conlang 0.2.0

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data/CHANGELOG.md ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
1
+ TODO
2
+ ====
3
+ * Support of UTF-8 symbols
4
+ * Grammatical exceptions, or replacements
5
+ * More operators
6
+
7
+ Implemented features
8
+ ====================
9
+ * Maybe(A) operator (no weight is requiered,
10
+ default probability is 50)
11
+ * Or(A, b) operator (no wight is requiered,
12
+ default probability is 50)
13
+ * Published as a Ruby gem
data/LANG_FILES_DOC.md ADDED
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1
+ LANG files documentation
2
+ ========================
3
+ LANG files are written in a little lightweight
4
+ markup language for statistical linguistics.
5
+
6
+ Any basic LANG file can be divided in two parts:
7
+ * Groups of phonemes (each phoneme has a weight).
8
+ * A grammatical expression.
9
+
10
+ These files can be interpreted to generate
11
+ random words.
12
+
13
+ Phonetical groups (symbolsets)
14
+ ------------------------------
15
+ All phonemes must be grouped into logical units.
16
+ Each phoneme has its own statistical weight.
17
+
18
+ For example, here's a group of vowels:
19
+
20
+ symbols for a vowel:
21
+ a: 50
22
+ e: 60
23
+ i: 40
24
+ o: 45
25
+ u: 40
26
+
27
+ Anything between the keyword "for" and
28
+ the last word is ignored, so these forms
29
+ are all allowed:
30
+
31
+ symbols for vowel:
32
+
33
+ symbols for each vowel:
34
+
35
+ symbols for any vowel:
36
+
37
+ You can also use "=" instead ":" when
38
+ defining a phoneme.
39
+
40
+ A phoneme's statistical weight gives
41
+ a priority to the symbol. It must be an
42
+ integer greater than 0 and less than 100.
43
+
44
+ Expression and operators
45
+ ------------------------
46
+ Each LANG file has an expression at the end.
47
+
48
+ The expression most be at the end, starting in
49
+ the next line, after:
50
+
51
+ expression:
52
+
53
+ An expression is composed of operators that
54
+ may be nested.
55
+
56
+ * **Maybe(weight, A)**: A symbol from the **A**
57
+ SymbolSet may appear or not (empty string).
58
+ The weight states the possibility of **A**
59
+ to appear.
60
+
61
+ * **Maybe(A)**: Same previous operator, but with default
62
+ 50 weight.
63
+
64
+ * **Or(weight, A, B)**: A symbol from SymbolSet
65
+ A or B may appear. The weight specifies the
66
+ possibility of a symbol from **A** for
67
+ appearing, and the complement (100 - A) must
68
+ be the possibility of a symbol from **B**
69
+ to appear.
70
+
71
+ * **Or(A, B)**: Same previous operator, but with default
72
+ 50 weight.
73
+
74
+ * A **+** B: The plus sign to append A and
75
+ B results.
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data/NOTICE.txt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
1
+ Apache ConlangWordGenerator
2
+ Copyright 2013 The Apache Software Foundation
3
+
4
+ This product includes software developed at
5
+ The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).
data/README.md ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
1
+ ConlangWordGenerator, 0.2.0 beta.
2
+ =================================
3
+ **Now it's a gem!**
4
+
5
+ Description
6
+ -----------
7
+ This gem allows the user to generate words for
8
+ constructed languages, given a LANG file that
9
+ describes the language. It can also be useful
10
+ for linguistics to study and generate words from
11
+ a given language.
12
+
13
+ The `*.lang` file must include sets of phonemes with
14
+ their individual probability weight, and a grammatical
15
+ expression, to describe how to generate words for the
16
+ described language.
17
+
18
+ Instructions
19
+ ------------
20
+ Usage:
21
+
22
+ require 'conlang'
23
+
24
+ # Path to LANG file, as constructor.
25
+ x = WordGenerator.new("tokipona.lang")
26
+
27
+ # Print ten generated words as
28
+ # an array of strings.
29
+ p x.get_words(10)
30
+
31
+
32
+ There are `*.lang` files as examples at `lang-examples`
33
+ directory of this [project's source](https://github.com/fluorine/ConlangWordGenerator).
34
+
35
+ Custom .lang files
36
+ ------------------
37
+ You must create your own .lang files to generate random
38
+ words for your constructed languages.
39
+
40
+ There files include a simple lightweight markup language
41
+ to describe sets of phonemes, their probability, and a
42
+ simple regular grammatical expression.
43
+
44
+ You can learn how to create LANG files [**here**](LANG_FILES_DOC.md).
