buildr-gemjar 1.0.0

data/vendor/buildr/lib/buildr/packaging/artifact.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,903 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with this
+# work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF
+# licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the
+# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
+# the License.
+
+
+require 'buildr/core/project'
+require 'buildr/core/transports'
+require 'buildr/packaging/artifact_namespace'
+require 'fileutils'
+
+
+module Buildr
+
+  desc 'Download all artifacts'
+  task 'artifacts'
+
+  desc "Download all artifacts' sources"
+  task 'artifacts:sources'
+
+  desc "Download all artifacts' javadoc"
+  task 'artifacts:javadoc'
+
+  # Mixin with a task to make it behave like an artifact. Implemented by the packaging tasks.
+  #
+  # An artifact has an identifier, group identifier, type, version number and
+  # optional classifier. All can be used to locate it in the local repository,
+  # download from or upload to a remote repository.
+  #
+  # The #to_spec and #to_hash methods allow it to be used everywhere an artifact is
+  # accepted.
+  module ActsAsArtifact
+
+    ARTIFACT_ATTRIBUTES = [:group, :id, :type, :classifier, :version]
+
+    class << self
+    private
+
+      # :stopdoc:
+      def included(mod)
+        mod.extend self
+      end
+
+      def extend_object(base)
+        base.instance_eval { alias :install_old :install     } if base.respond_to? :install
+        base.instance_eval { alias :uninstall_old :uninstall } if base.respond_to? :uninstall
+        base.instance_eval { alias :upload_old :upload       } if base.respond_to? :upload
+        super
+      end
+
+      def extended(base)
+        #We try to keep the previous instance methods defined on the base instance if there were ones.
+        base.instance_eval { alias :install :install_old     } if base.respond_to? :install_old
+        base.instance_eval { alias :uninstall :uninstall_old } if base.respond_to? :uninstall_old
+        base.instance_eval { alias :upload :upload_old       } if base.respond_to? :upload_old
+      end
+
+      # :startdoc:
+    end
+
+    # The artifact identifier.
+    attr_reader :id
+    # The group identifier.
+    attr_reader :group
+    # The file type. (Symbol)
+    attr_reader :type
+    # The version number.
+    attr_reader :version
+    # Optional artifact classifier.
+    attr_reader :classifier
+
+    def snapshot?
+      version =~ /-SNAPSHOT$/
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   to_spec_hash => Hash
+    #
+    # Returns the artifact specification as a hash. For example:
+    #   com.example:app:jar:1.2
+    # becomes:
+    #   { :group=>'com.example',
+    #     :id=>'app',
+    #     :type=>:jar,
+    #     :version=>'1.2' }
+    def to_spec_hash
+      base = { :group=>group, :id=>id, :type=>type, :version=>version }
+      classifier ? base.merge(:classifier=>classifier) : base
+    end
+    alias_method :to_hash, :to_spec_hash
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   to_spec => String
+    #
+    # Returns the artifact specification, in the structure:
+    #   <group>:<artifact>:<type>:<version>
+    # or
+    #   <group>:<artifact>:<type>:<classifier>:<version>
+    def to_spec
+      classifier ? "#{group}:#{id}:#{type}:#{classifier}:#{version}" : "#{group}:#{id}:#{type}:#{version}"
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   pom => Artifact
+    #
+    # Convenience method that returns a POM artifact.
+    def pom
+      return self if type == :pom
+      Buildr.artifact(:group=>group, :id=>id, :version=>version, :type=>:pom)
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   sources_artifact => Artifact
+    #
+    # Convenience method that returns a sources artifact.
+    def sources_artifact
+      sources_spec = to_spec_hash.merge(:classifier=>'sources')
+      sources_task = OptionalArtifact.define_task(Buildr.repositories.locate(sources_spec))
+      sources_task.send :apply_spec, sources_spec
+      sources_task
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   javadoc_artifact => Artifact
+    #
+    # Convenience method that returns the associated javadoc artifact
+    def javadoc_artifact
+      javadoc_spec = to_spec_hash.merge(:classifier=>'javadoc')
+      javadoc_task = OptionalArtifact.define_task(Buildr.repositories.locate(javadoc_spec))
+      javadoc_task.send :apply_spec, javadoc_spec
+      javadoc_task
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   pom_xml => string
+    #
+    # Creates POM XML for this artifact.
