bundler 4.0.15 → 4.0.17

checksums.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 SHA256:
-  metadata.gz: b500418ab2bb689238b11172e7713d90513adbeeea8b4a27e3e9e12e1ac61cdb
-  data.tar.gz: 5c6463f83fcec1c3310af6cf30fdbe50774e8016a6ac8c277a65fcb14ca52c0a
+  metadata.gz: a0e51552827f6a9e6f69879c84b28b5fc102157385d7b5acc8f76ccf23fc1d02
+  data.tar.gz: 580c4732a5106f1ac54652b7399e187a365a6b891e6b1eb5093093b7c0bcbbbd
 SHA512:
-  metadata.gz: e36d0b9bc29b9ca34a12ccb44ec995e774f55348d2181ea220ed70d68232d65f89c338ac799f35ea3a97cddbc73db10ef584756cfa1e480cc0c1be8b97c454ce
-  data.tar.gz: f5dfd925657ea59c8fde6a4c5bf658e7e3b5b9357a1ccd9d03167dc7cfbcd40db826d3b909a65101e24bd15d15287d4e6505884a6117e152feb516e0597ca2ab
+  metadata.gz: 03f0b65a2e6655251ddd488cfe43983e7e94d1e72be6166ab5c4627f6075ee9d4aabf38e7e6c4514eb906a0ee524aaa6a3fbf2a598fdb7ecc8f3301b803cdf90
+  data.tar.gz: 36b037826c24cf525249954629c83c3d131a27a3d009d0a9af749e1108dcd043c151fa7f4f5786edc47a75c5526af6917a7da8ed0b222766e97749a4d298bbfd

data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,39 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 4.0.17 / 2026-07-22
+
+### Enhancements:
+
+* Open compact index cache in binary mode when appending. Pull request [#9679](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9679) by hsbt
+
+### Bug fixes:
+
+* Unquote Gem.ruby when spawning it as a separate argv element. Pull request [#9695](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9695) by hsbt
+* Escape glob metacharacters in install paths when globbing. Pull request [#9687](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9687) by hsbt
+* Avoid space-containing absolute path in RUBYOPT. Pull request [#9696](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9696) by hsbt
+* Preserve the locked Bundler checksum when the gem isn't cached. Pull request [#9658](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9658) by rwstauner
+
+### Documentation:
+
+* Point Bundler gemspec metadata at the moved docs. Pull request [#9648](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9648) by hsbt
+
+## 4.0.16 / 2026-07-10
+
+### Enhancements:
+
+* Bundler: Fix Bundler::Fetcher for PQC support, adding integration connection tests. Pull request [#9637](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9637) by junaruga
+* Reuse RubyGems' vendored tsort in Bundler. Pull request [#9647](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9647) by hsbt
+
+### Bug fixes:
+
+* Initialize the new gem's git repo without a subshell. Pull request [#9670](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9670) by hsbt
+* Preserve CRLF lockfile line endings on Windows. Pull request [#9669](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9669) by hsbt
+* Fix the gemspec error snippet on Windows drive-letter paths. Pull request [#9668](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9668) by hsbt
+
+### Documentation:
+
+* Point Bundler gemspec metadata at the moved docs. Pull request [#9648](https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/pull/9648) by hsbt
+
 ## 4.0.15 / 2026-06-24
 
 ### Enhancements:

data/bundler.gemspec

@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
 
   s.metadata = {
     "bug_tracker_uri" => "https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3ABundler",
-    "changelog_uri" => "https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/blob/master/bundler/CHANGELOG.md",
+    "changelog_uri" => "https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/blob/master/CHANGELOG-bundler.md",
     "homepage_uri" => "https://bundler.io/",
-    "source_code_uri" => "https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/tree/master/bundler",
+    "source_code_uri" => "https://github.com/ruby/rubygems",
   }
 
   s.required_ruby_version     = ">= 3.2.0"

data/lib/bundler/build_metadata.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ module Bundler
   module BuildMetadata
     # begin ivars
     @built_at = nil
-    @git_commit_sha = "12ba1f437b".freeze
+    @git_commit_sha = "f80cbc4c44".freeze
     # end ivars
 
