cancat 0.0.1.beta1

data/lib/cancan/model_adapters/data_mapper_adapter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+module CanCan
+  module ModelAdapters
+    class DataMapperAdapter < AbstractAdapter
+      def self.for_class?(model_class)
+        model_class <= DataMapper::Resource
+      end
+
+      def self.find(model_class, id)
+        model_class.get(id)
+      end
+
+      def self.override_conditions_hash_matching?(subject, conditions)
+        conditions.any? { |k,v| !k.kind_of?(Symbol) }
+      end
+
+      def self.matches_conditions_hash?(subject, conditions)
+        collection = DataMapper::Collection.new(subject.query, [ subject ])
+        !!collection.first(conditions)
+      end
+
+      def database_records
+        scope = @model_class.all(:conditions => ["0 = 1"])
+        cans, cannots = @rules.partition { |r| r.base_behavior }
+        return scope if cans.empty?
+        # apply unions first, then differences. this mean cannot overrides can
+        cans.each    { |r| scope += @model_class.all(:conditions => r.conditions) }
+        cannots.each { |r| scope -= @model_class.all(:conditions => r.conditions) }
+        scope
+      end
+    end # class DataMapper
+  end # module ModelAdapters
+end # module CanCan
+
+DataMapper::Model.class_eval do
+  include CanCan::ModelAdditions::ClassMethods
+end

data/lib/cancan/model_adapters/default_adapter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module CanCan
+  module ModelAdapters
+    class DefaultAdapter < AbstractAdapter
+      # This adapter is used when no matching adapter is found
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/cancan/model_adapters/mongoid_adapter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+module CanCan
+  module ModelAdapters
+    class MongoidAdapter < AbstractAdapter
+      def self.for_class?(model_class)
+        model_class <= Mongoid::Document
+      end
+
+      def self.override_conditions_hash_matching?(subject, conditions)
+        conditions.any? do |k,v|
+          key_is_not_symbol = lambda { !k.kind_of?(Symbol) }
+          subject_value_is_array = lambda do
+            subject.respond_to?(k) && subject.send(k).is_a?(Array)
+          end
+
+          key_is_not_symbol.call || subject_value_is_array.call
+        end
+      end
+
+      def self.matches_conditions_hash?(subject, conditions)
+        # To avoid hitting the db, retrieve the raw Mongo selector from
+        # the Mongoid Criteria and use Mongoid::Matchers#matches?
+        subject.matches?( subject.class.where(conditions).selector )
+      end
+
+      def database_records
+        if @rules.size == 0
+          @model_class.where(:_id => {'$exists' => false, '$type' => 7}) # return no records in Mongoid
+        elsif @rules.size == 1 && @rules[0].conditions.is_a?(Mongoid::Criteria)
+          @rules[0].conditions
+        else
+          # we only need to process can rules if
+          # there are no rules with empty conditions
+          rules = @rules.reject { |rule| rule.conditions.empty? }
+          process_can_rules = @rules.count == rules.count
+          rules.inject(@model_class.all) do |records, rule|
+            if process_can_rules && rule.base_behavior
+              records.or rule.conditions
+            elsif !rule.base_behavior
+              records.excludes rule.conditions
+            else
+              records
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# simplest way to add `accessible_by` to all Mongoid Documents
+module Mongoid::Document::ClassMethods
+  include CanCan::ModelAdditions::ClassMethods
+end

data/lib/cancan/model_additions.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+module CanCan
+
+  # This module adds the accessible_by class method to a model. It is included in the model adapters.
+  module ModelAdditions
+    module ClassMethods
+      # Returns a scope which fetches only the records that the passed ability
+      # can perform a given action on. The action defaults to :index. This
+      # is usually called from a controller and passed the +current_ability+.
+      #
+      #   @articles = Article.accessible_by(current_ability)
+      #
+      # Here only the articles which the user is able to read will be returned.
+      # If the user does not have permission to read any articles then an empty
+      # result is returned. Since this is a scope it can be combined with any
+      # other scopes or pagination.
