brut 0.0.28 → 0.0.29

data/docs/end-to-end-tests.html

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@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">end</span></span></code></pre></div><p><code>playwright-ruby-client</code> provides excellent documentation on how it has adapter Playwright&#39;s API for use in Ruby.</p><h3 id="test-setup" tabindex="-1">Test Setup <a class="header-anchor" href="#test-setup" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Test Setup&quot;">​</a></h3><p>Brut will run your app via <a href="/api/Brut/SpecSupport/E2ETestServer.html" target="_self" rel="noopener" data-no-router><code>Brut::SpecSupport::E2ETestServer</code></a>. It will run it before the first e2e test, leave it running during the remainder of the test suite, then stop it. This means that database changes your test makes will persist across tests.</p><p>If you are using Sidekiq, Sidekiq will be set up like normal. Jobs queued will go to Redis, and those jobs will be processed by Sidekiq, just like in production. Thus, you should not assert things about specific jobs, but rather assert the effects those jobs will have. Redis is flushed between each test.</p><h3 id="test-helpers-and-configuration" tabindex="-1">Test Helpers and Configuration <a class="header-anchor" href="#test-helpers-and-configuration" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Test Helpers and Configuration&quot;">​</a></h3><p>Inside your test, <code>t</code> is available to produce translations. You can also access all your page and handler classes, so you can (and should) use <code>.routing</code>, e.g. <code>DashboardPage.routing</code>, to generate or access routes for your app.</p><p>You can set <code>e2e_timeout</code> on any test to override the default amount of time Playwright will wait for a locator to locate an element. The default is 5 seconds. `, to generate or access routes for your app. You can also configure behavior with environment variables:</p><table tabindex="0"><thead><tr><th>Variable</th><th>Default</th><th>Purpose</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>E2E_TIMEOUT_MS</code></td><td>5000</td><td>Number of milliseconds Playwright will wait for a locator to appear</td></tr><tr><td><code>E2E_SLOW_MO</code></td><td>0</td><td>Number of milliseconds Playwright will pause between operations. Useful to detect race conditions</td></tr><tr><td><code>E2E_RECORD_VIDEOS</code></td><td>unset</td><td>If set, videos of each test run are saved in <code>tmp/e2e-videos</code></td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="quirks-of-playwright" tabindex="-1">Quirks of Playwright <a class="header-anchor" href="#quirks-of-playwright" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Quirks of Playwright&quot;">​</a></h3><p>The Playwright JavaScript API is heavily asycnhronous, requiring liberal use of <code>await</code>. The <code>playwright-ruby-client</code> wrapper abstracts that so you can write more straightfoward code.</p><p>The main thing to be aware of is that locators that fail only fail when you attempt to assert something.</p><p>For example</p><div class="language-ruby vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">ruby</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">button</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;"> = page.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">locator</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF;">&quot;form button&quot;</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"># suppose this button doesn&#39;t exist</span></span>
 <span class="line"></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">button.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">click</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;"> # This is where you&#39;ll see a failure</span></span></code></pre></div><p>This hidden asynchronous behavior also means that certain calls will wait a period of time for the element you are locating to appear. This is why the example test above works without having to explicitly wait for a page refresh. After <code>button.click</code>, presumably the back-end is contacted and the page is re-rendered with an error. As long as that happens within a second or so, the code will wait for an element matching <code>[role=&#39;alert&#39;]</code> to show up.</p><h2 id="recommended-practices" tabindex="-1">Recommended Practices <a class="header-anchor" href="#recommended-practices" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Recommended Practices&quot;">​</a></h2><p>E2e tests are slow. They can also be flaky if you aren&#39;t careful in how you write them and how you author your HTML.</p><h3 id="test-major-flows-not-exhaustive-branches" tabindex="-1">Test Major Flows, Not Exhaustive Branches <a class="header-anchor" href="#test-major-flows-not-exhaustive-branches" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Test Major Flows, Not Exhaustive Branches&quot;">​</a></h3><p>E2e tests give the most value when they assert that a sequence of actions the visitor takes result in what you expect—a &quot;major flow&quot;. Testing some error cases can be useful, but you should not use e2e tests to assert every single possible thing that could happen on a page.