blackstart 0.2.0 → 0.9.0

data/LICENSE

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data/README

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+Blackstart
+
+Blackstart is a small, subdued library for automated testing in Ruby. It
+doesn't depend on anything beyond the Ruby platform and doesn't modify the
+environment beyond its conventional namespace. The program that tests it is
+written in primitive Ruby, with no other testing library, so it can be verified
+straightforwardly.
+
+The blackstart is a small, subdued bird that eats bugs. A black start is when
+an inactive power plant restarts by means of an independent power source rather
+than the electrical grid.
+
+Here's an example of a test program that uses Blackstart:
+
+  require "blackstart"
+
+  exit Blackstart.run [
+    lambda {
+      unless "Hello, World!" == ["He", "", "o, Wor", "d!"].join("l")
+        raise "join did not work as expected"
+      end
+    },
+
+    lambda {
+      unless "sample" == "simple".gsub(/i/, "a")
+        raise "gsub did not work as expected"
+      end
+    }
+  ]
+
+Blackstart.run runs a sequence of tests and reports information about any that
+fail. It returns false if there were failures, true otherwise.
+
+An array of procs is an easy way to represent a sequence of tests. In general,
+the sequence can be any object that responds to an each message in the
+conventional way and each test object in the sequence can be any object that
+(1) is a proc or converts to one via to_proc and (2) converts to a string via
+to_s.
+
+Each test is run by converting the test object to a proc if necessary and then
+calling it in the context of a new instance of Blackstart::Scratchpad; if and
+only if this raises an error (any exception that's a kind of StandardError),
+Blackstart.run interprets it as a failed test.
+
+After each test failure, Blackstart.run sends a puts message to the output
+stream -- its second parameter, which is $stdout by default -- with seven
+positional arguments: (1) "FAILED TEST:", (2) the test object converted to a
+string, (3) "...ERROR:", (4) the error's class converted to a string, (5) the
+error converted to a string, (6) the error's backtrace array or an empty array
+if it has no backtrace, and (7) an empty string. With the standard output
+stream, a failure produces output resembling this:
+
+  FAILED TEST:
+  #<Proc:0x0000000fe2e010@test.rb:4 (lambda)>
+  ...ERROR:
+  RuntimeError
+  join did not work as expected
+  test.rb:6:in `block in <main>'
+  [more backtrace lines]
+  [blank line]
+
+If a test raises a non-StandardError exception, Blackstart.run interprets it as
+a system-level event or fundamental problem: it immediately raises the
+exception and doesn't run any more tests.
+
+The library provides little beyond this, but it supports more sophisticated
+uses. Some examples follow.
+
+
+- Exiting with the appropriate status
+
+You may want your test program to exit with a successful status only if there
+were no failures, perhaps so it can work as part of a testing script. You can
+do this by using the object returned by Blackstart.run as the argument to
+Kernel#exit. Blackstart.run returns false if there were failures, true
+otherwise.
+
+
+- Defining helpers
+
+You may want to enable all your tests to assert something, generate test data,
+or perform some other task by sending a message. You could implement this
+statelessly in a singleton object or all instances of Object, for example, but
+there's another option that may be more convenient. When Blackstart.run calls a
+test proc, it sets the self object to a new instance of Blackstart::Scratchpad.
+You can define instance methods in that class. For example:
+
+  class Blackstart::Scratchpad
+    def assert boolean
+      raise "assertion failed" unless boolean
+    end
+
+    def make_products
+      @cabbage = { :description => "head of cabbage", :price => 125 }
+      @orange = { :description => "Cara Cara navel orange", :price => 100 }
