awetestlib 0.0.3-x86-mingw32 → 0.1.0-x86-mingw32

data/.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Auto detect text files and perform LF normalization
+* text=auto
+
+# Custom for Visual Studio
+*.cs     diff=csharp
+*.sln    merge=union
+*.csproj merge=union
+*.vbproj merge=union
+*.fsproj merge=union
+*.dbproj merge=union
+
+# Standard to msysgit
+*.doc	 diff=astextplain
+*.DOC	 diff=astextplain
+*.docx diff=astextplain
+*.DOCX diff=astextplain
+*.dot  diff=astextplain
+*.DOT  diff=astextplain
+*.pdf  diff=astextplain
+*.PDF	 diff=astextplain
+*.rtf	 diff=astextplain
+*.RTF	 diff=astextplain

data/.gitignore

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-sinatra.pid
-shamisen-*.gem
-vendor/cache/*
+awetestlib*.gem
+*.csv
 
 # gVim tmp files
 *~

data/ext/Rakefile

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+task :default

data/lib/regression/browser.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1259 @@
+module Browser
+
+  def run
+    setup
+    set_script_variables
+    run_test
+  rescue
+    fatal_to_log("(#{__LINE__})  #{$!}")
+    browser.close
+    raise
+  end
+
+=begin rdoc
+  :category: A_rdoc_test
+Opens a browser and returns a reference to it. If *url* is specified the browser is
+opened to that url, otherwise it is opened to a bland page
+
+_Parameters_::
+
+*url* - a string containing the full url. Optional.
+
+_Example_
+
+  browser = open_browser('www.google.com')
+
+=end
+
+  def open_browser(url = nil)
+    debug_to_log("Opening browser: #{@targetBrowser.name}")
+    debug_to_log("#{__method__}: [#{get_caller_line}] #{get_callers}")
+    case @targetBrowser.abbrev
+      when 'IE'
+        @myBrowser = open_ie
+        @myHwnd    = @myBrowser.hwnd
+      #@waiter    = Watir::Waiter.new(WAIT)
+      when 'FF'
+        #version    = "11"
+        #@myBrowser = open_ff_for_version(version)
+        @myBrowser = open_ff_for_version
+      when 'S'
+        debug_to_log("Opening browser: #{@targetBrowser.name} legacy.rb:#{__LINE__}")
+        aBrowser = Watir::Safari.new
+        debug_to_log("Browser instantiated")
+        @myBrowser = aBrowser
+      #require 'shamisen/awetest_legacy/safari_waiter'
+      #@waiter    = Watir::Waiter
+      when 'C', 'GC'
+        @myBrowser = open_chrome
+      ##require 'shamisen/awetest_legacy/webdriver_waiter'
+      #require 'shamisen/support/webdriver_ext/browser'
+      #@waiter    = Watir::Waiter
+
+      else
+        raise "Unsupported browser: #{@targetBrowser.name}"
+    end
+    get_browser_version(@myBrowser)
+    if url
+      go_to_url(@myBrowser, url)
+    end
+    @myBrowser
+  end
+
+  def open_ie(process = true)
+    check_for_and_clear_other_browsers
+    Watir::Browser.default = 'ie'
+    #if process && !IS_WIN_2008
+    #  browser = Watir::IE.new_process
+    #else
+    browser                = Watir::IE.new
+    #end
+    browser
+  end
+
+  def open_ff_for_version(version = @targetVersion)
+    if version.to_f < 4.0
+      browser = open_ff
+      #waiter  = Watir::Waiter.new(WAIT)
+    else
+      browser = Watir::Browser.new(:firefox)
+      #require 'shamisen/awetest_legacy/webdriver_waiter'
+      #waiter = Watir::Waiter
+    end
+    browser
+  end
+
+  def open_ff
+    Watir::Browser.default = 'firefox'
+    browser                = Watir::Browser.new
+  end
+
+  def open_chrome
+    browser = Watir::Browser.new(:chrome)
+  end
+
+  def go_to_url(browser, url = nil, redirect = nil)
+    if url
+      @myURL = url
+    end
+    message_tolog("URL: #{@myURL}")
+    browser.goto(@myURL)
+    if validate(browser, @myName, __LINE__)
+#      TODO .url method returns blank in Firewatir
+      if redirect
+        passed_to_log("Redirected to url '#{browser.url}'.")
+        true
+      elsif browser.url =~ /#{@myURL}/i # or @browserAbbrev == 'FF'
+        passed_to_log("Navigated to url '#{@myURL}'.")
+        true
+      else
+        failed_to_log("Navigated to url '#{browser.url}' but expected '#{@myURL}'.")
