chef-config 14.1.1 → 14.1.12

data/lib/chef-config.rb

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
-#
-# Copyright:: Copyright 2015-2016, Chef Software, Inc.
-# License:: Apache License, Version 2.0
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-#
-
-module ChefConfig
-
-end
+#
+# Copyright:: Copyright 2015-2016, Chef Software, Inc.
+# License:: Apache License, Version 2.0
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+module ChefConfig
+
+end

data/lib/chef-config/config.rb

@@ -1,1125 +1,1125 @@
-#
-# Author:: Adam Jacob (<adam@chef.io>)
-# Author:: Christopher Brown (<cb@chef.io>)
-# Author:: AJ Christensen (<aj@chef.io>)
-# Author:: Mark Mzyk (<mmzyk@chef.io>)
-# Author:: Kyle Goodwin (<kgoodwin@primerevenue.com>)
-# Copyright:: Copyright 2008-2018, Chef Software Inc.
-# License:: Apache License, Version 2.0
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-require "mixlib/config"
-require "pathname"
-
-require "chef-config/fips"
-require "chef-config/logger"
-require "chef-config/windows"
-require "chef-config/path_helper"
-require "chef-config/mixin/fuzzy_hostname_matcher"
-
-require "mixlib/shellout"
-require "uri"
-require "addressable/uri"
-require "openssl"
-require "yaml"
-
-module ChefConfig
-
-  class Config
-
-    extend Mixlib::Config
-    extend ChefConfig::Mixin::FuzzyHostnameMatcher
-
-    # Evaluates the given string as config.
-    #
-    # +filename+ is used for context in stacktraces, but doesn't need to be the name of an actual file.
-    def self.from_string(string, filename)
-      instance_eval(string, filename, 1)
-    end
-
-    def self.inspect
-      configuration.inspect
-    end
-
-    # given a *nix style config path return the platform specific path
-    # to that same config file
-    # @example client.pem path on Windows
-    #   platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/client.pem") #=> "C:\\chef\\client.pem"
-    # @param path [String] The unix path to convert to a platform specific path
-    # @return [String] a platform specific path
-    def self.platform_specific_path(path)
-      path = PathHelper.cleanpath(path)
-      if ChefConfig.windows?
-        # turns \etc\chef\client.rb and \var\chef\client.rb into C:/chef/client.rb
-        # Some installations will be on different drives so use the drive that
-        # the expanded path to __FILE__ is found.
-        drive = windows_installation_drive
-        if drive && path[0] == '\\' && path.split('\\')[2] == "chef"
-          path = PathHelper.join(drive, path.split('\\', 3)[2])
-        end
-      end
-      path
-    end
-
-    # the drive where Chef is installed on a windows host. This is determined
-    # either by the drive containing the current file or by the SYSTEMDRIVE ENV
-    # variable
-    #
-    # @return [String] the drive letter
-    def self.windows_installation_drive
-      if ChefConfig.windows?
-        drive = File.expand_path(__FILE__).split("/", 2)[0]
-        drive = ENV["SYSTEMDRIVE"] if drive.to_s == ""
-        drive
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.add_formatter(name, file_path = nil)
-      formatters << [name, file_path]
-    end
-
-    def self.add_event_logger(logger)
-      event_handlers << logger
-    end
-
-    def self.apply_extra_config_options(extra_config_options)
-      if extra_config_options
-        extra_parsed_options = extra_config_options.inject({}) do |memo, option|
-          # Sanity check value.
-          if option.empty? || !option.include?("=")
-            raise UnparsableConfigOption, "Unparsable config option #{option.inspect}"
-          end
-          # Split including whitespace if someone does truly odd like
-          # --config-option "foo = bar"
-          key, value = option.split(/\s*=\s*/, 2)
-          # Call to_sym because Chef::Config expects only symbol keys. Also
-          # runs a simple parse on the string for some common types.
-          memo[key.to_sym] = YAML.safe_load(value)
-          memo
-        end
-        merge!(extra_parsed_options)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Config file to load (client.rb, knife.rb, etc. defaults set differently in knife, chef-client, etc.)
-    configurable(:config_file)
-
-    default(:config_dir) do
-      if config_file
-        PathHelper.dirname(PathHelper.canonical_path(config_file, false))
-      else
-        PathHelper.join(user_home, ".chef", "")
-      end
-    end
-
-    default :formatters, []
-
-    def self.is_valid_url?(uri)
-      url = uri.to_s.strip
-      /^http:\/\// =~ url || /^https:\/\// =~ url || /^chefzero:/ =~ url
-    end
-    # Override the config dispatch to set the value of multiple server options simultaneously
-    #
-    # === Parameters
-    # url<String>:: String to be set for all of the chef-server-api URL's
-    #
-    configurable(:chef_server_url).writes_value do |uri|
-      unless is_valid_url? uri
-        raise ConfigurationError, "#{uri} is an invalid chef_server_url."
-      end
-      uri.to_s.strip
-    end
-
-    # When you are using ActiveSupport, they monkey-patch 'daemonize' into Kernel.
-    # So while this is basically identical to what method_missing would do, we pull
-    # it up here and get a real method written so that things get dispatched
-    # properly.
-    configurable(:daemonize).writes_value { |v| v }
-
-    # The root where all local chef object data is stored.  cookbooks, data bags,
-    # environments are all assumed to be in separate directories under this.
-    # chef-solo uses these directories for input data.  knife commands
-    # that upload or download files (such as knife upload, knife role from file,
-    # etc.) work.
-    default :chef_repo_path do
-      if configuration[:cookbook_path]
-        if configuration[:cookbook_path].kind_of?(String)
-          File.expand_path("..", configuration[:cookbook_path])
-        else
-          configuration[:cookbook_path].map do |path|
-            File.expand_path("..", path)
-          end
-        end
-      elsif configuration[:cookbook_artifact_path]
-        File.expand_path("..", configuration[:cookbook_artifact_path])
-      else
-        cache_path
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.find_chef_repo_path(cwd)
-      # In local mode, we auto-discover the repo root by looking for a path with "cookbooks" under it.
-      # This allows us to run config-free.
-      path = cwd
-      until File.directory?(PathHelper.join(path, "cookbooks")) || File.directory?(PathHelper.join(path, "cookbook_artifacts"))
-        new_path = File.expand_path("..", path)
-        if new_path == path
-          ChefConfig.logger.warn("No cookbooks directory found at or above current directory.  Assuming #{cwd}.")
-          return cwd
-        end
-        path = new_path
-      end
-      ChefConfig.logger.info("Auto-discovered chef repository at #{path}")
-      path
-    end
-
-    def self.derive_path_from_chef_repo_path(child_path)
-      if chef_repo_path.kind_of?(String)
-        PathHelper.join(chef_repo_path, child_path)
-      else
-        chef_repo_path.uniq.map { |path| PathHelper.join(path, child_path) }
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Location of acls on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/acls.
-    default(:acl_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("acls") }
-
-    # Location of clients on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/clients.
-    default(:client_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("clients") }
-
-    # Location of client keys on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/client_keys.
-    default(:client_key_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("client_keys") }
-
-    # Location of containers on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/containers.
-    default(:container_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("containers") }
-
-    # Location of cookbook_artifacts on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/cookbook_artifacts.
-    default(:cookbook_artifact_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("cookbook_artifacts") }
-
-    # Location of cookbooks on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/cookbooks.  If chef_repo_path
-    # is not specified, this is set to [/var/chef/cookbooks, /var/chef/site-cookbooks]).
-    default(:cookbook_path) do
-      if configuration[:chef_repo_path]
-        derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("cookbooks")
-      else
-        Array(derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("cookbooks")).flatten +
-          Array(derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("site-cookbooks")).flatten
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Location of data bags on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/data_bags.
-    default(:data_bag_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("data_bags") }
-
-    # Location of environments on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/environments.
-    default(:environment_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("environments") }
-
-    # Location of groups on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/groups.
-    default(:group_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("groups") }
-
-    # Location of nodes on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/nodes.
-    default(:node_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("nodes") }
-
-    # Location of policies on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/policies.
-    default(:policy_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("policies") }
-
-    # Location of policy_groups on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/policy_groups.
-    default(:policy_group_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("policy_groups") }
-
-    # Location of roles on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/roles.
-    default(:role_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("roles") }
-
-    # Location of users on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/users.
-    default(:user_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("users") }
-
-    # Location of policies on disk. String or array of strings.
-    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/policies.
-    default(:policy_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("policies") }
-
-    # Turn on "path sanity" by default.
-    default :enforce_path_sanity, false
-
-    # Formatted Chef Client output is a beta feature, disabled by default:
-    default :formatter, "null"
-
-    # The number of times the client should retry when registering with the server
-    default :client_registration_retries, 5
-
-    # An array of paths to search for knife exec scripts if they aren't in the current directory
-    default :script_path, []
-
-    # The root of all caches (checksums, cache and backup).  If local mode is on,
-    # this is under the user's home directory.
-    default(:cache_path) do
-      if local_mode
-        PathHelper.join(config_dir, "local-mode-cache")
-      else
-        primary_cache_root = platform_specific_path("/var")
-        primary_cache_path = platform_specific_path("/var/chef")
-        # Use /var/chef as the cache path only if that folder exists and we can read and write
-        # into it, or /var exists and we can read and write into it (we'll create /var/chef later).
-        # Otherwise, we'll create .chef under the user's home directory and use that as
-        # the cache path.
-        unless path_accessible?(primary_cache_path) || path_accessible?(primary_cache_root)
-          secondary_cache_path = PathHelper.join(user_home, ".chef")
-          ChefConfig.logger.info("Unable to access cache at #{primary_cache_path}. Switching cache to #{secondary_cache_path}")
-          secondary_cache_path
-        else
-          primary_cache_path
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Returns true only if the path exists and is readable and writeable for the user.
-    def self.path_accessible?(path)
-      File.exists?(path) && File.readable?(path) && File.writable?(path)
-    end
-
-    # Where cookbook files are stored on the server (by content checksum)
-    default(:checksum_path) { PathHelper.join(cache_path, "checksums") }
-
-    # Where chef's cache files should be stored
-    default(:file_cache_path) { PathHelper.join(cache_path, "cache") }
-
-    # Where backups of chef-managed files should go
-    default(:file_backup_path) { PathHelper.join(cache_path, "backup") }
-
-    # The chef-client (or solo) lockfile.
-    #
-    # If your `file_cache_path` resides on a NFS (or non-flock()-supporting
-    # fs), it's recommended to set this to something like
-    # '/tmp/chef-client-running.pid'
-    default(:lockfile) { PathHelper.join(file_cache_path, "chef-client-running.pid") }
-
-    ## Daemonization Settings ##
-    # What user should Chef run as?
-    default :user, nil
-    default :group, nil
-    default :umask, 0022
-
-    # Valid log_levels are:
-    # * :trace
-    # * :debug
-    # * :info
-    # * :warn
-    # * :fatal
-    # These work as you'd expect. There is also a special `:auto` setting.
