challah 1.0.0.beta3 → 1.0.0

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activeresource-3.2.13/MIT-LICENSE

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-Copyright (c) 2006-2011 David Heinemeier Hansson
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
-a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
-permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
-the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
-included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
-NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
-LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
-OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
-WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activeresource-3.2.13/README.rdoc

@@ -1,187 +0,0 @@
-= Active Resource
-
-Active Resource (ARes) connects business objects and Representational State Transfer (REST)
-web services.  It implements object-relational mapping for REST web services to provide transparent
-proxying capabilities between a client (ActiveResource) and a RESTful service (which is provided by Simply RESTful routing
-in ActionController::Resources).
-
-== Philosophy
-
-Active Resource attempts to provide a coherent wrapper object-relational mapping for REST
-web services. It follows the same philosophy as Active Record, in that one of its prime aims
-is to reduce the amount of code needed to map to these resources.  This is made possible
-by relying on a number of code- and protocol-based conventions that make it easy for Active Resource
-to infer complex relations and structures.  These conventions are outlined in detail in the documentation
-for ActiveResource::Base.
-
-== Overview
-
-Model classes are mapped to remote REST resources by Active Resource much the same way Active Record maps model classes to database
-tables.  When a request is made to a remote resource, a REST XML request is generated, transmitted, and the result
-received and serialized into a usable Ruby object.
-
-== Download and installation
-
-The latest version of Active Resource can be installed with RubyGems:
-
-  % [sudo] gem install activeresource
-
-Source code can be downloaded as part of the Rails project on GitHub
-
-* https://github.com/rails/rails/tree/3-2-stable/activeresource
-
-=== Configuration and Usage
-
-Putting Active Resource to use is very similar to Active Record.  It's as simple as creating a model class
-that inherits from ActiveResource::Base and providing a <tt>site</tt> class variable to it:
-
-   class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-     self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000"
-   end
-
-Now the Person class is REST enabled and can invoke REST services very similarly to how Active Record invokes
-life cycle methods that operate against a persistent store.
-
-   # Find a person with id = 1
-   ryan = Person.find(1)
-   Person.exists?(1)  # => true
-
-As you can see, the methods are quite similar to Active Record's methods for dealing with database
-records.  But rather than dealing directly with a database record, you're dealing with HTTP resources (which may or may not be database records).
-
-==== Protocol
-
-Active Resource is built on a standard XML format for requesting and submitting resources over HTTP.  It mirrors the RESTful routing
-built into Action Controller but will also work with any other REST service that properly implements the protocol.
-REST uses HTTP, but unlike "typical" web applications, it makes use of all the verbs available in the HTTP specification:
-
-* GET requests are used for finding and retrieving resources.
-* POST requests are used to create new resources.
-* PUT requests are used to update existing resources.
-* DELETE requests are used to delete resources.
-
-For more information on how this protocol works with Active Resource, see the ActiveResource::Base documentation;
-for more general information on REST web services, see the article here[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_State_Transfer].
-
-==== Find
-
-Find requests use the GET method and expect the XML form of whatever resource/resources is/are being requested.  So,
-for a request for a single element, the XML of that item is expected in response:
-
-   # Expects a response of
-   #
-   # <person><id type="integer">1</id><attribute1>value1</attribute1><attribute2>..</attribute2></person>
-   #
-   # for GET http://api.people.com:3000/people/1.xml
-   #
-   ryan = Person.find(1)
-
-The XML document that is received is used to build a new object of type Person, with each
-XML element becoming an attribute on the object.
-
-   ryan.is_a? Person  # => true
-   ryan.attribute1  # => 'value1'
-
-Any complex element (one that contains other elements) becomes its own object:
-
-   # With this response:
-   #
-   # <person><id>1</id><attribute1>value1</attribute1><complex><attribute2>value2</attribute2></complex></person>
-   #
-   # for GET http://api.people.com:3000/people/1.xml
-   #
-   ryan = Person.find(1)
-   ryan.complex  # => <Person::Complex::xxxxx>
-   ryan.complex.attribute2  # => 'value2'
-
-Collections can also be requested in a similar fashion
-
-   # Expects a response of
-   #
-   # <people type="array">
-   #  <person><id type="integer">1</id><first>Ryan</first></person>
-   #  <person><id type="integer">2</id><first>Jim</first></person>
-   # </people>
-   #
-   # for GET http://api.people.com:3000/people.xml
-   #
-   people = Person.all
-   people.first  # => <Person::xxx 'first' => 'Ryan' ...>
-   people.last  # => <Person::xxx 'first' => 'Jim' ...>
-
-==== Create
-
-Creating a new resource submits the XML form of the resource as the body of the request and expects
-a 'Location' header in the response with the RESTful URL location of the newly created resource.  The
-id of the newly created resource is parsed out of the Location response header and automatically set
-as the id of the ARes object.
-
-  # <person><first>Ryan</first></person>
-  #
-  # is submitted as the body on
-  #
-  # POST http://api.people.com:3000/people.xml
-  #
-  # when save is called on a new Person object.  An empty response is
-  # is expected with a 'Location' header value:
-  #
-  # Response (201): Location: http://api.people.com:3000/people/2
-  #
-  ryan = Person.new(:first => 'Ryan')
-  ryan.new?  # => true
-  ryan.save  # => true
-  ryan.new?  # => false
-  ryan.id    # => 2
-
-==== Update
-
-'save' is also used to update an existing resource and follows the same protocol as creating a resource
-with the exception that no response headers are needed -- just an empty response when the update on the
-server side was successful.
-
-  # <person><first>Ryan</first></person>
-  #
-  # is submitted as the body on
-  #
-  # PUT http://api.people.com:3000/people/1.xml
-  #
-  # when save is called on an existing Person object.  An empty response is
-  # is expected with code (204)
-  #
-  ryan = Person.find(1)
-  ryan.first # => 'Ryan'
-  ryan.first = 'Rizzle'
-  ryan.save  # => true
-
-==== Delete
-
-Destruction of a resource can be invoked as a class and instance method of the resource.
-
-  # A request is made to
-  #
-  # DELETE http://api.people.com:3000/people/1.xml
-  #
-  # for both of these forms.  An empty response with
-  # is expected with response code (200)
-  #
-  ryan = Person.find(1)
-  ryan.destroy  # => true
-  ryan.exists?  # => false
-  Person.delete(2)  # => true
-  Person.exists?(2) # => false
-
-== License
-
-Active Resource is released under the MIT license.
-
-== Support
-
-API documentation is at
-
-* http://api.rubyonrails.org
-
-Bug reports and feature requests can be filed with the rest for the Ruby on Rails project here:
-
-* https://github.com/rails/rails/issues
-
-You can find more usage information in the ActiveResource::Base documentation.

