concurrent-ruby 1.0.5 → 1.1.10

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Files changed (164) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +5 -5
  2. data/CHANGELOG.md +155 -0
  3. data/Gemfile +37 -0
  4. data/LICENSE.txt +18 -18
  5. data/README.md +260 -103
  6. data/Rakefile +329 -0
  7. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/ConcurrentRubyService.java +17 -0
  8. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/AtomicReferenceLibrary.java +175 -0
  9. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/JRubyMapBackendLibrary.java +248 -0
  10. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/JavaAtomicBooleanLibrary.java +93 -0
  11. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/JavaAtomicFixnumLibrary.java +113 -0
  12. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/JavaSemaphoreLibrary.java +189 -0
  13. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/SynchronizationLibrary.java +307 -0
  14. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/jsr166e/ConcurrentHashMap.java +31 -0
  15. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/jsr166e/ConcurrentHashMapV8.java +3863 -0
  16. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/jsr166e/LongAdder.java +203 -0
  17. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/jsr166e/Striped64.java +342 -0
  18. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/jsr166e/nounsafe/ConcurrentHashMapV8.java +3800 -0
  19. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/jsr166e/nounsafe/LongAdder.java +204 -0
  20. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/jsr166e/nounsafe/Striped64.java +291 -0
  21. data/ext/concurrent-ruby/com/concurrent_ruby/ext/jsr166y/ThreadLocalRandom.java +199 -0
  22. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/agent.rb +7 -7
  23. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/array.rb +66 -0
  24. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/async.rb +28 -24
  25. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atom.rb +10 -10
  26. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/atomic_boolean.rb +26 -22
  27. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/atomic_fixnum.rb +27 -23
  28. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/atomic/atomic_markable_reference.rb +164 -0
  29. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/atomic/atomic_reference.rb +205 -0
  30. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/count_down_latch.rb +7 -7
  31. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/cyclic_barrier.rb +1 -1
  32. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/event.rb +3 -3
  33. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/java_count_down_latch.rb +9 -6
  34. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/mutex_atomic_boolean.rb +2 -0
  35. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/mutex_count_down_latch.rb +1 -0
  36. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/mutex_semaphore.rb +18 -2
  37. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/read_write_lock.rb +2 -1
  38. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/reentrant_read_write_lock.rb +7 -7
  39. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/ruby_thread_local_var.rb +60 -40
  40. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/semaphore.rb +34 -13
  41. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/thread_local_var.rb +8 -8
  42. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic_reference/mutex_atomic.rb +3 -8
  43. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic_reference/numeric_cas_wrapper.rb +1 -1
  44. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/atomics.rb +10 -0
  45. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/collection/lock_free_stack.rb +158 -0
  46. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/map/atomic_reference_map_backend.rb +3 -3
  47. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/map/mri_map_backend.rb +1 -1
  48. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/map/non_concurrent_map_backend.rb +1 -2
  49. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/collection/map/truffleruby_map_backend.rb +14 -0
  50. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/non_concurrent_priority_queue.rb +30 -30
  51. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/ruby_non_concurrent_priority_queue.rb +11 -1
  52. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/concern/dereferenceable.rb +3 -3
  53. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/concern/logging.rb +6 -1
  54. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/concern/observable.rb +7 -7
  55. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/concurrent_ruby.jar +0 -0
  56. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/configuration.rb +15 -15
  57. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/constants.rb +1 -1
  58. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/dataflow.rb +2 -1
  59. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/delay.rb +9 -7
  60. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/exchanger.rb +21 -25
  61. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/abstract_executor_service.rb +35 -38
  62. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/cached_thread_pool.rb +5 -5
  63. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/executor_service.rb +17 -17
  64. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/fixed_thread_pool.rb +47 -33
  65. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/java_executor_service.rb +20 -17
  66. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/java_single_thread_executor.rb +4 -3
  67. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/java_thread_pool_executor.rb +29 -9
  68. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/ruby_executor_service.rb +10 -6
  69. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/ruby_single_thread_executor.rb +0 -1
  70. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/ruby_thread_pool_executor.rb +46 -42
  71. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/safe_task_executor.rb +5 -5
  72. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/simple_executor_service.rb +1 -1
  73. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/single_thread_executor.rb +3 -2
  74. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/thread_pool_executor.rb +7 -6
  75. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/timer_set.rb +14 -17
  76. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/future.rb +4 -1
  77. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/hash.rb +59 -0
  78. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/immutable_struct.rb +9 -1
  79. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/ivar.rb +5 -6
  80. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/map.rb +346 -0
  81. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/maybe.rb +1 -1
  82. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/mutable_struct.rb +27 -16
  83. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/mvar.rb +2 -2
  84. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/promise.rb +54 -21
  85. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/promises.rb +2167 -0
  86. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/re_include.rb +58 -0
  87. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/scheduled_task.rb +29 -16
  88. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/set.rb +74 -0
  89. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/settable_struct.rb +12 -1
  90. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/abstract_lockable_object.rb +5 -5
