aws 2.3.34 → 2.4.0

data/lib/ec2/ec2.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,2070 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2007-2008 RightScale Inc
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+# LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+# OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+# WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+
+module Aws
+
+  # = Aws::EC2 -- RightScale Amazon EC2 interface
+  # The Aws::EC2 class provides a complete interface to Amazon's
+  # Elastic Compute Cloud service, as well as the associated EBS (Elastic Block
+  # Store).
+  # For explanations of the semantics
+  # of each call, please refer to Amazon's documentation at
+  # http://developer.amazonwebservices.com/connect/kbcategory.jspa?categoryID=87
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  # Create an EC2 interface handle:
+  #
+  #   @ec2   = Aws::Ec2.new(aws_access_key_id,
+  #                               aws_secret_access_key)
+  # Create a new SSH key pair:
+  #  @key   = 'right_ec2_awesome_test_key'
+  #  new_key = @ec2.create_key_pair(@key)
+  #  keys = @ec2.describe_key_pairs
+  #
+  # Create a security group:
+  #  @group = 'right_ec2_awesome_test_security_group'
+  #  @ec2.create_security_group(@group,'My awesome test group')
+  #  group = @ec2.describe_security_groups([@group])[0]
+  #
+  # Configure a security group:
+  #  @ec2.authorize_security_group_named_ingress(@group, account_number, 'default')
+  #  @ec2.authorize_security_group_IP_ingress(@group, 80,80,'udp','192.168.1.0/8')
+  #
+  # Describe the available images:
+  #  images = @ec2.describe_images
+  #
+  # Launch an instance:
+  #  ec2.run_instances('ami-9a9e7bf3', 1, 1, ['default'], @key, 'SomeImportantUserData', 'public')
+  #
+  #
+  # Describe running instances:
+  #  @ec2.describe_instances
+  #
+  # Error handling: all operations raise an Aws::AwsError in case
+  # of problems. Note that transient errors are automatically retried.
+
+  class Ec2 < AwsBase
+    include AwsBaseInterface
+
+    # Amazon EC2 API version being used
+    API_VERSION             = "2010-08-31"
+    DEFAULT_HOST            = "ec2.amazonaws.com"
+    DEFAULT_PATH            = '/'
+    DEFAULT_PROTOCOL        = 'https'
+    DEFAULT_PORT            = 443
+
+    # Default addressing type (public=NAT, direct=no-NAT) used when launching instances.
+    DEFAULT_ADDRESSING_TYPE = 'public'
+    DNS_ADDRESSING_SET      = ['public', 'direct']
+
+    # Amazon EC2 Instance Types : http://www.amazon.com/b?ie=UTF8&node=370375011
+    # Default EC2 instance type (platform)
+    DEFAULT_INSTANCE_TYPE   = 'm1.small'
+    INSTANCE_TYPES          = ['t1.micro', 'm1.small', 'c1.medium', 'm1.large', 'm1.xlarge', 'c1.xlarge']
+
+    def self.connection_name
+      :ec2_connection
+    end
+
+    @@bench                 = AwsBenchmarkingBlock.new
+ def self.bench
+      @@bench
+    end
+    def self.bench_xml
+      @@bench.xml
+    end
+
+    def self.bench_ec2
+      @@bench.service
+    end
+
+    # Current API version (sometimes we have to check it outside the GEM).
+    @@api = ENV['EC2_API_VERSION'] || API_VERSION
+
+    def self.api
+      @@api
+    end
+
+    # Create a new handle to an EC2 account. All handles share the same per process or per thread
+    # HTTP connection to Amazon EC2. Each handle is for a specific account. The params have the
+    # following options:
+    # * <tt>:endpoint_url</tt> a fully qualified url to Amazon API endpoint (this overwrites: :server, :port, :service, :protocol and :region). Example: 'https://eu-west-1.ec2.amazonaws.com/'
+    # * <tt>:server</tt>: EC2 service host, default: DEFAULT_HOST
+    # * <tt>:region</tt>: EC2 region (North America by default)
+    # * <tt>:port</tt>: EC2 service port, default: DEFAULT_PORT
+    # * <tt>:protocol</tt>: 'http' or 'https', default: DEFAULT_PROTOCOL
+    # * <tt>:multi_thread</tt>: true=HTTP connection per thread, false=per process
+    # * <tt>:logger</tt>: for log messages, default: Rails.logger else STDOUT
+    # * <tt>:signature_version</tt>:  The signature version : '0' or '1'(default)
+    # * <tt>:cache</tt>: true/false: caching for: ec2_describe_images, describe_instances,
+    # describe_images_by_owner, describe_images_by_executable_by, describe_availability_zones,
+    # describe_security_groups, describe_key_pairs, describe_addresses,
+    # describe_volumes, describe_snapshots methods, default: false.
+    #
+    def initialize(aws_access_key_id=nil, aws_secret_access_key=nil, params={})
+      init({:name             => 'EC2',
+            :default_host     => ENV['EC2_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['EC2_URL']).host : DEFAULT_HOST,
+            :default_port     => ENV['EC2_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['EC2_URL']).port : DEFAULT_PORT,
+            :default_service  => ENV['EC2_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['EC2_URL']).path : DEFAULT_PATH,
+            :default_protocol => ENV['EC2_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['EC2_URL']).scheme : DEFAULT_PROTOCOL,
+            :api_version      => API_VERSION},
+           aws_access_key_id || ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
+           aws_secret_access_key|| ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'],
+           params)
+      # EC2 doesn't really define any transient errors to retry, and in fact,
+      # when they return a 503 it is usually for 'request limit exceeded' which
+      # we most certainly should not retry.  So let's pare down the list of
+      # retryable errors to InternalError only (see AwsBase for the default
+      # list)
+      amazon_problems = ['InternalError']
+    end
+
+
+    def generate_request(action, params={}) #:nodoc:
+      service_hash = {"Action"         => action,
+                      "AWSAccessKeyId" => @aws_access_key_id,
+                      "Version"        => @@api}
+      service_hash.update(params)
+      service_params = signed_service_params(@aws_secret_access_key, service_hash, :get, @params[:server], @params[:service])
+
+      # use POST method if the length of the query string is too large
+      if service_params.size > 2000
+        if signature_version == '2'
+          # resign the request because HTTP verb is included into signature
+          service_params = signed_service_params(@aws_secret_access_key, service_hash, :post, @params[:server], @params[:service])
+        end
+        request                 = Net::HTTP::Post.new(@params[:service])
+        request.body            = service_params
+        request['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+      else
+        request = Net::HTTP::Get.new("#{@params[:service]}?#{service_params}")
+      end
+      # prepare output hash
+      {:request  => request,
+       :server   => @params[:server],
+       :port     => @params[:port],
+       :protocol => @params[:protocol]}
+    end
+
+    # Sends request to Amazon and parses the response
+    # Raises AwsError if any banana happened
+    # todo: remove this and switch to using request_info2
+    def request_info(request, parser, options={}) #:nodoc:
+      conn = get_conn(self.class.connection_name, @params, @logger)
+      request_info_impl(conn, @@bench, request, parser, options)
+    end
+
+    def hash_params(prefix, list) #:nodoc:
+      groups = {}
+      list.each_index { |i| groups.update("#{prefix}.#{i+1}"=>list[i]) } if list
+      return groups
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Images
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # params:
+    #   { 'ImageId'      => ['id1', ..., 'idN'],
+    #     'Owner'        => ['self', ..., 'userN'],
+    #     'ExecutableBy' => ['self', 'all', ..., 'userN']
+    #   }
+    def ec2_describe_images(params={}, image_type=nil, cache_for=nil) #:nodoc:
+      request_hash = {}
+      params.each do |list_by, list|
+        request_hash.merge! hash_params(list_by, list.to_a)
+      end
+      if image_type
+        request_hash['Filter.1.Name']    = "image-type"
+        request_hash['Filter.1.Value.1'] = image_type
+      end
+      link = generate_request("DescribeImages", request_hash)
+      request_cache_or_info cache_for, link, QEc2DescribeImagesParser, @@bench, cache_for
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Retrieve a list of images. Returns array of hashes describing the images or an exception:
+    # +image_type+ = 'machine' || 'kernel' || 'ramdisk'
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_images #=>
+    #    [{:aws_owner => "522821470517",
+    #      :aws_id => "ami-e4b6538d",
+    #      :aws_state => "available",
+    #      :aws_location => "marcins_cool_public_images/ubuntu-6.10.manifest.xml",
+    #      :aws_is_public => true,
+    #      :aws_architecture => "i386",
+    #      :aws_image_type => "machine"},
+    #     {...},
+    #     {...} ]
+    #
+    # If +list+ param is set, then retrieve information about the listed images only:
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_images(['ami-e4b6538d']) #=>
+    #    [{:aws_owner => "522821470517",
+    #      :aws_id => "ami-e4b6538d",
+    #      :aws_state => "available",
+    #      :aws_location => "marcins_cool_public_images/ubuntu-6.10.manifest.xml",
+    #      :aws_is_public => true,
+    #      :aws_architecture => "i386",
+    #      :aws_image_type => "machine"}]
+    #
+    def describe_images(list=[], image_type=nil)
+      list      = list.to_a
+      cache_for = list.empty? && !image_type ? :describe_images : nil
+      ec2_describe_images({'ImageId' => list}, image_type, cache_for)
+    end
+
+    #
+    #  Example:
+    #
+    #   ec2.describe_images_by_owner('522821470517')
+    #   ec2.describe_images_by_owner('self')
+    #
+    def describe_images_by_owner(list=['self'], image_type=nil)
+      list      = list.to_a
+      cache_for = list==['self'] && !image_type ? :describe_images_by_owner : nil
+      ec2_describe_images({'Owner' => list}, image_type, cache_for)
+    end
+
+    #
+    #  Example:
+    #
+    #   ec2.describe_images_by_executable_by('522821470517')
+    #   ec2.describe_images_by_executable_by('self')
+    #   ec2.describe_images_by_executable_by('all')
+    #
+    def describe_images_by_executable_by(list=['self'], image_type=nil)
+      list      = list.to_a
+      cache_for = list==['self'] && !image_type ? :describe_images_by_executable_by : nil
+      ec2_describe_images({'ExecutableBy' => list}, image_type, cache_for)
+    end
+
+
+    # Register new image at Amazon.