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activeresource-3.2.13/examples/performance.rb

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-require 'rubygems'
-require 'active_resource'
-require 'benchmark'
-
-TIMES = (ENV['N'] || 10_000).to_i
-
-# deep nested resource
-attrs = {
-  :id => 1,
-  :name => 'Luis',
-  :age => 21,
-  :friends => [
-    {
-      :name => 'JK',
-      :age => 24,
-      :colors => ['red', 'green', 'blue'],
-      :brothers => [
-        {
-          :name => 'Mateo',
-          :age => 35,
-          :children => [{ :name => 'Edith', :age => 5 }, { :name => 'Martha', :age => 4 }]
-        },
-        {
-          :name => 'Felipe',
-          :age => 33,
-          :children => [{ :name => 'Bryan', :age => 1 }, { :name => 'Luke', :age => 0 }]
-        }
-      ]
-    },
-    {
-      :name => 'Eduardo',
-      :age => 20,
-      :colors => [],
-      :brothers => [
-        {
-          :name => 'Sebas',
-          :age => 23,
-          :children => [{ :name => 'Andres', :age => 0 }, { :name => 'Jorge', :age => 2 }]
-        },
-        {
-          :name => 'Elsa',
-          :age => 19,
-          :children => [{ :name => 'Natacha', :age => 1 }]
-        },
-        {
-          :name => 'Milena',
-          :age => 16,
-          :children => []
-        }
-      ]
-    }
-  ]
-}
-
-class Customer < ActiveResource::Base
-  self.site = "http://37s.sunrise.i:3000"
-end
-
-module Nested
-  class Customer < ActiveResource::Base
-    self.site = "http://37s.sunrise.i:3000"
-  end
-end
-
-Benchmark.bm(40) do |x|
-  x.report('Model.new (instantiation)')              { TIMES.times { Customer.new } }
-  x.report('Nested::Model.new (instantiation)')      { TIMES.times { Nested::Customer.new } }
-  x.report('Model.new (setting attributes)')         { TIMES.times { Customer.new attrs } }
-  x.report('Nested::Model.new (setting attributes)') { TIMES.times { Nested::Customer.new attrs } }
-end

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activeresource-3.2.13/lib/active_resource.rb

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-#--
-# Copyright (c) 2006-2011 David Heinemeier Hansson
-#
-# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
-# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
-# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
-# the following conditions:
-#
-# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
-# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-#
-# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
-# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
-# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
-# LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
-# OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
-# WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-#++
-
-activesupport_path = File.expand_path('../../../activesupport/lib', __FILE__)
-$:.unshift(activesupport_path) if File.directory?(activesupport_path) && !$:.include?(activesupport_path)
-
-activemodel_path = File.expand_path('../../../activemodel/lib', __FILE__)
-$:.unshift(activemodel_path) if File.directory?(activemodel_path) && !$:.include?(activemodel_path)
-
-require 'active_support'
-require 'active_model'
-require 'active_resource/exceptions'
-require 'active_resource/version'
-
-module ActiveResource
-  extend ActiveSupport::Autoload
-
-  autoload :Base
-  autoload :Connection
-  autoload :CustomMethods
-  autoload :Formats
-  autoload :HttpMock
-  autoload :Observing
-  autoload :Schema
-  autoload :Validations
-end

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activeresource-3.2.13/lib/active_resource/base.rb

@@ -1,1482 +0,0 @@
-require 'active_support'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute_accessors'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/kernel/reporting'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/delegation'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/module/aliasing'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/to_query'
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/duplicable'
-require 'set'
-require 'uri'
-
-require 'active_support/core_ext/uri'
-require 'active_resource/connection'
-require 'active_resource/formats'
-require 'active_resource/schema'
-require 'active_resource/log_subscriber'
-
-module ActiveResource
-  # ActiveResource::Base is the main class for mapping RESTful resources as models in a Rails application.
-  #
-  # For an outline of what Active Resource is capable of, see its {README}[link:files/activeresource/README_rdoc.html].
-  #
-  # == Automated mapping
-  #
-  # Active Resource objects represent your RESTful resources as manipulatable Ruby objects.  To map resources
-  # to Ruby objects, Active Resource only needs a class name that corresponds to the resource name (e.g., the class
-  # Person maps to the resources people, very similarly to Active Record) and a +site+ value, which holds the
-  # URI of the resources.
-  #
-  #   class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-  #     self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
-  #   end
-  #
-  # Now the Person class is mapped to RESTful resources located at <tt>http://api.people.com:3000/people/</tt>, and
-  # you can now use Active Resource's life cycle methods to manipulate resources. In the case where you already have
-  # an existing model with the same name as the desired RESTful resource you can set the +element_name+ value.
-  #
-  #   class PersonResource < ActiveResource::Base
-  #     self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
-  #     self.element_name = "person"
-  #   end
-  #
-  # If your Active Resource object is required to use an HTTP proxy you can set the +proxy+ value which holds a URI.
-  #
-  #   class PersonResource < ActiveResource::Base
-  #     self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
-  #     self.proxy = "http://user:password@proxy.people.com:8080"
-  #   end
-  #
-  #
-  # == Life cycle methods
-  #
-  # Active Resource exposes methods for creating, finding, updating, and deleting resources
-  # from REST web services.
-  #
-  #   ryan = Person.new(:first => 'Ryan', :last => 'Daigle')
-  #   ryan.save                # => true
-  #   ryan.id                  # => 2
-  #   Person.exists?(ryan.id)  # => true
-  #   ryan.exists?             # => true
-  #
-  #   ryan = Person.find(1)
-  #   # Resource holding our newly created Person object
-  #
-  #   ryan.first = 'Rizzle'
-  #   ryan.save                # => true
-  #
-  #   ryan.destroy             # => true
-  #
-  # As you can see, these are very similar to Active Record's life cycle methods for database records.
-  # You can read more about each of these methods in their respective documentation.
-  #
-  # === Custom REST methods
-  #
-  # Since simple CRUD/life cycle methods can't accomplish every task, Active Resource also supports
-  # defining your own custom REST methods. To invoke them, Active Resource provides the <tt>get</tt>,
-  # <tt>post</tt>, <tt>put</tt> and <tt>\delete</tt> methods where you can specify a custom REST method
-  # name to invoke.
-  #
-  #   # POST to the custom 'register' REST method, i.e. POST /people/new/register.json.
-  #   Person.new(:name => 'Ryan').post(:register)
-  #   # => { :id => 1, :name => 'Ryan', :position => 'Clerk' }
-  #
-  #   # PUT an update by invoking the 'promote' REST method, i.e. PUT /people/1/promote.json?position=Manager.
-  #   Person.find(1).put(:promote, :position => 'Manager')
-  #   # => { :id => 1, :name => 'Ryan', :position => 'Manager' }
-  #
-  #   # GET all the positions available, i.e. GET /people/positions.json.
-  #   Person.get(:positions)
-  #   # => [{:name => 'Manager'}, {:name => 'Clerk'}]
-  #
-  #   # DELETE to 'fire' a person, i.e. DELETE /people/1/fire.json.
-  #   Person.find(1).delete(:fire)
-  #
-  # For more information on using custom REST methods, see the
-  # ActiveResource::CustomMethods documentation.
-  #
-  # == Validations
-  #
-  # You can validate resources client side by overriding validation methods in the base class.
-  #
-  #   class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-  #      self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
-  #      protected
-  #        def validate
-  #          errors.add("last", "has invalid characters") unless last =~ /[a-zA-Z]*/
-  #        end
-  #   end
-  #
-  # See the ActiveResource::Validations documentation for more information.
-  #
-  # == Authentication
-  #
-  # Many REST APIs will require authentication, usually in the form of basic
-  # HTTP authentication.  Authentication can be specified by:
-  #
-  # === HTTP Basic Authentication
-  # * putting the credentials in the URL for the +site+ variable.
-  #
-  #    class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-  #      self.site = "http://ryan:password@api.people.com:3000/"
-  #    end
-  #
-  # * defining +user+ and/or +password+ variables
-  #
-  #    class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-  #      self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
-  #      self.user = "ryan"
-  #      self.password = "password"
-  #    end
-  #
-  # For obvious security reasons, it is probably best if such services are available
-  # over HTTPS.
-  #
-  # Note: Some values cannot be provided in the URL passed to site.  e.g. email addresses
-  # as usernames.  In those situations you should use the separate user and password option.
-  #
-  # === Certificate Authentication
-  #
-  # * End point uses an X509 certificate for authentication. <tt>See ssl_options=</tt> for all options.
-  #
-  #    class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-  #      self.site = "https://secure.api.people.com/"
-  #      self.ssl_options = {:cert         => OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new(File.open(pem_file))
-  #                          :key          => OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(File.open(pem_file)),
-  #                          :ca_path      => "/path/to/OpenSSL/formatted/CA_Certs",
-  #                          :verify_mode  => OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER}
-  #    end
-  #
-  #
-  # == Errors & Validation
-  #
-  # Error handling and validation is handled in much the same manner as you're used to seeing in
-  # Active Record.  Both the response code in the HTTP response and the body of the response are used to
-  # indicate that an error occurred.
