beaker-google 1.1.0 → 1.3.0

data/lib/beaker/hypervisor/google_compute_helper.rb

@@ -10,636 +10,654 @@ require 'ostruct'
 # TODO: Figure out what to do about the timeout thing
 #   TODO: Implement Google::Apis::RequestOptions on all calls (In lib/google/apis/options.rb)
 
-# Beaker helper module for doing API level Google Compute Engine interaction.
-class Beaker::GoogleComputeHelper
-  class GoogleComputeError < StandardError
-  end
+module Beaker
+  # Beaker helper module for doing API level Google Compute Engine interaction.
+  class GoogleComputeHelper
+    class GoogleComputeError < StandardError
+    end
 
-  SLEEPWAIT = 5
+    attr_reader :options
 
-  AUTH_URL = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/compute'
-  API_VERSION = 'v1'
-  BASE_URL = "https://www.googleapis.com/compute/#{API_VERSION}/projects/"
-  DEFAULT_ZONE_NAME = 'us-central1-a'
-  DEFAULT_MACHINE_TYPE = 'e2-standard-4'
-  DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME = 'default'
+    SLEEPWAIT = 5
 
-  VALID_PROTOS = ['tcp', 'udp', 'icmp', 'esp', 'ah', 'ipip', 'sctp']
+    AUTH_URL = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/compute'
+    API_VERSION = 'v1'
+    BASE_URL = "https://www.googleapis.com/compute/#{API_VERSION}/projects/"
+    DEFAULT_ZONE_NAME = 'us-central1-a'
+    DEFAULT_MACHINE_TYPE = 'e2-standard-4'
+    DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME = 'default'
 
-  GCP_AUTH_SCOPE = [
-    Google::Apis::ComputeV1::AUTH_COMPUTE,
-    Google::Apis::OsloginV1::AUTH_CLOUD_PLATFORM_READ_ONLY,
-  ].freeze
+    VALID_PROTOS = %w[tcp udp icmp esp ah ipip sctp].freeze
 
-  ##
-  # Create a new instance of the Google Compute Engine helper object
-  #
-  def initialize(options)
-    @options = options
-    @logger = options[:logger]
+    GCP_AUTH_SCOPE = [
+      ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::AUTH_COMPUTE,
+      ::Google::Apis::OsloginV1::AUTH_CLOUD_PLATFORM_READ_ONLY,
+    ].freeze
 
-    set_client(Beaker::Version::STRING)
+    ##
+    # Create a new instance of the Google Compute Engine helper object
+    #
+    def initialize(options)
+      @options = options
+      @logger = options[:logger]
 
-    # ::Google::Apis.logger = ::Logger.new(::STDERR)
-    # ::Google::Apis.logger.level = ::Logger::DEBUG
-    # ::Google::Apis.logger.level = ::Logger::WARN
+      client(Beaker::Version::STRING)
 
-    @options[:gce_project] = ENV['BEAKER_gce_project'] if ENV['BEAKER_gce_project']
+      # ::Google::Apis.logger = ::Logger.new(::STDERR)
+      # ::Google::Apis.logger.level = ::Logger::DEBUG
+      # ::Google::Apis.logger.level = ::Logger::WARN
 
-    @options[:gce_zone] = ENV.fetch('BEAKER_gce_zone', DEFAULT_ZONE_NAME)
-    @options[:gce_network] = ENV.fetch('BEAKER_gce_network', DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME)
-    @options[:gce_subnetwork] = ENV.fetch('BEAKER_gce_subnetwork', nil)
+      @options[:gce_project] = ENV['BEAKER_gce_project'] if ENV['BEAKER_gce_project']
 
-    @configure_ports = ENV.fetch('BEAKER_gce_ports', "").strip
-    # Split the ports based on commas, removing any empty values
-    @options[:gce_ports] = @configure_ports.split(/\s*?,\s*/).reject { |s| s.empty? }
+      @options[:gce_zone] = ENV.fetch('BEAKER_gce_zone', DEFAULT_ZONE_NAME)
+      @options[:gce_network] = ENV.fetch('BEAKER_gce_network', DEFAULT_NETWORK_NAME)
+      @options[:gce_subnetwork] = ENV.fetch('BEAKER_gce_subnetwork', nil)
 
-    raise 'You must specify a gce_project for Google Compute Engine instances!' unless @options[:gce_project]
+      # A non-empty BEAKER_gce_ports replaces gce_ports from the hosts file, as
+      # BEAKER_gce_project and BEAKER_gce_machine_type replace theirs. Either
+      # source may be a comma-separated string or a list.
+      env_ports = ENV.fetch('BEAKER_gce_ports', '').strip
+      ports = env_ports.empty? ? @options[:gce_ports] : env_ports
+      @options[:gce_ports] = Array(ports).flat_map { |entry| entry.to_s.split(',') }.map(&:strip).reject(&:empty?)
 
