briard 2.7.0 → 2.7.1

data/lib/briard/utils.rb

@@ -3,486 +3,486 @@
 module Briard
   module Utils
     NORMALIZED_LICENSES = {
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/2.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/2.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/2.5" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/2.5/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/3.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/3.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/4.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/4.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/1.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/1.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/1.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/1.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.5" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.5/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/1.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/1.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain" => "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/",
-      "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0" => "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode",
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/1.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.5/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/2.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/2.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/2.5' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/2.5/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/3.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/3.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/4.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/4.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/1.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/1.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/1.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/1.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.5' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.5/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/1.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/1.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain' => 'https://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/',
+      'https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0' => 'https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode'
     }
 
     DC_TO_SO_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Audiovisual" => "MediaObject",
-      "Book" => "Book",
-      "BookChapter" => "Chapter",
-      "Collection" => "Collection",
-      "ComputationalNotebook" => "SoftwareSourceCode",
-      "ConferencePaper" => "Article",
-      "ConferenceProceeding" => "Periodical",
-      "DataPaper" => "Article",
-      "Dataset" => "Dataset",
-      "Dissertation" => "Thesis",
-      "Event" => "Event",
-      "Image" => "ImageObject",
-      "InteractiveResource" => nil,
-      "Journal" => "Periodical",
-      "JournalArticle" => "ScholarlyArticle",
-      "Model" => nil,
-      "OutputManagementPlan" => nil,
-      "PeerReview" => "Review",
-      "PhysicalObject" => nil,
-      "Preprint" => nil,
-      "Report" => "Report",
-      "Service" => "Service",
-      "Software" => "SoftwareSourceCode",
-      "Sound" => "AudioObject",
-      "Standard" => nil,
-      "Text" => "ScholarlyArticle",
-      "Workflow" => nil,
-      "Other" => "CreativeWork",
+      'Audiovisual' => 'MediaObject',
+      'Book' => 'Book',
+      'BookChapter' => 'Chapter',
+      'Collection' => 'Collection',
+      'ComputationalNotebook' => 'SoftwareSourceCode',
+      'ConferencePaper' => 'Article',
+      'ConferenceProceeding' => 'Periodical',
+      'DataPaper' => 'Article',
+      'Dataset' => 'Dataset',
+      'Dissertation' => 'Thesis',
+      'Event' => 'Event',
+      'Image' => 'ImageObject',
+      'InteractiveResource' => nil,
+      'Journal' => 'Periodical',
+      'JournalArticle' => 'ScholarlyArticle',
+      'Model' => nil,
+      'OutputManagementPlan' => nil,
+      'PeerReview' => 'Review',
+      'PhysicalObject' => nil,
+      'Preprint' => nil,
+      'Report' => 'Report',
+      'Service' => 'Service',
+      'Software' => 'SoftwareSourceCode',
+      'Sound' => 'AudioObject',
+      'Standard' => nil,
+      'Text' => 'ScholarlyArticle',
+      'Workflow' => nil,
+      'Other' => 'CreativeWork',
       # not part of DataCite schema, but used internally
-      "Periodical" => "Periodical",
-      "DataCatalog" => "DataCatalog"
+      'Periodical' => 'Periodical',
+      'DataCatalog' => 'DataCatalog'
     }
 
     DC_TO_CP_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Audiovisual" => "motion_picture",
-      "Book" => "book",
-      "BookChapter" => "chapter",
-      "Collection" => nil,
-      "ComputationalNotebook" => nil,
-      "ConferencePaper" => "paper_conference",
-      "ConferenceProceeding" => nil,
-      "DataPaper" => "report",
-      "Dataset" => "dataset",
-      "Dissertation" => nil,
-      "Event" => nil,
-      "Image" => "graphic",
-      "InteractiveResource" => nil,
-      "Journal" => nil,
-      "JournalArticle" => "article-journal",
-      "Model" => nil,
-      "OutputManagementPlan" => nil,
-      "PeerReview" => "review",
-      "PhysicalObject" => nil,
-      "Preprint" => nil,
-      "Report" => "report",
-      "Service" => nil,
-      "Sound" => "song",
-      "Standard" => nil,
-      "Text" => "report",
-      "Workflow" => nil,
-      "Other" => nil
+      'Audiovisual' => 'motion_picture',
+      'Book' => 'book',
+      'BookChapter' => 'chapter',
+      'Collection' => nil,
+      'ComputationalNotebook' => nil,
+      'ConferencePaper' => 'paper_conference',
+      'ConferenceProceeding' => nil,
+      'DataPaper' => 'report',
+      'Dataset' => 'dataset',
+      'Dissertation' => nil,
+      'Event' => nil,
+      'Image' => 'graphic',
+      'InteractiveResource' => nil,
+      'Journal' => nil,
+      'JournalArticle' => 'article-journal',
+      'Model' => nil,
+      'OutputManagementPlan' => nil,
+      'PeerReview' => 'review',
+      'PhysicalObject' => nil,
+      'Preprint' => nil,
+      'Report' => 'report',
+      'Service' => nil,
+      'Sound' => 'song',
+      'Standard' => nil,
+      'Text' => 'report',
+      'Workflow' => nil,
+      'Other' => nil
     }
 
     CR_TO_CP_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Proceedings" => nil,
-      "ReferenceBook" => nil,
-      "JournalIssue" => nil,
-      "ProceedingsArticle" => "paper-conference",
-      "Other" => nil,
-      "Dissertation" => "thesis",
-      "Dataset" => "dataset",
-      "EditedBook" => "book",
-      "JournalArticle" => "article-journal",
-      "Journal" => nil,
-      "Report" => "report",
-      "BookSeries" => nil,
-      "ReportSeries" => nil,
-      "BookTrack" => nil,
-      "Standard" => nil,
-      "BookSection" => "chapter",
-      "BookPart" => nil,
-      "Book" => "book",
-      "BookChapter" => "chapter",
-      "StandardSeries" => nil,
-      "Monograph" => "book",
-      "Component" => nil,
-      "ReferenceEntry" => "entry-dictionary",
-      "JournalVolume" => nil,
-      "BookSet" => nil
+      'Proceedings' => nil,
+      'ReferenceBook' => nil,
+      'JournalIssue' => nil,
+      'ProceedingsArticle' => 'paper-conference',
+      'Other' => nil,
+      'Dissertation' => 'thesis',
+      'Dataset' => 'dataset',
+      'EditedBook' => 'book',
+      'JournalArticle' => 'article-journal',
+      'Journal' => nil,
+      'Report' => 'report',
+      'BookSeries' => nil,
+      'ReportSeries' => nil,
+      'BookTrack' => nil,
+      'Standard' => nil,
+      'BookSection' => 'chapter',
+      'BookPart' => nil,
+      'Book' => 'book',
+      'BookChapter' => 'chapter',
+      'StandardSeries' => nil,
+      'Monograph' => 'book',
+      'Component' => nil,
+      'ReferenceEntry' => 'entry-dictionary',
+      'JournalVolume' => nil,
+      'BookSet' => nil
     }
 
     CR_TO_SO_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Proceedings" => nil,
-      "ReferenceBook" => "Book",
-      "JournalIssue" => "PublicationIssue",
-      "ProceedingsArticle" => nil,
-      "Other" => "CreativeWork",
-      "Dissertation" => "Thesis",
-      "Dataset" => "Dataset",
-      "EditedBook" => "Book",
-      "JournalArticle" => "ScholarlyArticle",
-      "Journal" => nil,
-      "Report" => "Report",
-      "BookSeries" => nil,
-      "ReportSeries" => nil,
-      "BookTrack" => nil,
-      "Standard" => nil,
-      "BookSection" => nil,
-      "BookPart" => nil,
-      "Book" => "Book",
-      "BookChapter" => "Chapter",
-      "StandardSeries" => nil,
-      "Monograph" => "Book",
-      "Component" => "CreativeWork",
-      "ReferenceEntry" => nil,
-      "JournalVolume" => "PublicationVolume",
-      "BookSet" => nil,
-      "PostedContent" => "ScholarlyArticle",
-      "PeerReview" => "Review"
+      'Proceedings' => nil,
+      'ReferenceBook' => 'Book',
+      'JournalIssue' => 'PublicationIssue',
+      'ProceedingsArticle' => nil,
+      'Other' => 'CreativeWork',
+      'Dissertation' => 'Thesis',
+      'Dataset' => 'Dataset',
+      'EditedBook' => 'Book',
+      'JournalArticle' => 'ScholarlyArticle',
+      'Journal' => nil,
+      'Report' => 'Report',
+      'BookSeries' => nil,
+      'ReportSeries' => nil,
+      'BookTrack' => nil,
+      'Standard' => nil,
+      'BookSection' => nil,
+      'BookPart' => nil,
+      'Book' => 'Book',
+      'BookChapter' => 'Chapter',
+      'StandardSeries' => nil,
+      'Monograph' => 'Book',
+      'Component' => 'CreativeWork',
+      'ReferenceEntry' => nil,
+      'JournalVolume' => 'PublicationVolume',
+      'BookSet' => nil,
+      'PostedContent' => 'ScholarlyArticle',
+      'PeerReview' => 'Review'
     }
 
     CR_TO_BIB_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Proceedings" => "proceedings",
-      "ReferenceBook" => "book",
-      "JournalIssue" => nil,
-      "ProceedingsArticle" => nil,
-      "Other" => nil,
-      "Dissertation" => "phdthesis",
-      "Dataset" => nil,
-      "EditedBook" => "book",
-      "JournalArticle" => "article",
-      "Journal" => nil,
-      "Report" => "techreport",
-      "BookSeries" => nil,
-      "ReportSeries" => nil,
-      "BookTrack" => nil,
-      "Standard" => nil,
-      "BookSection" => "inbook",
-      "BookPart" => nil,
-      "Book" => "book",
-      "BookChapter" => "inbook",
-      "StandardSeries" => nil,
-      "Monograph" => "book",
-      "Component" => nil,
-      "ReferenceEntry" => nil,
-      "JournalVolume" => nil,
-      "BookSet" => nil,
-      "PostedContent" => "article"
+      'Proceedings' => 'proceedings',
+      'ReferenceBook' => 'book',
+      'JournalIssue' => nil,
+      'ProceedingsArticle' => nil,
+      'Other' => nil,
+      'Dissertation' => 'phdthesis',
+      'Dataset' => nil,
+      'EditedBook' => 'book',
+      'JournalArticle' => 'article',
+      'Journal' => nil,
+      'Report' => 'techreport',
+      'BookSeries' => nil,
+      'ReportSeries' => nil,
+      'BookTrack' => nil,
+      'Standard' => nil,
+      'BookSection' => 'inbook',
+      'BookPart' => nil,
+      'Book' => 'book',
+      'BookChapter' => 'inbook',
+      'StandardSeries' => nil,
+      'Monograph' => 'book',
+      'Component' => nil,
+      'ReferenceEntry' => nil,
+      'JournalVolume' => nil,
+      'BookSet' => nil,
+      'PostedContent' => 'article'
     }
 
