aws-sdk-s3 1.30.1 → 1.112.0

data/lib/aws-sdk-s3/encryptionV2/client.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,566 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'forwardable'
+
+module Aws
+  module S3
+
+    REQUIRED_PARAMS = [:key_wrap_schema, :content_encryption_schema, :security_profile]
+    SUPPORTED_SECURITY_PROFILES = [:v2, :v2_and_legacy]
+
+    # Provides an encryption client that encrypts and decrypts data client-side,
+    # storing the encrypted data in Amazon S3.  The `EncryptionV2::Client` (V2 Client)
+    # provides improved security over the `Encryption::Client` (V1 Client)
+    # by using more modern and secure algorithms. You can use the V2 Client
+    # to continue decrypting objects encrypted using deprecated algorithms
+    # by setting security_profile: :v2_and_legacy. The latest V1 Client also
+    # supports reading and decrypting objects encrypted by the V2 Client.
+    #
+    # This client uses a process called "envelope encryption". Your private
+    # encryption keys and your data's plain-text are **never** sent to
+    # Amazon S3. **If you lose you encryption keys, you will not be able to
+    # decrypt your data.**
+    #
+    # ## Envelope Encryption Overview
+    #
+    # The goal of envelope encryption is to combine the performance of
+    # fast symmetric encryption while maintaining the secure key management
+    # that asymmetric keys provide.
+    #
+    # A one-time-use symmetric key (envelope key) is generated client-side.
+    # This is used to encrypt the data client-side. This key is then
+    # encrypted by your master key and stored alongside your data in Amazon
+    # S3.
+    #
+    # When accessing your encrypted data with the encryption client,
+    # the encrypted envelope key is retrieved and decrypted client-side
+    # with your master key. The envelope key is then used to decrypt the
+    # data client-side.
+    #
+    # One of the benefits of envelope encryption is that if your master key
+    # is compromised, you have the option of just re-encrypting the stored
+    # envelope symmetric keys, instead of re-encrypting all of the
+    # data in your account.
+    #
+    # ## Basic Usage
+    #
+    # The encryption client requires an {Aws::S3::Client}. If you do not
+    # provide a `:client`, then a client will be constructed for you.
+    #
+    #     require 'openssl'
+    #     key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(1024)
+    #
+    #     # encryption client
+    #     s3 = Aws::S3::EncryptionV2::Client.new(
+    #       encryption_key: key,
+    #       key_wrap_schema: :rsa_oaep_sha1, # the key_wrap_schema must be rsa_oaep_sha1 for asymmetric keys
+    #       content_encryption_schema: :aes_gcm_no_padding,
+    #       security_profile: :v2 # use :v2_and_legacy to allow reading/decrypting objects encrypted by the V1 encryption client
+    #     )
+    #
+    #     # round-trip an object, encrypted/decrypted locally
+    #     s3.put_object(bucket:'aws-sdk', key:'secret', body:'handshake')
+    #     s3.get_object(bucket:'aws-sdk', key:'secret').body.read
+    #     #=> 'handshake'
+    #
+    #     # reading encrypted object without the encryption client
+    #     # results in the getting the cipher text
+    #     Aws::S3::Client.new.get_object(bucket:'aws-sdk', key:'secret').body.read
+    #     #=> "... cipher text ..."
+    #
+    # ## Required Configuration
+    #
+    # You must configure all of the following:
+    #
+    # * a key or key provider - See the Keys section below. The key provided determines
+    #   the key wrapping schema(s) supported for both encryption and decryption.
+    # * `key_wrap_schema` - The key wrapping schema. It must match the type of key configured.
+    # * `content_encryption_schema` - The only supported value currently is `:aes_gcm_no_padding`.
+    #    More options will be added in future releases.
+    # * `security_profile` - Determines the support for reading objects written
+    #    using older key wrap or content encryption schemas. If you need to read
+    #    legacy objects encrypted by an existing V1 Client, then set this to `:v2_and_legacy`.
+    #    Otherwise, set it to `:v2`
+    #
+    # ## Keys
+    #
+    # For client-side encryption to work, you must provide one of the following:
+    #
+    # * An encryption key
+    # * A {KeyProvider}
+    # * A KMS encryption key id
+    #
+    # Additionally, the key wrapping schema must agree with the type of the key:
+    # * :aes_gcm: An AES encryption key or a key provider.
+    # * :rsa_oaep_sha1: An RSA encryption key or key provider.
