cairo 1.14.0-x64-mingw32

data/ext/cairo/rb_cairo_surface.c

@@ -0,0 +1,2284 @@
+/* -*- c-file-style: "gnu"; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*- */
+/*
+ * Ruby Cairo Binding
+ *
+ * Copyright 2005-2014 Kouhei Sutou <kou@cozmixng.org>
+ * Copyright 2014 Patrick Hanevold <patrick.hanevold@gmail.com>
+ * Copyright 2005 Øyvind Kolås <pippin@freedesktop.org>
+ * Copyright 2004-2005 MenTaLguY <mental@rydia.com>
+ *
+ * This file is made available under the same terms as Ruby
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "rb_cairo.h"
+#include "rb_cairo_private.h"
+#include "rb_cairo_io.h"
+
+#ifdef HAVE_RUBY_ST_H
+#  include <ruby/st.h>
+#else
+#  include <st.h>
+#endif
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 5, 2)
+#  define RB_CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_PRINTING_SURFACE_TYPE
+#endif
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 5, 12)
+#  define RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_IMAGE_SURFACE_TYPE
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_SURFACE
+#  define OpenFile OpenFile_win32
+#  include <cairo-win32.h>
+#  undef OpenFile
+#  ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_PRINTING_SURFACE_TYPE
+#    define RB_CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_PRINTING_SURFACE
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_RUBY_IO_H
+#  include <ruby/io.h>
+#else
+#  include <rubyio.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_SURFACE
+#  ifndef HAVE_TYPE_ENUM_RUBY_VALUE_TYPE
+enum ruby_value_type {
+  RUBY_T_DATA = T_DATA
+};
+#  endif
+#  undef T_DATA
+#  include <cairo-quartz.h>
+#  define T_DATA RUBY_T_DATA
+#  define RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_SURFACE
+#  ifdef CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_IMAGE_SURFACE
+#    include <cairo-quartz-image.h>
+#    define RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_IMAGE_SURFACE
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_XML_SURFACE
+#  include <cairo-xml.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_TEE_SURFACE
+#  include <cairo-tee.h>
+#endif
+
+#if defined(CAIRO_HAS_GL_SURFACE) || defined(CAIRO_HAS_GLESV2_SURFACE)
+#  define RB_CAIRO_HAS_GL_SURFACE
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_GL_SURFACE
+#  include <cairo-gl.h>
+#endif
+
+VALUE rb_cCairo_Surface;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_ImageSurface;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_PDFSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_PSSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_XLibSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_XCBSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_SVGSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_Win32Surface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_Win32PrintingSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_QuartzSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_QuartzImageSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_ScriptSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_QtSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_RecordingSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_VGSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_GLSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_GLTextureSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_DRMSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_TeeSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_XMLSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_SkiaSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_SubSurface = Qnil;
+VALUE rb_cCairo_CoglSurface = Qnil;
+
+static ID cr_id_parse;
+static ID cr_id_size;
+static ID cr_id_set_unit;
+static ID cr_id_x;
+static ID cr_id_y;
+static ID cr_id_width;
+static ID cr_id_height;
+static cairo_user_data_key_t cr_closure_key;
+static cairo_user_data_key_t cr_object_holder_key;
+static cairo_user_data_key_t cr_finished_key;
+
+#define _SELF  (RVAL2CRSURFACE(self))
+
+static VALUE
+cr_paper_parse (VALUE paper_description)
+{
+  return rb_funcall (rb_cCairo_Paper, cr_id_parse, 2, paper_description, Qtrue);
+}
+
+static void
+cr_paper_to_size_in_points (VALUE paper_description, VALUE *width, VALUE *height)
+{
+  VALUE paper, size;
+
+  paper = cr_paper_parse (paper_description);
+  size = rb_funcall (paper, cr_id_size, 1, rb_str_new2 ("pt"));
+  *width = RARRAY_PTR (size)[0];
+  *height = RARRAY_PTR (size)[1];
+}
+
+static inline void
+cr_surface_check_status (cairo_surface_t *surface)
+{
+  rb_cairo_check_status (cairo_surface_status (surface));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_get_klass (cairo_surface_t *surface)
+{
+  VALUE klass;
+  cairo_surface_type_t type;
+
+  type = cairo_surface_get_type (surface);
+  switch (type)
+    {
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_IMAGE:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_ImageSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_PDF:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_PDFSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_PS:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_PSSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_XLIB:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_XLibSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_XCB:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_XCBSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_QUARTZ:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_QuartzSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_WIN32:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_Win32Surface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_SVG:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_SVGSurface;
+      break;
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_PRINTING_SURFACE_TYPE
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_WIN32_PRINTING:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_Win32PrintingSurface;
+      break;
+#endif
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_IMAGE_SURFACE_TYPE
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_QUARTZ_IMAGE:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_QuartzImageSurface;
+      break;
+#endif
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 10, 0)
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_SCRIPT:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_ScriptSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_QT:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_QtSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_RECORDING:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_RecordingSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_VG:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_VGSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_GL:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_GLSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_DRM:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_DRMSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_TEE:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_TeeSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_XML:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_XMLSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_SKIA:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_SkiaSurface;
+      break;
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_SUBSURFACE:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_SubSurface;
+      break;
+#endif
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 11, 4)
+    case CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_COGL:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_CoglSurface;
+      break;
+#endif
+    default:
+      klass = rb_cCairo_Surface;
+      break;
+    }
+
+  if (NIL_P (klass))
+    rb_raise (rb_eArgError, "unknown source type: %d", type);
+
+  return klass;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_image_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+  return Qtrue;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_pdf_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PDF_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_ps_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PS_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_quartz_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_win32_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_svg_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_SVG_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_win32_printing_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_PRINTING_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_quartz_image_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_IMAGE_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_script_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_SCRIPT_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_recording_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_RECORDING_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_gl_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_GL_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_gl_texture_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+  return cr_surface_gl_supported_p(klass);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_tee_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_TEE_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_xml_supported_p (VALUE klass)