-    # When set to :auto, Chef will auto adjust the log verbosity based on
-    # context. When a tty is available (usually because the user is running chef
-    # in a console), the log level is set to :warn, and output formatters are
-    # used as the primary mode of output. When a tty is not available, the
-    # logger is the primary mode of output, and the log level is set to :info
-    default :log_level, :auto
-
-    # Logging location as either an IO stream or string representing log file path
-    default :log_location, STDOUT
-
-    # Using `force_formatter` causes chef to default to formatter output when STDOUT is not a tty
-    default :force_formatter, false
-
-    # Using `force_logger` causes chef to default to logger output when STDOUT is a tty
-    default :force_logger, false
-
-    # Using 'stream_execute_output' will have Chef always stream the execute output
-    default :stream_execute_output, false
-
-    # Using `show_download_progress` will display the overall progress
-    # of a remote file download
-    default :show_download_progress, false
-    # How often to update the progress meter, in percent
-    default :download_progress_interval, 10
-
-    default :http_retry_count, 5
-    default :http_retry_delay, 5
-    # Whether or not to send the Authorization header again on http redirects.
-    # As per the plan in https://github.com/chef/chef/pull/7006, this will be
-    # False in Chef 14, True in Chef 15, and will be removed entirely in Chef 16.
-    default :http_disable_auth_on_redirect, false
-
-    default :interval, nil
-    default :once, nil
-    default :json_attribs, nil
-    # toggle info level log items that can create a lot of output
-    default :verbose_logging, true
-    default :node_name, nil
-    default :diff_disabled,           false
-    default :diff_filesize_threshold, 10000000
-    default :diff_output_threshold,   1000000
-    default :local_mode, false
-
-    # Configures the mode of operation for ChefFS, which is applied to the
-    # ChefFS-based knife commands and chef-client's local mode. (ChefFS-based
-    # knife commands include: knife delete, knife deps, knife diff, knife down,
-    # knife edit, knife list, knife show, knife upload, and knife xargs.)
-    #
-    # Valid values are:
-    # * "static": ChefFS only manages objects that exist in a traditional Chef
-    #   Repo as of Chef 11.
-    # * "everything": ChefFS manages all object types that existed on the OSS
-    #   Chef 11 server.
-    # * "hosted_everything": ChefFS manages all object types as of the Chef 12
-    #   Server, including RBAC objects and Policyfile objects (new to Chef 12).
-    default :repo_mode do
-      if local_mode && !chef_zero.osc_compat
-        "hosted_everything"
-      elsif chef_server_url =~ /\/+organizations\/.+/
-        "hosted_everything"
-      else
-        "everything"
-      end
-    end
-
-    default :pid_file, nil
-
-    # Whether Chef Zero local mode should bind to a port. All internal requests
-    # will go through the socketless code path regardless, so the socket is
-    # only needed if other processes will connect to the local mode server.
-    default :listen, false
-
-    config_context :chef_zero do
-      config_strict_mode true
-      default(:enabled) { ChefConfig::Config.local_mode }
-      default :host, "localhost"
-      default :port, 8889.upto(9999) # Will try ports from 8889-9999 until one works
-
-      # When set to a String, Chef Zero disables multitenant support.  This is
-      # what you want when using Chef Zero to serve a single Chef Repo. Setting
-      # this to `false` enables multi-tenant.
-      default :single_org, "chef"
-
-      # Whether Chef Zero should operate in a mode analogous to OSS Chef Server
-      # 11 (true) or Chef Server 12 (false). Chef Zero can still serve
-      # policyfile objects in Chef 11 mode, as long as `repo_mode` is set to
-      # "hosted_everything". The primary differences are:
-      # * Chef 11 mode doesn't support multi-tennant, so there is no
-      #   distinction between global and org-specific objects (since there are
-      #   no orgs).
-      # * Chef 11 mode doesn't expose RBAC objects
-      default :osc_compat, false
-    end
-    default :chef_server_url, "https://localhost:443"
-
-    default(:chef_server_root) do
-      # if the chef_server_url is a path to an organization, aka
-      # 'some_url.../organizations/*' then remove the '/organization/*' by default
-      if configuration[:chef_server_url] =~ /\/organizations\/\S*$/
-        configuration[:chef_server_url].split("/")[0..-3].join("/")
-      elsif configuration[:chef_server_url] # default to whatever chef_server_url is
-        configuration[:chef_server_url]
-      else
-        "https://localhost:443"
-      end
-    end
-
-    default :rest_timeout, 300
-    default :yum_timeout, 900
-    default :yum_lock_timeout, 30
-    default :solo, false
-
-    # Are we running in old Chef Solo legacy mode?
-    default :solo_legacy_mode, false
-
-    default :splay, nil
-    default :why_run, false
-    default :color, false
-    default :client_fork, nil
-    default :ez, false
-    default :enable_reporting, true
-    default :enable_reporting_url_fatals, false
-    # Possible values for :audit_mode
-    # :enabled, :disabled, :audit_only,
-    #
-    # TODO: 11 Dec 2014: Currently audit-mode is an experimental feature
-    # and is disabled by default. When users choose to enable audit-mode,
-    # a warning is issued in application/client#reconfigure.
-    # This can be removed when audit-mode is enabled by default.
-    default :audit_mode, :disabled
-
-    # Chef only needs ohai to run the hostname plugin for the most basic
-    # functionality. If the rest of the ohai plugins are not needed (like in
-    # most of our testing scenarios)
-    default :minimal_ohai, false
-
-    # When consuming Ohai plugins from cookbook segments, we place those plugins in this directory.
-    # Subsequent chef client runs will wipe and re-populate the directory to ensure cleanliness
-    default(:ohai_segment_plugin_path) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "ohai", "cookbook_plugins") }
-
-    ###
-    # Policyfile Settings
-    #
-    # Policyfile is a feature where a node gets its run list and cookbook
-    # version set from a single document on the server instead of expanding the
-    # run list and having the server compute the cookbook version set based on
-    # environment constraints.
-    #
-    # Policyfiles are auto-versioned. The user groups nodes by `policy_name`,
-    # which generally describes a hosts's functional role, and `policy_group`,
-    # which generally groups nodes by deployment phase (a.k.a., "environment").
-    # The Chef Server maps a given set of `policy_name` plus `policy_group` to
-    # a particular revision of a policy.
-
-    default :policy_name, nil
-    default :policy_group, nil
-
-    # Policyfiles can have multiple run lists, via the named run list feature.
-    # Generally this will be set by a CLI option via Chef::Application::Client,
-    # but it could be set in client.rb if desired.
-
-    default :named_run_list, nil
-
-    # During initial development, users were required to set `use_policyfile true`
-    # in `client.rb` to opt-in to policyfile use. Chef Client now examines
-    # configuration, node json, and the stored node to determine if policyfile
-    # usage is desired. This flag is still honored if set, but is unnecessary.
-    default :use_policyfile, false
-
-    # Policyfiles can be used in a native mode (default) or compatibility mode.
-    # Native mode requires Chef Server 12.1 (it can be enabled via feature flag
-    # on some prior versions). In native mode, policies and associated
-    # cookbooks are accessed via feature-specific APIs. In compat mode,
-    # policies are stored as data bags and cookbooks are stored at the
-    # cookbooks/ endpoint. Compatibility mode can be dangerous on existing Chef
-    # Servers; it's recommended to upgrade your Chef Server rather than use
-    # compatibility mode. Compatibility mode remains available so you can use
-    # policyfiles with servers that don't yet support the native endpoints.
-    default :policy_document_native_api, true
-
-    # When policyfiles are used in compatibility mode, `policy_name` and
-    # `policy_group` are instead specified using a combined configuration
-    # setting, `deployment_group`. For example, if policy_name should be
-    # "webserver" and policy_group should be "staging", then `deployment_group`
-    # should be set to "webserver-staging", which is the name of the data bag
-    # item that the policy will be stored as. NOTE: this setting only has an
-    # effect if `policy_document_native_api` is set to `false`.
-    default :deployment_group, nil
-
-    # Set these to enable SSL authentication / mutual-authentication
-    # with the server
-
-    # Client side SSL cert/key for mutual auth
-    default :ssl_client_cert, nil
-    default :ssl_client_key, nil
-
-    # Whether or not to verify the SSL cert for all HTTPS requests. When set to
-    # :verify_peer (default), all HTTPS requests will be validated regardless of other
-    # SSL verification settings. When set to :verify_none no HTTPS requests will
-    # be validated.
-    default :ssl_verify_mode, :verify_peer
-
-    # Whether or not to verify the SSL cert for HTTPS requests to the Chef
-    # server API. If set to `true`, the server's cert will be validated
-    # regardless of the :ssl_verify_mode setting. This is set to `true` when
-    # running in local-mode.
-    # NOTE: This is a workaround until verify_peer is enabled by default.
-    default(:verify_api_cert) { ChefConfig::Config.local_mode }
-
-    # Path to the default CA bundle files.
-    default :ssl_ca_path, nil
-    default(:ssl_ca_file) do
-      if ChefConfig.windows? && embedded_dir
-        cacert_path = File.join(embedded_dir, "ssl/certs/cacert.pem")
-        cacert_path if File.exist?(cacert_path)
-      else
-        nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    # A directory that contains additional SSL certificates to trust. Any
-    # certificates in this directory will be added to whatever CA bundle ruby
-    # is using. Use this to add self-signed certs for your Chef Server or local
-    # HTTP file servers.
-    default(:trusted_certs_dir) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "trusted_certs") }
-
-    # A directory that contains additional configuration scripts to load for chef-client
-    default(:client_d_dir) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "client.d") }
-
-    # A directory that contains additional configuration scripts to load for solo
-    default(:solo_d_dir) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "solo.d") }
-
-    # A directory that contains additional configuration scripts to load for
-    # the workstation config
-    default(:config_d_dir) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "config.d") }
-
-    # Where should chef-solo download recipes from?
-    default :recipe_url, nil
-
-    # Set to true if Chef is to set OpenSSL to run in FIPS mode
-    default(:fips) do
-      # CHEF_FIPS is used in testing to override checking for system level
-      # enablement. There are 3 possible values that this variable may have:
-      # nil - no override and the system will be checked
-      # empty - FIPS is NOT enabled
-      # a non empty value - FIPS is enabled
-      if ENV["CHEF_FIPS"] == ""
-        false
-      else
-        !ENV["CHEF_FIPS"].nil? || ChefConfig.fips?
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Initialize openssl
-    def self.init_openssl
-      if fips
-        enable_fips_mode
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Sets the version of the signed header authentication protocol to use (see
-    # the 'mixlib-authorization' project for more detail). Currently, versions
-    # 1.0, 1.1, and 1.3 are available.
-    default :authentication_protocol_version do
-      if fips
-        "1.3"
-      else
-        "1.1"
-      end
-    end
-
-    # This key will be used to sign requests to the Chef server. This location
-    # must be writable by Chef during initial setup when generating a client
-    # identity on the server.
-    #
-    # The chef-server will look up the public key for the client using the
-    # `node_name` of the client.
-    #
-    # If chef-zero is enabled, this defaults to nil (no authentication).
-    default(:client_key) { chef_zero.enabled ? nil : platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/client.pem") }
-
-    # A credentials file may contain a complete client key, rather than the path
-    # to one.