-    @options[:gce_ports].each do |port|
-      parts = port.split('/', 2)
-      raise "Invalid format for port #{port}. Should be 'port/proto'" unless parts.length == 2
-      proto = parts[1]
-      raise "Invalid value '#{proto}' for protocol in '#{port}'. Must be one of '#{VALID_PROTOS.join("', '")}'" unless VALID_PROTOS.include? proto
-    end
-    authorizer = authenticate
-    @compute = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::ComputeService.new
-    @compute.authorization = authorizer
+      raise 'You must specify a gce_project for Google Compute Engine instances!' unless @options[:gce_project]
 
-    # Find the appropriate username to log into created instances
-    @cloudoslogin = Google::Apis::OsloginV1::CloudOSLoginService.new
-    @cloudoslogin.authorization = authorizer
-  end
+      @options[:gce_ports].each do |port|
+        parts = port.split('/', 2)
+        raise "Invalid format for port #{port}. Should be 'port/proto'" unless parts.length == 2
 
-  ##
-  # Determines the default Google Compute zone based upon options and
-  # defaults
-  #
-  # @return [String] The name of the zone
-  def default_zone
-    @options[:gce_zone]
-  end
+        proto = parts[1]
+        unless VALID_PROTOS.include? proto
+          raise "Invalid value '#{proto}' for protocol in '#{port}'. Must be one of '#{VALID_PROTOS.join("', '")}'"
+        end
+      end
+      authorizer = authenticate
+      @compute = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::ComputeService.new
+      @compute.authorization = authorizer
+      # google-apis-compute_v1 sends a dated X-Goog-Api-Version header on every
+      # call, and a release can name a version Compute Engine doesn't accept yet
+      # (0.157.0 sends 2026-11-01, which is rejected). Request options are
+      # applied after that header, so pin the API version this helper targets.
+      @compute.request_options.header = { 'X-Goog-Api-Version' => API_VERSION }
+
+      # Find the appropriate username to log into created instances
+      @cloudoslogin = ::Google::Apis::OsloginV1::CloudOSLoginService.new
+      @cloudoslogin.authorization = authorizer
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Get the region name from the provided zone.
-  #
-  # Assume that the region is the name of the zone without
-  # the final - and zone letter
-  #
-  # @return [String] The name of the region
-  def default_region
-    @options[:gce_zone].split('-')[0..1].join('-')
-  end
+    ##
+    # Determines the default Google Compute zone based upon options and
+    # defaults
+    #
+    # @return [String] The name of the zone
+    def default_zone
+      @options[:gce_zone]
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Determines the default Google Compute network based upon defaults and
-  # options
-  #
-  # @return [String] The short name of the VPC network
-  def default_network
-    @options[:gce_network]
-  end
+    ##
+    # Get the region name from the provided zone.
+    #
+    # Assume that the region is the name of the zone without
+    # the final - and zone letter
+    #
+    # @return [String] The name of the region
+    def default_region
+      @options[:gce_zone].split('-')[0..1].join('-')
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Find the username for ssh to use with this connection
-  #
-  # @return [String] The username for ssh
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Auth::IDTokens::KeySourceError] if the key source failed to obtain public keys
-  # @raise [Google::Auth::IDTokens::VerificationError] if the token verification failed.
-  #     Additional data may be available in the error subclass and message.
-  def ssh_username
-    authorizer = @compute.authorization
-    # This is a bit of a hack based on what I found in a user (default application credentials)
-    # and a service account. There might be a better way of doing this.
-    case authorizer.class.to_s
-    when 'Google::Auth::UserRefreshCredentials'
-      authorizer.refresh!
-      userid = ::Google::Auth::IDTokens.verify_oidc(authorizer.id_token)['email']
-    when 'Google::Auth::ServiceAccountCredentials'
-      userid = authorizer.issuer
-    else
-      raise 'Unknown type of credential'
+    ##
+    # Determines the default Google Compute network based upon defaults and
+    # options
+    #
+    # @return [String] The short name of the VPC network
+    def default_network
+      @options[:gce_network]
     end
-    userid = "users/#{userid}" unless userid.start_with? 'users/'
-    @cloudoslogin.get_user_login_profile(userid).posix_accounts[0].username
-  end
 