+{
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_XML_SURFACE
+  return Qtrue;
+#else
+  return Qfalse;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* constructor/de-constructor */
+cairo_surface_t *
+rb_cairo_surface_from_ruby_object (VALUE obj)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  if (!rb_cairo__is_kind_of (obj, rb_cCairo_Surface))
+    {
+      rb_raise (rb_eTypeError, "not a cairo surface");
+    }
+  Data_Get_Struct (obj, cairo_surface_t, surface);
+  if (!surface)
+    rb_cairo_check_status (CAIRO_STATUS_NULL_POINTER);
+  return surface;
+}
+
+static rb_cairo__object_holder_t *
+cr_object_holder_new (VALUE object)
+{
+  return rb_cairo__object_holder_new (rb_cCairo_Surface, object);
+}
+
+static void
+cr_object_holder_free (void *ptr)
+{
+  rb_cairo__object_holder_free (rb_cCairo_Surface, ptr);
+}
+
+static void
+cr_surface_free (void *ptr)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = ptr;
+
+  if (surface)
+    cairo_surface_destroy (surface);
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_cairo_surface_to_ruby_object (cairo_surface_t *surface)
+{
+  if (surface)
+    {
+      VALUE klass;
+      klass = cr_surface_get_klass (surface);
+      cairo_surface_reference (surface);
+      return Data_Wrap_Struct (klass, NULL, cr_surface_free, surface);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      return Qnil;
+    }
+}
+
+VALUE
+rb_cairo_surface_to_ruby_object_with_destroy (cairo_surface_t *surface)
+{
+  VALUE rb_surface;
+
+  rb_surface = rb_cairo_surface_to_ruby_object (surface);
+  if (surface)
+    cairo_surface_destroy (surface);
+
+  return rb_surface;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_allocate (VALUE klass)
+{
+  return Data_Wrap_Struct (klass, NULL, cr_surface_free, NULL);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  rb_raise(rb_eNotImpError,
+           "%s class creation isn't supported on this cairo installation",
+           rb_obj_classname(self));
+
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+/* Surface manipulation */
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_destroy (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  cairo_surface_destroy (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = NULL;
+
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_finish (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  rb_cairo__io_callback_closure_t *closure;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  closure = cairo_surface_get_user_data (surface, &cr_closure_key);
+
+  cairo_surface_finish (surface);
+  cairo_surface_set_user_data (surface, &cr_finished_key, (void *)CR_TRUE, NULL);
+  cairo_surface_set_user_data (surface, &cr_object_holder_key, NULL, NULL);
+
+  if (closure && !NIL_P (closure->error))
+    rb_exc_raise (closure->error);
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+
+  return self;
+}
+
+static void
+yield_and_finish (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  rb_yield (self);
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  if (cairo_surface_status (surface) != CAIRO_STATUS_SUCCESS)
+    return;
+  if (cairo_surface_get_user_data (surface, &cr_finished_key))
+    return;
+
+  cr_surface_finish (self);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_create_similar (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface, *similar_surface;
+  cairo_content_t content;
+  int width, height;
+  VALUE arg1, arg2, arg3;
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "21", &arg1, &arg2, &arg3);
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  if (argc == 2)
+    {
+      content = cairo_surface_get_content (surface);
+      width = NUM2INT (arg1);
+      height = NUM2INT (arg2);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      content = RVAL2CRCONTENT (arg1);
+      width = NUM2INT (arg2);
+      height = NUM2INT (arg3);
+    }
+
+  similar_surface = cairo_surface_create_similar (surface, content,
+                                                  width, height);
+  cr_surface_check_status (similar_surface);
+  return CRSURFACE2RVAL_WITH_DESTROY (similar_surface);
+}
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 11, 4)
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_create_similar_image (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface, *similar_image;
+  cairo_format_t format;
+  int width, height;
+  VALUE arg1, arg2, arg3;
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "21", &arg1, &arg2, &arg3);
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  if (argc == 2)
+    {
+      if (cairo_surface_get_type (surface) == CAIRO_SURFACE_TYPE_IMAGE)
+        {
+          format = cairo_image_surface_get_format (surface);
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          format = CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32;
+        }
+      width = NUM2INT (arg1);
+      height = NUM2INT (arg2);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      format = RVAL2CRFORMAT (arg1);
+      width = NUM2INT (arg2);
+      height = NUM2INT (arg3);
+    }
+
+  similar_image = cairo_surface_create_similar_image (surface, format,
+                                                      width, height);
+  cr_surface_check_status (similar_image);
+  return CRSURFACE2RVAL_WITH_DESTROY (similar_image);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_map_to_image (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface, *mapped_image;
+  cairo_rectangle_int_t extents_value;
+  cairo_rectangle_int_t *extents = NULL;
+  VALUE rb_extents;
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "01", &rb_extents);
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  if (!NIL_P (rb_extents))
+    {
+      extents = &extents_value;
+      if (rb_cairo__is_kind_of (rb_extents, rb_cCairo_Rectangle))
+        {
+          extents->x = NUM2INT (rb_funcall (rb_extents, cr_id_x, 0));
+          extents->y = NUM2INT (rb_funcall (rb_extents, cr_id_y, 0));
+          extents->width = NUM2INT (rb_funcall (rb_extents, cr_id_width, 0));
+          extents->height = NUM2INT (rb_funcall (rb_extents, cr_id_height, 0));
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          VALUE *values;
+          rb_extents = rb_convert_type (rb_extents, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
+          values = RARRAY_PTR (rb_extents);
+          extents->x = NUM2INT (values[0]);
+          extents->y = NUM2INT (values[1]);
+          extents->height = NUM2INT (values[2]);
+          extents->width = NUM2INT (values[3]);
+        }
+    }
+
+  mapped_image = cairo_surface_map_to_image (surface, extents);
+  cr_surface_check_status (mapped_image);
+  return CRSURFACE2RVAL_WITH_DESTROY (mapped_image);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_unmap_image (VALUE self, VALUE rb_mapped_image)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface, *mapped_image;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  mapped_image = RVAL2CRSURFACE (rb_mapped_image);
+  cairo_surface_unmap_image (surface, mapped_image);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 10, 0)
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_destroy_with_destroy_check (VALUE self)
+{
+  if (DATA_PTR (self))
+    cr_surface_destroy (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_create_sub_rectangle_surface (VALUE self, VALUE x, VALUE y,
+                                         VALUE width, VALUE height)
+{
+  VALUE rb_surface;
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  surface = cairo_surface_create_for_rectangle (RVAL2CRSURFACE (self),
+                                                NUM2DBL (x),
+                                                NUM2DBL (y),
+                                                NUM2DBL (width),
+                                                NUM2INT (height));
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  rb_surface = CRSURFACE2RVAL_WITH_DESTROY (surface);
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    return rb_ensure (rb_yield, rb_surface,
+                      cr_surface_destroy_with_destroy_check, rb_surface);
+  else
+    return rb_surface;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_get_device (VALUE self)
+{
+  return CRDEVICE2RVAL (cairo_surface_get_device (_SELF));
+}
+#endif
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_get_content (VALUE self)
+{
+  return INT2NUM (cairo_surface_get_content (_SELF));
+}
+
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PNG_FUNCTIONS
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_write_to_png_stream (VALUE self, VALUE target)
+{
+  cairo_status_t status;
+  rb_cairo__io_callback_closure_t closure;
+
+  closure.target = target;
+  closure.error = Qnil;
+
+  status = cairo_surface_write_to_png_stream (_SELF,
+                                              rb_cairo__io_write_func,
+                                              (void *)&closure);
+  if (!NIL_P (closure.error))
+    rb_exc_raise (closure.error);
+
+  rb_cairo_check_status (status);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_write_to_png (VALUE self, VALUE filename)
+{
+  cairo_status_t status;