-    #
-    # We'll use this preferentially.
-    default :client_key_contents, nil
-
-    # When registering the client, should we allow the client key location to
-    # be a symlink?  eg: /etc/chef/client.pem -> /etc/chef/prod-client.pem
-    # If the path of the key goes through a directory like /tmp this should
-    # never be set to true or its possibly an easily exploitable security hole.
-    default :follow_client_key_symlink, false
-
-    # This secret is used to decrypt encrypted data bag items.
-    default(:encrypted_data_bag_secret) do
-      if File.exist?(platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/encrypted_data_bag_secret"))
-        platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/encrypted_data_bag_secret")
-      else
-        nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    # As of Chef 13.0, version "3" is the default encrypted data bag item
-    # format.
-    #
-    default :data_bag_encrypt_version, 3
-
-    # When reading data bag items, any supported version is accepted. However,
-    # if all encrypted data bags have been generated with the version 2 format,
-    # it is recommended to disable support for earlier formats to improve
-    # security. For example, the version 2 format is identical to version 1
-    # except for the addition of an HMAC, so an attacker with MITM capability
-    # could downgrade an encrypted data bag to version 1 as part of an attack.
-    default :data_bag_decrypt_minimum_version, 0
-
-    # If there is no file in the location given by `client_key`, chef-client
-    # will temporarily use the "validator" identity to generate one. If the
-    # `client_key` is not present and the `validation_key` is also not present,
-    # chef-client will not be able to authenticate to the server.
-    #
-    # The `validation_key` is never used if the `client_key` exists.
-    #
-    # If chef-zero is enabled, this defaults to nil (no authentication).
-    default(:validation_key) { chef_zero.enabled ? nil : platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/validation.pem") }
-    default :validation_client_name, "chef-validator"
-
-    default :validation_key_contents, nil
-    # When creating a new client via the validation_client account, Chef 11
-    # servers allow the client to generate a key pair locally and send the
-    # public key to the server. This is more secure and helps offload work from
-    # the server, enhancing scalability. If enabled and the remote server
-    # implements only the Chef 10 API, client registration will not work
-    # properly.
-    #
-    # The default value is `true`. Set to `false` to disable client-side key
-    # generation (server generates client keys).
-    default(:local_key_generation) { true }
-
-    # Zypper package provider gpg checks. Set to false to disable package
-    # gpg signature checking globally.  This will warn you that it is a
-    # bad thing to do.
-    default :zypper_check_gpg, true
-
-    # Report Handlers
-    default :report_handlers, []
-
-    # Event Handlers
-    default :event_handlers, []
-
-    default :disable_event_loggers, false
-
-    # Exception Handlers
-    default :exception_handlers, []
-
-    # Start handlers
-    default :start_handlers, []
-
-    # Syntax Check Cache. Knife keeps track of files that is has already syntax
-    # checked by storing files in this directory. `syntax_check_cache_path` is
-    # the new (and preferred) configuration setting. If not set, knife will
-    # fall back to using cache_options[:path], which is deprecated but exists in
-    # many client configs generated by pre-Chef-11 bootstrappers.
-    default(:syntax_check_cache_path) { cache_options[:path] }
-
-    # Deprecated:
-    # Move this to the default value of syntax_cache_path when this is removed.
-    default(:cache_options) { { :path => PathHelper.join(config_dir, "syntaxcache") } }
-
-    # Whether errors should be raised for deprecation warnings. When set to
-    # `false` (the default setting), a warning is emitted but code using
-    # deprecated methods/features/etc. should work normally otherwise. When set
-    # to `true`, usage of deprecated methods/features will raise a
-    # `DeprecatedFeatureError`. This is used by Chef's tests to ensure that
-    # deprecated functionality is not used internally by Chef.  End users
-    # should generally leave this at the default setting (especially in
-    # production), but it may be useful when testing cookbooks or other code if
-    # the user wishes to aggressively address deprecations.
-    default(:treat_deprecation_warnings_as_errors) do
-      # Using an environment variable allows this setting to be inherited in
-      # tests that spawn new processes.
-      ENV.key?("CHEF_TREAT_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS_AS_ERRORS")
-    end
-
-    # Whether the resource count should be updated for log resource
-    # on running chef-client
-    default :count_log_resource_updates, true
-
-    # The selected profile when using credentials.
-    default :profile, nil
-
-    default :chef_guid_path do
-      PathHelper.join(config_dir, "chef_guid")
-    end
-
-    default :chef_guid, nil
-
-    # knife configuration data
-    config_context :knife do
-      # XXX: none of these default values are applied to knife (and would create a backcompat
-      # break in knife if this bug was fixed since many of the defaults below are wrong).  this appears
-      # to be the start of an attempt to be able to use config_strict_mode true?  if so, this approach
-      # is fraught with peril because this namespace is used by every knife plugin in the wild and
-      # we would need to validate every cli option in every knife attribute out there and list them all here.
-      #
-      # based on the way that people may define `knife[:foobar] = "something"` for the knife-foobar
-      # gem plugin i'm pretty certain we can never turn on anything like config_string_mode since
-      # any config value may be a typo or it may be in some gem in some knife plugin we don't know about.
-      #
-      # we do still need to maintain at least one of these so that the knife config hash gets
-      # created.
-      #
-      # this whole situation is deeply unsatisfying.
-      default :ssh_port, nil
-      default :ssh_user, nil
-      default :ssh_attribute, nil
-      default :ssh_gateway, nil
-      default :ssh_gateway_identity, nil
-      default :bootstrap_version, nil
-      default :bootstrap_proxy, nil
-      default :bootstrap_template, nil
-      default :secret, nil
-      default :secret_file, nil
-      default :identity_file, nil
-      default :host_key_verify, nil
-      default :forward_agent, nil
-      default :sort_status_reverse, nil
-      default :hints, {}
-    end
-
-    def self.set_defaults_for_windows
-      # Those lists of regular expressions define what chef considers a
-      # valid user and group name
-      # From http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776019(WS.10).aspx
-      principal_valid_regex_part = '[^"\/\\\\\[\]\:;|=,+*?<>]+'
-      default :user_valid_regex, [ /^(#{principal_valid_regex_part}\\)?#{principal_valid_regex_part}$/ ]
-      default :group_valid_regex, [ /^(#{principal_valid_regex_part}\\)?#{principal_valid_regex_part}$/ ]
-
-      default :fatal_windows_admin_check, false
-    end
-
-    def self.set_defaults_for_nix
-      # Those lists of regular expressions define what chef considers a
-      # valid user and group name
-      #
-      # user/group cannot start with '-', '+' or '~'
-      # user/group cannot contain ':', ',' or non-space-whitespace or null byte
-      # everything else is allowed (UTF-8, spaces, etc) and we delegate to your O/S useradd program to barf or not
-      # copies: http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/pkg-shadow/debian/trunk/debian/patches/506_relaxed_usernames?view=markup
-      default :user_valid_regex, [ /^[^-+~:,\t\r\n\f\0]+[^:,\t\r\n\f\0]*$/ ]
-      default :group_valid_regex, [ /^[^-+~:,\t\r\n\f\0]+[^:,\t\r\n\f\0]*$/ ]
-    end
-
-    # Those lists of regular expressions define what chef considers a
-    # valid user and group name
-    if ChefConfig.windows?
-      set_defaults_for_windows
-    else
-      set_defaults_for_nix
-    end
-
-    # This provides a hook which rspec can stub so that we can avoid twiddling
-    # global state in tests.
-    def self.env
-      ENV
-    end
-
-    def self.windows_home_path
-      ChefConfig.logger.deprecation("Chef::Config.windows_home_path is now deprecated.  Consider using Chef::Util::PathHelper.home instead.")
-      PathHelper.home
-    end
-
-    # returns a platform specific path to the user home dir if set, otherwise default to current directory.
-    default( :user_home ) { PathHelper.home || Dir.pwd }
-
-    # Enable file permission fixup for selinux. Fixup will be done
-    # only if selinux is enabled in the system.
-    default :enable_selinux_file_permission_fixup, true
-
-    # Use atomic updates (i.e. move operation) while updating contents
-    # of the files resources. When set to false copy operation is
-    # used to update files.
-    #
-    # NOTE: CHANGING THIS SETTING MAY CAUSE CORRUPTION, DATA LOSS AND
-    # INSTABILITY.
-    default :file_atomic_update, true
-
-    # There are 3 possible values for this configuration setting.
-    # true => file staging is done in the destination directory
-    # false => file staging is done via tempfiles under ENV['TMP']
-    # :auto => file staging will try using destination directory if possible and
-    #   will fall back to ENV['TMP'] if destination directory is not usable.
-    default :file_staging_uses_destdir, :auto
-
-    # Exit if another run is in progress and the chef-client is unable to
-    # get the lock before time expires. If nil, no timeout is enforced. (Exits
-    # immediately if 0.)
-    default :run_lock_timeout, nil
-
-    # Number of worker threads for syncing cookbooks in parallel. Increasing
-    # this number can result in gateway errors from the server (namely 503 and 504).
-    # If you are seeing this behavior while using the default setting, reducing
-    # the number of threads will help.
-    default :cookbook_sync_threads, 10
-
-    # At the beginning of the Chef Client run, the cookbook manifests are downloaded which
-    # contain URLs for every file in every relevant cookbook.  Most of the files
-    # (recipes, resources, providers, libraries, etc) are immediately synchronized
-    # at the start of the run.  The handling of "files" and "templates" directories,
-    # however, have two modes of operation.  They can either all be downloaded immediately
-    # at the start of the run (no_lazy_load==true) or else they can be lazily loaded as
-    # cookbook_file or template resources are converged which require them (no_lazy_load==false).
-    #
-    # The advantage of lazily loading these files is that unnecessary files are not
-    # synchronized.  This may be useful to users with large files checked into cookbooks which
-    # are only selectively downloaded to a subset of clients which use the cookbook.  However,
-    # better solutions are to either isolate large files into individual cookbooks and only
-    # include those cookbooks in the run lists of the servers that need them -- or move to
-    # using remote_file and a more appropriate backing store like S3 for large file
-    # distribution.
-    #
-    # The disadvantages of lazily loading files are that users some time find it
-    # confusing that their cookbooks are not fully synchronzied to the cache initially,
-    # and more importantly the time-sensitive URLs which are in the manifest may time
-    # out on long Chef runs before the resource that uses the file is converged
-    # (leading to many confusing 403 errors on template/cookbook_file resources).
-    #
-    default :no_lazy_load, true
-
-    # A whitelisted array of attributes you want sent over the wire when node
-    # data is saved.
-    # The default setting is nil, which collects all data. Setting to [] will not
-    # collect any data for save.
-    default :automatic_attribute_whitelist, nil
-    default :default_attribute_whitelist, nil
-    default :normal_attribute_whitelist, nil
-    default :override_attribute_whitelist, nil
-
-    # A blacklisted array of attributes you do not want to send over the
-    # wire when node data is saved
-    # The default setting is nil, which collects all data. Setting to [] will
-    # still collect all data for save
-    default :automatic_attribute_blacklist, nil
-    default :default_attribute_blacklist, nil
-    default :normal_attribute_blacklist, nil
-    default :override_attribute_blacklist, nil
-
-    # Pull down all the rubygems versions from rubygems and cache them the first time we do a gem_package or
-    # chef_gem install.  This is memory-expensive and will grow without bounds, but will reduce network
-    # round trips.