+    # * :kms_context: A KMS encryption key id
+    #
+    # ### An Encryption Key
+    #
+    # You can pass a single encryption key. This is used as a master key
+    # encrypting and decrypting all object keys.
+    #
+    #     key = OpenSSL::Cipher.new("AES-256-ECB").random_key # symmetric key - used with `key_wrap_schema: :aes_gcm`
+    #     key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(1024) # asymmetric key pair - used with `key_wrap_schema: :rsa_oaep_sha1`
+    #
+    #     s3 = Aws::S3::EncryptionV2::Client.new(
+    #       encryption_key: key,
+    #       key_wrap_schema: :aes_gcm, # or :rsa_oaep_sha1 if using RSA
+    #       content_encryption_schema: :aes_gcm_no_padding,
+    #       security_profile: :v2
+    #     )
+    #
+    # ### Key Provider
+    #
+    # Alternatively, you can use a {KeyProvider}. A key provider makes
+    # it easy to work with multiple keys and simplifies key rotation.
+    #
+    # ### KMS Encryption Key Id
+    #
+    # If you pass the id of an AWS Key Management Service (KMS) key and
+    # use :kms_content for the key_wrap_schema, then KMS will be used to
+    # generate, encrypt and decrypt object keys.
+    #
+    #     # keep track of the kms key id
+    #     kms = Aws::KMS::Client.new
+    #     key_id = kms.create_key.key_metadata.key_id
+    #
+    #     Aws::S3::EncryptionV2::Client.new(
+    #       kms_key_id: key_id,
+    #       kms_client: kms,
+    #       key_wrap_schema: :kms_context,
+    #       content_encryption_schema: :aes_gcm_no_padding,
+    #       security_profile: :v2
+    #     )
+    #
+    # ## Custom Key Providers
+    #
+    # A {KeyProvider} is any object that responds to:
+    #
+    # * `#encryption_materials`
+    # * `#key_for(materials_description)`
+    #
+    # Here is a trivial implementation of an in-memory key provider.
+    # This is provided as a demonstration of the key provider interface,
+    # and should not be used in production:
+    #
+    #     class KeyProvider
+    #
+    #       def initialize(default_key_name, keys)
+    #         @keys = keys
+    #         @encryption_materials = Aws::S3::EncryptionV2::Materials.new(
+    #           key: @keys[default_key_name],
+    #           description: JSON.dump(key: default_key_name),
+    #         )
+    #       end
+    #
+    #       attr_reader :encryption_materials
+    #
+    #       def key_for(matdesc)
+    #         key_name = JSON.parse(matdesc)['key']
+    #         if key = @keys[key_name]
+    #           key
+    #         else
+    #           raise "encryption key not found for: #{matdesc.inspect}"
+    #         end
+    #       end
+    #     end
+    #
+    # Given the above key provider, you can create an encryption client that
+    # chooses the key to use based on the materials description stored with
+    # the encrypted object. This makes it possible to use multiple keys
+    # and simplifies key rotation.
+    #
+    #     # uses "new-key" for encrypting objects, uses either for decrypting
+    #     keys = KeyProvider.new('new-key', {
+    #       "old-key" => Base64.decode64("kM5UVbhE/4rtMZJfsadYEdm2vaKFsmV2f5+URSeUCV4="),
+    #       "new-key" => Base64.decode64("w1WLio3agRWRTSJK/Ouh8NHoqRQ6fn5WbSXDTHjXMSo="),
+    #     }),
+    #
+    #     # chooses the key based on the materials description stored
+    #     # with the encrypted object
+    #     s3 = Aws::S3::EncryptionV2::Client.new(
+    #       key_provider: keys,
+    #       key_wrap_schema: ...,
+    #       content_encryption_schema: :aes_gcm_no_padding,
+    #       security_profile: :v2
+    #     )
+    #
+    # ## Materials Description
+    #
+    # A materials description is JSON document string that is stored
+    # in the metadata (or instruction file) of an encrypted object.
+    # The {DefaultKeyProvider} uses the empty JSON document `"{}"`.
+    #
+    # When building a key provider, you are free to store whatever
+    # information you need to identify the master key that was used
+    # to encrypt the object.
+    #
+    # ## Envelope Location
+    #
+    # By default, the encryption client store the encryption envelope
+    # with the object, as metadata. You can choose to have the envelope
+    # stored in a separate "instruction file". An instruction file
+    # is an object, with the key of the encrypted object, suffixed with
+    # `".instruction"`.
+    #
+    # Specify the `:envelope_location` option as `:instruction_file` to
+    # use an instruction file for storing the envelope.