+  status = cairo_surface_write_to_png (_SELF, StringValueCStr (filename));
+  rb_cairo_check_status (status);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_write_to_png_generic (VALUE self, VALUE target)
+{
+  if (rb_respond_to (target, rb_cairo__io_id_write))
+    return cr_surface_write_to_png_stream (self, target);
+  else
+    return cr_surface_write_to_png (self, target);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 10, 0)
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_get_mime_data (VALUE self, VALUE mime_type)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  const unsigned char *data;
+  unsigned long length;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  cairo_surface_get_mime_data (surface, StringValueCStr (mime_type),
+                               &data, &length);
+  if (data)
+    return rb_str_new ((const char *)data, length);
+  else
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_set_mime_data (VALUE self, VALUE rb_mime_type, VALUE rb_data)
+{
+  cairo_status_t status;
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  const char *mime_type;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  mime_type = StringValueCStr (rb_mime_type);
+  if (NIL_P (rb_data))
+    {
+      status = cairo_surface_set_mime_data (surface, mime_type,
+                                            NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      const char *raw_data;
+      unsigned char *data;
+      unsigned long length;
+
+      raw_data = StringValuePtr (rb_data);
+      length = RSTRING_LEN (rb_data);
+      data = xmalloc (length);
+      memcpy (data, raw_data, length);
+      status = cairo_surface_set_mime_data (surface, mime_type,
+                                            data, length,
+                                            xfree, data);
+    }
+  rb_cairo_check_status (status);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 11, 4)
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_supported_mime_type_p (VALUE self, VALUE rb_mime_type)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  const char *mime_type;
+  cairo_bool_t supported_p;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  mime_type = StringValueCStr (rb_mime_type);
+  supported_p = cairo_surface_supports_mime_type (surface, mime_type);
+  return CBOOL2RVAL (supported_p);
+}
+#endif
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_get_font_options (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_font_options_t *options = cairo_font_options_create();
+  cairo_surface_get_font_options (_SELF, options);
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  rb_cairo_check_status (cairo_font_options_status (options));
+  return CRFONTOPTIONS2RVAL (options);
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_flush (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_flush (_SELF);
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_mark_dirty (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  VALUE x, y, width, height;
+  int n;
+
+  n = rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "04", &x, &y, &width, &height);
+
+  if (n == 0)
+    {
+      cairo_surface_mark_dirty (_SELF);
+    }
+  else if (n == 4)
+    {
+      cairo_surface_mark_dirty_rectangle (_SELF,
+                                          NUM2INT (x), NUM2INT (y),
+                                          NUM2INT (width), NUM2INT (height));
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      int i;
+      VALUE args;
+
+      args = rb_ary_new2 (n);
+      for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+        {
+          rb_ary_push (args, argv[i]);
+        }
+
+      rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                "invalid argument (expect () or (x, y, width, height)): %s",
+                rb_cairo__inspect (args));
+    }
+
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_set_device_offset (VALUE self, VALUE x_offset, VALUE y_offset)
+{
+  cairo_surface_set_device_offset (_SELF,
+                                   NUM2DBL (x_offset),
+                                   NUM2DBL (y_offset));
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_get_device_offset (VALUE self)
+{
+  double x_offset, y_offset;
+
+  cairo_surface_get_device_offset (_SELF, &x_offset, &y_offset);
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return rb_ary_new3 (2, rb_float_new (x_offset), rb_float_new (y_offset));
+}
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 14, 0)
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_set_device_scale (VALUE self, VALUE x_scale, VALUE y_scale)
+{
+  cairo_surface_set_device_scale (_SELF,
+                                  NUM2DBL (x_scale),
+                                  NUM2DBL (y_scale));
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_get_device_scale (VALUE self)
+{
+  double x_scale, y_scale;
+
+  cairo_surface_get_device_scale (_SELF, &x_scale, &y_scale);
+  return rb_ary_new3 (2, rb_float_new (x_scale), rb_float_new (y_scale));
+}
+#endif
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_set_fallback_resolution (VALUE self,
+                                    VALUE x_pixels_per_inch,
+                                    VALUE y_pixels_per_inch)
+{
+  cairo_surface_set_fallback_resolution (_SELF,
+                                         NUM2DBL (x_pixels_per_inch),
+                                         NUM2DBL (y_pixels_per_inch));
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return self;
+}
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 7, 2)
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_get_fallback_resolution (VALUE self)
+{
+  double x_pixels_per_inch, y_pixels_per_inch;
+
+  cairo_surface_get_fallback_resolution (_SELF,
+                                         &x_pixels_per_inch,
+                                         &y_pixels_per_inch);
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return rb_ary_new3 (2,
+                      rb_float_new (x_pixels_per_inch),
+                      rb_float_new (y_pixels_per_inch));
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 5, 2)
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_copy_page (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_copy_page (_SELF);
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_surface_show_page (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_show_page (_SELF);
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return self;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* image surface functions */
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PNG_FUNCTIONS
+static cairo_surface_t *
+cr_image_surface_create_from_png_stream (VALUE target)
+{
+  rb_cairo__io_callback_closure_t closure;
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  closure.target = target;
+  closure.error = Qnil;
+
+  surface = cairo_image_surface_create_from_png_stream (rb_cairo__io_read_func,
+                                                        (void *)&closure);
+  if (!NIL_P (closure.error))
+    rb_exc_raise (closure.error);
+
+  return surface;
+}
+
+static cairo_surface_t *
+cr_image_surface_create_from_png (VALUE filename)
+{
+  return cairo_image_surface_create_from_png (StringValueCStr (filename));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_image_surface_create_from_png_generic (VALUE klass, VALUE target)
+{
+  VALUE rb_surface;
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  if (rb_respond_to (target, rb_cairo__io_id_read))
+    surface = cr_image_surface_create_from_png_stream (target);
+  else
+    surface = cr_image_surface_create_from_png (target);
+
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  rb_surface = cr_surface_allocate (klass);
+  DATA_PTR (rb_surface) = surface;
+  return rb_surface;
+}
+#endif
+
+static cairo_surface_t *
+cr_image_surface_create (VALUE self, VALUE format, VALUE width, VALUE height)
+{
+  cairo_format_t cr_format;
+  cr_format = NIL_P (format) ? CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32 : RVAL2CRFORMAT (format);
+  return cairo_image_surface_create (cr_format,
+                                     NUM2INT (width),
+                                     NUM2INT (height));
+}
+
+static cairo_surface_t *
+cr_image_surface_create_for_data (VALUE self, VALUE rb_data, VALUE format,
+                                  VALUE width, VALUE height, VALUE stride)
+{
+  unsigned char *data;
+
+  rb_data = StringValue (rb_data);
+  rb_str_modify (rb_data);
+  data = (unsigned char *)StringValuePtr (rb_data);
+
+  return cairo_image_surface_create_for_data (data,
+                                              RVAL2CRFORMAT (format),
+                                              NUM2INT (width),
+                                              NUM2INT (height),
+                                              NUM2INT (stride));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_image_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  VALUE arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5;
+  int n;
+
+  n = rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "23", &arg1, &arg2, &arg3, &arg4, &arg5);
+
+  if (n == 2)
+    surface = cr_image_surface_create (self, Qnil, arg1, arg2);
+  else if (n == 3)
+    surface = cr_image_surface_create (self, arg1, arg2, arg3);
+  else if (n == 5)
+    surface =
