RubyGems - calc_sun - Versions diffs - 0.1.1 → 1.2.6 - Mend

calc_sun 0.1.1 → 1.2.6

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Files changed (36) hide show

data/example/Makefile ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+SHELL = /bin/sh
+# V=0 quiet, V=1 verbose.  other values don't work.
+V = 0
+Q1 = $(V:1=)
+Q = $(Q1:0=@)
+ECHO1 = $(V:1=@:)
+all: sunriset
+sunriset: sunriset.c
+	gcc -o sunriset sunriset.c -lm

data/example/adt_helper.rb ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+require 'bigdecimal'
+require 'calc_sun'
+require 'date'
+require 'eot'
+# This is for equationoftime gem but conversion is in process.
+#
+class AnalemmaDataTable
+  attr_accessor :year,
+                :eot,
+                :finish,
+                :start,
+                :span,
+                :page,
+                :table
+  def initialize
+    @year         = Time.now.utc.year
+    @eot          = Eot.new
+    @cs           = CalcSun.new
+    @start        = Date.parse("#{@year}-1-1")
+    @finish       = Date.parse("#{@year}-12-31")
+    @span         = 0..(@finish - @start).to_i
+    @page         = '<head>'
+    @page         << '<link rel="stylesheet", type="text/css",
+                            href="/stylesheets/app.css">'
+    @page         << '</link></head><body>'
+    build
+  end
+  def page_head
+    @page << "<h2 align=center>Analemma Data for #{@year}</h2>"
+    @page << '<div align="center">'
+    @page << '<table>'
+    @page << '<tbody>'
+    @page << '<tr><th></th><th></th>'
+    @page << '<th> yday </th>'
+    @page << '<th> date </th>'
+  end
+  def table_head
+    @page << '<th> Julian No. </th>'
+    @page << '<th> Oblique  &Delta;T </th>'
+    @page << '<th> Orbital  &Delta;T </th>'
+    @page << '<th> Total  &Delta;T </th>'
+    @page << '<th> Right Ascension </th>'
+    @page << '<th> Declination </th>'
+    @page << '<th></th><th></th></tr>'
+  end
+  def setup_each_iteration(inc)
+    @cs.jd(@start + inc)
+    @eot.jd = (@start + inc).jd + 0.5
+    @eot.ajd = (@start + inc).ajd + 0.5
+    @eot.ma_ta_set
+  end
+  def table_data(inc)
+    @page << "<td><b>#{@eot.show_minutes(@eot.time_delta_oblique)}<b/></td>"
+    @page << "<td><b>#{@eot.show_minutes(@eot.time_delta_orbit)}<b/></td>"
+    @page << "<td><b>#{@eot.show_minutes(@eot.time_eot)}<b/></td>"
+    @page << "<td><b>#{@eot.string_time((@eot.ra_sun * Eot::R2D) / 15.0)}<b/></td>"
+    @page << "<td><b>#{@cs.declination(inc)}<b/></td>"
+  end
+  def table_body
+    @span.each do |i|
+      setup_each_iteration(i)
+      @page << '<tr><td><b><b/></td><td><b><b/></td>'
+      @page << "<td><b>#{(@start + i).yday}<b/></td>"
+      @page << "<td><b>#{(@start + i).month}/#{(@start + i).day}</b></td>"
+      @page << "<td><b>#{(@start + i).jd}.0<b/></td>"
+      table_data(i)
+    end
+  end
+  def table_foot
+    @page << '<td><b><b/></td><td><b><b/></td></tr>'
+    @page << '</tbody></table></div>'
+  end
+  def build
+    page_head
+    table_head
+    table_body
+    table_foot
+    @page << '</body>'
+  end
+end
+p AnalemmaDataTable.new

data/example/askgeo_query.rb ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# askgeo_query.rb
+require 'date'
+require 'addressable/uri'
+require 'json'
+require 'rest-client'
+lat = 51.4770228
+lon = -0.0001147
+base_url = 'http://api.askgeo.com/v1'
+account_id = '1738' # my account for now but you can get one it's free
+# my api key too
+api_key = '7f33e4f2a928bc460cbb997fe3b5cb0b30fc7abebe16422e6b267989f80297d0'
+url = "#{base_url}/#{account_id}/#{api_key}/query.json?points="
+query = "#{lat},#{lon};databases=Astronomy"
+addr = Addressable::URI.escape(url + query)
+rest_resource = JSON.parse(RestClient.get(addr))
+puts status = rest_resource['message']
+results = rest_resource['data']
+if status == 'ok'
+  astronomy = {}
+  results[0].fetch('Astronomy').each do |key, value|
+    astronomy.store(key, value)
+  end
+end
