call_by_need 0.1.0

data/Gemfile

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+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+gemspec

data/Gemfile.lock

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+PATH
+  remote: .
+  specs:
+    call_by_need (0.1.0)
+
+GEM
+  remote: https://rubygems.org/
+  specs:
+    diff-lcs (1.1.3)
+    rake (10.0.4)
+    rspec (2.5.0)
+      rspec-core (~> 2.5.0)
+      rspec-expectations (~> 2.5.0)
+      rspec-mocks (~> 2.5.0)
+    rspec-core (2.5.2)
+    rspec-expectations (2.5.0)
+      diff-lcs (~> 1.1.2)
+    rspec-mocks (2.5.0)
+
+PLATFORMS
+  ruby
+
+DEPENDENCIES
+  call_by_need!
+  rake
+  rspec

data/Rakefile

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+#!/usr/bin/env rake
+require "bundler/gem_tasks"
+
+require "rspec/core/rake_task"
+
+RSpec::Core::RakeTask.new
+
+task :default => :spec
+task :test => :spec

data/call_by_need.gemspec

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+# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
+require File.expand_path('../lib/call_by_need/version', __FILE__)
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |gem|
+  gem.authors       = ["fronx"]
+  gem.email         = ["fronx@wurmus.de"]
+  gem.description   = %q{A little call-by-need implementation for recreational use.}
+  gem.summary       = %q{A scoped call-by-need module/class.}
+  gem.homepage      = "https://github.com/fronx/call_by_need.rb"
+
+  gem.files         = `git ls-files`.split("\n")
+  gem.test_files    = `git ls-files -- {test,spec,features}/*`.split("\n")
+  gem.name          = "call_by_need"
+  gem.require_paths = ["lib"]
+  gem.version       = CallByNeed::VERSION
+
+  gem.add_development_dependency 'rake'
+  gem.add_development_dependency 'rspec'
+end

data/lib/call_by_need/call_by_need.rb

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+module CallByNeed
+  class VarMissingError < StandardError
+    def initialize(name, context)
+      super("`#{name}` was expected, but doesn't exist in context `#{context.inspect}`.")
+    end
+  end
+
+  class DuplicateVarError < StandardError
+    def initialize(name, context)
+      super("`#{name}` can't be initialized twice in context `#{context.inspect}`.")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def declare(name, &block)
+    var_set(name, block)
+    class << self; self; end.class_eval do
+      define_method(name) do
+        get(name)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def declared?(name)
+    store.has_key?(name)
+  end
+
+  def get(name)
+    if var_get(name).respond_to?(:call)
+      store[name] = var_get(name).call(self)
+    else
+      var_get(name)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def keys
+    store.keys
+  end
+
+  def [](key)
+    var_get(key)
+  end
+
+private
+  def var_get(name)
+    if store.has_key?(name)
+      store[name]
+    else
+      raise VarMissingError.new(name, self)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def var_set(name, value)
+    if store.has_key?(name) && (store[name] != value)
+      raise DuplicateVarError.new(name, self)
+    else
+      store[name] = value # returns value
+    end
+  end
+
+  def store
+    @__store ||= {}
+  end
+end

data/lib/call_by_need/context.rb

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+module CallByNeed
+  class Context
+    include CallByNeed
+
+    def initialize(*others, &block)
+      others.each do |other|
+        other.keys.each do |k|
+          if other[k].respond_to?(:call)
+            declare(k, &other[k])
+          else # item has already been evaluated
+            declare(k) { other[k] }
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      block.call(self) if block
+    end
+
+    def merge(*others)
+      self.class.new(self, *others)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/call_by_need/version.rb

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+module CallByNeed
+  VERSION = "0.1.0"
+end

data/lib/call_by_need.rb

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+require "call_by_need/version"
+require 'call_by_need/call_by_need'
+require 'call_by_need/context'

data/readme.md

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+# Call By Need
+
+So yeah, uhm, you can read about what that means on [Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation_strategy#Call_by_need). It's like an on-line encyclopedia type thing.

