code_ownership 2.1.4 → 2.2.0

data/ext/cargo-vendor/codeowners-0.5.0/src/bin/codeowners-perf.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,719 @@
+//! Benchmark harness for `validate` and `generate_and_validate`.
+//!
+//! This binary exists to make performance claims checkable. It runs a fixed set of
+//! named cases against a configurable corpus, records wall-clock and per-phase
+//! timings, and emits JSON that can be diffed across branches.
+//!
+//! It is a local development tool: it is deliberately not wired into CI, because
+//! shared runners are too noisy for the 2-20s wall-clock comparisons we care about
+//! and have no large corpus available. See `perf/README.md`.
+
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::process::Command;
+use std::sync::{Mutex, OnceLock};
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+use clap::{Parser, Subcommand};
+use codeowners::config::Config;
+use codeowners::runner::{self, RunConfig, RunResult};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use tracing_subscriber::layer::{Context, Layer, SubscriberExt};
+use tracing_subscriber::registry::LookupSpan;
+use tracing_subscriber::util::SubscriberInitExt;
+
+/// Corpora smaller than this are smoke-test scale: every case completes in
+/// single-digit milliseconds and the numbers are not comparable to anything.
+const SMOKE_SCALE_MAX_FILES: usize = 1_000;
+
+#[derive(Parser)]
+#[command(about = "Performance harness for codeowners validate/generate", version)]
+struct Cli {
+    #[command(subcommand)]
+    command: Cmd,
+}
+
+#[derive(Subcommand)]
+enum Cmd {
+    /// Run benchmark cases against a corpus.
+    Run {
+        /// Corpus to measure against. Falls back to $CODEOWNERS_PERF_CORPUS, then
+        /// the committed test fixture.
+        #[arg(long)]
+        corpus: Option<PathBuf>,
+        /// Only run cases whose name contains this substring.
+        #[arg(long)]
+        case: Option<String>,
+        /// Timed runs per case; the best is reported.
+        #[arg(long, default_value_t = 3)]
+        runs: usize,
+        /// Untimed warmup runs per case, to settle the cache and page cache.
+        #[arg(long, default_value_t = 1)]
+        warmup: usize,
+        /// Emit JSON instead of a human-readable table.
+        #[arg(long)]
+        json: bool,
+    },
+    /// Diff two JSON reports into a markdown delta table.
+    Compare { baseline: PathBuf, candidate: PathBuf },
+    /// List the available case names.
+    Cases,
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Report model
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+struct Report {
+    tool_version: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    machine: MachineInfo,
+    corpus: CorpusInfo,
+    runs_per_case: usize,
+    cases: Vec<CaseResult>,
+}
+
+/// Enough to notice that two reports came from different machines. Wall-clock
+/// numbers are not portable across hardware, so comparing them is meaningless.
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+struct MachineInfo {
+    os: String,
+    arch: String,
+    cpus: usize,
+}
+
+impl MachineInfo {
+    fn detect() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            os: std::env::consts::OS.to_string(),
+            arch: std::env::consts::ARCH.to_string(),
+            cpus: std::thread::available_parallelism().map(Into::into).unwrap_or(0),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn describe(&self) -> String {
+        format!("{}/{} ({} cpus)", self.os, self.arch, self.cpus)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+struct CorpusInfo {
+    path: String,
+    git_commit: Option<String>,
+    tracked_files: usize,
+    owned_files: usize,
+    codeowners_lines: usize,
+    /// True when the corpus is too small for the numbers to mean anything.
+    smoke_scale: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+struct CaseResult {
+    name: String,
+    status: String,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    skip_reason: Option<String>,
+    file_count: usize,
+    runs_ms: Vec<u128>,
+    best_ms: u128,
+    median_ms: u128,
+    /// Span durations from the best run. Nested spans are inclusive of children,
+    /// so these do not sum to `best_ms`.