  91. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/abstract_struct.rb +18 -4
  92. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/condition.rb +2 -0
  93. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/jruby_object.rb +1 -0
  94. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/lock.rb +2 -0
  95. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/lockable_object.rb +8 -10
  96. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/mri_object.rb +1 -0
  97. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/synchronization/mutex_lockable_object.rb +88 -0
  98. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/object.rb +53 -23
  99. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/rbx_lockable_object.rb +6 -0
  100. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/rbx_object.rb +1 -0
  101. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/synchronization/truffleruby_object.rb +47 -0
  102. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/volatile.rb +11 -9
  103. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization.rb +4 -5
  104. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/thread_safe/util/data_structures.rb +88 -0
  105. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/thread_safe/util/striped64.rb +9 -4
  106. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/timer_task.rb +15 -35
  107. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/tuple.rb +1 -1
  108. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/tvar.rb +21 -58
  109. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/utility/engine.rb +4 -4
  110. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/utility/monotonic_time.rb +90 -0
  111. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/utility/native_extension_loader.rb +79 -0
  112. data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/utility/processor_counter.rb +5 -35
  113. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent/version.rb +3 -0
  114. data/lib/concurrent-ruby/concurrent-ruby.rb +5 -0
  115. data/lib/{concurrent.rb → concurrent-ruby/concurrent.rb} +24 -20
  116. metadata +149 -134
  117. data/lib/concurrent/array.rb +0 -39
  118. data/lib/concurrent/atomic/atomic_reference.rb +0 -51
  119. data/lib/concurrent/atomic_reference/concurrent_update_error.rb +0 -8
  120. data/lib/concurrent/atomic_reference/direct_update.rb +0 -81
  121. data/lib/concurrent/atomic_reference/jruby+truffle.rb +0 -2
  122. data/lib/concurrent/atomic_reference/jruby.rb +0 -16
  123. data/lib/concurrent/atomic_reference/rbx.rb +0 -22
  124. data/lib/concurrent/atomic_reference/ruby.rb +0 -32
  125. data/lib/concurrent/atomics.rb +0 -53
  126. data/lib/concurrent/edge.rb +0 -26
  127. data/lib/concurrent/hash.rb +0 -36
  128. data/lib/concurrent/lazy_register.rb +0 -81
  129. data/lib/concurrent/map.rb +0 -240
  130. data/lib/concurrent/synchronization/mri_lockable_object.rb +0 -71
  131. data/lib/concurrent/synchronization/truffle_lockable_object.rb +0 -9
  132. data/lib/concurrent/synchronization/truffle_object.rb +0 -31
  133. data/lib/concurrent/thread_safe/util/array_hash_rbx.rb +0 -30
  134. data/lib/concurrent/utility/at_exit.rb +0 -97
  135. data/lib/concurrent/utility/monotonic_time.rb +0 -58
  136. data/lib/concurrent/utility/native_extension_loader.rb +0 -73
  137. data/lib/concurrent/version.rb +0 -4
  138. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/abstract_thread_local_var.rb +0 -0
  139. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/java_thread_local_var.rb +0 -0
  140. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/atomic/mutex_atomic_fixnum.rb +0 -0
  141. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/copy_on_notify_observer_set.rb +0 -0
  142. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/copy_on_write_observer_set.rb +0 -0
  143. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/java_non_concurrent_priority_queue.rb +0 -0
  144. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/collection/map/synchronized_map_backend.rb +0 -0
  145. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/concern/deprecation.rb +0 -0
  146. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/concern/obligation.rb +0 -0
  147. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/errors.rb +0 -0
  148. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/immediate_executor.rb +0 -0
  149. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/indirect_immediate_executor.rb +0 -0
  150. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/serial_executor_service.rb +0 -0
  151. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/serialized_execution.rb +0 -0
  152. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executor/serialized_execution_delegator.rb +0 -0
  153. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/executors.rb +0 -0
  154. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/options.rb +0 -0
  155. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/abstract_object.rb +0 -0
  156. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/synchronization/jruby_lockable_object.rb +0 -0
  157. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/thread_safe/synchronized_delegator.rb +0 -0
  158. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/thread_safe/util/adder.rb +0 -0
  159. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/thread_safe/util/cheap_lockable.rb +0 -0
  160. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/thread_safe/util/power_of_two_tuple.rb +0 -0
  161. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/thread_safe/util/volatile.rb +0 -0
  162. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/thread_safe/util/xor_shift_random.rb +0 -0
  163. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/thread_safe/util.rb +0 -0
  164. /data/lib/{concurrent → concurrent-ruby/concurrent}/utility/native_integer.rb +0 -0
data/README.md CHANGED
@@ -1,11 +1,6 @@
1
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  # Concurrent Ruby
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  [![Gem Version](https://badge.fury.io/rb/concurrent-ruby.svg)](http://badge.fury.io/rb/concurrent-ruby)
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- [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby)
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- [![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/iq8aboyuu3etad4w?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/rubyconcurrency/concurrent-ruby)
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- [![Code Climate](https://codeclimate.com/github/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby.svg)](https://codeclimate.com/github/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby)
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- [![Inline docs](http://inch-ci.org/github/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby.svg)](http://inch-ci.org/github/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby)
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- [![Dependency Status](https://gemnasium.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby.svg)](https://gemnasium.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby)
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4
  [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-green.svg)](http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
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5
  [![Gitter chat](https://img.shields.io/badge/IRC%20(gitter)-devs%20%26%20users-brightgreen.svg)](https://gitter.im/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby)
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6
 