     # A hash representation of the build metadata.

data/lib/bundler/cli/gem.rb

@@ -256,8 +256,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       if use_git
         Bundler.ui.info "\nInitializing git repo in #{target}"
-        require "shellwords"
-        `git init #{target.to_s.shellescape}`
+        IO.popen(["git", "init", target.to_s], &:read)
 
         config[:git_default_branch] = File.read("#{target}/.git/HEAD").split("/").last.chomp
       end

data/lib/bundler/cli/open.rb

@@ -18,12 +18,22 @@ module Bundler
         Bundler.ui.info "Unable to open #{name} because it's a default gem, so the directory it would normally be installed to does not exist."
       else
         root_path = spec.full_gem_path
-        require "shellwords"
-        command = Shellwords.split(editor) << File.join([root_path, path].compact)
+        command = editor_command(editor) << File.join([root_path, path].compact)
         Bundler.with_original_env do
           system(*command, { chdir: root_path })
         end || Bundler.ui.info("Could not run '#{command.join(" ")}'")
       end
     end
+
+    def editor_command(editor)
+      # On Windows an editor is often configured with a full path such as
+      # C:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code\Code.exe, which shell splitting
+      # would corrupt. Take a value that names an existing file as a
+      # single word.
+      return [editor] if Gem.win_platform? && File.file?(editor)
+
+      require "shellwords"
+      Shellwords.split(editor)
+    end
   end
 end

data/lib/bundler/compact_index_client/cache_file.rb

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ module Bundler
       # Returns false without appending when no digests since appending is too error prone to do without digests.
       def append(data)
         return false unless digests?
-        open("a") {|f| f.write data }
+        open("ab") {|f| f.write data }
         verify && commit
       end
 

data/lib/bundler/definition.rb

@@ -397,10 +397,6 @@ module Bundler
 
       contents = to_lock
 
-      # Convert to \r\n if the existing lock has them
-      # i.e., Windows with `git config core.autocrlf=true`
-      contents.gsub!(/\n/, "\r\n") if @lockfile_contents.match?("\r\n")
-
       if @locked_bundler_version
         locked_major = @locked_bundler_version.segments.first
         current_major = bundler_version_to_lock.segments.first
@@ -421,6 +417,14 @@ module Bundler
         return
       end
 
+      # Convert to \r\n if the existing lock has them, i.e., Windows with
+      # `git config core.autocrlf=true`. Detect from the bytes on disk because
+      # reading in text mode strips carriage returns on Windows, which would
+      # otherwise defeat this check and rewrite a `\r\n` lockfile with `\n`.
+      if File.exist?(file) && SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file, :read) {|p| File.binread(p).include?("\r\n") }
+        contents.gsub!(/\n/, "\r\n")
+      end
+
       begin
         SharedHelpers.filesystem_access(file) do |p|
           File.open(p, "wb") {|f| f.puts(contents) }

data/lib/bundler/dsl.rb

@@ -602,8 +602,11 @@ module Bundler
 
           trace_line = backtrace.find {|l| l.include?(dsl_path) } || trace_line
           return m unless trace_line
-          line_number = trace_line.split(":")[1].to_i - 1
+          # Match the line number right before `:in` or the end of the line so a
+          # Windows drive letter like `C:` does not get mistaken for the number.
+          line_number = trace_line[/:(\d+)(?::in\b|\z)/, 1]
           return m unless line_number
+          line_number = line_number.to_i - 1
 
           lines      = contents.lines.to_a
           indent     = " #  "

data/lib/bundler/fetcher.rb

@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ module Bundler
         if ssl_client_cert
           pem = File.read(ssl_client_cert)
           con.cert = OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new(pem)
-          con.key  = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(pem)
+          con.key  = OpenSSL::PKey.read(pem)
         end
 
         con.read_timeout = Fetcher.api_timeout

data/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ module Bundler
       # every native extension build with `fatal error U1065: invalid option
       # '-'`. Skip the jobserver when nmake is in use. Other Windows toolchains
       # such as mingw use GNU make and keep working through the inherited pipe.
-      return yield if nmake?
+      return yield if nmake? || bsd_make?
 
       begin
         r, w = IO.pipe
@@ -155,6 +155,12 @@ module Bundler
       /\bnmake/i.match?(make.to_s)
     end
 