+      cr_image_surface_create_for_data (self, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5);
+  else
+    rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+              "invalid argument (expect "
+              "(width, height) or "
+              "(format, width, height) or "
+              "(data, format, width, height, stride)): %s",
+              rb_cairo__inspect (rb_ary_new3 (4, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4)));
+
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_image_surface_get_data (VALUE self)
+{
+  unsigned char *data;
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  data = cairo_image_surface_get_data (surface);
+
+  if (data)
+    return rb_str_new ((const char *)data,
+                       cairo_image_surface_get_stride (surface) *
+                       cairo_image_surface_get_height (surface));
+  else
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_image_surface_get_format (VALUE self)
+{
+  return INT2NUM (cairo_image_surface_get_format (_SELF));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_image_surface_get_width (VALUE self)
+{
+  return INT2NUM (cairo_image_surface_get_width (_SELF));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_image_surface_get_height (VALUE self)
+{
+  return INT2NUM (cairo_image_surface_get_height (_SELF));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_image_surface_get_stride (VALUE self)
+{
+  return INT2NUM (cairo_image_surface_get_stride (_SELF));
+}
+
+/* printing surfaces */
+#define DEFINE_SURFACE(type)                                            \
+static VALUE                                                            \
+cr_ ## type ## _surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)  \
+{                                                                       \
+  VALUE target, rb_width_in_points, rb_height_in_points;                \
+  VALUE arg2, arg3;                                                     \
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;                                             \
+  double width_in_points, height_in_points;                             \
+                                                                        \
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "21", &target, &arg2, &arg3);               \
+  if (argc == 2)                                                        \
+    {                                                                   \
+      VALUE paper;                                                      \
+                                                                        \
+      paper = arg2;                                                     \
+      cr_paper_to_size_in_points (paper,                                \
+                                  &rb_width_in_points,                  \
+                                  &rb_height_in_points);                \
+    }                                                                   \
+  else                                                                  \
+    {                                                                   \
+      rb_width_in_points = arg2;                                        \
+      rb_height_in_points = arg3;                                       \
+    }                                                                   \
+                                                                        \
+  width_in_points = NUM2DBL (rb_width_in_points);                       \
+  height_in_points = NUM2DBL (rb_height_in_points);                     \
+                                                                        \
+  if (rb_respond_to (target, rb_cairo__io_id_write))                    \
+    {                                                                   \
+      rb_cairo__io_callback_closure_t *closure;                         \
+                                                                        \
+      closure = rb_cairo__io_closure_new (target);                      \
+      surface =                                                         \
+        cairo_ ## type ## _surface_create_for_stream (                  \
+          rb_cairo__io_write_func,                                      \
+          (void *) closure,                                             \
+          width_in_points,                                              \
+          height_in_points);                                            \
+                                                                        \
+      if (cairo_surface_status (surface))                               \
+        {                                                               \
+          rb_cairo__io_closure_destroy (closure);                       \
+        }                                                               \
+      else                                                              \
+        {                                                               \
+          rb_ivar_set (self, rb_cairo__io_id_output, target);           \
+          cairo_surface_set_user_data (surface, &cr_closure_key,        \
+                                       closure,                         \
+                                       rb_cairo__io_closure_free);      \
+          cairo_surface_set_user_data (surface, &cr_object_holder_key,  \
+                                       cr_object_holder_new (self),     \
+                                       cr_object_holder_free);          \
+        }                                                               \
+    }                                                                   \
+  else                                                                  \
+    {                                                                   \
+      surface =                                                         \
+        cairo_ ## type ## _surface_create (StringValueCStr (target),    \
+                                           width_in_points,             \
+                                           height_in_points);           \
+    }                                                                   \
+                                                                        \
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);                                    \
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;                                            \
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())                                              \
+    yield_and_finish (self);                                            \
+  return Qnil;                                                          \
+}
+
+#define DEFINE_SURFACE_SET_SIZE(type)                                   \
+static VALUE                                                            \
+cr_ ## type ## _surface_set_size (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)    \
+{                                                                       \
+  VALUE arg1, arg2;                                                     \
+  VALUE width_in_points, height_in_points;                              \
+                                                                        \
+  rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &arg1, &arg2);                         \
+  if (argc == 1)                                                        \
+    {                                                                   \
+      VALUE paper;                                                      \
+                                                                        \
+      paper = arg1;                                                     \
+      cr_paper_to_size_in_points (paper,                                \
+                                  &width_in_points,                     \
+                                  &height_in_points);                   \
+    }                                                                   \
+  else                                                                  \
+    {                                                                   \
+      width_in_points = arg1;                                           \
+      height_in_points = arg2;                                          \
+    }                                                                   \
+                                                                        \
+  cairo_ ## type ## _surface_set_size (_SELF,                           \
+                                       NUM2DBL (width_in_points),       \
+                                       NUM2DBL (height_in_points));     \
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);                                      \
+  return Qnil;                                                          \
+}
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PDF_SURFACE
+/* PDF-surface functions */
+DEFINE_SURFACE(pdf)
+DEFINE_SURFACE_SET_SIZE(pdf)
+
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 10, 0)
+static VALUE
+cr_pdf_surface_restrict_to_version (VALUE self, VALUE version)
+{
+  cairo_pdf_surface_restrict_to_version (_SELF, RVAL2CRPDFVERSION (version));
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PS_SURFACE
+/* PS-surface functions */
+DEFINE_SURFACE(ps)