@@ -19,129 +14,257 @@ Modern concurrency tools for Ruby. Inspired by
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  [Java](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/package-summary.html),
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15
  and classic concurrency patterns.
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- <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/master/doc/logo/concurrent-ruby-logo-300x300.png" align="right" style="margin-left: 20px;" />
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+ <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/master/docs-source/logo/concurrent-ruby-logo-300x300.png" align="right" style="margin-left: 20px;" />
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18
 
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19
  The design goals of this gem are:
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20
 
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- * Be an 'unopinionated' toolbox that provides useful utilities without debating which is better or why
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- * Remain free of external gem dependencies
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- * Stay true to the spirit of the languages providing inspiration
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- * But implement in a way that makes sense for Ruby
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- * Keep the semantics as idiomatic Ruby as possible
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- * Support features that make sense in Ruby
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- * Exclude features that don't make sense in Ruby
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- * Be small, lean, and loosely coupled
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+ * Be an 'unopinionated' toolbox that provides useful utilities without debating which is better
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+ or why
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+ * Remain free of external gem dependencies
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+ * Stay true to the spirit of the languages providing inspiration
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+ * But implement in a way that makes sense for Ruby
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+ * Keep the semantics as idiomatic Ruby as possible
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+ * Support features that make sense in Ruby
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+ * Exclude features that don't make sense in Ruby
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+ * Be small, lean, and loosely coupled
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+ * Thread-safety
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+ * Backward compatibility
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35
- ### Supported Ruby versions
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+ ## Contributing
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- MRI 1.9.3, 2.0 and above, JRuby 1.7x in 1.9 mode, JRuby 9000, and Rubinius 2.x are supported.
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- This gem should be fully compatible with any interpreter that is compliant with Ruby 1.9.3 or newer.
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- Java 8 is preferred for JRuby but every Java version on which JRuby 9000 runs is supported.
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+ **This gem depends on
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+ [contributions](https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/graphs/contributors) and we
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+ appreciate your help. Would you like to contribute? Great! Have a look at
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+ [issues with `looking-for-contributor` label](https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Alooking-for-contributor).** And if you pick something up let us know on the issue.
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+
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+ You can also get started by triaging issues which may include reproducing bug reports or asking for vital information, such as version numbers or reproduction instructions. If you would like to start triaging issues, one easy way to get started is to [subscribe to concurrent-ruby on CodeTriage](https://www.codetriage.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby). [![Open Source Helpers](https://www.codetriage.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/badges/users.svg)](https://www.codetriage.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby)
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  ## Thread Safety
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- *Concurrent Ruby makes the strongest thread safety guarantees of any Ruby concurrency library. We are the only library with a published [memory model](https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/blob/master/doc/synchronization.md) which provides consistent behavior and guarantees on all three of the main Ruby interpreters (MRI/CRuby, JRuby, and Rubinius).*
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+ *Concurrent Ruby makes one of the strongest thread safety guarantees of any Ruby concurrency
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+ library, providing consistent behavior and guarantees on all four of the main Ruby interpreters
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+ (MRI/CRuby, JRuby, Rubinius, TruffleRuby).*
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+
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+ Every abstraction in this library is thread safe. Specific thread safety guarantees are documented
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+ with each abstraction.
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- Every abstraction in this library is thread safe. Similarly, all are deadlock free and many are fully lock free. Specific thread safety guarantees are documented with each abstraction.
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+ It is critical to remember, however, that Ruby is a language of mutable references. *No*
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+ concurrency library for Ruby can ever prevent the user from making thread safety mistakes (such as
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+ sharing a mutable object between threads and modifying it on both threads) or from creating
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+ deadlocks through incorrect use of locks. All the library can do is provide safe abstractions which
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+ encourage safe practices. Concurrent Ruby provides more safe concurrency abstractions than any
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+ other Ruby library, many of which support the mantra of
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+ ["Do not communicate by sharing memory; instead, share memory by communicating"](https://blog.golang.org/share-memory-by-communicating).
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+ Concurrent Ruby is also the only Ruby library which provides a full suite of thread safe and
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+ immutable variable types and data structures.
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- It is critical to remember, however, that Ruby is a language of mutable references. *No* concurrency library for Ruby can ever prevent the user from making thread safety mistakes (such as sharing a mutable object between threads and modifying it on both threads) or from creating deadlocks through incorrect use of locks. All the library can do is provide safe abstractions which encourage safe practices. Concurrent Ruby provides more safe concurrency abstractions than any other Ruby library, many of which support the mantra of ["Do not communicate by sharing memory; instead, share memory by communicating"](https://blog.golang.org/share-memory-by-communicating). Concurrent Ruby is also the only Ruby library which provides a full suite of thread safe and immutable variable types and data structures.