-  #
-  # === Resource errors
-  #
-  # When a GET is requested for a resource that does not exist, the HTTP <tt>404</tt> (Resource Not Found)
-  # response code will be returned from the server which will raise an ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
-  # exception.
-  #
-  #   # GET http://api.people.com:3000/people/999.json
-  #   ryan = Person.find(999) # 404, raises ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
-  #
-  #
-  # <tt>404</tt> is just one of the HTTP error response codes that Active Resource will handle with its own exception. The
-  # following HTTP response codes will also result in these exceptions:
-  #
-  # * 200..399 - Valid response. No exceptions, other than these redirects:
-  # * 301, 302, 303, 307 - ActiveResource::Redirection
-  # * 400 - ActiveResource::BadRequest
-  # * 401 - ActiveResource::UnauthorizedAccess
-  # * 403 - ActiveResource::ForbiddenAccess
-  # * 404 - ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
-  # * 405 - ActiveResource::MethodNotAllowed
-  # * 409 - ActiveResource::ResourceConflict
-  # * 410 - ActiveResource::ResourceGone
-  # * 422 - ActiveResource::ResourceInvalid (rescued by save as validation errors)
-  # * 401..499 - ActiveResource::ClientError
-  # * 500..599 - ActiveResource::ServerError
-  # * Other - ActiveResource::ConnectionError
-  #
-  # These custom exceptions allow you to deal with resource errors more naturally and with more precision
-  # rather than returning a general HTTP error.  For example:
-  #
-  #   begin
-  #     ryan = Person.find(my_id)
-  #   rescue ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
-  #     redirect_to :action => 'not_found'
-  #   rescue ActiveResource::ResourceConflict, ActiveResource::ResourceInvalid
-  #     redirect_to :action => 'new'
-  #   end
-  #
-  # When a GET is requested for a nested resource and you don't provide the prefix_param
-  # an ActiveResource::MissingPrefixParam will be raised.
-  #
-  #  class Comment < ActiveResource::Base
-  #    self.site = "http://someip.com/posts/:post_id/"
-  #  end
-  #
-  #  Comment.find(1)
-  #  # => ActiveResource::MissingPrefixParam: post_id prefix_option is missing
-  #
-  # === Validation errors
-  #
-  # Active Resource supports validations on resources and will return errors if any of these validations fail
-  # (e.g., "First name can not be blank" and so on).  These types of errors are denoted in the response by
-  # a response code of <tt>422</tt> and an XML or JSON representation of the validation errors.  The save operation will
-  # then fail (with a <tt>false</tt> return value) and the validation errors can be accessed on the resource in question.
-  #
-  #   ryan = Person.find(1)
-  #   ryan.first # => ''
-  #   ryan.save  # => false
-  #
-  #   # When
-  #   # PUT http://api.people.com:3000/people/1.json
-  #   # or
-  #   # PUT http://api.people.com:3000/people/1.json
-  #   # is requested with invalid values, the response is:
-  #   #
-  #   # Response (422):
-  #   # <errors><error>First cannot be empty</error></errors>
-  #   # or
-  #   # {"errors":["First cannot be empty"]}
-  #   #
-  #
-  #   ryan.errors.invalid?(:first)  # => true
-  #   ryan.errors.full_messages     # => ['First cannot be empty']
-  #
-  # Learn more about Active Resource's validation features in the ActiveResource::Validations documentation.
-  #
-  # === Timeouts
-  #
-  # Active Resource relies on HTTP to access RESTful APIs and as such is inherently susceptible to slow or
-  # unresponsive servers. In such cases, your Active Resource method calls could \timeout. You can control the
-  # amount of time before Active Resource times out with the +timeout+ variable.
-  #
-  #   class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-  #     self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
-  #     self.timeout = 5
-  #   end
-  #
-  # This sets the +timeout+ to 5 seconds. You can adjust the +timeout+ to a value suitable for the RESTful API
-  # you are accessing. It is recommended to set this to a reasonably low value to allow your Active Resource
-  # clients (especially if you are using Active Resource in a Rails application) to fail-fast (see
-  # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-fast) rather than cause cascading failures that could incapacitate your
-  # server.
-  #
-  # When a \timeout occurs, an ActiveResource::TimeoutError is raised. You should rescue from
-  # ActiveResource::TimeoutError in your Active Resource method calls.
-  #
-  # Internally, Active Resource relies on Ruby's Net::HTTP library to make HTTP requests. Setting +timeout+
-  # sets the <tt>read_timeout</tt> of the internal Net::HTTP instance to the same value. The default
-  # <tt>read_timeout</tt> is 60 seconds on most Ruby implementations.
-  class Base
-    ##
-    # :singleton-method:
-    # The logger for diagnosing and tracing Active Resource calls.
-    cattr_accessor :logger
-
-    class_attribute :_format
-
-    class << self
-      # Creates a schema for this resource - setting the attributes that are
-      # known prior to fetching an instance from the remote system.
-      #
-      # The schema helps define the set of <tt>known_attributes</tt> of the
-      # current resource.
-      #
-      # There is no need to specify a schema for your Active Resource. If
-      # you do not, the <tt>known_attributes</tt> will be guessed from the
-      # instance attributes returned when an instance is fetched from the
-      # remote system.
-      #
-      # example:
-      # class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-      #   schema do
-      #     # define each attribute separately
-      #     attribute 'name', :string
-      #
-      #     # or use the convenience methods and pass >=1 attribute names
-      #     string  'eye_color', 'hair_color'
-      #     integer 'age'
-      #     float   'height', 'weight'
-      #
-      #     # unsupported types should be left as strings
-      #     # overload the accessor methods if you need to convert them
-      #     attribute 'created_at', 'string'
-      #   end
-      # end
-      #
-      # p = Person.new
-      # p.respond_to? :name   # => true
-      # p.respond_to? :age    # => true
-      # p.name                # => nil
-      # p.age                 # => nil
-      #
-      # j = Person.find_by_name('John') # <person><name>John</name><age>34</age><num_children>3</num_children></person>
-      # j.respond_to? :name   # => true
-      # j.respond_to? :age    # => true
-      # j.name                # => 'John'
-      # j.age                 # => '34'  # note this is a string!
-      # j.num_children        # => '3'  # note this is a string!
-      #
-      # p.num_children        # => NoMethodError
-      #
-      # Attribute-types must be one of:
-      #  string, integer, float
-      #
-      # Note: at present the attribute-type doesn't do anything, but stay
-      # tuned...
-      # Shortly it will also *cast* the value of the returned attribute.
-      # ie:
-      # j.age                 # => 34   # cast to an integer
-      # j.weight              # => '65' # still a string!
-      #
-      def schema(&block)
-        if block_given?
-          schema_definition = Schema.new
-          schema_definition.instance_eval(&block)
-
-          # skip out if we didn't define anything
-          return unless schema_definition.attrs.present?
-
-          @schema ||= {}.with_indifferent_access
-          @known_attributes ||= []
-
-          schema_definition.attrs.each do |k,v|
-            @schema[k] = v
-            @known_attributes << k
-          end
-
-          schema
-        else
-          @schema ||= nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Alternative, direct way to specify a <tt>schema</tt> for this
-      # Resource. <tt>schema</tt> is more flexible, but this is quick
-      # for a very simple schema.
-      #
-      # Pass the schema as a hash with the keys being the attribute-names
-      # and the value being one of the accepted attribute types (as defined
-      # in <tt>schema</tt>)
-      #
-      # example:
-      #
-      # class Person < ActiveResource::Base
-      #   schema = {'name' => :string, 'age' => :integer }
-      # end
-      #
-      # The keys/values can be strings or symbols. They will be converted to
-      # strings.
