caoutsearch 0.0.1 → 0.0.4

data/README.md

@@ -2,21 +2,829 @@
 
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-### Installation
+[![JRuby](https://github.com/mon-territoire/caoutsearch/actions/workflows/jruby.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/mon-territoire/caoutsearch/actions/workflows/jruby.yml)
+[![Truffle Ruby](https://github.com/mon-territoire/caoutsearch/actions/workflows/truffle_ruby.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/mon-territoire/caoutsearch/actions/workflows/truffle_ruby.yml)
+
+**!! Gem under development before public release !!**
+
+Caoutsearch is a new Elasticsearch integration for Ruby and/or Rails.  
+It provides a simple but powerful DSL to perform complex indexing and searching, while securely exposing search criteria to a public and chainable API, without overwhelming your models.
+
+Caoutsearch only supports Elasticsearch 8.x right now.  
+It is used in production in a robust application, updated and maintained for several years at [Mon Territoire](https://mon-territoire.fr).
+
+Caoutsearch was inspired by awesome gems such as [elasticsearch-rails](https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch-rails) or [search_flip](https://github.com/mrkamel/search_flip). 
+If you don't have scenarios as complex as those described in this documentation, they should better suite your needs.
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+- [Installation](#installation)
+- [Configuration](#configuration)
+  - Instrumentation
+- [Usage](#usage)
+  - [Indice Configuration](#indice-configuration)
+    - Mapping & settings
+    - Text analysis
+    - Versionning
+  - [Index Engine](#index-engine)
+    - Properties
+    - Partial updates
+    - Eager loading
+    - Interdependencies
+  - [Search Engine](#search-engine)
+    - Queries
+    - [Filters](#filters)
+    - Full-text query
+    - Custom filters
+    - Orders
+    - [Aggregations](#aggregations)
+    - [Transform aggregations](#transform-aggregations)
+    - [Responses](#responses)
+    - [Loading records](#loading-records)
+  - [Model integration](#model-integration)
+    - [Add Caoutsearch to your models](#add-caoutsearch-to-your-models)
+    - [Index records](#index-records)
+      - [Index multiple records](#index-multiple-records)
+      - [Index single records](#index-single-records)
+      - [Delete documents](#delete-documents)
+      - [Automatic Callbacks](#automatic-callbacks)
+      - Asynchronous methods
+    - [Search for records](#search-for-records)
+      - [Search API](#search-api)
+      - [Pagination](#pagination)
+      - [Total count](#total-count)
+      - [Iterating results](#iterating-results)
+  - [Testing with Caoutsearch](#testing-with-Caoutsearch)
+
+## Installation
 
 ```bash
 bundle add caoutsearch
 ```
 
-### Configuration
+## Configuration
+
+TODO
+
+## Usage
+
+### Indice Configuration
+
+TODO
+
+### Index Engine
+
+TODO
+
+### Search Engine
+
+#### Filters
+Filters declared in the search engine will define how Caoutsearch will build the queries 
+
+The main use of filters is to expose a field for search, but they can also be used to build more complex queries:
+```ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  # Build a filter on the author field
+  filter :author
+
+  # Build a Match filter on multiple fields
+  filter :content,      indexes: %i[title.words content], as: :match
+  
+  # Build a more complex filter by using other filters
+  filter :public,       as: :boolean
+  filter :published_on, as: :date
+  filter :active do |value|
+    search_by(published: value, published_on: value)
+  end
+end
+```
+
+Caoutsearch different types of filters to handle different types of data or ways to search them:
+
+##### Default filter
+
+##### Boolean filter
+
+##### Date filter
+
+For a date filter defined like this:
+```ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  ...
+
+  filter :published_on, as: :date
+end
+```
+
+You can now search the matching index with the `published_on` criterion:
+```ruby
+Article.search(published_on: Date.today)
+```
+
+and the following query will be generated to send to elasticsearch:
+```json
+{
+  "query": { 
+    "bool": { 
+      "filter": [ 
+        { "range": { "published_on": { "gte": "2022-23-11", "lte": "2022-23-11"}}}
+      ]
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+The date filter accepts multiple types of arguments :
+
+```ruby
+# Search for articles published on a date:
+Article.search(published_on: Date.today)
+
+# Search for articles published before a date:
+Article.search(published_on: { less_than: "2022-12-25" })
+Article.search(published_on: { less_than_or_equal: "2022-12-25" })
+Article.search(published_on: ..Date.new(2022, 12, 25))
+Article.search(published_on: [[nil, "now-2w/d"]])
+
+# Search for articles published after a date:
+Article.search(published_on: { greater_than: "2022-12-25" })
+Article.search(published_on: { greater_than_or_equal: "2022-12-25" })
+Article.search(published_on: Date.new(2022, 12, 25)..)