+DEFINE_SURFACE_SET_SIZE(ps)
+
+static VALUE
+cr_ps_surface_dsc_comment (VALUE self, VALUE comment)
+{
+  cairo_ps_surface_dsc_comment (_SELF, StringValueCStr (comment));
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_ps_surface_dsc_begin_setup (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_ps_surface_dsc_begin_setup (_SELF);
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    return rb_yield (self);
+  else
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_ps_surface_dsc_begin_page_setup (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_ps_surface_dsc_begin_page_setup (_SELF);
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    return rb_yield (self);
+  else
+    return Qnil;
+}
+
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 5, 2)
+static VALUE
+cr_ps_surface_restrict_to_level (VALUE self, VALUE level)
+{
+  cairo_ps_surface_restrict_to_level (_SELF, RVAL2CRPSLEVEL (level));
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_ps_surface_get_eps (VALUE self)
+{
+  return cairo_ps_surface_get_eps (_SELF) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_ps_surface_set_eps (VALUE self, VALUE eps)
+{
+  cairo_ps_surface_set_eps (_SELF, RTEST (eps));
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_SURFACE
+/* Quartz-surface functions */
+#include <objc/objc-runtime.h>
+
+#  ifdef HAVE_RUBY_COCOA
+BOOL rbobj_to_nsobj (VALUE obj, id* nsobj);
+VALUE ocid_to_rbobj (VALUE context_obj, id ocid);
+#  endif
+
+static VALUE
+cr_quartz_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  id objc_object = nil;
+  CGContextRef context;
+  unsigned int width, height;
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL;
+  cairo_format_t format = CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32;
+  VALUE arg1, arg2, arg3, rb_width, rb_height;
+#  ifdef HAVE_RUBY_COCOA
+  static VALUE rb_cOSXCGContextRef = Qnil;
+#  endif
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "21", &arg1, &arg2, &arg3);
+
+  if (argc == 2)
+    {
+      rb_width = arg1;
+      rb_height = arg2;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      switch (TYPE (arg1))
+        {
+        case T_NIL:
+          break;
+        case T_STRING:
+        case T_SYMBOL:
+        case T_FIXNUM:
+          format = RVAL2CRFORMAT (arg1);
+          break;
+        default:
+#  ifdef HAVE_RUBY_COCOA
+          if (NIL_P (rb_cOSXCGContextRef))
+            rb_cOSXCGContextRef =
+              rb_const_get (rb_const_get (rb_cObject, rb_intern ("OSX")),
+                            rb_intern ("CGContextRef"));
+#  endif
+
+#  ifdef HAVE_RUBY_COCOA
+          if (RTEST (rb_obj_is_kind_of (arg1, rb_cOSXCGContextRef)))
+            {
+              rbobj_to_nsobj (arg1, &objc_object);
+            }
+          else
+#  endif
+            {
+              if (!NIL_P (rb_cairo__cFFIPointer) &&
+                  RTEST (rb_obj_is_kind_of (arg1, rb_cairo__cFFIPointer)))
+                {
+                  VALUE rb_objc_pointer;
+                  rb_objc_pointer = rb_funcall (arg1,
+                                                rb_intern ("address"),
+                                                0);
+                  objc_object = NUM2ULONG (rb_objc_pointer);
+                }
+              else
+                {
+                  rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                            "invalid argument (expect "
+                            "(width, height), "
+                            "(format, width, height), "
+                            "(cg_context, width, height) or "
+                            "(ffi_pointer, width, height)): %s",
+                            rb_cairo__inspect (rb_ary_new3 (3, arg1, arg2, arg3)));
+                }
+            }
+          break;
+        }
+
+      rb_width = arg2;
+      rb_height = arg3;
+    }
+
+  width = NUM2UINT (rb_width);
+  height = NUM2UINT (rb_height);
+
+  if (objc_object == nil)
+    {
+      surface = cairo_quartz_surface_create (format, width, height);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      context = (CGContextRef)objc_object;
+      surface =
+        cairo_quartz_surface_create_for_cg_context (context, width, height);
+    }
+
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_quartz_surface_get_cg_context (VALUE self)
+{
+#  ifdef HAVE_RUBY_COCOA
+  CGContextRef context;
+  id objc_object;
+
+  context = cairo_quartz_surface_get_cg_context (_SELF);
+  objc_object = (id)context;
+  return ocid_to_rbobj (Qnil, objc_object);
+#  else
+  rb_raise (rb_eNotImpError,
+            "%s#cg_context requires RubyCocoa",
+            rb_obj_classname(self));
+  return Qnil;
+#  endif
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_SURFACE
+/* Win32 surface functions */
+
+static VALUE
+cr_win32_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL;
+  VALUE arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4;
+  VALUE hdc, format, width, height;
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "13", &arg1, &arg2, &arg3, &arg4);
+
+  switch (argc)
+    {
+    case 1:
+      hdc = arg1;
+      surface = cairo_win32_surface_create (NUM2PTR (hdc));
+      break;
+    case 2:
+      width = arg1;
+      height = arg2;
+      surface = cairo_win32_surface_create_with_dib (CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32,
+                                                     NUM2INT (width),
+                                                     NUM2INT (height));
+      break;
+    case 3:
+      if (NIL_P (arg1) ||
+          (rb_cairo__is_kind_of (arg1, rb_cNumeric) &&
+           NUM2INT (arg1) != CAIRO_FORMAT_RGB24))
+        {
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 4, 0)
+          HDC win32_hdc;
+          hdc = arg1;
+          width = arg2;
+          height = arg3;
+          win32_hdc = NIL_P (hdc) ? NULL : NUM2PTR (hdc);
+          surface = cairo_win32_surface_create_with_ddb (win32_hdc,
+                                                         CAIRO_FORMAT_RGB24,
+                                                         NUM2INT (width),
+                                                         NUM2INT (height));
+#  else
+          rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                    "Cairo::Win32Surface.new(hdc, width, height) "
+                    "is available since cairo >= 1.4.0");
+#  endif
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          format = arg1;
+          width = arg2;
+          height = arg3;
+          surface = cairo_win32_surface_create_with_dib (RVAL2CRFORMAT (format),
+                                                         NUM2INT (width),
+                                                         NUM2INT (height));
+        }
+      break;
+    case 4:
+      {
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 4, 0)
+        HDC win32_hdc;
+        hdc = arg1;
+        format = arg2;
+        width = arg3;
+        height = arg4;
+        win32_hdc = NIL_P (hdc) ? NULL : (HDC) NUM2UINT (hdc);
+        surface = cairo_win32_surface_create_with_ddb (win32_hdc,
+                                                       RVAL2CRFORMAT (format),
+                                                       NUM2INT (width),
+                                                       NUM2INT (height));
+#  else
+        rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                  "Cairo::Win32Surface.new(hdc, format, width, height) "
+                  "is available since cairo >= 1.4.0");
+#  endif
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+
+  if (!surface)
+    rb_cairo_check_status (CAIRO_STATUS_INVALID_FORMAT);
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_win32_surface_get_hdc (VALUE self)
+{
+  HDC hdc;
+
+  hdc = cairo_win32_surface_get_dc (_SELF);
+  if (!hdc)
+    return Qnil;
+  else
+    return PTR2NUM (hdc);
+}
+
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 4, 0)
+static VALUE
+cr_win32_surface_get_image (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  surface = cairo_win32_surface_get_image (_SELF);
+  if (!surface)
+    return Qnil;
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  return CRSURFACE2RVAL (surface);
+}
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_SVG_SURFACE
+/* SVG-surface functions */
+DEFINE_SURFACE(svg)
+
+static VALUE
+cr_svg_surface_restrict_to_version (VALUE self, VALUE version)
+{
+  cairo_svg_surface_restrict_to_version (_SELF, RVAL2CRSVGVERSION (version));
+  cr_surface_check_status (_SELF);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_PRINTING_SURFACE
+/* Win32 printing surface functions */
+static VALUE
+cr_win32_printing_surface_initialize (VALUE self, VALUE hdc)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL;
+
+  surface = cairo_win32_printing_surface_create (NUM2PTR (hdc));
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_IMAGE_SURFACE
+
+/* Quartz image surface functions */
+static VALUE
+cr_quartz_image_surface_initialize (VALUE self, VALUE image_surface)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  surface = cairo_quartz_image_surface_create (RVAL2CRSURFACE (image_surface));
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_quartz_image_surface_get_image (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+  surface = cairo_quartz_image_surface_get_image (_SELF);
+  if (!surface)