+      #
+      # An alternative action can optionally be passed as a second argument.
+      #
+      #   @articles = Article.accessible_by(current_ability, :update)
+      #
+      # Here only the articles which the user can update are returned.
+      def accessible_by(ability, action = :index)
+        ability.model_adapter(self, action).database_records
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.included(base)
+      base.extend ClassMethods
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/cancan/rule.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+module CanCan
+  # This class is used internally and should only be called through Ability.
+  # it holds the information about a "can" call made on Ability and provides
+  # helpful methods to determine permission checking and conditions hash generation.
+  class Rule # :nodoc:
+    attr_reader :base_behavior, :subjects, :actions, :conditions
+    attr_writer :expanded_actions
+
+    # The first argument when initializing is the base_behavior which is a true/false
+    # value. True for "can" and false for "cannot". The next two arguments are the action
+    # and subject respectively (such as :read, @project). The third argument is a hash
+    # of conditions and the last one is the block passed to the "can" call.
+    def initialize(base_behavior, action, subject, conditions, block)
+      raise Error, "You are not able to supply a block with a hash of conditions in #{action} #{subject} ability. Use either one." if conditions.kind_of?(Hash) && !block.nil?
+      @match_all = action.nil? && subject.nil?
+      @base_behavior = base_behavior
+      @actions = [action].flatten
+      @subjects = [subject].flatten
+      @conditions = conditions || {}
+      @block = block
+    end
+
+    # Matches both the subject and action, not necessarily the conditions
+    def relevant?(action, subject)
+      subject = subject.values.first if subject.class == Hash
+      @match_all || (matches_action?(action) && matches_subject?(subject))
+    end
+
+    # Matches the block or conditions hash
+    def matches_conditions?(action, subject, extra_args)
+      if @match_all
+        call_block_with_all(action, subject, extra_args)
+      elsif @block && !subject_class?(subject)
+        @block.call(subject, *extra_args)
+      elsif @conditions.kind_of?(Hash) && subject.class == Hash
+        nested_subject_matches_conditions?(subject)
+      elsif @conditions.kind_of?(Hash) && !subject_class?(subject)
+        matches_conditions_hash?(subject)
+      else
+        # Don't stop at "cannot" definitions when there are conditions.
+        @conditions.empty? ? true : @base_behavior
+      end
+    end
+
+    def only_block?
+      conditions_empty? && !@block.nil?
+    end
+
+    def only_raw_sql?
+      @block.nil? && !conditions_empty? && !@conditions.kind_of?(Hash)
+    end
+
+    def conditions_empty?
+      @conditions == {} || @conditions.nil?
+    end
+
+    def associations_hash(conditions = @conditions)
+      hash = {}
+      conditions.map do |name, value|
+        hash[name] = associations_hash(value) if value.kind_of? Hash
+      end if conditions.kind_of? Hash
+      hash
+    end
+
+    def attributes_from_conditions
+      attributes = {}
+      @conditions.each do |key, value|
+        attributes[key] = value unless [Array, Range, Hash].include? value.class
+      end if @conditions.kind_of? Hash
+      attributes
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def subject_class?(subject)
+      klass = (subject.kind_of?(Hash) ? subject.values.first : subject).class
+      klass == Class || klass == Module
+    end
+
+    def matches_action?(action)
+      @expanded_actions.include?(:manage) || @expanded_actions.include?(action)
+    end
+
+    def matches_subject?(subject)
+      @subjects.include?(:all) || @subjects.include?(subject) || matches_subject_class?(subject)
+    end
+
+    def matches_subject_class?(subject)
+      @subjects.any? { |sub| sub.kind_of?(Module) && (subject.kind_of?(sub) || subject.class.to_s == sub.to_s || subject.kind_of?(Module) && subject.ancestors.include?(sub)) }
+    end
+
+    # Checks if the given subject matches the given conditions hash.