+    phases_ms: BTreeMap<String, u128>,
+    validation_errors: usize,
+    io_errors: usize,
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Phase collection
+//
+// The library is already instrumented with `#[instrument]` spans. We install a
+// subscriber layer that accumulates span durations by name into a global map,
+// clearing it between runs. Runs are strictly sequential, so a global is safe.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+fn phase_totals() -> &'static Mutex<BTreeMap<String, Duration>> {
+    static TOTALS: OnceLock<Mutex<BTreeMap<String, Duration>>> = OnceLock::new();
+    TOTALS.get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(BTreeMap::new()))
+}
+
+struct SpanStart(Instant);
+
+struct PhaseLayer;
+
+impl<S> Layer<S> for PhaseLayer
+where
+    S: tracing::Subscriber + for<'a> LookupSpan<'a>,
+{
+    fn on_new_span(&self, _attrs: &tracing::span::Attributes<'_>, id: &tracing::Id, ctx: Context<'_, S>) {
+        if let Some(span) = ctx.span(id) {
+            span.extensions_mut().insert(SpanStart(Instant::now()));
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn on_close(&self, id: tracing::Id, ctx: Context<'_, S>) {
+        let Some(span) = ctx.span(&id) else { return };
+        let elapsed = {
+            let ext = span.extensions();
+            match ext.get::<SpanStart>() {
+                Some(start) => start.0.elapsed(),
+                None => return,
+            }
+        };
+        let name = span.name().to_string();
+        if let Ok(mut totals) = phase_totals().lock() {
+            *totals.entry(name).or_default() += elapsed;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn reset_phases() {
+    if let Ok(mut totals) = phase_totals().lock() {
+        totals.clear();
+    }
+}
+
+fn take_phases() -> BTreeMap<String, u128> {
+    match phase_totals().lock() {
+        Ok(totals) => totals.iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.as_millis())).collect(),
+        Err(_) => BTreeMap::new(),
+    }
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Corpus resolution
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+fn resolve_corpus(flag: Option<PathBuf>) -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
+    let candidate = if let Some(path) = flag {
+        path
+    } else if let Some(env) = std::env::var_os("CODEOWNERS_PERF_CORPUS").filter(|v| !v.is_empty()) {
+        PathBuf::from(env)
+    } else {
+        // The committed fixture: self-contained, works on a clean clone, and keeps
+        // any reference to a specific large monorepo out of the repository.
+        PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")).join("tests/fixtures/valid_project")
+    };
+
+    let corpus = candidate
+        .canonicalize()
+        .map_err(|e| format!("corpus {} is not readable: {e}", candidate.display()))?;
+
+    let config = corpus.join("config/code_ownership.yml");
+    if !config.is_file() {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "corpus {} has no config/code_ownership.yml — is it a codeowners project?",
+            corpus.display()
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(corpus)
+}
+
+fn git_output(dir: &Path, args: &[&str]) -> Option<String> {
+    let out = Command::new("git").arg("-C").arg(dir).args(args).output().ok()?;
+    if !out.status.success() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some(String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stdout).into_owned())
+}
+
+/// Tracked files in the corpus, relative to its root.
+fn tracked_files(corpus: &Path) -> Vec<String> {
+    match git_output(corpus, &["ls-files"]) {
+        Some(stdout) => stdout.lines().map(str::to_string).collect(),
+        None => Vec::new(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn matches_any(path: &str, globs: &[String]) -> bool {
+    globs.iter().any(|glob| fast_glob::glob_match(glob, path))
+}
+
+/// The deterministic candidate pool for `validate <files>` cases: tracked files
+/// that survive the same owned/unowned glob filter `validate_files` applies, in
+/// sorted order so every branch measures the same paths.
+fn owned_file_pool(tracked: &[String], config: &Config) -> Vec<String> {
+    let mut pool: Vec<String> = tracked
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|path| matches_any(path, &config.owned_globs) && !matches_any(path, &config.unowned_globs))
+        .cloned()
+        .collect();
+    pool.sort();
+    pool.dedup();
+    pool
+}
+
+fn codeowners_path(corpus: &Path, config: &Config) -> PathBuf {
+    corpus.join(&config.codeowners_path).join("CODEOWNERS")
+}
+
+/// Restores the corpus CODEOWNERS file on drop.
+///
+/// `generate` and `generate-and-validate` write to the corpus. Leaving someone's
+/// working repo modified because they ran a benchmark is not acceptable, so we
+/// snapshot the file up front and put it back afterwards.
+struct CodeownersGuard {
+    path: PathBuf,
+    original: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl CodeownersGuard {
+    fn acquire(corpus: &Path, config: &Config) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        let path = codeowners_path(corpus, config);
+
+        // Refuse to run against a corpus whose CODEOWNERS is already modified: we
+        // could not tell our own writes apart from the user's, and restoring would
+        // silently clobber their work.
