conlang 0.2.0
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- checksums.yaml +7 -0
- data/CHANGELOG.md +13 -0
- data/LANG_FILES_DOC.md +75 -0
- data/LICENSE.txt +202 -0
- data/NOTICE.txt +5 -0
- data/README.md +49 -0
- data/TODO.md +12 -0
- data/lib/conlang/operators.rb +137 -0
- data/lib/conlang/symbolset.rb +51 -0
- data/lib/conlang/version.rb +3 -0
- data/lib/conlang/wordgenerator.rb +107 -0
- data/lib/conlang.rb +7 -0
- data/test/test_file_maybe.lang +14 -0
- data/test/test_file_or.lang +14 -0
- data/test/test_wordgenerator.rb +18 -0
- metadata +62 -0
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data.tar.gz: fa2f8cc35e30f01dc2db36cab0958e13e8448ae21d73fb1a3b38e8f2d3b363da89de5052d48a85fe736ed6bc13bdf8ca228cf29fce87cf62f95c2b19bf9be20f
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data/CHANGELOG.md
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TODO
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====
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* Support of UTF-8 symbols
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* Grammatical exceptions, or replacements
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* More operators
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Implemented features
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====================
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* Maybe(A) operator (no weight is requiered,
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default probability is 50)
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* Or(A, b) operator (no wight is requiered,
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default probability is 50)
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* Published as a Ruby gem
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data/LANG_FILES_DOC.md
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LANG files documentation
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========================
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LANG files are written in a little lightweight
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markup language for statistical linguistics.
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Any basic LANG file can be divided in two parts:
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* Groups of phonemes (each phoneme has a weight).
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* A grammatical expression.
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These files can be interpreted to generate
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random words.
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Phonetical groups (symbolsets)
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------------------------------
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All phonemes must be grouped into logical units.
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Each phoneme has its own statistical weight.
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For example, here's a group of vowels:
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symbols for a vowel:
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a: 50
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e: 60
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i: 40
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o: 45
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u: 40
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Anything between the keyword "for" and
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the last word is ignored, so these forms
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are all allowed:
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symbols for vowel:
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symbols for each vowel:
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symbols for any vowel:
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You can also use "=" instead ":" when
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defining a phoneme.
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A phoneme's statistical weight gives
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a priority to the symbol. It must be an
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integer greater than 0 and less than 100.
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Expression and operators
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------------------------
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Each LANG file has an expression at the end.
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The expression most be at the end, starting in
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the next line, after:
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expression:
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An expression is composed of operators that
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may be nested.
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* **Maybe(weight, A)**: A symbol from the **A**
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SymbolSet may appear or not (empty string).
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The weight states the possibility of **A**
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to appear.
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* **Maybe(A)**: Same previous operator, but with default
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50 weight.
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* **Or(weight, A, B)**: A symbol from SymbolSet
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A or B may appear. The weight specifies the
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possibility of a symbol from **A** for
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appearing, and the complement (100 - A) must
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be the possibility of a symbol from **B**
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to appear.
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* **Or(A, B)**: Same previous operator, but with default
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50 weight.
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* A **+** B: The plus sign to append A and
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B results.
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data/LICENSE.txt
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Apache License
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data/NOTICE.txt
ADDED
data/README.md
ADDED
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ConlangWordGenerator, 0.2.0 beta.
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=================================
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**Now it's a gem!**
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Description
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-----------
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This gem allows the user to generate words for
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constructed languages, given a LANG file that
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describes the language. It can also be useful
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for linguistics to study and generate words from
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a given language.
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The `*.lang` file must include sets of phonemes with
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their individual probability weight, and a grammatical
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expression, to describe how to generate words for the
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described language.
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Instructions
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------------
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Usage:
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require 'conlang'
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# Path to LANG file, as constructor.
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x = WordGenerator.new("tokipona.lang")
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# Print ten generated words as
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# an array of strings.
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p x.get_words(10)
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There are `*.lang` files as examples at `lang-examples`
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directory of this [project's source](https://github.com/fluorine/ConlangWordGenerator).
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Custom .lang files
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------------------
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You must create your own .lang files to generate random
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words for your constructed languages.