-  ##
-  # Infer the network that a given subnetwork is attached to
-  #
-  # @param [String] subnetwork_name The name of the subnetwork
-  #
-  # @return [String] The short name of the network
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def default_network_from_subnet(subnetwork_name)
-    subnetwork = @compute.get_subnetwork(@options[:gce_project], default_region, subnetwork_name)
-    m = %r{.*/networks/(?<network_name>.*)\Z}.match subnetwork.network
-    nil if m.nil?
-    m['network_name']
-  end
+    ##
+    # Find the username for ssh to use with this connection
+    #
+    # @return [String] The username for ssh
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Auth::IDTokens::KeySourceError] if the key source failed to obtain public keys
+    # @raise [Google::Auth::IDTokens::VerificationError] if the token verification failed.
+    #     Additional data may be available in the error subclass and message.
+    def ssh_username
+      authorizer = @compute.authorization
+      # This is a bit of a hack based on what I found in a user (default application credentials)
+      # and a service account. There might be a better way of doing this.
+      case authorizer.class.to_s
+      when 'Google::Auth::UserRefreshCredentials'
+        authorizer.refresh!
+        userid = ::Google::Auth::IDTokens.verify_oidc(authorizer.id_token)['email']
+      when 'Google::Auth::ServiceAccountCredentials'
+        userid = authorizer.issuer
+      else
+        raise 'Unknown type of credential'
+      end
+      userid = "users/#{userid}" unless userid.start_with? 'users/'
+      @cloudoslogin.get_user_login_profile(userid).posix_accounts[0].username
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Determine the subnetwork to use for instances
-  #
-  # If the network is the 'default' network, get the 'default' subnetwork for the region.
-  # If no subnet is provided by the user, pick the first one out of the user-provided network
-  #
-  # @return [String] The name of the subnetwork that should be attached to the instances
-  def default_subnetwork
-    network_name = @options[:gce_network]
-    if network_name == 'default'
-      @options[:gce_subnetwork] ||= @compute.get_subnetwork(@options[:gce_project], default_region, 'default').name
-    elsif @options[:gce_subnetwork].nil?
-      # No subnet set, get the first subnet in our current region for the network
-      subnetwork = @compute.get_network(@options[:gce_project], network_name).subnetworks[0]
-      m = %r{.*/subnetworks/(?<subnetwork_name>.*)\Z}.match subnetwork
-      raise "Unable to find a subnetwork in provided network #{network_name}" if m.nil?
-
-      @options[:gce_subnetwork] = m['subnetwork_name']
+    ##
+    # Infer the network that a given subnetwork is attached to
+    #
+    # @param [String] subnetwork_name The name of the subnetwork
+    #
+    # @return [String] The short name of the network
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def default_network_from_subnet(subnetwork_name)
+      subnetwork = @compute.get_subnetwork(@options[:gce_project], default_region, subnetwork_name)
+      m = %r{.*/networks/(?<network_name>.*)\Z}.match subnetwork.network
+      nil if m.nil?
+      m['network_name']
     end
-    @options[:gce_subnetwork]
-  end
 