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+ We've also initiated discussion to document [memory model](docs-source/synchronization.md) of Ruby which
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+ would provide consistent behaviour and guarantees on all four of the main Ruby interpreters
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+ (MRI/CRuby, JRuby, Rubinius, TruffleRuby).
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  ## Features & Documentation
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- The primary site for documentation is the automatically generated [API documentation](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/frames.html)
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+ **The primary site for documentation is the automatically generated
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+ [API documentation](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/index.html) which is up to
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+ date with latest release.** This readme matches the master so may contain new stuff not yet
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+ released.
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+
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+ We also have a [IRC (gitter)](https://gitter.im/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby).
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+
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+ ### Versioning
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+
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+ * `concurrent-ruby` uses [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/)
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+ * `concurrent-ruby-ext` has always same version as `concurrent-ruby`
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+ * `concurrent-ruby-edge` will always be 0.y.z therefore following
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+ [point 4](http://semver.org/#spec-item-4) applies *"Major version zero
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+ (0.y.z) is for initial development. Anything may change at any time. The
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+ public API should not be considered stable."* However we additionally use
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+ following rules:
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+ * Minor version increment means incompatible changes were made
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+ * Patch version increment means only compatible changes were made
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- We also have a [mailing list](http://groups.google.com/group/concurrent-ruby) and [IRC (gitter)](https://gitter.im/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby).
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  #### General-purpose Concurrency Abstractions
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- * [Async](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Async.html): A mixin module that provides simple asynchronous behavior to a class. Loosely based on Erlang's [gen_server](http://www.erlang.org/doc/man/gen_server.html).
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- * [Future](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Future.html): An asynchronous operation that produces a value.
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- * [Dataflow](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent.html#dataflow-class_method): Built on Futures, Dataflow allows you to create a task that will be scheduled when all of its data dependencies are available.
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- * [Promise](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Promise.html): Similar to Futures, with more features.
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- * [ScheduledTask](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/ScheduledTask.html): Like a Future scheduled for a specific future time.
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- * [TimerTask](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/TimerTask.html): A Thread that periodically wakes up to perform work at regular intervals.
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+ * [Async](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Async.html):
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+ A mixin module that provides simple asynchronous behavior to a class. Loosely based on Erlang's
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+ [gen_server](http://www.erlang.org/doc/man/gen_server.html).
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+ * [ScheduledTask](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/ScheduledTask.html):
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+ Like a Future scheduled for a specific future time.
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+ * [TimerTask](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/TimerTask.html):
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+ A Thread that periodically wakes up to perform work at regular intervals.
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+ * [Promises](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Promises.html):
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+ Unified implementation of futures and promises which combines features of previous `Future`,
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+ `Promise`, `IVar`, `Event`, `dataflow`, `Delay`, and (partially) `TimerTask` into a single
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+ framework. It extensively uses the new synchronization layer to make all the features
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+ **non-blocking** and **lock-free**, with the exception of obviously blocking operations like
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+ `#wait`, `#value`. It also offers better performance.
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  #### Thread-safe Value Objects, Structures, and Collections
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  Collection classes that were originally part of the (deprecated) `thread_safe` gem:
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- * [Array](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Array.html) A thread-safe subclass of Ruby's standard [Array](http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.2.0/Array.html).
69
- * [Hash](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Hash.html) A thread-safe subclass of Ruby's standard [Hash](http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.2.0/Hash.html).
70
- * [Map](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Map.html) A hash-like object that should have much better performance characteristics, especially under high concurrency, than `Concurrent::Hash`.
71
- * [Tuple](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Tuple.html) A fixed size array with volatile (synchronized, thread safe) getters/setters.
107
+ * [Array](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Array.html) A thread-safe
108
+ subclass of Ruby's standard [Array](http://ruby-doc.org/core/Array.html).
109
+ * [Hash](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Hash.html) A thread-safe
110
+ subclass of Ruby's standard [Hash](http://ruby-doc.org/core/Hash.html).
111
+ * [Set](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Set.html) A thread-safe
112
+ subclass of Ruby's standard [Set](http://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.4.0/libdoc/set/rdoc/Set.html).
113
+ * [Map](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Map.html) A hash-like object
114
+ that should have much better performance characteristics, especially under high concurrency,
115
+ than `Concurrent::Hash`.
116
+ * [Tuple](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Tuple.html) A fixed size
117
+ array with volatile (synchronized, thread safe) getters/setters.
72
118
 