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There files include a simple lightweight markup language
|
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to describe sets of phonemes, their probability, and a
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simple regular grammatical expression.
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You can learn how to create LANG files [**here**](LANG_FILES_DOC.md).
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Again, examples at `lang-examples` directory can help you a lot.
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|
47
|
+
The class `WordGenerator` takes a path to a valid `*.lang`
|
48
|
+
file to produce a generator of words, as described previously
|
49
|
+
in the **Instructions** section.
|
data/TODO.md
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
|
|
1
|
+
TODO
|
2
|
+
====
|
3
|
+
* Support of UTF-8 symbols
|
4
|
+
* Grammatical exceptions, or replacements
|
5
|
+
* More operators
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
Implemented features
|
8
|
+
====================
|
9
|
+
* Maybe(A) operator (no weight is requiered,
|
10
|
+
default probability is 50)
|
11
|
+
* Or(A, b) operator (no wight is requiered,
|
12
|
+
default probability is 50)
|
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Operators for .lang grammatical expressions.
|
2
|
+
# - maybe(weight, symbolset)
|
3
|
+
# The symbolset may appear or not (empty string),
|
4
|
+
# given its probability (weight: 0 - 100) to appear.
|
5
|
+
# - or(weight, symbolsetA, symbolsetB)
|
6
|
+
# A symbol from symbolsetA or symbolsetB may appear.
|
7
|
+
# The probability weight for symbolsetA is specificed
|
8
|
+
# and the complement (of 100) favors symbolsetB.
|
9
|
+
# - a + b + ...
|
10
|
+
# Append all symbols.
|
11
|
+
#
|
12
|
+
|
13
|
+
#
|
14
|
+
# Base classes for operators.
|
15
|
+
#
|
16
|
+
module ConlangWordGenerator
|
17
|
+
#
|
18
|
+
# Classes for operators
|
19
|
+
# and operands.
|
20
|
+
#
|
21
|
+
class Or
|
22
|
+
def initialize(weight, setA, setB)
|
23
|
+
unless weight > 0 and weight < 100
|
24
|
+
raise "Error: Weight for an or() operator " +
|
25
|
+
"must be between 1 and 100 (exclusive)."
|
26
|
+
end
|
27
|
+
|
28
|
+
@weight = weight
|
29
|
+
@setA = setA
|
30
|
+
@setB = setB
|
31
|
+
end
|
32
|
+
|
33
|
+
def sample
|
34
|
+
if rand(100) < @weight
|
35
|
+
@setA.sample
|
36
|
+
else
|
37
|
+
@setB.sample
|
38
|
+
end
|
39
|
+
end
|
40
|
+
|
41
|
+
def +(other)
|
42
|
+
Append.new(self, other)
|
43
|
+
end
|
44
|
+
end
|
45
|
+
|
46
|
+
class Append
|
47
|
+
def initialize(*sets)
|
48
|
+
@sets = sets
|
49
|
+
end
|
50
|
+
|
51
|
+
def sample
|
52
|
+
result = ""
|
53
|
+
|
54
|
+
@sets.each { |item| result += item.sample }
|
55
|
+
|
56
|
+
result
|
57
|
+
end
|
58
|
+
|
59
|
+
def +(other)
|
60
|
+
Append.new(self, other)
|
61
|
+
end
|
62
|
+
end
|
63
|
+
|
64
|
+
class Maybe
|
65
|
+
def initialize(weight, set)
|
66
|
+
unless weight > 0 and weight < 100
|
67
|
+
raise "Error: Weight for an maybe() operator " +
|
68
|
+
"must be between 1 and 100 (exclusive)."
|
69
|
+
end
|
70
|
+
|
71
|
+
@weight = weight
|
72
|
+
@set = set
|
73
|
+
end
|
74
|
+
|
75
|
+
def sample
|
76
|
+
if rand(100) < @weight
|
77
|
+
@set.sample
|
78
|
+
else
|
79
|
+
""
|
80
|
+
end
|
81
|
+
end
|
82
|
+
|
83
|
+
def +(other)
|
84
|
+
Append.new(self, other)
|
85
|
+
end
|
86
|
+
end
|
87
|
+
|
88
|
+
#
|
89
|
+
# Functions for operators
|
90
|
+
#
|
91
|
+
|
92
|
+
def self.orOp(*args)
|
93
|
+
if args.length == 2
|
94
|
+
Or.new(50, args[0], args[1])
|
95
|
+
elsif args.length == 3
|
96
|
+
Or.new(args[0].to_i, args[1], args[2])
|
97
|
+
else
|
98
|
+
raise "Error evaluating an Or() expression."