+      nil
+    end
+  end
+
+All your test procs can use them by sending messages to self. These methods,
+like the test proc itself, can see and modify instance variables and other
+elements of the scratchpad's state. The scratchpad is disposable:
+Blackstart.run discards it after the test is complete.
+
+
+- Running code before and after each test
+
+You may want to run code before and after each test -- for example, to create
+objects needed in tests or clean up resources without requiring every test to
+do these explicitly. You can do this by defining a custom
+Blackstart::Scratchpad#instance_exec. For example:
+
+  class Blackstart::Scratchpad
+    def instance_exec(*)
+      puts "before test"
+      @variable = "example"
+      super
+    ensure
+      puts "after test"
+    end
+  end
+
+Use this technique with care because the test proc could send instance_exec
+messages to self.
+
+
+- Building a test collection in stages
+
+You may want to build a test collection in stages rather than all at once. This
+can be done straightforwardly:
+
+  require "blackstart"
+
+  TESTS = []
+
+  TESTS.concat [
+    lambda {
+      unless "Hello, World!" == ["He", "", "o, Wor", "d!"].join("l")
+        raise "join did not work as expected"
+      end
+    }
+  ]
+
+  TESTS.concat [
+    lambda {
+      unless "sample" == "simple".gsub(/i/, "a")
+        raise "gsub did not work as expected"
+      end
+    }
+  ]
+
+  exit Blackstart.run TESTS
+
+This pattern is useful if you want to define your tests in multiple files: you
+create a collection with an agreed-upon name, load multiple files, each of
+which adds test objects to that collection, and then run all the tests.
+
+
+- Running tests in random order
+
+To check if you have any tests that depend on other tests having run, or not
+having run, earlier, you may want to run your tests in random order.
+Blackstart.run runs a sequence of tests in order, but you can pass it a
+randomly-ordered sequence. Array#shuffle may be helpful for this. If you use
+Array#shuffle or something similar, you may also want to print the random seed
+just before the tests are shuffled so you can rerun your tests in the same
+order by setting the random seed.
+
+
+- Reporting detailed test descriptions
+
+After a test fails, Blackstart.run writes a string describing the test to the
+output stream. It gets this string by sending a to_s message to the test
+object. When the test object is an instance of Proc, the returned string
+typically includes the file path and line number where it was defined: helpful,
+but it won't be immediately clear what was being tested.
+
+You can improve this by designing your own test objects. Blackstart.run does
+not strictly need a sequence of procs; it also works with a sequence of objects
+that convert to procs in response to to_proc messages. Your custom test objects
+can respond to to_s with detailed descriptions instead of mere file paths and
+line numbers.
+
+
+- Handling failures differently
+
+Blackstart.run handles each failure by sending a puts message to the output
+stream, one of its parameters, with failure information. By default, the output
+stream is $stdout, so the default behavior is to print unadorned failure
+information to standard output. But you can specify any object as the output
+stream -- even if it's not really a stream -- allowing you to handle failure
+information however you want.
+
+
+- Running multiple tests at the same time
+
+Although Blackstart.run is written in a sequential style, it can run multiple
+tests at the same time. Blackstart.run sends an each message with a block to
+your test collection, expecting the block to be executed once for each test;
+your test collection can execute the block in multiple threads concurrently.
+For your program to work well in this mode, your tests and the output stream
+must work correctly when used from multiple threads.