+    #
+    #     # default behavior
+    #     s3 = Aws::S3::EncryptionV2::Client.new(
+    #       key_provider: ...,
+    #       envelope_location: :metadata,
+    #     )
+    #
+    #     # store envelope in a separate object
+    #     s3 = Aws::S3::EncryptionV2::Client.new(
+    #       key_provider: ...,
+    #       envelope_location: :instruction_file,
+    #       instruction_file_suffix: '.instruction' # default
+    #       key_wrap_schema: ...,
+    #       content_encryption_schema: :aes_gcm_no_padding,
+    #       security_profile: :v2
+    #     )
+    #
+    # When using an instruction file, multiple requests are made when
+    # putting and getting the object. **This may cause issues if you are
+    # issuing concurrent PUT and GET requests to an encrypted object.**
+    #
+    module EncryptionV2
+      class Client
+
+        extend Deprecations
+        extend Forwardable
+        def_delegators :@client, :config, :delete_object, :head_object, :build_request
+
+        # Creates a new encryption client. You must configure all of the following:
+        #
+        # * a key or key provider - The key provided also determines the key wrapping
+        #   schema(s) supported for both encryption and decryption.
+        # * `key_wrap_schema` - The key wrapping schema. It must match the type of key configured.
+        # * `content_encryption_schema` - The only supported value currently is `:aes_gcm_no_padding`
+        #    More options will be added in future releases.
+        # * `security_profile` - Determines the support for reading objects written
+        #    using older key wrap or content encryption schemas. If you need to read
+        #    legacy objects encrypted by an existing V1 Client, then set this to `:v2_and_legacy`.
+        #    Otherwise, set it to `:v2`
+        #
+        # To configure the key you must provide one of the following set of options:
+        #
+        # * `:encryption_key`
+        # * `:kms_key_id`
+        # * `:key_provider`
+        #
+        # You may also pass any other options accepted by `Client#initialize`.
+        #
+        # @option options [S3::Client] :client A basic S3 client that is used
+        #   to make api calls. If a `:client` is not provided, a new {S3::Client}
+        #   will be constructed.
+        #
+        # @option options [OpenSSL::PKey::RSA, String] :encryption_key The master
+        #   key to use for encrypting/decrypting all objects.
+        #
+        # @option options [String] :kms_key_id When you provide a `:kms_key_id`,
+        #   then AWS Key Management Service (KMS) will be used to manage the
+        #   object encryption keys. By default a {KMS::Client} will be
+        #   constructed for KMS API calls. Alternatively, you can provide
+        #   your own via `:kms_client`. To only support decryption/reads, you may
+        #   provide `:allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk` which will use
+        #   the implicit CMK associated with the data during reads but will
+        #   not allow you to encrypt/write objects with this client.
+        #
+        # @option options [#key_for] :key_provider Any object that responds
+        #   to `#key_for`. This method should accept a materials description
+        #   JSON document string and return return an encryption key.
+        #
+        # @option options [required, Symbol] :key_wrap_schema The Key wrapping
+        #   schema to be used. It must match the type of key configured.
+        #   Must be one of the following:
+        #
+        #   * :kms_context  (Must provide kms_key_id)
+        #   * :aes_gcm (Must provide an AES (string) key)
+        #   * :rsa_oaep_sha1 (Must provide an RSA key)
+        #
+        # @option options [required, Symbol] :content_encryption_schema
+        #   Must be one of the following:
+        #
+        #   * :aes_gcm_no_padding
+        #
+        # @option options [Required, Symbol] :security_profile
+        #   Determines the support for reading objects written using older
+        #   key wrap or content encryption schemas.
+        #   Must be one of the following:
+        #
+        #   * :v2 - Reads of legacy (v1) objects are NOT allowed
+        #   * :v2_and_legacy - Enables reading of legacy (V1) schemas.
+        #
+        # @option options [Symbol] :envelope_location (:metadata) Where to
+        #   store the envelope encryption keys. By default, the envelope is
+        #   stored with the encrypted object. If you pass `:instruction_file`,
+        #   then the envelope is stored in a separate object in Amazon S3.
+        #
+        # @option options [String] :instruction_file_suffix ('.instruction')
+        #   When `:envelope_location` is `:instruction_file` then the
+        #   instruction file uses the object key with this suffix appended.
+        #
+        # @option options [KMS::Client] :kms_client A default {KMS::Client}
+        #   is constructed when using KMS to manage encryption keys.