|
99
|
+
end
|
100
|
+
end
|
101
|
+
|
102
|
+
def self.maybeOp(*args)
|
103
|
+
if args.length == 1
|
104
|
+
Maybe.new(50, args[0])
|
105
|
+
elsif args.length == 2
|
106
|
+
Maybe.new(args[0].to_i, args[1])
|
107
|
+
else
|
108
|
+
raise "Error evaluating Maybe() expression."
|
109
|
+
end
|
110
|
+
end
|
111
|
+
|
112
|
+
#
|
113
|
+
# Interpreter
|
114
|
+
#
|
115
|
+
def self.load_definitions(bindings)
|
116
|
+
statements = ""
|
117
|
+
|
118
|
+
bindings.each_key do |k|
|
119
|
+
statements += "#{k} = bindings['#{k}']\n"
|
120
|
+
end
|
121
|
+
|
122
|
+
statements
|
123
|
+
end
|
124
|
+
|
125
|
+
def self.run_expression(expr, bindings)
|
126
|
+
# Modify method's names to avoid
|
127
|
+
# errors on Ruby syntax.
|
128
|
+
expr.gsub!(/\b[Oo]r\b/, 'orOp')
|
129
|
+
expr.gsub!(/\b[Mm]aybe\b/, 'maybeOp')
|
130
|
+
|
131
|
+
expr = load_definitions(bindings) + expr
|
132
|
+
|
133
|
+
# Evaluate all generated assigments
|
134
|
+
# and then the grammatical expression.
|
135
|
+
eval(expr)
|
136
|
+
end
|
137
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
|
|
1
|
+
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
|
2
|
+
|
3
|
+
# Class for a set of primitive symbols
|
4
|
+
# and their weights.
|
5
|
+
module ConlangWordGenerator
|
6
|
+
class SymbolSet
|
7
|
+
def initialize
|
8
|
+
@pairs = []
|
9
|
+
@weight_accum = 0
|
10
|
+
end
|
11
|
+
|
12
|
+
# Add new symbol with its probability into the set
|
13
|
+
def add_pair(symbol, weight)
|
14
|
+
unless weight > 0 and weight < 100
|
15
|
+
raise "Weight of symbol '#{symbol}' must be a value between 1 and 99."
|
16
|
+
end
|
17
|
+
|
18
|
+
# Insert new pair in the sorted array of pairs
|
19
|
+
inserted = false
|
20
|
+
@pairs.each_index do |index|
|
21
|
+
if @pairs[index][1] > weight
|
22
|
+
@pairs.insert(index, [symbol, weight])
|
23
|
+
inserted = true
|
24
|
+
break
|
25
|
+
end
|
26
|
+
end
|
27
|
+
|
28
|
+
# Insert at the end, if requiered
|
29
|
+
@pairs += [[symbol, weight]] unless inserted
|
30
|
+
|
31
|
+
# Sum weights
|
32
|
+
@weight_accum += weight
|
33
|
+
end
|
34
|
+
|
35
|
+
# Get a random symbol from the set
|
36
|
+
def sample
|
37
|
+
random = rand(@weight_accum)
|
38
|
+
|
39
|
+
accum = 0
|
40
|
+
@pairs.each_index do |index|
|
41
|
+
accum += @pairs[index][1]
|
42
|
+
return @pairs[index][0] if accum > random
|
43
|
+
end
|
44
|
+
end
|
45
|
+
|
46
|
+
# Make Symbolset class appendable
|
47
|
+
def +(other)
|
48
|
+
Append.new(self, other)
|
49
|
+
end
|
50
|
+
end
|
51
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
|
|
1
|
+
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
|
2
|
+
|
3
|
+
#require 'lib/symbolset.rb'
|
4
|
+
|
5
|
+
#
|
6
|
+
# This Ruby class generates random words using
|
7
|
+
# prabability-weighted symbols, and grammar rules
|
8
|
+
# from a given .lang file as input.
|
9
|
+
#
|
10
|
+
|
11
|
+
class WordGenerator
|
12
|
+
# Constructor
|
13
|
+
def initialize(file)
|
14
|
+
# Check file extension.
|
15
|
+
unless file.match(/.*\.lang/)
|
16
|
+
raise "Given file, \"#{file}\", is not a .lang file."