+      end
+    end
+  rescue
+    fatal_to_log("Unable to navigate to '#{@myURL}': '#{$!}'")
+  end
+
+  def token_auth(browser, role, token, id = 'token_pass')
+    set_textfield_by_id(browser, id, token)
+    click_button_by_value(browser, 'Continue')
+    if validate_text(browser, 'The requested page requires authentication\.\s*Please enter your Passcode below', nil, true)
+      bail_out(browser, __LINE__, "Token authorization failed on '#{token}'")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def bail_out(browser, lnbr, msg)
+    ts  = Time.new
+    msg = "Bailing out at util line #{lnbr} #{ts} " + msg
+    puts "#{msg}"
+    fatal_to_log(msg, nil, 1, lnbr)
+    debug_to_log(dump_caller(lnbr))
+    if is_browser?(browser)
+      if @browserAbbrev == 'IE'
+        hwnd = browser.hwnd
+        kill_browser(hwnd, lnbr, browser)
+        raise(RuntimeError, msg, caller)
+      elsif @browserAbbrev == 'FF'
+        debug_to_log("#{browser.inspect}")
+        debug_to_log("#{browser.to_s}")
+        raise(RuntimeError, msg, caller)
+      end
+    end
+    @status = 'bailout'
+    raise(RuntimeError, msg, caller)
+  end
+
+  def do_taskkill(severity, pid)
+    if pid and pid > 0 and pid < 538976288
+      info_to_log("Executing taskkill for pid #{pid}")
+      log_message(severity, %x[taskkill /t /f /pid #{pid}])
+    end
+  rescue
+    error_to_log("#{$!}  (#{__LINE__})")
+  end
+
+  def check_for_other_browsers
+    cnt1 = find_other_browsers
+    cnt2 = Watir::Process.count 'iexplore.exe'
+    debug_to_log("check_for_other_browsers: cnt1: #{cnt1} cnt2: #{cnt2}")
+  rescue
+    error_to_log("#{$!}  (#{__LINE__})\n#{Kernel.caller.to_yaml}")
+  end
+
+  def check_for_and_clear_other_browsers
+    if @targetBrowser.abbrev == 'IE'
+      debug_to_log("#{__method__}:")
+      cnt1 = find_other_browsers
+      cnt2 = Watir::IE.process_count
+      debug_to_log("#{__method__}: cnt1: #{cnt1} cnt2: #{cnt2}")
+      begin
+        Watir::IE.each do |ie|
+          pid = Watir::IE::Process.process_id_from_hwnd(ie.hwnd)
+          debug_to_log("#{__method__}: Killing browser process: hwnd #{ie.hwnd} pid #{pid} title '#{ie.title}' (#{__LINE__})")
+          do_taskkill(INFO, pid)
+          sleep_for(10)
+        end
+          #Watir::IE.close_all()
+      rescue
+        debug_to_log("#{__method__}: #{$!}  (#{__LINE__})")
+      end
+      sleep(3)
+      cnt1 = find_other_browsers
+      cnt2 = Watir::IE.process_count
+      if cnt1 > 0 or cnt2 > 0
+        debug_to_log("#{__method__}:cnt1: #{cnt1} cnt2: #{cnt2}")
+        begin
+          Watir::IE.each do |ie|
+            pid = Watir::IE::Process.process_id_from_hwnd(ie.hwnd)
+            debug_to_log("#{__method__}: Killing browser process: hwnd #{ie.hwnd} pid #{pid} title '#{ie.title}' (#{__LINE__})")
+            do_taskkill(INFO, pid)
+            sleep_for(10)
+          end
+            #Watir::IE.close_all()
+        rescue
+          debug_to_log("#{__method__}:#{$!}  (#{__LINE__})")
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  rescue
+    error_to_log("#{__method__}: #{$!}  (#{__LINE__})\n#{Kernel.caller.to_yaml}")
+  end
+
+  def kill_browser(hwnd, lnbr, browser = nil, doflag = false)
+    # TODO Firefox
+    logit = false
+    if @browserAbbrev == 'FF'
+      if is_browser?(browser) # and browser.url.length > 1
+        logit = true
+        here  = __LINE__
+        url   = browser.url
+        capture_screen(browser, Time.new.to_f) if @screenCaptureOn
+        browser.close if url.length > 0
+        @status = 'killbrowser'
+        fatal_to_log("Kill browser called from line #{lnbr}")
+      end
+    elsif hwnd
+      pid = Watir::IE::Process.process_id_from_hwnd(hwnd)
+      if pid and pid > 0 and pid < 538976288
+        if browser.exists?
+          here  = __LINE__
+          logit = true
+          url   = browser.url
+          capture_screen(browser, Time.new.to_f) if @screenCaptureOn
+          browser.close
+          sleep(2)
+          if browser.exists?
+            do_taskkill(FATAL, pid)
+          end
+          @status = 'killbrowser'
+        end
+      end
+      if logit
+         debug_to_log("#{@browserName} window hwnd #{hwnd} pid #{pid} #{url} (#{here})")
+         fatal_to_log("Kill browser called from line #{lnbr}")
+       end
+     end
+   end
+
+=begin rdoc
+  :category: A_rdoc_test
+
+Returns a reference to a browser window.  Used to attach a browser window to a variable
+which can then be passed to methods that require a *browser* parameter.
+
+_Parameters_::
+
+*browser* - a reference to the browser window to be tested
+
+*how* - the browser attribute used to identify the window:  either :url or :title
+
+*what* - a string or a regular expression in the url or title
+
+*desc* - a string containing a message or description intended to appear in the log and/or report output
+
+
+*_Example_*
+
+  mainwindow = open_browser('www.myapp.com')  # open a browser to www.google.com
+  click(mainwindow, :button, :id, 'an id string')  # click a button that opens another browser window
+  popup = attach_browser(mainwindow, :url, '[url of new window]')   #*or*
+  popup = attach_browser(mainwindow, :title, '[title of new window]')
+
+=end
+
+  def attach_browser(browser, how, what, desc = '')
+    debug_to_log("Attaching browser window :#{how}=>'#{what}' #{desc}")
+    uri_decoded_pattern = URI.encode(what.to_s.gsub('(?-mix:', '').gsub(')', ''))
+    case @browserAbbrev
+      when 'IE'
+        tmpbrowser      = Watir::IE.attach(how, what)
+        browser.visible = true
+        if tmpbrowser
+          tmpbrowser.visible = true
+          tmpbrowser.speed   = :fast
+        else
+          raise "Browser window :#{how}=>'#{what}' has at least one doc not in completed ready state."
+        end
+      when 'FF'
+        #TODO: This may be dependent on Firefox version if webdriver doesn't support 3.6.17 and below
+        browser.driver.switch_to.window(browser.driver.window_handles[0])
+        browser.window(how, /#{uri_decoded_pattern}/).use
+        tmpbrowser = browser
+      when 'S'
+        Watir::Safari.attach(how, what)
+        tmpbrowser = browser
+      when 'C'
+        browser.window(how, /#{uri_decoded_pattern}/).use
+        tmpbrowser = browser
+    end
+    debug_to_log("#{__method__}: tmpbrowser:#{tmpbrowser.inspect}")
+    tmpbrowser
+  end
+
+=begin rdoc
+  :category: A_rdoc_test
+Returns a reference to a browser window using the window's url. Calls attach_browser().