+    # Returns new image id or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.register_image('bucket/key/manifest') #=> 'ami-e444444d'
+    #
+    def register_image(image_location)
+      link = generate_request("RegisterImage",
+                              'ImageLocation' => image_location.to_s)
+      request_info(link, QEc2RegisterImageParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Deregister image at Amazon. Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.deregister_image('ami-e444444d') #=> true
+    #
+    def deregister_image(image_id)
+      link = generate_request("DeregisterImage",
+                              'ImageId' => image_id.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+
+    # Describe image attributes. Currently 'launchPermission', 'productCodes', 'kernel', 'ramdisk' and 'blockDeviceMapping'  are supported.
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_image_attribute('ami-e444444d') #=> {:groups=>["all"], :users=>["000000000777"]}
+    #
+    def describe_image_attribute(image_id, attribute='launchPermission')
+      link = generate_request("DescribeImageAttribute",
+                              'ImageId'   => image_id,
+                              'Attribute' => attribute)
+      request_info(link, QEc2DescribeImageAttributeParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Reset image attribute. Currently, only 'launchPermission' is supported. Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.reset_image_attribute('ami-e444444d') #=> true
+    #
+    def reset_image_attribute(image_id, attribute='launchPermission')
+      link = generate_request("ResetImageAttribute",
+                              'ImageId'   => image_id,
+                              'Attribute' => attribute)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Modify an image's attributes. It is recommended that you use
+    # modify_image_launch_perm_add_users, modify_image_launch_perm_remove_users, etc.
+    # instead of modify_image_attribute because the signature of
+    # modify_image_attribute may change with EC2 service changes.
+    #
+    #  attribute      : currently, only 'launchPermission' is supported.
+    #  operation_type : currently, only 'add' & 'remove' are supported.
+    #  vars:
+    #    :user_group  : currently, only 'all' is supported.
+    #    :user_id
+    #    :product_code
+    def modify_image_attribute(image_id, attribute, operation_type = nil, vars = {})
+      params = {'ImageId'   => image_id,
+                'Attribute' => attribute}
+      params['OperationType'] = operation_type if operation_type
+      params.update(hash_params('UserId', vars[:user_id].to_a)) if vars[:user_id]
+      params.update(hash_params('UserGroup', vars[:user_group].to_a)) if vars[:user_group]
+      params.update(hash_params('ProductCode', vars[:product_code])) if vars[:product_code]
+      link = generate_request("ModifyImageAttribute", params)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Grant image launch permissions to users.
+    # Parameter +userId+ is a list of user AWS account ids.
+    # Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.modify_image_launch_perm_add_users('ami-e444444d',['000000000777','000000000778']) #=> true
+    def modify_image_launch_perm_add_users(image_id, user_id=[])
+      modify_image_attribute(image_id, 'launchPermission', 'add', :user_id => user_id.to_a)
+    end
+
+    # Revokes image launch permissions for users. +userId+ is a list of users AWS accounts ids. Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.modify_image_launch_perm_remove_users('ami-e444444d',['000000000777','000000000778']) #=> true
+    #
+    def modify_image_launch_perm_remove_users(image_id, user_id=[])
+      modify_image_attribute(image_id, 'launchPermission', 'remove', :user_id => user_id.to_a)
+    end
+
+    # Add image launch permissions for users groups (currently only 'all' is supported, which gives public launch permissions).
+    # Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.modify_image_launch_perm_add_groups('ami-e444444d') #=> true
+    #
+    def modify_image_launch_perm_add_groups(image_id, user_group=['all'])
+      modify_image_attribute(image_id, 'launchPermission', 'add', :user_group => user_group.to_a)
+    end
+
+    # Remove image launch permissions for users groups (currently only 'all' is supported, which gives public launch permissions).
+    #
+    #  ec2.modify_image_launch_perm_remove_groups('ami-e444444d') #=> true
+    #
+    def modify_image_launch_perm_remove_groups(image_id, user_group=['all'])
+      modify_image_attribute(image_id, 'launchPermission', 'remove', :user_group => user_group.to_a)
+    end
+
+    # Add product code to image
+    #
+    #  ec2.modify_image_product_code('ami-e444444d','0ABCDEF') #=> true
+    #
+    def modify_image_product_code(image_id, product_code=[])
+      modify_image_attribute(image_id, 'productCodes', nil, :product_code => product_code.to_a)
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Instances
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def get_desc_instances(instances) # :nodoc:
+      result = []
+      instances.each do |reservation|
+        reservation[:instances_set].each do |instance|
+          # Parse and remove timestamp from the reason string. The timestamp is of
+          # the request, not when EC2 took action, thus confusing & useless...
+          instance[:aws_reason]         = instance[:aws_reason].sub(/\(\d[^)]*GMT\) */, '')
+          instance[:aws_owner]          = reservation[:aws_owner]
+          instance[:aws_reservation_id] = reservation[:aws_reservation_id]
+          instance[:aws_groups]         = reservation[:aws_groups]
+          result << instance
+        end
+      end
+      result
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    def describe_availability_zones(options={})
+      link = generate_request("DescribeAvailabilityZones", options={})
+      request_info_xml_simple(:rds_connection, @params, link, @logger,
+                              :group_tags     =>{"DBInstances"      =>"DBInstance",
+                                                 "DBParameterGroups"=>"DBParameterGroup",
+                                                 "DBSecurityGroups" =>"DBSecurityGroup",
+                                                 "EC2SecurityGroups"=>"EC2SecurityGroup",
+                                                 "IPRanges"         =>"IPRange"},
+                              :force_array    =>["DBInstances",
+                                                 "DBParameterGroups",
+                                                 "DBSecurityGroups",
+                                                 "EC2SecurityGroups",
+                                                 "IPRanges"],
+                              :pull_out_array =>options[:pull_out_array],
+                              :pull_out_single=>options[:pull_out_single],
+                              :wrapper        =>options[:wrapper])
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Retrieve information about EC2 instances. If +list+ is omitted then returns the
+    # list of all instances.
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_instances #=>
+    #    [{:aws_image_id       => "ami-e444444d",
+    #      :aws_reason         => "",
+    #      :aws_state_code     => "16",
+    #      :aws_owner          => "000000000888",
+    #      :aws_instance_id    => "i-123f1234",
+    #      :aws_reservation_id => "r-aabbccdd",
+    #      :aws_state          => "running",
+    #      :dns_name           => "domU-12-34-67-89-01-C9.usma2.compute.amazonaws.com",
+    #      :ssh_key_name       => "staging",
+    #      :aws_groups         => ["default"],
+    #      :private_dns_name   => "domU-12-34-67-89-01-C9.usma2.compute.amazonaws.com",
+    #      :aws_instance_type  => "m1.small",
+    #      :aws_launch_time    => "2008-1-1T00:00:00.000Z"},
+    #      :aws_availability_zone => "us-east-1b",
+    #      :aws_kernel_id      => "aki-ba3adfd3",
+    #      :aws_ramdisk_id     => "ari-badbad00",
+    #      :monitoring_state         => ...,
+    #       ..., {...}]
+    #
+    def describe_instances(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeInstances", hash_params('InstanceId', list.to_a))
+      request_cache_or_info(:describe_instances, link, QEc2DescribeInstancesParser, @@bench, list.blank?) do |parser|
+        get_desc_instances(parser.result)
+      end
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Return the product code attached to instance or +nil+ otherwise.