+puts astronomy.fetch('TodaySunriseIso8601')
+puts astronomy.fetch('TodaySolarNoonIso8601')
+puts astronomy.fetch('TodaySunsetIso8601')
+puts astronomy

data/example/eq_center.md ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Equation of Center
+Ccen =
+(2e - e3 / 4 + (5 / 96)e5) * sinM +
+((5 / 4)e2 - (11 / 24)e4) * sin(2M) +
+((13 / 12)e3 - (43 / 64)e5) * sin(3M) +
+(103 / 96)e4) * sin(4M) +
+(1097 / 960)e5 * sin(5M)
+* [Equation of Center](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_of_the_center)
+* [Determinates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determinant)
+* [Matrix](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95zVTo2nu3Q)

data/example/sunriset.c ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,670 @@
+/* if you have the SOFA C lib installed
+/* gcc -o sunriset sunriset.c -lm -lsofa_c
+SUNRISET.C - computes Sun rise/set times, start/end of twilight, and
+             the length of the day at any date and latitude
+Written as DAYLEN.C, 1989-08-16
+Modified to SUNRISET.C, 1992-12-01
+(c) Paul Schlyter, 1989, 1992
+Released to the public domain by Paul Schlyter, December 1992
+http://stjarnhimlen.se/comp/sunriset.c
+*/
+// #include <sofa.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <time.h>
+/* A macro to compute the number of days elapsed since 2000 Jan 0.0 */
+/* (which is equal to 1999 Dec 31, 0h UT)                           */
+#define days_since_2000_Jan_0(y,m,d) \
+    (367L * (y) - ((7 * ((y) + (((m) + 9) / 12))) / 4) + ((275 * (m))  /9) + (d) - 730531.5L)
+/* Some conversion factors between radians and degrees */
+#ifndef PI
+  #define PI        3.1415926535897932384
+#endif
+#define RADEG     ( 180.0 / PI )
+#define DEGRAD    ( PI / 180.0 )
+/* The trigonometric functions in degrees */
+#define sind(x)  sin((x) * DEGRAD)
+#define cosd(x)  cos((x) * DEGRAD)
+#define tand(x)  tan((x) * DEGRAD)
+#define atand(x)    (RADEG * atan(x))
+#define asind(x)    (RADEG * asin(x))
+#define acosd(x)    (RADEG * acos(x))
+#define atan2d(y,x) (RADEG * atan2(y,x));
+/* Following are some macros around the "workhorse" function __daylen__ */
+/* They mainly fill in the desired values for the reference altitude    */
+/* below the horizon, and also selects whether this altitude should     */
+/* refer to the Sun's center or its upper limb.                         */
+/* This macro computes the length of the day, from sunrise to sunset.   */
+/* Sunrise/set is considered to occur when the Sun's upper limb is      */
+/* 35 arc minutes below the horizon (this accounts for the refraction   */
+/* of the Earth's atmosphere).                                          */
+#define day_length(jd, lon, lat)  \
+        __daylen__( jd, lon, lat, -35.0/60.0, 1 );
+// #define day_length(year,month,day,lon,lat)  \
+        //~ __daylen__( year, month, day, lon, lat, -35.0/60.0, 1 )
+/* This macro computes the length of the day, including civil twilight.    */
+/* Civil twilight starts/ends when the Sun's center is 6 degrees below     */
+/* the horizon.                                                            */
+#define day_civil_twilight_length(jd,lon,lat)  \
+        __daylen__( jd, lon, lat, -6.0, 0 );
+// #define day_civil_twilight_length(year,month,day,lon,lat)  \
+//         __daylen__( year, month, day, lon, lat, -6.0, 0 )
+/* This macro computes the length of the day, incl. nautical twilight.     */
+/* Nautical twilight starts/ends when the Sun's center is 12 degrees       */
+/* below the horizon.                                                      */
+#define day_nautical_twilight_length(jd, lon, lat)  \
+        __daylen__( jd, lon, lat, -12.0, 0 );
+// #define day_nautical_twilight_length(year,month,day,lon,lat)  \
+//         __daylen__( year, month, day, lon, lat, -12.0, 0 )
+/* This macro computes the length of the day, incl. astronomical twilight. */
+/* Astronomical twilight starts/ends when the Sun's center is 18 degrees   */