+    def pom_xml
+      xml = Builder::XmlMarkup.new(:indent=>2)
+      xml.instruct!
+      xml.project do
+        xml.modelVersion  '4.0.0'
+        xml.groupId       group
+        xml.artifactId    id
+        xml.version       version
+        xml.classifier    classifier if classifier
+      end
+    end
+
+    def install
+      invoke
+      in_local_repository = Buildr.repositories.locate(self)
+      if pom && pom != self && classifier.nil?
+        pom.invoke
+        pom.install
+      end
+      if name != in_local_repository
+        mkpath File.dirname(in_local_repository)
+        cp name, in_local_repository, :preserve => false
+        info "Installed #{name} to #{in_local_repository}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def uninstall
+      installed = Buildr.repositories.locate(self)
+      rm installed if File.exist?(installed)
+      pom.uninstall if pom && pom != self && classifier.nil?
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   upload
+    #   upload(url)
+    #   upload(options)
+    #
+    # Uploads the artifact, its POM and digital signatures to remote server.
+    #
+    # In the first form, uses the upload options specified by repositories.release_to.
+    # In the second form, uses a URL that includes all the relevant information.
+    # In the third form, uses a hash with the options :url, :username, :password,
+    # and :permissions. All but :url are optional.
+    def upload(upload_to = nil)
+      upload_task(upload_to).invoke
+    end
+
+    def upload_task(upload_to = nil)
+      upload_to ||= Buildr.repositories.release_to
+      upload_to = { :url=>upload_to } unless Hash === upload_to
+      raise ArgumentError, 'Don\'t know where to upload, perhaps you forgot to set repositories.release_to' unless upload_to[:url]
+
+      # Set the upload URI, including mandatory slash (we expect it to be the base directory).
+      # Username/password may be part of URI, or separate entities.
+      uri = URI.parse(upload_to[:url].clone)
+      uri.path = uri.path + '/' unless uri.path[-1] == '/'
+      uri.user = upload_to[:username] if upload_to[:username]
+      uri.password = upload_to[:password] if upload_to[:password]
+
+      path = group.gsub('.', '/') + "/#{id}/#{version}/#{File.basename(name)}"
+
+      unless task = Buildr.application.lookup(uri+path)
+        deps = [self]
+        deps << pom.upload_task( upload_to ) if pom && pom != self && classifier.nil?
+
+        task = Rake::Task.define_task uri + path => deps do
+          # Upload artifact relative to base URL, need to create path before uploading.
+          info "Deploying #{to_spec}"
+          URI.upload uri + path, name, :permissions=>upload_to[:permissions]
+        end
+      end
+      task
+    end
+
+  protected
+
+    # Apply specification to this artifact.
+    def apply_spec(spec)
+      spec = Artifact.to_hash(spec)
+      ARTIFACT_ATTRIBUTES.each { |key| instance_variable_set("@#{key}", spec[key]) }
+      self
+    end
+
+    def group_path
+      group.gsub('.', '/')
+    end
+
+  end
+
+
+  # A file task referencing an artifact in the local repository.
+  #
+  # This task includes all the artifact attributes (group, id, version, etc). It points
+  # to the artifact's path in the local repository. When invoked, it will download the
+  # artifact into the local repository if the artifact does not already exist.
+  #
+  # Note: You can enhance this task to create the artifact yourself, e.g. download it from
+  # a site that doesn't have a remote repository structure, copy it from a different disk, etc.
+  class Artifact < Rake::FileTask
+
+    # The default artifact type.
+    DEFAULT_TYPE = :jar
+
+    include ActsAsArtifact, Buildr
+
+    class << self
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   lookup(spec) => Artifact
+      #
+      # Lookup a previously registered artifact task based on its specification (String or Hash).
+      def lookup(spec)
+        @artifacts ||= {}
+        @artifacts[to_spec(spec)]
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   list => specs
+      #
+      # Returns an array of specs for all the registered artifacts. (Anything created from artifact, or package).
+      def list
+        @artifacts ||= {}
+        @artifacts.keys
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   register(artifacts) => artifacts
+      #
+      # Register an artifact task(s) for later lookup (see #lookup).