+    #
+    #  ec2.confirm_product_instance('ami-e444444d','12345678') #=> nil
+    #  ec2.confirm_product_instance('ami-e444444d','00001111') #=> "000000000888"
+    #
+    def confirm_product_instance(instance, product_code)
+      link = generate_request("ConfirmProductInstance", {'ProductCode' => product_code,
+                                                         'InstanceId'  => instance})
+      request_info(link, QEc2ConfirmProductInstanceParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    end
+
+    # DEPRECATED, USE launch_instances instead.
+    #
+    # Launch new EC2 instances. Returns a list of launched instances or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.run_instances('ami-e444444d',1,1,['my_awesome_group'],'my_awesome_key', 'Woohoo!!!', 'public') #=>
+    #   [{:aws_image_id       => "ami-e444444d",
+    #     :aws_reason         => "",
+    #     :aws_state_code     => "0",
+    #     :aws_owner          => "000000000888",
+    #     :aws_instance_id    => "i-123f1234",
+    #     :aws_reservation_id => "r-aabbccdd",
+    #     :aws_state          => "pending",
+    #     :dns_name           => "",
+    #     :ssh_key_name       => "my_awesome_key",
+    #     :aws_groups         => ["my_awesome_group"],
+    #     :private_dns_name   => "",
+    #     :aws_instance_type  => "m1.small",
+    #     :aws_launch_time    => "2008-1-1T00:00:00.000Z"
+    #     :aws_ramdisk_id     => "ari-8605e0ef"
+    #     :aws_kernel_id      => "aki-9905e0f0",
+    #     :ami_launch_index   => "0",
+    #     :aws_availability_zone => "us-east-1b"
+    #     }]
+    #
+    def run_instances(image_id, min_count, max_count, group_ids, key_name, user_data='',
+        addressing_type = nil, instance_type = nil,
+        kernel_id = nil, ramdisk_id = nil, availability_zone = nil,
+        block_device_mappings = nil)
+      launch_instances(image_id, {:min_count             => min_count,
+                                  :max_count             => max_count,
+                                  :user_data             => user_data,
+                                  :group_ids             => group_ids,
+                                  :key_name              => key_name,
+                                  :instance_type         => instance_type,
+                                  :addressing_type       => addressing_type,
+                                  :kernel_id             => kernel_id,
+                                  :ramdisk_id            => ramdisk_id,
+                                  :availability_zone     => availability_zone,
+                                  :block_device_mappings => block_device_mappings
+      })
+    end
+
+
+    # Launch new EC2 instances. Returns a list of launched instances or an exception.
+    #
+    # +lparams+ keys (default values in parenthesis):
+    #  :min_count              fixnum, (1)
+    #  :max_count              fixnum, (1)
+    #  :group_ids              array or string ([] == 'default')
+    #  :instance_type          string (DEFAULT_INSTACE_TYPE)
+    #  :addressing_type        string (DEFAULT_ADDRESSING_TYPE
+    #  :key_name               string
+    #  :kernel_id              string
+    #  :ramdisk_id             string
+    #  :availability_zone      string
+    #  :block_device_mappings  string
+    #  :user_data              string
+    #  :monitoring_enabled     boolean (default=false)
+    #
+    #  ec2.launch_instances('ami-e444444d', :group_ids => 'my_awesome_group',
+    #                                       :user_data => "Woohoo!!!",
+    #                                       :addressing_type => "public",
+    #                                       :key_name => "my_awesome_key",
+    #                                       :availability_zone => "us-east-1c") #=>
+    #   [{:aws_image_id       => "ami-e444444d",
+    #     :aws_reason         => "",
+    #     :aws_state_code     => "0",
+    #     :aws_owner          => "000000000888",
+    #     :aws_instance_id    => "i-123f1234",
+    #     :aws_reservation_id => "r-aabbccdd",
+    #     :aws_state          => "pending",
+    #     :dns_name           => "",
+    #     :ssh_key_name       => "my_awesome_key",
+    #     :aws_groups         => ["my_awesome_group"],
+    #     :private_dns_name   => "",
+    #     :aws_instance_type  => "m1.small",
+    #     :aws_launch_time    => "2008-1-1T00:00:00.000Z",
+    #     :aws_ramdisk_id     => "ari-8605e0ef"
+    #     :aws_kernel_id      => "aki-9905e0f0",
+    #     :ami_launch_index   => "0",
+    #     :aws_availability_zone => "us-east-1c"
+    #     }]
+    #
+    def launch_instances(image_id, options={})
+      @logger.info("Launching instance of image #{image_id} for #{@aws_access_key_id}, " +
+                       "key: #{options[:key_name]}, groups: #{(options[:group_ids]).to_a.join(',')}")
+      # careful: keyName and securityGroups may be nil
+      params = hash_params('SecurityGroup', options[:group_ids].to_a)
+      params.update({'ImageId'        => image_id,
+                     'MinCount'       => (options[:min_count] || 1).to_s,
+                     'MaxCount'       => (options[:max_count] || 1).to_s,
+                     'AddressingType' => options[:addressing_type] || DEFAULT_ADDRESSING_TYPE,
+                     'InstanceType'   => options[:instance_type] || DEFAULT_INSTANCE_TYPE})
+      # optional params
+      params['KeyName'] = options[:key_name] unless options[:key_name].blank?
+      params['KernelId'] = options[:kernel_id] unless options[:kernel_id].blank?
+      params['RamdiskId'] = options[:ramdisk_id] unless options[:ramdisk_id].blank?
+      params['Placement.AvailabilityZone'] = options[:availability_zone] unless options[:availability_zone].blank?
+      params['BlockDeviceMappings'] = options[:block_device_mappings] unless options[:block_device_mappings].blank?
+      params['Monitoring.Enabled'] = options[:monitoring_enabled] unless options[:monitoring_enabled].blank?
+      params['SubnetId'] = options[:subnet_id] unless options[:subnet_id].blank?
+      params['AdditionalInfo'] = options[:additional_info] unless options[:additional_info].blank?
+      params['DisableApiTermination'] = options[:disable_api_termination].to_s unless options[:disable_api_termination].nil?
+      params['InstanceInitiatedShutdownBehavior'] = options[:instance_initiated_shutdown_behavior] unless options[:instance_initiated_shutdown_behavior].blank?
+      unless options[:user_data].blank?
+        options[:user_data].strip!
+        # Do not use CGI::escape(encode64(...)) as it is done in Amazons EC2 library.
+        # Amazon 169.254.169.254 does not like escaped symbols!
+        # And it doesn't like "\n" inside of encoded string! Grrr....
+        # Otherwise, some of UserData symbols will be lost...
+        params['UserData'] = Base64.encode64(options[:user_data]).delete("\n").strip unless options[:user_data].blank?
+      end
+      link      = generate_request("RunInstances", params)
+      #debugger
+      instances = request_info(link, QEc2DescribeInstancesParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+      get_desc_instances(instances)
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    def monitor_instances(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("MonitorInstances", hash_params('InstanceId', list.to_a))
+      request_info(link, QEc2TerminateInstancesParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Terminates EC2 instances. Returns a list of termination params or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.terminate_instances(['i-f222222d','i-f222222e']) #=>
+    #    [{:aws_shutdown_state      => "shutting-down",
+    #      :aws_instance_id         => "i-f222222d",
+    #      :aws_shutdown_state_code => 32,
+    #      :aws_prev_state          => "running",
+    #      :aws_prev_state_code     => 16},
+    #     {:aws_shutdown_state      => "shutting-down",
+    #      :aws_instance_id         => "i-f222222e",
+    #      :aws_shutdown_state_code => 32,
+    #      :aws_prev_state          => "running",
+    #      :aws_prev_state_code     => 16}]
+    #
+    def terminate_instances(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("TerminateInstances", hash_params('InstanceId', list.to_a))
+      request_info(link, QEc2TerminateInstancesParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Retreive EC2 instance OS logs. Returns a hash of data or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.get_console_output('i-f222222d') =>
+    #    {:aws_instance_id => 'i-f222222d',
+    #     :aws_timestamp   => "2007-05-23T14:36:07.000-07:00",
+    #     :timestamp       => Wed May 23 21:36:07 UTC 2007,          # Time instance
+    #     :aws_output      => "Linux version 2.6.16-xenU (builder@patchbat.amazonsa) (gcc version 4.0.1 20050727 ..."