-  ##
-  # Set the user-agent information for the application.
-  #
-  # @param version The version number of Beaker currently running
-  def set_client(version)
-    ::Google::Apis::ClientOptions.default.application_name = 'beaker-google'
-    ::Google::Apis::ClientOptions.default.application_version = version
-  end
+    ##
+    # Determine the subnetwork to use for instances
+    #
+    # If the network is the 'default' network, get the 'default' subnetwork for the region.
+    # If no subnet is provided by the user, pick the first one out of the user-provided network
+    #
+    # @return [String] The name of the subnetwork that should be attached to the instances
+    def default_subnetwork
+      network_name = @options[:gce_network]
+      if network_name == 'default'
+        @options[:gce_subnetwork] ||= @compute.get_subnetwork(@options[:gce_project], default_region, 'default').name
+      elsif @options[:gce_subnetwork].nil?
+        # No subnet set, get the first subnet in our current region for the network
+        subnetwork = @compute.get_network(@options[:gce_project], network_name).subnetworks[0]
+        m = %r{.*/subnetworks/(?<subnetwork_name>.*)\Z}.match subnetwork
+        raise "Unable to find a subnetwork in provided network #{network_name}" if m.nil?
+
+        @options[:gce_subnetwork] = m['subnetwork_name']
+      end
+      @options[:gce_subnetwork]
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Creates an authentication object to use in the various Google APIs
-  #
-  # This method currently supports using application credentials via the
-  # GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable, and application default
-  # credentials.
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Auth::UserRefreshCredentials|Google::Auth::ServiceAccountCredentials]
-  #    Authorization object to pass to Google APIs
-  def authenticate
-    if ENV['GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS']
-      ::Google::Auth::ServiceAccountCredentials.from_env(scope: GCP_AUTH_SCOPE)
-    else
-      # Fall back to default application auth
-      ::Google::Auth.get_application_default(GCP_AUTH_SCOPE)
+    ##
+    # Set the user-agent information for the application.
+    #
+    # @param version The version number of Beaker currently running
+    def client(version)
+      ::Google::Apis::ClientOptions.default.application_name = 'beaker-google'
+      ::Google::Apis::ClientOptions.default.application_version = version
     end
-  end
 