-      #
-      def schema=(the_schema)
-        unless the_schema.present?
-          # purposefully nulling out the schema
-          @schema = nil
-          @known_attributes = []
-          return
-        end
-
-        raise ArgumentError, "Expected a hash" unless the_schema.kind_of? Hash
-
-        schema do
-          the_schema.each {|k,v| attribute(k,v) }
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Returns the list of known attributes for this resource, gathered
-      # from the provided <tt>schema</tt>
-      # Attributes that are known will cause your resource to return 'true'
-      # when <tt>respond_to?</tt> is called on them. A known attribute will
-      # return nil if not set (rather than <t>MethodNotFound</tt>); thus
-      # known attributes can be used with <tt>validates_presence_of</tt>
-      # without a getter-method.
-      def known_attributes
-        @known_attributes ||= []
-      end
-
-      # Gets the URI of the REST resources to map for this class.  The site variable is required for
-      # Active Resource's mapping to work.
-      def site
-        # Not using superclass_delegating_reader because don't want subclasses to modify superclass instance
-        #
-        # With superclass_delegating_reader
-        #
-        #   Parent.site = 'http://anonymous@test.com'
-        #   Subclass.site # => 'http://anonymous@test.com'
-        #   Subclass.site.user = 'david'
-        #   Parent.site # => 'http://david@test.com'
-        #
-        # Without superclass_delegating_reader (expected behavior)
-        #
-        #   Parent.site = 'http://anonymous@test.com'
-        #   Subclass.site # => 'http://anonymous@test.com'
-        #   Subclass.site.user = 'david' # => TypeError: can't modify frozen object
-        #
-        if defined?(@site)
-          @site
-        elsif superclass != Object && superclass.site
-          superclass.site.dup.freeze
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Sets the URI of the REST resources to map for this class to the value in the +site+ argument.
-      # The site variable is required for Active Resource's mapping to work.
-      def site=(site)
-        @connection = nil
-        if site.nil?
-          @site = nil
-        else
-          @site = create_site_uri_from(site)
-          @user = URI.parser.unescape(@site.user) if @site.user
-          @password = URI.parser.unescape(@site.password) if @site.password
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Gets the \proxy variable if a proxy is required
-      def proxy
-        # Not using superclass_delegating_reader. See +site+ for explanation
-        if defined?(@proxy)
-          @proxy
-        elsif superclass != Object && superclass.proxy
-          superclass.proxy.dup.freeze
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Sets the URI of the http proxy to the value in the +proxy+ argument.
-      def proxy=(proxy)
-        @connection = nil
-        @proxy = proxy.nil? ? nil : create_proxy_uri_from(proxy)
-      end
-
-      # Gets the \user for REST HTTP authentication.
-      def user
-        # Not using superclass_delegating_reader. See +site+ for explanation
-        if defined?(@user)
-          @user
-        elsif superclass != Object && superclass.user
-          superclass.user.dup.freeze
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Sets the \user for REST HTTP authentication.
-      def user=(user)
-        @connection = nil
-        @user = user
-      end
-
-      # Gets the \password for REST HTTP authentication.
-      def password
-        # Not using superclass_delegating_reader. See +site+ for explanation
-        if defined?(@password)
-          @password
-        elsif superclass != Object && superclass.password
-          superclass.password.dup.freeze
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Sets the \password for REST HTTP authentication.
-      def password=(password)
-        @connection = nil
-        @password = password
-      end
-
-      def auth_type
-        if defined?(@auth_type)
-          @auth_type
-        end
-      end
-
-      def auth_type=(auth_type)
-        @connection = nil
-        @auth_type = auth_type
-      end
-
-      # Sets the format that attributes are sent and received in from a mime type reference:
-      #
-      #   Person.format = :json
-      #   Person.find(1) # => GET /people/1.json
-      #
-      #   Person.format = ActiveResource::Formats::XmlFormat
-      #   Person.find(1) # => GET /people/1.xml
-      #
-      # Default format is <tt>:json</tt>.
-      def format=(mime_type_reference_or_format)
-        format = mime_type_reference_or_format.is_a?(Symbol) ?
-          ActiveResource::Formats[mime_type_reference_or_format] : mime_type_reference_or_format
-
-        self._format = format
-        connection.format = format if site
-      end
-
-      # Returns the current format, default is ActiveResource::Formats::JsonFormat.
-      def format
-        self._format || ActiveResource::Formats::JsonFormat
-      end
-
-      # Sets the number of seconds after which requests to the REST API should time out.
-      def timeout=(timeout)
-        @connection = nil
-        @timeout = timeout
-      end
-
-      # Gets the number of seconds after which requests to the REST API should time out.
-      def timeout
-        if defined?(@timeout)
-          @timeout
-        elsif superclass != Object && superclass.timeout
-          superclass.timeout
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Options that will get applied to an SSL connection.
-      #
-      # * <tt>:key</tt> - An OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
-      # * <tt>:cert</tt> - An OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object as client certificate
-      # * <tt>:ca_file</tt> - Path to a CA certification file in PEM format. The file can contain several CA certificates.
-      # * <tt>:ca_path</tt> - Path of a CA certification directory containing certifications in PEM format.
-      # * <tt>:verify_mode</tt> - Flags for server the certification verification at beginning of SSL/TLS session. (OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE or OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER is acceptable)
-      # * <tt>:verify_callback</tt> - The verify callback for the server certification verification.
-      # * <tt>:verify_depth</tt> - The maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
-      # * <tt>:cert_store</tt> - OpenSSL::X509::Store to verify peer certificate.
-      # * <tt>:ssl_timeout</tt> -The SSL timeout in seconds.
-      def ssl_options=(opts={})
-        @connection   = nil
-        @ssl_options  = opts
-      end
-
-      # Returns the SSL options hash.
-      def ssl_options
-        if defined?(@ssl_options)
-          @ssl_options
-        elsif superclass != Object && superclass.ssl_options
-          superclass.ssl_options
-        end
-      end
-
-      # An instance of ActiveResource::Connection that is the base \connection to the remote service.
-      # The +refresh+ parameter toggles whether or not the \connection is refreshed at every request
-      # or not (defaults to <tt>false</tt>).
-      def connection(refresh = false)
-        if defined?(@connection) || superclass == Object
-          @connection = Connection.new(site, format) if refresh || @connection.nil?
-          @connection.proxy = proxy if proxy
-          @connection.user = user if user
-          @connection.password = password if password
-          @connection.auth_type = auth_type if auth_type
-          @connection.timeout = timeout if timeout
-          @connection.ssl_options = ssl_options if ssl_options
-          @connection
-        else
-          superclass.connection
-        end
-      end
-
-      def headers
-        @headers ||= {}
-      end
-
-      attr_writer :element_name
-
-      def element_name
-        @element_name ||= model_name.element
-      end
-
-      attr_writer :collection_name
-
-      def collection_name
-        @collection_name ||= ActiveSupport::Inflector.pluralize(element_name)
-      end
-
-      attr_writer :primary_key
-
-      def primary_key
-        @primary_key ||= 'id'
-      end
-
-      # Gets the \prefix for a resource's nested URL (e.g., <tt>prefix/collectionname/1.json</tt>)
-      # This method is regenerated at runtime based on what the \prefix is set to.
-      def prefix(options={})
-        default = site.path
-        default << '/' unless default[-1..-1] == '/'
-        # generate the actual method based on the current site path
-        self.prefix = default
-        prefix(options)
-      end
-
-      # An attribute reader for the source string for the resource path \prefix.  This
-      # method is regenerated at runtime based on what the \prefix is set to.
-      def prefix_source
-        prefix # generate #prefix and #prefix_source methods first
-        prefix_source
-      end
-
-      # Sets the \prefix for a resource's nested URL (e.g., <tt>prefix/collectionname/1.json</tt>).