+Article.search(published_on: [["now-1w/d", nil]])
+
+# Search for articles published between two dates:
+Article.search(published_on: { greater_than: "2022-12-25", less_than: "2023-12-25" })
+Article.search(published_on: Date.new(2022, 12, 25)..Date.new(2023, 12, 25))
+Article.search(published_on: [["now-1w/d", "now/d"]])
+```
+
+Dates of various formats are handled:
+```ruby
+"2022-10-11"
+Date.today
+Time.zone.now
+```
+
+We also support elasticsearch's date math
+```ruby
+"now-1h"
+"now+2w/d"
+```
+
+##### GeoPoint filter
+
+##### Match filter
+
+##### Range filter
+
+#### Aggregations
+
+You can define simple to complex aggregations.
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation :view_count, sum: { field: :view_count }
+  has_aggregation :popular_tags,
+    filter: { term: { published: true } },
+    aggs: {
+      published: {
+        terms: { field: :tags, size: 10 }
+      }
+    }
+end
+````
+
+Then you can request one or more aggregations at the same time or chain the `aggregate` method.  
+The `aggregations` method will trigger a request and returns a [Response::Aggregations](#responses).
+
+````ruby
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:view_count).aggregations
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "aggs": { "view_count": { "sum": { "field": "view_count" }}}}}
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Aggregations view_count=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response value=119652>>
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:view_count, :popular_tags).aggregations
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "aggs": { "view_count": {…}, "popular_tags": {…}}}}
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Aggregations view_count=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response value=119652> popular_tags=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response buckets=…>>
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:view_count).aggregate(:popular_tags).aggregations
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "aggs": { "view_count": {…}, "popular_tags": {…}}}}
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Aggregations view_count=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response value=119652> popular_tags=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response buckets=…>>
+````
+
+You can create powerful aggregations using blocks and pass arguments to them.
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation :popular_tags_since do |date|
+    raise TypeError unless date.is_a?(Date)
+
+    query.aggregations[:popular_tags_since] = {
+      filter: { range: { publication_date: { gte: date.to_s } } },
+      aggs: {
+        published: {
+          terms: { field: :tags, size: 20 }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(popular_tags_since: 1.day.ago).aggregations
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "aggs": { "popular_tags_since": {…}}}}
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Aggregations popular_tags_since=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response …
+````
+
+Only one argument can be passed to an aggregation block.  
+Use an Array or a Hash if you need to pass multiple options.
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation :popular_tags_since do |options|
+    # …
+  end
+
+  has_aggregation :popular_tags_between do |(first_date, end_date)|
+    # …
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(popular_tags_since: { date: 1.day.ago, size: 20 })
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(popular_tags_between: [date1, date2])
+````
+
+Finally, you can create a "catch-all" aggregation to handle cumbersome behaviors:
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation do |name, options = {}|
+    raise "unxpected_error" unless name.match?(/^view_count_(?<year>\d{4})$/)
+
+    query.aggregations[name] = {
+      filter: { term: { year: $LAST_LATCH_INFO[:year] } },
+      aggs: {
+        filtered: {
+          sum: { field: :view_count }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:view_count_2020, :view_count_2019).aggregations
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "aggs": { "view_count_2020": {…}, "view_count_2019": {…}}}}
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Aggregations view_count_2020=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response …
+````
+
+#### Transform aggregations
+
+When using [buckets aggregation](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-aggregations-bucket.html) and/or [pipeline aggregation](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-aggregations-pipeline.html), the path to the expected values can get complicated and become subject to unexpected changes for a public API.