+    def get_console_output(instance_id)
+      link = generate_request("GetConsoleOutput", {'InstanceId.1' => instance_id})
+      request_info(link, QEc2GetConsoleOutputParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Reboot an EC2 instance. Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.reboot_instances(['i-f222222d','i-f222222e']) #=> true
+    #
+    def reboot_instances(list)
+      link = generate_request("RebootInstances", hash_params('InstanceId', list.to_a))
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Instances: Windows addons
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Get initial Windows Server setup password from an instance console output.
+    #
+    #  my_awesome_key = ec2.create_key_pair('my_awesome_key') #=>
+    #    {:aws_key_name    => "my_awesome_key",
+    #     :aws_fingerprint => "01:02:03:f4:25:e6:97:e8:9b:02:1a:26:32:4e:58:6b:7a:8c:9f:03",
+    #     :aws_material    => "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEpQIBAAK...Q8MDrCbuQ=\n-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"}
+    #
+    #  my_awesome_instance = ec2.run_instances('ami-a000000a',1,1,['my_awesome_group'],'my_awesome_key', 'WindowsInstance!!!') #=>
+    #   [{:aws_image_id       => "ami-a000000a",
+    #     :aws_instance_id    => "i-12345678",
+    #     ...
+    #     :aws_availability_zone => "us-east-1b"
+    #     }]
+    #
+    #  # wait until instance enters 'operational' state and get it's initial password
+    #
+    #  puts ec2.get_initial_password(my_awesome_instance[:aws_instance_id], my_awesome_key[:aws_material]) #=> "MhjWcgZuY6"
+    #
+    def get_initial_password(instance_id, private_key)
+      console_output   = get_console_output(instance_id)
+      crypted_password = console_output[:aws_output][%r{<Password>(.+)</Password>}m] && $1
+      unless crypted_password
+        raise AwsError.new("Initial password was not found in console output for #{instance_id}")
+      else
+        OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(private_key).private_decrypt(Base64.decode64(crypted_password))
+      end
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Bundle a Windows image.
+    # Internally, it queues the bundling task and shuts down the instance.
+    # It then takes a snapshot of the Windows volume bundles it, and uploads it to
+    # S3. After bundling completes, Aws::Ec2#register_image may be used to
+    # register the new Windows AMI for subsequent launches.
+    #
+    #   ec2.bundle_instance('i-e3e24e8a', 'my-awesome-bucket', 'my-win-image-1') #=>
+    #    [{:aws_update_time => "2008-10-16T13:58:25.000Z",
+    #      :s3_bucket       => "kd-win-1",
+    #      :s3_prefix       => "win2pr",
+    #      :aws_state       => "pending",
+    #      :aws_id          => "bun-26a7424f",
+    #      :aws_instance_id => "i-878a25ee",
+    #      :aws_start_time  => "2008-10-16T13:58:02.000Z"}]
+    #
+    def bundle_instance(instance_id, s3_bucket, s3_prefix,
+        s3_owner_aws_access_key_id=nil, s3_owner_aws_secret_access_key=nil,
+        s3_expires = S3Interface::DEFAULT_EXPIRES_AFTER,
+        s3_upload_policy='ec2-bundle-read')
+      # S3 access and signatures
+      s3_owner_aws_access_key_id     ||= @aws_access_key_id
+      s3_owner_aws_secret_access_key ||= @aws_secret_access_key
+      s3_expires = Time.now.utc + s3_expires if s3_expires.is_a?(Fixnum) && (s3_expires < S3Interface::ONE_YEAR_IN_SECONDS)
+      # policy
+      policy          = {'expiration' => s3_expires.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ'),
+                         'conditions' => [{'bucket' => s3_bucket},
+                                          {'acl' => s3_upload_policy},
+                                          ['starts-with', '$key', s3_prefix]]}.to_json
+      policy64        = Base64.encode64(policy).gsub("\n", "")
+      signed_policy64 = AwsUtils.sign(s3_owner_aws_secret_access_key, policy64)
+      # fill request params
+      params          = {'InstanceId'                       => instance_id,
+                         'Storage.S3.AWSAccessKeyId'        => s3_owner_aws_access_key_id,
+                         'Storage.S3.UploadPolicy'          => policy64,
+                         'Storage.S3.UploadPolicySignature' => signed_policy64,
+                         'Storage.S3.Bucket'                => s3_bucket,
+                         'Storage.S3.Prefix'                => s3_prefix,
+      }
+      link            = generate_request("BundleInstance", params)
+      request_info(link, QEc2BundleInstanceParser.new)
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Describe the status of the Windows AMI bundlings.
+    # If +list+ is omitted the returns the whole list of tasks.
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_bundle_tasks(['bun-4fa74226']) #=>
+    #    [{:s3_bucket         => "my-awesome-bucket"
+    #      :aws_id            => "bun-0fa70206",
+    #      :s3_prefix         => "win1pr",
+    #      :aws_start_time    => "2008-10-14T16:27:57.000Z",
+    #      :aws_update_time   => "2008-10-14T16:37:10.000Z",
+    #      :aws_error_code    => "Client.S3Error",
+    #      :aws_error_message =>
+    #       "AccessDenied(403)- Invalid according to Policy: Policy Condition failed: [\"eq\", \"$acl\", \"aws-exec-read\"]",
+    #      :aws_state         => "failed",
+    #      :aws_instance_id   => "i-e3e24e8a"}]
+    #
+    def describe_bundle_tasks(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeBundleTasks", hash_params('BundleId', list.to_a))
+      request_info(link, QEc2DescribeBundleTasksParser.new)
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Cancel an in‐progress or pending bundle task by id.
+    #
+    #  ec2.cancel_bundle_task('bun-73a7421a') #=>
+    #   [{:s3_bucket         => "my-awesome-bucket"
+    #     :aws_id            => "bun-0fa70206",
+    #     :s3_prefix         => "win02",
+    #     :aws_start_time    => "2008-10-14T13:00:29.000Z",
+    #     :aws_error_message => "User has requested bundling operation cancellation",
+    #     :aws_state         => "failed",
+    #     :aws_update_time   => "2008-10-14T13:01:31.000Z",
+    #     :aws_error_code    => "Client.Cancelled",
+    #     :aws_instance_id   => "i-e3e24e8a"}
+    #
+    def cancel_bundle_task(bundle_id)
+      link = generate_request("CancelBundleTask", {'BundleId' => bundle_id})
+      request_info(link, QEc2BundleInstanceParser.new)
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Security groups
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Retrieve Security Group information. If +list+ is omitted the returns the whole list of groups.
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_security_groups #=>
+    #    [{:aws_group_name  => "default-1",
+    #      :aws_owner       => "000000000888",
+    #      :aws_description => "Default allowing SSH, HTTP, and HTTPS ingress",
+    #      :aws_perms       =>
+    #        [{:owner => "000000000888", :group => "default"},
+    #         {:owner => "000000000888", :group => "default-1"},
+    #         {:to_port => "-1",  :protocol => "icmp", :from_port => "-1",  :cidr_ips => "0.0.0.0/0"},
+    #         {:to_port => "22",  :protocol => "tcp",  :from_port => "22",  :cidr_ips => "0.0.0.0/0"},
+    #         {:to_port => "80",  :protocol => "tcp",  :from_port => "80",  :cidr_ips => "0.0.0.0/0"},
+    #         {:to_port => "443", :protocol => "tcp",  :from_port => "443", :cidr_ips => "0.0.0.0/0"}]},
+    #    ..., {...}]
+    #
+    def describe_security_groups(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeSecurityGroups", hash_params('GroupName', list.to_a))
+      request_cache_or_info(:describe_security_groups, link, QEc2DescribeSecurityGroupsParser, @@bench, list.blank?) do |parser|
+        result = []
+        parser.result.each do |item|
+          perms = []
+          item.ipPermissions.each do |perm|
+            perm.groups.each do |ngroup|
+              perms << {:group => ngroup.groupName,
+                        :owner => ngroup.userId}
+            end
+            perm.ipRanges.each do |cidr_ip|
+              perms << {:from_port => perm.fromPort,
+                        :to_port   => perm.toPort,
+                        :protocol  => perm.ipProtocol,
+                        :cidr_ips  => cidr_ip}
+            end
+          end
+
+          # delete duplication
+          perms.each_index do |i|
+            (0...i).each do |j|
+              if perms[i] == perms[j] then
+                perms[i] = nil; break;
+              end
+            end
+          end
+          perms.compact!