-    default :rubygems_cache_enabled, false
-
-    config_context :windows_service do
-      # Set `watchdog_timeout` to the number of seconds to wait for a chef-client run
-      # to finish
-      default :watchdog_timeout, 2 * (60 * 60) # 2 hours
-    end
-
-    # Add an empty and non-strict config_context for chefdk. This lets the user
-    # have code like `chefdk.generator_cookbook "/path/to/cookbook"` in their
-    # config.rb, and it will be ignored by tools like knife and ohai. ChefDK
-    # itself can define the config options it accepts and enable strict mode,
-    # and that will only apply when running `chef` commands.
-    config_context :chefdk do
-    end
-
-    # Configuration options for Data Collector reporting. These settings allow
-    # the user to configure where to send their Data Collector data, what token
-    # to send, and whether Data Collector should report its findings in client
-    # mode vs. solo mode.
-    config_context :data_collector do
-      # Full URL to the endpoint that will receive our data. If nil, the
-      # data collector will not run.
-      # Ex: http://my-data-collector.mycompany.com/ingest
-      default(:server_url) do
-        if config_parent.solo || config_parent.local_mode
-          nil
-        else
-          File.join(config_parent.chef_server_url, "/data-collector")
-        end
-      end
-
-      # An optional pre-shared token to pass as an HTTP header (x-data-collector-token)
-      # that can be used to determine whether or not the poster of this
-      # run data should be trusted.
-      # Ex: some-uuid-here
-      default :token,            nil
-
-      # The Chef mode during which Data Collector is allowed to function. This
-      # can be used to run Data Collector only when running as Chef Solo but
-      # not when using Chef Client.
-      # Options: :solo (for both Solo Legacy Mode and Client Local Mode), :client, :both
-      default :mode,             :both
-
-      # When the Data Collector cannot send the "starting a run" message to
-      # the Data Collector server, the Data Collector will be disabled for that
-      # run. In some situations, such as highly-regulated environments, it
-      # may be more reasonable to prevent Chef from performing the actual run.
-      # In these situations, setting this value to true will cause the Chef
-      # run to raise an exception before starting any converge activities.
-      default :raise_on_failure, false
-
-      # A user-supplied Organization string that can be sent in payloads
-      # generated by the DataCollector when Chef is run in Solo mode. This
-      # allows users to associate their Solo nodes with faux organizations
-      # without the nodes being connected to an actual Chef Server.
-      default :organization, nil
-    end
-
-    configurable(:http_proxy)
-    configurable(:http_proxy_user)
-    configurable(:http_proxy_pass)
-    configurable(:https_proxy)
-    configurable(:https_proxy_user)
-    configurable(:https_proxy_pass)
-    configurable(:ftp_proxy)
-    configurable(:ftp_proxy_user)
-    configurable(:ftp_proxy_pass)
-    configurable(:no_proxy)
-
-    # Public method that users should call to export proxies to the appropriate
-    # environment variables.  This method should be called after the config file is
-    # parsed and loaded.
-    # TODO add some post-file-parsing logic that automatically calls this so
-    # users don't have to
-    def self.export_proxies
-      export_proxy("http", http_proxy, http_proxy_user, http_proxy_pass) if http_proxy
-      export_proxy("https", https_proxy, https_proxy_user, https_proxy_pass) if https_proxy
-      export_proxy("ftp", ftp_proxy, ftp_proxy_user, ftp_proxy_pass) if ftp_proxy
-      export_no_proxy(no_proxy) if no_proxy
-    end
-
-    # Character classes for Addressable
-    # See https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt 3.2.1
-    # The user part may not have a : in it
-    USER = Addressable::URI::CharacterClasses::UNRESERVED + Addressable::URI::CharacterClasses::SUB_DELIMS
-    # The password part may have any valid USERINFO characters
-    PASSWORD = USER + "\\:"
-
-    # Builds a proxy uri and exports it to the appropriate environment variables. Examples:
-    #   http://username:password@hostname:port
-    #   https://username@hostname:port
-    #   ftp://hostname:port
-    # when
-    #   scheme = "http", "https", or "ftp"
-    #   hostport = hostname:port or scheme://hostname:port
-    #   user = username
-    #   pass = password
-    # @api private
-    def self.export_proxy(scheme, path, user, pass)
-      path = "#{scheme}://#{path}" unless path.include?("://")
-      # URI.split returns the following parts:
-      # [scheme, userinfo, host, port, registry, path, opaque, query, fragment]
-      uri = Addressable::URI.encode(path, Addressable::URI)
-
-      if user && !user.empty?
-        userinfo = Addressable::URI.encode_component(user, USER)
-        if pass
-          userinfo << ":#{Addressable::URI.encode_component(pass, PASSWORD)}"
-        end
-        uri.userinfo = userinfo
-      end
-
-      path = uri.to_s
-      ENV["#{scheme}_proxy".downcase] = path unless ENV["#{scheme}_proxy".downcase]
-      ENV["#{scheme}_proxy".upcase] = path unless ENV["#{scheme}_proxy".upcase]
-    end
-
-    # @api private
-    def self.export_no_proxy(value)
-      ENV["no_proxy"] = value unless ENV["no_proxy"]
-      ENV["NO_PROXY"] = value unless ENV["NO_PROXY"]
-    end
-
-    # Given a scheme, host, and port, return the correct proxy URI based on the
-    # set environment variables, unless exluded by no_proxy, in which case nil
-    # is returned
-    def self.proxy_uri(scheme, host, port)
-      proxy_env_var = ENV["#{scheme}_proxy"].to_s.strip
-
-      # Check if the proxy string contains a scheme. If not, add the url's scheme to the
-      # proxy before parsing. The regex /^.*:\/\// matches, for example, http://. Reusing proxy
-      # here since we are really just trying to get the string built correctly.
-      proxy = if !proxy_env_var.empty?
-                if proxy_env_var =~ /^.*:\/\//
-                  URI.parse(proxy_env_var)
-                else
-                  URI.parse("#{scheme}://#{proxy_env_var}")
-                end
-              end
-
-      return proxy unless fuzzy_hostname_match_any?(host, ENV["no_proxy"])
-    end
-
-    # Chef requires an English-language UTF-8 locale to function properly.  We attempt
-    # to use the 'locale -a' command and search through a list of preferences until we
-    # find one that we can use.  On Ubuntu systems we should find 'C.UTF-8' and be
-    # able to use that even if there is no English locale on the server, but Mac, Solaris,
-    # AIX, etc do not have that locale.  We then try to find an English locale and fall
-    # back to 'C' if we do not.  The choice of fallback is pick-your-poison.  If we try
-    # to do the work to return a non-US UTF-8 locale then we fail inside of providers when
-    # things like 'svn info' return Japanese and we can't parse them.  OTOH, if we pick 'C' then
-    # we will blow up on UTF-8 characters.  Between the warn we throw and the Encoding
-    # exception that ruby will throw it is more obvious what is broken if we drop UTF-8 by
-    # default rather than drop English.
-    #
-    # If there is no 'locale -a' then we return 'en_US.UTF-8' since that is the most commonly
-    # available English UTF-8 locale.  However, all modern POSIXen should support 'locale -a'.
-    def self.guess_internal_locale
-      # https://github.com/chef/chef/issues/2181
-      # Some systems have the `locale -a` command, but the result has
-      # invalid characters for the default encoding.
-      #
-      # For example, on CentOS 6 with ENV['LANG'] = "en_US.UTF-8",
-      # `locale -a`.split fails with ArgumentError invalid UTF-8 encoding.
-      cmd = Mixlib::ShellOut.new("locale -a").run_command
-      cmd.error!
-      locales = cmd.stdout.split
-      case
-      when locales.include?("C.UTF-8")
-        "C.UTF-8"
-      when locales.include?("en_US.UTF-8"), locales.include?("en_US.utf8")
-        "en_US.UTF-8"
-      when locales.include?("en.UTF-8")
-        "en.UTF-8"
-      else
-        # Will match en_ZZ.UTF-8, en_ZZ.utf-8, en_ZZ.UTF8, en_ZZ.utf8
-        guesses = locales.select { |l| l =~ /^en_.*UTF-?8$/i }
-        unless guesses.empty?
-          guessed_locale = guesses.first
-          # Transform into the form en_ZZ.UTF-8
-          guessed_locale.gsub(/UTF-?8$/i, "UTF-8")
-        else
-          ChefConfig.logger.warn "Please install an English UTF-8 locale for Chef to use, falling back to C locale and disabling UTF-8 support."
-          "C"
-        end
-      end
-    rescue
-      if ChefConfig.windows?
-        ChefConfig.logger.trace "Defaulting to locale en_US.UTF-8 on Windows, until it matters that we do something else."
-      else
-        ChefConfig.logger.trace "No usable locale -a command found, assuming you have en_US.UTF-8 installed."
-      end
-      "en_US.UTF-8"
-    end
-
-    default :internal_locale, guess_internal_locale
-
-    # Force UTF-8 Encoding, for when we fire up in the 'C' locale or other strange locales (e.g.
-    # japanese windows encodings).  If we do not do this, then knife upload will fail when a cookbook's
-    # README.md has UTF-8 characters that do not encode in whatever surrounding encoding we have been
-    # passed.  Effectively, the Chef Ecosystem is globally UTF-8 by default.  Anyone who wants to be
-    # able to upload Shift_JIS or ISO-8859-1 files needs to mark *those* files explicitly with
-    # magic tags to make ruby correctly identify the encoding being used.  Changing this default will
-    # break Chef community cookbooks and is very highly discouraged.
-    default :ruby_encoding, Encoding::UTF_8
-
-    # can be set to a string or array of strings for URIs to set as rubygems sources
-    default :rubygems_url, "https://www.rubygems.org"
-
-    # If installed via an omnibus installer, this gives the path to the
-    # "embedded" directory which contains all of the software packaged with
-    # omnibus. This is used to locate the cacert.pem file on windows.
-    def self.embedded_dir
-      Pathname.new(_this_file).ascend do |path|
-        if path.basename.to_s == "embedded"
-          return path.to_s
-        end
-      end
-
-      nil
-    end
-
-    # Path to this file in the current install.
-    def self._this_file
-      File.expand_path(__FILE__)
-    end
-
-    # Set fips mode in openssl. Do any patching necessary to make
-    # sure Chef runs do not crash.
-    # @api private
-    def self.enable_fips_mode
-      OpenSSL.fips_mode = true
-      require "digest"
-      require "digest/sha1"
-      require "digest/md5"
-      # Remove pre-existing constants if they do exist to reduce the
-      # amount of log spam and warnings.
-      Digest.send(:remove_const, "SHA1") if Digest.const_defined?("SHA1")
-      Digest.const_set("SHA1", OpenSSL::Digest::SHA1)
-      OpenSSL::Digest.send(:remove_const, "MD5") if OpenSSL::Digest.const_defined?("MD5")
-      OpenSSL::Digest.const_set("MD5", Digest::MD5)
-      ChefConfig.logger.debug "FIPS mode is enabled."