+      def register(*tasks)
+        @artifacts ||= {}
+        fail 'You can only register an artifact task, one of the arguments is not a Task that responds to to_spec' unless
+          tasks.all? { |task| task.respond_to?(:to_spec) && task.respond_to?(:invoke) }
+        tasks.each { |task| @artifacts[task.to_spec] = task }
+        tasks
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   to_hash(spec_hash) => spec_hash
+      #   to_hash(spec_string) => spec_hash
+      #   to_hash(artifact) => spec_hash
+      #
+      # Turn a spec into a hash. This method accepts a String, Hash or any object that responds to
+      # the method to_spec. There are several reasons to use this method:
+      # * You can pass anything that could possibly be a spec, and get a hash.
+      # * It will check that the spec includes the group identifier, artifact
+      #   identifier and version number and set the file type, if missing.
+      # * It will always return a new specs hash.
+      def to_hash(spec)
+        if spec.respond_to?(:to_spec)
+          to_hash spec.to_spec
+        elsif Hash === spec
+          rake_check_options spec, :id, :group, :type, :classifier, :version
+          # Sanitize the hash and check it's valid.
+          spec = ARTIFACT_ATTRIBUTES.inject({}) { |h, k| h[k] = spec[k].to_s if spec[k] ; h }
+          fail "Missing group identifier for #{spec.inspect}" unless spec[:group]
+          fail "Missing artifact identifier for #{spec.inspect}" unless spec[:id]
+          fail "Missing version for #{spec.inspect}" unless spec[:version]
+          spec[:type] = (spec[:type] || DEFAULT_TYPE).to_sym
+          spec
+        elsif String === spec
+          group, id, type, version, *rest = spec.split(':').map { |part| part.empty? ? nil : part }
+          unless rest.empty?
+            # Optional classifier comes before version.
+            classifier, version = version, rest.shift
+            fail "Expecting <group:id:type:version> or <group:id:type:classifier:version>, found <#{spec}>" unless rest.empty?
+          end
+          to_hash :group=>group, :id=>id, :type=>type, :version=>version, :classifier=>classifier
+        else
+          fail 'Expecting a String, Hash or object that responds to to_spec'
+        end
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   to_spec(spec_hash) => spec_string
+      #
+      # Convert a hash back to a spec string. This method accepts
+      # a string, hash or any object that responds to to_spec.
+      def to_spec(hash)
+        hash = to_hash(hash) unless Hash === hash
+        version = ":#{hash[:version]}" if hash[:version]
+        classifier = ":#{hash[:classifier]}" if hash[:classifier]
+        "#{hash[:group]}:#{hash[:id]}:#{hash[:type] || DEFAULT_TYPE}#{classifier}#{version}"
+      end
+
+      # :call-seq:
+      #   hash_to_file_name(spec_hash) => file_name
+      #
+      # Convert a hash spec to a file name.
+      def hash_to_file_name(hash)
+        version = "-#{hash[:version]}" if hash[:version]
+        classifier = "-#{hash[:classifier]}" if hash[:classifier]
+        "#{hash[:id]}#{version}#{classifier}.#{hash[:type] || DEFAULT_TYPE}"
+      end
+
+    end
+
+    def initialize(*args) #:nodoc:
+      super
+      enhance do |task|
+        # Default behavior: download the artifact from one of the remote repositories
+        # if the file does not exist. But this default behavior is counter productive
+        # if the artifact knows how to build itself (e.g. download from a different location),
+        # so don't perform it if the task found a different way to create the artifact.
+        task.enhance do
+          if download_needed? task
+            info "Downloading #{to_spec}"
+            download
+            pom.invoke rescue nil if pom && pom != self && classifier.nil?
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   from(path) => self
+    #
+    # Use this when you want to install or upload an artifact from a given file, for example:
+    #   test = artifact('group:id:jar:1.0').from('test.jar')
+    #   install test
+    # See also Buildr#install and Buildr#upload.
+    def from(path)
+      @from = path.is_a?(Rake::Task) ? path : File.expand_path(path.to_s)
+      enhance [@from] do
+        mkpath File.dirname(name)
+        cp @from.to_s, name
+      end
+      pom.content pom_xml unless pom == self || pom.has_content?