+
+_Parameters_::
+
+*browser* - a reference to the browser window to be tested
+
+*pattern* - a string with the complete url or a regular expression containing part of the url
+that uniquely identifies it in the context of the test.
+
+*desc* - a string containing a message or description intended to appear in the log and/or report output
+
+
+_Example_
+
+  mainwindow = open_browser('www.myapp.com')  # open a browser to www.google.com
+  click(mainwindow, :button, :id, 'an id string')  # click a button that opens another browser window
+  popup = attach_browser_by_url(mainwindow, '[url of new window]')
+
+=end
+
+  def attach_browser_by_url(browser, pattern, desc = '')
+    attach_browser(browser, :url, pattern, desc)
+  end
+
+  alias attach_browser_with_url attach_browser_by_url
+
+=begin rdoc
+  :category: A_rdoc_test
+Returns a reference to a new browser window.  Used to attach a new browser window to a variable
+which can then be passed to methods that require a *browser* parameter. Calls attach_browser().
+
+_Parameters_::
+
+*browser* - a reference to the browser window to be tested
+
+*how* - the browser attribute used to identify the window:  either :url or :title
+
+*what* - a string or a regular expression in the url or title
+
+*desc* - a string containing a message or description intended to appear in the log and/or report output
+
+
+_Example_
+
+  mainwindow = open_browser('www.myapp.com')  # open a browser to www.google.com
+  click(mainwindow, :button, :id, 'an id string')  # click a button that opens another browser window
+  popup = attach_popup(mainwindow, :url, '[url of new window]') *or*
+  popup = attach_popup(mainwindow, :title, '[title of new window]')
+
+=end
+  def attach_popup(browser, how, what, desc = '')
+    msg   = "Attach popup :#{how}=>'#{what}'. #{desc}"
+    popup = attach_browser(browser, how, what, desc)
+    sleep_for(1)
+    debug_to_log("#{popup.inspect}")
+    if is_browser?(popup)
+      title = popup.title
+      passed_to_log("#{msg} title='#{title}'")
+      return popup
+    else
+      failed_to_log(msg)
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Unable to attach popup :#{how}=>'#{what}'. #{desc} '#{$!}' (#{__LINE__})")
+  end
+
+  def attach_popup_by_title(browser, strg, desc = '')
+    attach_popup(browser, :title, strg, desc)
+  end
+
+  def attach_popup_by_url(browser, pattern, desc = '')
+    attach_popup(browser, :url, pattern, desc)
+  end
+
+  alias get_popup_with_url attach_popup_by_url
+  alias attach_popup_with_url attach_popup_by_url
+  alias attach_iepopup attach_popup_by_url
+
+  def find_other_browsers
+    cnt = 0
+    if @targetBrowser.abbrev == 'IE'
+      Watir::IE.each do |ie|
+        debug_to_log("#{ie.inspect}")
+        ie.close()
+        cnt = cnt + 1
+      end
+    end
+    debug_to_log("Found #{cnt} IE browser(s).")
+    return cnt
+  rescue
+    error_to_log("#{$!}  (#{__LINE__})\n#{Kernel.caller.to_yaml}", __LINE__)
+    return 0
+  end
+
+  def close_window_by_title(browser, title, desc = '', text = '')
+    msg = "Window '#{title}':"
+    if @ai.WinWait(title, text, WAIT) > 0
+      passed_to_log("#{msg} appeared. #{desc}")
+      myHandle  = @ai.WinGetHandle(title, text)
+      full_text = @ai.WinGetText(title)
+      debug_to_log("#{msg} hwnd: #{myHandle.inspect}")
+      debug_to_log("#{msg} title: '#{title}' text: '#{full_text}'")
+      if @ai.WinClose(title, text) > 0
+        passed_to_log("#{msg} closed successfully. #{desc}")
+      else
+        failed_to_log("#{msg} close failed. (#{__LINE__}) #{desc}")
+      end
+    else
+      failed_to_log("#{msg} did not appear after #{WAIT} seconds. (#{__LINE__}) #{desc}")
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("#{msg}: Unable to close: '#{$!}'. (#{__LINE__}) #{desc}")
+  end
+
+=begin rdoc
+:category: Basic
+:tags:logon, login, user, password, url
+TODO: Needs to be more flexible about finding login id and password textfields
+TODO: Parameterize url and remove references to environment
+=end
+  def login(browser, user, password)
+    myURL  = @myAppEnv.url
+    runenv = @myAppEnv.nodename
+    message_tolog("URL: #{myURL}")
+    message_tolog("Beginning login: User: #{user} Environment: #{runenv}")
+    if validate(browser, @myName, __LINE__)
+      browser.goto(myURL)
+      if validate(browser, @myName)
+        set_textfield_by_name(browser, 'loginId', user)
+        set_textfield_by_name(browser, 'password', password)
+        click_button_by_value(browser, 'Login')
+        if validate(browser, @myName)
+          passed_to_log("Login successful.")
+        end
+      else
+        failed_to_log("Unable to login to application: '#{$!}'")
+        #          screen_capture( "#{@myRoot}/screens/#{myName}_#{@runid}_#{__LINE__.to_s}_#{Time.new.to_f.to_s}.jpg")
+      end
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Unable to login to application: '#{$!}'")
+  end
+
+=begin rdoc
+category: Logon
+:tags:logon, login, user, password, url, basic authorization
+=end
+  def basic_auth(browser, user, pswd, url, bypass_validate = false)
+    mark_testlevel("Basic Authorization Login", 0)
+
+    message_to_report ("Login:    #{user}")
+    message_to_report ("URL:      #{url}")
+    message_to_report ("Password: #{pswd}")
+
+    @login_title = "Connect to"
+
+    a = Thread.new {
+      browser.goto(url)
+    }
+
+    sleep_for(2)
+    message_to_log("#{@login_title}...")