</p><p>In fact, your app might be better off leaving some behaviors better untested instead of tested by an e2e test. Use your judgement and be aware of the carrying cost of each e2e test.</p><h3 id="use-css-selectors" tabindex="-1">Use CSS Selectors <a class="header-anchor" href="#use-css-selectors" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Use CSS Selectors&quot;">​</a></h3><p>The main Playwright documentation encourages you to locate elements by &quot;accessible names&quot; and other indirect ways of finding elements. In practice, this is error prone and tedious. Determining the accessible name of an element is not always easy.</p><p>We recommend you assess your app&#39;s accssibility in another way than trying to do it while performing end-to-end tests. Instead, locate elements with CSS selectors—this is what you&#39;d use to debug your app so it makes sense as a testing technique.</p><p>Insulating your end-to-end tests from markup changes does not produce significant savinsg and can make tests more difficult to write.</p><h3 id="testing-must-inform-your-html" tabindex="-1">Testing Must Inform your HTML <a class="header-anchor" href="#testing-must-inform-your-html" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Testing Must Inform your HTML&quot;">​</a></h3><p>To allow CSS selectors to survive minor changes to a page, your HTML should be authored with testing in mind. In the example above, we locate the flash by looking for <code>[role=&#39;alert&#39;]</code>, since this is the most semantically correct way to mark up a flash message that contains an error.</p><p>ARIA roles that should be applied for accessibility purposes can be leveraged as locators, as can custom elements. Remember that any custom element is valid, even if it has no associated JavaScript. Custom elements are an excellent way to &quot;tag&quot; markup for use in tests or progressively-enhanced behavior.</p><p>CSS classes, on the other hand, are not a good candidate for identifying markup in a test. CSS classes exist to afford visual styling of elements and are the most likely to change as the app evolves. A better fallback if there is no other way to locate an element is to use <code>data-testid</code>. It makes itself painfully clear why it&#39;s there. Use this sparingly, but it&#39;s there if you need it.</p><h3 id="asserting-the-lack-of-content-basically-doesn-t-work" tabindex="-1">Asserting the Lack of Content Basically Doesn&#39;t Work <a class="header-anchor" href="#asserting-the-lack-of-content-basically-doesn-t-work" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Asserting the Lack of Content Basically Doesn&#39;t Work&quot;">​</a></h3><p>To assert that some content or an element <strong>is not</strong> on the page requires locating it and waiting the timeout for that locate to fail. This sucks. Don&#39;t do it.</p><p>If you need to assert that something did not happen, you may want to design your page or app such that markup appears that indicates whatever it is didn&#39;t happen. This is not ideal, but a web page is a living thing that never stops changing, so your test can&#39;t just assume it&#39;s all synchronous.</p><h3 id="try-to-use-the-defaults-for-timeouts" tabindex="-1">Try to Use the Defaults for Timeouts <a class="header-anchor" href="#try-to-use-the-defaults-for-timeouts" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Try to Use the Defaults for Timeouts&quot;">​</a></h3><p>Your app should not take 5 seconds to do anythning, especially not inside a test. You may need to bump up the timeout to figure out what&#39;s going wrong, or set <code>E2E_SLOW_MO</code> to watch a video test, but once you&#39;ve sorted out the issue, restore these to their defaults.</p><p>If you <em>must</em> set <code>e2e_timeout</code> as metadata on test, <strong>explain why</strong> and try removing it every so often to make sure it&#39;s still needed.</p><h2 id="technical-notes" tabindex="-1">Technical Notes <a class="header-anchor" href="#technical-notes" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Technical Notes&quot;">​</a></h2><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p>Technical Notes are for deeper understanding and debugging. While we will try to keep them up-to-date with changes to Brut&#39;s internals, the source code is always more correct.</p></div><p><em>Last Updated June 13, 2025</em></p><p>The test server is run bin <code>bin/test-server</code>, which is why Sidekiq will be running when your app is running for an e2e test.</p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-e6f2a212 data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/unit-tests.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Unit Tests</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/custom-element-tests.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Testing Custom Elements</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;">  # ...</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">end</span></span></code></pre></div><p>Brut&#39;s configuration system is discussed in more detail in <a href="/configuration.html">Configuration</a>.