-      # Default value is <tt>site.path</tt>.
-      def prefix=(value = '/')
-        # Replace :placeholders with '#{embedded options[:lookups]}'
-        prefix_call = value.gsub(/:\w+/) { |key| "\#{URI.parser.escape options[#{key}].to_s}" }
-
-        # Clear prefix parameters in case they have been cached
-        @prefix_parameters = nil
-
-        silence_warnings do
-          # Redefine the new methods.
-          instance_eval <<-RUBY_EVAL, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
-            def prefix_source() "#{value}" end
-            def prefix(options={}) "#{prefix_call}" end
-          RUBY_EVAL
-        end
-      rescue Exception => e
-        logger.error "Couldn't set prefix: #{e}\n  #{code}" if logger
-        raise
-      end
-
-      alias_method :set_prefix, :prefix=  #:nodoc:
-
-      alias_method :set_element_name, :element_name=  #:nodoc:
-      alias_method :set_collection_name, :collection_name=  #:nodoc:
-
-      # Gets the element path for the given ID in +id+.  If the +query_options+ parameter is omitted, Rails
-      # will split from the \prefix options.
-      #
-      # ==== Options
-      # +prefix_options+ - A \hash to add a \prefix to the request for nested URLs (e.g., <tt>:account_id => 19</tt>
-      #                    would yield a URL like <tt>/accounts/19/purchases.json</tt>).
-      # +query_options+ - A \hash to add items to the query string for the request.
-      #
-      # ==== Examples
-      #   Post.element_path(1)
-      #   # => /posts/1.json
-      #
-      #   class Comment < ActiveResource::Base
-      #     self.site = "http://37s.sunrise.i/posts/:post_id/"
-      #   end
-      #
-      #   Comment.element_path(1, :post_id => 5)
-      #   # => /posts/5/comments/1.json
-      #
-      #   Comment.element_path(1, :post_id => 5, :active => 1)
-      #   # => /posts/5/comments/1.json?active=1
-      #
-      #   Comment.element_path(1, {:post_id => 5}, {:active => 1})
-      #   # => /posts/5/comments/1.json?active=1
-      #
-      def element_path(id, prefix_options = {}, query_options = nil)
-        check_prefix_options(prefix_options)
-
-        prefix_options, query_options = split_options(prefix_options) if query_options.nil?
-        "#{prefix(prefix_options)}#{collection_name}/#{URI.parser.escape id.to_s}.#{format.extension}#{query_string(query_options)}"
-      end
-
-      # Gets the new element path for REST resources.
-      #
-      # ==== Options
-      # * +prefix_options+ - A hash to add a prefix to the request for nested URLs (e.g., <tt>:account_id => 19</tt>
-      #   would yield a URL like <tt>/accounts/19/purchases/new.json</tt>).
-      #
-      # ==== Examples
-      #   Post.new_element_path
-      #   # => /posts/new.json
-      #
-      #   class Comment < ActiveResource::Base
-      #     self.site = "http://37s.sunrise.i/posts/:post_id/"
-      #   end
-      #
-      #   Comment.collection_path(:post_id => 5)
-      #   # => /posts/5/comments/new.json
-      def new_element_path(prefix_options = {})
-        "#{prefix(prefix_options)}#{collection_name}/new.#{format.extension}"
-      end
-
-      # Gets the collection path for the REST resources.  If the +query_options+ parameter is omitted, Rails
-      # will split from the +prefix_options+.
-      #
-      # ==== Options
-      # * +prefix_options+ - A hash to add a prefix to the request for nested URLs (e.g., <tt>:account_id => 19</tt>
-      #   would yield a URL like <tt>/accounts/19/purchases.json</tt>).
-      # * +query_options+ - A hash to add items to the query string for the request.
-      #
-      # ==== Examples
-      #   Post.collection_path
-      #   # => /posts.json
-      #
-      #   Comment.collection_path(:post_id => 5)
-      #   # => /posts/5/comments.json
-      #
-      #   Comment.collection_path(:post_id => 5, :active => 1)
-      #   # => /posts/5/comments.json?active=1
-      #
-      #   Comment.collection_path({:post_id => 5}, {:active => 1})
-      #   # => /posts/5/comments.json?active=1
-      #
-      def collection_path(prefix_options = {}, query_options = nil)
-        check_prefix_options(prefix_options)
-        prefix_options, query_options = split_options(prefix_options) if query_options.nil?
-        "#{prefix(prefix_options)}#{collection_name}.#{format.extension}#{query_string(query_options)}"
-      end
-
-      alias_method :set_primary_key, :primary_key=  #:nodoc:
-
-      # Builds a new, unsaved record using the default values from the remote server so
-      # that it can be used with RESTful forms.
-      #
-      # ==== Options
-      # * +attributes+ - A hash that overrides the default values from the server.
-      #
-      # Returns the new resource instance.
-      #
-      def build(attributes = {})
-        attrs = self.format.decode(connection.get("#{new_element_path}").body).merge(attributes)
-        self.new(attrs)
-      end
-
-      # Creates a new resource instance and makes a request to the remote service
-      # that it be saved, making it equivalent to the following simultaneous calls:
-      #
-      #   ryan = Person.new(:first => 'ryan')
-      #   ryan.save
-      #
-      # Returns the newly created resource.  If a failure has occurred an
-      # exception will be raised (see <tt>save</tt>).  If the resource is invalid and
-      # has not been saved then <tt>valid?</tt> will return <tt>false</tt>,
-      # while <tt>new?</tt> will still return <tt>true</tt>.
-      #
-      # ==== Examples
-      #   Person.create(:name => 'Jeremy', :email => 'myname@nospam.com', :enabled => true)
-      #   my_person = Person.find(:first)
-      #   my_person.email # => myname@nospam.com
-      #
-      #   dhh = Person.create(:name => 'David', :email => 'dhh@nospam.com', :enabled => true)
-      #   dhh.valid? # => true
-      #   dhh.new?   # => false
-      #
-      #   # We'll assume that there's a validation that requires the name attribute
-      #   that_guy = Person.create(:name => '', :email => 'thatguy@nospam.com', :enabled => true)
-      #   that_guy.valid? # => false
-      #   that_guy.new?   # => true
-      def create(attributes = {})
-        self.new(attributes).tap { |resource| resource.save }
-      end
-
-      # Core method for finding resources.  Used similarly to Active Record's +find+ method.
-      #
-      # ==== Arguments
-      # The first argument is considered to be the scope of the query.  That is, how many
-      # resources are returned from the request.  It can be one of the following.
-      #
-      # * <tt>:one</tt> - Returns a single resource.
-      # * <tt>:first</tt> - Returns the first resource found.
-      # * <tt>:last</tt> - Returns the last resource found.
-      # * <tt>:all</tt> - Returns every resource that matches the request.
-      #
-      # ==== Options
-      #
-      # * <tt>:from</tt> - Sets the path or custom method that resources will be fetched from.
-      # * <tt>:params</tt> - Sets query and \prefix (nested URL) parameters.
-      #
-      # ==== Examples
-      #   Person.find(1)
-      #   # => GET /people/1.json
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:all)
-      #   # => GET /people.json
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:all, :params => { :title => "CEO" })
-      #   # => GET /people.json?title=CEO
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:first, :from => :managers)
-      #   # => GET /people/managers.json
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:last, :from => :managers)
-      #   # => GET /people/managers.json
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:all, :from => "/companies/1/people.json")
-      #   # => GET /companies/1/people.json
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:one, :from => :leader)
-      #   # => GET /people/leader.json
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:all, :from => :developers, :params => { :language => 'ruby' })
-      #   # => GET /people/developers.json?language=ruby
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:one, :from => "/companies/1/manager.json")
-      #   # => GET /companies/1/manager.json
-      #
-      #   StreetAddress.find(1, :params => { :person_id => 1 })
-      #   # => GET /people/1/street_addresses/1.json
-      #
-      # == Failure or missing data
-      #   A failure to find the requested object raises a ResourceNotFound
-      #   exception if the find was called with an id.