+/* below the horizon.                                                      */
+#define day_astronomical_twilight_length(jd, lon, lat)  \
+        __daylen__( jd, lon, lat, -18.0, 0 );
+// #define day_astronomical_twilight_length(year,month,day,lon,lat)  \
+//         __daylen__( year, month, day, lon, lat, -18.0, 0 )
+/* This macro computes times for sunrise/sunset.                           */
+/* Sunrise/set is considered to occur when the Sun's upper limb is         */
+/* 35 arc minutes below the horizon (this accounts for the refraction      */
+/* of the Earth's atmosphere).                                             */
+#define sun_rise_set(jd, lon, lat, rise, set)  \
+        __sunriset__( jd, lon, lat, -35.0/60.0, 0, rise, set );
+// #define sun_rise_set(year,month,day,lon,lat,rise,set)  \
+//         __sunriset__( year, month, day, lon, lat, -35.0/60.0, 0, rise, set )
+/* This macro computes the start and end times of civil twilight.          */
+/* Civil twilight starts/ends when the Sun's center is 6 degrees below     */
+/* the horizon.                                                            */
+#define civil_twilight(jd, lon, lat, start, end)  \
+        __sunriset__( jd, lon, lat, -6.0, 0, start, end );
+// #define civil_twilight(year,month,day,lon,lat,start,end)  \
+//         __sunriset__( year, month, day, lon, lat, -6.0, 0, start, end )
+/* This macro computes the start and end times of nautical twilight.       */
+/* Nautical twilight starts/ends when the Sun's center is 12 degrees       */
+/* below the horizon.                                                      */
+#define nautical_twilight(jd, lon, lat, start, end)  \
+        __sunriset__( jd, lon, lat, -12.0, 0, start, end );
+// #define nautical_twilight(year,month,day,lon,lat,start,end)  \
+//         __sunriset__( year, month, day, lon, lat, -12.0, 0, start, end )
+/* This macro computes the start and end times of astronomical twilight.   */
+/* Astronomical twilight starts/ends when the Sun's center is 18 degrees   */
+/* below the horizon.                                                      */
+#define astronomical_twilight(jd, lon, lat, start, end)  \
+        __sunriset__( jd, lon, lat, -18.0, 0, start, end );
+// #define astronomical_twilight(year,month,day,lon,lat,start,end)  \
+//         __sunriset__( year, month, day, lon, lat, -18.0, 0, start, end )
+/* Function prototypes */
+double __daylen__( double jd, double lon, double lat,
+                   double altit, int upper_limb );
+// double __daylen__( int year, int month, int day, double lon, double lat,
+                   //~ double altit, int upper_limb );
+int __sunriset__( double jd, double lon, double lat,
+                  double altit, int upper_limb, double *rise, double *set );
+// int __sunriset__( int year, int month, int day, double lon, double lat,
+                  //~ double altit, int upper_limb, double *rise, double *set );
+void sunpos( double d, double *lon, double *r );
+void sun_RA_dec( double d, double *RA, double *dec, double *r );
+double revolution( double x );
+double rev180( double x );
+double GMST0( double d );
+/* midnight 1.1.1970 = JD 2440587.5 */
+#define EJD (double) 2440587.0
+/* midnight 1.1.2000 = JD 2451544.5 */
+#define J2000 (double) 2451545.0
+/*  Compute the Julian Day for the given date */
+/*  Julian Date is the number of days since noon of Jan 1 4713 B.C. */
+double CalcJD(int ny, int nm, int nd, double ut)
+{
+  double A, B, C, D, jd, day;
+  day = nd + ut / 24.0;
+  if ((nm == 1) || (nm == 2)) {
+    ny = ny - 1;
+    nm = nm + 12;
+  }
+  if (((double) ny + nm / 12.0 + day / 365.25) >=
+    (1582.0 + 10.0 / 12.0 + 15.0 / 365.25))
+  {
+    A = ((int) (ny / 100.0));
+    B = 2.0 - A + (int) (A / 4.0);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    B = 0.0;
+  }
+  if (ny < 0.0)
+  {
+    C = (int) ((365.25 * (double) ny) - 0.75);
+  }
+    else
+  {