+
+    if (@ai.WinWait(@login_title, "", 90) > 0)
+      win_title = @ai.WinGetTitle(@login_title)
+      debug_to_log("Basic Auth Login window appeared: '#{win_title}'")
+      @ai.WinActivate(@login_title)
+      @ai.ControlSend(@login_title, '', "[CLASS:Edit; INSTANCE:2]", '!u')
+      @ai.ControlSend(@login_title, '', "[CLASS:Edit; INSTANCE:2]", user, 1)
+      @ai.ControlSend(@login_title, '', "[CLASS:Edit; INSTANCE:3]", pswd.gsub(/!/, '{!}'), 1)
+      @ai.ControlClick(@login_title, "", '[CLASS:Button; INSTANCE:1]')
+    else
+      debug_to_log("Basic Auth Login window did not appear.")
+    end
+    a.join
+
+    validate(browser, @myName) unless bypass_validate
+
+    message_to_report("URL: [#{browser.url}] User: [#{user}]")
+
+  end
+
+  def logout(browser, where = @myName, lnbr = __LINE__)
+    #TODO Firewatir 1.6.5 does not implement .exists for FireWatir::Firefox class
+    debug_to_log("Logging out in #{where} at line #{lnbr}.", lnbr, true)
+    debug_to_log("#{__method__}: browser: #{browser.inspect} (#{__LINE__})")
+
+    if ['FF', 'S'].include?(@browserAbbrev) || browser.exists?
+      case @browserAbbrev
+        when 'FF'
+          if is_browser?(browser)
+            url   = browser.url
+            title = browser.title
+            debug_to_log("#{__method__}: Firefox browser url: [#{url}]")
+            debug_to_log("#{__method__}: Firefox browser title: [#{title}]")
+            debug_to_log("#{__method__}: Closing browser: #{where} (#{lnbr})")
+            if url and url.length > 1
+              browser.close
+            else
+              browser = FireWatir::Firefox.attach(:title, title)
+              browser.close
+            end
+
+          end
+        when 'IE'
+          hwnd = browser.hwnd
+          pid  = Watir::IE::Process.process_id_from_hwnd(hwnd)
+          debug_to_log("#{__method__}: Closing browser: hwnd #{hwnd} pid #{pid} #{where} (#{lnbr}) (#{__LINE__})")
+          browser.close
+          if browser.exists? and pid > 0 and pid < 538976288 # value of uninitialized memory location
+            debug_to_log("Retry close browser: hwnd #{hwnd} pid #{pid} #{where} #{lnbr} (#{__LINE__})")
+            browser.close
+          end
+          if browser.exists? and pid > 0 and pid < 538976288 # value of uninitialized memory location
+            kill_browser(browser.hwnd, __LINE__, browser, true)
+          end
+        when 'S'
+          if is_browser?(browser)
+            url   = browser.url
+            title = browser.title
+            debug_to_log("Safari browser url: [#{url}]")
+            debug_to_log("Safari browser title: [#{title}]")
+            debug_to_log("Closing browser: #{where} (#{lnbr})")
+            close_modal_s # to close any leftover modal dialogs
+            browser.close
+          end
+        when 'C'
+          if is_browser?(browser)
+            url   = browser.url
+            title = browser.title
+            debug_to_log("Chrome browser url: [#{url}]")
+            debug_to_log("Chrome browser title: [#{title}]")
+            debug_to_log("Closing browser: #{where} (#{lnbr})")
+            if url and url.length > 1
+              browser.close
+              #else
+              #browser = FireWatir::Firefox.attach(:title, title)
+              #browser.close
+            end
+
+          end
+        else
+          raise "Unsupported browser: '#{@browserAbbrev}'"
+      end
+    end
+    #  rescue => e
+    #    if not e.is_a?(Vapir::WindowGoneException)
+    #      raise e
+    #    end
+  end
+
+  #close popup in new window
+  def close_new_window_popup(popup)
+    if is_browser?(popup)
+      url = popup.url
+      debug_to_log("Closing popup '#{url}' ")
+      popup.close
+
+    end
+  end
+
+  def close_panel_by_text(browser, panel, strg = 'Close')
+    if validate(browser, @myName, __LINE__)
+      if @browserAbbrev == 'IE'
+        panel.link(:text, strg).click!
+      elsif $USE_FIREWATIR
+        begin
+          panel.link(:text, strg).click
+        rescue => e
+          if not rescue_me(e, __method__, "link(:text,'#{strg}').click", "#{panel.class}")
+            raise e
+          end
+        end
+      else
+        panel.link(:text, strg).click(:wait => false)
+      end
+      sleep_for(1)
+      if validate(browser, @myName, __LINE__)
+        passed_to_log("Panel '#{strg}' (by :text) closed.")
+        true
+      end
+    else
+      failed_to_log("Panel '#{strg}' (by :text) still open.")
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Click on '#{strg}'(by :text) failed: '#{$!}' (#{__LINE__})")
+  end
+
+  #  def close_modal_ie(title="", button="OK", text='', side = 'primary', wait = WAIT)
+  def close_popup(title, button = "OK", text = '', side = 'primary', wait = WAIT, desc = '', quiet = false)
+    #TODO needs simplifying and debug code cleaned up
+    title = translate_popup_title(title)
+    msg   = "'#{title}'"
+    msg << " with text '#{text}'" if text.length > 0
+    msg << " (#{desc})" if desc.length > 0
+    @ai.Opt("WinSearchChildren", 1) # Match any substring in the title
+    if @ai.WinWait(title, text, wait) > 0
+      myHandle  = @ai.WinGetHandle(title, text)
+      full_text = @ai.WinGetText(title)
+      #debug_to_report("Found popup handle:'#{myHandle}', title:'#{title}', text:'#{full_text}'")
+      if myHandle.length > 0
+        debug_to_log("hwnd: #{myHandle.inspect}")
+        passed_to_log("#{msg} appeared.") unless quiet
+        sleep_for(0.5)
+        @ai.WinActivate(title, text)
+        if @ai.WinActive(title, text) #  > 0   #Hack to prevent fail when windows session locked
+          debug_to_log("#{msg} activated.")