+    return Qnil;
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  return CRSURFACE2RVAL (surface);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_SCRIPT_SURFACE
+/* script surface functions */
+static VALUE
+cr_script_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL, *target = NULL;
+  cairo_device_t *device;
+  double width = 0.0, height = 0.0;
+  cairo_content_t content = CAIRO_CONTENT_COLOR_ALPHA;
+  VALUE arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4;
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "22", &arg1, &arg2, &arg3, &arg4);
+
+  device = RVAL2CRDEVICE (arg1);
+  if (argc == 2)
+    {
+      target = RVAL2CRSURFACE (arg2);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      width = NUM2DBL (arg2);
+      height = NUM2DBL (arg3);
+      switch (TYPE (arg4))
+        {
+        case T_NIL:
+          break;
+        case T_STRING:
+        case T_SYMBOL:
+        case T_FIXNUM:
+          content = RVAL2CRCONTENT (arg4);
+          break;
+        default:
+          rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                    "invalid argument (expect "
+                    "(device, width, height), "
+                    "(device, width, height, content) or "
+                    "(device, surface)): %s",
+                    rb_cairo__inspect (rb_ary_new4 (argc, argv)));
+          break;
+        }
+    }
+
+  if (target)
+    surface = cairo_script_surface_create_for_target (device, target);
+  else
+    surface = cairo_script_surface_create (device, content, width, height);
+
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_RECORDING_SURFACE
+/* recording surface functions */
+static VALUE
+cr_recording_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  VALUE arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5;
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  cairo_content_t content = CAIRO_CONTENT_COLOR_ALPHA;
+  cairo_rectangle_t extents;
+  const char *error_message =
+    "invalid argument (expect "
+    "(x, y, width, height), "
+    "([x, y, width, height]),"
+    "(x, y, width, height, content) or "
+    "([x, y, width, height], content)): %s";
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "14", &arg1, &arg2, &arg3, &arg4, &arg5);
+  if (argc == 1 || argc == 2)
+    {
+      VALUE rb_extents;
+
+      rb_extents = rb_check_array_type (arg1);
+      if (RARRAY_LEN (rb_extents) != 4)
+        rb_raise (rb_eArgError, error_message, rb_cairo__inspect (arg1));
+      extents.x = NUM2DBL (RARRAY_PTR (rb_extents)[0]);
+      extents.y = NUM2DBL (RARRAY_PTR (rb_extents)[1]);
+      extents.width = NUM2DBL (RARRAY_PTR (rb_extents)[2]);
+      extents.height = NUM2DBL (RARRAY_PTR (rb_extents)[3]);
+      if (!NIL_P (arg2))
+        content = RVAL2CRCONTENT (arg2);
+    }
+  else if (argc == 4 || argc == 5)
+    {
+      extents.x = NUM2DBL (arg1);
+      extents.y = NUM2DBL (arg2);
+      extents.width = NUM2DBL (arg3);
+      extents.height = NUM2DBL (arg4);
+      if (!NIL_P (arg5))
+        content = RVAL2CRCONTENT (arg5);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      rb_raise (rb_eArgError, error_message,
+                rb_cairo__inspect (rb_ary_new4 (argc, argv)));
+    }
+
+  surface = cairo_recording_surface_create (content, &extents);
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_recording_surface_get_ink_extents (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  double x, y, width, height;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  cairo_recording_surface_ink_extents (surface, &x, &y, &width, &height);
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  return rb_ary_new3 (4,
+                      rb_float_new (x), rb_float_new (y),
+                      rb_float_new (width), rb_float_new (height));
+}
+
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 11, 4)
+static VALUE
+cr_recording_surface_get_extents (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  cairo_rectangle_t extents;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  cairo_recording_surface_get_extents (surface, &extents);
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  return rb_ary_new3 (4,
+                      rb_float_new (extents.x),
+                      rb_float_new (extents.y),
+                      rb_float_new (extents.width),
+                      rb_float_new (extents.height));
+}
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_GL_SURFACE
+/* GL surface functions */
+static VALUE
+cr_gl_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  cairo_device_t *device;
+  int width, height;
+  cairo_content_t content = CAIRO_CONTENT_COLOR_ALPHA;
+  VALUE rb_device, rb_width, rb_height, rb_content;
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "31",
+                &rb_device, &rb_width, &rb_height, &rb_content);
+
+  device = RVAL2CRDEVICE (rb_device);
+  width = NUM2INT (rb_width);
+  height = NUM2INT (rb_height);
+  switch (TYPE (rb_content))
+    {
+    case T_NIL:
+      break;
+    case T_STRING:
+    case T_SYMBOL:
+    case T_FIXNUM:
+      content = RVAL2CRCONTENT (rb_content);
+      break;
+    default:
+      rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                "invalid argument (expect "
+                "(device, width, height) or "
+                "(device, width, height, content)): %s",
+                rb_cairo__inspect (rb_ary_new4 (argc, argv)));
+      break;
+    }
+
+  surface = cairo_gl_surface_create (device, content, width, height);
+
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_gl_texture_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  cairo_device_t *device;
+  unsigned int texture;
+  int width, height;
+  cairo_content_t content = CAIRO_CONTENT_COLOR_ALPHA;
+  VALUE rb_device, rb_texture, rb_width, rb_height, rb_content;
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "41",
+                &rb_device, &rb_texture, &rb_width, &rb_height, &rb_content);
+
+  device = RVAL2CRDEVICE (rb_device);
+  texture = NUM2UINT (rb_texture);
+  width = NUM2INT (rb_width);
+  height = NUM2INT (rb_height);
+  switch (TYPE (rb_content))
+    {
+    case T_NIL:
+      break;
+    case T_STRING:
+    case T_SYMBOL:
+    case T_FIXNUM:
+      content = RVAL2CRCONTENT (rb_content);
+      break;
+    default:
+      rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                "invalid argument (expect "
+                "(device, texture, width, height) or "
+                "(device, texture, width, height, content)): %s",
+                rb_cairo__inspect (rb_ary_new4 (argc, argv)));
+      break;
+    }
+
+  surface = cairo_gl_surface_create_for_texture (device, content,
+                                                 texture,
+                                                 width,
+                                                 height);
+
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_gl_surface_set_size (VALUE self, VALUE width, VALUE height)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  cairo_gl_surface_set_size (surface, NUM2INT (width), NUM2INT (height));
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_gl_surface_get_width (VALUE self)
+{
+  return INT2NUM (cairo_gl_surface_get_width (_SELF));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_gl_surface_get_height (VALUE self)
+{
+  return INT2NUM (cairo_gl_surface_get_height (_SELF));
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_gl_surface_swap_buffers (VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  cairo_gl_surface_swapbuffers (surface);
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_TEE_SURFACE
+/* tee surface functions */
+static VALUE
+cr_tee_surface_initialize (VALUE self, VALUE master)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL;
+
+  surface = cairo_tee_surface_create (RVAL2CRSURFACE (master));
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  rb_iv_set (self, "surfaces", rb_ary_new3 (1, master));
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_tee_surface_add (VALUE self, VALUE target)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  cairo_tee_surface_add (surface, RVAL2CRSURFACE (target));
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  rb_ary_push (rb_iv_get (self, "surfaces"), target);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_tee_surface_shift_operator (VALUE self, VALUE target)
+{
+  cr_tee_surface_add (self, target);
+  return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_tee_surface_remove (VALUE self, VALUE target_or_index)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL, *target;
+  VALUE rb_surfaces;
+  int i;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  if (rb_cairo__is_kind_of (target_or_index, rb_cCairo_Surface))
+    {
+      target = RVAL2CRSURFACE (target_or_index);
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      VALUE index;
+
+      index = rb_check_to_integer (target_or_index, "to_int");
+      if (NIL_P (index))
+        rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                  "invalid argument (expect (surface) or (index)): %s",
+                  rb_cairo__inspect (target_or_index));
+      target = cairo_tee_surface_index (surface, NUM2INT (index));
+    }
+  cairo_tee_surface_remove (surface, target);
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+
+  rb_surfaces = rb_iv_get (self, "surfaces");