+        if let Some(relative) = path.strip_prefix(corpus).ok().map(|p| p.to_string_lossy().into_owned())
+            && let Some(status) = git_output(corpus, &["status", "--porcelain", "--", &relative])
+            && !status.trim().is_empty()
+        {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "corpus CODEOWNERS has uncommitted changes ({}). Commit or stash it first — \
+                 the harness rewrites this file and restores it afterwards.",
+                relative.trim()
+            ));
+        }
+
+        let original = std::fs::read_to_string(&path).ok();
+        Ok(Self { path, original })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for CodeownersGuard {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        if let Some(original) = &self.original
+            && let Err(e) = std::fs::write(&self.path, original)
+        {
+            eprintln!("warning: failed to restore {}: {e}", self.path.display());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Cases
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+enum Kind {
+    Generate,
+    Validate,
+    GenerateAndValidate,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+struct Case {
+    name: &'static str,
+    kind: Kind,
+    files: usize,
+    no_cache: bool,
+}
+
+const CASES: &[Case] = &[
+    Case {
+        name: "generate",
+        kind: Kind::Generate,
+        files: 0,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+    Case {
+        name: "validate_all",
+        kind: Kind::Validate,
+        files: 0,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+    Case {
+        name: "gv",
+        kind: Kind::GenerateAndValidate,
+        files: 0,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+    // `gv <paths>` is the likely real-world pre-commit / CI invocation, and it is
+    // not interchangeable with `validate <paths>`: generate needs the project
+    // build, so an optimization that bypasses that build cannot apply here.
+    // Measured separately so a win on `validate <paths>` is never mistaken for a
+    // win on the command people actually run.
+    Case {
+        name: "gv_files_100",
+        kind: Kind::GenerateAndValidate,
+        files: 100,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+    Case {
+        name: "gv_files_1000",
+        kind: Kind::GenerateAndValidate,
+        files: 1000,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+    Case {
+        name: "validate_all_cold",
+        kind: Kind::Validate,
+        files: 0,
+        no_cache: true,
+    },
+    Case {
+        name: "validate_files_1",
+        kind: Kind::Validate,
+        files: 1,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+    Case {
+        name: "validate_files_100",
+        kind: Kind::Validate,
+        files: 100,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+    Case {
+        name: "validate_files_1000",
+        kind: Kind::Validate,
+        files: 1000,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+    Case {
+        name: "validate_files_2000",
+        kind: Kind::Validate,
+        files: 2000,
+        no_cache: false,
+    },
+];
+
+fn run_case(case: &Case, corpus: &Path, files: &[String]) -> RunResult {
+    let run_config = RunConfig {
+        project_root: corpus.to_path_buf(),
+        config_path: corpus.join("config/code_ownership.yml"),
+        codeowners_file_path: None,
+        no_cache: case.no_cache,
+        executable_name: None,
+    };
+    let files = files.to_vec();
+    match case.kind {
+        Kind::Generate => runner::generate(&run_config, false),
+        Kind::Validate => runner::validate(&run_config, files),
+        Kind::GenerateAndValidate => runner::generate_and_validate(&run_config, files, false),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Observed run-to-run spread (max - min). The harness's own precision floor for
+/// a case: deltas smaller than this cannot be distinguished from noise.
+fn spread(runs: &[u128]) -> u128 {
+    match (runs.iter().min(), runs.iter().max()) {
+        (Some(lo), Some(hi)) => hi - lo,
+        _ => 0,
+    }
+}
+
+fn median(sorted: &[u128]) -> u128 {
+    match sorted.len() {
+        0 => 0,
+        n => sorted[n / 2],
+    }
+}
+
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+fn measure(case: &Case, corpus: &Path, pool: &[String], runs: usize, warmup: usize) -> CaseResult {
+    if case.files > pool.len() {
+        return CaseResult {
+            name: case.name.to_string(),
+            status: "skipped".to_string(),
+            skip_reason: Some(format!("needs {} owned files, corpus has {}", case.files, pool.len())),
+            file_count: 0,
+            runs_ms: vec![],
+            best_ms: 0,
+            median_ms: 0,
+            phases_ms: BTreeMap::new(),
+            validation_errors: 0,
+            io_errors: 0,
+        };
+    }
+
+    let files: Vec<String> = pool.iter().take(case.files).cloned().collect();
+
+    // The filter regression that fooled me during profiling: a bad argument list
+    // silently matches nothing and the per-file loop never runs, producing a
+    // suspiciously fast number. Fail loudly instead.