-  ##
-  # Find the correct image object for a given project and name
-  #
-  # @param [String] image_project The project that owns the requested image
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the image in the project. This must
-  #   be the exact name of the image
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Image]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def get_image(project, name)
-    @compute.get_image(project, name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Creates an authentication object to use in the various Google APIs
+    #
+    # This method currently supports using application credentials via the
+    # GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable, and application default
+    # credentials.
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Auth::UserRefreshCredentials|Google::Auth::ServiceAccountCredentials]
+    #    Authorization object to pass to Google APIs
+    def authenticate
+      if ENV['GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS']
+        ::Google::Auth::ServiceAccountCredentials.from_env(scope: GCP_AUTH_SCOPE)
+      else
+        # Fall back to default application auth
+        ::Google::Auth.get_application_default(GCP_AUTH_SCOPE)
+      end
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Find the latest non-deprecated image in the given project and family
-  #
-  # @param [String] image_project The project that owns the requested image
-  #
-  # @param [String] family The name of the image family
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Image]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def get_latest_image_from_family(image_project, family)
-    @compute.get_image_from_family(image_project, family)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Find the correct image object for a given project and name
+    #
+    # @param [String] image_project The project that owns the requested image
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the image in the project. This must
+    #   be the exact name of the image
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Image]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def get_image(project, name)
+      @compute.get_image(project, name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Determines the Google Compute machineType object based upon the selected
-  # gce_machine_type option
-  #
-  # @param [String] type_name The name of the type to get
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::MachineType]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def get_machine_type(type_name = DEFAULT_MACHINE_TYPE)
-    @compute.get_machine_type(@options[:gce_project], default_zone, type_name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Find the latest non-deprecated image in the given project and family
+    #
+    # @param [String] image_project The project that owns the requested image
+    #
+    # @param [String] family The name of the image family
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Image]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def get_latest_image_from_family(image_project, family)
+      @compute.get_image_from_family(image_project, family)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Determines the Google Compute network object in use for the current connection
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Network]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def get_network(network_name = default_network)
-    @compute.get_network(@options[:gce_project], network_name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Determines the Google Compute machineType object based upon the selected
+    # gce_machine_type option
+    #
+    # @param [String] type_name The name of the type to get
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::MachineType]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def get_machine_type(type_name = DEFAULT_MACHINE_TYPE)
+      @compute.get_machine_type(@options[:gce_project], default_zone, type_name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Determines a list of existing Google Compute instances
-  #
-  # @return [Array[Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Instance]]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def list_instances
-    @compute.list_instances(@options[:gce_project], default_zone).items
-  end
+    ##
+    # Determines the Google Compute network object in use for the current connection
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Network]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def get_network(network_name = default_network)
+      @compute.get_network(@options[:gce_project], network_name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Determines a list of existing Google Compute disks
-  #
-  # @param [Integer] start The time when we started code execution, it is
-  # compared to Time.now to determine how many further code execution
-  # attempts remain
-  #
-  # @return [Array[Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Disk]]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def list_disks
-    @compute.list_disks(@options[:gce_project], default_zone).items
-  end
+    ##
+    # Determines a list of existing Google Compute instances
+    #
+    # @return [Array[Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Instance]]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def list_instances
+      @compute.list_instances(@options[:gce_project], default_zone).items
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Determines a list of existing Google Compute firewalls
-  #
-  # @return [Array[Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall]]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def list_firewalls
-    @compute.list_firewalls(@options[:gce_project],
-                            filter: 'name != default-allow-internal AND name != default-ssh').items
-  end
+    ##
+    # Determines a list of existing Google Compute disks
+    #
+    # @param [Integer] start The time when we started code execution, it is
+    # compared to Time.now to determine how many further code execution
+    # attempts remain
+    #
+    # @return [Array[Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Disk]]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def list_disks
+      @compute.list_disks(@options[:gce_project], default_zone).items
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Create a Google Compute firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the firewall to create
-  #
-  # @param [::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Network] network The Google Compute networkin which to create
-  # the firewall
-  #
-  # @param [Array<String>] allow List of ports to allow through the firewall. One of 'allow' or 'deny' must be specified, but not both.
-  #
-  # @param [Array<String>] deny List of ports to deny through the firewall. One of 'allow' or 'deny' must be specified, but not both.
-  #
-  # @param [Array<String>] source_ranges List of ranges in CIDR format to accept through the firewall. If neither 'source_ranges' 
-  # or 'source_tags' is specified, GCP adds a default 'source_range' of '0.0.0.0/0' (allow all)
-  #
-  # @param [Array<String>] source_tags List of network tags to accept through the firewall. If neither 'source_ranges' 
-  # or 'source_tags' is specified, GCP adds a default 'source_range' of '0.0.0.0/0' (allow all)
-  #
-  # @param [Array<String>] target_ranges List of ranges in CIDR format to apply this firewall. If neither 'target_ranges' 
-  # or 'target_tags' is specified, the firewall applies to all hosts in the VPC
-  #
-  # @param [Array<String>] target_tags List of network tags to apply this firewall. If neither 'target_ranges' 
-  # or 'target_tags' is specified, the firewall applies to all hosts in the VPC
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def create_firewall(name, network, allow: [], deny: [], source_ranges: [], source_tags: [], target_ranges: [], target_tags: [])
-    allowed = []
-    allow.each do |port|
-      parts = port.split('/', 2)
-      if parts[1] == 'tcp' || parts[1] == 'udp' || parts[1] == 'sctp' then
-        allowed << ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Allowed.new(ip_protocol: parts[1], ports: [parts[0]])
-      else
-        allowed << ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Allowed.new(ip_protocol: parts[1])
-      end
+    ##
+    # Determines a list of existing Google Compute firewalls
+    #
+    # @return [Array[Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall]]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def list_firewalls
+      @compute.list_firewalls(@options[:gce_project],
+                              filter: 'name != default-allow-internal AND name != default-ssh').items
     end
-    denied = []
-    deny.each do |port|
-      parts = port.split('/', 2)
-      if parts[1] == 'tcp' || parts[1] == 'udp' || parts[1] == 'sctp' then
-        denied << ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Denied.new(ip_protocol: parts[1], ports: [parts[0]])
-      else
-        denied << ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Denied.new(ip_protocol: parts[1])
+
+    ##
+    # Create a Google Compute firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the firewall to create
+    #
+    # @param [::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Network] network The Google Compute networkin which to create
+    # the firewall
+    #
+    # @param [Array<String>] allow List of ports to allow through the firewall. One of 'allow' or 'deny' must be
+    # specified, but not both.
+    #
+    # @param [Array<String>] deny List of ports to deny through the firewall. One of 'allow' or 'deny' must be
+    # specified, but not both.
+    #
+    # @param [Array<String>] source_ranges List of ranges in CIDR format to accept through the firewall. If neither
+    # 'source_ranges' or 'source_tags' is specified, GCP adds a default 'source_range' of '0.0.0.0/0' (allow all)
+    #
+    # @param [Array<String>] source_tags List of network tags to accept through the firewall. If neither 'source_ranges'
+    # or 'source_tags' is specified, GCP adds a default 'source_range' of '0.0.0.0/0' (allow all)
+    #
+    # @param [Array<String>] target_ranges List of ranges in CIDR format to apply this firewall. If neither
+    # 'target_ranges' or 'target_tags' is specified, the firewall applies to all hosts in the VPC
+    #
+    # @param [Array<String>] target_tags List of network tags to apply this firewall. If neither 'target_ranges' or
+    # 'target_tags' is specified, the firewall applies to all hosts in the VPC
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def create_firewall(name, network, allow: [], deny: [], source_ranges: [], source_tags: [], target_ranges: [],
+                        target_tags: [])
+      allowed = []
+      allow.each do |port|
+        parts = port.split('/', 2)
+        allowed << if %w[tcp udp sctp].include?(parts[1])
+                     ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Allowed.new(ip_protocol: parts[1], ports: [parts[0]])
+                   else
+                     ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Allowed.new(ip_protocol: parts[1])
+                   end
       end
+      denied = []
+      deny.each do |port|
+        parts = port.split('/', 2)
+        denied << if %w[tcp udp sctp].include?(parts[1])
+                    ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Denied.new(ip_protocol: parts[1], ports: [parts[0]])
+                  else
+                    ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Denied.new(ip_protocol: parts[1])
+                  end
+      end
+
+      firewall_object = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall.new(
+        name: name,
+        direction: 'INGRESS',
+        network: network.self_link,
+        allowed: allowed,
+        denied: denied,
+        source_ranges: source_ranges,
+        source_tags: source_tags,
+        target_ranges: target_ranges,
+        target_tags: target_tags,
+      )
+      operation = @compute.insert_firewall(@options[:gce_project], firewall_object)
+      @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
     end
 