</p><h2 id="testing" tabindex="-1">Testing <a class="header-anchor" href="#testing" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Testing&quot;">​</a></h2><p>Testing your session or flash classes may not be super valuable, however they are normal Ruby objects so you can test them in a conventional way. Both classes treat their internals as a Hash, so you can implement and assert via the <code>[]</code> and <code>[]=</code> methods.</p><h2 id="recommended-practices" tabindex="-1">Recommended Practices <a class="header-anchor" href="#recommended-practices" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Recommended Practices&quot;">​</a></h2><p>While you can use both the flash and the session has a hash of whatever, your are encouraged to avoid this in your production code. Create well-defined attributes or methods to manipulate these objects using the language of your domain.</p><h2 id="technical-notes" tabindex="-1">Technical Notes <a class="header-anchor" href="#technical-notes" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Technical Notes&quot;">​</a></h2><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p>Technical Notes are for deeper understanding and debugging. While we will try to keep them up-to-date with changes to Brut&#39;s internals, the source code is always more correct.</p></div><p><em>Last Updated May 7, 2025</em></p><p>The session is based on <a href="https://github.com/rack/rack-session" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"><code>Rack::Session</code></a>, which is configured explicitly in your app&#39;s <code>config.ru</code>. (TBD: WHY?)</p><p>The session object itself is created on demand for any route hook that needs it. Since <a href="/api/Brut/FrontEnd/RouteHooks/SetupRequestContext.html" target="_self" rel="noopener" data-no-router><code>Brut::FrontEnd::RouteHooks::SetupRequestContext</code></a> requires the session, the <a href="/api/Brut/FrontEnd/RequestContext.html" target="_self" rel="noopener" data-no-router><code>Brut::FrontEnd::RequestContext</code></a> is created here and given the session (and flash) that is used for subsequent hooks and HTML generation.</p><p>The flash is created largely on-demand and is a special hash serialized into the session. The hash contains the current age of the flash and then all the messages. This format could use improvement and may change. <a href="/api/Brut/FrontEnd/RouteHooks/AgeFlash.html" target="_self" rel="noopener" data-no-router><code>Brut::FrontEnd::RouteHooks::AgeFlash</code></a> is a route hook that handles increasing the age of the flash, however the flash itself controls when to &quot;age out&quot; messages. None of this is currently configurable.</p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-e6f2a212 data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/components.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Components</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/space-time-continuum.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Space/Time Continuum</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">)</span></span></code></pre></div><p>This can be quite complicated when editing sparse data. Brut should do a decent job raising an error if you try to treat a non-array value as an array or vice-versa.</p><h2 id="testing" tabindex="-1">Testing <a class="header-anchor" href="#testing" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Testing&quot;">​</a></h2><p>Form classes don&#39;t need any logic on them, but they can be given helper methods or other logic if it makes sense. To test them, test them like any other class - instantiate an object and examine the behavior of its methods.</p><p>Note that Brut provides the constructor for all form classes, and it expects a single keyword parameter named <code>params:</code> that is a hash mapping strings to strings representing the submitted form data. The keys can be symbols and Brut will map them to strings.</p><p>Testing handlers is covered in <a href="/handlers.html">Handlers</a></p><p>When testing the UX around constraint violations, you should use an end-to-end test, as this will allow you to assert behavior around client-side constraint violations. This is discussed in <a href="/end-to-end-tests.html">End-to-end Tests</a>.</p><h2 id="recommended-practices" tabindex="-1">Recommended Practices <a class="header-anchor" href="#recommended-practices" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Recommended Practices&quot;">​</a></h2><h3 id="make-use-of-components" tabindex="-1">Make Use of Components <a class="header-anchor" href="#make-use-of-components" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Make Use of Components&quot;">​</a></h3><p>The example we saw above creates only minimal markup, yet required a fair bit of code. You are encouraged to create your own components that generate the markup you need for your app&#39;s inputs. For example, you are likely going to want <code>app/src/front_end/components/text_field_component.rb</code> to generate whatever markup is needed fo your text fields to look how they are supposed to, with and without constraint violation messages.