     BIB_TO_CR_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "proceedings" => "Proceedings",
-      "phdthesis" => "Dissertation",
-      "article" => "JournalArticle",
-      "book" => "Book",
-      "inbook" => "BookChapter"
+      'proceedings' => 'Proceedings',
+      'phdthesis' => 'Dissertation',
+      'article' => 'JournalArticle',
+      'book' => 'Book',
+      'inbook' => 'BookChapter'
     }
 
     CR_TO_JATS_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Proceedings" => "working-paper",
-      "ReferenceBook" => "book",
-      "JournalIssue" => "journal",
-      "ProceedingsArticle" => "working-paper",
-      "Other" => nil,
-      "Dissertation" => nil,
-      "Dataset" => "data",
-      "EditedBook" => "book",
-      "JournalArticle" => "journal",
-      "Journal" => "journal",
-      "Report" => "report",
-      "BookSeries" => "book",
-      "ReportSeries" => "report",
-      "BookTrack" => "book",
-      "Standard" => "standard",
-      "BookSection" => "chapter",
-      "BookPart" => "chapter",
-      "Book" => "book",
-      "BookChapter" => "chapter",
-      "StandardSeries" => "standard",
-      "Monograph" => "book",
-      "Component" => nil,
-      "ReferenceEntry" => nil,
-      "JournalVolume" => "journal",
-      "BookSet" => "book"
+      'Proceedings' => 'working-paper',
+      'ReferenceBook' => 'book',
+      'JournalIssue' => 'journal',
+      'ProceedingsArticle' => 'working-paper',
+      'Other' => nil,
+      'Dissertation' => nil,
+      'Dataset' => 'data',
+      'EditedBook' => 'book',
+      'JournalArticle' => 'journal',
+      'Journal' => 'journal',
+      'Report' => 'report',
+      'BookSeries' => 'book',
+      'ReportSeries' => 'report',
+      'BookTrack' => 'book',
+      'Standard' => 'standard',
+      'BookSection' => 'chapter',
+      'BookPart' => 'chapter',
+      'Book' => 'book',
+      'BookChapter' => 'chapter',
+      'StandardSeries' => 'standard',
+      'Monograph' => 'book',
+      'Component' => nil,
+      'ReferenceEntry' => nil,
+      'JournalVolume' => 'journal',
+      'BookSet' => 'book'
     }
 
     CR_TO_DC_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Proceedings" => nil,
-      "ReferenceBook" => nil,
-      "JournalIssue" => "Text",
-      "ProceedingsArticle" => "ConferencePaper",
-      "Other" => "Other",
-      "Dissertation" => "Dissertation",
-      "Dataset" => "Dataset",
-      "EditedBook" => "Book",
-      "JournalArticle" => "JournalArticle",
-      "Journal" => "Journal",
-      "Report" => "Report",
-      "BookSeries" => nil,
-      "ReportSeries" => nil,
-      "BookTrack" => nil,
-      "Standard" => "Standard",
-      "BookSection" => "BookChapter",
-      "BookPart" => nil,
-      "Book" => "Book",
-      "BookChapter" => "BookChapter",
-      "SaComponent" => "Text",
-      "StandardSeries" => "Standard",
-      "Monograph" => "book",
-      "Component" => nil,
-      "ReferenceEntry" => nil,
-      "JournalVolume" => nil,
-      "BookSet" => nil,
-      "PostedContent" => "Preprint",
-      "PeerReview" => "PeerReview"
+      'Proceedings' => nil,
+      'ReferenceBook' => nil,
+      'JournalIssue' => 'Text',
+      'ProceedingsArticle' => 'ConferencePaper',
+      'Other' => 'Other',
+      'Dissertation' => 'Dissertation',
+      'Dataset' => 'Dataset',
+      'EditedBook' => 'Book',
+      'JournalArticle' => 'JournalArticle',
+      'Journal' => 'Journal',
+      'Report' => 'Report',
+      'BookSeries' => nil,
+      'ReportSeries' => nil,
+      'BookTrack' => nil,
+      'Standard' => 'Standard',
+      'BookSection' => 'BookChapter',
+      'BookPart' => nil,
+      'Book' => 'Book',
+      'BookChapter' => 'BookChapter',
+      'SaComponent' => 'Text',
+      'StandardSeries' => 'Standard',
+      'Monograph' => 'book',
+      'Component' => nil,
+      'ReferenceEntry' => nil,
+      'JournalVolume' => nil,
+      'BookSet' => nil,
+      'PostedContent' => 'Preprint',
+      'PeerReview' => 'PeerReview'
     }
 
     SO_TO_DC_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Article" => "Preprint",
-      "AudioObject" => "Sound",
-      "Blog" => "Text",
-      "BlogPosting" => "Preprint",
-      "Book" => "Book",
-      "Chapter" => "BookChapter",
-      "Collection" => "Collection",
-      "CreativeWork" => "Text",
-      "DataCatalog" => "Dataset",
-      "Dataset" => "Dataset",
-      "Event" => "Event",
-      "ImageObject" => "Image",
-      "Movie" => "Audiovisual",
-      "PublicationIssue" => "Text",
-      "Report" => "Report",
-      "ScholarlyArticle" => "Text",
-      "Thesis" => "Text",
-      "Service" => "Service",
-      "Review" => "PeerReview",
-      "SoftwareSourceCode" => "Software",
-      "VideoObject" => "Audiovisual",
-      "WebPage" => "Text",
-      "WebSite" => "Text"
+      'Article' => 'Preprint',
+      'AudioObject' => 'Sound',
+      'Blog' => 'Text',
+      'BlogPosting' => 'Preprint',
+      'Book' => 'Book',
+      'Chapter' => 'BookChapter',
+      'Collection' => 'Collection',
+      'CreativeWork' => 'Text',
+      'DataCatalog' => 'Dataset',
+      'Dataset' => 'Dataset',
+      'Event' => 'Event',
+      'ImageObject' => 'Image',
+      'Movie' => 'Audiovisual',
+      'PublicationIssue' => 'Text',
+      'Report' => 'Report',
+      'ScholarlyArticle' => 'Text',
+      'Thesis' => 'Text',
+      'Service' => 'Service',
+      'Review' => 'PeerReview',
+      'SoftwareSourceCode' => 'Software',
+      'VideoObject' => 'Audiovisual',
+      'WebPage' => 'Text',
+      'WebSite' => 'Text'
     }
 
     SO_TO_JATS_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Article" => "journal",
-      "AudioObject" => nil,
-      "Blog" => nil,
-      "BlogPosting" => nil,
-      "Book" => "book",
-      "Collection" => nil,
-      "CreativeWork" => nil,
-      "DataCatalog" => "data",
-      "Dataset" => "data",
-      "Event" => nil,
-      "ImageObject" => nil,
-      "Movie" => nil,
-      "PublicationIssue" => "journal",
-      "ScholarlyArticle" => "journal",
-      "Service" => nil,
-      "SoftwareSourceCode" => "software",
-      "VideoObject" => nil,
-      "WebPage" => nil,
-      "WebSite" => "website"
+      'Article' => 'journal',
+      'AudioObject' => nil,
+      'Blog' => nil,
+      'BlogPosting' => nil,
+      'Book' => 'book',
+      'Collection' => nil,
+      'CreativeWork' => nil,
+      'DataCatalog' => 'data',
+      'Dataset' => 'data',
+      'Event' => nil,
+      'ImageObject' => nil,
+      'Movie' => nil,
+      'PublicationIssue' => 'journal',
+      'ScholarlyArticle' => 'journal',
+      'Service' => nil,
+      'SoftwareSourceCode' => 'software',
+      'VideoObject' => nil,
+      'WebPage' => nil,
+      'WebSite' => 'website'
     }
 
     SO_TO_CP_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Article" => "article-newspaper",
-      "AudioObject" => "song",
-      "Blog" => "report",
-      "BlogPosting" => "post-weblog",
-      "Collection" => nil,
-      "CreativeWork" => nil,
-      "DataCatalog" => "dataset",
-      "Dataset" => "dataset",
-      "Event" => nil,
-      "ImageObject" => "graphic",
-      "Movie" => "motion_picture",
-      "PublicationIssue" => nil,
-      "Report" => "report",
-      "ScholarlyArticle" => "article-journal",
-      "Service" => nil,
-      "Thesis" => "thesis",
-      "VideoObject" => "broadcast",
-      "WebPage" => "webpage",
-      "WebSite" => "webpage"
+      'Article' => 'article-newspaper',
+      'AudioObject' => 'song',
+      'Blog' => 'report',
+      'BlogPosting' => 'post-weblog',
+      'Collection' => nil,
+      'CreativeWork' => nil,
+      'DataCatalog' => 'dataset',
+      'Dataset' => 'dataset',
+      'Event' => nil,
+      'ImageObject' => 'graphic',
+      'Movie' => 'motion_picture',
+      'PublicationIssue' => nil,
+      'Report' => 'report',
+      'ScholarlyArticle' => 'article-journal',
+      'Service' => nil,
+      'Thesis' => 'thesis',
+      'VideoObject' => 'broadcast',
+      'WebPage' => 'webpage',
+      'WebSite' => 'webpage'
     }
 
     SO_TO_RIS_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Article" => "GEN",
-      "AudioObject" => nil,
-      "Blog" => nil,
-      "BlogPosting" => "BLOG",
-      "Collection" => nil,
-      "CreativeWork" => "GEN",
-      "DataCatalog" => "CTLG",
-      "Dataset" => "DATA",
-      "Event" => nil,
-      "ImageObject" => "FIGURE",
-      "Movie" => "MPCT",
-      "Report" => "RPRT",
-      "PublicationIssue" => nil,
-      "ScholarlyArticle" => "JOUR",
-      "Service" => nil,
-      "SoftwareSourceCode" => "COMP",
-      "VideoObject" => "VIDEO",
-      "WebPage" => "ELEC",
-      "WebSite" => nil
+      'Article' => 'GEN',
+      'AudioObject' => nil,
+      'Blog' => nil,
+      'BlogPosting' => 'BLOG',
+      'Collection' => nil,
+      'CreativeWork' => 'GEN',
+      'DataCatalog' => 'CTLG',
+      'Dataset' => 'DATA',
+      'Event' => nil,
+      'ImageObject' => 'FIGURE',
+      'Movie' => 'MPCT',
+      'Report' => 'RPRT',
+      'PublicationIssue' => nil,
+      'ScholarlyArticle' => 'JOUR',
+      'Service' => nil,
+      'SoftwareSourceCode' => 'COMP',
+      'VideoObject' => 'VIDEO',
+      'WebPage' => 'ELEC',
+      'WebSite' => nil
     }
 
