bcrypt-ruby 2.1.4-java → 3.0.0-java
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- data/.gitignore +1 -0
- data/CHANGELOG +5 -1
- data/COPYING +23 -28
- data/Gemfile.lock +29 -0
- data/README.md +184 -0
- data/Rakefile +1 -0
- data/bcrypt-ruby.gemspec +5 -4
- data/ext/mri/bcrypt_ext.c +67 -65
- data/ext/mri/crypt.c +57 -0
- data/ext/mri/crypt.h +13 -0
- data/ext/mri/{blowfish.c → crypt_blowfish.c} +472 -321
- data/ext/mri/crypt_gensalt.c +111 -0
- data/ext/mri/extconf.rb +24 -2
- data/ext/mri/ow-crypt.h +35 -0
- data/ext/mri/wrapper.c +255 -0
- data/lib/bcrypt.rb +10 -5
- data/lib/bcrypt_engine.rb +34 -0
- data/lib/bcrypt_ext.jar +0 -0
- data/spec/bcrypt/engine_spec.rb +3 -3
- data/spec/bcrypt/password_spec.rb +11 -2
- metadata +90 -78
- data/README +0 -175
- data/ext/mri/bcrypt.c +0 -297
- data/ext/mri/bcrypt.h +0 -67
- data/ext/mri/blf.h +0 -86
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
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require 'ffi'
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module BCrypt
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class Engine
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extend FFI::Library
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BCRYPT_MAXSALT = 16
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BCRYPT_SALT_OUTPUT_SIZE = 7 + (BCRYPT_MAXSALT * 4 + 2) / 3 + 1
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BCRYPT_OUTPUT_SIZE = 128
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ffi_lib File.expand_path("../bcrypt_ext", __FILE__)
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attach_function :ruby_bcrypt, [:buffer_out, :string, :string], :string
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attach_function :ruby_bcrypt_gensalt, [:buffer_out, :uint8, :pointer], :string
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def self.__bc_salt(cost, seed)
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buffer_out = FFI::Buffer.alloc_out(BCRYPT_SALT_OUTPUT_SIZE, 1)
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seed_ptr = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:uint8, BCRYPT_MAXSALT)
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seed.bytes.to_a.each_with_index { |b, i| seed_ptr.int8_put(i, b) }
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out = ruby_bcrypt_gensalt(buffer_out, cost, seed_ptr)
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seed_ptr.free
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buffer_out.free
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out || ""
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end
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def self.__bc_crypt(key, salt, cost)
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buffer_out = FFI::Buffer.alloc_out(BCRYPT_OUTPUT_SIZE, 1)
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out = ruby_bcrypt(buffer_out, key || "", salt)
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buffer_out.free
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out && out.any? ? out : nil
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end
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end
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end
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data/lib/bcrypt_ext.jar
CHANGED
Binary file
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data/spec/bcrypt/engine_spec.rb
CHANGED
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ end
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describe "Autodetecting of salt cost" do
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specify "should work" do
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BCrypt::Engine.autodetect_cost("$2a$08$hRx2IVeHNsTSYYtUWn61Ou").should
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BCrypt::Engine.autodetect_cost("$2a$05$XKd1bMnLgUnc87qvbAaCUu").should
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BCrypt::Engine.autodetect_cost("$2a$13$Lni.CZ6z5A7344POTFBBV.").should
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BCrypt::Engine.autodetect_cost("$2a$08$hRx2IVeHNsTSYYtUWn61Ou").should eq 8
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BCrypt::Engine.autodetect_cost("$2a$05$XKd1bMnLgUnc87qvbAaCUu").should eq 5
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BCrypt::Engine.autodetect_cost("$2a$13$Lni.CZ6z5A7344POTFBBV.").should eq 13
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end
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end
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@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ describe "Reading a hashed password" do
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password.version.should eql("2a")
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password.cost.should equal(5)
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password.salt.should eql("$2a$05$CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC.")