-    end
-  end
-end
+#
+# Author:: Adam Jacob (<adam@chef.io>)
+# Author:: Christopher Brown (<cb@chef.io>)
+# Author:: AJ Christensen (<aj@chef.io>)
+# Author:: Mark Mzyk (<mmzyk@chef.io>)
+# Author:: Kyle Goodwin (<kgoodwin@primerevenue.com>)
+# Copyright:: Copyright 2008-2018, Chef Software Inc.
+# License:: Apache License, Version 2.0
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+require "mixlib/config"
+require "pathname"
+
+require "chef-config/fips"
+require "chef-config/logger"
+require "chef-config/windows"
+require "chef-config/path_helper"
+require "chef-config/mixin/fuzzy_hostname_matcher"
+
+require "mixlib/shellout"
+require "uri"
+require "addressable/uri"
+require "openssl"
+require "yaml"
+
+module ChefConfig
+
+  class Config
+
+    extend Mixlib::Config
+    extend ChefConfig::Mixin::FuzzyHostnameMatcher
+
+    # Evaluates the given string as config.
+    #
+    # +filename+ is used for context in stacktraces, but doesn't need to be the name of an actual file.
+    def self.from_string(string, filename)
+      instance_eval(string, filename, 1)
+    end
+
+    def self.inspect
+      configuration.inspect
+    end
+
+    # given a *nix style config path return the platform specific path
+    # to that same config file
+    # @example client.pem path on Windows
+    #   platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/client.pem") #=> "C:\\chef\\client.pem"
+    # @param path [String] The unix path to convert to a platform specific path
+    # @return [String] a platform specific path
+    def self.platform_specific_path(path)
+      path = PathHelper.cleanpath(path)
+      if ChefConfig.windows?
+        # turns \etc\chef\client.rb and \var\chef\client.rb into C:/chef/client.rb
+        # Some installations will be on different drives so use the drive that
+        # the expanded path to __FILE__ is found.
+        drive = windows_installation_drive
+        if drive && path[0] == '\\' && path.split('\\')[2] == "chef"
+          path = PathHelper.join(drive, path.split('\\', 3)[2])
+        end
+      end
+      path
+    end
+
+    # the drive where Chef is installed on a windows host. This is determined
+    # either by the drive containing the current file or by the SYSTEMDRIVE ENV
+    # variable
+    #
+    # @return [String] the drive letter
+    def self.windows_installation_drive
+      if ChefConfig.windows?
+        drive = File.expand_path(__FILE__).split("/", 2)[0]
+        drive = ENV["SYSTEMDRIVE"] if drive.to_s == ""
+        drive
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.add_formatter(name, file_path = nil)
+      formatters << [name, file_path]
+    end
+
+    def self.add_event_logger(logger)
+      event_handlers << logger
+    end
+
+    def self.apply_extra_config_options(extra_config_options)
+      if extra_config_options
+        extra_parsed_options = extra_config_options.inject({}) do |memo, option|
+          # Sanity check value.
+          if option.empty? || !option.include?("=")
+            raise UnparsableConfigOption, "Unparsable config option #{option.inspect}"
+          end
+          # Split including whitespace if someone does truly odd like
+          # --config-option "foo = bar"
+          key, value = option.split(/\s*=\s*/, 2)
+          # Call to_sym because Chef::Config expects only symbol keys. Also
+          # runs a simple parse on the string for some common types.
+          memo[key.to_sym] = YAML.safe_load(value)
+          memo
+        end
+        merge!(extra_parsed_options)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Config file to load (client.rb, knife.rb, etc. defaults set differently in knife, chef-client, etc.)
+    configurable(:config_file)
+
+    default(:config_dir) do
+      if config_file
+        PathHelper.dirname(PathHelper.canonical_path(config_file, false))
+      else
+        PathHelper.join(user_home, ".chef", "")
+      end
+    end
+
+    default :formatters, []
+
+    def self.is_valid_url?(uri)
+      url = uri.to_s.strip
+      /^http:\/\// =~ url || /^https:\/\// =~ url || /^chefzero:/ =~ url
+    end
+    # Override the config dispatch to set the value of multiple server options simultaneously
+    #
+    # === Parameters
+    # url<String>:: String to be set for all of the chef-server-api URL's
+    #
+    configurable(:chef_server_url).writes_value do |uri|
+      unless is_valid_url? uri
+        raise ConfigurationError, "#{uri} is an invalid chef_server_url."
+      end
+      uri.to_s.strip
+    end
+
+    # When you are using ActiveSupport, they monkey-patch 'daemonize' into Kernel.
+    # So while this is basically identical to what method_missing would do, we pull
+    # it up here and get a real method written so that things get dispatched
+    # properly.
+    configurable(:daemonize).writes_value { |v| v }
+
+    # The root where all local chef object data is stored.  cookbooks, data bags,
+    # environments are all assumed to be in separate directories under this.
+    # chef-solo uses these directories for input data.  knife commands
+    # that upload or download files (such as knife upload, knife role from file,
+    # etc.) work.
+    default :chef_repo_path do
+      if configuration[:cookbook_path]
+        if configuration[:cookbook_path].kind_of?(String)
+          File.expand_path("..", configuration[:cookbook_path])
+        else
+          configuration[:cookbook_path].map do |path|
+            File.expand_path("..", path)
+          end
+        end
+      elsif configuration[:cookbook_artifact_path]
+        File.expand_path("..", configuration[:cookbook_artifact_path])
+      else
+        cache_path
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.find_chef_repo_path(cwd)
+      # In local mode, we auto-discover the repo root by looking for a path with "cookbooks" under it.
+      # This allows us to run config-free.
+      path = cwd
+      until File.directory?(PathHelper.join(path, "cookbooks")) || File.directory?(PathHelper.join(path, "cookbook_artifacts"))
+        new_path = File.expand_path("..", path)
+        if new_path == path
+          ChefConfig.logger.warn("No cookbooks directory found at or above current directory.  Assuming #{cwd}.")
+          return cwd
+        end
+        path = new_path
+      end
+      ChefConfig.logger.info("Auto-discovered chef repository at #{path}")
+      path
+    end
+
+    def self.derive_path_from_chef_repo_path(child_path)
+      if chef_repo_path.kind_of?(String)
+        PathHelper.join(chef_repo_path, child_path)
+      else
+        chef_repo_path.uniq.map { |path| PathHelper.join(path, child_path) }
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Location of acls on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/acls.
+    default(:acl_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("acls") }
+
+    # Location of clients on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/clients.
+    default(:client_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("clients") }
+
+    # Location of client keys on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/client_keys.
+    default(:client_key_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("client_keys") }
+
+    # Location of containers on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/containers.
+    default(:container_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("containers") }
+
+    # Location of cookbook_artifacts on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/cookbook_artifacts.
+    default(:cookbook_artifact_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("cookbook_artifacts") }
+
+    # Location of cookbooks on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/cookbooks.  If chef_repo_path
+    # is not specified, this is set to [/var/chef/cookbooks, /var/chef/site-cookbooks]).
+    default(:cookbook_path) do
+      if configuration[:chef_repo_path]
+        derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("cookbooks")
+      else
+        Array(derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("cookbooks")).flatten +
+          Array(derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("site-cookbooks")).flatten
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Location of data bags on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/data_bags.
+    default(:data_bag_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("data_bags") }
+
+    # Location of environments on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/environments.
+    default(:environment_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("environments") }
+
+    # Location of groups on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/groups.
+    default(:group_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("groups") }
+
+    # Location of nodes on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/nodes.
+    default(:node_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("nodes") }
+
+    # Location of policies on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/policies.
+    default(:policy_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("policies") }
+
+    # Location of policy_groups on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/policy_groups.
+    default(:policy_group_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("policy_groups") }
+
+    # Location of roles on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/roles.
+    default(:role_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("roles") }
+
+    # Location of users on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/users.
+    default(:user_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("users") }
+
+    # Location of policies on disk. String or array of strings.
+    # Defaults to <chef_repo_path>/policies.
+    default(:policy_path) { derive_path_from_chef_repo_path("policies") }
+
+    # Turn on "path sanity" by default.
+    default :enforce_path_sanity, false
+
+    # Formatted Chef Client output is a beta feature, disabled by default:
+    default :formatter, "null"
+
+    # The number of times the client should retry when registering with the server
+    default :client_registration_retries, 5
+
+    # An array of paths to search for knife exec scripts if they aren't in the current directory
+    default :script_path, []
+
+    # The root of all caches (checksums, cache and backup).  If local mode is on,
+    # this is under the user's home directory.
+    default(:cache_path) do
+      if local_mode
+        PathHelper.join(config_dir, "local-mode-cache")
+      else
+        primary_cache_root = platform_specific_path("/var")
+        primary_cache_path = platform_specific_path("/var/chef")
+        # Use /var/chef as the cache path only if that folder exists and we can read and write
+        # into it, or /var exists and we can read and write into it (we'll create /var/chef later).
+        # Otherwise, we'll create .chef under the user's home directory and use that as
+        # the cache path.
+        unless path_accessible?(primary_cache_path) || path_accessible?(primary_cache_root)
+          secondary_cache_path = PathHelper.join(user_home, ".chef")
+          ChefConfig.logger.info("Unable to access cache at #{primary_cache_path}. Switching cache to #{secondary_cache_path}")
+          secondary_cache_path
+        else
+          primary_cache_path
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns true only if the path exists and is readable and writeable for the user.
+    def self.path_accessible?(path)
+      File.exists?(path) && File.readable?(path) && File.writable?(path)
+    end
+
+    # Where cookbook files are stored on the server (by content checksum)
+    default(:checksum_path) { PathHelper.join(cache_path, "checksums") }
+
+    # Where chef's cache files should be stored
+    default(:file_cache_path) { PathHelper.join(cache_path, "cache") }
+
+    # Where backups of chef-managed files should go
+    default(:file_backup_path) { PathHelper.join(cache_path, "backup") }
+
+    # The chef-client (or solo) lockfile.
+    #
+    # If your `file_cache_path` resides on a NFS (or non-flock()-supporting
+    # fs), it's recommended to set this to something like
+    # '/tmp/chef-client-running.pid'
+    default(:lockfile) { PathHelper.join(file_cache_path, "chef-client-running.pid") }
+
+    ## Daemonization Settings ##
+    # What user should Chef run as?
+    default :user, nil
+    default :group, nil
+    default :umask, 0022
+
+    # Valid log_levels are:
+    # * :trace
+    # * :debug
+    # * :info
+    # * :warn
+    # * :fatal
+    # These work as you'd expect. There is also a special `:auto` setting.