+          if @ai.ControlFocus(title, text, button) #  > 0
+            controlHandle = @ai.ControlGetHandle(title, '', "[CLASS:Button; TEXT:#{button}]")
+            if not controlHandle
+              button        = "&#{button}"
+              controlHandle = @ai.ControlGetHandle(title, '', "[CLASS:Button; TEXT:#{button}]")
+            end
+            debug_to_log("Handle for button '#{button}': [#{controlHandle}]")
+            debug_to_log("#{msg} focus gained.")
+            #              sleep_for(2)
+            if @ai.ControlClick(title, text, button, side) # > 0
+                                                           #            if @ai.ControlClick(title, text, "[Handle:#{controlHandle}]", side) > 0
+                                                           #                debug_to_log("#{msg} #{side} click on 'Handle:#{controlHandle}'." )
+              debug_to_log("#{msg} #{side} click on '#{button}' successful.")
+              sleep_for(1)
+              if @ai.WinExists(title, text) > 0
+                debug_to_log("#{msg} close popup failed on click '#{button}'. Trying WinClose. (#{__LINE__})")
+                @ai.WinClose(title, text)
+                if @ai.WinExists(title, text) > 0
+                  debug_to_log("#{msg} close popup failed with WinClose('#{title}','#{text}'). (#{__LINE__})")
+                  @ai.WinKill(title, text)
+                  if @ai.WinExists(title, text) > 0
+                    debug_to_log("#{msg} close popup failed with WinKill('#{title}','#{text}'). (#{__LINE__})")
+                  else
+                    debug_to_log("#{msg} closed successfully with WinKill('#{title}','#{text}').")
+                  end
+                else
+                  debug_to_log("#{msg} closed successfully with WinClose('#{title}','#{text}').")
+                end
+              else
+                passed_to_log("#{msg} closed successfully.") unless quiet
+              end
+            else
+              failed_to_log("#{msg} #{side} click on '#{button}' failed. (#{__LINE__})")
+            end
+          else
+            failed_to_log("#{msg} Unable to gain focus on button (#{__LINE__})")
+          end
+        else
+          failed_to_log("#{msg} Unable to activate (#{__LINE__})")
+        end
+      else
+        failed_to_log("#{msg} did not appear after #{wait} seconds. (#{__LINE__})")
+      end
+    else
+      failed_to_log("#{msg} did not appear after #{wait} seconds. (#{__LINE__})")
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Close popup title=#{title} failed: '#{$!}' (#{__LINE__})")
+  end
+
+  alias close_popup_validate_text close_popup
+
+  def close_popup_by_text(popup, strg = 'Close', desc = '')
+    count = 0
+    url   = popup.url
+    if validate(popup, @myName, __LINE__)
+      count = string_count_in_string(popup.text, strg)
+      if count > 0
+        #        @waiter.wait_until( browser.link(:text, strg).exists? ) if @waiter
+        begin
+          popup.link(:text, strg).click
+        rescue => e
+          if not rescue_me(e, __method__, "link(:text,'#{strg}')", "#{popup.class}")
+            raise e
+          end
+        end
+        passed_to_log("Popup #{url} closed by clicking link with text '#{strg}'. #{desc}")
+        true
+      else
+        failed_to_log("Link :text=>'#{strg}' for popup #{url} not found. #{desc}")
+      end
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Close popup #{url} with click link :text+>'#{strg}' failed: '#{$!}' (#{__LINE__})")
+    debug_to_log("#{strg} appears #{count} times in popup.text.")
+    raise
+  end
+
+  #  #close a modal dialog
+  def close_modal(browser, title="", button="OK", text='', side = 'primary', wait = WAIT)
+    case @targetBrowser.abbrev
+      when 'IE'
+        close_modal_ie(browser, title, button, text, side, wait)
+      when 'FF'
+        close_modal_ff(browser, title, button, text, side)
+      when 'S'
+        close_modal_s
+      when 'C', 'GC'
+        close_modal_c(browser, title)
+    end
+  end
+
+# TODO: Logging
+  def close_modal_c(browser, title)
+    browser.window(:url, title).close
+  end
+
+# TODO: Logging
+  def close_modal_s
+    # simply closes the frontmost Safari dialog
+    Appscript.app("Safari").activate; Appscript.app("System Events").processes["Safari"].key_code(52)
+  end
+
+  def close_modal_ie(browser, title="", button="OK", text='', side = 'primary', wait = WAIT, desc = '', quiet = false)
+    #TODO needs simplifying, incorporating text verification, and debug code cleaned up
+    title = translate_popup_title(title)
+    msg   = "Modal window (popup) '#{title}'"
+    if @ai.WinWait(title, text, wait)
+      myHandle = @ai.WinGetHandle(title, text)
+      if myHandle.length > 0
+        debug_to_log("hwnd: #{myHandle.inspect}")
+        passed_to_log("#{msg} appeared.") unless quiet
+        window_handle = "[HANDLE:#{myHandle}]"
+        sleep_for(0.5)
+        @ai.WinActivate(window_handle)
+        if @ai.WinActive(window_handle)
+          debug_to_log("#{msg} activated.")
+          controlHandle = @ai.ControlGetHandle(title, '', "[CLASS:Button; TEXT:#{button}]")
+          if not controlHandle.length > 0
+            button        = "&#{button}"
+            controlHandle = @ai.ControlGetHandle(title, '', "[CLASS:Button; TEXT:#{button}]")
+          end
+          debug_to_log("Handle for button '#{button}': [#{controlHandle}]")
+          debug_to_log("#{msg} focus gained.")
+          if @ai.ControlClick(title, '', "[CLASS:Button; TEXT:#{button}]")
+            passed_to_log("#{msg} #{side} click on '[CLASS:Button; TEXT:#{button}]' successful.")