|
17
|
+
end
|
18
|
+
|
19
|
+
# Check if files exist
|
20
|
+
unless File.exist?(file)
|
21
|
+
raise "File \"#{file}\" was not found."
|
22
|
+
end
|
23
|
+
|
24
|
+
# # # # # # # # #
|
25
|
+
|
26
|
+
# Input filename
|
27
|
+
@lang_file = file
|
28
|
+
|
29
|
+
# Bindings for SymbolSets and a variable
|
30
|
+
# to save the grammatical expression string.
|
31
|
+
@bindings = {}
|
32
|
+
@full_expression = ""
|
33
|
+
|
34
|
+
# Parse .lang file
|
35
|
+
parse_lang_file
|
36
|
+
|
37
|
+
# Parse and evaluate grammatical expression
|
38
|
+
eval_expression
|
39
|
+
end
|
40
|
+
|
41
|
+
# This method reads a .lang file to parse it.
|
42
|
+
# It parses the symbols and then copies the full
|
43
|
+
# grammatical expression to evaluate it later.
|
44
|
+
def parse_lang_file
|
45
|
+
# Open .lang file and parse it, then copy
|
46
|
+
# its full grammatical expression.
|
47
|
+
File.open(@lang_file, "r:UTF-8") do |file|
|
48
|
+
lines_count = 1
|
49
|
+
on_expression = false
|
50
|
+
|
51
|
+
# Evaluating lines
|
52
|
+
while (line = file.gets)
|
53
|
+
# Parsing .lang file
|
54
|
+
case line
|
55
|
+
when /(^\s*$)|(^\s*#.*$)/
|
56
|
+
# Ignore blank lines or comments
|
57
|
+
|
58
|
+
when /^\s*symbols\s*for\s*(\w*)?\s*(\w+)\s*:\s*(#.*)?$/
|
59
|
+
# Create new symbol set
|
60
|
+
captured = line.scan(/\s*(\w+)\s*:/)
|
61
|
+
current_binding = captured[0][0]
|
62
|
+
@bindings[current_binding] = ConlangWordGenerator::SymbolSet.new
|
63
|
+
|
64
|
+
when /^\s*expression\s*:\s*(#.*)?$/
|
65
|
+
# Start of grammatical expression
|
66
|
+
#puts "Evaluating expression:"
|
67
|
+
on_expression = true
|
68
|
+
|
69
|
+
when /^\s*(\S+)\s*[:=]\s*(\d*)\s*(#.*)?$/
|
70
|
+
# Add a symbol to the current SymbolSet's binding
|
71
|
+
@bindings[current_binding].add_pair($1, $2.to_i)
|
72
|
+
|
73
|
+
else
|
74
|
+
if on_expression
|
75
|
+
# Copying expression
|
76
|
+
@full_expression += line.strip
|
77
|
+
else
|
78
|
+
raise "Runtime error when evaluating " +
|
79
|
+
"\"#{@lang_file}\" at line #{lines_count}."