45
+ Again, examples at `lang-examples` directory can help you a lot.
46
+
47
+ The class `WordGenerator` takes a path to a valid `*.lang`
48
+ file to produce a generator of words, as described previously
49
+ in the **Instructions** section.
data/TODO.md ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
1
+ TODO
2
+ ====
3
+ * Support of UTF-8 symbols
4
+ * Grammatical exceptions, or replacements
5
+ * More operators
6
+
7
+ Implemented features
8
+ ====================
9
+ * Maybe(A) operator (no weight is requiered,
10
+ default probability is 50)
11
+ * Or(A, b) operator (no wight is requiered,
12
+ default probability is 50)
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
1
+ # Operators for .lang grammatical expressions.
2
+ # - maybe(weight, symbolset)
3
+ # The symbolset may appear or not (empty string),
4
+ # given its probability (weight: 0 - 100) to appear.
5
+ # - or(weight, symbolsetA, symbolsetB)
6
+ # A symbol from symbolsetA or symbolsetB may appear.
7
+ # The probability weight for symbolsetA is specificed
8
+ # and the complement (of 100) favors symbolsetB.
9
+ # - a + b + ...
10
+ # Append all symbols.
11
+ #
12
+
13
+ #
14
+ # Base classes for operators.
15
+ #
16
+ module ConlangWordGenerator
17
+ #
18
+ # Classes for operators
19
+ # and operands.
20
+ #
21
+ class Or
22
+ def initialize(weight, setA, setB)
23
+ unless weight > 0 and weight < 100
24
+ raise "Error: Weight for an or() operator " +
25
+ "must be between 1 and 100 (exclusive)."
26
+ end
27
+
28
+ @weight = weight
29
+ @setA = setA
30
+ @setB = setB
31
+ end
32
+
33
+ def sample
34
+ if rand(100) < @weight
35
+ @setA.sample
36
+ else
37
+ @setB.sample
38
+ end
39
+ end
40
+
41
+ def +(other)
42
+ Append.new(self, other)
43
+ end
44
+ end
45
+
46
+ class Append
47
+ def initialize(*sets)
48
+ @sets = sets
49
+ end
50
+
51
+ def sample
52
+ result = ""
53
+
54
+ @sets.each { |item| result += item.sample }
55
+
56
+ result
57
+ end
58
+
59
+ def +(other)
60
+ Append.new(self, other)
61
+ end
62
+ end
63
+
64
+ class Maybe
65
+ def initialize(weight, set)
66
+ unless weight > 0 and weight < 100
67
+ raise "Error: Weight for an maybe() operator " +
68
+ "must be between 1 and 100 (exclusive)."
69
+ end
70
+
71
+ @weight = weight
72
+ @set = set
73
+ end
74
+
75
+ def sample
76
+ if rand(100) < @weight
77
+ @set.sample
78
+ else
79
+ ""
80
+ end
81
+ end
82
+
83
+ def +(other)
84
+ Append.new(self, other)
85
+ end
86
+ end
87
+
88
+ #
89
+ # Functions for operators
90
+ #
91
+
92
+ def self.orOp(*args)
93
+ if args.length == 2
94
+ Or.new(50, args[0], args[1])
95
+ elsif args.length == 3
96
+ Or.new(args[0].to_i, args[1], args[2])
97
+ else
98
+ raise "Error evaluating an Or() expression."
99
+ end
100
+ end
101
+
102
+ def self.maybeOp(*args)
103
+ if args.length == 1
104
+ Maybe.new(50, args[0])
105
+ elsif args.length == 2
106
+ Maybe.new(args[0].to_i, args[1])
107
+ else
108
+ raise "Error evaluating Maybe() expression."
109
+ end
110
+ end
111
+
112
+ #
113
+ # Interpreter
114
+ #
115
+ def self.load_definitions(bindings)
116
+ statements = ""
117
+
118
+ bindings.each_key do |k|
119
+ statements += "#{k} = bindings['#{k}']\n"
120
+ end
121
+
122
+ statements
123
+ end
124
+
125
+ def self.run_expression(expr, bindings)
126
+ # Modify method's names to avoid
127
+ # errors on Ruby syntax.
128
+ expr.gsub!(/\b[Oo]r\b/, 'orOp')
129
+ expr.gsub!(/\b[Mm]aybe\b/, 'maybeOp')
130
+
131
+ expr = load_definitions(bindings) + expr
132
+
133
+ # Evaluate all generated assigments
134
+ # and then the grammatical expression.
135
+ eval(expr)
136
+ end
137
+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
1
+ #!/usr/bin/env ruby
2
+
3
+ # Class for a set of primitive symbols
4
+ # and their weights.