+    C = (int) (365.25 * (double) ny);
+  }
+  D = (int) (30.6001 * (double) (nm + 1));
+  jd = B + C + D + day + 1720994.5;
+  return (jd);
+}
+/* Calculate the Julian date from the system clock */
+double JDNow(void)
+{
+  int year,month,day;
+  int hours,minutes,seconds;
+  double ut,jd;
+  time_t observatory;
+  struct tm * greenwich;
+  time(&observatory);
+  greenwich=gmtime(&observatory);
+  year = greenwich->tm_year;
+  year = year + 1900;
+  month = greenwich->tm_mon;
+  month = month + 1;
+  day = greenwich->tm_mday;
+  hours = greenwich->tm_hour;
+  minutes = greenwich->tm_min;
+  seconds = greenwich->tm_sec;
+  ut = ( (double) seconds )/3600. +
+    ( (double) minutes )/60. +
+    ( (double) hours );
+  jd = CalcJD(year, month, day, ut);
+  /* To test for specific jd change this value and uncomment */
+  /* jd = 2462088.69;  */
+  return (jd) ;
+}
+/* A small test program */
+void main(void)
+{
+  int year,month,day;
+  double d;  /* Days since 2000 Jan 0.0 (negative before) */
+  double majd;
+  double lon, lat;
+  double daylen, civlen, nautlen, astrlen;
+  double rise, set, civ_start, civ_end, naut_start, naut_end,
+         astr_start, astr_end;
+  int    rs, civ, naut, astr;
+  lat = 41.9475360;
+  lon = -88.7430640;
+	int epoc_days = (int) time(0) / 86400.0;
+  double jd_today = epoc_days + EJD;
+  double jd_days = epoc_days + EJD - J2000;
+  double jd = epoc_days + EJD - J2000 - lon / 360.0;
+  int iy, im, id;
+  double fd;
+  // iauJd2cal(jd + J2000, 0, &iy, &im, &id, &fd);
+  printf("\n");
+  printf("\tjd now \t\t\t : %7.9f\n", JDNow());
+  majd = days_since_2000_Jan_0(year,month,day);
+  /* printf( "MAJD %6.6f \n", majd );
+  printf( "AJD %6.6f \n", majd + 2451545.0 );
+  printf( "JD %6.6f \n", majd + 2451545.0 + 0.5 );*/
+  // printf ("\tDate \t\t\t : %4d/%2.2d/%2.2d\n", iy, im, id );
+  // printf ("\tFD \t\t\t : %f\n", fd );
+  printf("\tEpoch \t\t\t : %llu seconds past midnight 1.1.1970\n",  time(0));
+  printf("\tDays \t\t\t : %d days past midnight 1.1.1970\n", epoc_days);
+  printf("\tJD \t\t\t : %f \n", jd_today);
+  printf("\tDays \t\t\t : %f Number of days since 12:00 UTC Jan 1st 2000\n", jd_days);
+  printf("\tDays \t\t\t : %f My Number of days since 12:00 UTC Jan 1st 2000\n", jd);
+  // "is %ld \n", seconds / 86400);
+  // printf( "Longitude (+ is east) and latitude (+ is north) : " );
+  // scanf( "%lf %lf", &lon, &lat );
+  // for(;;)
+  // {
+  //  printf( "Input date ( yyyy mm dd ) (ctrl-C exits): " );
+  //  scanf( "%d %d %d", &year, &month, &day );
+  //  year = 2015;
+  //  month = 06;
+  //  day = 6;
+  //  d = days_since_2000_Jan_0(year,month,day) - lon/360.0;
+  //  printf( "JD %6.6fh \n", d + 2451545.0 );
+  daylen  = day_length(jd, lon, lat);
+  civlen  = day_civil_twilight_length(jd, lon, lat);
+  nautlen = day_nautical_twilight_length(jd, lon, lat);
+  astrlen = day_astronomical_twilight_length(jd, lon, lat);
+  printf( "\tDay length \t\t : %5.2f hours\n", daylen );
+  // printf( "With civil twilight         %5.2f hours\n", civlen );
+  // printf( "With nautical twilight      %5.2f hours\n", nautlen );
+  // printf( "With astronomical twilight  %5.2f hours\n", astrlen );
+  // printf( "Length of twilight: civil   %5.2f hours\n",
+  //         (civlen-daylen)/2.0);
+  // printf( "                  nautical  %5.2f hours\n",
+  //         (nautlen-daylen)/2.0);
+  // printf( "              astronomical  %5.2f hours\n",
+  //         (astrlen-daylen)/2.0);
+  rs   = sun_rise_set( jd, lon, lat, &rise, &set );
+  // rs = sun_rise_set( year, month, day, lon, lat, &rise, &set );
+  civ  = civil_twilight( jd, lon, lat, &civ_start, &civ_end );
+  // civ  = civil_twilight( year, month, day, lon, lat,
+  //                        &civ_start, &civ_end );
+  naut = nautical_twilight( jd, lon, lat, &naut_start, &naut_end );
+  // naut = nautical_twilight( year, month, day, lon, lat,
+  //                           &naut_start, &naut_end );