+    # This behavior can be overriden by a model adapter by defining two class methods:
+    # override_matching_for_conditions?(subject, conditions) and
+    # matches_conditions_hash?(subject, conditions)
+    def matches_conditions_hash?(subject, conditions = @conditions)
+      if conditions.empty?
+        true
+      else
+        if model_adapter(subject).override_conditions_hash_matching? subject, conditions
+          model_adapter(subject).matches_conditions_hash? subject, conditions
+        else
+          conditions.all? do |name, value|
+            if model_adapter(subject).override_condition_matching? subject, name, value
+              model_adapter(subject).matches_condition? subject, name, value
+            else
+              attribute = subject.send(name)
+              if value.kind_of?(Hash)
+                if attribute.kind_of? Array
+                  attribute.any? { |element| matches_conditions_hash? element, value }
+                else
+                  !attribute.nil? && matches_conditions_hash?(attribute, value)
+                end
+              elsif value.kind_of?(Array) || value.kind_of?(Range)
+                value.include? attribute
+              else
+                attribute == value
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def nested_subject_matches_conditions?(subject_hash)
+      parent, child = subject_hash.shift
+      matches_conditions_hash?(parent, @conditions[parent.class.name.downcase.to_sym] || {})
+    end
+
+    def call_block_with_all(action, subject, extra_args)
+      if subject.class == Class
+        @block.call(action, subject, nil, *extra_args)
+      else
+        @block.call(action, subject.class, subject, *extra_args)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def model_adapter(subject)
+      ModelAdapters::AbstractAdapter.adapter_class(subject_class?(subject) ? subject : subject.class)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/generators/cancan/ability/USAGE

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Description:
+  The cancan:ability generator creates an Ability class in the models
+  directory. You can move this file anywhere you want as long as it
+  is in the load path.

data/lib/generators/cancan/ability/ability_generator.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+module Cancan
+  module Generators
+    class AbilityGenerator < Rails::Generators::Base
+      source_root File.expand_path('../templates', __FILE__)
+
+      def generate_ability
+        copy_file "ability.rb", "app/models/ability.rb"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/generators/cancan/ability/templates/ability.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+class Ability
+  include CanCan::Ability
+
+  def initialize(user)
+    # Define abilities for the passed in user here. For example:
+    #
+    #   user ||= User.new # guest user (not logged in)
+    #   if user.admin?
+    #     can :manage, :all
+    #   else
+    #     can :read, :all
+    #   end
+    #
+    # The first argument to `can` is the action you are giving the user permission to do.
+    # If you pass :manage it will apply to every action. Other common actions here are
+    # :read, :create, :update and :destroy.
+    #
+    # The second argument is the resource the user can perform the action on. If you pass
+    # :all it will apply to every resource. Otherwise pass a Ruby class of the resource.
+    #
+    # The third argument is an optional hash of conditions to further filter the objects.
+    # For example, here the user can only update published articles.
+    #
+    #   can :update, Article, :published => true
+    #
+    # See the wiki for details: https://github.com/ryanb/cancan/wiki/Defining-Abilities
+  end
+end

data/spec/README.rdoc

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+= CanCan Specs
+
+== Running the specs
+
+To run the specs first run the +bundle+ command to install the necessary gems and the +rake+ command to run the specs.
+
+  bundle
+  rake
+
+The specs currently require Ruby 1.8.7. Ruby 1.9.2 support will be coming soon.
+
+
+== Model Adapters
+
+CanCan offers separate specs for different model adapters (such as Mongoid and Data Mapper). By default it will use Active Record but you can change this by setting the +MODEL_ADAPTER+ environment variable before running. You can run the +bundle+ command with this as well to ensure you have the installed gems.
+
+  MODEL_ADAPTER=data_mapper bundle
+  MODEL_ADAPTER=data_mapper rake
+
+The different model adapters you can specify are:
+
+* active_record (default)
+* data_mapper
+* mongoid
+
+You can also run the +spec_all+ rake task to run specs for each adapter.