     CR_TO_RIS_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Proceedings" => "CONF",
-      "ReferenceBook" => "BOOK",
-      "JournalIssue" => nil,
-      "ProceedingsArticle" => "CPAPER",
-      "Other" => "GEN",
-      "Dissertation" => "THES",
-      "Dataset" => "DATA",
-      "EditedBook" => "BOOK",
-      "JournalArticle" => "JOUR",
-      "Journal" => nil,
-      "Report" => "RPRT",
-      "BookSeries" => nil,
-      "ReportSeries" => nil,
-      "BookTrack" => nil,
-      "Standard" => "STAND",
-      "BookSection" => "CHAP",
-      "BookPart" => "CHAP",
-      "Book" => "BOOK",
-      "BookChapter" => "CHAP",
-      "StandardSeries" => nil,
-      "Monograph" => "BOOK",
-      "Component" => nil,
-      "ReferenceEntry" => "DICT",
-      "JournalVolume" => nil,
-      "BookSet" => nil
+      'Proceedings' => 'CONF',
+      'ReferenceBook' => 'BOOK',
+      'JournalIssue' => nil,
+      'ProceedingsArticle' => 'CPAPER',
+      'Other' => 'GEN',
+      'Dissertation' => 'THES',
+      'Dataset' => 'DATA',
+      'EditedBook' => 'BOOK',
+      'JournalArticle' => 'JOUR',
+      'Journal' => nil,
+      'Report' => 'RPRT',
+      'BookSeries' => nil,
+      'ReportSeries' => nil,
+      'BookTrack' => nil,
+      'Standard' => 'STAND',
+      'BookSection' => 'CHAP',
+      'BookPart' => 'CHAP',
+      'Book' => 'BOOK',
+      'BookChapter' => 'CHAP',
+      'StandardSeries' => nil,
+      'Monograph' => 'BOOK',
+      'Component' => nil,
+      'ReferenceEntry' => 'DICT',
+      'JournalVolume' => nil,
+      'BookSet' => nil
     }
 
     DC_TO_RIS_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Audiovisual" => "MPCT",
-      "Book" => "BOOK",
-      "BookChapter" => "CHAP",
-      "Collection" => nil,
-      "ComputationalNotebook" => "COMP",
-      "ConferencePaper" => "CPAPER",
-      "ConferenceProceeding" => "CONF",
-      "DataPaper" => nil,
-      "Dataset" => "DATA",
-      "Dissertation" => "THES",
-      "Event" => nil,
-      "Image" => "FIGURE",
-      "InteractiveResource" => nil,
-      "Journal" => nil,
-      "JournalArticle" => "JOUR",
-      "Model" => nil,
-      "OutputManagementPlan" => nil,
-      "PeerReview" => nil,
-      "PhysicalObject" => nil,
-      "Preprint" => "RPRT",
-      "Report" => "RRPT",
-      "Service" => nil,
-      "Software" => "COMP",
-      "Sound" => "SOUND",
-      "Standard" => nil,
-      "Text" => "RPRT",
-      "Workflow" => nil,
-      "Other" => nil
+      'Audiovisual' => 'MPCT',
+      'Book' => 'BOOK',
+      'BookChapter' => 'CHAP',
+      'Collection' => nil,
+      'ComputationalNotebook' => 'COMP',
+      'ConferencePaper' => 'CPAPER',
+      'ConferenceProceeding' => 'CONF',
+      'DataPaper' => nil,
+      'Dataset' => 'DATA',
+      'Dissertation' => 'THES',
+      'Event' => nil,
+      'Image' => 'FIGURE',
+      'InteractiveResource' => nil,
+      'Journal' => nil,
+      'JournalArticle' => 'JOUR',
+      'Model' => nil,
+      'OutputManagementPlan' => nil,
+      'PeerReview' => nil,
+      'PhysicalObject' => nil,
+      'Preprint' => 'RPRT',
+      'Report' => 'RRPT',
+      'Service' => nil,
+      'Software' => 'COMP',
+      'Sound' => 'SOUND',
+      'Standard' => nil,
+      'Text' => 'RPRT',
+      'Workflow' => nil,
+      'Other' => nil
     }
 
     RIS_TO_DC_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "BLOG" => "Text",
-      "GEN" => "Text",
-      "CTLG" => "Collection",
-      "DATA" => "Dataset",
-      "FIGURE" => "Image",
-      "THES" => "Dissertation",
-      "MPCT" => "Audiovisual",
-      "JOUR" => "JournalArticle",
-      "COMP" => "Software",
-      "VIDEO" => "Audiovisual",
-      "ELEC" => "Text"
+      'BLOG' => 'Text',
+      'GEN' => 'Text',
+      'CTLG' => 'Collection',
+      'DATA' => 'Dataset',
+      'FIGURE' => 'Image',
+      'THES' => 'Dissertation',
+      'MPCT' => 'Audiovisual',
+      'JOUR' => 'JournalArticle',
+      'COMP' => 'Software',
+      'VIDEO' => 'Audiovisual',
+      'ELEC' => 'Text'
     }
 
     BIB_TO_DC_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "article" => "JournalArticle",
-      "book" => "Book",
-      "inbook" => "BookChapter",
-      "inproceedings" => nil,
-      "manual" => nil,
-      "misc" => "Other",
-      "phdthesis" => "Dissertation",
-      "proceedings" => "ConferenceProceeding",
-      "techreport" => "Report",
-      "unpublished" => nil
+      'article' => 'JournalArticle',
+      'book' => 'Book',
+      'inbook' => 'BookChapter',
+      'inproceedings' => nil,
+      'manual' => nil,
+      'misc' => 'Other',
+      'phdthesis' => 'Dissertation',
+      'proceedings' => 'ConferenceProceeding',
+      'techreport' => 'Report',
+      'unpublished' => nil
     }
 
     CP_TO_DC_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "song" => "Audiovisual",
-      "post-weblog" => "Text",
-      "dataset" => "Dataset",
-      "graphic" => "Image",
-      "motion_picture" => "Audiovisual",
-      "article-journal" => "JournalArticle",
-      "broadcast" => "Audiovisual",
-      "webpage" => "Text"
+      'song' => 'Audiovisual',
+      'post-weblog' => 'Text',
+      'dataset' => 'Dataset',
+      'graphic' => 'Image',
+      'motion_picture' => 'Audiovisual',
+      'article-journal' => 'JournalArticle',
+      'broadcast' => 'Audiovisual',
+      'webpage' => 'Text'
     }
 
     SO_TO_BIB_TRANSLATIONS = {
-      "Article" => "article",
-      "AudioObject" => "misc",
-      "Thesis" => "phdthesis",
-      "Blog" => "misc",
-      "BlogPosting" => "article",
-      "Collection" => "misc",
-      "CreativeWork" => "misc",
-      "DataCatalog" => "misc",
-      "Dataset" => "misc",
-      "Event" => "misc",
-      "ImageObject" => "misc",
-      "Movie" => "misc",
-      "PublicationIssue" => "misc",
-      "ScholarlyArticle" => "article",
-      "Service" => "misc",
-      "SoftwareSourceCode" => "misc",
-      "VideoObject" => "misc",
-      "WebPage" => "misc",
-      "WebSite" => "misc"
+      'Article' => 'article',
+      'AudioObject' => 'misc',
+      'Thesis' => 'phdthesis',
+      'Blog' => 'misc',
+      'BlogPosting' => 'article',
+      'Collection' => 'misc',
+      'CreativeWork' => 'misc',
+      'DataCatalog' => 'misc',
+      'Dataset' => 'misc',
+      'Event' => 'misc',
+      'ImageObject' => 'misc',
+      'Movie' => 'misc',
+      'PublicationIssue' => 'misc',
+      'ScholarlyArticle' => 'article',
+      'Service' => 'misc',
+      'SoftwareSourceCode' => 'misc',
+      'VideoObject' => 'misc',
+      'WebPage' => 'misc',
+      'WebSite' => 'misc'
     }
 
     UNKNOWN_INFORMATION = {
-      ":unac" => "temporarily inaccessible",
-      ":unal" => "unallowed, suppressed intentionally",
-      ":unap" => "not applicable, makes no sense",
-      ":unas" => "value unassigned (e.g., Untitled)",
-      ":unav" => "value unavailable, possibly unknown",
-      ":unkn" => "known to be unknown (e.g., Anonymous, Inconnue)",
-      ":none" => "never had a value, never will",
-      ":null" => "explicitly and meaningfully empty",
-      ":tba" => "to be assigned or announced later",
-      ":etal" => "too numerous to list (et alia)"
+      ':unac' => 'temporarily inaccessible',
+      ':unal' => 'unallowed, suppressed intentionally',
+      ':unap' => 'not applicable, makes no sense',
+      ':unas' => 'value unassigned (e.g., Untitled)',
+      ':unav' => 'value unavailable, possibly unknown',
+      ':unkn' => 'known to be unknown (e.g., Anonymous, Inconnue)',
+      ':none' => 'never had a value, never will',
+      ':null' => 'explicitly and meaningfully empty',
+      ':tba' => 'to be assigned or announced later',
+      ':etal' => 'too numerous to list (et alia)'
     }
 
     def find_from_format(id: nil, string: nil, ext: nil, filename: nil)
@@ -493,93 +493,102 @@ module Briard
       elsif string.present?
         find_from_format_by_string(string)
       else
-        "datacite"
+        'datacite'
       end
     end
 
     def find_from_format_by_id(id)
       id = normalize_id(id)
 
-      if /\A(?:(http|https):\/(\/)?(dx\.)?(doi\.org|handle\.stage\.datacite\.org)\/)?(doi:)?(10\.\d{4,5}\/.+)\z/.match(id)
+      if %r{\A(?:(http|https):/(/)?(dx\.)?(doi\.org|handle\.stage\.datacite\.org)/)?(doi:)?(10\.\d{4,5}/.+)\z}.match?(id)
         ra = get_doi_ra(id)
-        %w(DataCite Crossref mEDRA KISTI JaLC OP).include?(ra) ? ra.downcase : nil
-      elsif /\A(?:(http|https):\/(\/)?orcid\.org\/)?(\d{4}-\d{4}-\d{4}-\d{3}[0-9X]+)\z/.match(id)
-        "orcid"
-      elsif /\A(http|https):\/(\/)?github\.com\/(.+)\/package.json\z/.match(id)
-        "npm"
-      elsif /\A(http|https):\/(\/)?github\.com\/(.+)\/codemeta.json\z/.match(id)
-        "codemeta"
-      elsif /\A(http|https):\/(\/)?github\.com\/(.+)\/CITATION.cff\z/.match(id)
-        "cff"
-      elsif /\A(http|https):\/(\/)?github\.com\/(.+)\z/.match(id)
-        "cff"
+        %w[DataCite Crossref mEDRA KISTI JaLC OP].include?(ra) ? ra.downcase : nil
+      elsif %r{\A(?:(http|https):/(/)?orcid\.org/)?(\d{4}-\d{4}-\d{4}-\d{3}[0-9X]+)\z}.match?(id)
+        'orcid'
+      elsif %r{\A(http|https):/(/)?github\.com/(.+)/package.json\z}.match?(id)
+        'npm'
+      elsif %r{\A(http|https):/(/)?github\.com/(.+)/codemeta.json\z}.match?(id)
+        'codemeta'
+      elsif %r{\A(http|https):/(/)?github\.com/(.+)/CITATION.cff\z}.match?(id)
+        'cff'
+      elsif %r{\A(http|https):/(/)?github\.com/(.+)\z}.match?(id)
+        'cff'
       else
-        "schema_org"
+        'schema_org'
       end
     end
 
     def find_from_format_by_filename(filename)
-      if filename == "package.json"
-        "npm"
-      elsif filename == "CITATION.cff"
-        "cff"
+      if filename == 'package.json'
+        'npm'
+      elsif filename == 'CITATION.cff'
+        'cff'
       end
     end
 