+      self
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   content(string) => self
+    #
+    # Use this when you want to install or upload an artifact from a given content, for example:
+    #   readme = artifact('com.example:readme:txt:1.0').content(<<-EOF
+    #     Please visit our website at http://example.com/readme
+    #   <<EOF
+    #   install readme
+    #
+    # If the argument is not a string, it will be converted to a string using to_s
+    def content(string = nil)
+      return @content unless string
+
+      unless @content
+        enhance do
+          write name, @content
+        end
+
+        class << self
+          # Force overwriting target since we don't have source file
+          # to check for timestamp modification
+          def needed?
+            true
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      @content = string
+      pom.content pom_xml unless pom == self || pom.has_content?
+      self
+    end
+
+  protected
+
+    def has_content?
+      @from || @content
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   download
+    #
+    # Downloads an artifact from one of the remote repositories, and stores it in the local
+    # repository. Raises an exception if the artifact is not found.
+    #
+    # This method attempts to download the artifact from each repository in the order in
+    # which they are returned from #remote, until successful.
+    def download
+      trace "Downloading #{to_spec}"
+      remote = Buildr.repositories.remote.map { |repo_url| URI === repo_url ? repo_url : URI.parse(repo_url) }
+      remote = remote.each { |repo_url| repo_url.path += '/' unless repo_url.path[-1] == '/' }
+      fail "Unable to download #{to_spec}. No remote repositories defined." if remote.empty?
+      exact_success = remote.find do |repo_url|
+        begin
+          path = "#{group_path}/#{id}/#{version}/#{File.basename(name)}"
+          download_artifact(repo_url + path)
+          true
+        rescue URI::NotFoundError
+          false
+        rescue Exception=>error
+          info error
+          trace error.backtrace.join("\n")
+          false
+        end
+      end
+
+      if exact_success
+        return
+      elsif snapshot?
+        download_m2_snapshot(remote)
+      else
+        fail_download(remote)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def download_m2_snapshot(remote_uris)
+      remote_uris.find do |repo_url|
+        snapshot_url = current_snapshot_repo_url(repo_url)
+        if snapshot_url
+          begin
+            download_artifact snapshot_url
+            true
+          rescue URI::NotFoundError
+            false
+          end
+        else
+          false
+        end
+      end or fail_download(remote_uris)
+    end
+
+    def current_snapshot_repo_url(repo_url)
+      begin
+        metadata_path = "#{group_path}/#{id}/#{version}/maven-metadata.xml"
+        metadata_xml = StringIO.new
+        URI.download repo_url + metadata_path, metadata_xml
+        metadata = REXML::Document.new(metadata_xml.string).root
+        timestamp = REXML::XPath.first(metadata, '//timestamp')
+        build_number = REXML::XPath.first(metadata, '//buildNumber')
+        error "No timestamp provided for the snapshot #{to_spec}" if timestamp.nil?
+        error "No build number provided for the snapshot #{to_spec}" if build_number.nil?
+        return nil if timestamp.nil? || build_number.nil?
+        snapshot_of = version[0, version.size - 9]
+        repo_url + "#{group_path}/#{id}/#{version}/#{id}-#{snapshot_of}-#{timestamp.text}-#{build_number.text}.#{type}"
+      rescue URI::NotFoundError
+        nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    def fail_download(remote_uris)
+      fail "Failed to download #{to_spec}, tried the following repositories:\n#{remote_uris.join("\n")}"
+    end
+
+   protected
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   needed?
+    #
+    # Validates whether artifact is required to be downloaded from repository
+    def needed?
+      return true if snapshot? && File.exist?(name) && (update_snapshot? || old?)
+      super
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   download_artifact
+    #
+    # Downloads artifact from given repository,
+    # supports downloading snapshot artifact with relocation on succeed to local repository
+    def download_artifact(path)
+      download_file = "#{name}.#{Time.new.to_i}"
+      begin
+        URI.download path, download_file
+        if File.exist?(download_file)
+          FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.dirname(name))
+          FileUtils.mv(download_file, name)
+        end
+      ensure
+        File.delete(download_file) if File.exist?(download_file)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   :download_needed?
+    #
+    # Validates whether artifact is required to be downloaded from repository
+    def download_needed?(task)
+      return true if !File.exist?(name)
+
+      if snapshot?
+        return false if offline? && File.exist?(name)
+        return true if update_snapshot? || old?