-    firewall_object = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall.new(
-      name: name,
-      direction: 'INGRESS',
-      network: network.self_link,
-      allowed: allowed,
-      denied: denied,
-      source_ranges: source_ranges,
-      source_tags: source_tags,
-      target_ranges: target_ranges,
-      target_tags: target_tags,
-    )
-    operation = @compute.insert_firewall(@options[:gce_project], firewall_object)
-    @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Get the named firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the firewall
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def get_firewall(name)
+      @compute.get_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Get the named firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the firewall
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def get_firewall(name)
-    firewall = @compute.get_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Add a source range to the firewall.
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] range The IP range in CIDR format to add to the firewall
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def add_firewall_source_range(name, range)
+      firewall = get_firewall(name)
+      firewall.source_ranges = [] if firewall.source_ranges.nil?
+      firewall.source_ranges << range
+      operation = @compute.patch_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name, firewall)
+      @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Add a source range to the firewall.
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] range The IP range in CIDR format to add to the firewall
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def add_firewall_source_range(name, range)
-    firewall = get_firewall(name)
-    firewall.source_ranges = [] if firewall.source_ranges.nil?
-    firewall.source_ranges << range
-    operation = @compute.patch_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name, firewall)
-    @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Add an allowed port to the firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] port The port number to open on the firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] proto The protocol of the port. This should be 'tcp' or 'udp'
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def add_firewall_port(name, port, proto)
+      firewall = get_firewall(name)
+      firewall.allowed = [] if firewall.allowed.nil?
+      firewall.allowed << ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Allowed.new(ip_protocol: proto, ports: [port])
+      operation = @compute.patch_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name, firewall)
+      @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Add an allowed port to the firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] port The port number to open on the firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] proto The protocol of the port. This should be 'tcp' or 'udp'
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def add_firewall_port(name, port, proto)
-    firewall = get_firewall(name)
-    firewall.allowed = [] if firewall.allowed.nil?
-    firewall.allowed << ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Firewall::Allowed.new(ip_protocol: proto, ports: [port])
-    operation = @compute.patch_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name, firewall)
-    @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Add a taget_tag to an existing firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] the name of the firewall to update
+    #
+    # @param [String] tag The target tag to add to the firewall
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def add_firewall_target_tag(name, tag)
+      firewall = @compute.get_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name)
+      firewall.target_tags = [] if firewall.target_tags.nil?
+      firewall.target_tags << tag
+      operation = @compute.patch_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name, firewall)
+      @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Add a taget_tag to an existing firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] the name of the firewall to update
-  #
-  # @param [String] tag The target tag to add to the firewall
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def add_firewall_target_tag(name, tag)
-    firewall = @compute.get_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name)
-    firewall.target_tags = [] if firewall.target_tags.nil?
-    firewall.target_tags << tag
-    operation = @compute.patch_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name, firewall)
-    @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Add a source_tag to an existing firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] the name of the firewall to update
+    #
+    # @param [String] tag The source tag to add to the firewall
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def add_firewall_source_tag(name, tag)
+      firewall = @compute.get_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name)
+      firewall.source_tags = [] if firewall.source_tags.nil?
+      firewall.source_tags << tag
+      operation = @compute.patch_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name, firewall)
+      @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Add a source_tag to an existing firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] the name of the firewall to update
-  #
-  # @param [String] tag The source tag to add to the firewall
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def add_firewall_source_tag(name, tag)
-    firewall = @compute.get_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name)
-    firewall.source_tags = [] if firewall.source_tags.nil?
-    firewall.source_tags << tag
-    operation = @compute.patch_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name, firewall)
-    @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Create a Google Compute disk
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the disk to create
+    #
+    # @param [String] img The existing disk image to clone for this image
+    #   or nil to create a blank disk
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def create_disk(name, size, img = nil)
+      new_disk = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Disk.new(
+        name: name,
+        size_gb: size,
+        source_image: img,
+      )
+      operation = @compute.insert_disk(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], new_disk)
+      @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Create a Google Compute disk
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the disk to create
-  #
-  # @param [String] img The existing disk image to clone for this image
-  #   or nil to create a blank disk
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def create_disk(name, size, img = nil)
-    new_disk = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Disk.new(
-      name: name,
-      size_gb: size,
-      source_image: img,
-    )
-    operation = @compute.insert_disk(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], new_disk)
-    @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Create a Google Compute instance
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the instance to create
+    #
+    # @param [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Image] img The Google Compute image to use for instance creation
+    #
+    # @param [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::MachineType] machine_type The Google Compute Machine Type
+    #
+    # @param [Integer] disk_size The size of the boot disk for the new instance. Must be equal to or
+    #   greater than the image disk's size
+    #
+    # @param [String] hostname The custom hostname to set in the OS of the instance
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def create_instance(name, img, machine_type, disk_size, hostname)
+      initialize_params = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::AttachedDiskInitializeParams.new(
+        disk_size_gb: disk_size,
+        source_image: img.self_link,
+      )
+      disk_params = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::AttachedDisk.new(
+        boot: true,
+        auto_delete: true,
+        initialize_params: initialize_params,
+      )
+      # attached_network = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::networkInterfaces.new()
+      tags = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Tags.new(
+        items: [name],
+      )
+      network_interface = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::NetworkInterface.new(
+        network: get_network(default_network).self_link,
+        subnetwork: @compute.get_subnetwork(@options[:gce_project], default_region, default_subnetwork).self_link,
+        # Create an AccessConfig to add a NAT IP to the host.
+        # TODO: Make this configurable
+        access_configs: [
+          ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::AccessConfig.new(
+            network_tier: 'STANDARD',
+          ),
+        ],
+      )
+
+      instance_opts = {
+        machine_type: machine_type.self_link,
+        name: name,
+        disks: [disk_params],
+        network_interfaces: [network_interface],
+        tags: tags,
+      }
+
+      # use custom hostname if specified
+      if hostname && ENV.fetch('BEAKER_set_gce_hostname', false)
+        # The google api requires an FQDN for the custom hostname
+        valid_hostname = hostname.include?('.') ? hostname : "#{hostname}.beaker.test"
+        instance_opts[:hostname] = valid_hostname
+      end
 