+  astr = astronomical_twilight( jd, lon, lat, &astr_start, &astr_end );
+  // astr = astronomical_twilight( year, month, day, lon, lat,
+  //                               &astr_start, &astr_end );
+  printf( "\tSun at south \t\t : %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n",
+          floor((rise+set)/2.0),
+          floor(fmod((rise+set)/2.0, 1.0) * 60));
+  switch( rs )
+  {
+    case 0:
+      printf( "\tSun rises \t\t : %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n",
+              floor(rise),
+              floor(fmod(rise, 1.0 ) * 60));
+	    printf( "\tSun sets \t\t : %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n",
+              floor(set),
+              floor(fmod(set, 1.0 ) * 60));
+      break;
+    case +1:
+      printf( "Sun above horizon\n" );
+      break;
+    case -1:
+      printf( "Sun below horizon\n" );
+      break;
+  }
+  switch( civ )
+  {
+    case 0:
+      printf( "\tCivil twilight \t\t : starts %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n"
+              "\t\t\t\t : ends   %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n", civ_start, civ_end );
+      break;
+    case +1:
+      printf( "Never darker than civil twilight\n" );
+      break;
+    case -1:
+      printf( "Never as bright as civil twilight\n" );
+      break;
+  }
+  switch( naut )
+  {
+    case 0:
+      printf( "\tNautical twilight \t : starts %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n"
+              "\t\t\t\t : ends   %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n", naut_start, naut_end );
+      break;
+    case +1:
+      printf( "Never darker than nautical twilight\n" );
+      break;
+    case -1:
+      printf( "Never as bright as nautical twilight\n" );
+    break;
+  }
+  switch( astr )
+  {
+    case 0:
+      printf( "\tAstronomical twilight \t : starts %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n"
+              "\t\t\t\t : ends   %2.0f:%02.0f UTC\n", astr_start, astr_end );
+      break;
+    case +1:
+      printf( "Never darker than astronomical twilight\n" );
+      break;
+    case -1:
+      printf( "Never as bright as astronomical twilight\n" );
+      break;
+  }
+  printf("\n");
+}
+/* The "workhorse" function for sun rise/set times */
+int __sunriset__( double jd, double lon, double lat,
+                  double altit, int upper_limb, double *trise, double *tset )
+// int __sunriset__( int year, int month, int day, double lon, double lat,
+//                   double altit, int upper_limb, double *trise, double *tset )
+/***************************************************************************/
+/* Note: year,month,date = calendar date, 1801-2099 only.                  */
+/*       Eastern longitude positive, Western longitude negative            */
+/*       Northern latitude positive, Southern latitude negative            */
+/*       The longitude value IS critical in this function!                 */
+/*       altit = the altitude which the Sun should cross                   */
+/*               Set to -35/60 degrees for rise/set, -6 degrees            */
+/*               for civil, -12 degrees for nautical and -18               */
+/*               degrees for astronomical twilight.                        */
+/*         upper_limb: non-zero -> upper limb, zero -> center              */
+/*               Set to non-zero (e.g. 1) when computing rise/set          */
+/*               times, and to zero when computing start/end of            */
+/*               twilight.                                                 */
+/*        *rise = where to store the rise time                             */
+/*        *set  = where to store the set  time                             */
+/*                Both times are relative to the specified altitude,       */
+/*                and thus this function can be used to comupte            */
+/*                various twilight times, as well as rise/set times        */