-    def find_from_format_by_ext(string, options={})
-      if options[:ext] == ".bib"
-        "bibtex"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".ris"
-        "ris"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".xml" && Maremma.from_xml(string).to_h.dig("crossref_result", "query_result", "body", "query", "doi_record", "crossref")
-        "crossref"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".xml" && Nokogiri::XML(string, nil, 'UTF-8', &:noblanks).collect_namespaces.find { |k, v| v.start_with?("http://datacite.org/schema/kernel") }
-        "datacite"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".cff"
-        "cff"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".json" && URI(Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.fetch("@context", "")).host == "schema.org"
-        "schema_org"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".json" && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("@context") == ("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/codemeta/codemeta/master/codemeta.jsonld")
-        "codemeta"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".json" && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("schemaVersion").to_s.start_with?("http://datacite.org/schema/kernel")
-        "datacite_json"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".json" && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("types") && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("publication_year").present?
-        "crosscite"
-      elsif options[:ext] == ".json" && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("issued", "date-parts").present?
-        "citeproc"
+    def find_from_format_by_ext(string, options = {})
+      if options[:ext] == '.bib'
+        'bibtex'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.ris'
+        'ris'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.xml' && Maremma.from_xml(string).to_h.dig('crossref_result',
+                                                                         'query_result', 'body', 'query', 'doi_record', 'crossref')
+        'crossref'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.xml' && Nokogiri::XML(string, nil, 'UTF-8',
+                                                     &:noblanks).collect_namespaces.find do |_k, v|
+              v.start_with?('http://datacite.org/schema/kernel')
+            end
+        'datacite'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.cff'
+        'cff'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.json' && URI(Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.fetch('@context',
+                                                                                 '')).host == 'schema.org'
+        'schema_org'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.json' && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('@context') == ('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/codemeta/codemeta/master/codemeta.jsonld')
+        'codemeta'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.json' && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('schemaVersion').to_s.start_with?('http://datacite.org/schema/kernel')
+        'datacite_json'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.json' && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('types') && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('publication_year').present?
+        'crosscite'
+      elsif options[:ext] == '.json' && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('issued',
+                                                                           'date-parts').present?
+        'citeproc'
       end
     end
 
     def find_from_format_by_string(string)
-      if Maremma.from_xml(string).to_h.dig("crossref_result", "query_result", "body", "query", "doi_record", "crossref").present?
-        "crossref"
-      elsif Nokogiri::XML(string, nil, 'UTF-8', &:noblanks).collect_namespaces.find { |k, v| v.start_with?("http://datacite.org/schema/kernel") }
-        "datacite"
-      elsif URI(Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.fetch("@context", "")).host == "schema.org"
-        "schema_org"
-      elsif Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("@context") == ("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/codemeta/codemeta/master/codemeta.jsonld")
-        "codemeta"
-      elsif Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("schema-version").to_s.start_with?("http://datacite.org/schema/kernel")
-        "datacite_json"
-      elsif Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("types").present? && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("publication_year").present?
-        "crosscite"
-      elsif Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig("issued", "date-parts").present?
-        "citeproc"
-      elsif string.start_with?("TY  - ")
-        "ris"
-      elsif YAML.load(string).to_h.fetch("cff-version", nil).present?
-        "cff"
+      if Maremma.from_xml(string).to_h.dig('crossref_result', 'query_result', 'body', 'query',
+                                           'doi_record', 'crossref').present?
+        'crossref'
+      elsif Nokogiri::XML(string, nil, 'UTF-8', &:noblanks).collect_namespaces.find do |_k, v|
+              v.start_with?('http://datacite.org/schema/kernel')
+            end
+        'datacite'
+      elsif URI(Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.fetch('@context', '')).host == 'schema.org'
+        'schema_org'
+      elsif Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('@context') == ('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/codemeta/codemeta/master/codemeta.jsonld')
+        'codemeta'
+      elsif Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('schema-version').to_s.start_with?('http://datacite.org/schema/kernel')
+        'datacite_json'
+      elsif Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('types').present? && Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('publication_year').present?
+        'crosscite'
+      elsif Maremma.from_json(string).to_h.dig('issued', 'date-parts').present?
+        'citeproc'
+      elsif string.start_with?('TY  - ')
+        'ris'
+      elsif YAML.load(string).to_h.fetch('cff-version', nil).present?
+        'cff'
       elsif BibTeX.parse(string).first
-        "bibtex"
+        'bibtex'
       end
-    rescue Psych::SyntaxError => error
-      "bibtex"
-    rescue BibTeX::ParseError => error
+    rescue Psych::SyntaxError => e
+      'bibtex'
+    rescue BibTeX::ParseError => e
       nil
     end
 
     def orcid_from_url(url)
-      Array(/\A:(http|https):\/\/orcid\.org\/(.+)/.match(url)).last
+      Array(%r{\A:(http|https)://orcid\.org/(.+)}.match(url)).last
     end
 
     def orcid_as_url(orcid)
@@ -587,40 +596,38 @@ module Briard
     end
 
     def validate_orcid(orcid)
-      orcid = Array(/\A(?:(?:http|https):\/\/(?:(?:www|sandbox)?\.)?orcid\.org\/)?(\d{4}[[:space:]-]\d{4}[[:space:]-]\d{4}[[:space:]-]\d{3}[0-9X]+)\z/.match(orcid)).last
-      orcid.gsub(/[[:space:]]/, "-") if orcid.present?
+      orcid = Array(%r{\A(?:(?:http|https)://(?:(?:www|sandbox)?\.)?orcid\.org/)?(\d{4}[[:space:]-]\d{4}[[:space:]-]\d{4}[[:space:]-]\d{3}[0-9X]+)\z}.match(orcid)).last
+      orcid.gsub(/[[:space:]]/, '-') if orcid.present?
     end
 
     def validate_orcid_scheme(orcid_scheme)
-      Array(/\A(http|https):\/\/(www\.)?(orcid\.org)/.match(orcid_scheme)).last
+      Array(%r{\A(http|https)://(www\.)?(orcid\.org)}.match(orcid_scheme)).last
     end
 
     def validate_url(str)
-      if /\A(?:(http|https):\/\/(dx\.)?doi.org\/)?(doi:)?(10\.\d{4,5}\/.+)\z/.match(str)
-        "DOI"
-      elsif /\A(http|https):\/\//.match(str)
-        "URL"
-      elsif /\A(ISSN|eISSN) (\d{4}-\d{3}[0-9X]+)\z/.match(str)
-        "ISSN"
+      if %r{\A(?:(http|https)://(dx\.)?doi.org/)?(doi:)?(10\.\d{4,5}/.+)\z}.match?(str)
+        'DOI'
+      elsif %r{\A(http|https)://}.match?(str)
+        'URL'
+      elsif /\A(ISSN|eISSN) (\d{4}-\d{3}[0-9X]+)\z/.match?(str)
+        'ISSN'
       end
     end
 
-    def parse_attributes(element, options={})
-      content = options[:content] || "__content__"
+    def parse_attributes(element, options = {})
+      content = options[:content] || '__content__'
 
       if element.is_a?(String) && options[:content].nil?
         CGI.unescapeHTML(element)
       elsif element.is_a?(Hash)
-        element.fetch( CGI.unescapeHTML(content), nil)
+        element.fetch(CGI.unescapeHTML(content), nil)
       elsif element.is_a?(Array)
         a = element.map { |e| e.is_a?(Hash) ? e.fetch(CGI.unescapeHTML(content), nil) : e }.uniq
         a = options[:first] ? a.first : a.unwrap
-      else
-        nil
       end
     end
 
-    def normalize_id(id, options={})
+    def normalize_id(id, options = {})
       return nil unless id.present?
 
       # check for valid DOI
@@ -629,7 +636,7 @@ module Briard
 
       # check for valid HTTP uri
       uri = Addressable::URI.parse(id)
-      return nil unless uri && uri.host && %w(http https).include?(uri.scheme)
+      return nil unless uri && uri.host && %w[http https].include?(uri.scheme)
 
       # clean up URL
       PostRank::URI.clean(id)
@@ -637,19 +644,19 @@ module Briard
       nil
     end
 
-    def normalize_url(id, options={})
+    def normalize_url(id, options = {})
       return nil unless id.present?
 
       # handle info URIs
-      return id if id.to_s.start_with?("info")
+      return id if id.to_s.start_with?('info')
 
       # check for valid HTTP uri
       uri = Addressable::URI.parse(id)
 
-      return nil unless uri && uri.host && %w(http https ftp).include?(uri.scheme)
+      return nil unless uri && uri.host && %w[http https ftp].include?(uri.scheme)
 
       # optionally turn into https URL
-      uri.scheme = "https" if options[:https]
+      uri.scheme = 'https' if options[:https]
 
       # clean up URL
       uri.path = PostRank::URI.clean(uri.path)
@@ -669,74 +676,74 @@ module Briard
       return nil unless orcid.present?
 
       # turn ORCID ID into URL
-      "https://orcid.org/" + Addressable::URI.encode(orcid)
+      'https://orcid.org/' + Addressable::URI.encode(orcid)
     end
 
     def normalize_ids(ids: nil, relation_type: nil)
-      Array.wrap(ids).select { |idx| idx["@id"].present? }.map do |idx|
-        id = normalize_id(idx["@id"])
-        related_identifier_type = doi_from_url(id).present? ? "DOI" : "URL"
+      Array.wrap(ids).select { |idx| idx['@id'].present? }.map do |idx|
+        id = normalize_id(idx['@id'])
+        related_identifier_type = doi_from_url(id).present? ? 'DOI' : 'URL'
         id = doi_from_url(id) || id
 
-        { "relatedIdentifier" => id,
-          "relationType" => relation_type,
-          "relatedIdentifierType" => related_identifier_type,
-          "resourceTypeGeneral" => Metadata::SO_TO_DC_TRANSLATIONS[idx["@type"]] }.compact
+        { 'relatedIdentifier' => id,
+          'relationType' => relation_type,
+          'relatedIdentifierType' => related_identifier_type,
+          'resourceTypeGeneral' => Metadata::SO_TO_DC_TRANSLATIONS[idx['@type']] }.compact
       end.unwrap
     end
 
     # pick electronic issn if there are multiple
     # format issn as xxxx-xxxx
-    def normalize_issn(input, options={})
-      content = options[:content] || "__content__"
+    def normalize_issn(input, options = {})
+      content = options[:content] || '__content__'
 
       issn = if input.blank?
-        nil
-      elsif input.is_a?(String) && options[:content].nil?
-        input
-      elsif input.is_a?(Hash)
-        input.fetch(content, nil)
-      elsif input.is_a?(Array)
-        a = input.find { |a| a["media_type"] == "electronic" } || input.first
-        a.fetch(content, nil)
-      end
+               nil
+             elsif input.is_a?(String) && options[:content].nil?
+               input
+             elsif input.is_a?(Hash)
+               input.fetch(content, nil)
+             elsif input.is_a?(Array)
+               a = input.find { |a| a['media_type'] == 'electronic' } || input.first
+               a.fetch(content, nil)
+             end
 
       case issn.to_s.length
       when 9
         issn
       when 8
-        issn[0..3] + "-" + issn[4..7]
-      else
-        nil
+        issn[0..3] + '-' + issn[4..7]
       end
     end
 
     # find Creative Commons or OSI license in licenses array, normalize url and name
     def normalize_licenses(licenses)
-      standard_licenses = Array.wrap(licenses).map { |l| URI.parse(l["url"]) }.select { |li| li.host && li.host[/(creativecommons.org|opensource.org)$/] }
+      standard_licenses = Array.wrap(licenses).map do |l|
+                            URI.parse(l['url'])
+                          end.select { |li| li.host && li.host[/(creativecommons.org|opensource.org)$/] }
       return licenses unless standard_licenses.present?
 