+    def bsd_make?
+      return false unless Gem.freebsd_platform?
+      make = ENV["MAKE"] || ENV["make"] || "make"
+      !/\bgmake/i.match?(make)
+    end
+
     def install_serially
       until finished_installing?
         raise "failed to find a spec to enqueue while installing serially" unless spec_install = @specs.find(&:ready_to_enqueue?)

data/lib/bundler/lockfile_generator.rb

@@ -103,17 +103,40 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def bundler_checksum
+      # `.dev` versions and `SKIP_BUNDLER_CHECKSUM` are deliberate opt-outs (used
+      # by Bundler/RubyGems' own development and release tasks): never record a
+      # checksum for Bundler itself in those cases.
       return [] if Bundler.gem_version.to_s.end_with?(".dev") || ENV["SKIP_BUNDLER_CHECKSUM"]
 
       bundler_spec = definition.sources.metadata_source.specs.search(["bundler", Bundler.gem_version]).last
-      return [] unless File.exist?(bundler_spec.cache_file)
 
-      require "rubygems/package"
+      # Record a fresh checksum from the locally cached gem when it's available.
+      # When it isn't (e.g. a fresh checkout/CI that never downloaded the bundler
+      # gem), fall back to whatever checksum is already locked rather than
+      # dropping it, so the entry stays consistent across environments.
+      if File.exist?(bundler_spec.cache_file)
+        require "rubygems/package"
+
+        package = Gem::Package.new(bundler_spec.cache_file)
+        definition.sources.metadata_source.checksum_store.register(bundler_spec, Checksum.from_gem_package(package))
+      elsif bundled_with_changing?
+        # We can't compute a fresh checksum (the bundler gem isn't cached) and the
+        # BUNDLED WITH version is changing. Keeping the previously locked checksum
+        # would leave a `bundler (<old version>) sha256=...` entry that no longer
+        # matches the new BUNDLED WITH version, so drop it instead.
+        return []
+      end
 
-      package = Gem::Package.new(bundler_spec.cache_file)
-      definition.sources.metadata_source.checksum_store.register(bundler_spec, Checksum.from_gem_package(package))
+      return [] if definition.sources.metadata_source.checksum_store.missing?(bundler_spec)
 
       [definition.sources.metadata_source.checksum_store.to_lock(bundler_spec)]
     end
+
+    def bundled_with_changing?
+      locked_gems = definition.locked_gems
+      return false unless locked_gems
+
+      locked_gems.bundler_version != definition.bundler_version_to_lock
+    end
   end
 end

data/lib/bundler/runtime.rb

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ module Bundler
         end
       end
 
-      Dir[cache_path.join("*/.git")].each do |git_dir|
+      Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("*/.git", cache_path.to_s).each do |git_dir|
         FileUtils.rm_rf(git_dir)
         FileUtils.touch(File.expand_path("../.bundlecache", git_dir))
       end
@@ -159,13 +159,13 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def clean(dry_run = false)
-      gem_bins             = Dir["#{Gem.dir}/bin/*"]
-      git_dirs             = Dir["#{Gem.dir}/bundler/gems/*"]
-      git_cache_dirs       = Dir["#{Gem.dir}/cache/bundler/git/*"]
-      gem_dirs             = Dir["#{Gem.dir}/gems/*"]
-      gem_files            = Dir["#{Gem.dir}/cache/*.gem"]
-      gemspec_files        = Dir["#{Gem.dir}/specifications/*.gemspec"]
-      extension_dirs       = Dir["#{Gem.dir}/extensions/*/*/*"] + Dir["#{Gem.dir}/bundler/gems/extensions/*/*/*"]
+      gem_bins             = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("bin/*", Gem.dir)
+      git_dirs             = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("bundler/gems/*", Gem.dir)
+      git_cache_dirs       = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("cache/bundler/git/*", Gem.dir)
+      gem_dirs             = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("gems/*", Gem.dir)
+      gem_files            = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("cache/*.gem", Gem.dir)
+      gemspec_files        = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("specifications/*.gemspec", Gem.dir)
+      extension_dirs       = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("extensions/*/*/*", Gem.dir) + Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("bundler/gems/extensions/*/*/*", Gem.dir)
       spec_gem_paths       = []
       # need to keep git sources around
       spec_git_paths       = @definition.spec_git_paths
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ module Bundler
     private
 