+
+  rake spec_all

data/spec/cancan/ability_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+require "spec_helper"
+
+describe CanCan::Ability do
+  before(:each) do
+    @ability = Object.new
+    @ability.extend(CanCan::Ability)
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to :read anything" do
+    @ability.can :read, :all
+    @ability.can?(:read, String).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 123).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should not have permission to do something it doesn't know about" do
+    @ability.can?(:foodfight, String).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should pass true to `can?` when non false/nil is returned in block" do
+    @ability.can :read, :all
+    @ability.can :read, Symbol do |sym|
+      "foo" # TODO test that sym is nil when no instance is passed
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:read, :some_symbol).should == true
+  end
+
+  it "should pass nil to a block when no instance is passed" do
+    @ability.can :read, Symbol do |sym|
+      sym.should be_nil
+      true
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:read, Symbol).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should pass to previous rule, if block returns false or nil" do
+    @ability.can :read, Symbol
+    @ability.can :read, Integer do |i|
+      i < 5
+    end
+    @ability.can :read, Integer do |i|
+      i > 10
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:read, Symbol).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 11).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 6).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should not pass class with object if :all objects are accepted" do
+    @ability.can :preview, :all do |object|
+      object.should == 123
+      @block_called = true
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:preview, 123)
+    @block_called.should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should not call block when only class is passed, only return true" do
+    @block_called = false
+    @ability.can :preview, :all do |object|
+      @block_called = true
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:preview, Hash).should be_true
+    @block_called.should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should pass only object for global manage actions" do
+    @ability.can :manage, String do |object|
+      object.should == "foo"
+      @block_called = true
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:stuff, "foo").should
+    @block_called.should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should alias update or destroy actions to modify action" do
+    @ability.alias_action :update, :destroy, :to => :modify
+    @ability.can :modify, :all
+    @ability.can?(:update, 123).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:destroy, 123).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should allow deeply nested aliased actions" do
+    @ability.alias_action :increment, :to => :sort
+    @ability.alias_action :sort, :to => :modify
+    @ability.can :modify, :all
+    @ability.can?(:increment, 123).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should always call block with arguments when passing no arguments to can" do
+    @ability.can do |action, object_class, object|
+      action.should == :foo
+      object_class.should == 123.class
+      object.should == 123
+      @block_called = true
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:foo, 123)
+    @block_called.should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should pass nil to object when comparing class with can check" do
+    @ability.can do |action, object_class, object|
+      action.should == :foo
+      object_class.should == Hash
+      object.should be_nil
+      @block_called = true
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:foo, Hash)
+    @block_called.should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should automatically alias index and show into read calls" do
+    @ability.can :read, :all
+    @ability.can?(:index, 123).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:show, 123).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should automatically alias new and edit into create and update respectively" do
+    @ability.can :create, :all
+    @ability.can :update, :all
+    @ability.can?(:new, 123).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:edit, 123).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should not respond to prepare (now using initialize)" do
+    @ability.should_not respond_to(:prepare)
+  end
+
+  it "should offer cannot? method which is simply invert of can?" do
+    @ability.cannot?(:tie, String).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to specify multiple actions and match any" do
+    @ability.can [:read, :update], :all
+    @ability.can?(:read, 123).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:update, 123).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:count, 123).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should be able to specify multiple classes and match any" do
+    @ability.can :update, [String, Range]
+    @ability.can?(:update, "foo").should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:update, 1..3).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:update, 123).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should support custom objects in the rule" do
+    @ability.can :read, :stats
+    @ability.can?(:read, :stats).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:update, :stats).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, :nonstats).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should check ancestors of class" do
+    @ability.can :read, Numeric
+    @ability.can?(:read, Integer).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1.23).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, "foo").should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should support 'cannot' method to define what user cannot do" do
+    @ability.can :read, :all
+    @ability.cannot :read, Integer
+    @ability.can?(:read, "foo").should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 123).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should pass to previous rule, if block returns false or nil" do
+    @ability.can :read, :all