+/* Return value:  0 = sun rises/sets this day, times stored at             */
+/*                    *trise and *tset.                                    */
+/*               +1 = sun above the specified "horizon" 24 hours.          */
+/*                    *trise set to time when the sun is at south,         */
+/*                    minus 12 hours while *tset is set to the south       */
+/*                    time plus 12 hours. "Day" length = 24 hours          */
+/*               -1 = sun is below the specified "horizon" 24 hours        */
+/*                    "Day" length = 0 hours, *trise and *tset are         */
+/*                    both set to the time when the sun is at south.       */
+/*                                                                         */
+/***************************************************************************/
+{
+  double d,       /* Days since 2000 Jan 0.0 (negative before) */
+	       gmsad,   /* */
+         majd,	  /* */
+         sRA,     /* Sun's Right Ascension */
+         sdec,    /* Sun's declination */
+	       sr,      /* Solar distance, astronomical units */
+         sradius, /* Sun's apparent radius */
+         t,       /* Diurnal arc */
+         tsouth,  /* Time when Sun is at south */
+         sidtime; /* Local sidereal time */
+  int rc = 0;     /* Return cde from function - usually 0 */
+  /* Compute d of 12h local mean solar time */
+  d =  jd; // + 0.5 - lon / 360.0;
+  // printf( "mean solar transit JD %6.9f \n", d + 2451545.0 );
+  /* Compute local sideral time of this moment */
+  gmsad = GMST0(d);
+  // printf( "GMSAD %6.6fh \n", gmsad );
+  sidtime = revolution( gmsad + 180.0 + lon );
+  // printf( "LMSAD %6.6fh \n", sidtime );
+  // printf( "LMST %6.6fh \n", sidtime / 15.0 );
+  /* Compute Sun's RA + Decl at this moment */
+  sun_RA_dec( d, &sRA, &sdec, &sr );
+  /* Compute time when Sun is at south - in hours UT */
+  tsouth = 12.0 - rev180(sidtime - sRA) / 15.0;
+  /* Compute the Sun's apparent radius, degrees */
+  sradius = 0.2666 / sr;
+  /* Do correction to upper limb, if necessary */
+  if ( upper_limb )
+    altit -= sradius;
+    /* Compute the diurnal arc that the Sun traverses to reach */
+    /* the specified altitide altit: */
+  {
+    double cost;
+    cost = ( sind(altit) - sind(lat) * sind(sdec) ) /
+           ( cosd(lat) * cosd(sdec) );
+    if ( cost >= 1.0 )
+      rc = -1, t = 0.0;         /* Sun always below altit */
+    else if ( cost <= -1.0 )
+      rc = +1, t = 12.0;        /* Sun always above altit */
+    else
+      t = acosd(cost) / 15.0;   /* The diurnal arc, hours */
+  }
+  /* Store rise and set times - in hours UT */
+  *trise = tsouth - t;
+  *tset  = tsouth + t;
+  return rc;
+}  /* __sunriset__ */
+/* The "workhorse" function */
+// double __daylen__( int year, int month, int day, double lon, double lat,
+//                    double altit, int upper_limb )
+double __daylen__( double jd, double lon, double lat,
+                   double altit, int upper_limb )
+/**********************************************************************/
+/* Note: year,month,date = calendar date, 1801-2099 only.             */
+/*       Eastern longitude positive, Western longitude negative       */
+/*       Northern latitude positive, Southern latitude negative       */
+/*       The longitude value is not critical. Set it to the correct   */
+/*       longitude if you're picky, otherwise set to to, say, 0.0     */
+/*       The latitude however IS critical - be sure to get it correct */
+/*       altit = the altitude which the Sun should cross              */
+/*               Set to -35/60 degrees for rise/set, -6 degrees       */
+/*               for civil, -12 degrees for nautical and -18          */
+/*               degrees for astronomical twilight.                   */
+/*         upper_limb: non-zero -> upper limb, zero -> center         */