+      end
+
+      return false
+    end
+
+    def update_snapshot?
+      Buildr.application.options.update_snapshots
+    end
+
+    def offline?
+      Buildr.application.options.work_offline
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   old?
+    #
+    # Checks whether existing artifact is older than period from build settings or one day
+    def old?
+      settings = Buildr.application.settings
+      time_to_be_old = settings.user[:expire_time] || settings.build[:expire_time] || 60 * 60 * 24
+      File.mtime(name).to_i < (Time.new.to_i - time_to_be_old)
+    end
+
+  end
+
+
+  # An artifact that is optional.
+  # If downloading fails, the user will be informed but it will not raise an exception.
+  class OptionalArtifact < Artifact
+
+    protected
+
+    # If downloading fails, the user will be informed but it will not raise an exception.
+    def download
+      super
+    rescue
+      info "Failed to download #{to_spec}. Skipping it."
+    end
+
+  end
+
+
+  # Holds the path to the local repository, URLs for remote repositories, and settings for release server.
+  #
+  # You can access this object from the #repositories method. For example:
+  #   puts repositories.local
+  #   repositories.remote << 'http://example.com/repo'
+  #   repositories.release_to = 'sftp://example.com/var/www/public/repo'
+  class Repositories
+    include Singleton
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   local => path
+    #
+    # Returns the path to the local repository.
+    #
+    # The default path is .m2/repository relative to the home directory.
+    # You can set this using the M2_REPO environment variable or the repositories/local
+    # value in your settings.yaml file.
+    def local
+      @local ||= File.expand_path(ENV['M2_REPO'] || ENV['local_repo'] ||
+        (Buildr.settings.user['repositories'] && Buildr.settings.user['repositories']['local']) ||
+        File.join(ENV['HOME'], '.m2/repository'))
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   local = path
+    #
+    # Sets the path to the local repository.
+    #
+    # The best place to set the local repository path is from a buildr.rb file
+    # located in the .buildr directory under your home directory. That way all
+    # your projects will share the same path, without affecting other developers
+    # collaborating on these projects.
+    def local=(dir)
+      @local = dir ? File.expand_path(dir) : nil
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   locate(spec) => path
+    #
+    # Locates an artifact in the local repository based on its specification, and returns
+    # a file path.
+    #
+    # For example:
+    #   locate :group=>'log4j', :id=>'log4j', :version=>'1.1'
+    #     => ~/.m2/repository/log4j/log4j/1.1/log4j-1.1.jar
+    def locate(spec)
+      spec = Artifact.to_hash(spec)
+      File.join(local, spec[:group].split('.'), spec[:id], spec[:version], Artifact.hash_to_file_name(spec))
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   remote => Array
+    #
+    # Returns an array of all the remote repository URLs.
+    #
+    # When downloading artifacts, repositories are accessed in the order in which they appear here.
+    # The best way is to add repositories individually, for example:
+    #   repositories.remote << 'http://example.com/repo'
+    #
+    # You can also specify remote repositories in the settings.yaml (per user) and build.yaml (per build)
+    # files.  Both sets of URLs are loaded by default into this array, URLs from the personal setting
+    # showing first.
+    #
+    # For example:
+    #   repositories:
+    #     remote:
+    #     - http://example.com/repo
+    #     - http://elsewhere.com/repo
+    def remote
+      unless @remote
+        @remote = [Buildr.settings.user, Buildr.settings.build].inject([]) { |repos, hash|
+          repos | Array(hash['repositories'] && hash['repositories']['remote'])
+        }
+      end
+      @remote
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   remote = Array
+    #   remote = url
+    #   remote = nil
+    #
+    # With a String argument, clears the array and set it to that single URL.
+    #
+    # With an Array argument, clears the array and set it to these specific URLs.
+    #
+    # With nil, clears the array.
+    def remote=(urls)
+      case urls
+      when nil then @remote = nil
+      when Array then @remote = urls.dup
+      else @remote = [urls.to_s]
+      end
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   release_to = url
+    #   release_to = hash
+    #
+    # Specifies the release server. Accepts a Hash with different repository settings
+    # (e.g. url, username, password), or a String to only set the repository URL.
+    #
+    # Besides the URL, all other settings depend on the transport protocol in use.