</p><h3 id="functional-or-utility-css-is-difficult-here" tabindex="-1">Functional or Utility CSS Is Difficult Here <a class="header-anchor" href="#functional-or-utility-css-is-difficult-here" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Functional or Utility CSS Is Difficult Here&quot;">​</a></h3><p>The way constraint violations are implemented leverages the web platform, which naturally includes conventional use of CSS. This creates an &quot;impedance mismatch&quot; with functional or utility CSS like Tailwind.</p><p>While it may be possible to write a bunch of single-purpose classes to target the markup and attributes Brut generates, it may be easier to write conventional CSS for constraint violations.</p><p>To avoid duplication, you should leverage the custom properties of your CSS framework. For example:</p><div class="language-css vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">css</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D;">input</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">[</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0;">data-invalid</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">] {</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">  color</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF;">var</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70;">--color-red</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">);</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><p>In theory, your design for form inputs will be done once and be relatively stable. But, this is the downside of using CSS frameworks that eschew using CSS directly. You will need to manage this.</p><h2 id="technical-notes" tabindex="-1">Technical Notes <a class="header-anchor" href="#technical-notes" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Technical Notes&quot;">​</a></h2><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p>Technical Notes are for deeper understanding and debugging. While we will try to keep them up-to-date with changes to Brut&#39;s internals, the source code is always more correct.</p></div><p><em>Last Updated May 13, 2025</em></p><p>Form internals try to coerce types to strings, since the web and HTTP is all strings all the time. Empty strings are coerced to <code>nil</code>. If the form&#39;s <code>params:</code> value contains any type Brut cannot deal with, you&#39;ll get an exception during tests and a notice/event in production.</p><p>For HTML generation, there are few classes that work together:</p><ul><li><em>input definitions</em> define an input and tend to provide an API similar to HTML&#39;s. See <a href="/api/Brut/FrontEnd/Forms/InputDefinition.html" target="_self" rel="noopener" data-no-router><code>Brut::FrontEnd::Forms::InputDefinition</code></a>.</li><li><em>inputs</em> represent the runtime state of an input from the browser. Whereas an input definition has no state, the input does. It delegates much of its behavior to the underlying input definition. It&#39;s <code>value=</code> method performs client-side constraint validations by creating a <code>ValidityState</code> internally. See <a href="/api/Brut/FrontEnd/Forms/Input.html" target="_self" rel="noopener" data-no-router><code>Brut::FrontEnd::Forms::Input</code></a>.</li><li><a href="/api/Brut/FrontEnd/Forms/InputDeclarations.html" target="_self" rel="noopener" data-no-router><code>Brut::FrontEnd::Forms::InputDeclarations</code></a> is a module that allows creating input definitions inside your form class. It implements the class methods like <code>input</code>.</li><li><a href="/api/Brut/FrontEnd/Components/Inputs.html" target="_self" rel="noopener" data-no-router><code>Brut::FrontEnd::Components::Inputs</code></a> contains components used to generate <code>&lt;input&gt;</code> fields. These classes will coerce the value of the <code>input</code> they are given to generate the correct HTML.</li></ul></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-e6f2a212 data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/layouts.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Layouts</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/handlers.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Handlers and Actions</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@
 <span class="line"><span>       -it \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       thirdtank/mkbrut \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       mkbrut my-new-app</span></span></code></pre></div><p>If you already have Ruby 3.4 installed, you can install <code>mkbrut</code> directly:</p><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>&gt; gem install mkbrut</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>&gt; mkbrut my-new-app</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="init-your-app" tabindex="-1">Init Your App <a class="header-anchor" href="#init-your-app" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Init Your App&quot;">​</a></h2><p>A Brut app just needs a name, which will be used to derive a few more useful values. For now:</p><div class="vp-code-group vp-adaptive-theme"><div class="tabs"><input type="radio" name="group-DhvBW" id="tab-1HI53Fz" checked><label data-title="Docker-based" for="tab-1HI53Fz">Docker-based</label><input type="radio" name="group-DhvBW" id="tab-K7zmc_H"><label data-title="RubyGems-based" for="tab-K7zmc_H">RubyGems-based</label></div><div class="blocks"><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme active"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>docker run \</span></span>