+            sleep_for(0.5)
+            if @ai.WinExists(window_handle)
+              debug_to_log("#{msg} close popup failed on click '#{button}'. Trying WinClose. (#{__LINE__})")
+              @ai.WinClose(title, text)
+              if @ai.WinExists(window_handle)
+                debug_to_log("#{msg} close popup failed with WinClose(#{window_handle}). (#{__LINE__})")
+                @ai.WinKill(window_handle)
+                if @ai.WinExists(window_handle)
+                  debug_to_log("#{msg} close popup failed with WinKill(#{window_handle}). (#{__LINE__})")
+                else
+                  debug_to_log("#{msg} closed successfully with WinKill(#{window_handle}).")
+                end
+              else
+                debug_to_log("#{msg} closed successfully with WinClose(#{window_handle}).")
+              end
+            else
+              passed_to_log("#{msg} closed successfully.")
+            end
+          else
+            failed_to_log("#{msg} #{side} click on '[CLASS:Button; TEXT:#{button}]' failed. (#{window_handle}) (#{__LINE__})")
+          end
+        else
+          failed_to_log("#{msg} Unable to activate (#{window_handle}) (#{__LINE__})")
+        end
+      else
+        failed_to_log("#{msg} did not appear after #{wait} seconds. (#{window_handle}) (#{__LINE__})")
+      end
+    else
+      failed_to_log("#{msg} did not appear after #{wait} seconds.(#{window_handle}) (#{__LINE__})")
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Close popup title=#{title} failed: '#{$!}' (#{__LINE__})")
+  end
+
+  #  private :close_modal_ie
+
+  def close_modal_ff(browser, title="", button=nil, text="", side='')
+    title = translate_popup_title(title)
+    msg   = "Modal dialog (popup): title=#{title} button='#{button}' text='#{text}' side='#{side}':"
+    modal = browser.modal_dialog(:timeout => WAIT)
+    if modal.exists?
+      modal_text = modal.text
+      if text.length > 0
+        if modal_text =~ /#{text}/
+          passed_to_log("#{msg} appeared with match on '#{text}'.")
+        else
+          failed_to_log("#{msg} appeared but did not match '#{text}' ('#{modal_text}).")
+        end
+      else
+        passed_to_log("#{msg} appeared.")
+      end
+      if button
+        modal.click_button(button)
+      else
+        modal.close
+      end
+      if modal.exists?
+        failed_to_log("#{msg} close failed. (#{__LINE__})")
+      else
+        passed_to_log("#{msg} closed successfully.")
+      end
+    else
+      failed_to_log("#{msg} did not appear after #{WAIT} seconds. (#{__LINE__})")
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("#{msg} Unable to validate modal popup: '#{$!}'. (#{__LINE__})")
+  end
+
+  def handle_popup(title, text = '', button= 'OK', side = 'primary', wait = WAIT, desc = '')
+    title = translate_popup_title(title)
+    msg   = "'#{title}'"
+    if text.length > 0
+      msg << " with text '#{text}'"
+    end
+    @ai.Opt("WinSearchChildren", 1) # match title from start, forcing default
+
+    if button and button.length > 0
+      if button =~ /ok|yes/i
+        id = '1'
+      else
+        id = '2'
+      end
+    else
+      id = ''
+    end
+
+    if @ai.WinWait(title, '', wait) > 0
+      myHandle      = @ai.WinGetHandle(title, '')
+      window_handle = "[HANDLE:#{myHandle}]"
+      full_text     = @ai.WinGetText(window_handle)
+      debug_to_log("Found popup handle:'#{myHandle}', title:'#{title}', text:'#{full_text}'")
+
+      controlHandle = @ai.ControlGetHandle(window_handle, '', "[CLASS:Button; TEXT:#{button}]")
+      if not controlHandle
+#        button        = "&#{button}"
+        controlHandle = @ai.ControlGetHandle(window_handle, '', "[CLASS:Button; TEXT:&#{button}]")
+      end
+
+      if text.length > 0
+        if full_text =~ /#{text}/
+          passed_to_log("Found popup handle:'#{myHandle}', title:'#{title}', text includes '#{text}'. #{desc}")
+        else
+          failed_to_log("Found popup handle:'#{myHandle}', title:'#{title}', text does not include '#{text}'. Closing it. #{desc}")
+        end
+      end
+
+      @ai.WinActivate(window_handle, '')
+      @ai.ControlClick(window_handle, '', id, side)
+      if @ai.WinExists(title, '') > 0
+        debug_to_log("#{msg} @ai.ControlClick on '#{button}' (ID:#{id}) with handle '#{window_handle}' failed to close window. Trying title.")
+        @ai.ControlClick(title, '', id, side)
+        if @ai.WinExists(title, '') > 0
+          debug_to_report("#{msg} @ai.ControlClick on '#{button}' (ID:#{id}) with title '#{title}' failed to close window.  Forcing closed.")
+          @ai.WinClose(title, '')
+          if @ai.WinExists(title, '') > 0
+            debug_to_report("#{msg} @ai.WinClose on title '#{title}' failed to close window.  Killing window.")
+            @ai.WinKill(title, '')
+            if @ai.WinExists(title, '') > 0
+              failed_to_log("#{msg} @ai.WinKill on title '#{title}' failed to close window")
+            else
+              passed_to_log("Killed: popup handle:'#{myHandle}', title:'#{title}'. #{desc}")
+              true
+            end
+          else
+            passed_to_log("Forced closed: popup handle:'#{myHandle}', title:'#{title}'. #{desc}")
+            true
+          end
+        else
+          passed_to_log("Closed on '#{button}': popup handle:'#{myHandle}', title:'#{title}'. #{desc}")
+          true
+        end
+      else
+        passed_to_log("Closed on '#{button}': popup handle:'#{myHandle}', title:'#{title}'. #{desc}")
+        true
+      end
+
+    else
+      failed_to_log("#{msg} did not appear after #{wait} seconds. #{desc} (#{__LINE__})")
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Unable to handle popup #{msg}: '#{$!}' #{desc} (#{__LINE__})")
+
+  end
+
+  def find_popup(browser, how, what, desc = '')
+    msg   = "Find popup :#{how}=>'#{what}'. #{desc}"
+    popup = Watir::IE.find(how, what) # TODO: too browser specific
+    sleep_for(1)
+    debug_to_log("#{popup.inspect}")
+    if is_browser?(popup)
+#      title = popup.title
+      passed_to_log(msg)
+      return popup
+    else
+      failed_to_log(msg)
+    end
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Unable to find popup :#{how}=>'#{what}'. #{desc} '#{$!}' (#{__LINE__})")
+  end
+
+  def is_browser?(browser)
+    myClass = browser.class.to_s
+    case @targetBrowser.abbrev
+      when 'IE'
+        myClass =~ /Watir::/i # TODO: should this be /Watir::IE/i ?