+    #
+    # For example:
+    #   repositories.release_to = 'sftp://john:secret@example.com/var/www/repo/'
+    #
+    #   repositories.release_to = { :url=>'sftp://example.com/var/www/repo/',
+    #                                :username='john', :password=>'secret' }
+    # Or in the settings.yaml file:
+    #   repositories:
+    #     release_to: sftp://john:secret@example.com/var/www/repo/
+    #
+    #   repositories:
+    #     release_to:
+    #       url: sftp://example.com/var/www/repo/
+    #       username: john
+    #       password: secret
+    def release_to=(options)
+      options = { :url=>options } unless Hash === options
+      @release_to = options
+    end
+
+    # :call-seq:
+    #   release_to => hash
+    #
+    # Returns the current release server setting as a Hash. This is a more convenient way to
+    # configure the settings, as it allows you to specify the settings progressively.
+    #
+    # For example, the Buildfile will contain the repository URL used by all developers:
+    #   repositories.release_to[:url] ||= 'sftp://example.com/var/www/repo'
+    # Your private buildr.rb will contain your credentials:
+    #   repositories.release_to[:username] = 'john'
+    #   repositories.release_to[:password] = 'secret'
+    def release_to
+      unless @release_to
+        value = (Buildr.settings.user['repositories'] && Buildr.settings.user['repositories']['release_to']) \
+          || (Buildr.settings.build['repositories'] && Buildr.settings.build['repositories']['release_to'])
+        @release_to = Hash === value ? value.inject({}) { |hash, (key, value)| hash.update(key.to_sym=>value) } : { :url=>Array(value).first }
+      end
+      @release_to
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #    repositories => Repositories
+  #
+  # Returns an object you can use for setting the local repository path, remote repositories
+  # URL and release server settings.
+  #
+  # See Repositories.
+  def repositories
+    Repositories.instance
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   artifact(spec) => Artifact
+  #   artifact(spec) { |task| ... } => Artifact
+  #
+  # Creates a file task to download and install the specified artifact in the local repository.
+  #
+  # You can use a String or a Hash for the artifact specification. The file task will point at
+  # the artifact's path inside the local repository. You can then use this tasks as a prerequisite
+  # for other tasks.
+  #
+  # This task will download and install the artifact only once. In fact, it will download and
+  # install the artifact if the artifact does not already exist. You can enhance it if you have
+  # a different way of creating the artifact in the local repository. See Artifact for more details.
+  #
+  # For example, to specify an artifact:
+  #   artifact('log4j:log4j:jar:1.1')
+  #
+  # To use the artifact in a task:
+  #   compile.with artifact('log4j:log4j:jar:1.1')
+  #
+  # To specify an artifact and the means for creating it:
+  #   download(artifact('dojo:dojo-widget:zip:2.0')=>
+  #     'http://download.dojotoolkit.org/release-2.0/dojo-2.0-widget.zip')
+  def artifact(spec, path = nil, &block) #:yields:task
+    spec = artifact_ns.fetch(spec) if spec.kind_of?(Symbol)
+    spec = Artifact.to_hash(spec)
+    unless task = Artifact.lookup(spec)
+      task = Artifact.define_task(path || repositories.locate(spec))
+      task.send :apply_spec, spec
+      Rake::Task['rake:artifacts'].enhance [task]
+      Artifact.register(task)
+      unless spec[:type] == :pom
+        Rake::Task['artifacts:sources'].enhance [task.sources_artifact]
+        Rake::Task['artifacts:javadoc'].enhance [task.javadoc_artifact]
+      end
+    end
+    task.enhance &block
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   artifacts(*spec) => artifacts
+  #
+  # Handles multiple artifacts at a time. This method is the plural equivalent of
+  # #artifact, but can do more things.
+  #
+  # Returns an array of artifacts built using the supplied
+  # specifications, each of which can be:
+  # * An artifact specification (String or Hash). Returns the appropriate Artifact task.
+  # * An artifact of any other task. Returns the task as is.
+  # * A project. Returns all artifacts created (packaged) by that project.
+  # * A string. Returns that string, assumed to be a file name.
+  # * An array of artifacts or a Struct.