-      #   With any other scope, find returns nil when no data is returned.
-      #
-      #   Person.find(1)
-      #   # => raises ResourceNotFound
-      #
-      #   Person.find(:all)
-      #   Person.find(:first)
-      #   Person.find(:last)
-      #   # => nil
-      def find(*arguments)
-        scope   = arguments.slice!(0)
-        options = arguments.slice!(0) || {}
-
-        case scope
-          when :all   then find_every(options)
-          when :first then find_every(options).first
-          when :last  then find_every(options).last
-          when :one   then find_one(options)
-          else             find_single(scope, options)
-        end
-      end
-
-
-      # A convenience wrapper for <tt>find(:first, *args)</tt>. You can pass
-      # in all the same arguments to this method as you can to
-      # <tt>find(:first)</tt>.
-      def first(*args)
-        find(:first, *args)
-      end
-
-      # A convenience wrapper for <tt>find(:last, *args)</tt>. You can pass
-      # in all the same arguments to this method as you can to
-      # <tt>find(:last)</tt>.
-      def last(*args)
-        find(:last, *args)
-      end
-
-      # This is an alias for find(:all).  You can pass in all the same
-      # arguments to this method as you can to <tt>find(:all)</tt>
-      def all(*args)
-        find(:all, *args)
-      end
-
-
-      # Deletes the resources with the ID in the +id+ parameter.
-      #
-      # ==== Options
-      # All options specify \prefix and query parameters.
-      #
-      # ==== Examples
-      #   Event.delete(2) # sends DELETE /events/2
-      #
-      #   Event.create(:name => 'Free Concert', :location => 'Community Center')
-      #   my_event = Event.find(:first) # let's assume this is event with ID 7
-      #   Event.delete(my_event.id) # sends DELETE /events/7
-      #
-      #   # Let's assume a request to events/5/cancel.json
-      #   Event.delete(params[:id]) # sends DELETE /events/5
-      def delete(id, options = {})
-        connection.delete(element_path(id, options))
-      end
-
-      # Asserts the existence of a resource, returning <tt>true</tt> if the resource is found.
-      #
-      # ==== Examples
-      #   Note.create(:title => 'Hello, world.', :body => 'Nothing more for now...')
-      #   Note.exists?(1) # => true
-      #
-      #   Note.exists(1349) # => false
-      def exists?(id, options = {})
-        if id
-          prefix_options, query_options = split_options(options[:params])
-          path = element_path(id, prefix_options, query_options)
-          response = connection.head(path, headers)
-          response.code.to_i == 200
-        end
-        # id && !find_single(id, options).nil?
-      rescue ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound, ActiveResource::ResourceGone
-        false
-      end
-
-      private
-
-        def check_prefix_options(prefix_options)
-          p_options = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(prefix_options)
-          prefix_parameters.each do |p|
-            raise(MissingPrefixParam, "#{p} prefix_option is missing") if p_options[p].blank?
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Find every resource
-        def find_every(options)
-          begin
-            case from = options[:from]
-            when Symbol
-              instantiate_collection(get(from, options[:params]))
-            when String
-              path = "#{from}#{query_string(options[:params])}"
-              instantiate_collection(format.decode(connection.get(path, headers).body) || [])
-            else
-              prefix_options, query_options = split_options(options[:params])
-              path = collection_path(prefix_options, query_options)
-              instantiate_collection( (format.decode(connection.get(path, headers).body) || []), prefix_options )
-            end
-          rescue ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
-            # Swallowing ResourceNotFound exceptions and return nil - as per
-            # ActiveRecord.
-            nil
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Find a single resource from a one-off URL
-        def find_one(options)
-          case from = options[:from]
-          when Symbol
-            instantiate_record(get(from, options[:params]))
-          when String
-            path = "#{from}#{query_string(options[:params])}"
-            instantiate_record(format.decode(connection.get(path, headers).body))
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Find a single resource from the default URL
-        def find_single(scope, options)
-          prefix_options, query_options = split_options(options[:params])
-          path = element_path(scope, prefix_options, query_options)
-          instantiate_record(format.decode(connection.get(path, headers).body), prefix_options)
-        end
-
-        def instantiate_collection(collection, prefix_options = {})
-          collection.collect! { |record| instantiate_record(record, prefix_options) }
-        end
-
-        def instantiate_record(record, prefix_options = {})
-          new(record, true).tap do |resource|
-            resource.prefix_options = prefix_options
-          end
-        end
-
-
-        # Accepts a URI and creates the site URI from that.
-        def create_site_uri_from(site)
-          site.is_a?(URI) ? site.dup : URI.parser.parse(site)
-        end
-
-        # Accepts a URI and creates the proxy URI from that.
-        def create_proxy_uri_from(proxy)
-          proxy.is_a?(URI) ? proxy.dup : URI.parser.parse(proxy)
-        end
-
-        # contains a set of the current prefix parameters.
-        def prefix_parameters
-          @prefix_parameters ||= prefix_source.scan(/:\w+/).map { |key| key[1..-1].to_sym }.to_set
-        end
-
-        # Builds the query string for the request.
-        def query_string(options)
-          "?#{options.to_query}" unless options.nil? || options.empty?
-        end
-
-        # split an option hash into two hashes, one containing the prefix options,
-        # and the other containing the leftovers.
-        def split_options(options = {})
-          prefix_options, query_options = {}, {}
-
-          (options || {}).each do |key, value|
-            next if key.blank? || !key.respond_to?(:to_sym)
-            (prefix_parameters.include?(key.to_sym) ? prefix_options : query_options)[key.to_sym] = value
-          end
-
-          [ prefix_options, query_options ]
-        end
-    end
-
-    attr_accessor :attributes #:nodoc:
-    attr_accessor :prefix_options #:nodoc:
-
-    # If no schema has been defined for the class (see
-    # <tt>ActiveResource::schema=</tt>), the default automatic schema is
-    # generated from the current instance's attributes
-    def schema
-      self.class.schema || self.attributes
-    end
-
-    # This is a list of known attributes for this resource. Either
-    # gathered from the provided <tt>schema</tt>, or from the attributes
-    # set on this instance after it has been fetched from the remote system.
-    def known_attributes
-      self.class.known_attributes + self.attributes.keys.map(&:to_s)
-    end
-
-
-    # Constructor method for \new resources; the optional +attributes+ parameter takes a \hash
-    # of attributes for the \new resource.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   my_course = Course.new
-    #   my_course.name = "Western Civilization"
-    #   my_course.lecturer = "Don Trotter"
-    #   my_course.save
-    #
-    #   my_other_course = Course.new(:name => "Philosophy: Reason and Being", :lecturer => "Ralph Cling")
-    #   my_other_course.save
-    def initialize(attributes = {}, persisted = false)
-      @attributes     = {}.with_indifferent_access
-      @prefix_options = {}
-      @persisted = persisted
-      load(attributes)
-    end
-
-    # Returns a \clone of the resource that hasn't been assigned an +id+ yet and
-    # is treated as a \new resource.
-    #
-    #   ryan = Person.find(1)
-    #   not_ryan = ryan.clone
-    #   not_ryan.new?  # => true
-    #
-    # Any active resource member attributes will NOT be cloned, though all other
-    # attributes are.  This is to prevent the conflict between any +prefix_options+
-    # that refer to the original parent resource and the newly cloned parent
-    # resource that does not exist.