-  ##
-  # Create a Google Compute instance
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the instance to create
-  #
-  # @param [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Image] img The Google Compute image to use for instance creation
-  #
-  # @param [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::MachineType] machine_type The Google Compute Machine Type
-  #
-  # @param [Integer] disk_size The size of the boot disk for the new instance. Must be equal to or
-  #   greater than the image disk's size
-  #
-  # @param [String] hostname The custom hostname to set in the OS of the instance
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def create_instance(name, img, machine_type, disk_size, hostname)
-    initialize_params = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::AttachedDiskInitializeParams.new(
-      disk_size_gb: disk_size,
-      source_image: img.self_link,
-    )
-    disk_params = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::AttachedDisk.new(
-      boot: true,
-      auto_delete: true,
-      initialize_params: initialize_params,
-    )
-    # attached_network = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::networkInterfaces.new()
-    tags = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Tags.new(
-      items: [name],
-    )
-    network_interface = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::NetworkInterface.new(
-      network: get_network(default_network).self_link,
-      subnetwork: @compute.get_subnetwork(@options[:gce_project], default_region, default_subnetwork).self_link,
-      # Create an AccessConfig to add a NAT IP to the host.
-      # TODO: Make this configurable
-      access_configs: [
-        ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::AccessConfig.new(
-          network_tier: 'STANDARD',
-        ),
-      ],
-    )
-
-    instance_opts = {
-      :machine_type => machine_type.self_link,
-      :name => name,
-      :disks => [disk_params],
-      :network_interfaces => [network_interface],
-      :tags => tags,
-    }
-
-    # use custom hostname if specified
-    if hostname && ENV.fetch('BEAKER_set_gce_hostname', false)
-      # The google api requires an FQDN for the custom hostname
-      hostname.include?('.') ? valid_hostname = hostname : valid_hostname = hostname + '.beaker.test' 
-      instance_opts[:hostname] = valid_hostname
-    end
-    
-    new_instance = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Instance.new(instance_opts)
+      new_instance = ::Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Instance.new(**instance_opts)
 