       # use HTTPS
-      uri.scheme = "https"
+      uri.scheme = 'https'
 
       # use host name without subdomain
       uri.host = Array(/(creativecommons.org|opensource.org)/.match uri.host).last
 
       # normalize URLs
-      if uri.host == "creativecommons.org"
-        uri.path = uri.path.split('/')[0..-2].join("/") if uri.path.split('/').last == "legalcode"
+      if uri.host == 'creativecommons.org'
+        uri.path = uri.path.split('/')[0..-2].join('/') if uri.path.split('/').last == 'legalcode'
         uri.path << '/' unless uri.path.end_with?('/')
       else
         uri.path = uri.path.gsub(/(-license|\.php|\.html)/, '')
         uri.path = uri.path.sub(/(mit|afl|apl|osl|gpl|ecl)/) { |match| match.upcase }
         uri.path = uri.path.sub(/(artistic|apache)/) { |match| match.titleize }
-        uri.path = uri.path.sub(/([^0-9\-]+)(-)?([1-9])?(\.)?([0-9])?$/) do
+        uri.path = uri.path.sub(/([^0-9-]+)(-)?([1-9])?(\.)?([0-9])?$/) do
           m = Regexp.last_match
           text = m[1]
 
           if m[3].present?
-            version = [m[3], m[5].presence || "0"].join(".")
-            [text, version].join("-")
+            version = [m[3], m[5].presence || '0'].join('.')
+            [text, version].join('-')
           else
             text
           end
@@ -748,103 +755,111 @@ module Briard
       nil
     end
 
-    def to_datacite_json(element, options={})
+    def to_datacite_json(element, options = {})
       a = Array.wrap(element).map do |e|
-        e.inject({}) {|h, (k,v)| h[k.dasherize] = v; h }
+        e.each_with_object({}) do |(k, v), h|
+          h[k.dasherize] = v
+        end
       end
       options[:first] ? a.unwrap : a.presence
     end
 
     def from_datacite_json(element)
       Array.wrap(element).map do |e|
-        e.inject({}) {|h, (k,v)| h[k.underscore] = v; h }
+        e.each_with_object({}) do |(k, v), h|
+          h[k.underscore] = v
+        end
       end
     end
 
     def to_schema_org(element)
-      mapping = { "type" => "@type", "id" => "@id", "title" => "name" }
+      mapping = { 'type' => '@type', 'id' => '@id', 'title' => 'name' }
 
       map_hash_keys(element: element, mapping: mapping)
     end
 
     def to_schema_org_creators(element)
       element = Array.wrap(element).map do |c|
-        c["affiliation"] = Array.wrap(c["affiliation"]).map do |a|
+        c['affiliation'] = Array.wrap(c['affiliation']).map do |a|
           if a.is_a?(String)
             name = a
             affiliation_identifier = nil
           else
-            name = a["name"]
-            affiliation_identifier = a["affiliationIdentifier"]
+            name = a['name']
+            affiliation_identifier = a['affiliationIdentifier']
           end
 
-          {
-            "@type" => "Organization",
-            "@id" => affiliation_identifier,
-            "name" => name }.compact
+          { '@type' => 'Organization', '@id' => affiliation_identifier, 'name' => name }.compact
         end.unwrap
-        c["@type"] = c["nameType"].present? ? c["nameType"][0..-3] : nil
-        c["@id"] = Array.wrap(c["nameIdentifiers"]).first.to_h.fetch("nameIdentifier", nil)
-        c["name"] = c["familyName"].present? ? [c["givenName"], c["familyName"]].join(" ") : c["name"]
-        c.except("nameIdentifiers", "nameType").compact
+        c['@type'] = c['nameType'].present? ? c['nameType'][0..-3] : nil
+        c['@id'] = Array.wrap(c['nameIdentifiers']).first.to_h.fetch('nameIdentifier', nil)
+        c['name'] =
+          c['familyName'].present? ? [c['givenName'], c['familyName']].join(' ') : c['name']
+        c.except('nameIdentifiers', 'nameType').compact
       end.unwrap
     end
 
     def to_schema_org_contributors(element)
       element = Array.wrap(element).map do |c|
-        c["affiliation"] = Array.wrap(c["affiliation"]).map do |a|
+        c['affiliation'] = Array.wrap(c['affiliation']).map do |a|
           if a.is_a?(String)
             name = a
             affiliation_identifier = nil
           else
-            name = a["name"]
-            affiliation_identifier = a["affiliationIdentifier"]
+            name = a['name']
+            affiliation_identifier = a['affiliationIdentifier']
           end
 
-          {
-            "@type" => "Organization",
-            "@id" => affiliation_identifier,
-            "name" => name }.compact
+          { '@type' => 'Organization', '@id' => affiliation_identifier, 'name' => name }.compact
         end.unwrap
-        c["@type"] = c["nameType"].present? ? c["nameType"][0..-3] : nil
-        c["@id"] = Array.wrap(c["nameIdentifiers"]).first.to_h.fetch("nameIdentifier", nil)
-        c["name"] = c["familyName"].present? ? [c["givenName"], c["familyName"]].join(" ") : c["name"]
-        c.except("nameIdentifiers", "nameType").compact
+        c['@type'] = c['nameType'].present? ? c['nameType'][0..-3] : nil
+        c['@id'] = Array.wrap(c['nameIdentifiers']).first.to_h.fetch('nameIdentifier', nil)
+        c['name'] =
+          c['familyName'].present? ? [c['givenName'], c['familyName']].join(' ') : c['name']
+        c.except('nameIdentifiers', 'nameType').compact
       end.unwrap
     end
 
-    def to_schema_org_container(element, options={})
-      return nil unless (element.is_a?(Hash) || (element.nil? && options[:container_title].present?))
+    def to_schema_org_container(element, options = {})
+      return nil unless element.is_a?(Hash) || (element.nil? && options[:container_title].present?)
 
       {
-        "@id" => element["identifier"],
-        "@type" => (options[:type] == "Dataset") ? "DataCatalog" : "Periodical",
-        "name" => element["title"] || options[:container_title] }.compact
+        '@id' => element['identifier'],
+        '@type' => options[:type] == 'Dataset' ? 'DataCatalog' : 'Periodical',
+        'name' => element['title'] || options[:container_title]
+      }.compact
     end
 
-    def to_schema_org_identifiers(element, options={})
+    def to_schema_org_identifiers(element, _options = {})
       Array.wrap(element).map do |ai|
         {
-          "@type" => "PropertyValue",
-          "propertyID" => ai["identifierType"],
-          "value" => ai["identifier"] }
+          '@type' => 'PropertyValue',
+          'propertyID' => ai['identifierType'],
+          'value' => ai['identifier']
+        }
       end.unwrap
     end
 
     def to_schema_org_relation(related_identifiers: nil, relation_type: nil)
       return nil unless related_identifiers.present? && relation_type.present?
 
-      relation_type = relation_type == "References" ? ["References", "Cites", "Documents"] : [relation_type]
-
-      Array.wrap(related_identifiers).select { |ri| relation_type.include?(ri["relationType"]) }.map do |r|
-        if r["relatedIdentifierType"] == "ISSN" && r["relationType"] == "IsPartOf"
-          {
-            "@type" => "Periodical",
-            "issn" => r["relatedIdentifier"] }.compact
+      relation_type = if relation_type == 'References'
+                        %w[References Cites
+                           Documents]
+                      else
+                        [relation_type]
+                      end
+
+      Array.wrap(related_identifiers).select do |ri|
+        relation_type.include?(ri['relationType'])
+      end.map do |r|
+        if r['relatedIdentifierType'] == 'ISSN' && r['relationType'] == 'IsPartOf'
+          { '@type' => 'Periodical', 'issn' => r['relatedIdentifier'] }.compact
         else
-        {
-          "@id" => normalize_id(r["relatedIdentifier"]),
-          "@type" => DC_TO_SO_TRANSLATIONS[r["resourceTypeGeneral"]] || "CreativeWork" }.compact
+          {
+            '@id' => normalize_id(r['relatedIdentifier']),
+            '@type' => DC_TO_SO_TRANSLATIONS[r['resourceTypeGeneral']] || 'CreativeWork'
+          }.compact
         end
       end.unwrap
     end
@@ -854,132 +869,162 @@ module Briard
 
       Array.wrap(funding_references).map do |fr|
         {
-          "@id" => fr["funderIdentifier"],
-          "@type" => "Organization",
-          "name" => fr["funderName"] }.compact
+          '@id' => fr['funderIdentifier'],
+          '@type' => 'Organization',
+          'name' => fr['funderName']
+        }.compact
       end.unwrap
     end
 
     def to_schema_org_spatial_coverage(geo_location)
       return nil unless geo_location.present?
 