     def prune_gem_cache(resolve, cache_path)
-      cached = Dir["#{cache_path}/*.gem"]
+      cached = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("*.gem", cache_path.to_s)
 
       cached = cached.delete_if do |path|
         spec = Bundler.rubygems.spec_from_gem path
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ module Bundler
     end
 
     def prune_git_and_path_cache(resolve, cache_path)
-      cached = Dir["#{cache_path}/*/.bundlecache"]
+      cached = Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("*/.bundlecache", cache_path.to_s)
 
       cached = cached.delete_if do |path|
         name = File.basename(File.dirname(path))
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ module Bundler
       # Add man/ subdirectories from activated bundles to MANPATH for man(1)
       manuals = $LOAD_PATH.filter_map do |path|
         man_subdir = path.sub(/lib$/, "man")
-        man_subdir unless Dir[man_subdir + "/man?/"].empty?
+        man_subdir unless Dir.glob("man?/", base: man_subdir).empty?
       end
 
       return if manuals.empty?

data/lib/bundler/self_manager.rb

@@ -75,7 +75,12 @@ module Bundler
 
       argv0 = File.exist?($PROGRAM_NAME) ? $PROGRAM_NAME : Process.argv0
       cmd = [argv0, *ARGV]
-      cmd.unshift(Gem.ruby) unless File.executable?(argv0)
+      unless File.executable?(argv0)
+        # Gem.ruby is quoted if it contains whitespace, so split it into argv
+        # elements to keep the quotes out of the exec'd command.
+        require "shellwords"
+        cmd.unshift(*Shellwords.split(Gem.ruby))
+      end
 
       Bundler.with_original_env do
         Kernel.exec(

data/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb

@@ -346,7 +346,12 @@ module Bundler
 
     def set_rubyopt
       rubyopt = [ENV["RUBYOPT"]].compact
-      setup_require = "-r#{File.expand_path("setup", __dir__)}"
+      setup_path = File.expand_path("setup", __dir__)
+      # RUBYOPT is split on whitespace with no quoting mechanism, so an
+      # absolute path containing spaces would be torn apart. Fall back to
+      # requiring by feature name; set_rubylib puts our lib directory first
+      # on the child's load path.
+      setup_require = /\s/.match?(setup_path) ? "-rbundler/setup" : "-r#{setup_path}"
       return if !rubyopt.empty? && rubyopt.first.include?(setup_require)
       rubyopt.unshift setup_require
       Bundler::SharedHelpers.set_env "RUBYOPT", rubyopt.join(" ")

data/lib/bundler/source/git.rb

@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ module Bundler
 
       def serialize_gemspecs_in(destination)
         destination = destination.expand_path(Bundler.root) if destination.relative?
-        Dir["#{destination}/#{@glob}"].each do |spec_path|
+        Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir(@glob, destination.to_s).each do |spec_path|
           # Evaluate gemspecs and cache the result. Gemspecs
           # in git might require git or other dependencies.
           # The gemspecs we cache should already be evaluated.

data/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb

@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ module Bundler
         @cached_specs ||= begin
           idx = Index.new
 
-          Dir["#{cache_path}/*.gem"].each do |gemfile|
+          Gem::Util.glob_files_in_dir("*.gem", cache_path.to_s).each do |gemfile|
             s ||= Bundler.rubygems.spec_from_gem(gemfile)
             s.source = self
             idx << s

data/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ require_relative "vendored_tsort"
 module Bundler
   class SpecSet
     include Enumerable
-    include TSort
+    include Gem::TSort
 
     def initialize(specs)
       @specs = specs
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ module Bundler
 
     def sorted
       @sorted ||= ([@specs.find {|s| s.name == "rake" }] + tsort).compact.uniq
-    rescue TSort::Cyclic => error
+    rescue Gem::TSort::Cyclic => error
       cgems = extract_circular_gems(error)
       raise CyclicDependencyError, "Your bundle requires gems that depend" \
         " on each other, creating an infinite loop. Please remove either" \