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password.salt.class.should
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password.salt.class.should eq String
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password.checksum.should eq("E5YPO9kmyuRGyh0XouQYb4YMJKvyOeW")
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password.checksum.class.should
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password.checksum.class.should eq String
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password.to_s.should eql(@hash)
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end
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@@ -65,3 +65,12 @@ describe "Comparing a hashed password with a secret" do
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(@password == "@secret").should be(false)
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end
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end
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describe "Validating a generated salt" do
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specify "should not accept an invalid salt" do
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BCrypt::Engine.valid_salt?("invalid").should eq(false)
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end
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specify "should accept a valid salt" do
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BCrypt::Engine.valid_salt?(BCrypt::Engine.generate_salt).should eq(true)
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end
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end
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metadata
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@@ -1,111 +1,123 @@
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--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
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name: bcrypt-ruby
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version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
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hash: 7
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prerelease:
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segments:
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version:
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- 3
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- 0
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- 0
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version: 3.0.0
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platform: java
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authors:
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-
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- Coda Hale
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autorequire:
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bindir: bin
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cert_chain: []
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date: 2011-
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default_executable:
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date: 2011-08-24 00:00:00 Z
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dependencies:
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- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
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name: rake-compiler
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prerelease: false
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requirement: &id001 !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
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none: false
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requirements:
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- - ">="
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- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
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hash: 3
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segments:
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- 0
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version: "0"
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type: :development
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version_requirements: *id001
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- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
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name: rspec
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prerelease: false
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requirement: &id002 !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
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none: false
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requirements:
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- - ">="
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- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
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hash: 3
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segments:
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- 0
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version: "0"
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type: :development
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version_requirements: *id002
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description: " bcrypt() is a sophisticated and secure hash algorithm designed by The OpenBSD project\n for hashing passwords. bcrypt-ruby provides a simple, humane wrapper for safely handling\n passwords.\n"
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email: coda.hale@gmail.com
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executables: []
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extensions:
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extensions:
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- ext/mri/extconf.rb
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extra_rdoc_files:
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- README.md
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- COPYING
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- CHANGELOG
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- lib/bcrypt.rb
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- lib/bcrypt_engine.rb
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files:
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- .gitignore
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- .rspec
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- CHANGELOG
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- COPYING
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- Gemfile
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- Gemfile.lock
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- README.md
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- Rakefile
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- bcrypt-ruby.gemspec
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- ext/jruby/bcrypt_jruby/BCrypt.java
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- ext/mri/bcrypt_ext.c
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- ext/mri/crypt.c
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- ext/mri/crypt.h
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- ext/mri/crypt_blowfish.c
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- ext/mri/crypt_gensalt.c
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- ext/mri/extconf.rb
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- ext/mri/ow-crypt.h
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- ext/mri/wrapper.c
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- lib/bcrypt.rb
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- lib/bcrypt_engine.rb
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- spec/TestBCrypt.java
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- spec/bcrypt/engine_spec.rb
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- spec/bcrypt/password_spec.rb
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- spec/spec_helper.rb
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- lib/bcrypt_ext.jar
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homepage: http://bcrypt-ruby.rubyforge.org
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licenses: []
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post_install_message:
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rdoc_options:
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- --title
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- bcrypt-ruby
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- --line-numbers
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- --inline-source
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- --main
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- README.md
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require_paths:
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- lib
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required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
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none: false
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requirements:
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hash: 3
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segments:
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- 0
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version: "0"
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required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
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none: false
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requirements:
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hash: 3
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segments:
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- 0
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version: "0"
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requirements: []
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rubyforge_project: bcrypt-ruby
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rubygems_version: 1.
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rubygems_version: 1.8.8
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signing_key:
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specification_version: 3
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summary: OpenBSD's bcrypt() password hashing algorithm.
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data/README
DELETED
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= bcrypt-ruby
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An easy way to keep your users' passwords secure.
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* http://bcrypt-ruby.rubyforge.org/
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* http://github.com/codahale/bcrypt-ruby/tree/master
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== Why you should use bcrypt
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If you store user passwords in the clear, then an attacker who steals a copy of your database has a giant list of emails
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and passwords. Some of your users will only have one password -- for their email account, for their banking account, for
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your application. A simple hack could escalate into massive identity theft.
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It's your responsibility as a web developer to make your web application secure -- blaming your users for not being
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security experts is not a professional response to risk.
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bcrypt allows you to easily harden your application against these kinds of attacks.
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== How to install bcrypt
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sudo gem install bcrypt-ruby
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You'll need a working compiler. (Win32 folks should use Cygwin or um, something else.)
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== How to use bcrypt in your Rails application
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=== The +User+ model
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require 'bcrypt'
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class User < ActiveRecord::Base
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# users.password_hash in the database is a :string
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include BCrypt
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def password
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@password ||= Password.new(password_hash)
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end
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def password=(new_password)
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@password = Password.create(new_password)
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self.password_hash = @password
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end
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end
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=== Creating an account
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def create
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@user = User.new(params[:user])
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@user.password = params[:password]
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@user.save!
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end
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=== Authenticating a user
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def login
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@user = User.find_by_email(params[:email])
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if @user.password == params[:password]
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give_token
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else
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redirect_to home_url
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end
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end
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=== If a user forgets their password?
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# assign them a random one and mail it to them, asking them to change it
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def forgot_password
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@user = User.find_by_email(params[:email])
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random_password = Array.new(10).map { (65 + rand(58)).chr }.join
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@user.password = random_password
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@user.save!