-      Array.wrap(geo_location).reduce([]) do |sum, gl|
-        if gl.fetch("geoLocationPoint", nil)
+      Array.wrap(geo_location).each_with_object([]) do |gl, sum|
+        if gl.fetch('geoLocationPoint', nil)
           sum << {
-            "@type" => "Place",
-            "geo" => {
-              "@type" => "GeoCoordinates",
-              "address" => gl["geoLocationPlace"],
-              "latitude" => gl.dig("geoLocationPoint", "pointLatitude"),
-              "longitude" => gl.dig("geoLocationPoint", "pointLongitude") }
+            '@type' => 'Place',
+            'geo' => {
+              '@type' => 'GeoCoordinates',
+              'address' => gl['geoLocationPlace'],
+              'latitude' => gl.dig('geoLocationPoint', 'pointLatitude'),
+              'longitude' => gl.dig('geoLocationPoint', 'pointLongitude')
+            }
           }.compact
         end
 
-        if gl.fetch("geoLocationBox", nil)
+        if gl.fetch('geoLocationBox', nil)
           sum << {
-            "@type" => "Place",
-            "geo" => {
-              "@type" => "GeoShape",
-              "address" => gl["geoLocationPlace"],
-              "box" => [gl.dig("geoLocationBox", "southBoundLatitude"),
-                        gl.dig("geoLocationBox", "westBoundLongitude"),
-                        gl.dig("geoLocationBox", "northBoundLatitude"),
-                        gl.dig("geoLocationBox", "eastBoundLongitude")].compact.join(" ").presence }.compact
+            '@type' => 'Place',
+            'geo' => {
+              '@type' => 'GeoShape',
+              'address' => gl['geoLocationPlace'],
+              'box' => [gl.dig('geoLocationBox', 'southBoundLatitude'),
+                        gl.dig('geoLocationBox', 'westBoundLongitude'),
+                        gl.dig('geoLocationBox', 'northBoundLatitude'),
+                        gl.dig('geoLocationBox', 'eastBoundLongitude')].compact.join(' ').presence
+            }.compact
           }.compact
         end
 
-        if gl.fetch("geoLocationPolygon", nil)
+        if gl.fetch('geoLocationPolygon', nil)
           sum << {
-            "@type" => "Place",
-            "geo" => {
-              "@type" => "GeoShape",
-              "address" => gl["geoLocationPlace"],
-              "polygon" => Array.wrap(gl.dig("geoLocationPolygon")).map do |glp|
+            '@type' => 'Place',
+            'geo' => {
+              '@type' => 'GeoShape',
+              'address' => gl['geoLocationPlace'],
+              'polygon' => Array.wrap(gl.dig('geoLocationPolygon')).map do |glp|
                 Array.wrap(glp).map do |glpp|
-                  [glpp.dig("polygonPoint", "pointLongitude"), glpp.dig("polygonPoint", "pointLatitude")].compact
+                  [glpp.dig('polygonPoint', 'pointLongitude'),
+                   glpp.dig('polygonPoint', 'pointLatitude')].compact
                 end.compact
-              end.compact.presence,
-              }
+              end.compact.presence
+            }
           }
         end
 
-        if gl.fetch("geoLocationPlace", nil) && !gl.fetch("geoLocationPoint", nil) && !gl.fetch("geoLocationBox", nil) && !gl.fetch("geoLocationPolygon", nil)
-          sum << {
-            "@type" => "Place",
-            "geo" => {
-              "@type" => "GeoCoordinates",
-              "address" => gl["geoLocationPlace"] }
-          }.compact
-        end
-
-        sum
+        next unless gl.fetch('geoLocationPlace',
+                             nil) && !gl.fetch('geoLocationPoint',
+                                               nil) && !gl.fetch('geoLocationBox',
+                                                                 nil) && !gl.fetch(
+                                                                   'geoLocationPolygon', nil
+                                                                 )
+
+        sum << {
+          '@type' => 'Place',
+          'geo' => {
+            '@type' => 'GeoCoordinates',
+            'address' => gl['geoLocationPlace']
+          }
+        }.compact
       end.unwrap
     end
 
     def from_schema_org(element)
-      mapping = { "@type" => "type", "@id" => "id" }
+      mapping = { '@type' => 'type', '@id' => 'id' }
 
       map_hash_keys(element: element, mapping: mapping)
     end
 
     def from_schema_org_creators(element)
       element = Array.wrap(element).map do |c|
-        if c["affiliation"].is_a?(String)
-          c["affiliation"] = { "name" => c["affiliation"] }
+        if c['affiliation'].is_a?(String)
+          c['affiliation'] = { 'name' => c['affiliation'] }
           affiliation_identifier_scheme = nil
           scheme_uri = nil
-        elsif c.dig("affiliation", "@id").to_s.starts_with?("https://ror.org")
-          affiliation_identifier_scheme = "ROR"
-          scheme_uri = "https://ror.org/"
-        elsif c.dig("affiliation", "@id").to_s.starts_with?("https://isni.org")
-          affiliation_identifier_scheme = "ISNI"
-          scheme_uri = "https://isni.org/isni/"
+        elsif c.dig('affiliation', '@id').to_s.starts_with?('https://ror.org')
+          affiliation_identifier_scheme = 'ROR'
+          scheme_uri = 'https://ror.org/'
+        elsif c.dig('affiliation', '@id').to_s.starts_with?('https://isni.org')
+          affiliation_identifier_scheme = 'ISNI'
+          scheme_uri = 'https://isni.org/isni/'
         else
           affiliation_identifier_scheme = nil
           scheme_uri = nil
         end
 
         # alternatively find the nameIdentifier in the identifer attribute
-        c["@id"] = c["identifier"] if c["identifier"].present? && c["@id"].blank?
+        c['@id'] = c['identifier'] if c['identifier'].present? && c['@id'].blank?
 
         # alternatively find the nameIdentifier in the sameAs attribute
-        c["@id"] = c["sameAs"].first if Array(c["sameAs"]).find { |item| URI(item).host == "orcid.org" }
-
-        c["nameIdentifier"] = [{ "__content__" => c["@id"], "nameIdentifierScheme" => "ORCID", "schemeUri" => "https://orcid.org" }] if normalize_orcid(c["@id"])
-        c["@type"] = c["@type"].find { |t| %w(Person Organization).include?(t) } if c["@type"].is_a?(Array)
-        c["creatorName"] = { "nameType" => c["@type"].present? ? c["@type"].titleize + "al" : nil, "__content__" => c["name"] }.compact
-        c["affiliation"] = { "__content__" => c.dig("affiliation", "name"), "affiliationIdentifier" => c.dig("affiliation", "@id"), "affiliationIdentifierScheme" => affiliation_identifier_scheme, "schemeUri" => scheme_uri }.compact.presence
-        c.except("@id", "@type", "name").compact
+        c['@id'] = c['sameAs'].first if Array(c['sameAs']).find do |item|
+                                          URI(item).host == 'orcid.org'
+                                        end
+
+        if normalize_orcid(c['@id'])
+          c['nameIdentifier'] =
+            [{ '__content__' => c['@id'], 'nameIdentifierScheme' => 'ORCID',
+               'schemeUri' => 'https://orcid.org' }]
+        end
+        if c['@type'].is_a?(Array)
+          c['@type'] = c['@type'].find do |t|
+            %w[Person Organization].include?(t)
+          end
+        end
+        c['creatorName'] =
+          { 'nameType' => c['@type'].present? ? c['@type'].titleize + 'al' : nil,
+            '__content__' => c['name'] }.compact
+        c['affiliation'] =
+          { '__content__' => c.dig('affiliation', 'name'),
+            'affiliationIdentifier' => c.dig('affiliation', '@id'), 'affiliationIdentifierScheme' => affiliation_identifier_scheme, 'schemeUri' => scheme_uri }.compact.presence
+        c.except('@id', '@type', 'name').compact
       end
     end
 
     def from_schema_org_contributors(element)
       element = Array.wrap(element).map do |c|
-        if c["affiliation"].is_a?(String)
-          c["affiliation"] = { "name" => c["affiliation"] }
+        if c['affiliation'].is_a?(String)
+          c['affiliation'] = { 'name' => c['affiliation'] }
           affiliation_identifier_scheme = nil
           scheme_uri = nil
-        elsif c.dig("affiliation", "@id").to_s.starts_with?("https://ror.org")
-          affiliation_identifier_scheme = "ROR"
-          scheme_uri = "https://ror.org/"
-        elsif c.dig("affiliation", "@id").to_s.starts_with?("https://isni.org")
-          affiliation_identifier_scheme = "ISNI"
-          scheme_uri = "https://isni.org/isni/"
+        elsif c.dig('affiliation', '@id').to_s.starts_with?('https://ror.org')
+          affiliation_identifier_scheme = 'ROR'
+          scheme_uri = 'https://ror.org/'
+        elsif c.dig('affiliation', '@id').to_s.starts_with?('https://isni.org')
+          affiliation_identifier_scheme = 'ISNI'
+          scheme_uri = 'https://isni.org/isni/'
         else
           affiliation_identifier_scheme = nil
           scheme_uri = nil
         end
 
-        c["nameIdentifier"] = [{ "__content__" => c["@id"], "nameIdentifierScheme" => "ORCID", "schemeUri" => "https://orcid.org" }] if normalize_orcid(c["@id"])
-        c["contributorName"] = { "nameType" => c["@type"].present? ? c["@type"].titleize + "al" : nil, "__content__" => c["name"] }.compact
-        c["affiliation"] = { "__content__" => c.dig("affiliation", "name"), "affiliationIdentifier" => c.dig("affiliation", "@id"), "affiliationIdentifierScheme" => affiliation_identifier_scheme, "schemeUri" => scheme_uri }.compact.presence
-        c.except("@id", "@type", "name").compact
+        if normalize_orcid(c['@id'])
+          c['nameIdentifier'] =
+            [{ '__content__' => c['@id'], 'nameIdentifierScheme' => 'ORCID',
+               'schemeUri' => 'https://orcid.org' }]
+        end
+        c['contributorName'] =
+          { 'nameType' => c['@type'].present? ? c['@type'].titleize + 'al' : nil,
+            '__content__' => c['name'] }.compact
+        c['affiliation'] =
+          { '__content__' => c.dig('affiliation', 'name'),
+            'affiliationIdentifier' => c.dig('affiliation', '@id'), 'affiliationIdentifierScheme' => affiliation_identifier_scheme, 'schemeUri' => scheme_uri }.compact.presence
+        c.except('@id', '@type', 'name').compact
       end
     end
 
     def map_hash_keys(element: nil, mapping: nil)
       Array.wrap(element).map do |a|
-        a.map {|k, v| [mapping.fetch(k, k), v] }.reduce({}) do |hsh, (k, v)|
+        a.map { |k, v| [mapping.fetch(k, k), v] }.reduce({}) do |hsh, (k, v)|
           if v.is_a?(Hash)
             hsh[k] = to_schema_org(v)
             hsh
@@ -993,48 +1038,50 @@ module Briard
 
     def to_identifier(identifier)
       {
-        "@type" => "PropertyValue",
-        "propertyID" => identifier["relatedIdentifierType"],
-        "value" => identifier["relatedIdentifier"] }
+        '@type' => 'PropertyValue',
+        'propertyID' => identifier['relatedIdentifierType'],
+        'value' => identifier['relatedIdentifier']
+      }
     end
 
     def from_citeproc(element)
       Array.wrap(element).map do |a|
-        if a["literal"].present?
-          a["@type"] = "Organization"
-          a["name"] = a["literal"]
+        if a['literal'].present?
+          a['@type'] = 'Organization'
+          a['name'] = a['literal']
         else
-          a["@type"] = "Person"
-          a["name"] = [a["given"], a["family"]].compact.join(" ")
+          a['@type'] = 'Person'
+          a['name'] = [a['given'], a['family']].compact.join(' ')
         end
-        a["givenName"] = a["given"]
-        a["familyName"] = a["family"]
-        a.except("given", "family", "literal").compact
+        a['givenName'] = a['given']
+        a['familyName'] = a['family']
+        a.except('given', 'family', 'literal').compact
       end.unwrap
     end
 
     def to_citeproc(element)
       Array.wrap(element).map do |a|
-        a["family"] = a["familyName"]
-        a["given"] = a["givenName"]
-        a["literal"] = a["name"] unless a["familyName"].present?
-        a.except("nameType", "type", "@type", "id", "@id", "name", "familyName", "givenName", "affiliation", "nameIdentifiers", "contributorType").compact
+        a['family'] = a['familyName']
+        a['given'] = a['givenName']
+        a['literal'] = a['name'] unless a['familyName'].present?
+        a.except('nameType', 'type', '@type', 'id', '@id', 'name', 'familyName', 'givenName',
+                 'affiliation', 'nameIdentifiers', 'contributorType').compact
       end.presence
     end
 
     def to_ris(element)
       Array.wrap(element).map do |a|
-        if a["familyName"].present?
-          [a["familyName"], a["givenName"]].join(", ")
+        if a['familyName'].present?
+          [a['familyName'], a['givenName']].join(', ')
         else
-          a["name"]
+          a['name']
         end
       end.unwrap
     end
 