+        #
+        def initialize(options = {})
+          validate_params(options)
+          @client = extract_client(options)
+          @cipher_provider = cipher_provider(options)
+          @envelope_location = extract_location(options)
+          @instruction_file_suffix = extract_suffix(options)
+          @kms_allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk =
+            options[:kms_key_id] == :kms_allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk
+          @security_profile = extract_security_profile(options)
+        end
+
+        # @return [S3::Client]
+        attr_reader :client
+
+        # @return [KeyProvider, nil] Returns `nil` if you are using
+        #   AWS Key Management Service (KMS).
+        attr_reader :key_provider
+
+        # @return [Symbol] Determines the support for reading objects written
+        #   using older key wrap or content encryption schemas.
+        attr_reader :security_profile
+
+        # @return [Boolean] If true the provided KMS key_id will not be used
+        #   during decrypt, allowing decryption with the key_id from the object.
+        attr_reader :kms_allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk
+
+        # @return [Symbol<:metadata, :instruction_file>]
+        attr_reader :envelope_location
+
+        # @return [String] When {#envelope_location} is `:instruction_file`,
+        #   the envelope is stored in the object with the object key suffixed
+        #   by this string.
+        attr_reader :instruction_file_suffix
+
+        # Uploads an object to Amazon S3, encrypting data client-side.
+        # See {S3::Client#put_object} for documentation on accepted
+        # request parameters.
+        # @option params [Hash] :kms_encryption_context Additional encryption
+        #   context to use with KMS.  Applies only when KMS is used. In order
+        #   to decrypt the object you will need to provide the identical
+        #   :kms_encryption_context to `get_object`.
+        # @option (see S3::Client#put_object)
+        # @return (see S3::Client#put_object)
+        # @see S3::Client#put_object
+        def put_object(params = {})
+          kms_encryption_context = params.delete(:kms_encryption_context)
+          req = @client.build_request(:put_object, params)
+          req.handlers.add(EncryptHandler, priority: 95)
+          req.context[:encryption] = {
+            cipher_provider: @cipher_provider,
+            envelope_location: @envelope_location,
+            instruction_file_suffix: @instruction_file_suffix,
+            kms_encryption_context: kms_encryption_context
+          }
+          req.send_request
+        end
+
+        # Gets an object from Amazon S3, decrypting data locally.
+        # See {S3::Client#get_object} for documentation on accepted
+        # request parameters.
+        # Warning: If you provide a block to get_object or set the request
+        # parameter :response_target to a Proc, then read the entire object to the
+        # end before you start using the decrypted data. This is to verify that
+        # the object has not been modified since it was encrypted.
+        #
+        # @option options [Symbol] :security_profile
+        #   Determines the support for reading objects written using older
+        #   key wrap or content encryption schemas. Overrides the value set
+        #   on client construction if provided.
+        #   Must be one of the following:
+        #
+        #   * :v2 - Reads of legacy (v1) objects are NOT allowed
+        #   * :v2_and_legacy - Enables reading of legacy (V1) schemas.
+        # @option params [String] :instruction_file_suffix The suffix
+        #   used to find the instruction file containing the encryption
+        #   envelope. You should not set this option when the envelope
+        #   is stored in the object metadata. Defaults to
+        #   {#instruction_file_suffix}.
+        # @option params [Hash] :kms_encryption_context Additional encryption
+        #   context to use with KMS.  Applies only when KMS is used.
+        # @option options [Boolean] :kms_allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk (false)
+        #   By default the KMS CMK ID (kms_key_id) will be used during decrypt
+        #   and will fail if there is a mismatch.  Setting this to true
+        #   will use the implicit CMK associated with the data.
+        # @option (see S3::Client#get_object)
+        # @return (see S3::Client#get_object)
+        # @see S3::Client#get_object
+        # @note The `:range` request parameter is not supported.
+        def get_object(params = {}, &block)
+          if params[:range]
+            raise NotImplementedError, '#get_object with :range not supported'
+          end
+          envelope_location, instruction_file_suffix = envelope_options(params)
+          kms_encryption_context = params.delete(:kms_encryption_context)
+          kms_any_cmk_mode = kms_any_cmk_mode(params)
+          security_profile = security_profile_from_params(params)
+
+          req = @client.build_request(:get_object, params)
+          req.handlers.add(DecryptHandler)
+          req.context[:encryption] = {
+            cipher_provider: @cipher_provider,
+            envelope_location: envelope_location,
+            instruction_file_suffix: instruction_file_suffix,
+            kms_encryption_context: kms_encryption_context,
+            kms_allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk: kms_any_cmk_mode,
+            security_profile: security_profile
+          }
+          req.send_request(target: block)
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        # Validate required parameters exist and don't conflict.