+    # When set to :auto, Chef will auto adjust the log verbosity based on
+    # context. When a tty is available (usually because the user is running chef
+    # in a console), the log level is set to :warn, and output formatters are
+    # used as the primary mode of output. When a tty is not available, the
+    # logger is the primary mode of output, and the log level is set to :info
+    default :log_level, :auto
+
+    # Logging location as either an IO stream or string representing log file path
+    default :log_location, STDOUT
+
+    # Using `force_formatter` causes chef to default to formatter output when STDOUT is not a tty
+    default :force_formatter, false
+
+    # Using `force_logger` causes chef to default to logger output when STDOUT is a tty
+    default :force_logger, false
+
+    # Using 'stream_execute_output' will have Chef always stream the execute output
+    default :stream_execute_output, false
+
+    # Using `show_download_progress` will display the overall progress
+    # of a remote file download
+    default :show_download_progress, false
+    # How often to update the progress meter, in percent
+    default :download_progress_interval, 10
+
+    default :http_retry_count, 5
+    default :http_retry_delay, 5
+    # Whether or not to send the Authorization header again on http redirects.
+    # As per the plan in https://github.com/chef/chef/pull/7006, this will be
+    # False in Chef 14, True in Chef 15, and will be removed entirely in Chef 16.
+    default :http_disable_auth_on_redirect, false
+
+    default :interval, nil
+    default :once, nil
+    default :json_attribs, nil
+    # toggle info level log items that can create a lot of output
+    default :verbose_logging, true
+    default :node_name, nil
+    default :diff_disabled,           false
+    default :diff_filesize_threshold, 10000000
+    default :diff_output_threshold,   1000000
+    default :local_mode, false
+
+    # Configures the mode of operation for ChefFS, which is applied to the
+    # ChefFS-based knife commands and chef-client's local mode. (ChefFS-based
+    # knife commands include: knife delete, knife deps, knife diff, knife down,
+    # knife edit, knife list, knife show, knife upload, and knife xargs.)
+    #
+    # Valid values are:
+    # * "static": ChefFS only manages objects that exist in a traditional Chef
+    #   Repo as of Chef 11.
+    # * "everything": ChefFS manages all object types that existed on the OSS
+    #   Chef 11 server.
+    # * "hosted_everything": ChefFS manages all object types as of the Chef 12
+    #   Server, including RBAC objects and Policyfile objects (new to Chef 12).
+    default :repo_mode do
+      if local_mode && !chef_zero.osc_compat
+        "hosted_everything"
+      elsif chef_server_url =~ /\/+organizations\/.+/
+        "hosted_everything"
+      else
+        "everything"
+      end
+    end
+
+    default :pid_file, nil
+
+    # Whether Chef Zero local mode should bind to a port. All internal requests
+    # will go through the socketless code path regardless, so the socket is
+    # only needed if other processes will connect to the local mode server.
+    default :listen, false
+
+    config_context :chef_zero do
+      config_strict_mode true
+      default(:enabled) { ChefConfig::Config.local_mode }
+      default :host, "localhost"
+      default :port, 8889.upto(9999) # Will try ports from 8889-9999 until one works
+
+      # When set to a String, Chef Zero disables multitenant support.  This is
+      # what you want when using Chef Zero to serve a single Chef Repo. Setting
+      # this to `false` enables multi-tenant.
+      default :single_org, "chef"
+
+      # Whether Chef Zero should operate in a mode analogous to OSS Chef Server
+      # 11 (true) or Chef Server 12 (false). Chef Zero can still serve
+      # policyfile objects in Chef 11 mode, as long as `repo_mode` is set to
+      # "hosted_everything". The primary differences are:
+      # * Chef 11 mode doesn't support multi-tennant, so there is no
+      #   distinction between global and org-specific objects (since there are
+      #   no orgs).
+      # * Chef 11 mode doesn't expose RBAC objects
+      default :osc_compat, false
+    end
+    default :chef_server_url, "https://localhost:443"
+
+    default(:chef_server_root) do
+      # if the chef_server_url is a path to an organization, aka
+      # 'some_url.../organizations/*' then remove the '/organization/*' by default
+      if configuration[:chef_server_url] =~ /\/organizations\/\S*$/
+        configuration[:chef_server_url].split("/")[0..-3].join("/")
+      elsif configuration[:chef_server_url] # default to whatever chef_server_url is
+        configuration[:chef_server_url]
+      else
+        "https://localhost:443"
+      end
+    end
+
+    default :rest_timeout, 300
+    default :yum_timeout, 900
+    default :yum_lock_timeout, 30
+    default :solo, false
+
+    # Are we running in old Chef Solo legacy mode?
+    default :solo_legacy_mode, false
+
+    default :splay, nil
+    default :why_run, false
+    default :color, false
+    default :client_fork, nil
+    default :ez, false
+    default :enable_reporting, true
+    default :enable_reporting_url_fatals, false
+    # Possible values for :audit_mode
+    # :enabled, :disabled, :audit_only,
+    #
+    # TODO: 11 Dec 2014: Currently audit-mode is an experimental feature
+    # and is disabled by default. When users choose to enable audit-mode,
+    # a warning is issued in application/client#reconfigure.
+    # This can be removed when audit-mode is enabled by default.
+    default :audit_mode, :disabled
+
+    # Chef only needs ohai to run the hostname plugin for the most basic
+    # functionality. If the rest of the ohai plugins are not needed (like in
+    # most of our testing scenarios)
+    default :minimal_ohai, false
+
+    # When consuming Ohai plugins from cookbook segments, we place those plugins in this directory.
+    # Subsequent chef client runs will wipe and re-populate the directory to ensure cleanliness
+    default(:ohai_segment_plugin_path) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "ohai", "cookbook_plugins") }
+
+    ###
+    # Policyfile Settings
+    #
+    # Policyfile is a feature where a node gets its run list and cookbook
+    # version set from a single document on the server instead of expanding the
+    # run list and having the server compute the cookbook version set based on
+    # environment constraints.
+    #
+    # Policyfiles are auto-versioned. The user groups nodes by `policy_name`,
+    # which generally describes a hosts's functional role, and `policy_group`,
+    # which generally groups nodes by deployment phase (a.k.a., "environment").
+    # The Chef Server maps a given set of `policy_name` plus `policy_group` to
+    # a particular revision of a policy.
+
+    default :policy_name, nil
+    default :policy_group, nil
+
+    # Policyfiles can have multiple run lists, via the named run list feature.
+    # Generally this will be set by a CLI option via Chef::Application::Client,
+    # but it could be set in client.rb if desired.
+
+    default :named_run_list, nil
+
+    # During initial development, users were required to set `use_policyfile true`
+    # in `client.rb` to opt-in to policyfile use. Chef Client now examines
+    # configuration, node json, and the stored node to determine if policyfile
+    # usage is desired. This flag is still honored if set, but is unnecessary.
+    default :use_policyfile, false
+
+    # Policyfiles can be used in a native mode (default) or compatibility mode.
+    # Native mode requires Chef Server 12.1 (it can be enabled via feature flag
+    # on some prior versions). In native mode, policies and associated
+    # cookbooks are accessed via feature-specific APIs. In compat mode,
+    # policies are stored as data bags and cookbooks are stored at the
+    # cookbooks/ endpoint. Compatibility mode can be dangerous on existing Chef
+    # Servers; it's recommended to upgrade your Chef Server rather than use
+    # compatibility mode. Compatibility mode remains available so you can use
+    # policyfiles with servers that don't yet support the native endpoints.
+    default :policy_document_native_api, true
+
+    # When policyfiles are used in compatibility mode, `policy_name` and
+    # `policy_group` are instead specified using a combined configuration
+    # setting, `deployment_group`. For example, if policy_name should be
+    # "webserver" and policy_group should be "staging", then `deployment_group`
+    # should be set to "webserver-staging", which is the name of the data bag
+    # item that the policy will be stored as. NOTE: this setting only has an
+    # effect if `policy_document_native_api` is set to `false`.
+    default :deployment_group, nil
+
+    # Set these to enable SSL authentication / mutual-authentication
+    # with the server
+
+    # Client side SSL cert/key for mutual auth
+    default :ssl_client_cert, nil
+    default :ssl_client_key, nil
+
+    # Whether or not to verify the SSL cert for all HTTPS requests. When set to
+    # :verify_peer (default), all HTTPS requests will be validated regardless of other
+    # SSL verification settings. When set to :verify_none no HTTPS requests will
+    # be validated.
+    default :ssl_verify_mode, :verify_peer
+
+    # Whether or not to verify the SSL cert for HTTPS requests to the Chef
+    # server API. If set to `true`, the server's cert will be validated
+    # regardless of the :ssl_verify_mode setting. This is set to `true` when
+    # running in local-mode.
+    # NOTE: This is a workaround until verify_peer is enabled by default.
+    default(:verify_api_cert) { ChefConfig::Config.local_mode }
+
+    # Path to the default CA bundle files.
+    default :ssl_ca_path, nil
+    default(:ssl_ca_file) do
+      if ChefConfig.windows? && embedded_dir
+        cacert_path = File.join(embedded_dir, "ssl/certs/cacert.pem")
+        cacert_path if File.exist?(cacert_path)
+      else
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    # A directory that contains additional SSL certificates to trust. Any
+    # certificates in this directory will be added to whatever CA bundle ruby
+    # is using. Use this to add self-signed certs for your Chef Server or local
+    # HTTP file servers.
+    default(:trusted_certs_dir) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "trusted_certs") }
+
+    # A directory that contains additional configuration scripts to load for chef-client
+    default(:client_d_dir) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "client.d") }
+
+    # A directory that contains additional configuration scripts to load for solo
+    default(:solo_d_dir) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "solo.d") }
+
+    # A directory that contains additional configuration scripts to load for
+    # the workstation config
+    default(:config_d_dir) { PathHelper.join(config_dir, "config.d") }
+
+    # Where should chef-solo download recipes from?
+    default :recipe_url, nil
+
+    # Set to true if Chef is to set OpenSSL to run in FIPS mode
+    default(:fips) do
+      # CHEF_FIPS is used in testing to override checking for system level
+      # enablement. There are 3 possible values that this variable may have:
+      # nil - no override and the system will be checked
+      # empty - FIPS is NOT enabled
+      # a non empty value - FIPS is enabled
+      if ENV["CHEF_FIPS"] == ""
+        false
+      else
+        !ENV["CHEF_FIPS"].nil? || ChefConfig.fips?
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Initialize openssl
+    def self.init_openssl
+      if fips
+        enable_fips_mode
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Sets the version of the signed header authentication protocol to use (see
+    # the 'mixlib-authorization' project for more detail). Currently, versions
+    # 1.0, 1.1, and 1.3 are available.
+    default :authentication_protocol_version do
+      if fips
+        "1.3"
+      else
+        "1.1"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # This key will be used to sign requests to the Chef server. This location
+    # must be writable by Chef during initial setup when generating a client
+    # identity on the server.
+    #
+    # The chef-server will look up the public key for the client using the
+    # `node_name` of the client.
+    #
+    # If chef-zero is enabled, this defaults to nil (no authentication).
+    default(:client_key) { chef_zero.enabled ? nil : platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/client.pem") }
+
+    # A credentials file may contain a complete client key, rather than the path
+    # to one.
+    #
+    # We'll use this preferentially.