+
+          result << {:aws_owner       => item.ownerId,
+                     :aws_group_name  => item.groupName,
+                     :aws_description => item.groupDescription,
+                     :aws_perms       => perms}
+
+        end
+        result
+      end
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Create new Security Group. Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.create_security_group('default-1',"Default allowing SSH, HTTP, and HTTPS ingress") #=> true
+    #
+    def create_security_group(name, description)
+      # EC2 doesn't like an empty description...
+      description = " " if description.blank?
+      link = generate_request("CreateSecurityGroup",
+                              'GroupName'        => name.to_s,
+                              'GroupDescription' => description.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Remove Security Group. Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.delete_security_group('default-1') #=> true
+    #
+    def delete_security_group(name)
+      link = generate_request("DeleteSecurityGroup",
+                              'GroupName' => name.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Authorize named ingress for security group. Allows instances that are member of someone
+    # else's security group to open connections to instances in my group.
+    #
+    #  ec2.authorize_security_group_named_ingress('my_awesome_group', '7011-0219-8268', 'their_group_name') #=> true
+    #
+    def authorize_security_group_named_ingress(name, owner, group)
+      link = generate_request("AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress",
+                              'GroupName'                  => name.to_s,
+                              'SourceSecurityGroupName'    => group.to_s,
+                              'SourceSecurityGroupOwnerId' => owner.to_s.gsub(/-/, ''))
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Revoke named ingress for security group.
+    #
+    #  ec2.revoke_security_group_named_ingress('my_awesome_group', aws_user_id, 'another_group_name') #=> true
+    #
+    def revoke_security_group_named_ingress(name, owner, group)
+      link = generate_request("RevokeSecurityGroupIngress",
+                              'GroupName'                  => name.to_s,
+                              'SourceSecurityGroupName'    => group.to_s,
+                              'SourceSecurityGroupOwnerId' => owner.to_s.gsub(/-/, ''))
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Add permission to a security group. Returns +true+ or an exception. +protocol+ is one of :'tcp'|'udp'|'icmp'.
+    #
+    #  ec2.authorize_security_group_IP_ingress('my_awesome_group', 80, 82, 'udp', '192.168.1.0/8') #=> true
+    #  ec2.authorize_security_group_IP_ingress('my_awesome_group', -1, -1, 'icmp') #=> true
+    #
+    def authorize_security_group_IP_ingress(name, from_port, to_port, protocol='tcp', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0')
+      link = generate_request("AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress",
+                              'GroupName'  => name.to_s,
+                              'IpProtocol' => protocol.to_s,
+                              'FromPort'   => from_port.to_s,
+                              'ToPort'     => to_port.to_s,
+                              'CidrIp'     => cidr_ip.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Remove permission from a security group. Returns +true+ or an exception. +protocol+ is one of :'tcp'|'udp'|'icmp' ('tcp' is default).
+    #
+    #  ec2.revoke_security_group_IP_ingress('my_awesome_group', 80, 82, 'udp', '192.168.1.0/8') #=> true
+    #
+    def revoke_security_group_IP_ingress(name, from_port, to_port, protocol='tcp', cidr_ip='0.0.0.0/0')
+      link = generate_request("RevokeSecurityGroupIngress",
+                              'GroupName'  => name.to_s,
+                              'IpProtocol' => protocol.to_s,
+                              'FromPort'   => from_port.to_s,
+                              'ToPort'     => to_port.to_s,
+                              'CidrIp'     => cidr_ip.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Keys
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Retrieve a list of SSH keys. Returns an array of keys or an exception. Each key is
+    # represented as a two-element hash.
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_key_pairs #=>
+    #    [{:aws_fingerprint=> "01:02:03:f4:25:e6:97:e8:9b:02:1a:26:32:4e:58:6b:7a:8c:9f:03", :aws_key_name=>"key-1"},
+    #     {:aws_fingerprint=> "1e:29:30:47:58:6d:7b:8c:9f:08:11:20:3c:44:52:69:74:80:97:08", :aws_key_name=>"key-2"},
+    #      ..., {...} ]
+    #
+    def describe_key_pairs(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeKeyPairs", hash_params('KeyName', list.to_a))
+      request_cache_or_info :describe_key_pairs, link, QEc2DescribeKeyPairParser, @@bench, list.blank?
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Create new SSH key. Returns a hash of the key's data or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.create_key_pair('my_awesome_key') #=>
+    #    {:aws_key_name    => "my_awesome_key",
+    #     :aws_fingerprint => "01:02:03:f4:25:e6:97:e8:9b:02:1a:26:32:4e:58:6b:7a:8c:9f:03",
+    #     :aws_material    => "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEpQIBAAK...Q8MDrCbuQ=\n-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----"}
+    #
+    def create_key_pair(name)
+      link = generate_request("CreateKeyPair",
+                              'KeyName' => name.to_s)
+      request_info(link, QEc2CreateKeyPairParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Delete a key pair. Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.delete_key_pair('my_awesome_key') #=> true
+    #
+    def delete_key_pair(name)
+      link = generate_request("DeleteKeyPair",
+                              'KeyName' => name.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Elastic IPs
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Acquire a new elastic IP address for use with your account.
+    # Returns allocated IP address or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.allocate_address #=> '75.101.154.140'
+    #
+    def allocate_address
+      link = generate_request("AllocateAddress")
+      request_info(link, QEc2AllocateAddressParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Associate an elastic IP address with an instance.
+    # Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.associate_address('i-d630cbbf', '75.101.154.140') #=> true
+    #
+    def associate_address(instance_id, public_ip)
+      link = generate_request("AssociateAddress",
+                              "InstanceId" => instance_id.to_s,
+                              "PublicIp"   => public_ip.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # List elastic IP addresses assigned to your account.
+    # Returns an array of 2 keys (:instance_id and :public_ip) hashes:
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_addresses  #=> [{:instance_id=>"i-d630cbbf", :public_ip=>"75.101.154.140"},
+    #                               {:instance_id=>nil, :public_ip=>"75.101.154.141"}]
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_addresses('75.101.154.140') #=> [{:instance_id=>"i-d630cbbf", :public_ip=>"75.101.154.140"}]
+    #
+    def describe_addresses(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeAddresses",
+                              hash_params('PublicIp', list.to_a))
+      request_cache_or_info :describe_addresses, link, QEc2DescribeAddressesParser, @@bench, list.blank?
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Disassociate the specified elastic IP address from the instance to which it is assigned.
+    # Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.disassociate_address('75.101.154.140') #=> true
+    #
+    def disassociate_address(public_ip)
+      link = generate_request("DisassociateAddress",
+                              "PublicIp" => public_ip.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Release an elastic IP address associated with your account.
+    # Returns +true+ or an exception.
+    #
+    #  ec2.release_address('75.101.154.140') #=> true
+    #
+    def release_address(public_ip)
+      link = generate_request("ReleaseAddress",
+                              "PublicIp" => public_ip.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Availability zones
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Describes availability zones that are currently available to the account and their states.
+    # Returns an array of 2 keys (:zone_name and :zone_state) hashes:
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_availability_zones  #=> [{:region_name=>"us-east-1",
+    #                                         :zone_name=>"us-east-1a",
+    #                                         :zone_state=>"available"}, ... ]
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_availability_zones('us-east-1c') #=> [{:region_name=>"us-east-1",
+    #                                                      :zone_state=>"available",
+    #                                                      :zone_name=>"us-east-1c"}]
+    #
+    def describe_availability_zones(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeAvailabilityZones",
+                              hash_params('ZoneName', list.to_a))
+      request_cache_or_info :describe_availability_zones, link, QEc2DescribeAvailabilityZonesParser, @@bench, list.blank?
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Regions
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Describe regions.
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_regions  #=> ["eu-west-1", "us-east-1"]
+    #
+    def describe_regions(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeRegions",
+                              hash_params('RegionName', list.to_a))
+      request_cache_or_info :describe_regions, link, QEc2DescribeRegionsParser, @@bench, list.blank?
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      EBS: Volumes
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Describe all EBS volumes.