73
119
  Value objects inspired by other languages:
74
120
 
75
- * [Maybe](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Maybe.html) A thread-safe, immutable object representing an optional value, based on
76
- [Haskell Data.Maybe](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/base-4.2.0.1/docs/Data-Maybe.html).
77
- * [Delay](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Delay.html) Lazy evaluation of a block yielding an immutable result. Based on Clojure's [delay](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Delay.html).
121
+ * [Maybe](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Maybe.html) A thread-safe,
122
+ immutable object representing an optional value, based on
123
+ [Haskell Data.Maybe](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/base-4.2.0.1/docs/Data-Maybe.html).
78
124
 
79
- Structure classes derived from Ruby's [Struct](http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.2.0/Struct.html):
125
+ Structure classes derived from Ruby's [Struct](http://ruby-doc.org/core/Struct.html):
80
126
 
81
- * [ImmutableStruct](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/ImmutableStruct.html) Immutable struct where values are set at construction and cannot be changed later.
82
- * [MutableStruct](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/MutableStruct.html) Synchronized, mutable struct where values can be safely changed at any time.
83
- * [SettableStruct](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/SettableStruct.html) Synchronized, write-once struct where values can be set at most once, either at construction or any time thereafter.
127
+ * [ImmutableStruct](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/ImmutableStruct.html)
128
+ Immutable struct where values are set at construction and cannot be changed later.
129
+ * [MutableStruct](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/MutableStruct.html)
130
+ Synchronized, mutable struct where values can be safely changed at any time.
131
+ * [SettableStruct](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/SettableStruct.html)
132
+ Synchronized, write-once struct where values can be set at most once, either at construction
133
+ or any time thereafter.
84
134
 
85
135
  Thread-safe variables:
86
136
 
87
- * [Agent](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Agent.html): A way to manage shared, mutable, *asynchronous*, independent state. Based on Clojure's [Agent](http://clojure.org/agents).
88
- * [Atom](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Atom.html): A way to manage shared, mutable, *synchronous*, independent state. Based on Clojure's [Atom](http://clojure.org/atoms).
89
- * [AtomicBoolean](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/AtomicBoolean.html) A boolean value that can be updated atomically.
90
- * [AtomicFixnum](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/AtomicFixnum.html) A numeric value that can be updated atomically.
91
- * [AtomicReference](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/MutexAtomic.html) An object reference that may be updated atomically.
92
- * [Exchanger](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Exchanger.html) A synchronization point at which threads can pair and swap elements within pairs. Based on Java's [Exchanger](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/Exchanger.html).
93
- * [MVar](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/MVar.html) A synchronized single element container. Based on Haskell's [MVar](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/base-4.8.1.0/docs/Control-Concurrent-MVar.html) and Scala's [MVar](http://docs.typelevel.org/api/scalaz/nightly/index.html#scalaz.concurrent.MVar$).
94
- * [ThreadLocalVar](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/ThreadLocalVar.html) A variable where the value is different for each thread.
95
- * [TVar](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/TVar.html) A transactional variable implementing software transactional memory (STM). Based on Clojure's [Ref](http://clojure.org/refs).
137
+ * [Agent](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Agent.html): A way to
138
+ manage shared, mutable, *asynchronous*, independent state. Based on Clojure's
139
+ [Agent](http://clojure.org/agents).
140
+ * [Atom](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Atom.html): A way to manage
141
+ shared, mutable, *synchronous*, independent state. Based on Clojure's
142
+ [Atom](http://clojure.org/atoms).
143
+ * [AtomicBoolean](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/AtomicBoolean.html)
144
+ A boolean value that can be updated atomically.
145
+ * [AtomicFixnum](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/AtomicFixnum.html)
146
+ A numeric value that can be updated atomically.
147
+ * [AtomicReference](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/AtomicReference.html)
148
+ An object reference that may be updated atomically.
149
+ * [Exchanger](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Exchanger.html)
150
+ A synchronization point at which threads can pair and swap elements within pairs. Based on
151
+ Java's [Exchanger](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/Exchanger.html).
152
+ * [MVar](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/MVar.html) A synchronized
153
+ single element container. Based on Haskell's
154
+ [MVar](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/base-4.8.1.0/docs/Control-Concurrent-MVar.html) and
155
+ Scala's [MVar](http://docs.typelevel.org/api/scalaz/nightly/index.html#scalaz.concurrent.MVar$).
156
+ * [ThreadLocalVar](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/ThreadLocalVar.html)
157
+ A variable where the value is different for each thread.
158
+ * [TVar](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/TVar.html) A transactional
159
+ variable implementing software transactional memory (STM). Based on Clojure's
160
+ [Ref](http://clojure.org/refs).
96
161
 
97
162
  #### Java-inspired ThreadPools and Other Executors
98
163
 
99
- * See the [thread pool](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/file.thread_pools.html) overview, which also contains a list of other Executors available.
164
+ * See the [thread pool](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/file.thread_pools.html)
165
+ overview, which also contains a list of other Executors available.
100
166
 