+    default :client_key_contents, nil
+
+    # When registering the client, should we allow the client key location to
+    # be a symlink?  eg: /etc/chef/client.pem -> /etc/chef/prod-client.pem
+    # If the path of the key goes through a directory like /tmp this should
+    # never be set to true or its possibly an easily exploitable security hole.
+    default :follow_client_key_symlink, false
+
+    # This secret is used to decrypt encrypted data bag items.
+    default(:encrypted_data_bag_secret) do
+      if File.exist?(platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/encrypted_data_bag_secret"))
+        platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/encrypted_data_bag_secret")
+      else
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    # As of Chef 13.0, version "3" is the default encrypted data bag item
+    # format.
+    #
+    default :data_bag_encrypt_version, 3
+
+    # When reading data bag items, any supported version is accepted. However,
+    # if all encrypted data bags have been generated with the version 2 format,
+    # it is recommended to disable support for earlier formats to improve
+    # security. For example, the version 2 format is identical to version 1
+    # except for the addition of an HMAC, so an attacker with MITM capability
+    # could downgrade an encrypted data bag to version 1 as part of an attack.
+    default :data_bag_decrypt_minimum_version, 0
+
+    # If there is no file in the location given by `client_key`, chef-client
+    # will temporarily use the "validator" identity to generate one. If the
+    # `client_key` is not present and the `validation_key` is also not present,
+    # chef-client will not be able to authenticate to the server.
+    #
+    # The `validation_key` is never used if the `client_key` exists.
+    #
+    # If chef-zero is enabled, this defaults to nil (no authentication).
+    default(:validation_key) { chef_zero.enabled ? nil : platform_specific_path("/etc/chef/validation.pem") }
+    default :validation_client_name, "chef-validator"
+
+    default :validation_key_contents, nil
+    # When creating a new client via the validation_client account, Chef 11
+    # servers allow the client to generate a key pair locally and send the
+    # public key to the server. This is more secure and helps offload work from
+    # the server, enhancing scalability. If enabled and the remote server
+    # implements only the Chef 10 API, client registration will not work
+    # properly.
+    #
+    # The default value is `true`. Set to `false` to disable client-side key
+    # generation (server generates client keys).
+    default(:local_key_generation) { true }
+
+    # Zypper package provider gpg checks. Set to false to disable package
+    # gpg signature checking globally.  This will warn you that it is a
+    # bad thing to do.
+    default :zypper_check_gpg, true
+
+    # Report Handlers
+    default :report_handlers, []
+
+    # Event Handlers
+    default :event_handlers, []
+
+    default :disable_event_loggers, false
+
+    # Exception Handlers
+    default :exception_handlers, []
+
+    # Start handlers
+    default :start_handlers, []
+
+    # Syntax Check Cache. Knife keeps track of files that is has already syntax
+    # checked by storing files in this directory. `syntax_check_cache_path` is
+    # the new (and preferred) configuration setting. If not set, knife will
+    # fall back to using cache_options[:path], which is deprecated but exists in
+    # many client configs generated by pre-Chef-11 bootstrappers.
+    default(:syntax_check_cache_path) { cache_options[:path] }
+
+    # Deprecated:
+    # Move this to the default value of syntax_cache_path when this is removed.
+    default(:cache_options) { { :path => PathHelper.join(config_dir, "syntaxcache") } }
+
+    # Whether errors should be raised for deprecation warnings. When set to
+    # `false` (the default setting), a warning is emitted but code using
+    # deprecated methods/features/etc. should work normally otherwise. When set
+    # to `true`, usage of deprecated methods/features will raise a
+    # `DeprecatedFeatureError`. This is used by Chef's tests to ensure that
+    # deprecated functionality is not used internally by Chef.  End users
+    # should generally leave this at the default setting (especially in
+    # production), but it may be useful when testing cookbooks or other code if
+    # the user wishes to aggressively address deprecations.
+    default(:treat_deprecation_warnings_as_errors) do
+      # Using an environment variable allows this setting to be inherited in
+      # tests that spawn new processes.
+      ENV.key?("CHEF_TREAT_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS_AS_ERRORS")
+    end
+
+    # Whether the resource count should be updated for log resource
+    # on running chef-client
+    default :count_log_resource_updates, true
+
+    # The selected profile when using credentials.
+    default :profile, nil
+
+    default :chef_guid_path do
+      PathHelper.join(config_dir, "chef_guid")
+    end
+
+    default :chef_guid, nil
+
+    # knife configuration data
+    config_context :knife do
+      # XXX: none of these default values are applied to knife (and would create a backcompat
+      # break in knife if this bug was fixed since many of the defaults below are wrong).  this appears
+      # to be the start of an attempt to be able to use config_strict_mode true?  if so, this approach
+      # is fraught with peril because this namespace is used by every knife plugin in the wild and
+      # we would need to validate every cli option in every knife attribute out there and list them all here.
+      #
+      # based on the way that people may define `knife[:foobar] = "something"` for the knife-foobar
+      # gem plugin i'm pretty certain we can never turn on anything like config_string_mode since
+      # any config value may be a typo or it may be in some gem in some knife plugin we don't know about.
+      #
+      # we do still need to maintain at least one of these so that the knife config hash gets
+      # created.
+      #
+      # this whole situation is deeply unsatisfying.
+      default :ssh_port, nil
+      default :ssh_user, nil
+      default :ssh_attribute, nil
+      default :ssh_gateway, nil
+      default :ssh_gateway_identity, nil
+      default :bootstrap_version, nil
+      default :bootstrap_proxy, nil
+      default :bootstrap_template, nil
+      default :secret, nil
+      default :secret_file, nil
+      default :identity_file, nil
+      default :host_key_verify, nil
+      default :forward_agent, nil
+      default :sort_status_reverse, nil
+      default :hints, {}
+    end
+
+    def self.set_defaults_for_windows
+      # Those lists of regular expressions define what chef considers a
+      # valid user and group name
+      # From http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776019(WS.10).aspx
+      principal_valid_regex_part = '[^"\/\\\\\[\]\:;|=,+*?<>]+'
+      default :user_valid_regex, [ /^(#{principal_valid_regex_part}\\)?#{principal_valid_regex_part}$/ ]
+      default :group_valid_regex, [ /^(#{principal_valid_regex_part}\\)?#{principal_valid_regex_part}$/ ]
+
+      default :fatal_windows_admin_check, false
+    end
+
+    def self.set_defaults_for_nix
+      # Those lists of regular expressions define what chef considers a
+      # valid user and group name
+      #
+      # user/group cannot start with '-', '+' or '~'
+      # user/group cannot contain ':', ',' or non-space-whitespace or null byte
+      # everything else is allowed (UTF-8, spaces, etc) and we delegate to your O/S useradd program to barf or not
+      # copies: http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/pkg-shadow/debian/trunk/debian/patches/506_relaxed_usernames?view=markup
+      default :user_valid_regex, [ /^[^-+~:,\t\r\n\f\0]+[^:,\t\r\n\f\0]*$/ ]
+      default :group_valid_regex, [ /^[^-+~:,\t\r\n\f\0]+[^:,\t\r\n\f\0]*$/ ]
+    end
+
+    # Those lists of regular expressions define what chef considers a
+    # valid user and group name
+    if ChefConfig.windows?
+      set_defaults_for_windows
+    else
+      set_defaults_for_nix
+    end
+
+    # This provides a hook which rspec can stub so that we can avoid twiddling
+    # global state in tests.
+    def self.env
+      ENV
+    end
+
+    def self.windows_home_path
+      ChefConfig.logger.deprecation("Chef::Config.windows_home_path is now deprecated.  Consider using Chef::Util::PathHelper.home instead.")
+      PathHelper.home
+    end
+
+    # returns a platform specific path to the user home dir if set, otherwise default to current directory.
+    default( :user_home ) { PathHelper.home || Dir.pwd }
+
+    # Enable file permission fixup for selinux. Fixup will be done
+    # only if selinux is enabled in the system.
+    default :enable_selinux_file_permission_fixup, true
+
+    # Use atomic updates (i.e. move operation) while updating contents
+    # of the files resources. When set to false copy operation is
+    # used to update files.
+    #
+    # NOTE: CHANGING THIS SETTING MAY CAUSE CORRUPTION, DATA LOSS AND
+    # INSTABILITY.
+    default :file_atomic_update, true
+
+    # There are 3 possible values for this configuration setting.
+    # true => file staging is done in the destination directory
+    # false => file staging is done via tempfiles under ENV['TMP']
+    # :auto => file staging will try using destination directory if possible and
+    #   will fall back to ENV['TMP'] if destination directory is not usable.
+    default :file_staging_uses_destdir, :auto
+
+    # Exit if another run is in progress and the chef-client is unable to
+    # get the lock before time expires. If nil, no timeout is enforced. (Exits
+    # immediately if 0.)
+    default :run_lock_timeout, nil
+
+    # Number of worker threads for syncing cookbooks in parallel. Increasing
+    # this number can result in gateway errors from the server (namely 503 and 504).
+    # If you are seeing this behavior while using the default setting, reducing
+    # the number of threads will help.
+    default :cookbook_sync_threads, 10
+
+    # At the beginning of the Chef Client run, the cookbook manifests are downloaded which
+    # contain URLs for every file in every relevant cookbook.  Most of the files
+    # (recipes, resources, providers, libraries, etc) are immediately synchronized
+    # at the start of the run.  The handling of "files" and "templates" directories,
+    # however, have two modes of operation.  They can either all be downloaded immediately
+    # at the start of the run (no_lazy_load==true) or else they can be lazily loaded as
+    # cookbook_file or template resources are converged which require them (no_lazy_load==false).
+    #
+    # The advantage of lazily loading these files is that unnecessary files are not
+    # synchronized.  This may be useful to users with large files checked into cookbooks which
+    # are only selectively downloaded to a subset of clients which use the cookbook.  However,
+    # better solutions are to either isolate large files into individual cookbooks and only
+    # include those cookbooks in the run lists of the servers that need them -- or move to
+    # using remote_file and a more appropriate backing store like S3 for large file
+    # distribution.
+    #
+    # The disadvantages of lazily loading files are that users some time find it
+    # confusing that their cookbooks are not fully synchronzied to the cache initially,
+    # and more importantly the time-sensitive URLs which are in the manifest may time
+    # out on long Chef runs before the resource that uses the file is converged
+    # (leading to many confusing 403 errors on template/cookbook_file resources).
+    #
+    default :no_lazy_load, true
+
+    # A whitelisted array of attributes you want sent over the wire when node
+    # data is saved.
+    # The default setting is nil, which collects all data. Setting to [] will not
+    # collect any data for save.
+    default :automatic_attribute_whitelist, nil
+    default :default_attribute_whitelist, nil
+    default :normal_attribute_whitelist, nil
+    default :override_attribute_whitelist, nil
+
+    # A blacklisted array of attributes you do not want to send over the
+    # wire when node data is saved
+    # The default setting is nil, which collects all data. Setting to [] will
+    # still collect all data for save
+    default :automatic_attribute_blacklist, nil
+    default :default_attribute_blacklist, nil
+    default :normal_attribute_blacklist, nil
+    default :override_attribute_blacklist, nil
+
+    # Pull down all the rubygems versions from rubygems and cache them the first time we do a gem_package or
+    # chef_gem install.  This is memory-expensive and will grow without bounds, but will reduce network
+    # round trips.