|
80
|
+
end
|
81
|
+
end
|
82
|
+
|
83
|
+
#Counting lines
|
84
|
+
lines_count += 1
|
85
|
+
end
|
86
|
+
end
|
87
|
+
end
|
88
|
+
|
89
|
+
# This method evaluates the grammatical expression
|
90
|
+
# and then generate random words.
|
91
|
+
def eval_expression
|
92
|
+
@evaluated_expression = ConlangWordGenerator::run_expression(@full_expression, @bindings)
|
93
|
+
end
|
94
|
+
|
95
|
+
# This method generates words
|
96
|
+
def get_words(qty = 30)
|
97
|
+
raise "Error on quantity of words." if qty < 1
|
98
|
+
|
99
|
+
words = []
|
100
|
+
|
101
|
+
qty.times do
|
102
|
+
words += [@evaluated_expression.sample]
|
103
|
+
end
|
104
|
+
|
105
|
+
words
|
106
|
+
end
|
107
|
+
end
|
data/lib/conlang.rb
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
|
1
|
+
require 'conlang'
|
2
|
+
require 'test/unit'
|
3
|
+
|
4
|
+
class TestWordGenerator < Test::Unit::TestCase
|
5
|
+
def test_or_operators
|
6
|
+
words = WordGenerator.new("test_file_or.lang").get_words(10)
|
7
|
+
words.each do |word|
|
8
|
+
assert_match(/^[aoptk][ao]$/, word)
|
9
|
+
end
|
10
|
+
end
|
11
|
+
|
12
|
+
def test_maybe_operators
|
13
|
+
words = WordGenerator.new("test_file_maybe.lang").get_words(10)
|
14
|
+
words.each do |word|
|
15
|
+
assert_match(/^[ptk]*[ao]*$/, word)
|
16
|
+
end
|
17
|
+
end
|
18
|
+
end
|
metadata
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
|
|
1
|
+
--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
|
2
|
+
name: conlang
|
3
|
+
version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
4
|
+
version: 0.2.0
|
5
|
+
platform: ruby
|
6
|
+
authors:
|
7
|
+
- Joseph
|
8
|
+
autorequire:
|
9
|
+
bindir: bin
|
10
|
+
cert_chain: []
|
11
|
+
date: 2013-06-06 00:00:00.000000000 Z
|
12
|
+
dependencies: []
|
13
|
+
description: 'This gem takes constructed grammar and phonemes from a LANG file to
|
14
|
+
generate random words. You can learn how to create LANG files, or explore some sample
|
15
|
+
files, at this project''s source repository on Github: https://github.com/fluorine/ConlangWordGenerator'
|
16
|
+
email: fluorine@github.com
|
17
|
+
executables: []
|
18
|
+
extensions: []
|
19
|
+
extra_rdoc_files: []
|
20
|
+
files:
|
21
|
+
- lib/conlang.rb
|
22
|
+
- lib/conlang/operators.rb
|
23
|
+
- lib/conlang/symbolset.rb
|
24
|
+
- lib/conlang/version.rb
|
25
|
+
- lib/conlang/wordgenerator.rb
|
26
|
+
- CHANGELOG.md
|
27
|
+
- LANG_FILES_DOC.md
|
28
|
+
- README.md
|
29
|
+
- TODO.md
|
30
|
+
- LICENSE.txt
|
31
|
+
- NOTICE.txt
|
32
|
+
- test/test_file_maybe.lang
|
33
|
+
- test/test_file_or.lang
|
34
|
+
- test/test_wordgenerator.rb
|
35
|
+
homepage: https://github.com/fluorine/ConlangWordGenerator
|
36
|
+
licenses:
|
37
|
+
- Apache
|
38
|
+
metadata: {}
|
39
|
+
post_install_message: |2-
|
40
|
+
Go to https://github.com/fluorine/ConlangWordGenerator to learn
|
41
|
+
how to create LANG files to generate words for constructed languages.
|
42
|
+
rdoc_options: []
|
43
|
+
require_paths:
|
44
|
+
- lib
|
45
|
+
required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
46
|
+
requirements:
|
47
|
+
- - '>='
|
48
|
+
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
49
|
+
version: '0'
|
50
|
+
required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
51
|
+
requirements:
|
52
|
+
- - '>='
|
53
|
+
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
54
|
+
version: '0'
|
55
|
+
requirements: []
|
56
|
+
rubyforge_project:
|
57
|
+
rubygems_version: 2.0.3
|
58
|
+
signing_key:
|
59
|
+
specification_version: 4
|
60
|
+
summary: 'Full name: ConlangWordGenerator. A statistical random words generator for
|
61
|
+
constructed languages.'
|
62
|
+
test_files: []
|