101
167
  #### Thread Synchronization Classes and Algorithms
102
168
 
103
- * [CountDownLatch](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/CountDownLatch.html) A synchronization object that allows one thread to wait on multiple other threads.
104
- * [CyclicBarrier](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/CyclicBarrier.html) A synchronization aid that allows a set of threads to all wait for each other to reach a common barrier point.
105
- * [Event](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Event.html) Old school kernel-style event.
106
- * [IVar](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/IVar.html) Similar to a "future" but can be manually assigned once, after which it becomes immutable.
107
- * [ReadWriteLock](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/ReadWriteLock.html) A lock that supports multiple readers but only one writer.
108
- * [ReentrantReadWriteLock](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/ReentrantReadWriteLock.html) A read/write lock with reentrant and upgrade features.
109
- * [Semaphore](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Semaphore.html) A counting-based locking mechanism that uses permits.
110
-
169
+ * [CountDownLatch](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/CountDownLatch.html)
170
+ A synchronization object that allows one thread to wait on multiple other threads.
171
+ * [CyclicBarrier](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/CyclicBarrier.html)
172
+ A synchronization aid that allows a set of threads to all wait for each other to reach a common barrier point.
173
+ * [Event](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Event.html) Old school
174
+ kernel-style event.
175
+ * [ReadWriteLock](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/ReadWriteLock.html)
176
+ A lock that supports multiple readers but only one writer.
177
+ * [ReentrantReadWriteLock](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/ReentrantReadWriteLock.html)
178
+ A read/write lock with reentrant and upgrade features.
179
+ * [Semaphore](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Semaphore.html)
180
+ A counting-based locking mechanism that uses permits.
181
+ * [AtomicMarkableReference](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/AtomicMarkableReference.html)
182
+
183
+ #### Deprecated
184
+
185
+ Deprecated features are still available and bugs are being fixed, but new features will not be added.
186
+
187
+ * ~~[Future](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Future.html):
188
+ An asynchronous operation that produces a value.~~ Replaced by
189
+ [Promises](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Promises.html).
190
+ * ~~[.dataflow](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent.html#dataflow-class_method):
191
+ Built on Futures, Dataflow allows you to create a task that will be scheduled when all of
192
+ its data dependencies are available.~~ Replaced by
193
+ [Promises](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Promises.html).
194
+ * ~~[Promise](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Promise.html): Similar
195
+ to Futures, with more features.~~ Replaced by
196
+ [Promises](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Promises.html).
197
+ * ~~[Delay](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Delay.html) Lazy evaluation
198
+ of a block yielding an immutable result. Based on Clojure's
199
+ [delay](https://clojuredocs.org/clojure.core/delay).~~ Replaced by
200
+ [Promises](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Promises.html).
201
+ * ~~[IVar](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/IVar.html) Similar to a
202
+ "future" but can be manually assigned once, after which it becomes immutable.~~ Replaced by
203
+ [Promises](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Promises.html).
204
+
111
205
  ### Edge Features
112
206
 
113
207
  These are available in the `concurrent-ruby-edge` companion gem.
114
208
 