+    @ability.cannot :read, Integer do |int|
+      int > 10 ? nil : ( int > 5 )
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:read, "foo").should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 3).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 8).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, 123).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should always return `false` for single cannot definition" do
+    @ability.cannot :read, Integer do |int|
+      int > 10 ? nil : ( int > 5 )
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:read, "foo").should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, 3).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, 8).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, 123).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should pass to previous cannot definition, if block returns false or nil" do
+    @ability.cannot :read, :all
+    @ability.can :read, Integer do |int|
+      int > 10 ? nil : ( int > 5 )
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:read, "foo").should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, 3).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, 10).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 123).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should append aliased actions" do
+    @ability.alias_action :update, :to => :modify
+    @ability.alias_action :destroy, :to => :modify
+    @ability.aliased_actions[:modify].should == [:update, :destroy]
+  end
+
+  it "should clear aliased actions" do
+    @ability.alias_action :update, :to => :modify
+    @ability.clear_aliased_actions
+    @ability.aliased_actions[:modify].should be_nil
+  end
+
+  it "should pass additional arguments to block from can?" do
+    @ability.can :read, Integer do |int, x|
+      int > x
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:read, 2, 1).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 2, 3).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should use conditions as third parameter and determine abilities from it" do
+    @ability.can :read, Range, :begin => 1, :end => 3
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1..3).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1..4).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, Range).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should allow an array of options in conditions hash" do
+    @ability.can :read, Range, :begin => [1, 3, 5]
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1..3).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 2..4).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, 3..5).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should allow a range of options in conditions hash" do
+    @ability.can :read, Range, :begin => 1..3
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1..10).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 3..30).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 4..40).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should allow nested hashes in conditions hash" do
+    @ability.can :read, Range, :begin => { :to_i => 5 }
+    @ability.can?(:read, 5..7).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 6..8).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should match any element passed in to nesting if it's an array (for has_many associations)" do
+    @ability.can :read, Range, :to_a => { :to_i => 3 }
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1..5).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 4..6).should be_false
+  end
+  
+  it "should not match subjects return nil for methods that must match nested a nested conditions hash" do
+    mock(object_with_foo = Object.new).foo { :bar }
+    @ability.can :read, Array, :first => { :foo => :bar }
+    @ability.can?(:read, [object_with_foo]).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, []).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should not stop at cannot definition when comparing class" do
+    @ability.can :read, Range
+    @ability.cannot :read, Range, :begin => 1
+    @ability.can?(:read, 2..5).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1..5).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, Range).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should stop at cannot definition when no hash is present" do
+    @ability.can :read, :all
+    @ability.cannot :read, Range
+    @ability.can?(:read, 1..5).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, Range).should be_false
+  end
+
+  it "should allow to check ability for Module" do
+    module B; end
+    class A; include B; end
+    @ability.can :read, B
+    @ability.can?(:read, A).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, A.new).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should pass nil to a block for ability on Module when no instance is passed" do
+    module B; end
+    class A; include B; end
+    @ability.can :read, B do |sym|
+      sym.should be_nil
+      true
+    end
+    @ability.can?(:read, B).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, A).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "passing a hash of subjects should check permissions through association" do
+    @ability.can :read, Range, :string => {:length => 3}
+    @ability.can?(:read, "foo" => Range).should be_true
+    @ability.can?(:read, "foobar" => Range).should be_false
+    @ability.can?(:read, 123 => Range).should be_true
+  end
+  
+  it "should allow to check ability on Hash-like object" do
+    class Container < Hash; end
+    @ability.can :read, Container
+    @ability.can?(:read, Container.new).should be_true
+  end
+
+  it "should have initial attributes based on hash conditions of 'new' action" do
+    @ability.can :manage, Range, :foo => "foo", :hash => {:skip => "hashes"}
+    @ability.can :create, Range, :bar => 123, :array => %w[skip arrays]
+    @ability.can :new, Range, :baz => "baz", :range => 1..3
+    @ability.cannot :new, Range, :ignore => "me"
+    @ability.attributes_for(:new, Range).should == {:foo => "foo", :bar => 123, :baz => "baz"}
+  end
+
+  it "should raise access denied exception if ability us unauthorized to perform a certain action" do
+    begin
+      @ability.authorize! :read, :foo, 1, 2, 3, :message => "Access denied!"