+<span class="line"><span>&gt; mkbrut my-new-app</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="init-your-app" tabindex="-1">Init Your App <a class="header-anchor" href="#init-your-app" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Init Your App&quot;">​</a></h2><p>A Brut app just needs a name, which will be used to derive a few more useful values. For now:</p><div class="vp-code-group vp-adaptive-theme"><div class="tabs"><input type="radio" name="group-GxBbJ" id="tab-z5MzsdZ" checked><label data-title="Docker-based" for="tab-z5MzsdZ">Docker-based</label><input type="radio" name="group-GxBbJ" id="tab-YOC99E9"><label data-title="RubyGems-based" for="tab-YOC99E9">RubyGems-based</label></div><div class="blocks"><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme active"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>docker run \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       -v &quot;$PWD&quot;:&quot;$PWD&quot; \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       -w &quot;$PWD&quot; \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       -it \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       thirdtank/mkbrut \</span></span>
-<span class="line"><span>       mkbrut my-new-app</span></span></code></pre></div><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>mkbrut my-new-app</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div><p>This will create your new app, along with some demo routes, components, handlers, and tests. If this is your first time using Brut, we recommend you examine these demo components.</p><p>To create your app without the demo components:</p><div class="vp-code-group vp-adaptive-theme"><div class="tabs"><input type="radio" name="group-AX0Sw" id="tab-g0Iaulv" checked><label data-title="Docker-based" for="tab-g0Iaulv">Docker-based</label><input type="radio" name="group-AX0Sw" id="tab-D830oAh"><label data-title="RubyGems-based" for="tab-D830oAh">RubyGems-based</label></div><div class="blocks"><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme active"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>docker run \</span></span>
+<span class="line"><span>       mkbrut my-new-app</span></span></code></pre></div><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>mkbrut my-new-app</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div><p>This will create your new app, along with some demo routes, components, handlers, and tests. If this is your first time using Brut, we recommend you examine these demo components.</p><p>To create your app without the demo components:</p><div class="vp-code-group vp-adaptive-theme"><div class="tabs"><input type="radio" name="group-9f-sX" id="tab-TJslFtx" checked><label data-title="Docker-based" for="tab-TJslFtx">Docker-based</label><input type="radio" name="group-9f-sX" id="tab-YVrabuP"><label data-title="RubyGems-based" for="tab-YVrabuP">RubyGems-based</label></div><div class="blocks"><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme active"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>docker run \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       -v &quot;$PWD&quot;:&quot;$PWD&quot; \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       -w &quot;$PWD&quot; \</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span>       -it \</span></span>
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">      end</span></span>
 <span class="line"></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D;">      # ...</span></span></code></pre></div><p>When you reload your browser, you&#39;ll see your change</p><h2 id="run-the-tests" tabindex="-1">Run the Tests <a class="header-anchor" href="#run-the-tests" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Run the Tests&quot;">​</a></h2><p>There are a few tests you can run, as well as some checks that you aren&#39;t using RubyGems with security vulnerabilities. Run it all now with <code>bin/ci</code>:</p><div class="language- vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang"></span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark vp-code" tabindex="0"><code><span class="line"><span>inside-container&gt; bin/dev</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="now-build-the-rest-of-your-app-🦉" tabindex="-1">Now Build The Rest of Your App 🦉 <a class="header-anchor" href="#now-build-the-rest-of-your-app-🦉" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Now Build The Rest of Your App 🦉&quot;">​</a></h2><p>You can <a href="/tutorial.html">follow the tutorial</a>, check out the <a href="/overview.html">conceptual overview</a>, or dive straight into the API docs. You might also want to check out the docs for <a href="/lsp.html">LSP Support</a>.