115
209
  These features are under active development and may change frequently. They are expected not to
116
210
  keep backward compatibility (there may also lack tests and documentation). Semantic versions will
117
- be obeyed though. Features developed in `concurrent-ruby-edge` are expected to move to `concurrent-ruby` when final.
118
-
119
- * [Promises Framework](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Promises.html):
120
- Unified implementation of futures and promises which combines features of previous `Future`,
121
- `Promise`, `IVar`, `Event`, `dataflow`, `Delay`, and `TimerTask` into a single framework. It extensively uses the
122
- new synchronization layer to make all the features **non-blocking** and **lock-free**, with the exception of obviously blocking
123
- operations like `#wait`, `#value`. It also offers better performance.
124
- * [Actor](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Actor.html):
125
- Implements the Actor Model, where concurrent actors exchange messages.
126
- * [Channel](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Edge/Channel.html):
127
- Communicating Sequential Processes ([CSP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communicating_sequential_processes)).
128
- Functionally equivalent to Go [channels](https://tour.golang.org/concurrency/2) with additional
129
- inspiration from Clojure [core.async](https://clojure.github.io/core.async/).
130
- * [LazyRegister](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/LazyRegister.html)
131
- * [AtomicMarkableReference](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Edge/AtomicMarkableReference.html)
132
- * [LockFreeLinkedSet](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/Edge/LockFreeLinkedSet.html)
133
- * [LockFreeStack](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/Concurrent/LockFreeStack.html)
134
-
135
- #### Statuses:
136
-
137
- *Why are these not in core?*
138
-
139
- - **Promises Framework** - They are being finalized to be able to be moved to core. They'll deprecate old
140
- implementation.
141
- - **Actor** - Partial documentation and tests; depends on new future/promise framework; stability is good.
142
- - **Channel** - Brand new implementation; partial documentation and tests; stability is good.
143
- - **LazyRegister** - Missing documentation and tests.
144
- - **AtomicMarkableReference, LockFreeLinkedSet, LockFreeStack** - Need real world battle testing.
211
+ be obeyed though. Features developed in `concurrent-ruby-edge` are expected to move to
212
+ `concurrent-ruby` when final.
213
+
214
+ * [Actor](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Actor.html): Implements
215
+ the Actor Model, where concurrent actors exchange messages.
216
+ *Status: Partial documentation and tests; depends on new future/promise framework; stability is good.*
217
+ * [Channel](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Channel.html):
218
+ Communicating Sequential Processes ([CSP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communicating_sequential_processes)).
219
+ Functionally equivalent to Go [channels](https://tour.golang.org/concurrency/2) with additional
220
+ inspiration from Clojure [core.async](https://clojure.github.io/core.async/).
221
+ *Status: Partial documentation and tests.*
222
+ * [LazyRegister](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/LazyRegister.html)
223
+ * [LockFreeLinkedSet](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Edge/LockFreeLinkedSet.html)
224
+ *Status: will be moved to core soon.*
225
+ * [LockFreeStack](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/LockFreeStack.html)
226
+ *Status: missing documentation and tests.*
227
+ * [Promises::Channel](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Promises/Channel.html)
228
+ A first in first out channel that accepts messages with push family of methods and returns
229
+ messages with pop family of methods.
230
+ Pop and push operations can be represented as futures, see `#pop_op` and `#push_op`.
231
+ The capacity of the channel can be limited to support back pressure, use capacity option in `#initialize`.
232
+ `#pop` method blocks ans `#pop_op` returns pending future if there is no message in the channel.
233
+ If the capacity is limited the `#push` method blocks and `#push_op` returns pending future.
234
+ * [Cancellation](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Cancellation.html)
235
+ The Cancellation abstraction provides cooperative cancellation.
236
+
237
+ The standard methods `Thread#raise` of `Thread#kill` available in Ruby
238
+ are very dangerous (see linked the blog posts bellow).
239
+ Therefore concurrent-ruby provides an alternative.
240
+
241
+ * <https://jvns.ca/blog/2015/11/27/why-rubys-timeout-is-dangerous-and-thread-dot-raise-is-terrifying/>
242
+ * <http://www.mikeperham.com/2015/05/08/timeout-rubys-most-dangerous-api/>
243
+ * <http://blog.headius.com/2008/02/rubys-threadraise-threadkill-timeoutrb.html>
244
+
245
+ It provides an object which represents a task which can be executed,
246
+ the task has to get the reference to the object and periodically cooperatively check that it is not cancelled.
247
+ Good practices to make tasks cancellable:
248
+ * check cancellation every cycle of a loop which does significant work,
249
+ * do all blocking actions in a loop with a timeout then on timeout check cancellation
250
+ and if ok block again with the timeout
251
+ * [Throttle](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/Throttle.html)
252
+ A tool managing concurrency level of tasks.
253
+ * [ErlangActor](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/ErlangActor.html)
254
+ Actor implementation which precisely matches Erlang actor behaviour.
255
+ Requires at least Ruby 2.1 otherwise it's not loaded.
256
+ * [WrappingExecutor](http://ruby-concurrency.github.io/concurrent-ruby/master/Concurrent/WrappingExecutor.html)
257
+ A delegating executor which modifies each task before the task is given to
258
+ the target executor it delegates to.
259
+
260
+ ## Supported Ruby versions
261
+
262
+ * MRI 2.2 and above
263
+ * Latest JRuby 9000
264
+ * Latest TruffleRuby
265
+
266
+ The legacy support for Rubinius is kept for the moment but it is no longer maintained and is liable to be removed. If you would like to help
267
+ please respond to [#739](https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/issues/739).
145
268
 
146
269
  ## Usage
147
270
 
@@ -151,13 +274,16 @@ Everything within this gem can be loaded simply by requiring it:
151
274
  require 'concurrent'
152
275
  ```
153
276
 
277
+ *Requiring only specific abstractions from Concurrent Ruby is not yet supported.*
278
+
154
279
  To use the tools in the Edge gem it must be required separately:
155
280
 
156
281
  ```ruby
157
282
  require 'concurrent-edge'
158
283
  ```
159
284
 
160
- If the library does not behave as expected, `Concurrent.use_stdlib_logger(Logger::DEBUG)` could help to reveal the problem.
285
+ If the library does not behave as expected, `Concurrent.use_stdlib_logger(Logger::DEBUG)` could
286
+ help to reveal the problem.
161
287
 
162
288
  ## Installation
163
289
 
@@ -193,9 +319,9 @@ and run `bundle install` from your shell.
193
319
  ### C Extensions for MRI
194
320
 
195
321
  Potential performance improvements may be achieved under MRI by installing optional C extensions.
196
- To minimize installation errors the C extensions are available in the `concurrent-ruby-ext` extension
197
- gem. `concurrent-ruby` and `concurrent-ruby-ext` are always released together with same version.
198
- Simply install the extension gem too:
322
+ To minimise installation errors the C extensions are available in the `concurrent-ruby-ext`
323
+ extension gem. `concurrent-ruby` and `concurrent-ruby-ext` are always released together with same
324
+ version. Simply install the extension gem too:
199
325
 
200
326
  ```ruby
201
327
  gem install concurrent-ruby-ext
@@ -220,28 +346,59 @@ and load the appropriate C extensions.
220
346
 