data/lib/bundler/vendored_tsort.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,21 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-module Bundler; end
-require_relative "vendor/tsort/lib/tsort"
+# The defined? guard avoids reopening Gem::TSort when an old RubyGems has
+# already loaded its own copy, e.g. through rubygems/request_set from
+# Gem.activate_bin_path in binstubs.
+#
+unless defined?(Gem::TSort)
+  begin
+    require "rubygems/vendored_tsort"
+  rescue LoadError
+    begin
+      # RubyGems 3.4 and 3.5 ship the same file under its pre-3.6 name.
+      # Requiring the real tsort here instead would activate the tsort
+      # default gem, and `bundler/setup` must not activate any gems.
+      require "rubygems/tsort"
+    rescue LoadError
+      require "tsort"
+      Gem::TSort = TSort
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/bundler/version.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: false
 
 module Bundler
-  VERSION = "4.0.15".freeze
+  VERSION = "4.0.17".freeze
 
   def self.bundler_major_version
     @bundler_major_version ||= gem_version.segments.first

metadata

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
 name: bundler
 version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-  version: 4.0.15
+  version: 4.0.17
 platform: ruby
 authors:
 - André Arko
@@ -350,8 +350,6 @@ files:
 - lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/shell/wrapped_printer.rb
 - lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/util.rb
 - lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/version.rb
-- lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/LICENSE.txt
-- lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/lib/tsort.rb
 - lib/bundler/vendor/uri/COPYING
 - lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri.rb
 - lib/bundler/vendor/uri/lib/uri/common.rb
@@ -386,9 +384,9 @@ licenses:
 - MIT
 metadata:
   bug_tracker_uri: https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3ABundler
-  changelog_uri: https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/blob/master/bundler/CHANGELOG.md
+  changelog_uri: https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/blob/master/CHANGELOG-bundler.md
   homepage_uri: https://bundler.io/
-  source_code_uri: https://github.com/ruby/rubygems/tree/master/bundler
+  source_code_uri: https://github.com/ruby/rubygems
 rdoc_options: []
 require_paths:
 - lib
@@ -403,7 +401,7 @@ required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
     - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
       version: 3.4.1
 requirements: []
-rubygems_version: 4.0.13
+rubygems_version: 4.0.16
 specification_version: 4
 summary: The best way to manage your application's dependencies
 test_files: []

data/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/LICENSE.txt

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-Copyright (C) 1993-2013 Yukihiro Matsumoto. All rights reserved.
-
-Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-are met:
-1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-
-THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
-ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
-IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
-FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
-DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
-OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
-HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
-LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
-SUCH DAMAGE.