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_volumes #=>
+    #      [{:aws_size              => 94,
+    #        :aws_device            => "/dev/sdc",
+    #        :aws_attachment_status => "attached",
+    #        :zone                  => "merlot",
+    #        :snapshot_id           => nil,
+    #        :aws_attached_at       => Wed Jun 18 08:19:28 UTC 2008,
+    #        :aws_status            => "in-use",
+    #        :aws_id                => "vol-60957009",
+    #        :aws_created_at        => Wed Jun 18 08:19:20s UTC 2008,
+    #        :aws_instance_id       => "i-c014c0a9"},
+    #       {:aws_size       => 1,
+    #        :zone           => "merlot",
+    #        :snapshot_id    => nil,
+    #        :aws_status     => "available",
+    #        :aws_id         => "vol-58957031",
+    #        :aws_created_at => Wed Jun 18 08:19:21 UTC 2008,}, ... ]
+    #
+    def describe_volumes(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeVolumes",
+                              hash_params('VolumeId', list.to_a))
+      request_cache_or_info :describe_volumes, link, QEc2DescribeVolumesParser, @@bench, list.blank?
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Create new EBS volume based on previously created snapshot.
+    # +Size+ in Gigabytes.
+    #
+    #  ec2.create_volume('snap-000000', 10, zone) #=>
+    #      {:snapshot_id    => "snap-e21df98b",
+    #       :aws_status     => "creating",
+    #       :aws_id         => "vol-fc9f7a95",
+    #       :zone           => "merlot",
+    #       :aws_created_at => Tue Jun 24 18:13:32 UTC 2008,
+    #       :aws_size       => 94}
+    #
+    def create_volume(snapshot_id, size, zone)
+      link = generate_request("CreateVolume",
+                              "SnapshotId"       => snapshot_id.to_s,
+                              "Size"             => size.to_s,
+                              "AvailabilityZone" => zone.to_s)
+      request_info(link, QEc2CreateVolumeParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Delete the specified EBS volume.
+    # This does not deletes any snapshots created from this volume.
+    #
+    #  ec2.delete_volume('vol-b48a6fdd') #=> true
+    #
+    def delete_volume(volume_id)
+      link = generate_request("DeleteVolume",
+                              "VolumeId" => volume_id.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Attach the specified EBS volume to a specified instance, exposing the
+    # volume using the specified device name.
+    #
+    #  ec2.attach_volume('vol-898a6fe0', 'i-7c905415', '/dev/sdh') #=>
+    #    { :aws_instance_id => "i-7c905415",
+    #      :aws_device      => "/dev/sdh",
+    #      :aws_status      => "attaching",
+    #      :aws_attached_at => "2008-03-28T14:14:39.000Z",
+    #      :aws_id          => "vol-898a6fe0" }
+    #
+    def attach_volume(volume_id, instance_id, device)
+      link = generate_request("AttachVolume",
+                              "VolumeId"   => volume_id.to_s,
+                              "InstanceId" => instance_id.to_s,
+                              "Device"     => device.to_s)
+      request_info(link, QEc2AttachAndDetachVolumeParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Detach the specified EBS volume from the instance to which it is attached.
+    #
+    #   ec2.detach_volume('vol-898a6fe0') #=>
+    #     { :aws_instance_id => "i-7c905415",
+    #       :aws_device      => "/dev/sdh",
+    #       :aws_status      => "detaching",
+    #       :aws_attached_at => "2008-03-28T14:38:34.000Z",
+    #       :aws_id          => "vol-898a6fe0"}
+    #
+    def detach_volume(volume_id, instance_id=nil, device=nil, force=nil)
+      hash = {"VolumeId" => volume_id.to_s}
+      hash["InstanceId"] = instance_id.to_s unless instance_id.blank?
+      hash["Device"] = device.to_s unless device.blank?
+      hash["Force"] = 'true' if     force
+      #
+      link = generate_request("DetachVolume", hash)
+      request_info(link, QEc2AttachAndDetachVolumeParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      EBS: Snapshots
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Describe all EBS snapshots.
+    #
+    # ec2.describe_snapshots #=>
+    #   [ { :aws_progress   => "100%",
+    #       :aws_status     => "completed",
+    #       :aws_id         => "snap-72a5401b",
+    #       :aws_volume_id  => "vol-5582673c",
+    #       :aws_started_at => "2008-02-23T02:50:48.000Z"},
+    #     { :aws_progress   => "100%",
+    #       :aws_status     => "completed",
+    #       :aws_id         => "snap-75a5401c",
+    #       :aws_volume_id  => "vol-5582673c",
+    #       :aws_started_at => "2008-02-23T16:23:19.000Z" },...]
+    #
+    def describe_snapshots(list=[])
+      link = generate_request("DescribeSnapshots",
+                              hash_params('SnapshotId', list.to_a))
+      request_cache_or_info :describe_snapshots, link, QEc2DescribeSnapshotsParser, @@bench, list.blank?
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Create a snapshot of specified volume.
+    #
+    #  ec2.create_snapshot('vol-898a6fe0') #=>
+    #      {:aws_volume_id  => "vol-fd9f7a94",
+    #       :aws_started_at => Tue Jun 24 18:40:40 UTC 2008,
+    #       :aws_progress   => "",
+    #       :aws_status     => "pending",
+    #       :aws_id         => "snap-d56783bc"}
+    #
+    def create_snapshot(volume_id)
+      link = generate_request("CreateSnapshot",
+                              "VolumeId" => volume_id.to_s)
+      request_info(link, QEc2CreateSnapshotParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Create a snapshot of specified volume, but with the normal retry algorithms disabled.
+    # This method will return immediately upon error.  The user can specify connect and read timeouts (in s)
+    # for the connection to AWS.  If the user does not specify timeouts, try_create_snapshot uses the default values
+    # in Rightscale::HttpConnection.
+    #
+    #  ec2.try_create_snapshot('vol-898a6fe0') #=>
+    #      {:aws_volume_id  => "vol-fd9f7a94",
+    #       :aws_started_at => Tue Jun 24 18:40:40 UTC 2008,
+    #       :aws_progress   => "",
+    #       :aws_status     => "pending",
+    #       :aws_id         => "snap-d56783bc"}
+    #
+    def try_create_snapshot(volume_id, connect_timeout = nil, read_timeout = nil)
+      # For safety in the ensure block...we don't want to restore values
+      # if we never read them in the first place
+      orig_reiteration_time                         = nil
+      orig_http_params                              = nil
+
+      orig_reiteration_time                         = Aws::AWSErrorHandler::reiteration_time
+      Aws::AWSErrorHandler::reiteration_time        = 0
+
+      orig_http_params                              = Rightscale::HttpConnection::params()
+      new_http_params                               = orig_http_params.dup
+      new_http_params[:http_connection_retry_count] = 0
+      new_http_params[:http_connection_open_timeout] = connect_timeout if !connect_timeout.nil?
+      new_http_params[:http_connection_read_timeout] = read_timeout if !read_timeout.nil?
+      Rightscale::HttpConnection::params = new_http_params
+
+      link                               = generate_request("CreateSnapshot",
+                                                            "VolumeId" => volume_id.to_s)
+      request_info(link, QEc2CreateSnapshotParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    ensure
+      Aws::AWSErrorHandler::reiteration_time = orig_reiteration_time if orig_reiteration_time
+      Rightscale::HttpConnection::params = orig_http_params if orig_http_params
+    end
+
+    # Delete the specified snapshot.
+    #
+    #  ec2.delete_snapshot('snap-55a5403c') #=> true
+    #
+    def delete_snapshot(snapshot_id)
+      link = generate_request("DeleteSnapshot",
+                              "SnapshotId" => snapshot_id.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Add/replace one tag to a resource
+    # http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/index.html?ApiReference_query_CreateTags.html
+    #
+    #  ec2.create_tag('ami-1a2b3c4d', 'webserver') #=> true
+    #  ec2.create_tag('i-7f4d3a2b',   'stack', 'Production') #=> true
+    #
+    def create_tag(resource_id, key, value = nil)
+      link = generate_request("CreateTags",
+                              "ResourceId.1" => resource_id.to_s,
+                              "Tag.1.Key"    => key.to_s,
+                              "Tag.1.Value"  => value.to_s)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Describe tags
+    # http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/index.html?ApiReference_query_DescribeTags.html
+    #
+    #  ec2.describe_tags
+    #  ec2.describe_tags(
+    #    'Filter.1.Name' => 'resource-type', 'Filter.1.Value.1' => 'instance',
+    #    'Filter.2.Name' => 'value',         'Filter.2.Value.1' => 'Test', 'Filter.2.Value.2' => 'Production'
+    #  )
+    #
+    def describe_tags(filters = {})
+      link = generate_request("DescribeTags", filters)
+      request_info(link, QEc2DescribeTagsParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    # Delete one or all tags from a resource
+    # http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/index.html?ApiReference_query_DeleteTags.html
+    #
+    #  ec2.delete_tag('i-7f4d3a2b', 'stack') #=> true
+    #  ec2.delete_tag('i-7f4d3a2b', 'stack', 'Production') #=> true
+    #
+    # "If you omit Tag.n.Value, we delete the tag regardless of its value. If
+    # you specify this parameter with an empty string as the value, we delete the
+    # key only if its value is an empty string."