+      when 'FF'
+        if @version.to_f < 4.0
+          myClass =~ /FireWatir::/i
+        else
+          myClass =~ /Watir::Browser/i
+        end
+      when 'S'
+        myClass =~ /Watir::Safari/i
+      when 'C'
+        myClass =~ /Watir::Browser/i
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias is_browser is_browser?
+
+  def translate_popup_title(title)
+    new_title = title
+    case @browserAbbrev
+      when 'IE'
+        if @browserVersion
+          case @browserVersion
+            when '8.0'
+              case title
+                when "Microsoft Internet Explorer"
+                  new_title = "Message from webpage"
+                when "The page at"
+                  new_title = "Message from webpage"
+              end
+            when '7.0'
+              case title
+                when "Message from webpage"
+                  new_title = "Microsoft Internet Explorer"
+                when "The page at"
+                  new_title = "Windows Internet Explorer"
+              end
+            when '6.0'
+              case title
+                when "Message from webpage"
+                  new_title = "Microsoft Internet Explorer"
+                when "The page at"
+                  new_title = "Microsoft Internet Explorer"
+              end
+            else
+              case title
+                when "Microsoft Internet Explorer"
+                  new_title = "Message from webpage"
+                when "The page at"
+                  new_title = "Message from webpage"
+              end
+          end
+        else
+          case title
+            when "Microsoft Internet Explorer"
+              new_title = "Message from webpage"
+            when "The page at"
+              new_title = "Message from webpage"
+          end
+        end
+      when 'FF'
+        case title
+          when 'File Download'
+            new_title = 'Opening'
+          when "Microsoft Internet Explorer"
+            new_title = 'The page at'
+          when "Message from webpage"
+            new_title = 'The page at'
+        end
+      when 'C'
+        case title
+          when 'File Download'
+            new_title = 'Save As'
+          when "Microsoft Internet Explorer"
+            new_title = 'The page at'
+          when "Message from webpage"
+            new_title = 'The page at'
+        end
+    end
+    new_title
+  end
+
+  def get_browser_version(browser)
+    debug_to_log("starting get_browser_version")
+    case @targetBrowser.abbrev
+      when 'IE'
+        @browserAbbrev  = 'IE'
+        @browserName    = 'Internet Explorer'
+        @browserAppInfo = browser.document.invoke('parentWindow').navigator.appVersion
+        @browserAppInfo =~ /MSIE\s(.*?);/
+        @browserVersion = $1
+      when 'FF'
+        #@browserAbbrev = 'FF'
+        #@browserName   = 'Firefox'
+        #js_stuff       = <<-end_js_stuff
+        #var info = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/xre/app-info;1"]
+        #.getService(Components.interfaces.nsIXULAppInfo);
+        #[info, info.name, info.version];
+        #end_js_stuff
+        #js_stuff.gsub!("\n", " ")
+        #info = browser.execute_script(js_stuff)
+        #info, aName, @browserVersion = info.split(',')
+        #debug_to_log("FF info: [#{info}]")
+        #debug_to_log("FF name: [#{aName}]")
+        #debug_to_log("FF vrsn: [#{@browserVersion}]")
+        @browserAbbrev  = 'FF'
+        @browserName    = 'Firefox'
+        @browserVersion = '6.01' #TODO: get actual version from browser
+        debug_to_log("Firefox, in get_browser_version (#{@browserVersion})")
+      when 'S'
+        @browserAbbrev  = 'S'
+        @browserName    = 'Safari'
+        @browserVersion = '5.0.4' #TODO: get actual version from browser itself
+        debug_to_log("Safari, in get_browser_version (#{@browserVersion})")
+      when 'C'
+        @browserAbbrev  = 'C'
+        @browserName    = 'Chrome'
+        @browserVersion = '11.0' #TODO: get actual version from browser
+        debug_to_log("Chrome, in get_browser_version (#{@browserVersion})")
+    end
+      # if [notify_queue, notify_class, notify_id].all?
+      #  Resque::Job.create(notify_queue, notify_class, :id => notify_id, :browser_used => "#{@browserName} #{@browserVersion}")
+      #end
+  rescue
+    debug_to_log("Unable to determine #{@browserAbbrev} browser version: '#{$!}' (#{__LINE__})")
+
+      # TODO: can we get rid of this?