+        # The cek_alg and wrap_alg are passed on to the CipherProviders
+        # and further validated there
+        def validate_params(options)
+          unless (missing_params = REQUIRED_PARAMS - options.keys).empty?
+            raise ArgumentError, "Missing required parameter(s): "\
+              "#{missing_params.map{ |s| ":#{s}" }.join(', ')}"
+          end
+
+          wrap_alg = options[:key_wrap_schema]
+
+          # validate that the wrap alg matches the type of key given
+          case wrap_alg
+          when :kms_context
+            unless options[:kms_key_id]
+              raise ArgumentError, 'You must provide :kms_key_id to use :kms_context'
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        def extract_client(options)
+          options[:client] || begin
+            options = options.dup
+            options.delete(:kms_key_id)
+            options.delete(:kms_client)
+            options.delete(:key_provider)
+            options.delete(:encryption_key)
+            options.delete(:envelope_location)
+            options.delete(:instruction_file_suffix)
+            REQUIRED_PARAMS.each { |p| options.delete(p) }
+            S3::Client.new(options)
+          end
+        end
+
+        def kms_client(options)
+          options[:kms_client] || begin
+            KMS::Client.new(
+              region: @client.config.region,
+              credentials: @client.config.credentials,
+              )
+          end
+        end
+
+        def cipher_provider(options)
+          if options[:kms_key_id]
+            KmsCipherProvider.new(
+              kms_key_id: options[:kms_key_id],
+              kms_client: kms_client(options),
+              key_wrap_schema: options[:key_wrap_schema],
+              content_encryption_schema: options[:content_encryption_schema]
+            )
+          else
+            @key_provider = extract_key_provider(options)
+            DefaultCipherProvider.new(
+              key_provider: @key_provider,
+              key_wrap_schema: options[:key_wrap_schema],
+              content_encryption_schema: options[:content_encryption_schema]
+            )
+          end
+        end
+
+        def extract_key_provider(options)
+          if options[:key_provider]
+            options[:key_provider]
+          elsif options[:encryption_key]
+            DefaultKeyProvider.new(options)
+          else
+            msg = 'you must pass a :kms_key_id, :key_provider, or :encryption_key'
+            raise ArgumentError, msg
+          end
+        end
+
+        def envelope_options(params)
+          location = params.delete(:envelope_location) || @envelope_location
+          suffix = params.delete(:instruction_file_suffix)
+          if suffix
+            [:instruction_file, suffix]
+          else
+            [location, @instruction_file_suffix]
+          end
+        end
+
+        def extract_location(options)
+          location = options[:envelope_location] || :metadata
+          if [:metadata, :instruction_file].include?(location)
+            location
+          else
+            msg = ':envelope_location must be :metadata or :instruction_file '\
+                  "got #{location.inspect}"
+            raise ArgumentError, msg
+          end
+        end
+
+        def extract_suffix(options)
+          suffix = options[:instruction_file_suffix] || '.instruction'
+          if suffix.is_a? String
+            suffix
+          else
+            msg = ':instruction_file_suffix must be a String'
+            raise ArgumentError, msg
+          end
+        end
+
+        def kms_any_cmk_mode(params)
+          if !params[:kms_allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk].nil?
+            params.delete(:kms_allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk)
+          else
+            @kms_allow_decrypt_with_any_cmk
+          end
+        end
+
+        def extract_security_profile(options)
+          validate_security_profile(options[:security_profile])
+        end
+
+        def security_profile_from_params(params)
+          security_profile =
+            if !params[:security_profile].nil?
+              params.delete(:security_profile)
+            else
+              @security_profile
+            end
+          validate_security_profile(security_profile)
+        end
+
+        def validate_security_profile(security_profile)
+          unless SUPPORTED_SECURITY_PROFILES.include? security_profile
+            raise ArgumentError, "Unsupported security profile: :#{security_profile}. " \
+            "Please provide one of: #{SUPPORTED_SECURITY_PROFILES.map { |s| ":#{s}" }.join(', ')}"
+          end
+          if security_profile == :v2_and_legacy && !@warned_about_legacy
+            @warned_about_legacy = true
+            warn(
+              'The S3 Encryption Client is configured to read encrypted objects ' \
+              "with legacy encryption modes. If you don't have objects " \
+              'encrypted with these legacy modes, you should disable support ' \
+              'for them to enhance security.'
+            )
+          end
+          security_profile
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end