+    rescue CanCan::AccessDenied => e
+      e.message.should == "Access denied!"
+      e.action.should == :read
+      e.subject.should == :foo
+    else
+      fail "Expected CanCan::AccessDenied exception to be raised"
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "should not raise access denied exception if ability is authorized to perform an action and return subject" do
+    @ability.can :read, :foo
+    lambda {
+      @ability.authorize!(:read, :foo).should == :foo
+    }.should_not raise_error
+  end
+
+  it "should know when block is used in conditions" do
+    @ability.can :read, :foo
+    @ability.should_not have_block(:read, :foo)
+    @ability.can :read, :foo do |foo|
+      false
+    end
+    @ability.should have_block(:read, :foo)
+  end
+
+  it "should know when raw sql is used in conditions" do
+    @ability.can :read, :foo
+    @ability.should_not have_raw_sql(:read, :foo)
+    @ability.can :read, :foo, 'false'
+    @ability.should have_raw_sql(:read, :foo)
+  end
+
+  it "should raise access denied exception with default message if not specified" do
+    begin
+      @ability.authorize! :read, :foo
+    rescue CanCan::AccessDenied => e
+      e.default_message = "Access denied!"
+      e.message.should == "Access denied!"
+    else
+      fail "Expected CanCan::AccessDenied exception to be raised"
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "should determine model adapter class by asking AbstractAdapter" do
+    model_class = Object.new
+    adapter_class = Object.new
+    stub(CanCan::ModelAdapters::AbstractAdapter).adapter_class(model_class) { adapter_class }
+    stub(adapter_class).new(model_class, []) { :adapter_instance }
+    @ability.model_adapter(model_class, :read).should == :adapter_instance
+  end
+
+  it "should raise an error when attempting to use a block with a hash condition since it's not likely what they want" do
+    lambda {
+      @ability.can :read, Array, :published => true do
+        false
+      end
+    }.should raise_error(CanCan::Error, "You are not able to supply a block with a hash of conditions in read Array ability. Use either one.")
+  end
+
+  describe "unauthorized message" do
+    after(:each) do
+      I18n.backend = nil
+    end
+
+    it "should use action/subject in i18n" do
+      I18n.backend.store_translations :en, :unauthorized => {:update => {:array => "foo"}}
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:update, Array).should == "foo"
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:update, [1, 2, 3]).should == "foo"
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:update, :missing).should be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should use symbol as subject directly" do
+      I18n.backend.store_translations :en, :unauthorized => {:has => {:cheezburger => "Nom nom nom. I eated it."}}
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:has, :cheezburger).should == "Nom nom nom. I eated it."
+    end
+
+    it "should fall back to 'manage' and 'all'" do
+      I18n.backend.store_translations :en, :unauthorized => {
+        :manage => {:all => "manage all", :array => "manage array"},
+        :update => {:all => "update all", :array => "update array"}
+      }
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:update, Array).should == "update array"
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:update, Hash).should == "update all"
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:foo, Array).should == "manage array"
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:foo, Hash).should == "manage all"
+    end
+
+    it "should follow aliased actions" do
+      I18n.backend.store_translations :en, :unauthorized => {:modify => {:array => "modify array"}}
+      @ability.alias_action :update, :to => :modify
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:update, Array).should == "modify array"
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:edit, Array).should == "modify array"
+    end
+
+    it "should have variables for action and subject" do
+      I18n.backend.store_translations :en, :unauthorized => {:manage => {:all => "%{action} %{subject}"}} # old syntax for now in case testing with old I18n
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:update, Array).should == "update array"
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:update, ArgumentError).should == "update argument error"
+      @ability.unauthorized_message(:edit, 1..3).should == "edit range"
+    end
+  end
+end