-    def sanitize(text, options={})
-      options[:tags] ||= Set.new(%w(strong em b i code pre sub sup br))
-      content = options[:content] || "__content__"
+    def sanitize(text, options = {})
+      options[:tags] ||= Set.new(%w[strong em b i code pre sub sup br])
+      content = options[:content] || '__content__'
       custom_scrubber = Briard::WhitelistScrubber.new(options)
 
       if text.is_a?(String)
@@ -1045,20 +1092,16 @@ module Briard
       elsif text.is_a?(Array)
         a = text.map { |e| e.is_a?(Hash) ? sanitize(e.fetch(content, nil)) : sanitize(e) }.uniq
         a = options[:first] ? a.first : a.unwrap
-      else
-        nil
       end
     end
 
     def github_from_url(url)
-      return {} unless /\Ahttps:\/\/github\.com\/(.+)(?:\/)?(.+)?(?:\/tree\/)?(.*)\z/.match(url)
+      return {} unless %r{\Ahttps://github\.com/(.+)(?:/)?(.+)?(?:/tree/)?(.*)\z}.match?(url)
+
       words = URI.parse(url).path[1..-1].split('/')
-      path = words.length > 3 ? words[4...words.length].join("/") : nil
+      path = words.length > 3 ? words[4...words.length].join('/') : nil
 
-      { owner: words[0],
-        repo: words[1],
-        release: words[3],
-        path: path }.compact
+      { owner: words[0], repo: words[1], release: words[3], path: path }.compact
     end
 
     def github_repo_from_url(url)
@@ -1080,18 +1123,22 @@ module Briard
 
     def github_as_repo_url(url)
       github_hash = github_from_url(url)
-      "https://github.com/#{github_hash[:owner]}/#{github_hash[:repo]}" if github_hash[:repo].present?
+      return unless github_hash[:repo].present?
+
+      "https://github.com/#{github_hash[:owner]}/#{github_hash[:repo]}"
     end
 
     def github_as_release_url(url)
       github_hash = github_from_url(url)
-      "https://github.com/#{github_hash[:owner]}/#{github_hash[:repo]}/tree/#{github_hash[:release]}" if github_hash[:release].present?
+      return unless github_hash[:release].present?
+
+      "https://github.com/#{github_hash[:owner]}/#{github_hash[:repo]}/tree/#{github_hash[:release]}"
     end
 
     def github_as_codemeta_url(url)
       github_hash = github_from_url(url)
 
-      if github_hash[:path].to_s.end_with?("codemeta.json")
+      if github_hash[:path].to_s.end_with?('codemeta.json')
         "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/#{github_hash[:owner]}/#{github_hash[:repo]}/#{github_hash[:release]}/#{github_hash[:path]}"
       elsif github_hash[:owner].present?
         "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/#{github_hash[:owner]}/#{github_hash[:repo]}/master/codemeta.json"
@@ -1101,7 +1148,7 @@ module Briard
     def github_as_cff_url(url)
       github_hash = github_from_url(url)
 
-      if github_hash[:path].to_s.end_with?("CITATION.cff")
+      if github_hash[:path].to_s.end_with?('CITATION.cff')
         "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/#{github_hash[:owner]}/#{github_hash[:repo]}/#{github_hash[:release]}/#{github_hash[:path]}"
       elsif github_hash[:owner].present?
         "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/#{github_hash[:owner]}/#{github_hash[:repo]}/main/CITATION.cff"
@@ -1120,13 +1167,17 @@ module Briard
     end
 
     def get_date_from_date_parts(date_as_parts)
-      date_parts = date_as_parts.fetch("date-parts", []).first
-      year, month, day = date_parts[0], date_parts[1], date_parts[2]
+      date_parts = date_as_parts.fetch('date-parts', []).first
+      year = date_parts[0]
+      month = date_parts[1]
+      day = date_parts[2]
       get_date_from_parts(year, month, day)
     end
 
     def get_date_from_parts(year, month = nil, day = nil)
-      [year.to_s.rjust(4, '0'), month.to_s.rjust(2, '0'), day.to_s.rjust(2, '0')].reject { |part| part == "00" }.join("-")
+      [year.to_s.rjust(4, '0'), month.to_s.rjust(2, '0'), day.to_s.rjust(2, '0')].reject do |part|
+        part == '00'
+      end.join('-')
     end
 
     def get_date_parts_from_parts(year, month = nil, day = nil)
@@ -1163,67 +1214,67 @@ module Briard
     # return nil if invalid iso8601 timestamp
     def get_datetime_from_iso8601(iso8601_time)
       ISO8601::DateTime.new(iso8601_time).to_time.utc
-    rescue
+    rescue StandardError
       nil
     end
 
     # strip milliseconds if there is a time, as it interferes with edtc parsing
     # keep dates unchanged
     def strip_milliseconds(iso8601_time)
-      return iso8601_time.split(" ").first if iso8601_time.to_s.include? " "
+      return iso8601_time.split(' ').first if iso8601_time.to_s.include? ' '
 
-      return iso8601_time.split(".").first + "Z" if iso8601_time.to_s.include? "."
+      return iso8601_time.split('.').first + 'Z' if iso8601_time.to_s.include? '.'
 
-      return iso8601_time
-   end
+      iso8601_time
+    end
 
     # iso8601 datetime without hyphens and colons, used by Crossref
     # return nil if invalid
     def get_datetime_from_time(time)
-      DateTime.strptime(time.to_s, "%Y%m%d%H%M%S").strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
+      DateTime.strptime(time.to_s, '%Y%m%d%H%M%S').strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
     rescue ArgumentError
       nil
     end
 
     def get_date(dates, date_type)
-      dd = Array.wrap(dates).find { |d| d["dateType"] == date_type } || {}
-      dd.fetch("date", nil)
+      dd = Array.wrap(dates).find { |d| d['dateType'] == date_type } || {}
+      dd.fetch('date', nil)
     end
 
     def get_contributor(contributor, contributor_type)
-      contributor.select { |c| c["contributorType"] == contributor_type }
+      contributor.select { |c| c['contributorType'] == contributor_type }
     end
 
     def get_identifier(identifiers, identifier_type)
-      id = Array.wrap(identifiers).find { |i| i["identifierType"] == identifier_type } || {}
-      id.fetch("identifier", nil)
+      id = Array.wrap(identifiers).find { |i| i['identifierType'] == identifier_type } || {}
+      id.fetch('identifier', nil)
     end
 
     def get_identifier_type(identifier_type)
       return nil unless identifier_type.present?
 
       identifierTypes = {
-        "ark" => "ARK",
-        "arxiv" => "arXiv",
-        "bibcode" => "bibcode",
-        "doi" => "DOI",
-        "ean13" => "EAN13",
-        "eissn" => "EISSN",
-        "handle" => "Handle",
-        "igsn" => "IGSN",
-        "isbn" => "ISBN",
-        "issn" => "ISSN",
-        "istc" => "ISTC",
-        "lissn" => "LISSN",
-        "lsid" => "LSID",
-        "pmid" => "PMID",
-        "purl" => "PURL",
-        "upc" => "UPC",
-        "url" => "URL",
-        "urn" => "URN",
-        "md5" => "md5",
-        "minid" => "minid",
-        "dataguid" => "dataguid"
+        'ark' => 'ARK',
+        'arxiv' => 'arXiv',
+        'bibcode' => 'bibcode',
+        'doi' => 'DOI',
+        'ean13' => 'EAN13',
+        'eissn' => 'EISSN',
+        'handle' => 'Handle',
+        'igsn' => 'IGSN',
+        'isbn' => 'ISBN',
+        'issn' => 'ISSN',
+        'istc' => 'ISTC',
+        'lissn' => 'LISSN',
+        'lsid' => 'LSID',
+        'pmid' => 'PMID',
+        'purl' => 'PURL',
+        'upc' => 'UPC',
+        'url' => 'URL',
+        'urn' => 'URN',
+        'md5' => 'md5',
+        'minid' => 'minid',
+        'dataguid' => 'dataguid'
       }
 
       identifierTypes[identifier_type.downcase] || identifier_type
@@ -1232,26 +1283,27 @@ module Briard
     def get_series_information(str)
       return {} unless str.present?
 
-      str = str.split(",").map(&:strip)
+      str = str.split(',').map(&:strip)
 
       title = str.first
       volume_issue = str.length > 2 ? str[1].rpartition(/\(([^)]+)\)/) : nil
       volume = volume_issue.present? ? volume_issue[0].presence || volume_issue[2].presence : nil
       issue = volume_issue.present? ? volume_issue[1][1...-1].presence : nil
       pages = str.length > 1 ? str.last : nil
-      first_page = pages.present? ? pages.split("-").map(&:strip)[0] : nil
-      last_page = pages.present? ? pages.split("-").map(&:strip)[1] : nil
+      first_page = pages.present? ? pages.split('-').map(&:strip)[0] : nil
+      last_page = pages.present? ? pages.split('-').map(&:strip)[1] : nil
 
       {
-        "title" => title,
-        "volume" => volume,
-        "issue" => issue,
-        "firstPage" => first_page,
-        "lastPage" => last_page }.compact
+        'title' => title,
+        'volume' => volume,
+        'issue' => issue,
+        'firstPage' => first_page,
+        'lastPage' => last_page
+      }.compact
     end
 
     def jsonlint(json)
-      return ["No JSON provided"] unless json.present?
+      return ['No JSON provided'] unless json.present?
 