+      # js for getting firefox version information
+      #      function getAppID() {
+      #        var id;
+      #        if("@mozilla.org/xre/app-info;1" in Components.classes) {
+      #          // running under Mozilla 1.8 or later
+      #          id = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/xre/app-info;1"]
+      #                         .getService(Components.interfaces.nsIXULAppInfo).ID;
+      #        } else {
+      #          try {
+      #            id = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/preferences-service;1"]
+      #                           .getService(Components.interfaces.nsIPrefBranch)
+      #                           .getCharPref("app.id");
+      #          } catch(e) {
+      #            // very old version
+      #            dump(e);
+      #          }
+      #        }
+      #        return id;
+      #      }
+      #      alert(getAppID());
+      # another snippet that shows getting attributes from object
+      #      var info = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/xre/app-info;1"]
+      #                 .getService(Components.interfaces.nsIXULAppInfo);
+      #      // Get the name of the application running us
+      #      info.name; // Returns "Firefox" for Firefox
+      #      info.version; // Returns "2.0.0.1" for Firefox version 2.0.0.1
+  ensure
+    message_to_log("Browser: [#{@browserAbbrev} #{@browserVersion}]")
+  end
+
+  protected :get_browser_version
+
+  def close_popup_by_button_title(popup, strg, desc = '')
+    click(popup, :link, :title, strg, desc)
+  end
+
+  def filter_bailout_from_rescue(err, msg)
+    if msg =~ /bailing out/i
+      raise err
+    else
+      error_to_log(msg)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def open_popup_through_link_title(browser, title, pattern, name)
+    click_title(browser, title)
+    #TODO need some kind of wait for process here
+    sleep_for 2
+    attach_iepopup(browser, pattern, name)
+  rescue
+    failed_to_log("Unable to open popup '#{name}': '#{$!}' (#{__LINE__})")
+  end
+
+=begin rdoc
+Verifies health of the browser. Looks for common http and system errors that are unrecoverable and
+attempts to gracefully bail out of the script.  Calls rescue_me() when trying to capture the text to filter out
+known false errors and handle container elements that don't respond to the .text method.
+category: bullet-proofing
+tags: system, http, fatal, error
+example: See click()
+related methods: rescue_me()
+=end
+  def validate(browser, fileName = '', lnbr = __LINE__, dbg = false)
+    debug_to_log("#{__method__} begin") if dbg
+    msg  = ''
+    myOK = true
+    if not browser
+      msg  = "#{fileName}----browser is nil object. (#{lnbr})"
+      myOK = false
+    elsif not is_browser?(browser)
+      msg = "#{fileName}----not a browser. (#{lnbr})"
+      debug_to_log(browser.inspect)
+      myOK = false
+
+    else
+      if browser.respond_to?(:url)
+        if not browser.url == @currentURL
+          @currentURL = browser.url
+          debug_to_log("Current URL: [#{@currentURL}]")
+          #        mark_testlevel( "Current URL: [#{@currentURL}]", 1 )
+        end
+      end
+
+      if @capture_js_errors
+        if browser.respond_to?(:status)
+          if browser.status.downcase =~ /errors? on page/ and
+              not browser.status.downcase.include?('Waiting for')
+            capture_js_error(browser)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      begin
+        browser_text = browser.text.downcase
+      rescue => e
+        if not rescue_me(e, __method__, "browser.text.downcase", "#{browser.class}", browser)
+          debug_to_log("browser.text.downcase in #{__method__} #{browser.class}")
+          debug_to_log("#{get_callers}")
+          raise e
+        else
+          return true
+        end
+      end
+
+      if browser_text
+        if browser_text.match(/unrecognized error condition has occurred/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Unrecognized Exception occurred. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/cannot find server or dns error/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Cannot find server error or DNS error. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/the rpc server is unavailable/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----RPC server unavailable. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/404 not found/i) or
+            browser_text.match(/the page you were looking for does\s*n[o']t exist/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----RFC 2068 HTTP/1.1: 404 URI Not Found. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/we're sorry, but something went wrong/i) or
+            browser_text.match(/http status 500/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----RFC 2068 HTTP/1.1: 500 Internal Server Error. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/internet explorer cannot display the webpage/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Probably RFC 2068 HTTP/1.1: 500 Internal Server Error. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/503.*service unavailable/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----RFC 2068 HTTP/1.1: 503 Service Unavailable. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/java.lang.NullPointerException/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----java.lang.NullPointerException. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/due to unscheduled maintenance/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Due to unscheduled maintenance. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/network\s+error\s*(.+)$/i)
+          $1.chomp!
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Network Error #{$1}. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/warning: page has expired/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Page using information from form has expired. Not automatically resubmitted. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/no backend server available/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Cannot Reach Server (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/sign on\s+.+\s+unsuccessful/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Invalid Id or Password (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/you are not authorized/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Not authorized to view this page. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/too many incorrect login attempts have been made/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Invalid Id or Password. Too many tries. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/system error\.\s+an error has occurred/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----System Error. An error has occurred. Please try again or call the Help Line for assistance. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/Internal Server failure,\s+NSAPI plugin/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Internal Server failure, NSAPI plugin. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/Error Page/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Error Page. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/The website cannot display the page/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----HTTP 500. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+          #        elsif browser_text.match(/Insufficient Data/i)
+          #          msg  = "#{fileName}----Insufficient Data. (#{lnbr})"
+          #          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/The timeout period elapsed/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Time out period elapsed or server not responding. (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/Unexpected\s+errors*\s+occur+ed\.\s+(?:-+)\s+(.+)/i)
+          msg = "#{fileName}----Unexpected errors occurred. #{$2.slice(0, 120)} (#{lnbr})"
+          if not browser_text.match(/close the window and try again/i)
+            myOK = false
+          else
+            debug_to_log("#{msg}")
+          end
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/Server Error in (.+) Application\.\s+(?:-+)\s+(.+)/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Server Error in #{1} Application. #{$2.slice(0, 100)} (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/Server Error in (.+) Application\./i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----Server Error in #{1} Application. '#{browser_text.slice(0, 250)}...' (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        elsif browser_text.match(/An error has occur+ed\. Please contact support/i)
+          msg  = "#{fileName}----An error has occurred. Please contact support (#{lnbr})"
+          myOK = false
+
+        end
+      else
+        debug_to_log("browser.text returned nil")
+      end
+    end
+
+    if not myOK
+      msg << " (#{browser.url})"
+      puts msg
+      debug_to_log(browser.inspect)
+      debug_to_log(browser.text)
+      fatal_to_log(msg, lnbr)
+      raise(RuntimeError, msg, caller)
+    else
+      debug_to_log("#{__method__} returning OK") if dbg
+      return myOK
+    end
+
+  rescue
+    errmsg = $!
+    if errmsg.match(msg)
+      errmsg = ''
+    end
+    bail_out(browser, lnbr, "#{msg} #{errmsg}")
+  end
+
+  alias validate_browser validate
+
+
+end