+    default :rubygems_cache_enabled, false
+
+    config_context :windows_service do
+      # Set `watchdog_timeout` to the number of seconds to wait for a chef-client run
+      # to finish
+      default :watchdog_timeout, 2 * (60 * 60) # 2 hours
+    end
+
+    # Add an empty and non-strict config_context for chefdk. This lets the user
+    # have code like `chefdk.generator_cookbook "/path/to/cookbook"` in their
+    # config.rb, and it will be ignored by tools like knife and ohai. ChefDK
+    # itself can define the config options it accepts and enable strict mode,
+    # and that will only apply when running `chef` commands.
+    config_context :chefdk do
+    end
+
+    # Configuration options for Data Collector reporting. These settings allow
+    # the user to configure where to send their Data Collector data, what token
+    # to send, and whether Data Collector should report its findings in client
+    # mode vs. solo mode.
+    config_context :data_collector do
+      # Full URL to the endpoint that will receive our data. If nil, the
+      # data collector will not run.
+      # Ex: http://my-data-collector.mycompany.com/ingest
+      default(:server_url) do
+        if config_parent.solo || config_parent.local_mode
+          nil
+        else
+          File.join(config_parent.chef_server_url, "/data-collector")
+        end
+      end
+
+      # An optional pre-shared token to pass as an HTTP header (x-data-collector-token)
+      # that can be used to determine whether or not the poster of this
+      # run data should be trusted.
+      # Ex: some-uuid-here
+      default :token,            nil
+
+      # The Chef mode during which Data Collector is allowed to function. This
+      # can be used to run Data Collector only when running as Chef Solo but
+      # not when using Chef Client.
+      # Options: :solo (for both Solo Legacy Mode and Client Local Mode), :client, :both
+      default :mode,             :both
+
+      # When the Data Collector cannot send the "starting a run" message to
+      # the Data Collector server, the Data Collector will be disabled for that
+      # run. In some situations, such as highly-regulated environments, it
+      # may be more reasonable to prevent Chef from performing the actual run.
+      # In these situations, setting this value to true will cause the Chef
+      # run to raise an exception before starting any converge activities.
+      default :raise_on_failure, false
+
+      # A user-supplied Organization string that can be sent in payloads
+      # generated by the DataCollector when Chef is run in Solo mode. This
+      # allows users to associate their Solo nodes with faux organizations
+      # without the nodes being connected to an actual Chef Server.
+      default :organization, nil
+    end
+
+    configurable(:http_proxy)
+    configurable(:http_proxy_user)
+    configurable(:http_proxy_pass)
+    configurable(:https_proxy)
+    configurable(:https_proxy_user)
+    configurable(:https_proxy_pass)
+    configurable(:ftp_proxy)
+    configurable(:ftp_proxy_user)
+    configurable(:ftp_proxy_pass)
+    configurable(:no_proxy)
+
+    # Public method that users should call to export proxies to the appropriate
+    # environment variables.  This method should be called after the config file is
+    # parsed and loaded.
+    # TODO add some post-file-parsing logic that automatically calls this so
+    # users don't have to
+    def self.export_proxies
+      export_proxy("http", http_proxy, http_proxy_user, http_proxy_pass) if http_proxy
+      export_proxy("https", https_proxy, https_proxy_user, https_proxy_pass) if https_proxy
+      export_proxy("ftp", ftp_proxy, ftp_proxy_user, ftp_proxy_pass) if ftp_proxy
+      export_no_proxy(no_proxy) if no_proxy
+    end
+
+    # Character classes for Addressable
+    # See https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt 3.2.1
+    # The user part may not have a : in it
+    USER = Addressable::URI::CharacterClasses::UNRESERVED + Addressable::URI::CharacterClasses::SUB_DELIMS
+    # The password part may have any valid USERINFO characters
+    PASSWORD = USER + "\\:"
+
+    # Builds a proxy uri and exports it to the appropriate environment variables. Examples:
+    #   http://username:password@hostname:port
+    #   https://username@hostname:port
+    #   ftp://hostname:port
+    # when
+    #   scheme = "http", "https", or "ftp"
+    #   hostport = hostname:port or scheme://hostname:port
+    #   user = username
+    #   pass = password
+    # @api private
+    def self.export_proxy(scheme, path, user, pass)
+      path = "#{scheme}://#{path}" unless path.include?("://")
+      # URI.split returns the following parts:
+      # [scheme, userinfo, host, port, registry, path, opaque, query, fragment]
+      uri = Addressable::URI.encode(path, Addressable::URI)
+
+      if user && !user.empty?
+        userinfo = Addressable::URI.encode_component(user, USER)
+        if pass
+          userinfo << ":#{Addressable::URI.encode_component(pass, PASSWORD)}"
+        end
+        uri.userinfo = userinfo
+      end
+
+      path = uri.to_s
+      ENV["#{scheme}_proxy".downcase] = path unless ENV["#{scheme}_proxy".downcase]
+      ENV["#{scheme}_proxy".upcase] = path unless ENV["#{scheme}_proxy".upcase]
+    end
+
+    # @api private
+    def self.export_no_proxy(value)
+      ENV["no_proxy"] = value unless ENV["no_proxy"]
+      ENV["NO_PROXY"] = value unless ENV["NO_PROXY"]
+    end
+
+    # Given a scheme, host, and port, return the correct proxy URI based on the
+    # set environment variables, unless exluded by no_proxy, in which case nil
+    # is returned
+    def self.proxy_uri(scheme, host, port)
+      proxy_env_var = ENV["#{scheme}_proxy"].to_s.strip
+
+      # Check if the proxy string contains a scheme. If not, add the url's scheme to the
+      # proxy before parsing. The regex /^.*:\/\// matches, for example, http://. Reusing proxy
+      # here since we are really just trying to get the string built correctly.
+      proxy = if !proxy_env_var.empty?
+                if proxy_env_var =~ /^.*:\/\//
+                  URI.parse(proxy_env_var)
+                else
+                  URI.parse("#{scheme}://#{proxy_env_var}")
+                end
+              end
+
+      return proxy unless fuzzy_hostname_match_any?(host, ENV["no_proxy"])
+    end
+
+    # Chef requires an English-language UTF-8 locale to function properly.  We attempt
+    # to use the 'locale -a' command and search through a list of preferences until we
+    # find one that we can use.  On Ubuntu systems we should find 'C.UTF-8' and be
+    # able to use that even if there is no English locale on the server, but Mac, Solaris,
+    # AIX, etc do not have that locale.  We then try to find an English locale and fall
+    # back to 'C' if we do not.  The choice of fallback is pick-your-poison.  If we try
+    # to do the work to return a non-US UTF-8 locale then we fail inside of providers when
+    # things like 'svn info' return Japanese and we can't parse them.  OTOH, if we pick 'C' then
+    # we will blow up on UTF-8 characters.  Between the warn we throw and the Encoding
+    # exception that ruby will throw it is more obvious what is broken if we drop UTF-8 by
+    # default rather than drop English.
+    #
+    # If there is no 'locale -a' then we return 'en_US.UTF-8' since that is the most commonly
+    # available English UTF-8 locale.  However, all modern POSIXen should support 'locale -a'.
+    def self.guess_internal_locale
+      # https://github.com/chef/chef/issues/2181
+      # Some systems have the `locale -a` command, but the result has
+      # invalid characters for the default encoding.
+      #
+      # For example, on CentOS 6 with ENV['LANG'] = "en_US.UTF-8",
+      # `locale -a`.split fails with ArgumentError invalid UTF-8 encoding.
+      cmd = Mixlib::ShellOut.new("locale -a").run_command
+      cmd.error!
+      locales = cmd.stdout.split
+      case
+      when locales.include?("C.UTF-8")
+        "C.UTF-8"
+      when locales.include?("en_US.UTF-8"), locales.include?("en_US.utf8")
+        "en_US.UTF-8"
+      when locales.include?("en.UTF-8")
+        "en.UTF-8"
+      else
+        # Will match en_ZZ.UTF-8, en_ZZ.utf-8, en_ZZ.UTF8, en_ZZ.utf8
+        guesses = locales.select { |l| l =~ /^en_.*UTF-?8$/i }
+        unless guesses.empty?
+          guessed_locale = guesses.first
+          # Transform into the form en_ZZ.UTF-8
+          guessed_locale.gsub(/UTF-?8$/i, "UTF-8")
+        else
+          ChefConfig.logger.warn "Please install an English UTF-8 locale for Chef to use, falling back to C locale and disabling UTF-8 support."
+          "C"
+        end
+      end
+    rescue
+      if ChefConfig.windows?
+        ChefConfig.logger.trace "Defaulting to locale en_US.UTF-8 on Windows, until it matters that we do something else."
+      else
+        ChefConfig.logger.trace "No usable locale -a command found, assuming you have en_US.UTF-8 installed."
+      end
+      "en_US.UTF-8"
+    end
+
+    default :internal_locale, guess_internal_locale
+
+    # Force UTF-8 Encoding, for when we fire up in the 'C' locale or other strange locales (e.g.
+    # japanese windows encodings).  If we do not do this, then knife upload will fail when a cookbook's
+    # README.md has UTF-8 characters that do not encode in whatever surrounding encoding we have been
+    # passed.  Effectively, the Chef Ecosystem is globally UTF-8 by default.  Anyone who wants to be
+    # able to upload Shift_JIS or ISO-8859-1 files needs to mark *those* files explicitly with
+    # magic tags to make ruby correctly identify the encoding being used.  Changing this default will
+    # break Chef community cookbooks and is very highly discouraged.
+    default :ruby_encoding, Encoding::UTF_8
+
+    # can be set to a string or array of strings for URIs to set as rubygems sources
+    default :rubygems_url, "https://www.rubygems.org"
+
+    # If installed via an omnibus installer, this gives the path to the
+    # "embedded" directory which contains all of the software packaged with
+    # omnibus. This is used to locate the cacert.pem file on windows.
+    def self.embedded_dir
+      Pathname.new(_this_file).ascend do |path|
+        if path.basename.to_s == "embedded"
+          return path.to_s
+        end
+      end
+
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Path to this file in the current install.
+    def self._this_file
+      File.expand_path(__FILE__)
+    end
+
+    # Set fips mode in openssl. Do any patching necessary to make
+    # sure Chef runs do not crash.
+    # @api private
+    def self.enable_fips_mode
+      OpenSSL.fips_mode = true
+      require "digest"
+      require "digest/sha1"
+      require "digest/md5"
+      # Remove pre-existing constants if they do exist to reduce the
+      # amount of log spam and warnings.
+      Digest.send(:remove_const, "SHA1") if Digest.const_defined?("SHA1")
+      Digest.const_set("SHA1", OpenSSL::Digest::SHA1)
+      OpenSSL::Digest.send(:remove_const, "MD5") if OpenSSL::Digest.const_defined?("MD5")
+      OpenSSL::Digest.const_set("MD5", Digest::MD5)
+      ChefConfig.logger.debug "FIPS mode is enabled."
+    end
+  end
+end