221
347
  #### Note For gem developers
222
348
 
223
- No gems should depend on `concurrent-ruby-ext`. Doing so will force C extensions on your users.
224
- The best practice is to depend on `concurrent-ruby` and let users to decide if they want C extensions.
349
+ No gems should depend on `concurrent-ruby-ext`. Doing so will force C extensions on your users. The
350
+ best practice is to depend on `concurrent-ruby` and let users to decide if they want C extensions.
351
+
352
+ ## Building the gem
353
+
354
+ ### Requirements
355
+
356
+ * Recent CRuby
357
+ * JRuby, `rbenv install jruby-9.2.17.0`
358
+ * Set env variable `CONCURRENT_JRUBY_HOME` to point to it, e.g. `/usr/local/opt/rbenv/versions/jruby-9.2.17.0`
359
+ * Install Docker, required for Windows builds
360
+
361
+ ### Publishing the Gem
362
+
363
+ * Update `version.rb`
364
+ * Update the CHANGELOG
365
+ * Update the Yard documentation
366
+ - Add the new version to `docs-source/signpost.md`. Needs to be done only if there are visible changes in the
367
+ documentation.
368
+ - Run `bundle exec rake yard` to update the master documentation and signpost.
369
+ - Run `bundle exec rake yard:<new-version>` to add or update the documentation of the new version.
370
+ * Commit (and push) the changes.
371
+ * Use `be rake release` to release the gem. It consists
372
+ of `['release:checks', 'release:build', 'release:test', 'release:publish']` steps. It will ask at the end before
373
+ publishing anything. Steps can also be executed individually.
225
374
 
226
375
  ## Maintainers
227
376
 
228
- * [Petr Chalupa](https://github.com/pitr-ch) (lead maintainer)
229
- * [Jerry D'Antonio](https://github.com/jdantonio) (creator)
230
- * [Michele Della Torre](https://github.com/mighe)
231
- * [Chris Seaton](https://github.com/chrisseaton)
232
- * [Paweł Obrok](https://github.com/obrok)
233
- * [Lucas Allan](https://github.com/lucasallan)
377
+ * [Chris Seaton](https://github.com/chrisseaton) Lead maintainer, point-of-contact.
378
+ * [Benoit Daloze](https://github.com/eregon) — If Chris is not available Benoit can help.
234
379
 
235
- ### Special Thanks
380
+ ### Special Thanks to
236
381
 
382
+ * [Jerry D'Antonio](https://github.com/jdantonio) for creating the gem
237
383
  * [Brian Durand](https://github.com/bdurand) for the `ref` gem
238
384
  * [Charles Oliver Nutter](https://github.com/headius) for the `atomic` and `thread_safe` gems
239
385
  * [thedarkone](https://github.com/thedarkone) for the `thread_safe` gem
240
386
 
387
+ to the past maintainers
388
+
389
+ * [Petr Chalupa](https://github.com/pitr-ch)
390
+ * [Michele Della Torre](https://github.com/mighe)
391
+ * [Paweł Obrok](https://github.com/obrok)
392
+ * [Lucas Allan](https://github.com/lucasallan)
393
+
394
+ and to [Ruby Association](https://www.ruby.or.jp/en/) for sponsoring a project
395
+ ["Enhancing Ruby’s concurrency tooling"](https://www.ruby.or.jp/en/news/20181106) in 2018.
396
+
241
397
  ## License and Copyright
242
398
 
243
- *Concurrent Ruby* is free software released under the [MIT License](http://www.opensource.org/licenses/MIT).
399
+ *Concurrent Ruby* is free software released under the
400
+ [MIT License](http://www.opensource.org/licenses/MIT).
244
401
 
245
- The *Concurrent Ruby* [logo](https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/wiki/Logo)
246
- was designed by [David Jones](https://twitter.com/zombyboy).
247
- It is Copyright &copy; 2014 [Jerry D'Antonio](https://twitter.com/jerrydantonio). All Rights Reserved.
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+ The *Concurrent Ruby* [logo](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/master/docs-source/logo/concurrent-ruby-logo-300x300.png) was
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+ designed by [David Jones](https://twitter.com/zombyboy). It is Copyright &copy; 2014
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+ [Jerry D'Antonio](https://twitter.com/jerrydantonio). All Rights Reserved.