atmospheric 0.1.0 → 0.2.0

data/lib/atmospheric/export/iso_25331975.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+module Atmospheric
+  module Export
+    module Iso25331975
+      class << self
+        def table_5
+          GroupOne.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_6
+          GroupTwo.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_7
+          GroupThree.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_5_yaml
+          GroupOne.new.to_yaml
+        end
+
+        def table_6_yaml
+          GroupTwo.new.to_yaml
+        end
+
+        def table_7_yaml
+          GroupThree.new.to_yaml
+        end
+      end
+
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+require_relative "iso_25331975/group_base"
+require_relative "iso_25331975/group_one"
+require_relative "iso_25331975/group_two"
+require_relative "iso_25331975/group_three"

data/lib/atmospheric/export/iso_25331997.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+require_relative "./target"
+
+module Atmospheric
+  module Export
+
+    module Iso25331997
+
+      module GroupBaseMeters
+        def steps
+          (-5000..2000).step(50)
+        end
+      end
+
+      class GroupOne < Iso25331975::GroupOne
+        include Iso25331997::GroupBaseMeters
+      end
+
+      class GroupTwo < Iso25331975::GroupTwo
+        include Iso25331997::GroupBaseMeters
+      end
+
+      class GroupThree < Iso25331975::GroupThree
+        include Iso25331997::GroupBaseMeters
+      end
+
+      module GroupBaseFeet
+        def steps
+          (
+            (-16500..-13999).step(250) +
+            (-14000..104999).step(200) +
+            (105000..262500).step(500)
+          )
+        end
+
+        def steps_unit
+          :feet
+        end
+      end
+
+      class GroupFour < Iso25331975::GroupOne
+        include Iso25331997::GroupBaseFeet
+      end
+
+      class GroupFive < Iso25331975::GroupTwo
+        include Iso25331997::GroupBaseFeet
+      end
+
+      class GroupSix < Iso25331975::GroupThree
+        include Iso25331997::GroupBaseFeet
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        def table_1
+          GroupOne.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_2
+          GroupTwo.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_3
+          GroupThree.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_4
+          GroupFour.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_5
+          GroupFive.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_6
+          GroupSix.new.to_h
+        end
+
+        def table_1_yaml
+          GroupOne.new.to_yaml
+        end
+
+        def table_2_yaml
+          GroupTwo.new.to_yaml
+        end
+
+        def table_3_yaml
+          GroupThree.new.to_yaml
+        end
+
+        def table_4_yaml
+          GroupFour.new.to_yaml
+        end
+
+        def table_5_yaml
+          GroupFive.new.to_yaml
+        end
+
+        def table_6_yaml
+          GroupSix.new.to_yaml
+        end
+      end
+
+    end
+
+  end
+end

data/lib/atmospheric/export/target.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+require "measured"
+require "yaml"
+
+module Atmospheric
+  module Export
+
+    module Target
+      def round_to_sig_figs(num, num_sig_figs)
+        num.round(num_sig_figs - Math.log10(num).ceil).to_f
+      end
+
+      def m_to_ft(meters)
+        Measured::Length.new(meters, "m").convert_to("ft").value.to_f
+      end
+
+      def ft_to_m(feet)
+        Measured::Length.new(feet, "ft").convert_to("m").value.to_f
+      end
+
+      def to_yaml
+        to_h
+          .to_yaml(indentation: 4)
+          .gsub("\n-   ", "\n\n  - ")
+          .gsub(/^(.*):\n/, "\n\\1:") # Make fancy
+      end
+
+      def to_file(hash = to_yaml)
+        File.write(filename, hash)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/atmospheric/export.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+module Atmospheric
+  module Export
+  end
+end
+
+require_relative "export/iso_25331975"
+require_relative "export/iso_25331997"
+require_relative "export/hypsometrical_tables"

data/lib/atmospheric/isa.rb

@@ -6,29 +6,46 @@ module Atmospheric
     # 2.1 Primary constants and characteristics
     # Table 1 - Main constants and characteristics adopted for
     #           the calculation of the ISO Standard Atmosphere
-    CONST = {
-      g_n: 9.80665, # m.s-2
-      N_A: 602.257e21, # Avogadro constant, mol-1
-      p_n: 101325, # In Pascal
-      rho_n: 1.225, # rho_n standard air density
-      T_n: 288.15, # T_n standard thermodynamic air temperature at mean sea level
-      R_star: 8.31432, # universal gas constant
-
-      radius: 6356766, # radius of the Earth (m)
-      k: 1.4 # adiabatic index, dimensionless
+    constants = {
+      # g_n gravitation at mean sea level (m.s-2)
+      g_n: 9.80665,
+
+      # Avogadro constant (mol-1)
+      N_A: 6.02257e+23,
+
+      # p_n pressure at mean sea level (Pa)
+      p_n: 101325,
+
+      # rho_n standard air density
+      rho_n: 1.225,
+
+      # T_n standard thermodynamic air temperature at mean sea level
+      T_n: 288.15,
+
+      # universal gas constant
+      R_star: 8.31432,
+
+      # radius of the Earth (m)
+      radius: 6356766,
+
+      # adiabatic index (dimensionless)
+      k: 1.4,
     }
 