data/spec/call_by_need_spec.rb

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+require 'bundler/setup'
+require 'call_by_need'
+
+class CallByNeedTest
+  include CallByNeed
+  attr_reader :a
+  def initialize(a)
+    @a = a
+  end
+end
+
+describe CallByNeed do
+  let(:object) do
+    CallByNeedTest.new(123)
+  end
+
+  it "executes in the calling scope" do
+    @a = nil
+    object.a.should == 123
+    object.declare(:foo) { @a = 3 * 9 }
+    object.foo.should == 27
+    @a.should == 27
+  end
+end
+
+describe CallByNeed::Context do
+  def something
+    @x ||= "something"
+  end
+
+  let(:context) do
+    CallByNeed::Context.new do |c|
+      c.declare(:a) { something }
+      c.declare(:b) { something + something }
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "disallows overwriting values" do
+    lambda do
+      context.declare(:a) { "boo" }
+    end.should raise_error(CallByNeed::DuplicateVarError)
+  end
+
+  it "throws an error when reading nonexisting values" do
+    lambda do
+      context.get(:x)
+    end.should raise_error(CallByNeed::VarMissingError)
+  end
+
+  it "can read values repeatedly" do
+    context.a.should == 'something'
+    context.a.should == 'something'
+  end
+
+  it "executes the block for a name once" do
+    context.a.should == 'something' # cached hereafter
+    @x = 'else'
+    context.a.should == 'something' # memoized
+    context.b.should == 'elseelse'  # evaluated later --> different value
+  end
+
+  it "allows self-references" do
+    context = CallByNeed::Context.new do |c|
+      c.declare(:x) { 2 * c.y }
+      c.declare(:z) { 3 * c.x }
+      c.declare(:y) { 4 }
+    end
+    context.z.should == 24
+  end
+
+  it "can be merged" do
+    c1 = CallByNeed::Context.new { |c| c.declare(:a) { 1 } }
+    c2 = CallByNeed::Context.new { |c| c.declare(:b) { 2 } }
+    c3 = c1.merge(c2)
+    c3.a.should == 1
+    c3.b.should == 2
+  end
+
+  it "can inherit" do
+    c1 = CallByNeed::Context.new { |c| c.declare(:a) { 2 } }
+    c2 = CallByNeed::Context.new(c1) { |c| c.declare(:b) { c.a * 4 } }
+    c2.a.should == 2
+    c2.b.should == 8
+  end
+
+  it "doesn't care what the order of dependent declarations is" do
+    CallByNeed::Context.new do |c|
+      c.declare(:a, &:b)
+      c.declare(:b) { 'b' }
+    end.a.should == 'b'
+    c1 = CallByNeed::Context.new do |c|
+      c.declare(:a, &:b)
+      c.declare(:x) { |x| x.b + 'x' }
+    end
+    c2 = CallByNeed::Context.new do |c|
+      c.declare(:b) { 'b' }
+    end
+    c2.merge(c1).a.should == 'b'
+    c2.merge(c1).x.should == 'bx'
+  end
+end

metadata

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+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification 
+name: call_by_need
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
+  prerelease: 
+  version: 0.1.0
+platform: ruby
+authors: 
+- fronx
+autorequire: 
+bindir: bin
+cert_chain: []
+
+date: 2013-09-07 00:00:00 Z
+dependencies: 
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency 
+  name: rake
+  requirement: &id001 !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement 
+    none: false
+    requirements: 
+    - - ">="
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
+        version: "0"
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: *id001
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency 
+  name: rspec
+  requirement: &id002 !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement 
+    none: false
+    requirements: 
+    - - ">="
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
+        version: "0"
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: *id002
+description: A little call-by-need implementation for recreational use.
+email: 
+- fronx@wurmus.de
+executables: []
+
+extensions: []
+
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+
+files: 
+- Gemfile
+- Gemfile.lock
+- Rakefile
+- call_by_need.gemspec
+- lib/call_by_need.rb
+- lib/call_by_need/call_by_need.rb
+- lib/call_by_need/context.rb
+- lib/call_by_need/version.rb
+- readme.md
+- spec/call_by_need_spec.rb
+homepage: https://github.com/fronx/call_by_need.rb
+licenses: []
+
+post_install_message: 
+rdoc_options: []
+
+require_paths: 
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement 
+  none: false
+  requirements: 
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
+      hash: 1747255289361994175
+      segments: 
+      - 0
+      version: "0"
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement 
+  none: false
+  requirements: 
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version 
+      hash: 1747255289361994175
+      segments: 
+      - 0
+      version: "0"
+requirements: []
+
+rubyforge_project: 
+rubygems_version: 1.8.24
+signing_key: 
+specification_version: 3
+summary: A scoped call-by-need module/class.
+test_files: 
+- spec/call_by_need_spec.rb