+    assert_eq!(
+        files.len(),
+        case.files,
+        "case {} expected {} paths but built {}",
+        case.name,
+        case.files,
+        files.len()
+    );
+
+    for _ in 0..warmup {
+        run_case(case, corpus, &files);
+    }
+
+    let mut timings = Vec::with_capacity(runs);
+    let mut phases = BTreeMap::new();
+    let mut last = RunResult::default();
+    let mut best = u128::MAX;
+
+    for _ in 0..runs.max(1) {
+        reset_phases();
+        let start = Instant::now();
+        let result = run_case(case, corpus, &files);
+        let elapsed = start.elapsed().as_millis();
+        timings.push(elapsed);
+        if elapsed < best {
+            best = elapsed;
+            phases = take_phases();
+        }
+        last = result;
+    }
+
+    let mut sorted = timings.clone();
+    sorted.sort_unstable();
+
+    CaseResult {
+        name: case.name.to_string(),
+        status: "ok".to_string(),
+        skip_reason: None,
+        file_count: case.files,
+        best_ms: sorted.first().copied().unwrap_or(0),
+        median_ms: median(&sorted),
+        runs_ms: timings,
+        phases_ms: phases,
+        validation_errors: last.validation_errors.len(),
+        io_errors: last.io_errors.len(),
+    }
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Commands
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+fn cmd_run(corpus: Option<PathBuf>, case_filter: Option<String>, runs: usize, warmup: usize, json: bool) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let corpus = resolve_corpus(corpus)?;
+    let config = Config::load_from_path(&corpus.join("config/code_ownership.yml"))?;
+
+    let tracked = tracked_files(&corpus);
+    let pool = owned_file_pool(&tracked, &config);
+    let codeowners_lines = std::fs::read_to_string(codeowners_path(&corpus, &config))
+        .map(|s| s.lines().count())
+        .unwrap_or(0);
+
+    let info = CorpusInfo {
+        path: corpus.to_string_lossy().into_owned(),
+        git_commit: git_output(&corpus, &["rev-parse", "HEAD"]).map(|s| s.trim().to_string()),
+        tracked_files: tracked.len(),
+        owned_files: pool.len(),
+        codeowners_lines,
+        smoke_scale: tracked.len() < SMOKE_SCALE_MAX_FILES,
+    };
+
+    if info.smoke_scale && !json {
+        eprintln!(
+            "warning: corpus is {} ({} tracked files) — smoke-test scale.\n\
+             \x20        Results are NOT comparable. Set CODEOWNERS_PERF_CORPUS to a large monorepo\n\
+             \x20        (see perf/README.md) for real measurements.\n",
+            info.path, info.tracked_files
+        );
+    }
+
+    // Held for the whole run; restores the corpus CODEOWNERS on drop.
+    let _guard = CodeownersGuard::acquire(&corpus, &config)?;
+
+    let selected: Vec<&Case> = CASES
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|c| case_filter.as_ref().is_none_or(|f| c.name.contains(f.as_str())))
+        .collect();
+    if selected.is_empty() {
+        return Err("no cases matched --case".to_string());
+    }
+
+    let mut results = Vec::new();
+    for case in selected {
+        if !json {
+            eprint!("  {} ... ", case.name);
+        }
+        let result = measure(case, &corpus, &pool, runs, warmup);
+        if !json {
+            match result.status.as_str() {
+                "skipped" => eprintln!("skipped ({})", result.skip_reason.clone().unwrap_or_default()),
+                _ => eprintln!("{} ms", result.best_ms),
+            }
+        }
+        results.push(result);
+    }
+
+    let report = Report {
+        tool_version: runner::version(),
+        machine: MachineInfo::detect(),
+        corpus: info,
+        runs_per_case: runs,
+        cases: results,
+    };
+
+    if json {
+        println!("{}", serde_json::to_string_pretty(&report).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?);
+    } else {
+        print_table(&report);
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn print_table(report: &Report) {
+    println!();
+    println!("corpus:    {}", report.corpus.path);
+    println!("machine:   {}", report.machine.describe());
+    println!(
+        "scale:     {} tracked files, {} owned, {} CODEOWNERS lines{}",
+        report.corpus.tracked_files,
+        report.corpus.owned_files,
+        report.corpus.codeowners_lines,
+        if report.corpus.smoke_scale { "  [SMOKE SCALE]" } else { "" }
+    );
+    if let Some(commit) = &report.corpus.git_commit {
+        println!("commit:    {commit}");
+    }
+    println!("runs:      {} (best reported)", report.runs_per_case);
+    println!();
+    println!("{:<22} {:>10} {:>10}  notes", "case", "best", "median");
+    println!("{}", "-".repeat(72));
+    for case in &report.cases {
+        if case.status == "skipped" {
+            println!(
+                "{:<22} {:>10} {:>10}  {}",
+                case.name,
+                "-",
+                "-",
+                case.skip_reason.clone().unwrap_or_default()
+            );
+            continue;
+        }
+        let notes = if case.validation_errors > 0 || case.io_errors > 0 {
+            format!("{} validation, {} io errors", case.validation_errors, case.io_errors)
+        } else {
+            String::new()
+        };
+        println!("{:<22} {:>9}ms {:>9}ms  {}", case.name, case.best_ms, case.median_ms, notes);
+    }
+
+    println!();
+    println!("phase breakdown (best run, nested spans are inclusive of children)");
+    println!("{}", "-".repeat(72));
+    for case in &report.cases {
+        if case.phases_ms.is_empty() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        println!("{}:", case.name);
+        for (phase, ms) in &case.phases_ms {
+            println!("    {phase:<34} {ms:>7}ms");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn read_report(path: &Path) -> Result<Report, String> {
+    let text = std::fs::read_to_string(path).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", path.display()))?;
+    serde_json::from_str(&text).map_err(|e| format!("{}: {e}", path.display()))
+}
+
+fn cmd_compare(baseline_path: &Path, candidate_path: &Path) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let baseline = read_report(baseline_path)?;
+    let candidate = read_report(candidate_path)?;
+
+    // Comparing across corpora is the subtle version of the smoke-scale mistake:
+    // a fixture-measured branch against a monorepo-measured baseline reads as a
+    // spectacular speedup. Refuse rather than mislead.