</p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-e6f2a212 data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><!----></div><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/overview.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Concepts</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">    end</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">  end</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">end</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="recommended-practices" tabindex="-1">Recommended Practices <a class="header-anchor" href="#recommended-practices" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Recommended Practices&quot;">​</a></h2><p>You should avoid having business logic in your handlers. Since handlers bridge the gap between HTTP and your app, their API is naturally simplistic and String-based. The handler should defer to business logic (which can be done by either passing the form object directly, or extracting its data and passing that). Based on the response, the handler will then decide what HTTP response is approriate.</p><p>This means that your handlers will be relatively simple and their tests will as well. It does mean that their tests may require the use of mocks or stubs, but that&#39;s fine. Mocks and stubs exist for a reason.</p><h2 id="technical-notes" tabindex="-1">Technical Notes <a class="header-anchor" href="#technical-notes" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Technical Notes&quot;">​</a></h2><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p>Technical Notes are for deeper understanding and debugging. While we will try to keep them up-to-date with changes to Brut&#39;s internals, the source code is always more correct.</p></div><p><em>Last Updated May 5, 2025</em></p><p>None at this time.</p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-e6f2a212 data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/forms.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Forms</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/components.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Components</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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 <span class="line"></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">  end</span></span>
 <span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583;">end</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="testing" tabindex="-1">Testing <a class="header-anchor" href="#testing" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Testing&quot;">​</a></h2><p>Route hooks are normal classes, you could test them as you would a handler or other class. This may be advisable for complex hooks, however it may be more realistic to test their behavior through end-to-end tests as this will ensure they are configured correctly in the context of the app.</p><h2 id="recommended-practices" tabindex="-1">Recommended Practices <a class="header-anchor" href="#recommended-practices" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Recommended Practices&quot;">​</a></h2><p>Route hooks and <a href="/pages.html#hooks">page hooks</a> serve similar purposes, so logic in one can be placed in other other at your discretion. We recommend you use route hooks for cross-cutting issues across the entire app, such as login checks or for adding context to a request.</p><p>For page- or use-case-specific behavior, it may be better to put the logic in a page hook.</p><h2 id="technical-notes" tabindex="-1">Technical Notes <a class="header-anchor" href="#technical-notes" aria-label="Permalink to &quot;Technical Notes&quot;">​</a></h2><div class="important custom-block github-alert"><p class="custom-block-title">IMPORTANT</p><p>Technical Notes are for deeper understanding and debugging. While we will try to keep them up-to-date with changes to Brut&#39;s internals, the source code is always more correct.</p></div><p><em>Last Updated June 12, 2025</em></p><p>Route hooks and Middlewares do not share implementations, however they are similar in concept. These concepts may be unified in the future.</p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-e6f2a212 data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><!--]--><!----><nav class="prev-next" aria-labelledby="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-footer-aria-label" data-v-1bcd8184>Pager</span><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/custom-element-tests.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Previous page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Testing Custom Elements</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-1bcd8184><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/middleware.html" data-v-1bcd8184><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-1bcd8184>Next page</span><span class="title" data-v-1bcd8184>Middleware</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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