+
+````ruby
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(popular_tags_since: 1.month.ago).aggregations.popular_tags_since.published.buckets.pluck(:key)
+=> ["Blog", "Tech", …]
+````
+
+Instead, you can define transformations to provide simpler access to aggregated data:
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation :popular_tags_since do |since|
+    # …
+  end
+
+  transform_aggregation :popular_tags_since do |aggs|
+    aggs.dig(:popular_tags_since, :published, :buckets).pluck(:key)
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(popular_tags_since: 1.month.ago).aggregations.popular_tags_since
+=> ["Blog", "Tech", …]
+````
+
+You can also use transformations to combine multiple aggregations:
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation :blog_count,     filter: { term: { category: "blog" } }
+  has_aggregation :archives_count, filter: { term: { archived: true } }
+
+  transform_aggregation :stats, from: %i[blog_count archives_count] do |aggs|
+    {
+      blog_count:     aggs.dig(:blog_count, :doc_count),
+      archives_count: aggs.dig(:archives, :doc_count)
+    }
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:stats).aggregations.stats
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "aggs": { "blog_count": {…}, "archives_count": {…}}}}
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> { blog_count: 124, archives_count: 2452 }
+````
+
+This is also usefull to unify the API between different search engines:
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation :popular_tags,
+    filter: { term: { published: true } },
+    aggs: { published: { terms: { field: :tags, size: 10 } } }
+
+  transform_aggregation :popular_tags do |aggs|
+    aggs.dig(:popular_tags, :published, :buckets).pluck(:key)
+  end
+end
+
+class TagSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation :popular_tags,
+    terms: { field: "label", size: 20, order: { used_count: "desc" } }
+
+  transform_aggregation :popular_tags do |aggs|
+    aggs.dig(:popular_tags, :buckets).pluck(:key)
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:popular_tags).aggregations.popular_tags
+=> ["Blog", "Tech", …]
+
+TagSearch.aggregate(:popular_tags).aggregations.popular_tags
+=> ["Tech", "Blog", …]
+````
+
+Transformations are performed on demand and result is memorized. That means:
+- the result of transformation is not visible in the [Response::Aggregations](#responses) output.
+- the block is called only once for the same search instance.
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  has_aggregation :popular_tags, …
+
+  transform_aggregation :popular_tags do |aggs|
+    tags       = aggs.dig(:popular_tags, :published, :buckets).pluck(:key)
+    authorized = Tag.where(title: tags, authorize: true).pluck(:title)
+    tags & authorized
+  end
+end
+
+article_search = ArticleSearch.aggregate(:popular_tags)
+=> #<ArticleSearch current_aggregations: [:popular_tags]>
+
+article_search.aggregations
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Aggregations popular_tags=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response doc_count=100 …
+
+article_search.aggregations.popular_tags
+# (10.2ms)  SELECT "tags"."title" FROM "tags" WHERE "tags"."title" IN …
+=> ["Blog", "Tech", …]
+
+article_search.aggregations.popular_tags
+=> ["Blog", "Tech", …]
+
+article_search.search("Tech").aggregations.popular_tags
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+# (10.2ms)  SELECT "tags"."title" FROM "tags" WHERE "tags"."title" IN …
+=> ["Blog", "Tech", …]
+````
+
+Be careful to avoid using `aggregations.<aggregation_name>` inside a transformation block: it can lead to an infinite recursion.
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  transform_aggregation :popular_tags do
+    aggregations.popular_tags.buckets.pluck("key")
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:popular_tags).aggregations.popular_tags
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+      4: from app/searches/article_search.rb:3:in `block in <class:ArticleSearch>'
+      3: from app/searches/article_search.rb:3:in `block in <class:ArticleSearch>'
+      2: from app/searches/article_search.rb:3:in `block in <class:ArticleSearch>'
+      1: from app/searches/article_search.rb:3:in `block in <class:ArticleSearch>'
+SystemStackError (stack level too deep)
+````
+
+Instead, use the argument passed to the block: it's is a shortcut for `response.aggregations` which is a [Response::Reponse](#responses) and not a [Response::Aggregations](#responses).
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  transform_aggregation :popular_tags do |aggs|
+    aggs.popular_tags.buckets.pluck("key")
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:popular_tags).aggregations.popular_tags
+=> ["Blog", "Tech", …]
+````
+
+One last helpful argument is `track_total_hits` which allows to perform calculations over aggregations using the `total_count` method without sending a second request.  