+  # * A symbol. Returns the named artifact from the current ArtifactNamespace
+  #
+  # For example, handling a collection of artifacts:
+  #   xml = [ xerces, xalan, jaxp ]
+  #   ws = [ axis, jax-ws, jaxb ]
+  #   db = [ jpa, mysql, sqltools ]
+  #   artifacts(xml, ws, db)
+  #
+  # Using artifacts created by a project:
+  #   artifacts project('my-app')               # All packages
+  #   artifacts project('my-app').package(:war) # Only the WAR
+  def artifacts(*specs, &block)
+    specs.flatten.inject([]) do |set, spec|
+      case spec
+      when ArtifactNamespace
+        set |= spec.artifacts
+      when Symbol, Hash
+        set |= [artifact(spec)]
+      when /([^:]+:){2,4}/ # A spec as opposed to a file name.
+        set |= [artifact(spec)]
+      when String # Must always expand path.
+        set |= [File.expand_path(spec)]
+      when Project
+        set |= artifacts(spec.packages)
+      when Rake::Task
+        set |= [spec]
+      when Struct
+        set |= artifacts(spec.values)
+      else
+        fail "Invalid artifact specification in #{specs.inspect}"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def transitive(*specs)
+    specs.flatten.inject([]) do |set, spec|
+      case spec
+      when /([^:]+:){2,4}/ # A spec as opposed to a file name.
+        artifact = artifact(spec)
+        set |= [artifact] unless artifact.type == :pom
+        set |= POM.load(artifact.pom).dependencies.map { |spec| artifact(spec) }
+      when Hash
+        set |= [transitive(spec)]
+      when String # Must always expand path.
+        set |= transitive(file(File.expand_path(spec)))
+      when Project
+        set |= transitive(spec.packages)
+      when Rake::Task
+        set |= spec.respond_to?(:to_spec) ? transitive(spec.to_spec) : [spec]
+      when Struct
+        set |= transitive(spec.values)
+      else
+        fail "Invalid artifact specification in: #{specs.to_s}"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   group(ids, :under=>group_name, :version=>number) => artifacts
+  #
+  # Convenience method for defining multiple artifacts that belong to the same group, type and version.
+  # Accepts multiple artifact identifiers followed by two or three hash values:
+  # * :under -- The group identifier
+  # * :version -- The version number
+  # * :type -- The artifact type (optional)
+  # * :classifier -- The artifact classifier (optional)
+  #
+  # For example:
+  #   group 'xbean', 'xbean_xpath', 'xmlpublic', :under=>'xmlbeans', :version=>'2.1.0'
+  # Or:
+  #   group %w{xbean xbean_xpath xmlpublic}, :under=>'xmlbeans', :version=>'2.1.0'
+  def group(*args)
+    hash = args.pop
+    args.flatten.map do |id|
+      artifact :group   => hash[:under],
+               :type    => hash[:type],
+               :version => hash[:version],
+               :classifier => hash[:classifier],
+               :id => id
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   install(artifacts) => install_task
+  #
+  # Installs the specified artifacts in the local repository as part of the install task.
+  #
+  # You can use this to install various files in the local repository, for example:
+  #   install artifact('group:id:jar:1.0').from('some_jar.jar')
+  #   $ buildr install
+  def install(*args, &block)
+    artifacts = artifacts(args).uniq
+    raise ArgumentError, 'This method can only install artifacts' unless artifacts.all? { |f| f.respond_to?(:to_spec) }
+    task('install').tap do |install|
+      install.enhance(artifacts) do
+        artifacts.each(&:install)
+      end
+      install.enhance &block if block
+      task('uninstall') do
+        artifacts.map(&:to_s ).each { |file| rm file if File.exist?(file) }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   upload(artifacts)
+  #
+  # Uploads the specified artifacts to the release server as part of the upload task.
+  #
+  # You can use this to upload various files to the release server, for example:
+  #   upload artifact('group:id:jar:1.0').from('some_jar.jar')
+  #   $ buildr upload
+  def upload(*args, &block)
+    artifacts = artifacts(args)
+    raise ArgumentError, 'This method can only upload artifacts' unless artifacts.all? { |f| f.respond_to?(:to_spec) }
+    upload_artifacts_tasks = artifacts.map { |artifact| artifact.upload_task }
+    task('upload').tap do |task|
+      task.enhance &block if block
+      task.enhance upload_artifacts_tasks
+    end
+  end
+
+end