+    # http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AWSEC2/latest/APIReference/ApiReference_query_DeleteTags.html
+    #
+    def delete_tag(resource_id, key, value = nil)
+      request_args = {"ResourceId.1" => resource_id.to_s, "Tag.1.Key" => key.to_s}
+      request_args["Tag.1.Value"] = value.to_s if value
+
+      link = generate_request("DeleteTags", request_args)
+      request_info(link, RightBoolResponseParser.new(:logger => @logger))
+    rescue Exception
+      on_exception
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Boolean Response Parser
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class RightBoolResponseParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        @result = @text=='true' ? true : false if name == 'return'
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Key Pair
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2DescribeKeyPairParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @item = {} if name == 'item'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'keyName' then
+            @item[:aws_key_name] = @text
+          when 'keyFingerprint' then
+            @item[:aws_fingerprint] = @text
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @item
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = [];
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2CreateKeyPairParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @result = {} if name == 'CreateKeyPairResponse'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'keyName' then
+            @result[:aws_key_name] = @text
+          when 'keyFingerprint' then
+            @result[:aws_fingerprint] = @text
+          when 'keyMaterial' then
+            @result[:aws_material] = @text
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Security Groups
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2UserIdGroupPairType #:nodoc:
+      attr_accessor :userId
+      attr_accessor :groupName
+    end
+
+    class QEc2IpPermissionType #:nodoc:
+      attr_accessor :ipProtocol
+      attr_accessor :fromPort
+      attr_accessor :toPort
+      attr_accessor :groups
+      attr_accessor :ipRanges
+    end
+
+    class QEc2SecurityGroupItemType #:nodoc:
+      attr_accessor :groupName
+      attr_accessor :groupDescription
+      attr_accessor :ownerId
+      attr_accessor :ipPermissions
+    end
+
+
+    class QEc2DescribeSecurityGroupsParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        case name
+          when 'item'
+            if @xmlpath=='DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse/securityGroupInfo'
+              @group               = QEc2SecurityGroupItemType.new
+              @group.ipPermissions = []
+            elsif @xmlpath=='DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse/securityGroupInfo/item/ipPermissions'
+              @perm          = QEc2IpPermissionType.new
+              @perm.ipRanges = []
+              @perm.groups   = []
+            elsif @xmlpath=='DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse/securityGroupInfo/item/ipPermissions/item/groups'
+              @sgroup = QEc2UserIdGroupPairType.new
+            end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'ownerId' then
+            @group.ownerId = @text
+          when 'groupDescription' then
+            @group.groupDescription = @text
+          when 'groupName'
+            if @xmlpath=='DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse/securityGroupInfo/item'
+              @group.groupName = @text
+            elsif @xmlpath=='DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse/securityGroupInfo/item/ipPermissions/item/groups/item'
+              @sgroup.groupName = @text
+            end
+          when 'ipProtocol' then
+            @perm.ipProtocol = @text
+          when 'fromPort' then
+            @perm.fromPort = @text
+          when 'toPort' then
+            @perm.toPort = @text
+          when 'userId' then
+            @sgroup.userId = @text
+          when 'cidrIp' then
+            @perm.ipRanges << @text
+          when 'item'
+            if @xmlpath=='DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse/securityGroupInfo/item/ipPermissions/item/groups'
+              @perm.groups << @sgroup
+            elsif @xmlpath=='DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse/securityGroupInfo/item/ipPermissions'
+              @group.ipPermissions << @perm
+            elsif @xmlpath=='DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse/securityGroupInfo'
+              @result << @group
+            end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Images
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2DescribeImagesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        if name == 'item' && @xmlpath[%r{.*/imagesSet$}]
+          @image = {}
+        end
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'imageId' then
+            @image[:aws_id] = @text
+          when 'name' then
+            @image[:aws_name] = @text
+          when 'description' then
+            @image[:aws_description] = @text
+          when 'imageLocation' then
+            @image[:aws_location] = @text
+          when 'imageState' then
+            @image[:aws_state] = @text
+          when 'imageOwnerId' then
+            @image[:aws_owner] = @text
+          when 'isPublic' then
+            @image[:aws_is_public]= @text == 'true' ? true : false
+          when 'productCode' then
+            (@image[:aws_product_codes] ||= []) << @text
+          when 'architecture' then
+            @image[:aws_architecture] = @text
+          when 'imageType' then
+            @image[:aws_image_type] = @text
+          when 'kernelId' then
+            @image[:aws_kernel_id] = @text
+          when 'ramdiskId' then
+            @image[:aws_ramdisk_id] = @text
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @image if @xmlpath[%r{.*/imagesSet$}]
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2RegisterImageParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        @result = @text if name == 'imageId'
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Image Attribute
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2DescribeImageAttributeParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        case name
+          when 'launchPermission'
+            @result[:groups] = []
+            @result[:users]  = []
+          when 'productCodes'
+            @result[:aws_product_codes] = []
+        end
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        # right now only 'launchPermission' is supported by Amazon.
+        # But nobody know what will they xml later as attribute. That is why we
+        # check for 'group' and 'userId' inside of 'launchPermission/item'
+        case name
+          when 'imageId' then
+            @result[:aws_id] = @text
+          when 'group' then
+            @result[:groups] << @text if @xmlpath == 'DescribeImageAttributeResponse/launchPermission/item'
+          when 'userId' then
+            @result[:users] << @text if @xmlpath == 'DescribeImageAttributeResponse/launchPermission/item'
+          when 'productCode' then
+            @result[:aws_product_codes] << @text
+          when 'kernel' then
+            @result[:aws_kernel] = @text
+          when 'ramdisk' then
+            @result[:aws_ramdisk] = @text
+          when 'blockDeviceMapping' then
+            @result[:block_device_mapping] = @text
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = {}
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Instances
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2DescribeInstancesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        # DescribeInstances property
+        if (name == 'item' && @xmlpath == 'DescribeInstancesResponse/reservationSet') ||
+            # RunInstances property
+        (name == 'RunInstancesResponse')
+          @reservation = {:aws_groups    => [],
+                          :instances_set => []}
+
+        elsif (name == 'item') &&
+            # DescribeInstances property
+        (@xmlpath=='DescribeInstancesResponse/reservationSet/item/instancesSet' ||
+            # RunInstances property
+        @xmlpath=='RunInstancesResponse/instancesSet')
+          # the optional params (sometimes are missing and we dont want them to be nil)
+          @instance = {:aws_reason        => '',
+                       :dns_name          => '',
+                       :private_dns_name  => '',
+                       :ami_launch_index  => '',
+                       :ssh_key_name      => '',
+                       :aws_state         => '',
+                       :aws_product_codes => [],
+                       :tags              => {}}
+        end
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          # reservation
+          when 'reservationId' then
+            @reservation[:aws_reservation_id] = @text
+          when 'ownerId' then
+            @reservation[:aws_owner] = @text
+          when 'groupId' then
+            @reservation[:aws_groups] << @text
+          # instance
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @instance[:aws_instance_id] = @text
+          when 'imageId' then
+            @instance[:aws_image_id] = @text
+          when 'dnsName' then
+            @instance[:dns_name] = @text
+          when 'privateDnsName' then
+            @instance[:private_dns_name] = @text
+          when 'reason' then
+            @instance[:aws_reason] = @text
+          when 'keyName' then
+            @instance[:ssh_key_name] = @text
+          when 'amiLaunchIndex' then
+            @instance[:ami_launch_index] = @text
+          when 'code' then
+            @instance[:aws_state_code] = @text
+          when 'name' then
+            @instance[:aws_state] = @text
+          when 'productCode' then
+            @instance[:aws_product_codes] << @text
+          when 'instanceType' then
+            @instance[:aws_instance_type] = @text
+          when 'launchTime' then
+            @instance[:aws_launch_time] = @text
+          when 'kernelId' then
+            @instance[:aws_kernel_id] = @text
+          when 'ramdiskId' then
+            @instance[:aws_ramdisk_id] = @text
+          when 'platform' then
+            @instance[:aws_platform] = @text
+          when 'availabilityZone' then
+            @instance[:aws_availability_zone] = @text
+          when 'privateIpAddress' then
+            @instance[:aws_private_ip_address] = @text
+          when 'key' then
+            @tag_key = @text
+          when 'value' then
+            @tag_value = @text
+          when 'state'
+            if @xmlpath == 'DescribeInstancesResponse/reservationSet/item/instancesSet/item/monitoring' || # DescribeInstances property
+            @xmlpath == 'RunInstancesResponse/instancesSet/item/monitoring' # RunInstances property
+              @instance[:monitoring_state] = @text
+            end
+          when 'item'
+            if @xmlpath=='DescribeInstancesResponse/reservationSet/item/instancesSet/item/tagSet' # Tags
+              @instance[:tags][@tag_key] = @tag_value
+            elsif @xmlpath == 'DescribeInstancesResponse/reservationSet/item/instancesSet' || # DescribeInstances property