+Take a look at [Total count](#total-count) to understand why a second request could be performed.
+
+````ruby
+class ArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  aggregation :tagged, filter: { exist: "tag" }
+
+  transform_aggregation :tagged_rate, from: :tagged, track_total_hits: true do |aggs|
+    count = aggs.dig(:tagged, :doc_count)
+    count.to_f / total_count
+  end
+
+  transform_aggregation :tagged_rate_without_track_total_hits, from: :tagged do |aggs|
+    count = aggs.dig(:tagged, :doc_count)
+    count.to_f / total_count
+  end
+end
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:tagged_rate).aggregations.tagged_rate
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "track_total_hits": true, "aggs": { "blog_count": {…}, "archives_count": {…}}}}
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> 0.95
+
+ArticleSearch.aggregate(:tagged_rate_without_track_total_hits).aggregations.tagged_rate
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "aggs": { "blog_count": {…}, "archives_count": {…}}}}
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+# ArticleSearch Search { "body": { "track_total_hits": true, "aggs": { "blog_count": {…}, "archives_count": 
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+=> 0.95
+````
+
+#### Responses
+
+After the request has been sent by calling a method such as `load`, `response` or `hits`, the results is wrapped in a `Response::Response` class which provides method access to its properties via [Hashie::Mash](http://github.com/intridea/hashie).
+
+Aggregations and suggestions are wrapped in their own respective subclass of `Response::Response`
+
+````ruby
+results.response
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Response _shards=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response failed=0 skipped=0 successful=5 total=5> hits=…
+
+search.hits
+=> #<Hashie::Array [#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response _id="2"…
 
-<!-- TODO -->
+search.aggregations
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Aggregations view_count=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response…
 
-### Usage
+search.suggestions
+=> #<Caoutsearch::Response::Suggestions tags=#<Caoutsearch::Response::Response…
+````
 
-<!-- TODO -->
+##### Loading records
+
+When calling `records`, the search engine will try to load records from a model using the same class name without `Search` the suffix:  
+* `ArticleSearch` > `Article`
+* `Blog::ArticleSearch` > `Blog::Article`
+
+````ruby
+ArticleSearch.new.records.first
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+# Article Load (9.6ms)  SELECT "articles".* FROM "articles" WHERE "articles"."id" IN (1, …
+=> #<Article id: 1, …>
+````
+
+However, you can define an alternative model to load records. This might be helpful when using [single table inheritance](https://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/Inheritance.html).
+
+````ruby
+ArticleSearch.new.records(use: BlogArticle).first
+# ArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+# BlogArticle Load (9.6ms)  SELECT "articles".* FROM "articles" WHERE "articles"."id" IN (1, …
+=> #<BlogArticle id: 1, …>
+````
+
+You can also define an alternative model at class level:
+
+````ruby
+class BlogArticleSearch < Caoutsearch::Search::Base
+  self.model_name = "Article"
+
+  default do
+    query.filters << { term: { category: "blog" } }
+  end
+end
+
+BlogArticleSearch.new.records.first
+# BlogArticleSearch Search (10ms / took 5ms)
+# Article Load (9.6ms)  SELECT "articles".* FROM "articles" WHERE "articles"."id" IN (1, …
+=> #<Article id: 1, …>
+````
+
+### Model integration
+
+#### Add Caoutsearch to your models
+
+The simplest solution is to add `Caoutsearch::Model` to your model and the link the appropriate `Index` and/or `Search` engines:
+
+```ruby
+class Article < ActiveRecord::Base
+  include Caoutsearch::Model
+
+  index_with ArticleIndex
+  search_with ArticleSearch
+end
+```
+
+If you don't need your models to be `Indexable` and `Searchable`, you can include only one of the following two modules:
+
+````ruby
+class Article < ActiveRecord::Base
+  include Caoutsearch::Model::Indexable
+
+  index_with ArticleIndex
+end
+````
+or
+````ruby
+class Article < ActiveRecord::Base
+  include Caoutsearch::Model::Searchable
+
+  search_with ArticleSearch
+end
+````
+
+The modules can be safely included in the meta model `ApplicationRecord`.