5
+ module ConlangWordGenerator
6
+ class SymbolSet
7
+ def initialize
8
+ @pairs = []
9
+ @weight_accum = 0
10
+ end
11
+
12
+ # Add new symbol with its probability into the set
13
+ def add_pair(symbol, weight)
14
+ unless weight > 0 and weight < 100
15
+ raise "Weight of symbol '#{symbol}' must be a value between 1 and 99."
16
+ end
17
+
18
+ # Insert new pair in the sorted array of pairs
19
+ inserted = false
20
+ @pairs.each_index do |index|
21
+ if @pairs[index][1] > weight
22
+ @pairs.insert(index, [symbol, weight])
23
+ inserted = true
24
+ break
25
+ end
26
+ end
27
+
28
+ # Insert at the end, if requiered
29
+ @pairs += [[symbol, weight]] unless inserted
30
+
31
+ # Sum weights
32
+ @weight_accum += weight
33
+ end
34
+
35
+ # Get a random symbol from the set
36
+ def sample
37
+ random = rand(@weight_accum)
38
+
39
+ accum = 0
40
+ @pairs.each_index do |index|
41
+ accum += @pairs[index][1]
42
+ return @pairs[index][0] if accum > random
43
+ end
44
+ end
45
+
46
+ # Make Symbolset class appendable
47
+ def +(other)
48
+ Append.new(self, other)
49
+ end
50
+ end
51
+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
1
+ module ConlangWordGenerator
2
+ VERSION = '0.2.0'
3
+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
1
+ #!/usr/bin/env ruby
2
+
3
+ #require 'lib/symbolset.rb'
4
+
5
+ #
6
+ # This Ruby class generates random words using
7
+ # prabability-weighted symbols, and grammar rules
8
+ # from a given .lang file as input.
9
+ #
10
+
11
+ class WordGenerator
12
+ # Constructor
13
+ def initialize(file)
14
+ # Check file extension.
15
+ unless file.match(/.*\.lang/)
16
+ raise "Given file, \"#{file}\", is not a .lang file."
17
+ end
18
+
19
+ # Check if files exist
20
+ unless File.exist?(file)
21
+ raise "File \"#{file}\" was not found."
22
+ end
23
+
24
+ # # # # # # # # #
25
+
26
+ # Input filename
27
+ @lang_file = file
28
+
29
+ # Bindings for SymbolSets and a variable
30
+ # to save the grammatical expression string.
31
+ @bindings = {}
32
+ @full_expression = ""
33
+
34
+ # Parse .lang file
35
+ parse_lang_file
36
+
37
+ # Parse and evaluate grammatical expression
38
+ eval_expression
39
+ end
40
+
41
+ # This method reads a .lang file to parse it.
42
+ # It parses the symbols and then copies the full
43
+ # grammatical expression to evaluate it later.
44
+ def parse_lang_file
45
+ # Open .lang file and parse it, then copy
46
+ # its full grammatical expression.
47
+ File.open(@lang_file, "r:UTF-8") do |file|
48
+ lines_count = 1
49
+ on_expression = false
50
+
51
+ # Evaluating lines
52
+ while (line = file.gets)
53
+ # Parsing .lang file
54
+ case line
55
+ when /(^\s*$)|(^\s*#.*$)/
56
+ # Ignore blank lines or comments
57
+
58
+ when /^\s*symbols\s*for\s*(\w*)?\s*(\w+)\s*:\s*(#.*)?$/
59
+ # Create new symbol set
60
+ captured = line.scan(/\s*(\w+)\s*:/)
61
+ current_binding = captured[0][0]
62
+ @bindings[current_binding] = ConlangWordGenerator::SymbolSet.new
63
+
64
+ when /^\s*expression\s*:\s*(#.*)?$/
65
+ # Start of grammatical expression
66
+ #puts "Evaluating expression:"
67
+ on_expression = true
68
+
69
+ when /^\s*(\S+)\s*[:=]\s*(\d*)\s*(#.*)?$/
70
+ # Add a symbol to the current SymbolSet's binding
71
+ @bindings[current_binding].add_pair($1, $2.to_i)
72
+
73
+ else
74
+ if on_expression
75
+ # Copying expression
76
+ @full_expression += line.strip
77
+ else
78
+ raise "Runtime error when evaluating " +
79
+ "\"#{@lang_file}\" at line #{lines_count}."
80
+ end
81
+ end
82
+
83
+ #Counting lines
84
+ lines_count += 1
85
+ end
86
+ end
87
+ end
88
+
89
+ # This method evaluates the grammatical expression
90
+ # and then generate random words.