+  for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN (rb_surfaces); i++)
+    {
+      VALUE rb_marked_surface;
+      cairo_surface_t *marked_surface;
+
+      rb_marked_surface = RARRAY_PTR (rb_surfaces)[i];
+      marked_surface = RVAL2CRSURFACE (rb_marked_surface);
+      if (marked_surface == target)
+        {
+          rb_ary_delete (rb_surfaces, rb_marked_surface);
+          break;
+        }
+    }
+
+  return Qnil;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+cr_tee_surface_array_reference (VALUE self, VALUE index)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface = NULL, *target;
+
+  surface = _SELF;
+  index = rb_Integer (index);
+  target = cairo_tee_surface_index (surface, NUM2UINT (index));
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  cr_surface_check_status (target);
+  return CRSURFACE2RVAL (target);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_XML_SURFACE
+/* XML surface functions */
+static VALUE
+cr_xml_surface_initialize (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  cairo_surface_t *surface;
+  cairo_device_t *device;
+  double width, height;
+  cairo_content_t content = CAIRO_CONTENT_COLOR_ALPHA;
+  VALUE rb_device, rb_width, rb_height, rb_content;
+
+  rb_scan_args (argc, argv, "31",
+                &rb_device, &rb_width, &rb_height, &rb_content);
+
+  device = RVAL2CRDEVICE (rb_device);
+  width = NUM2DBL (rb_width);
+  height = NUM2DBL (rb_height);
+  switch (TYPE (rb_content))
+    {
+    case T_NIL:
+      break;
+    case T_STRING:
+    case T_SYMBOL:
+    case T_FIXNUM:
+      content = RVAL2CRCONTENT (rb_content);
+      break;
+    default:
+      rb_raise (rb_eArgError,
+                "invalid argument (expect "
+                "(device, width, height) or "
+                "(device, width, height, content)): %s",
+                rb_cairo__inspect (rb_ary_new4 (argc, argv)));
+      break;
+    }
+
+  surface = cairo_xml_surface_create (device, content, width, height);
+
+  cr_surface_check_status (surface);
+  DATA_PTR (self) = surface;
+  if (rb_block_given_p ())
+    yield_and_finish (self);
+  return Qnil;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+cr_finish_all_guarded_surfaces_at_end_iter (VALUE key, VALUE value, VALUE data)
+{
+  cr_surface_finish (key);
+  return ST_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+static void
+cr_finish_all_guarded_surfaces_at_end (VALUE data)
+{
+  rb_hash_foreach (rb_cairo__gc_guarded_objects (rb_cCairo_Surface),
+                   cr_finish_all_guarded_surfaces_at_end_iter,
+                   Qnil);
+}
+
+void
+Init_cairo_surface (void)
+{
+  cr_id_parse = rb_intern ("parse");
+  cr_id_size = rb_intern ("size");
+  cr_id_set_unit = rb_intern ("unit=");
+  cr_id_x = rb_intern ("x");
+  cr_id_y = rb_intern ("y");
+  cr_id_width = rb_intern ("width");
+  cr_id_height = rb_intern ("height");
+
+  rb_cCairo_Surface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "Surface", rb_cObject);
+  rb_define_alloc_func (rb_cCairo_Surface, cr_surface_allocate);
+
+  rb_cairo__initialize_gc_guard_holder_class (rb_cCairo_Surface);
+  rb_set_end_proc(cr_finish_all_guarded_surfaces_at_end, Qnil);
+
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "image_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_image_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "pdf_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_pdf_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "ps_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_ps_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "quartz_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_quartz_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "win32_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_win32_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "svg_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_svg_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "win32_printing_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_win32_printing_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "quartz_image_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_quartz_image_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "script_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_script_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "recording_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_recording_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "gl_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_gl_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "gl_texture_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_gl_texture_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "tee_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_tee_supported_p, 0);
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "xml_supported?",
+                              cr_surface_xml_supported_p, 0);
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "initialize",
+                    cr_surface_initialize, -1);
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "create_similar",
+                    cr_surface_create_similar, -1);
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 11, 4)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "create_similar_image",
+                    cr_surface_create_similar_image, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "map_to_image",
+                    cr_surface_map_to_image, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "unmap_image",
+                    cr_surface_unmap_image, 1);
+#endif
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 10, 0)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "sub_rectangle_surface",
+                    cr_surface_create_sub_rectangle_surface, 4);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "device",
+                    cr_surface_get_device, 0);
+#endif
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "destroy", cr_surface_destroy, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "finish", cr_surface_finish, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "content", cr_surface_get_content, 0);
+
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 10, 0)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "get_mime_data",
+                    cr_surface_get_mime_data, 1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "set_mime_data",
+                    cr_surface_set_mime_data, 2);
+#endif
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 11, 4)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "supported_mime_type?",
+                    cr_surface_supported_mime_type_p, 1);
+#endif
+
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "font_options",
+                    cr_surface_get_font_options, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "flush", cr_surface_flush, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "mark_dirty", cr_surface_mark_dirty, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "set_device_offset",
+                    cr_surface_set_device_offset, 2);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "device_offset",
+                    cr_surface_get_device_offset, 0);
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 14, 0)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "set_device_scale",
+                    cr_surface_set_device_scale, 2);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "device_scale",
+                    cr_surface_get_device_scale, 0);
+#endif
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "set_fallback_resolution",
+                    cr_surface_set_fallback_resolution, 2);
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 7, 2)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "fallback_resolution",
+                    cr_surface_get_fallback_resolution, 0);
+#endif
+#if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 5, 2)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "copy_page",
+                    cr_surface_copy_page, 2);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "show_page",
+                    cr_surface_show_page, 2);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PNG_FUNCTIONS
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Surface, "write_to_png",
+                    cr_surface_write_to_png_generic, 1);
+#endif
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+  /* image surface */
+  rb_cCairo_ImageSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "ImageSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PNG_FUNCTIONS
+  rb_define_singleton_method (rb_cCairo_ImageSurface, "from_png",
+                              cr_image_surface_create_from_png_generic, 1);
+#endif
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_ImageSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_image_surface_initialize, -1);
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_ImageSurface, "data",
+                    cr_image_surface_get_data, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_ImageSurface, "format",
+                    cr_image_surface_get_format, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_ImageSurface, "width",
+                    cr_image_surface_get_width, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_ImageSurface, "height",