+Indexing & searching features are not available until you call `index_with` or `search_with`:
+
+````ruby
+class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
+  include Caoutsearch::Model
+end
+````
+
+#### Index records
+
+##### Index multiple records
+
+Import all your records or a restricted scope of records to Elastcisearch.
+
+````ruby
+Article.reindex
+Article.where(published: true).reindex
+````
+
+You can update one or more properties. (see [Indexation Engines](#indexation-engines) to read more about properties):
+
+````ruby
+Article.reindex(:category)
+Article.reindex(%i[category published_on])
+````
+
+When `reindex` is called without properties, it'll import the full document to ES.  
+On the contrary, when properties are passed, it'll only update existing documents.  
+You can control this behavior with the `method` argument.
+
+````ruby
+Article.where(id: 123).reindex(:category)
+# ArticleIndex Reindex {"index":"articles","body":[{"update":{"_id":123}},{"doc":{"category":"blog"}}]}
+# [Error] {"update"=>{"_index"=>"articles", "_id"=>"123", "status"=>404, "error"=>{"type"=>"document_missing_exception", …}}
+
+Article.where(id: 123).reindex(:category, method: :index)
+# ArticleIndex Reindex {"index":"articles","body":[{"index":{"_id":123}},{"category":"blog"}]}
+
+Article.where(id: 123).reindex(method: :update)
+# ArticleIndex Reindex {"index":"articles","body":[{"update":{"_id":123}},{"doc":{…}}]}
+````
+
+##### Index single records
+
+Import a single record.
+
+````ruby
+Article.find(123).update_index
+````
+
+You can update one or more properties. (see [Indexation Engines](#indexation-engines) to read more about properties):
+
+````ruby
+Article.find(123).update_index(:category)
+Article.find(123).update_index(%i[category published_on])
+````
+
+You can verify if and how documents are indexed.  
+If the document is missing in ES, it'll raise a `Elastic::Transport::Transport::Errors::NotFound`.
+
+````ruby
+Article.find(123).indexed_document
+# Traceback (most recent call last):
+#         1: from (irb):1
+# Elastic::Transport::Transport::Errors::NotFound ([404] {"_index":"articles","_id":"123","found":false})
+
+Article.find(123).update_index
+Article.find(123).indexed_document
+=> {"_index"=>"articles", "_id"=>"123", "_version"=>1"found"=>true, "_source"=>{…}}
+````
+
+##### Delete documents
+
+You can delete one or more documents.  
+**Note**: it won't delete records from database, only from the ES indice.
+
+````ruby
+Article.delete_indexes
+Article.where(id: 123).delete_indexed_documents
+Article.find(123).delete_index
+````
+
+If a record is already deleted from the database, you can still delete its document.
+
+````ruby
+Article.delete_index(123)
+````
+
+##### Automatic Callbacks
+
+Callbacks are not provided by Caoutsearch but they are very easy to add:
+
+````ruby
+class Article < ApplicationRecord
+  index_with ArticleIndex
+  
+  after_commit :update_index, on: %i[create update]
+  after_commit :delete_index, on: %i[destroy]
+end
+````
+
+##### Asynchronous methods
+
+TODO
+
+#### Search for records
+
+##### Search API
+Searching is pretty simple.
+
+````ruby
+Article.search("Quick brown fox")
+=> #<ArticleSearch current_criteria: ["Quick brown fox"]>
+````
+
+You can chain criteria and many other parameters:
+````ruby
+Article.search("Quick brown fox").search(published: true)
+=> #<ArticleSearch current_criteria: ["Quick brown fox", {"published"=>true}]>
+
+Article.search("Quick brown fox").order(:publication_date)
+=> #<ArticleSearch current_criteria: ["Quick brown fox"], current_order: :publication_date>
+
+Article.search("Quick brown fox").limit(100).offset(100)
+=> #<ArticleSearch current_criteria: ["Quick brown fox"], current_limit: 100, current_offset: 100>
+
+Article.search("Quick brown fox").page(1).per(100)
+=> #<ArticleSearch current_criteria: ["Quick brown fox"], current_page: 1, current_limit: 100>
+
+Article.search("Quick brown fox").aggregate(:tags).aggregate(:dates)
+=> #<ArticleSearch current_criteria: ["Quick brown fox"], current_aggregations: [:tags, :dates]>>
+````
+
+##### Pagination
+
+Search results can be paginated.