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Mailer.create_and_deliver_password_change(@user, random_password)
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end
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== How to use bcrypt-ruby in general
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require 'bcrypt'
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my_password = BCrypt::Password.create("my password") #=> "$2a$10$vI8aWBnW3fID.ZQ4/zo1G.q1lRps.9cGLcZEiGDMVr5yUP1KUOYTa"
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my_password.version #=> "2a"
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my_password.cost #=> 10
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my_password == "my password" #=> true
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my_password == "not my password" #=> false
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my_password = BCrypt::Password.new("$2a$10$vI8aWBnW3fID.ZQ4/zo1G.q1lRps.9cGLcZEiGDMVr5yUP1KUOYTa")
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my_password == "my password" #=> true
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my_password == "not my password" #=> false
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Check the rdocs for more details -- BCrypt, BCrypt::Password.
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== How bcrypt() works
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bcrypt() is a hashing algorithm designed by Niels Provos and David Mazières of the OpenBSD Project.
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=== Background
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Hash algorithms take a chunk of data (e.g., your user's password) and create a "digital fingerprint," or hash, of it.
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Because this process is not reversible, there's no way to go from the hash back to the password.
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In other words:
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hash(p) #=> <unique gibberish>
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You can store the hash and check it against a hash made of a potentially valid password:
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<unique gibberish> =? hash(just_entered_password)
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=== Rainbow Tables
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But even this has weaknesses -- attackers can just run lists of possible passwords through the same algorithm, store the
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results in a big database, and then look up the passwords by their hash:
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PrecomputedPassword.find_by_hash(<unique gibberish>).password #=> "secret1"
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=== Salts
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The solution to this is to add a small chunk of random data -- called a salt -- to the password before it's hashed:
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121
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hash(salt + p) #=> <really unique gibberish>
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|
123
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The salt is then stored along with the hash in the database, and used to check potentially valid passwords:
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<really unique gibberish> =? hash(salt + just_entered_password)
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|
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bcrypt-ruby automatically handles the storage and generation of these salts for you.
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|
129
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Adding a salt means that an attacker has to have a gigantic database for each unique salt -- for a salt made of 4
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letters, that's 456,976 different databases. Pretty much no one has that much storage space, so attackers try a
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different, slower method -- throw a list of potential passwords at each individual password:
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|
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hash(salt + "aadvark") =? <really unique gibberish>
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hash(salt + "abacus") =? <really unique gibberish>
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etc.
|
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|
137
|
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This is much slower than the big database approach, but most hash algorithms are pretty quick -- and therein lies the
|
138
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problem. Hash algorithms aren't usually designed to be slow, they're designed to turn gigabytes of data into secure
|
139
|
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fingerprints as quickly as possible. bcrypt(), though, is designed to be computationally expensive:
|
140
|
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|
141
|
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Ten thousand iterations:
|
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|
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user system total real
|
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|
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md5 0.070000 0.000000 0.070000 ( 0.070415)
|
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bcrypt 22.230000 0.080000 22.310000 ( 22.493822)
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|
146
|
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If an attacker was using Ruby to check each password, they could check ~140,000 passwords a second with MD5 but only
|
147
|
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~450 passwords a second with bcrypt().
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|
149
|
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=== Cost Factors
|
150
|
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|
151
|
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In addition, bcrypt() allows you to increase the amount of work required to hash a password as computers get faster. Old
|
152
|
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passwords will still work fine, but new passwords can keep up with the times.
|
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|
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|
154
|
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The default cost factor used by bcrypt-ruby is 10, which is fine for session-based authentication. If you are using a
|
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|
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stateless authentication architecture (e.g., HTTP Basic Auth), you will want to lower the cost factor to reduce your
|
156
|
-
server load and keep your request times down. This will lower the security provided you, but there are few alternatives.
|
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|
158
|
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== More Information
|
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|
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|
160
|
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bcrypt() is currently used as the default password storage hash in OpenBSD, widely regarded as the most secure operating
|
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|
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system available.
|
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|
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|
163
|
-
|
164
|
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For a more technical explanation of the algorithm and its design criteria, please read Niels Provos and David Mazières'
|
165
|
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Usenix99 paper:
|
166
|
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http://www.usenix.org/events/usenix99/provos.html
|
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|
-
|
168
|
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If you'd like more down-to-earth advice regarding cryptography, I suggest reading <i>Practical Cryptography</i> by Niels
|
169
|
-
Ferguson and Bruce Schneier:
|
170
|
-
http://www.schneier.com/book-practical.html
|
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|
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|
172
|
-
= Etc
|
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|
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|
174
|
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Author :: Coda Hale <coda.hale@gmail.com>
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Website :: http://blog.codahale.com
|