data/lib/bundler/vendor/tsort/lib/tsort.rb

@@ -1,455 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-#--
-# tsort.rb - provides a module for topological sorting and strongly connected components.
-#++
-#
-
-#
-# Bundler::TSort implements topological sorting using Tarjan's algorithm for
-# strongly connected components.
-#
-# Bundler::TSort is designed to be able to be used with any object which can be
-# interpreted as a directed graph.
-#
-# Bundler::TSort requires two methods to interpret an object as a graph,
-# tsort_each_node and tsort_each_child.
-#
-# * tsort_each_node is used to iterate for all nodes over a graph.
-# * tsort_each_child is used to iterate for child nodes of a given node.
-#
-# The equality of nodes are defined by eql? and hash since
-# Bundler::TSort uses Hash internally.
-#
-# == A Simple Example
-#
-# The following example demonstrates how to mix the Bundler::TSort module into an
-# existing class (in this case, Hash). Here, we're treating each key in
-# the hash as a node in the graph, and so we simply alias the required
-# #tsort_each_node method to Hash's #each_key method. For each key in the
-# hash, the associated value is an array of the node's child nodes. This
-# choice in turn leads to our implementation of the required #tsort_each_child
-# method, which fetches the array of child nodes and then iterates over that
-# array using the user-supplied block.
-#
-#   require 'bundler/vendor/tsort/lib/tsort'
-#
-#   class Hash
-#     include Bundler::TSort
-#     alias tsort_each_node each_key
-#     def tsort_each_child(node, &block)
-#       fetch(node).each(&block)
-#     end
-#   end
-#
-#   {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[3], 3=>[], 4=>[]}.tsort
-#   #=> [3, 2, 1, 4]
-#
-#   {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}.strongly_connected_components
-#   #=> [[4], [2, 3], [1]]
-#
-# == A More Realistic Example
-#
-# A very simple `make' like tool can be implemented as follows:
-#
-#   require 'bundler/vendor/tsort/lib/tsort'
-#
-#   class Make
-#     def initialize
-#       @dep = {}
-#       @dep.default = []
-#     end
-#
-#     def rule(outputs, inputs=[], &block)
-#       triple = [outputs, inputs, block]
-#       outputs.each {|f| @dep[f] = [triple]}
-#       @dep[triple] = inputs
-#     end
-#
-#     def build(target)
-#       each_strongly_connected_component_from(target) {|ns|
-#         if ns.length != 1
-#           fs = ns.delete_if {|n| Array === n}
-#           raise Bundler::TSort::Cyclic.new("cyclic dependencies: #{fs.join ', '}")
-#         end
-#         n = ns.first
-#         if Array === n
-#           outputs, inputs, block = n
-#           inputs_time = inputs.map {|f| File.mtime f}.max
-#           begin
-#             outputs_time = outputs.map {|f| File.mtime f}.min
-#           rescue Errno::ENOENT
-#             outputs_time = nil
-#           end
-#           if outputs_time == nil ||
-#              inputs_time != nil && outputs_time <= inputs_time
-#             sleep 1 if inputs_time != nil && inputs_time.to_i == Time.now.to_i
-#             block.call
-#           end
-#         end
-#       }
-#     end
-#
-#     def tsort_each_child(node, &block)
-#       @dep[node].each(&block)
-#     end
-#     include Bundler::TSort
-#   end
-#
-#   def command(arg)
-#     print arg, "\n"
-#     system arg
-#   end
-#
-#   m = Make.new
-#   m.rule(%w[t1]) { command 'date > t1' }
-#   m.rule(%w[t2]) { command 'date > t2' }
-#   m.rule(%w[t3]) { command 'date > t3' }
-#   m.rule(%w[t4], %w[t1 t3]) { command 'cat t1 t3 > t4' }
-#   m.rule(%w[t5], %w[t4 t2]) { command 'cat t4 t2 > t5' }
-#   m.build('t5')
-#
-# == Bugs
-#
-# * 'tsort.rb' is wrong name because this library uses
-#   Tarjan's algorithm for strongly connected components.
-#   Although 'strongly_connected_components.rb' is correct but too long.
-#
-# == References
-#
-# R. E. Tarjan, "Depth First Search and Linear Graph Algorithms",
-# <em>SIAM Journal on Computing</em>, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 146-160, June 1972.
-#
-
-module Bundler::TSort
-
-  VERSION = "0.2.0"
-
-  class Cyclic < StandardError
-  end
-
-  # Returns a topologically sorted array of nodes.
-  # The array is sorted from children to parents, i.e.
-  # the first element has no child and the last node has no parent.
-  #
-  # If there is a cycle, Bundler::TSort::Cyclic is raised.
-  #
-  #   class G
-  #     include Bundler::TSort
-  #     def initialize(g)
-  #       @g = g
-  #     end
-  #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-  #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-  #   end
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-  #   p graph.tsort #=> [4, 2, 3, 1]
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]})
-  #   p graph.tsort # raises Bundler::TSort::Cyclic
-  #
-  def tsort
-    each_node = method(:tsort_each_node)
-    each_child = method(:tsort_each_child)
-    Bundler::TSort.tsort(each_node, each_child)
-  end
-
-  # Returns a topologically sorted array of nodes.
-  # The array is sorted from children to parents, i.e.
-  # the first element has no child and the last node has no parent.
-  #
-  # The graph is represented by _each_node_ and _each_child_.