+````ruby
+search = Article.search("Quick brown fox").page(1).per(100)
+search.current_page
+=> 1
+
+search.total_pages
+=> 2546
+
+> search.total_count
+=> 254514
+````
+
+##### Total count
+
+By default [ES doesn't return the total number of hits](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-your-data.html#track-total-hits). So, when calling `total_count` or `total_pages` a second request might be sent to ES.  
+To avoid a second roundtrip, use `track_total_hits`:
+
+````ruby 
+search = Article.search("Quick brown fox")
+search.hits
+# ArticleSearch Search {…}
+# ArticleSearch Search (81.8ms / took 16ms)
+=> […]
+
+search.total_count
+# ArticleSearch Search {…, track_total_hits: true }
+# ArticleSearch Search (135.3ms / took 76ms)
+=> 276
+
+search = Article.search("Quick brown fox").track_total_hits
+search.hits
+# ArticleSearch Search {…, track_total_hits: true }
+# ArticleSearch Search (120.2ms / took 56ms)
+=> […]
+
+search.total_count
+=> 276
+````
+
+##### Iterating results
+
+Several methods are provided to loop through a collection or hits or records.  
+These methods are processing batches in the most efficient way: [PIT search_after](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/paginate-search-results.html#search-after).
+
+* `find_each_hit` to yield each hit returned by Elasticsearch.
+* `find_each_record` to yield each record from your database.
+* `find_hits_in_batches` to yield each batch of hits as returned by Elasticsearch.
+* `find_records_in_batches` to yield each batch of records from the database.
+
+Example:
+
+```ruby
+Article.search(published: true).find_each_record do |record|
+  record.inspect
+end
+```
+
+The `keep_alive` parameter tells Elasticsearch how long it should keep the point in time alive. Defaults to 1 minute.
+
+```ruby
+Article.search(published: true).find_each_record(keep_alive: "2h")
+```
+
+To specifies the size of the batch, use `per` chainable method or `batch_size` parameter. Defaults to 1000.
+
+```ruby
+Article.search(published: true).find_records_in_batches(batch_size: 500)
+Article.search(published: true).per(500).find_records_in_batches
+```
+
+## Testing with Caoutsearch
+
+Caoutsearch offers few methods to stub Elasticsearch requests.  
+You first need to add [webmock](https://github.com/bblimke/webmock) to your Gemfile.
+
+```bash
+bundle add webmock
+```
+
+Then, add `Caoutsearch::Testing::MockRequests` to your test suite.  
+The examples below uses RSpec, but it should be compatible with other test framework.
+
+```ruby
+# spec/spec_helper.rb
+
+require "caoutsearch/testing"
+
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  config.include Caoutsearch::Testing::MockRequests
+end
+```
+
+You can then call the following methods:
+
+```ruby
+RSpec.describe SomeClass do
+  before do
+    stub_elasticsearch_request(:head, "articles").to_return(status: 200)
+
+    stub_elasticsearch_request(:get, "_cat/indices?format=json&h=index").to_return_json, [
+      { index: "ca_locals_v14" }
+    ])
+
+    stub_elasticsearch_reindex_request("articles")
+    stub_elasticsearch_search_request("articles", [
+      {"_id" => "135", "_source" => {"name" => "Hello World"}},
+      {"_id" => "137", "_source" => {"name" => "Hello World"}}
+    ])
+  end
+
+  # ... do your tests...
+end
+```
+
+`stub_elasticsearch_search_request` accepts an array or records:
+
+```ruby
+RSpec.describe SomeClass do
+  let(:articles) { create_list(:article, 5) }
+
+  before do
+    stub_elasticsearch_search_request("articles", articles)
+  end
+
+  # ... do your tests...
+end
+```
+
+It allows to shim the total number of hits returned.
+
+```ruby
+RSpec.describe SomeClass do
+  before do
+    stub_elasticsearch_search_request("articles", [], total: 250)
+  end
+
+  # ... do your tests...
+end
+```
 
 ## Contributing
 
@@ -31,9 +839,10 @@ bundle add caoutsearch
 ```bash
 bundle exec rspec
 bundle exec rubocop
+bundle exec standardrb
 ```
 
-Both can be run with:
+All of them can be run with:
 
 ```bash
 bundle exec rake