-    #
-    #   ryan = Person.find(1)
-    #   ryan.address = StreetAddress.find(1, :person_id => ryan.id)
-    #   ryan.hash = {:not => "an ARes instance"}
-    #
-    #   not_ryan = ryan.clone
-    #   not_ryan.new?            # => true
-    #   not_ryan.address         # => NoMethodError
-    #   not_ryan.hash            # => {:not => "an ARes instance"}
-    def clone
-      # Clone all attributes except the pk and any nested ARes
-      cloned = Hash[attributes.reject {|k,v| k == self.class.primary_key || v.is_a?(ActiveResource::Base)}.map { |k, v| [k, v.clone] }]
-      # Form the new resource - bypass initialize of resource with 'new' as that will call 'load' which
-      # attempts to convert hashes into member objects and arrays into collections of objects.  We want
-      # the raw objects to be cloned so we bypass load by directly setting the attributes hash.
-      resource = self.class.new({})
-      resource.prefix_options = self.prefix_options
-      resource.send :instance_variable_set, '@attributes', cloned
-      resource
-    end
-
-
-    # Returns +true+ if this object hasn't yet been saved, otherwise, returns +false+.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   not_new = Computer.create(:brand => 'Apple', :make => 'MacBook', :vendor => 'MacMall')
-    #   not_new.new? # => false
-    #
-    #   is_new = Computer.new(:brand => 'IBM', :make => 'Thinkpad', :vendor => 'IBM')
-    #   is_new.new? # => true
-    #
-    #   is_new.save
-    #   is_new.new? # => false
-    #
-    def new?
-      !persisted?
-    end
-    alias :new_record? :new?
-
-    # Returns +true+ if this object has been saved, otherwise returns +false+.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   persisted = Computer.create(:brand => 'Apple', :make => 'MacBook', :vendor => 'MacMall')
-    #   persisted.persisted? # => true
-    #
-    #   not_persisted = Computer.new(:brand => 'IBM', :make => 'Thinkpad', :vendor => 'IBM')
-    #   not_persisted.persisted? # => false
-    #
-    #   not_persisted.save
-    #   not_persisted.persisted? # => true
-    #
-    def persisted?
-      @persisted
-    end
-
-    # Gets the <tt>\id</tt> attribute of the resource.
-    def id
-      attributes[self.class.primary_key]
-    end
-
-    # Sets the <tt>\id</tt> attribute of the resource.
-    def id=(id)
-      attributes[self.class.primary_key] = id
-    end
-
-    # Test for equality.  Resource are equal if and only if +other+ is the same object or
-    # is an instance of the same class, is not <tt>new?</tt>, and has the same +id+.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   ryan = Person.create(:name => 'Ryan')
-    #   jamie = Person.create(:name => 'Jamie')
-    #
-    #   ryan == jamie
-    #   # => false (Different name attribute and id)
-    #
-    #   ryan_again = Person.new(:name => 'Ryan')
-    #   ryan == ryan_again
-    #   # => false (ryan_again is new?)
-    #
-    #   ryans_clone = Person.create(:name => 'Ryan')
-    #   ryan == ryans_clone
-    #   # => false (Different id attributes)
-    #
-    #   ryans_twin = Person.find(ryan.id)
-    #   ryan == ryans_twin
-    #   # => true
-    #
-    def ==(other)
-      other.equal?(self) || (other.instance_of?(self.class) && other.id == id && other.prefix_options == prefix_options)
-    end
-
-    # Tests for equality (delegates to ==).
-    def eql?(other)
-      self == other
-    end
-
-    # Delegates to id in order to allow two resources of the same type and \id to work with something like:
-    #   [(a = Person.find 1), (b = Person.find 2)] & [(c = Person.find 1), (d = Person.find 4)] # => [a]
-    def hash
-      id.hash
-    end
-
-    # Duplicates the current resource without saving it.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   my_invoice = Invoice.create(:customer => 'That Company')
-    #   next_invoice = my_invoice.dup
-    #   next_invoice.new? # => true
-    #
-    #   next_invoice.save
-    #   next_invoice == my_invoice # => false (different id attributes)
-    #
-    #   my_invoice.customer   # => That Company
-    #   next_invoice.customer # => That Company
-    def dup
-      self.class.new.tap do |resource|
-        resource.attributes     = @attributes
-        resource.prefix_options = @prefix_options
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Saves (+POST+) or \updates (+PUT+) a resource.  Delegates to +create+ if the object is \new,
-    # +update+ if it exists. If the response to the \save includes a body, it will be assumed that this body
-    # is Json for the final object as it looked after the \save (which would include attributes like +created_at+
-    # that weren't part of the original submit).
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   my_company = Company.new(:name => 'RoleModel Software', :owner => 'Ken Auer', :size => 2)
-    #   my_company.new? # => true
-    #   my_company.save # sends POST /companies/ (create)
-    #
-    #   my_company.new? # => false
-    #   my_company.size = 10
-    #   my_company.save # sends PUT /companies/1 (update)
-    def save
-      new? ? create : update
-    end
-
-    # Saves the resource.
-    #
-    # If the resource is new, it is created via +POST+, otherwise the
-    # existing resource is updated via +PUT+.
-    #
-    # With <tt>save!</tt> validations always run. If any of them fail
-    # ActiveResource::ResourceInvalid gets raised, and nothing is POSTed to
-    # the remote system.
-    # See ActiveResource::Validations for more information.
-    #
-    # There's a series of callbacks associated with <tt>save!</tt>. If any
-    # of the <tt>before_*</tt> callbacks return +false+ the action is
-    # cancelled and <tt>save!</tt> raises ActiveResource::ResourceInvalid.
-    def save!
-      save || raise(ResourceInvalid.new(self))
-    end
-
-    # Deletes the resource from the remote service.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   my_id = 3
-    #   my_person = Person.find(my_id)
-    #   my_person.destroy
-    #   Person.find(my_id) # 404 (Resource Not Found)
-    #
-    #   new_person = Person.create(:name => 'James')
-    #   new_id = new_person.id # => 7
-    #   new_person.destroy
-    #   Person.find(new_id) # 404 (Resource Not Found)
-    def destroy
-      connection.delete(element_path, self.class.headers)
-    end
-
-    # Evaluates to <tt>true</tt> if this resource is not <tt>new?</tt> and is
-    # found on the remote service.  Using this method, you can check for
-    # resources that may have been deleted between the object's instantiation
-    # and actions on it.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   Person.create(:name => 'Theodore Roosevelt')
-    #   that_guy = Person.find(:first)
-    #   that_guy.exists? # => true
-    #
-    #   that_lady = Person.new(:name => 'Paul Bean')
-    #   that_lady.exists? # => false
-    #
-    #   guys_id = that_guy.id
-    #   Person.delete(guys_id)
-    #   that_guy.exists? # => false
-    def exists?
-      !new? && self.class.exists?(to_param, :params => prefix_options)
-    end
-
-    # Returns the serialized string representation of the resource in the configured
-    # serialization format specified in ActiveResource::Base.format. The options
-    # applicable depend on the configured encoding format.
-    def encode(options={})
-      send("to_#{self.class.format.extension}", options)
-    end
-
-    # A method to \reload the attributes of this object from the remote web service.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   my_branch = Branch.find(:first)
-    #   my_branch.name # => "Wislon Raod"
-    #
-    #   # Another client fixes the typo...
-    #
-    #   my_branch.name # => "Wislon Raod"
-    #   my_branch.reload
-    #   my_branch.name # => "Wilson Road"
-    def reload
-      self.load(self.class.find(to_param, :params => @prefix_options).attributes)
-    end
-
-    # A method to manually load attributes from a \hash. Recursively loads collections of
-    # resources.  This method is called in +initialize+ and +create+ when a \hash of attributes
-    # is provided.