     # 2.2 The equation of the static atmosphere and the perfect gas law
     # Formula (2)
     # M: air molar mass at sea level, kg.kmol-1
     # Value given in 2.1 as M: 28.964720
-    CONST[:M] = (CONST[:rho_n] * CONST[:R_star] * CONST[:T_n]) / CONST[:p_n]
+    constants[:M] =
+      (constants[:rho_n] * constants[:R_star] * constants[:T_n]) \
+        / constants[:p_n]
 
     # Formula (3)
     # R: specific gas constant, J.K-1.kg-1.
     # Value given in 2.1 as R: 287.05287
-    CONST[:R] = CONST[:R_star] / CONST[:M]
+    constants[:R] = constants[:R_star] / constants[:M]
 
+    CONST = constants.freeze
 
     class << self
       # 2.3 Geopotential and geometric altitides; acceleration of free fall
@@ -67,7 +84,7 @@ module Atmospheric
 
       # Formula (11)
       # T
-      def temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
         lower_layer_index = locate_lower_layer(geopotential_alt)
         lower_layer = TEMPERATURE_LAYERS[lower_layer_index]
         beta = lower_layer[:B]
@@ -78,7 +95,9 @@ module Atmospheric
       end
 
       def temperature_at_layer_celcius(geopotential_alt)
-        kelvin_to_celsius(temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt))
+        kelvin_to_celsius(
+          temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt),
+        )
       end
 
       def locate_lower_layer(geopotential_alt)
@@ -89,9 +108,9 @@ module Atmospheric
         i = TEMPERATURE_LAYERS.length - 1
         return i - 1 if geopotential_alt >= TEMPERATURE_LAYERS[i][:H]
 
-        # find last layer with H larger than our H
-        TEMPERATURE_LAYERS.each_with_index do |layer, i|
-          return i if layer[:H] > geopotential_alt
+        # find last layer with H smaller than our H
+        TEMPERATURE_LAYERS.each_with_index do |layer, ind|
+          return ind - 1 if layer[:H] > geopotential_alt
         end
 
         nil
@@ -108,38 +127,40 @@ module Atmospheric
         # [H: -5000, T: 320.65, B: -0.0065 ],
 
         # This line is from ISO 2533:1975
-        {H: -2000, T: 301.15, B: -0.0065 },
-        {H: 0,     T: 288.15, B: -0.0065 },
-        {H: 11000, T: 216.65, B: 0       },
-        {H: 20000, T: 216.65, B: 0.001   },
-        {H: 32000, T: 228.65, B: 0.0028  },
-        {H: 47000, T: 270.65, B: 0       },
-        {H: 51000, T: 270.65, B: -0.0028 },
-        {H: 71000, T: 214.65, B: -0.002  },
-        {H: 80000, T: 196.65},
-      ]
-
+        { H: -2000, T: 301.15, B: -0.0065 },
+        { H: 0,     T: 288.15, B: -0.0065 },
+        { H: 11000, T: 216.65, B: 0       },
+        { H: 20000, T: 216.65, B: 0.001   },
+        { H: 32000, T: 228.65, B: 0.0028  },
+        { H: 47000, T: 270.65, B: 0       },
+        { H: 51000, T: 270.65, B: -0.0028 },
+        { H: 71000, T: 214.65, B: -0.002  },
+        { H: 80000, T: 196.65 },
+      ].freeze
 
       # 2.7 Pressure
 
       # Base pressure values given defined `TEMPERATURE_LAYERS` and constants
+      # rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
+      # rubocop:disable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
+      # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
       def pressure_layers
         return @pressure_layers if @pressure_layers
 
-        # assuming TEMPERATURE_LAYERS index 1 base altitude is zero (mean sea level)
+        # assume TEMPERATURE_LAYERS index 1 base altitude is 0 (mean sea level)
         p = []
 