+/*               Set to non-zero (e.g. 1) when computing day length   */
+/*               and to zero when computing day+twilight length.      */
+/**********************************************************************/
+{
+  double  d,          /* Days since 2000 Jan 0.0 (negative before) */
+          obl_ecl,    /* Obliquity (inclination) of Earth's axis */
+          sr,         /* Solar distance, astronomical units */
+          slon,       /* True solar longitude */
+          sin_sdecl,  /* Sine of Sun's declination */
+          cos_sdecl,  /* Cosine of Sun's declination */
+          sradius,    /* Sun's apparent radius */
+          t;          /* Diurnal arc */
+  /* Compute d of 12h local mean solar time */
+  // d = days_since_2000_Jan_0(year,month,day) + 0.5 - lon/360.0;
+  /* Compute d of 12h local mean solar time */
+  d = jd; // + 0.5 - lon / 360.0;
+  /* Compute obliquity of ecliptic (inclination of Earth's axis) */
+  obl_ecl = 23.4393 - 3.563E-7 * d;
+  /* Compute Sun's position */
+  sunpos( d, &slon, &sr );
+  /* Compute sine and cosine of Sun's declination */
+  sin_sdecl = sind(obl_ecl) * sind(slon);
+  cos_sdecl = sqrt( 1.0 - sin_sdecl * sin_sdecl );
+  /* Compute the Sun's apparent radius, degrees */
+  sradius = 0.2666 / sr;
+  /* Do correction to upper limb, if necessary */
+  if ( upper_limb )
+    altit -= sradius;
+    /* Compute the diurnal arc that the Sun traverses to reach */
+    /* the specified altitide altit: */
+  {
+    double cost;
+    cost = ( sind(altit) - sind(lat) * sin_sdecl ) /
+           ( cosd(lat) * cos_sdecl );
+    if ( cost >= 1.0 )
+      t = 0.0;                      /* Sun always below altit */
+    else if ( cost <= -1.0 )
+      t = 24.0;                     /* Sun always above altit */
+    else
+      t = (2.0/15.0) * acosd(cost); /* The diurnal arc, hours */
+  }
+  return t;
+}  /* __daylen__ */
+/* This function computes the Sun's position at any instant */
+void sunpos( double d, double *lon, double *r )
+/******************************************************/
+/* Computes the Sun's ecliptic longitude and distance */
+/* at an instant given in d, number of days since     */
+/* 2000 Jan 0.0.  The Sun's ecliptic latitude is not  */
+/* computed, since it's always very near 0.           */
+/******************************************************/
+{
+  double M,         /* Mean anomaly of the Sun */
+         w,         /* Mean longitude of perihelion */
+                    /* Note: Sun's mean longitude = M + w */
+         e,         /* Eccentricity of Earth's orbit */
+         E,         /* Eccentric anomaly */
+         x, y,      /* x, y coordinates in orbit */
+         v;         /* True anomaly */
+  /* Compute mean elements */
+  // M = fmod( 356.0470 + 0.9856002585 * d, 360.0 );
+  M = fmod( 357.52911 + 0.985600281725 * d +
+	           -4.20718412047e-09 * d * d    +
+	            1.03430001369e-12 * d * d * d, 360.0 );
+  w = 282.9404 + 4.70935E-5 * d;
+  e = 0.016709 - 1.151E-9 * d;
+  /* Compute true longitude and radius vector */
+  E = M + e * RADEG * sind(M) * ( 1.0 + e * cosd(M) );
+  x = cosd(E) - e;
+  y = sqrt( 1.0 - e * e ) * sind(E);
+  *r = sqrt( x * x + y * y );            /* Solar distance */
+  v = atan2d( y, x );                    /* True anomaly */
+  *lon = fmod(v + w, 360.0);             /* True solar longitude */
+  // if ( *lon >= 360.0 )
+  //   *lon -= 360.0;                    /* Make it 0..360 degrees */
+}
+void sun_RA_dec( double d, double *RA, double *dec, double *r )
+{
+  double lon, obl_ecl, x, y, z;
+  /* Compute Sun's ecliptical coordinates */
+  sunpos( d, &lon, r );
+  /* Compute ecliptic rectangular coordinates (z=0) */
+  x = *r * cosd(lon);
+  y = *r * sind(lon);
+  /* Compute obliquity of ecliptic (inclination of Earth's axis) */
+  obl_ecl = 23.439291 - 3.563E-7 * d;
+  /* Convert to equatorial rectangular coordinates - x is uchanged */