-    #
-    # ==== Examples
-    #   my_attrs = {:name => 'J&J Textiles', :industry => 'Cloth and textiles'}
-    #   my_attrs = {:name => 'Marty', :colors => ["red", "green", "blue"]}
-    #
-    #   the_supplier = Supplier.find(:first)
-    #   the_supplier.name # => 'J&M Textiles'
-    #   the_supplier.load(my_attrs)
-    #   the_supplier.name('J&J Textiles')
-    #
-    #   # These two calls are the same as Supplier.new(my_attrs)
-    #   my_supplier = Supplier.new
-    #   my_supplier.load(my_attrs)
-    #
-    #   # These three calls are the same as Supplier.create(my_attrs)
-    #   your_supplier = Supplier.new
-    #   your_supplier.load(my_attrs)
-    #   your_supplier.save
-    def load(attributes, remove_root = false)
-      raise ArgumentError, "expected an attributes Hash, got #{attributes.inspect}" unless attributes.is_a?(Hash)
-      @prefix_options, attributes = split_options(attributes)
-
-      if attributes.keys.size == 1
-        remove_root = self.class.element_name == attributes.keys.first.to_s
-      end
-
-      attributes = Formats.remove_root(attributes) if remove_root
-
-      attributes.each do |key, value|
-        @attributes[key.to_s] =
-          case value
-            when Array
-              resource = nil
-              value.map do |attrs|
-                if attrs.is_a?(Hash)
-                  resource ||= find_or_create_resource_for_collection(key)
-                  resource.new(attrs)
-                else
-                  attrs.duplicable? ? attrs.dup : attrs
-                end
-              end
-            when Hash
-              resource = find_or_create_resource_for(key)
-              resource.new(value)
-            else
-              value.duplicable? ? value.dup : value
-          end
-      end
-      self
-    end
-
-    # Updates a single attribute and then saves the object.
-    #
-    # Note: Unlike ActiveRecord::Base.update_attribute, this method <b>is</b>
-    # subject to normal validation routines as an update sends the whole body
-    # of the resource in the request.  (See Validations).
-    #
-    # As such, this method is equivalent to calling update_attributes with a single attribute/value pair.
-    #
-    # If the saving fails because of a connection or remote service error, an
-    # exception will be raised.  If saving fails because the resource is
-    # invalid then <tt>false</tt> will be returned.
-    def update_attribute(name, value)
-      self.send("#{name}=".to_sym, value)
-      self.save
-    end
-
-    # Updates this resource with all the attributes from the passed-in Hash
-    # and requests that the record be saved.
-    #
-    # If the saving fails because of a connection or remote service error, an
-    # exception will be raised.  If saving fails because the resource is
-    # invalid then <tt>false</tt> will be returned.
-    #
-    # Note: Though this request can be made with a partial set of the
-    # resource's attributes, the full body of the request will still be sent
-    # in the save request to the remote service.
-    def update_attributes(attributes)
-      load(attributes, false) && save
-    end
-
-    # For checking <tt>respond_to?</tt> without searching the attributes (which is faster).
-    alias_method :respond_to_without_attributes?, :respond_to?
-
-    # A method to determine if an object responds to a message (e.g., a method call). In Active Resource, a Person object with a
-    # +name+ attribute can answer <tt>true</tt> to <tt>my_person.respond_to?(:name)</tt>, <tt>my_person.respond_to?(:name=)</tt>, and
-    # <tt>my_person.respond_to?(:name?)</tt>.
-    def respond_to?(method, include_priv = false)
-      method_name = method.to_s
-      if attributes.nil?
-        super
-      elsif known_attributes.include?(method_name)
-        true
-      elsif method_name =~ /(?:=|\?)$/ && attributes.include?($`)
-        true
-      else
-        # super must be called at the end of the method, because the inherited respond_to?
-        # would return true for generated readers, even if the attribute wasn't present
-        super
-      end
-    end
-
-    def to_json(options={})
-      super({ :root => self.class.element_name }.merge(options))
-    end
-
-    def to_xml(options={})
-      super({ :root => self.class.element_name }.merge(options))
-    end
-
-    protected
-      def connection(refresh = false)
-        self.class.connection(refresh)
-      end
-
-      # Update the resource on the remote service.
-      def update
-        connection.put(element_path(prefix_options), encode, self.class.headers).tap do |response|
-          load_attributes_from_response(response)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Create (i.e., \save to the remote service) the \new resource.
-      def create
-        connection.post(collection_path, encode, self.class.headers).tap do |response|
-          self.id = id_from_response(response)
-          load_attributes_from_response(response)
-        end
-      end
-
-      def load_attributes_from_response(response)
-        if (response_code_allows_body?(response.code) &&
-            (response['Content-Length'].nil? || response['Content-Length'] != "0") &&
-            !response.body.nil? && response.body.strip.size > 0)
-          load(self.class.format.decode(response.body), true)
-          @persisted = true
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Takes a response from a typical create post and pulls the ID out
-      def id_from_response(response)
-        response['Location'][/\/([^\/]*?)(\.\w+)?$/, 1] if response['Location']
-      end
-
-      def element_path(options = nil)
-        self.class.element_path(to_param, options || prefix_options)
-      end
-
-      def new_element_path
-        self.class.new_element_path(prefix_options)
-      end
-
-      def collection_path(options = nil)
-        self.class.collection_path(options || prefix_options)
-      end
-
-    private
-
-      def read_attribute_for_serialization(n)
-        attributes[n]
-      end
-
-      # Determine whether the response is allowed to have a body per HTTP 1.1 spec section 4.4.1
-      def response_code_allows_body?(c)
-        !((100..199).include?(c) || [204,304].include?(c))
-      end
-
-      # Tries to find a resource for a given collection name; if it fails, then the resource is created
-      def find_or_create_resource_for_collection(name)
-        find_or_create_resource_for(ActiveSupport::Inflector.singularize(name.to_s))
-      end
-
-      # Tries to find a resource in a non empty list of nested modules
-      # if it fails, then the resource is created
-      def find_or_create_resource_in_modules(resource_name, module_names)
-        receiver = Object
-        namespaces = module_names[0, module_names.size-1].map do |module_name|
-          receiver = receiver.const_get(module_name)
-        end
-        const_args = RUBY_VERSION < "1.9" ? [resource_name] : [resource_name, false]
-        if namespace = namespaces.reverse.detect { |ns| ns.const_defined?(*const_args) }
-          namespace.const_get(*const_args)
-        else
-          create_resource_for(resource_name)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Tries to find a resource for a given name; if it fails, then the resource is created
-      def find_or_create_resource_for(name)
-        resource_name = name.to_s.camelize
-
-        const_args = RUBY_VERSION < "1.9" ? [resource_name] : [resource_name, false]
-        if self.class.const_defined?(*const_args)
-          self.class.const_get(*const_args)
-        else
-          ancestors = self.class.name.split("::")
-          if ancestors.size > 1
-            find_or_create_resource_in_modules(resource_name, ancestors)
-          else
-            if Object.const_defined?(*const_args)
-              Object.const_get(*const_args)
-            else
-              create_resource_for(resource_name)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Create and return a class definition for a resource inside the current resource
-      def create_resource_for(resource_name)
-        resource = self.class.const_set(resource_name, Class.new(ActiveResource::Base))
-        resource.prefix = self.class.prefix
-        resource.site   = self.class.site
-        resource
-      end
-
-      def split_options(options = {})
-        self.class.__send__(:split_options, options)
-      end
-
-      def method_missing(method_symbol, *arguments) #:nodoc:
-        method_name = method_symbol.to_s
-
-        if method_name =~ /(=|\?)$/
-          case $1
-          when "="
-            attributes[$`] = arguments.first
-          when "?"
-            attributes[$`]
-          end
-        else
-          return attributes[method_name] if attributes.include?(method_name)
-          # not set right now but we know about it
-          return nil if known_attributes.include?(method_name)
-          super
-        end
-      end
-  end
-
-  class Base
-    extend ActiveModel::Naming
-    include CustomMethods, Observing, Validations
-    include ActiveModel::Conversion
-    include ActiveModel::Serializers::JSON
-    include ActiveModel::Serializers::Xml
-  end
-end