+            @xmlpath == 'RunInstancesResponse/instancesSet' # RunInstances property
+              @reservation[:instances_set] << @instance
+            elsif @xmlpath=='DescribeInstancesResponse/reservationSet' # DescribeInstances property
+              @result << @reservation
+            end
+          when 'RunInstancesResponse' then
+            @result << @reservation # RunInstances property
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2ConfirmProductInstanceParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        @result = @text if name == 'ownerId'
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2MonitorInstancesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @instance = {} if name == 'item'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @instance[:aws_instance_id] = @text
+          when 'state' then
+            @instance[:aws_monitoring_state] = @text
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @instance
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+
+    class QEc2TerminateInstancesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @instance = {} if name == 'item'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @instance[:aws_instance_id] = @text
+          when 'code'
+            if @xmlpath == 'TerminateInstancesResponse/instancesSet/item/shutdownState'
+              @instance[:aws_shutdown_state_code] = @text.to_i
+            else
+              @instance[:aws_prev_state_code] = @text.to_i
+            end
+          when 'name'
+            if @xmlpath == 'TerminateInstancesResponse/instancesSet/item/shutdownState'
+              @instance[:aws_shutdown_state] = @text
+            else
+              @instance[:aws_prev_state] = @text
+            end
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @instance
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Console
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2GetConsoleOutputParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @result[:aws_instance_id] = @text
+          when 'timestamp' then
+            @result[:aws_timestamp] = @text
+            @result[:timestamp]     = (Time.parse(@text)).utc
+          when 'output' then
+            @result[:aws_output] = Base64.decode64(@text)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = {}
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      Instances: Wondows related part
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    class QEc2DescribeBundleTasksParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @bundle = {} if name == 'item'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+#        when 'requestId'  then @bundle[:request_id]    = @text
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @bundle[:aws_instance_id] = @text
+          when 'bundleId' then
+            @bundle[:aws_id] = @text
+          when 'bucket' then
+            @bundle[:s3_bucket] = @text
+          when 'prefix' then
+            @bundle[:s3_prefix] = @text
+          when 'startTime' then
+            @bundle[:aws_start_time] = @text
+          when 'updateTime' then
+            @bundle[:aws_update_time] = @text
+          when 'state' then
+            @bundle[:aws_state] = @text
+          when 'progress' then
+            @bundle[:aws_progress] = @text
+          when 'code' then
+            @bundle[:aws_error_code] = @text
+          when 'message' then
+            @bundle[:aws_error_message] = @text
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @bundle
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2BundleInstanceParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+#        when 'requestId'  then @result[:request_id]    = @text
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @result[:aws_instance_id] = @text
+          when 'bundleId' then
+            @result[:aws_id] = @text
+          when 'bucket' then
+            @result[:s3_bucket] = @text
+          when 'prefix' then
+            @result[:s3_prefix] = @text
+          when 'startTime' then
+            @result[:aws_start_time] = @text
+          when 'updateTime' then
+            @result[:aws_update_time] = @text
+          when 'state' then
+            @result[:aws_state] = @text
+          when 'progress' then
+            @result[:aws_progress] = @text
+          when 'code' then
+            @result[:aws_error_code] = @text
+          when 'message' then
+            @result[:aws_error_message] = @text
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = {}
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Elastic IPs
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2AllocateAddressParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        @result = @text if name == 'publicIp'
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2DescribeAddressesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @address = {} if name == 'item'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @address[:instance_id] = @text.blank? ? nil : @text
+          when 'publicIp' then
+            @address[:public_ip] = @text
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @address
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: AvailabilityZones
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2DescribeAvailabilityZonesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @zone = {} if name == 'item'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'regionName' then
+            @zone[:region_name] = @text
+          when 'zoneName' then
+            @zone[:zone_name] = @text
+          when 'zoneState' then
+            @zone[:zone_state] = @text
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @zone
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Regions
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2DescribeRegionsParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        @result << @text if name == 'regionName'
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: EBS - Volumes
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2CreateVolumeParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'volumeId' then
+            @result[:aws_id] = @text
+          when 'status' then
+            @result[:aws_status] = @text
+          when 'createTime' then
+            @result[:aws_created_at] = Time.parse(@text)
+          when 'size' then
+            @result[:aws_size] = @text.to_i ###
+          when 'snapshotId' then
+            @result[:snapshot_id] = @text.blank? ? nil : @text ###
+          when 'availabilityZone' then
+            @result[:zone] = @text ###
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = {}
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2AttachAndDetachVolumeParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'volumeId' then
+            @result[:aws_id] = @text
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @result[:aws_instance_id] = @text
+          when 'device' then
+            @result[:aws_device] = @text
+          when 'status' then
+            @result[:aws_attachment_status] = @text
+          when 'attachTime' then
+            @result[:aws_attached_at] = Time.parse(@text)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = {}
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2DescribeVolumesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        case name
+          when 'item'
+            case @xmlpath
+              when 'DescribeVolumesResponse/volumeSet' then
+                @volume = {}
+            end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'volumeId'
+            case @xmlpath
+              when 'DescribeVolumesResponse/volumeSet/item' then
+                @volume[:aws_id] = @text
+            end
+          when 'status'
+            case @xmlpath
+              when 'DescribeVolumesResponse/volumeSet/item' then
+                @volume[:aws_status] = @text
+              when 'DescribeVolumesResponse/volumeSet/item/attachmentSet/item' then
+                @volume[:aws_attachment_status] = @text
+            end
+          when 'size' then
+            @volume[:aws_size] = @text.to_i
+          when 'createTime' then
+            @volume[:aws_created_at] = Time.parse(@text)
+          when 'instanceId' then
+            @volume[:aws_instance_id] = @text
+          when 'device' then
+            @volume[:aws_device] = @text
+          when 'attachTime' then
+            @volume[:aws_attached_at] = Time.parse(@text)
+          when 'snapshotId' then
+            @volume[:snapshot_id] = @text.blank? ? nil : @text
+          when 'availabilityZone' then
+            @volume[:zone] = @text
+          when 'item'
+            case @xmlpath
+              when 'DescribeVolumesResponse/volumeSet' then
+                @result << @volume
+            end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: EBS - Snapshots
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2DescribeSnapshotsParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @snapshot = {} if name == 'item'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'volumeId' then
+            @snapshot[:aws_volume_id] = @text
+          when 'snapshotId' then
+            @snapshot[:aws_id] = @text
+          when 'status' then
+            @snapshot[:aws_status] = @text
+          when 'startTime' then
+            @snapshot[:aws_started_at] = Time.parse(@text)
+          when 'progress' then
+            @snapshot[:aws_progress] = @text
+          when 'description' then
+            @snapshot[:aws_description] = @text
+          when 'ownerId' then
+            @snapshot[:aws_owner] = @text
+          when 'volumeSize' then
+            @snapshot[:aws_volume_size] = @text.to_i
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @snapshot
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+    class QEc2CreateSnapshotParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'volumeId' then
+            @result[:aws_volume_id] = @text
+          when 'snapshotId' then
+            @result[:aws_id] = @text
+          when 'status' then
+            @result[:aws_status] = @text
+          when 'startTime' then
+            @result[:aws_started_at] = Time.parse(@text)
+          when 'progress' then
+            @result[:aws_progress] = @text
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = {}
+      end
+    end
+
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+    #      PARSERS: Tags
+    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    class QEc2DescribeTagsParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
+      def tagstart(name, attributes)
+        @tag = {} if name == 'item'
+      end
+
+      def tagend(name)
+        case name
+          when 'resourceId' then
+            @tag[:aws_resource_id] = @text
+          when 'resourceType' then
+            @tag[:aws_resource_type] = @text
+          when 'key' then
+            @tag[:aws_key] = @text
+          when 'value' then
+            @tag[:aws_value] = @text
+          when 'item' then
+            @result << @tag
+        end
+      end
+
+      def reset
+        @result = []
+      end
+    end
+
+  end
+
+end
+
+