       error_array = []
       linter = JsonLint::Linter.new
@@ -1260,149 +1312,172 @@ module Briard
     end
 
     def name_to_spdx(name)
-      spdx = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../../resources/spdx/licenses.json', __FILE__))).fetch("licenses")
-      license = spdx.find { |l| l["name"] == name || l["licenseId"] == name || l["seeAlso"].first == normalize_cc_url(name) }
+      spdx = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../resources/spdx/licenses.json',
+                                                  __dir__))).fetch('licenses')
+      license = spdx.find do |l|
+        l['name'] == name || l['licenseId'] == name || l['seeAlso'].first == normalize_cc_url(name)
+      end
 
       if license
         {
-          "rights" => license["name"],
-          "rightsUri" => license["seeAlso"].first,
-          "rightsIdentifier" => license["licenseId"].downcase,
-          "rightsIdentifierScheme" => "SPDX",
-          "schemeUri" => "https://spdx.org/licenses/" }.compact
+          'rights' => license['name'],
+          'rightsUri' => license['seeAlso'].first,
+          'rightsIdentifier' => license['licenseId'].downcase,
+          'rightsIdentifierScheme' => 'SPDX',
+          'schemeUri' => 'https://spdx.org/licenses/'
+        }.compact
       else
-        { "rights" => name }
+        { 'rights' => name }
       end
     end
 
     def hsh_to_spdx(hsh)
-      spdx = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../../resources/spdx/licenses.json', __FILE__))).fetch("licenses")
-      license = spdx.find { |l| l["licenseId"].casecmp?(hsh["rightsIdentifier"]) || l["seeAlso"].first == normalize_cc_url(hsh["rightsURI"]) || l["name"] == hsh["rights"] || l["seeAlso"].first == normalize_cc_url(hsh["rights"]) }
+      spdx = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../resources/spdx/licenses.json',
+                                                  __dir__))).fetch('licenses')
+      license = spdx.find do |l|
+        l['licenseId'].casecmp?(hsh['rightsIdentifier']) || l['seeAlso'].first == normalize_cc_url(hsh['rightsURI']) || l['name'] == hsh['rights'] || l['seeAlso'].first == normalize_cc_url(hsh['rights'])
+      end
 
       if license
         {
-          "rights" => license["name"],
-          "rightsUri" => license["seeAlso"].first,
-          "rightsIdentifier" => license["licenseId"].downcase,
-          "rightsIdentifierScheme" => "SPDX",
-          "schemeUri" => "https://spdx.org/licenses/",
-          "lang" => hsh["lang"] }.compact
+          'rights' => license['name'],
+          'rightsUri' => license['seeAlso'].first,
+          'rightsIdentifier' => license['licenseId'].downcase,
+          'rightsIdentifierScheme' => 'SPDX',
+          'schemeUri' => 'https://spdx.org/licenses/',
+          'lang' => hsh['lang']
+        }.compact
       else
         {
-          "rights" => hsh["__content__"] || hsh["rights"],
-          "rightsUri" => hsh["rightsURI"] || hsh["rightsUri"],
-          "rightsIdentifier" => hsh["rightsIdentifier"].present? ? hsh["rightsIdentifier"].downcase : nil,
-          "rightsIdentifierScheme" => hsh["rightsIdentifierScheme"],
-          "schemeUri" => hsh["schemeUri"],
-          "lang" => hsh["lang"] }.compact
+          'rights' => hsh['__content__'] || hsh['rights'],
+          'rightsUri' => hsh['rightsURI'] || hsh['rightsUri'],
+          'rightsIdentifier' => hsh['rightsIdentifier'].present? ? hsh['rightsIdentifier'].downcase : nil,
+          'rightsIdentifierScheme' => hsh['rightsIdentifierScheme'],
+          'schemeUri' => hsh['schemeUri'],
+          'lang' => hsh['lang']
+        }.compact
       end
     end
 
     def name_to_fos(name)
       # first find subject in Fields of Science (OECD)
-      fos = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../../resources/oecd/fos-mappings.json', __FILE__))).fetch("fosFields")
+      fos = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../resources/oecd/fos-mappings.json',
+                                                 __dir__))).fetch('fosFields')
 
-      subject = fos.find { |l| l["fosLabel"] == name || "FOS: " + l["fosLabel"] == name }
+      subject = fos.find { |l| l['fosLabel'] == name || 'FOS: ' + l['fosLabel'] == name }
 
       if subject
         return [{
-          "subject" => sanitize(name).downcase
+          'subject' => sanitize(name).downcase
         },
-        {
-          "subject" => "FOS: " + subject["fosLabel"],
-          "subjectScheme" => "Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)",
-          "schemeUri" => "http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf"
-        }]
+                {
+                  'subject' => 'FOS: ' + subject['fosLabel'],
+                  'subjectScheme' => 'Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)',
+                  'schemeUri' => 'http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf'
+                }]
       end
 
       # if not found, look in Fields of Research (Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification)
       # and map to Fields of Science. Add an extra entry for the latter
-      fores = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../../resources/oecd/for-mappings.json', __FILE__)))
-      for_fields = fores.fetch("forFields")
-      for_disciplines = fores.fetch("forDisciplines")
+      fores = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../resources/oecd/for-mappings.json',
+                                                   __dir__)))
+      for_fields = fores.fetch('forFields')
+      for_disciplines = fores.fetch('forDisciplines')
 
-      subject = for_fields.find { |l| l["forLabel"] == name } ||
-                for_disciplines.find { |l| l["forLabel"] == name }
+      subject = for_fields.find { |l| l['forLabel'] == name } ||
+                for_disciplines.find { |l| l['forLabel'] == name }
 
       if subject
         [{
-          "subject" => sanitize(name).downcase 
+          'subject' => sanitize(name).downcase
         },
-        {
-          "subject" => "FOS: " + subject["fosLabel"],
-          "subjectScheme" => "Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)",
-          "schemeUri" => "http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf"
-        }]
+         {
+           'subject' => 'FOS: ' + subject['fosLabel'],
+           'subjectScheme' => 'Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)',
+           'schemeUri' => 'http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf'
+         }]
       else
-        [{ "subject" => sanitize(name).downcase }]
+        [{ 'subject' => sanitize(name).downcase }]
       end
     end
 
     def hsh_to_fos(hsh)
       # first find subject in Fields of Science (OECD)
-      fos = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../../resources/oecd/fos-mappings.json', __FILE__))).fetch("fosFields")
-      subject = fos.find { |l| l["fosLabel"] == hsh["__content__"] || "FOS: " + l["fosLabel"] == hsh["__content__"] || l["fosLabel"] == hsh["subject"]}
+      fos = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../resources/oecd/fos-mappings.json',
+                                                 __dir__))).fetch('fosFields')
+      subject = fos.find do |l|
+        l['fosLabel'] == hsh['__content__'] || 'FOS: ' + l['fosLabel'] == hsh['__content__'] || l['fosLabel'] == hsh['subject']
+      end
 
       if subject
         return [{
-          "subject" => sanitize(hsh["__content__"] || hsh["subject"]),
-          "subjectScheme" => hsh["subjectScheme"],
-          "schemeUri" => hsh["schemeURI"] || hsh["schemeUri"],
-          "valueUri" => hsh["valueURI"] || hsh["valueUri"],
-          "classificationCode" => hsh["classificationCode"],
-          "lang" => hsh["lang"] }.compact,
-        {
-          "subject" => "FOS: " + subject["fosLabel"],
-          "subjectScheme" => "Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)",
-          "schemeUri" => "http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf" }.compact]
+          'subject' => sanitize(hsh['__content__'] || hsh['subject']),
+          'subjectScheme' => hsh['subjectScheme'],
+          'schemeUri' => hsh['schemeURI'] || hsh['schemeUri'],
+          'valueUri' => hsh['valueURI'] || hsh['valueUri'],
+          'classificationCode' => hsh['classificationCode'],
+          'lang' => hsh['lang']
+        }.compact,
+                {
+                  'subject' => 'FOS: ' + subject['fosLabel'],
+                  'subjectScheme' => 'Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)',
+                  'schemeUri' => 'http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf'
+                }.compact]
       end
 
       # if not found, look in Fields of Research (Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification)
       # and map to Fields of Science. Add an extra entry for the latter
-      fores = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../../resources/oecd/for-mappings.json', __FILE__)))
-      for_fields = fores.fetch("forFields")
-      for_disciplines = fores.fetch("forDisciplines")
+      fores = JSON.load(File.read(File.expand_path('../../resources/oecd/for-mappings.json',
+                                                   __dir__)))
+      for_fields = fores.fetch('forFields')
+      for_disciplines = fores.fetch('forDisciplines')
 
       # try to extract forId
-      if hsh["subjectScheme"] == "FOR"
-        for_id = hsh["__content__"].to_s.split(" ").first || hsh["subject"].to_s.split(" ").first
-        for_id = for_id.rjust(6, "0")
+      if hsh['subjectScheme'] == 'FOR'
+        for_id = hsh['__content__'].to_s.split(' ').first || hsh['subject'].to_s.split(' ').first
+        for_id = for_id.rjust(6, '0')
 
-        subject = for_fields.find { |l| l["forId"] == for_id } ||
-                  for_disciplines.find { |l| l["forId"] == for_id[0..3] }
+        subject = for_fields.find { |l| l['forId'] == for_id } ||
+                  for_disciplines.find { |l| l['forId'] == for_id[0..3] }
       else
-        subject = for_fields.find { |l| l["forLabel"] == hsh["__content__"] || l["forLabel"] == hsh["subject"] } ||
-                  for_disciplines.find { |l| l["forLabel"] == hsh["__content__"] || l["forLabel"] == hsh["subject"] }
+        subject = for_fields.find do |l|
+          l['forLabel'] == hsh['__content__'] || l['forLabel'] == hsh['subject']
+        end ||
+                  for_disciplines.find do |l|
+                    l['forLabel'] == hsh['__content__'] || l['forLabel'] == hsh['subject']
+                  end
       end
 
       if subject
         [{
-          "subject" => sanitize(hsh["__content__"] || hsh["subject"]),
-          "subjectScheme" => hsh["subjectScheme"],
-          "classificationCode" => hsh["classificationCode"],
-          "schemeUri" => hsh["schemeURI"] || hsh["schemeUri"],
-          "valueUri" => hsh["valueURI"] || hsh["valueUri"],
-          "lang" => hsh["lang"] }.compact,
-        {
-          "subject" => "FOS: " + subject["fosLabel"],
-          "subjectScheme" => "Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)",
-          "schemeUri" => "http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf"
-        }]
+          'subject' => sanitize(hsh['__content__'] || hsh['subject']),
+          'subjectScheme' => hsh['subjectScheme'],
+          'classificationCode' => hsh['classificationCode'],
+          'schemeUri' => hsh['schemeURI'] || hsh['schemeUri'],
+          'valueUri' => hsh['valueURI'] || hsh['valueUri'],
+          'lang' => hsh['lang']
+        }.compact,
+         {
+           'subject' => 'FOS: ' + subject['fosLabel'],
+           'subjectScheme' => 'Fields of Science and Technology (FOS)',
+           'schemeUri' => 'http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf'
+         }]
       else
         [{
-          "subject" => sanitize(hsh["__content__"] || hsh["subject"]),
-          "subjectScheme" => hsh["subjectScheme"],
-          "classificationCode" => hsh["classificationCode"],
-          "schemeUri" => hsh["schemeURI"] || hsh["schemeUri"],
-          "valueUri" => hsh["valueURI"] || hsh["valueUri"],
-          "lang" => hsh["lang"] }.compact]
+          'subject' => sanitize(hsh['__content__'] || hsh['subject']),
+          'subjectScheme' => hsh['subjectScheme'],
+          'classificationCode' => hsh['classificationCode'],
+          'schemeUri' => hsh['schemeURI'] || hsh['schemeUri'],
+          'valueUri' => hsh['valueURI'] || hsh['valueUri'],
+          'lang' => hsh['lang']
+        }.compact]
       end
     end
 
     def encode_doi(prefix)
-      random_int = SecureRandom.random_number(2**63..2**64-1)
+      random_int = SecureRandom.random_number(2**63..(2**64) - 1)
       suffix = Base32::URL.encode(random_int)
-      str = "#{suffix[0,7]}-#{suffix[6,7]}"
+      str = "#{suffix[0, 7]}-#{suffix[6, 7]}"
       "https://doi.org/#{prefix}/#{str}"
     end