91
+ def eval_expression
92
+ @evaluated_expression = ConlangWordGenerator::run_expression(@full_expression, @bindings)
93
+ end
94
+
95
+ # This method generates words
96
+ def get_words(qty = 30)
97
+ raise "Error on quantity of words." if qty < 1
98
+
99
+ words = []
100
+
101
+ qty.times do
102
+ words += [@evaluated_expression.sample]
103
+ end
104
+
105
+ words
106
+ end
107
+ end
data/lib/conlang.rb ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
1
+ #encoding:utf-8
2
+ require 'conlang/operators'
3
+ require 'conlang/symbolset'
4
+ require 'conlang/wordgenerator'
5
+
6
+ #x = WordGenerator.new("tokipona.lang")
7
+ #p x.get_words(10)
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
1
+ # Thest LANG file for MAYBE operators.
2
+
3
+ symbols for a vowel:
4
+ a: 50
5
+ o: 50
6
+
7
+ symbols for any constant:
8
+ p: 33
9
+ t: 33
10
+ k: 33
11
+
12
+ expression:
13
+ # Pattern: /^[ptk]*[ao]*$/
14
+ Maybe(constant) + maybe(10, vowel)
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
1
+ # Thest LANG file for OR operators.
2
+
3
+ symbols for a vowel:
4
+ a: 50
5
+ o: 50
6
+
7
+ symbols for any constant:
8
+ p: 33
9
+ t: 33
10
+ k: 33
11
+
12
+ expression:
13
+ # Pattern: /[aoptk][ao]/
14
+ or(constant, vowel) + or(10, vowel, vowel)
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
1
+ require 'conlang'
2
+ require 'test/unit'
3
+
4
+ class TestWordGenerator < Test::Unit::TestCase
5
+ def test_or_operators
6
+ words = WordGenerator.new("test_file_or.lang").get_words(10)
7
+ words.each do |word|
8
+ assert_match(/^[aoptk][ao]$/, word)
9
+ end
10
+ end
11
+
12
+ def test_maybe_operators
13
+ words = WordGenerator.new("test_file_maybe.lang").get_words(10)
14
+ words.each do |word|
15
+ assert_match(/^[ptk]*[ao]*$/, word)
16
+ end
17
+ end
18
+ end
metadata ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
1
+ --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
2
+ name: conlang
3
+ version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
4
+ version: 0.2.0
5
+ platform: ruby
6
+ authors:
7
+ - Joseph
8
+ autorequire:
9
+ bindir: bin
10
+ cert_chain: []
11
+ date: 2013-06-06 00:00:00.000000000 Z
12
+ dependencies: []
13
+ description: 'This gem takes constructed grammar and phonemes from a LANG file to
14
+ generate random words. You can learn how to create LANG files, or explore some sample
15
+ files, at this project''s source repository on Github: https://github.com/fluorine/ConlangWordGenerator'
16
+ email: fluorine@github.com
17
+ executables: []
18
+ extensions: []
19
+ extra_rdoc_files: []
20
+ files:
21
+ - lib/conlang.rb
22
+ - lib/conlang/operators.rb
23
+ - lib/conlang/symbolset.rb
24
+ - lib/conlang/version.rb
25
+ - lib/conlang/wordgenerator.rb
26
+ - CHANGELOG.md
27
+ - LANG_FILES_DOC.md
28
+ - README.md
29
+ - TODO.md
30
+ - LICENSE.txt
31
+ - NOTICE.txt
32
+ - test/test_file_maybe.lang
33
+ - test/test_file_or.lang
34
+ - test/test_wordgenerator.rb
35
+ homepage: https://github.com/fluorine/ConlangWordGenerator
36
+ licenses:
37
+ - Apache
38
+ metadata: {}
39
+ post_install_message: |2-
40
+ Go to https://github.com/fluorine/ConlangWordGenerator to learn
41
+ how to create LANG files to generate words for constructed languages.
42
+ rdoc_options: []
43
+ require_paths:
44
+ - lib
45
+ required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
46
+ requirements:
47
+ - - '>='
48
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
49
+ version: '0'
50
+ required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
51
+ requirements:
52
+ - - '>='
53
+ - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
54
+ version: '0'
55
+ requirements: []
56
+ rubyforge_project:
57
+ rubygems_version: 2.0.3
58
+ signing_key:
59
+ specification_version: 4
60
+ summary: 'Full name: ConlangWordGenerator. A statistical random words generator for
61
+ constructed languages.'
62
+ test_files: []