-  # _each_node_ should have +call+ method which yields for each node in the graph.
-  # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
-  #
-  # If there is a cycle, Bundler::TSort::Cyclic is raised.
-  #
-  #   g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}
-  #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-  #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-  #   p Bundler::TSort.tsort(each_node, each_child) #=> [4, 2, 3, 1]
-  #
-  #   g = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}
-  #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-  #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-  #   p Bundler::TSort.tsort(each_node, each_child) # raises Bundler::TSort::Cyclic
-  #
-  def self.tsort(each_node, each_child)
-    tsort_each(each_node, each_child).to_a
-  end
-
-  # The iterator version of the #tsort method.
-  # <tt><em>obj</em>.tsort_each</tt> is similar to <tt><em>obj</em>.tsort.each</tt>, but
-  # modification of _obj_ during the iteration may lead to unexpected results.
-  #
-  # #tsort_each returns +nil+.
-  # If there is a cycle, Bundler::TSort::Cyclic is raised.
-  #
-  #   class G
-  #     include Bundler::TSort
-  #     def initialize(g)
-  #       @g = g
-  #     end
-  #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-  #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-  #   end
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-  #   graph.tsort_each {|n| p n }
-  #   #=> 4
-  #   #   2
-  #   #   3
-  #   #   1
-  #
-  def tsort_each(&block) # :yields: node
-    each_node = method(:tsort_each_node)
-    each_child = method(:tsort_each_child)
-    Bundler::TSort.tsort_each(each_node, each_child, &block)
-  end
-
-  # The iterator version of the Bundler::TSort.tsort method.
-  #
-  # The graph is represented by _each_node_ and _each_child_.
-  # _each_node_ should have +call+ method which yields for each node in the graph.
-  # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
-  #
-  #   g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}
-  #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-  #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-  #   Bundler::TSort.tsort_each(each_node, each_child) {|n| p n }
-  #   #=> 4
-  #   #   2
-  #   #   3
-  #   #   1
-  #
-  def self.tsort_each(each_node, each_child) # :yields: node
-    return to_enum(__method__, each_node, each_child) unless block_given?
-
-    each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child) {|component|
-      if component.size == 1
-        yield component.first
-      else
-        raise Cyclic.new("topological sort failed: #{component.inspect}")
-      end
-    }
-  end
-
-  # Returns strongly connected components as an array of arrays of nodes.
-  # The array is sorted from children to parents.
-  # Each elements of the array represents a strongly connected component.
-  #
-  #   class G
-  #     include Bundler::TSort
-  #     def initialize(g)
-  #       @g = g
-  #     end
-  #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-  #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-  #   end
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-  #   p graph.strongly_connected_components #=> [[4], [2], [3], [1]]
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]})
-  #   p graph.strongly_connected_components #=> [[4], [2, 3], [1]]
-  #
-  def strongly_connected_components
-    each_node = method(:tsort_each_node)
-    each_child = method(:tsort_each_child)
-    Bundler::TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child)
-  end
-
-  # Returns strongly connected components as an array of arrays of nodes.
-  # The array is sorted from children to parents.
-  # Each elements of the array represents a strongly connected component.
-  #
-  # The graph is represented by _each_node_ and _each_child_.
-  # _each_node_ should have +call+ method which yields for each node in the graph.
-  # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
-  #
-  #   g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}
-  #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-  #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-  #   p Bundler::TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child)
-  #   #=> [[4], [2], [3], [1]]
-  #
-  #   g = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}
-  #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-  #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-  #   p Bundler::TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child)
-  #   #=> [[4], [2, 3], [1]]
-  #
-  def self.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child)
-    each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child).to_a
-  end
-
-  # The iterator version of the #strongly_connected_components method.
-  # <tt><em>obj</em>.each_strongly_connected_component</tt> is similar to
-  # <tt><em>obj</em>.strongly_connected_components.each</tt>, but
-  # modification of _obj_ during the iteration may lead to unexpected results.
-  #
-  # #each_strongly_connected_component returns +nil+.
-  #
-  #   class G
-  #     include Bundler::TSort
-  #     def initialize(g)
-  #       @g = g
-  #     end