-    operation = @compute.insert_instance(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], new_instance)
-    @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
-  end
+      operation = @compute.insert_instance(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], new_instance)
+      @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Get the named instace from Google Compute Image
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the instance
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Instance]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def get_instance(name)
-    @compute.get_instance(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Get the named instace from Google Compute Image
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the instance
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Instance]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def get_instance(name)
+      @compute.get_instance(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Add a tag to a Google Compute Instance
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the instance
-  #
-  # @param [String] tag The tag to add to the instance
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def add_instance_tag(name, tag)
-    instance = get_instance(name)
-    tags = instance.tags
-    tags.items << tag
-    operation = @compute.set_instance_tags(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], name, tags)
-    @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Add a tag to a Google Compute Instance
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the instance
+    #
+    # @param [String] tag The tag to add to the instance
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def add_instance_tag(name, tag)
+      instance = get_instance(name)
+      tags = instance.tags
+      tags.items << tag
+      operation = @compute.set_instance_tags(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], name, tags)
+      @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Set key/value metadata pairs to a Google Compute instance
-  #
-  # This function replaces any existing items in the metadata hash!
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the instance to set metadata
-  #
-  # @param [String] data An array of hashes to set ass metadata. Each array
-  # item should have a 'key' and 'value' key.
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def set_metadata_on_instance(name, data)
-    instance = @compute.get_instance(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], name)
-    mdata = instance.metadata.dup
-    mdata.items = data
-    operation = @compute.set_instance_metadata(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], name, mdata)
-    @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Set key/value metadata pairs to a Google Compute instance
+    #
+    # This function replaces any existing items in the metadata hash!
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the instance to set metadata
+    #
+    # @param [String] data An array of hashes to set ass metadata. Each array
+    # item should have a 'key' and 'value' key.
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def set_metadata_on_instance(name, data)
+      instance = @compute.get_instance(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], name)
+      mdata = instance.metadata.dup
+      mdata.items = data
+      operation = @compute.set_instance_metadata(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], name, mdata)
+      @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Delete a Google Compute instance
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the instance to delete
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def delete_instance(name)
-    operation = @compute.delete_instance(@options[:gce_project], default_zone, name)
-    @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Delete a Google Compute instance
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the instance to delete
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def delete_instance(name)
+      operation = @compute.delete_instance(@options[:gce_project], default_zone, name)
+      @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Delete a Google Compute disk
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the disk to delete
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def delete_disk(name)
-    operation = @compute.delete_disk(@options[:gce_project], default_zone, name)
-    @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
-  end
+    ##
+    # Delete a Google Compute disk
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the disk to delete
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def delete_disk(name)
+      operation = @compute.delete_disk(@options[:gce_project], default_zone, name)
+      @compute.wait_zone_operation(@options[:gce_project], @options[:gce_zone], operation.name)
+    end
 
-  ##
-  # Delete a Google Compute firewall
-  #
-  # @param [String] name The name of the firewall to delete
-  #
-  # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
-  #
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
-  # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
-  def delete_firewall(name)
-    operation = @compute.delete_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name)
-    @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
+    ##
+    # Delete a Google Compute firewall
+    #
+    # @param [String] name The name of the firewall to delete
+    #
+    # @return [Google::Apis::ComputeV1::Operation]
+    #
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ServerError] An error occurred on the server and the request can be retried
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::ClientError] The request is invalid and should not be retried without modification
+    # @raise [Google::Apis::AuthorizationError] Authorization is required
+    def delete_firewall(name)
+      operation = @compute.delete_firewall(@options[:gce_project], name)
+      @compute.wait_global_operation(@options[:gce_project], operation.name)
+    end
   end
 end