data/lib/blackstart.rb

@@ -1,92 +1,66 @@
 ##
-# This module provides facilities for defining and running automated tests.
+# This module provides facilities for running automated tests.
 
 module Blackstart
 
   ##
-  # Calls the block and returns a string describing the error raised, if any.
-  #
-  # In detail: This method sends call with no arguments to the object
-  # representing the block. If that raises an error -- that is, an exception
-  # whose class is StandardError or a descendent of StandardError -- this
-  # method creates a string describing that error and returns it; the
-  # description includes the error's class, message, and backtrace (if any). If
-  # sending the message raises any other exception, this method raises that
-  # exception. If sending the message does not raise an exception, this method
-  # returns nil.
+  # A class for tests' disposable helper objects.
 
-  def self.vet &prc
-    prc.call
-    nil
-  rescue ::StandardError
-    # Like IO#puts, separate lines with a line feed character rather than $\.
-    ["#{$!.class}: #{$!.message}"].concat($!.backtrace || []).join "\n"
+  class Scratchpad
   end
 
   ##
-  # Allows the block to add procs to a collection, which it returns.
-  #
-  # In detail: This method sends call with one positional argument, an adder
-  # object, to the object representing the block, director. This block can send
-  # call messages to the adder to add objects representing the respective
-  # blocks to the collection, sink. With each sending of call, the object to be
-  # added will be either a proc (if call is sent with a block) or nil (if call
-  # is sent without a block). If any non-block arguments are sent with the call
-  # message, an exception is raised. To add the object, the adder sends a <<
-  # message to sink with the object as the positional argument and no other
-  # arguments. The adder returns nil in response to a call message if it
-  # returns at all. This method returns sink.
-  #
-  # By default, sink is a new empty array.
-
-  def self.add sink = [], &director
-    director.call ::Kernel.lambda { |&prc|
-      sink << prc
-      nil
-    }
-    sink
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # A class for the contexts (the self objects) of tests.
-
-  class Context
-  end
-
-  ##
-  # Runs the tests, writes any failure information to the output stream, and
+  # Runs tests, writes any failure information to the output stream, and
   # returns a boolean indicating whether there were no failures.
   #
-  # In detail: This method expects the sequence of test objects, source, to
-  # respond to an each message by yielding successive test objects to its
-  # block. Each test is run by converting the test object to a proc and calling
-  # it in the context of a new instance of Blackstart::Context. A failure is
-  # when the test raises an error (that is, an exception whose class is
-  # StandardError or a descendent of StandardError). After a failure, this
-  # method sends a puts message to the output stream, ostream, with these
-  # arguments (positional, in order): a string "FAILED TEST:", the test object
-  # converted to a string via to_s, a string "...ERROR:", a string describing
-  # the error, and an empty string. If a test raises any other exception, this
-  # method immediately raises that exception. After it has run all the tests
-  # and handled any failures, this method returns false if there were failures
-  # or true otherwise.
+  # In detail: This method sends an each message with a block to the sequence
+  # of test objects, source, expecting it to yield to the block once for each
+  # test object in the sequence with that test object as the first argument.
+  # Each test involves creating a new scratchpad -- an instance of
+  # Blackstart::Scratchpad -- and sending an instance_exec message to it with
+  # the test object as the block, which converts the test object to a proc via
+  # to_proc if it's not already a proc. The resulting proc is called with no
+  # arguments and no block; the self object is set to the scratchpad. A failure
+  # is when the test (which includes any initial conversion to a proc) raises
+  # an error: an exception whose class is StandardError or a descendant of
+  # StandardError. After a failure, this method sends a puts message to the
+  # output stream, ostream, with no block and these arguments (positional, in
+  # order): a string "FAILED TEST:"; the test object converted to a string via
+  # to_s; a string "...ERROR:"; the error's class converted to a string via
+  # to_s; the error converted to a string via to_s; the error's backtrace or an
+  # empty array if the error signals that it has no backtrace; and an empty
+  # string. It ignores the object returned by the output stream and continues
+  # running tests. If a test raises a non-error exception, this method
+  # immediately raises that exception. If a test does not raise an exception,
+  # this method interprets it as a successful test; it ignores the object
+  # returned by the test and continues running tests. Whether the test fails
+  # or succeeds, the block sent with the each message returns nil. After it
+  # has run all the tests and handled any failures, this method returns false
+  # if there were failures, true otherwise. This method immediately raises any
+  # exception raised outside of a test.
   #
   # By default, ostream is $stdout.
 
   def self.run source, ostream = $stdout
-    success = true
-    for tst in source
-      # Convert to a proc and create a context outside the vet block so that
-      # this method will raise any exception that results instead of
-      # potentially treating it as a test failure.
-      prc = ::Proc.new(&tst)
-      context = Context.new
-      if err_desc = vet { context.instance_exec(&prc) }
-        success = false
-        ostream.puts "FAILED TEST:", tst.to_s, "...ERROR:", err_desc.to_s, ""
+    no_failures = true
+    source.each do |tst|
+      # Create the scratchpad outside the begin block so that this method will
+      # raise any exception that results instead of potentially treating it as
+      # a test failure.
+      scratchpad = ::Blackstart::Scratchpad.new
+      begin
+        scratchpad.instance_exec(&tst)
+      rescue ::StandardError => e
+        no_failures = false
+        ostream.puts "FAILED TEST:", tst.to_s, "...ERROR:", e.class.to_s,
+          e.to_s, e.backtrace || [], ""
       end
+      # Always return nil so that an each that's been modified to be sensitive
+      # to the block's return value can't behave differently based on the
+      # objects returned by the tests and the output stream.
+      nil
     end
-    success
+    no_failures
   end
 
 end

data/sig/blackstart.rbs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+module Blackstart
+  class Scratchpad
+  end
+
+  type test_proc = ^() [self: Scratchpad] -> void
+  interface _ConvertsToTestProc
+    def to_proc: () -> test_proc
+  end
+  type test = (test_proc | _ConvertsToTestProc) & ::_ToS
+
+  interface _OutputStream
+    def puts: (::String, ::String, ::String, ::String, ::String,
+      ::Array[::String], ::String) -> void
+  end
+
+  def self.run: (::_Each[test], ?_OutputStream) -> bool
+end