-  #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-  #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-  #   end
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-  #   graph.each_strongly_connected_component {|scc| p scc }
-  #   #=> [4]
-  #   #   [2]
-  #   #   [3]
-  #   #   [1]
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]})
-  #   graph.each_strongly_connected_component {|scc| p scc }
-  #   #=> [4]
-  #   #   [2, 3]
-  #   #   [1]
-  #
-  def each_strongly_connected_component(&block) # :yields: nodes
-    each_node = method(:tsort_each_node)
-    each_child = method(:tsort_each_child)
-    Bundler::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child, &block)
-  end
-
-  # The iterator version of the Bundler::TSort.strongly_connected_components method.
-  #
-  # The graph is represented by _each_node_ and _each_child_.
-  # _each_node_ should have +call+ method which yields for each node in the graph.
-  # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
-  #
-  #   g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}
-  #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-  #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-  #   Bundler::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child) {|scc| p scc }
-  #   #=> [4]
-  #   #   [2]
-  #   #   [3]
-  #   #   [1]
-  #
-  #   g = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}
-  #   each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) }
-  #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) }
-  #   Bundler::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child) {|scc| p scc }
-  #   #=> [4]
-  #   #   [2, 3]
-  #   #   [1]
-  #
-  def self.each_strongly_connected_component(each_node, each_child) # :yields: nodes
-    return to_enum(__method__, each_node, each_child) unless block_given?
-
-    id_map = {}
-    stack = []
-    each_node.call {|node|
-      unless id_map.include? node
-        each_strongly_connected_component_from(node, each_child, id_map, stack) {|c|
-          yield c
-        }
-      end
-    }
-    nil
-  end
-
-  # Iterates over strongly connected component in the subgraph reachable from
-  # _node_.
-  #
-  # Return value is unspecified.
-  #
-  # #each_strongly_connected_component_from doesn't call #tsort_each_node.
-  #
-  #   class G
-  #     include Bundler::TSort
-  #     def initialize(g)
-  #       @g = g
-  #     end
-  #     def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end
-  #     def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end
-  #   end
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]})
-  #   graph.each_strongly_connected_component_from(2) {|scc| p scc }
-  #   #=> [4]
-  #   #   [2]
-  #
-  #   graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]})
-  #   graph.each_strongly_connected_component_from(2) {|scc| p scc }
-  #   #=> [4]
-  #   #   [2, 3]
-  #
-  def each_strongly_connected_component_from(node, id_map={}, stack=[], &block) # :yields: nodes
-    Bundler::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from(node, method(:tsort_each_child), id_map, stack, &block)
-  end
-
-  # Iterates over strongly connected components in a graph.
-  # The graph is represented by _node_ and _each_child_.
-  #
-  # _node_ is the first node.
-  # _each_child_ should have +call+ method which takes a node argument
-  # and yields for each child node.
-  #
-  # Return value is unspecified.
-  #
-  # #Bundler::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from is a class method and
-  # it doesn't need a class to represent a graph which includes Bundler::TSort.
-  #
-  #   graph = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}
-  #   each_child = lambda {|n, &b| graph[n].each(&b) }
-  #   Bundler::TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from(1, each_child) {|scc|
-  #     p scc
-  #   }
-  #   #=> [4]
-  #   #   [2, 3]
-  #   #   [1]
-  #
-  def self.each_strongly_connected_component_from(node, each_child, id_map={}, stack=[]) # :yields: nodes
-    return to_enum(__method__, node, each_child, id_map, stack) unless block_given?
-
-    minimum_id = node_id = id_map[node] = id_map.size
-    stack_length = stack.length
-    stack << node
-
-    each_child.call(node) {|child|
-      if id_map.include? child
-        child_id = id_map[child]
-        minimum_id = child_id if child_id && child_id < minimum_id
-      else
-        sub_minimum_id =
-          each_strongly_connected_component_from(child, each_child, id_map, stack) {|c|
-            yield c
-          }
-        minimum_id = sub_minimum_id if sub_minimum_id < minimum_id
-      end
-    }
-
-    if node_id == minimum_id
-      component = stack.slice!(stack_length .. -1)
-      component.each {|n| id_map[n] = nil}
-      yield component
-    end
-
-    minimum_id
-  end
-
-  # Should be implemented by a extended class.
-  #
-  # #tsort_each_node is used to iterate for all nodes over a graph.
-  #
-  def tsort_each_node # :yields: node
-    raise NotImplementedError.new
-  end
-
-  # Should be implemented by a extended class.
-  #
-  # #tsort_each_child is used to iterate for child nodes of _node_.
-  #
-  def tsort_each_child(node) # :yields: child
-    raise NotImplementedError.new
-  end
-end