+  z = y * sind(obl_ecl);
+  y = y * cosd(obl_ecl);
+  /* Convert to spherical coordinates */
+  *RA = atan2d( y, x );
+  *dec = atan2d( z, sqrt(x * x + y * y) );
+}  /* sun_RA_dec */
+/******************************************************************/
+/* This function reduces any angle to within the first revolution */
+/* by subtracting or adding even multiples of 360.0 until the     */
+/* result is >= 0.0 and < 360.0                                   */
+/******************************************************************/
+#define INV360    ( 1.0 / 360.0 )
+double revolution( double x )
+/*****************************************/
+/* Reduce angle to within 0..360 degrees */
+/*****************************************/
+{
+  return( x - 360.0 * floor( x * INV360 ) );
+}  /* revolution */
+double rev180( double x )
+/*********************************************/
+/* Reduce angle to within +180..+180 degrees */
+/*********************************************/
+{
+  return( x - 360.0 * floor( x * INV360 + 0.5 ) );
+}  /* revolution */
+/*********************************************************************/
+/* This function computes GMST0, the Greenwhich Mean Sidereal Time   */
+/* at 0h UT (i.e. the sidereal time at the Greenwhich meridian at    */
+/* 0h UT).  GMST is then the sidereal time at Greenwich at any       */
+/* time of the day.  I've generelized GMST0 as well, and define it   */
+/* as:  GMST0 = GMST - UT  --  this allows GMST0 to be computed at   */
+/* other times than 0h UT as well.  While this sounds somewhat       */
+/* contradictory, it is very practical:  instead of computing        */
+/* GMST like:                                                        */
+/*                                                                   */
+/*  GMST = (GMST0) + UT * (366.2422/365.2422)                        */
+/*                                                                   */
+/* where (GMST0) is the GMST last time UT was 0 hours, one simply    */
+/* computes:                                                         */
+/*                                                                   */
+/*  GMST = GMST0 + UT                                                */
+/*                                                                   */
+/* where GMST0 is not the GMST "at 0h UT" but at the current moment! */
+/* Defined in this way, GMST0 will increase with about 4 min a       */
+/* day.  It also happens that GMST0 (in degrees, 1 hr = 15 degr)     */
+/* is equal to the Sun's mean longitude plus/minus 180 degrees!      */
+/* (if we neglect aberration, which amounts to 20 seconds of arc     */
+/* or 1.33 seconds of time)                                          */
+/*                                                                   */
+/*********************************************************************/
+double GMST0( double d )
+{
+  double sidtim0;
+  /* Sidtime at 0h UT = L (Sun's mean longitude) + 180.0 degr  */
+  /* L = M + w, as defined in sunpos().  Since I'm too lazy to */
+  /* add these numbers, I'll let the C compiler do it for me.  */
+  /* Any decent C compiler will add the constants at compile   */
+  /* time, imposing no runtime or code overhead.               */
+  sidtim0 = revolution( ( 180.0 + 356.0470 +  282.9404) +
+                        ( 0.9856002585 + 4.70935E-5 ) * d );
+  sidtim0 = fmod( ( 180.0 + 356.0470 +  282.9404) +
+                  ( 0.9856002585 + 4.70935E-5 ) * d, 360.0 );
+  sidtim0 = fmod( ( 180 + 357.52911 + 282.9404 ) +
+			( 0.985600281725 + 4.70935E-5 ) * d, 360.0);
+  // sidtim0 = fmod( 280.4664567                +
+  //                 d * ( 0.9856473601         +
+  //                 d * ( 8.30124024641e-09    +
+  //                 d * ( -5.48326848477e-11   +
+  //                 d * ( -1.78956192374e-10   +
+  //                 d * ( -11.37718852471e-12 ) ) ) ) ), 360.0 );
+  return sidtim0;
+}  /* GMST0 */