+                    cr_image_surface_get_height, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_ImageSurface, "stride",
+                    cr_image_surface_get_stride, 0);
+
+  /* PDF surface */
+  rb_cCairo_PDFSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "PDFSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PDF_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PDFSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_pdf_surface_initialize, -1);
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PDFSurface, "set_size",
+                    cr_pdf_surface_set_size, -1);
+
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 10, 0)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PDFSurface, "restrict_to_version",
+                    cr_pdf_surface_restrict_to_version, 1);
+#  endif
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_PDFSurface);
+#endif
+
+  /* PS surface */
+  rb_cCairo_PSSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "PSSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_PS_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PSSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_ps_surface_initialize, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PSSurface, "set_size", cr_ps_surface_set_size, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PSSurface, "dsc_comment",
+                    cr_ps_surface_dsc_comment, 1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PSSurface, "dsc_begin_setup",
+                    cr_ps_surface_dsc_begin_setup, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PSSurface, "dsc_begin_page_setup",
+                    cr_ps_surface_dsc_begin_page_setup, 0);
+
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 5, 2)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PSSurface, "restrict_to_level",
+                    cr_ps_surface_restrict_to_level, 1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PSSurface, "eps?", cr_ps_surface_get_eps, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_PSSurface, "set_eps", cr_ps_surface_set_eps, 1);
+#  endif
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_PSSurface);
+#endif
+
+  /* XLib surface */
+  rb_cCairo_XLibSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "XLibSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+  /* XCB surface */
+  rb_cCairo_XCBSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "XCBSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+  /* Quartz surface */
+  rb_cCairo_QuartzSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "QuartzSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_QuartzSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_quartz_surface_initialize, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_QuartzSurface, "cg_context",
+                    cr_quartz_surface_get_cg_context, 0);
+#endif
+
+  /* Win32 surface */
+  rb_cCairo_Win32Surface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "Win32Surface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Win32Surface, "initialize",
+                    cr_win32_surface_initialize, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Win32Surface, "hdc",
+                    cr_win32_surface_get_hdc, 0);
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 4, 0)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Win32Surface, "image",
+                    cr_win32_surface_get_image, 0);
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+  /* SVG surface */
+  rb_cCairo_SVGSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "SVGSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_SVG_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_SVGSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_svg_surface_initialize, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_SVGSurface, "restrict_to_version",
+                    cr_svg_surface_restrict_to_version, 1);
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_SVGSurface);
+#endif
+
+  /* Win32 printing surface */
+  rb_cCairo_Win32PrintingSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "Win32PrintingSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_WIN32_PRINTING_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Win32PrintingSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_win32_printing_surface_initialize, -1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_Win32PrintingSurface, "hdc",
+                    cr_win32_surface_get_hdc, 0);
+#endif
+
+  /* Quartz image surface */
+  rb_cCairo_QuartzImageSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "QuartzImageSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_QUARTZ_IMAGE_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_QuartzImageSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_quartz_image_surface_initialize, 1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_QuartzImageSurface, "image",
+                    cr_quartz_image_surface_get_image, 0);
+#endif
+
+  /* script surface */
+  rb_cCairo_ScriptSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "ScriptSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_SCRIPT_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_ScriptSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_script_surface_initialize, -1);
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_ScriptSurface);
+#endif
+
+  /* Qt surface */
+  rb_cCairo_QtSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "QtSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+  /* recording surface */
+  rb_cCairo_RecordingSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "RecordingSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_RECORDING_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_RecordingSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_recording_surface_initialize, -1);
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_RecordingSurface, "ink_extents",
+                    cr_recording_surface_get_ink_extents, 0);
+#  if CAIRO_CHECK_VERSION(1, 11, 4)
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_RecordingSurface, "extents",
+                    cr_recording_surface_get_extents, 0);
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+  /* VG surface */
+  rb_cCairo_VGSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "VGSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+  /* GL surface */
+  rb_cCairo_GLSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "GLSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+  rb_cCairo_GLTextureSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "GLTextureSurface", rb_cCairo_GLSurface);
+#ifdef RB_CAIRO_HAS_GL_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_GLSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_gl_surface_initialize, 1);
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_GLSurface, "set_size",
+                    cr_gl_surface_set_size, 2);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_GLSurface, "width",
+                    cr_gl_surface_get_width, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_GLSurface, "height",
+                    cr_gl_surface_get_height, 0);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_GLSurface, "swap_buffers",
+                    cr_gl_surface_swap_buffers, 0);
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_GLSurface);
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_GLTextureSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_gl_texture_surface_initialize, 1);
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_GLTextureSurface);
+#endif
+
+  /* DRM surface */
+  rb_cCairo_DRMSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "DRMSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+  /* tee surface */
+  rb_cCairo_TeeSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "TeeSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_TEE_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_TeeSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_tee_surface_initialize, 1);
+
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_TeeSurface, "add",
+                    cr_tee_surface_add, 1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_TeeSurface, "<<",
+                    cr_tee_surface_shift_operator, 1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_TeeSurface, "remove",
+                    cr_tee_surface_remove, 1);
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_TeeSurface, "[]",
+                    cr_tee_surface_array_reference, 1);
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_TeeSurface);
+#endif
+
+  /* XML surface */
+  rb_cCairo_XMLSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "XMLSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+#ifdef CAIRO_HAS_XML_SURFACE
+  rb_define_method (rb_cCairo_XMLSurface, "initialize",
+                    cr_xml_surface_initialize, -1);
+
+  RB_CAIRO_DEF_SETTERS (rb_cCairo_XMLSurface);
+#endif
+
+  /* Skia surface */
+  rb_cCairo_SkiaSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "SkiaSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+  /* sub surface */
+  rb_cCairo_SubSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "SubSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+
+  /* Cogl surface */
+  rb_cCairo_CoglSurface =
+    rb_define_class_under (rb_mCairo, "CoglSurface", rb_cCairo_Surface);
+}