+    if baseline.corpus.path != candidate.corpus.path {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "refusing to compare: different corpora\n  baseline:  {}\n  candidate: {}",
+            baseline.corpus.path, candidate.corpus.path
+        ));
+    }
+    if baseline.corpus.git_commit != candidate.corpus.git_commit {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "refusing to compare: corpus moved between runs\n  baseline:  {:?}\n  candidate: {:?}\n\
+             Re-measure both sides against the same corpus commit.",
+            baseline.corpus.git_commit, candidate.corpus.git_commit
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let candidates: BTreeMap<&str, &CaseResult> = candidate.cases.iter().map(|c| (c.name.as_str(), c)).collect();
+
+    println!("corpus: {} ({} tracked files)", baseline.corpus.path, baseline.corpus.tracked_files);
+    println!("machine: {}", baseline.machine.describe());
+    if baseline.corpus.smoke_scale {
+        println!();
+        println!("**Smoke-scale corpus — these numbers are not meaningful for comparison.**");
+    }
+    // Not fatal like a corpus mismatch, but wall-clock across different hardware
+    // is not a like-for-like comparison and the reader needs to know.
+    if baseline.machine != candidate.machine {
+        println!();
+        println!(
+            "**Warning: different machines ({} vs {}). Wall-clock numbers are not comparable across hardware.**",
+            baseline.machine.describe(),
+            candidate.machine.describe()
+        );
+    }
+    println!();
+    println!("| Case | Baseline | Candidate | Delta | Speedup | Noise | Verdict |");
+    println!("|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---|");
+    for base in &baseline.cases {
+        let Some(cand) = candidates.get(base.name.as_str()) else {
+            println!("| {} | {}ms | — | missing | — | — | — |", base.name, base.best_ms);
+            continue;
+        };
+        if base.status == "skipped" || cand.status == "skipped" {
+            println!("| {} | skipped | skipped | — | — | — | — |", base.name);
+            continue;
+        }
+        let delta = cand.best_ms as i128 - base.best_ms as i128;
+        let speedup = if cand.best_ms > 0 {
+            base.best_ms as f64 / cand.best_ms as f64
+        } else {
+            0.0
+        };
+        // A delta smaller than the run-to-run spread is not a result. Reporting
+        // `best` alone hides this: min-of-N is a biased estimator with no
+        // dispersion attached, so a 3% "win" on a case that swings 40% between
+        // runs reads exactly like a real one.
+        let noise = spread(&base.runs_ms).max(spread(&cand.runs_ms));
+        let verdict = if delta.unsigned_abs() <= noise { "**within noise**" } else { "" };
+        println!(
+            "| {} | {}ms | {}ms | {}{}ms | {:.2}x | ±{}ms | {} |",
+            base.name,
+            base.best_ms,
+            cand.best_ms,
+            if delta > 0 { "+" } else { "" },
+            delta,
+            speedup,
+            noise,
+            verdict
+        );
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    tracing_subscriber::registry()
+        .with(PhaseLayer)
+        .with(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::new("codeowners=debug"))
+        .init();
+
+    let cli = Cli::parse();
+    let result = match cli.command {
+        Cmd::Run {
+            corpus,
+            case,
+            runs,
+            warmup,
+            json,
+        } => cmd_run(corpus, case, runs, warmup, json),
+        Cmd::Compare { baseline, candidate } => cmd_compare(&baseline, &candidate),
+        Cmd::Cases => {
+            for case in CASES {
+                println!("{}", case.name);
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    };
+
+    if let Err(err) = result {
+        eprintln!("error: {err}");
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+}