-        TEMPERATURE_LAYERS.each_with_index do |x, i|
-          last_i = (i == 0) ? 0 : i - 1
+        TEMPERATURE_LAYERS.each_with_index do |_x, i|
+          last_i = i.zero? ? 0 : i - 1
           last_layer = TEMPERATURE_LAYERS[last_i]
           beta = last_layer[:B]
 
           if last_layer[:H] <= 0
-            pb = CONST[:p_n]
+            p_b = CONST[:p_n]
             capital_h_b = 0
             capital_t_b = CONST[:T_n]
           else
-            pb = p[last_i]
+            p_b = p[last_i]
             capital_h_b = last_layer[:H]
             capital_t_b = last_layer[:T]
           end
@@ -147,18 +168,35 @@ module Atmospheric
           current_layer = TEMPERATURE_LAYERS[i]
           geopotential_alt = current_layer[:H]
           temp = current_layer[:T]
-
-          p[i] = if beta != 0
-            # Formula (12)
-            pb * (1 + ((beta / capital_t_b) * (geopotential_alt - capital_h_b))) ** (-CONST[:g_n] / (beta * CONST[:R]))
-          else
-            # Formula (13)
-            pb * Math.exp(-(CONST[:g_n] / (CONST[:R] * temp)) * (geopotential_alt - capital_h_b))
-          end
+          height_diff = geopotential_alt - capital_h_b
+
+          p_i = if beta != 0
+                  # Formula (12)
+                  pressure_formula_beta_nonzero(p_b, beta, capital_t_b,
+                                                height_diff)
+                else
+                  # Formula (13)
+                  pressure_formula_beta_zero(p_b, temp, height_diff)
+                end
+          p[i] = p_i
         end
 
         @pressure_layers = p
       end
+      # rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
+      # rubocop:enable Metrics/PerceivedComplexity
+      # rubocop:enable Metrics/MethodLength
+
+      # Formula (12)
+      def pressure_formula_beta_nonzero(p_b, beta, temp, height_diff)
+        p_b * (1 + ((beta / temp) * height_diff)) \
+          **(-CONST[:g_n] / (beta * CONST[:R]))
+      end
+
+      # Formula (13)
+      def pressure_formula_beta_zero(p_b, temp, height_diff)
+        p_b * Math.exp(-(CONST[:g_n] / (CONST[:R] * temp)) * height_diff)
+      end
 
       # puts "PRE-CALCULATED PRESSURE LAYERS:"
       # pp @pressure_layers
@@ -171,63 +209,66 @@ module Atmospheric
         pascal * 0.01
       end
 
+      # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
       # Pressure for a given geopotential altitude `H` (m) above mean sea level
-      def pressure_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def pressure_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
         i = locate_lower_layer(geopotential_alt)
         lower_temperature_layer = TEMPERATURE_LAYERS[i]
         beta = lower_temperature_layer[:B]
         capital_h_b = lower_temperature_layer[:H]
         capital_t_b = lower_temperature_layer[:T]
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        pb = pressure_layers[i]
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        p_b = pressure_layers[i]
+        height_diff = geopotential_alt - capital_h_b
 
         if beta != 0
           # Formula (12)
-          pb * (1 + ((beta / capital_t_b) * (geopotential_alt - capital_h_b))) ** (-CONST[:g_n] / (beta * CONST[:R]))
+          pressure_formula_beta_nonzero(p_b, beta, capital_t_b, height_diff)
         else
           # Formula (13)
-          pb * Math.exp(-(CONST[:g_n] / (CONST[:R] * temp)) * (geopotential_alt - capital_h_b))
+          pressure_formula_beta_zero(p_b, temp, height_diff)
         end
       end
+      # rubocop:enable Metrics/MethodLength
 
-      def pressure_from_H_mbar(geopotential_alt)
-        pa_to_mbar(pressure_from_H(geopotential_alt))
+      def pressure_from_geopotential_mbar(geopotential_alt)
+        pa_to_mbar(pressure_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt))
       end
 
-      def pressure_from_H_mmhg(geopotential_alt)
-        pa_to_mmhg(pressure_from_H(geopotential_alt))
+      def pressure_from_geopotential_mmhg(geopotential_alt)
+        pa_to_mmhg(pressure_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt))
       end
 
-      def p_p_n_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        pressure_from_H(geopotential_alt) / CONST[:p_n]
+      def p_p_n_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        pressure_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt) / CONST[:p_n]
       end
 
       # 2.8 Density and specific weight
 
-      # Calculate density for a given geopotential altitude `H` (m) above mean sea level
+      # Density for a given geopotential altitude `H` (m) above mean sea level
       # Formula (14)
       # rho
-      def density_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        p = pressure_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def density_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        p = pressure_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
 
         p / (CONST[:R] * temp)
       end
 
-      def rho_rho_n_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        density_from_H(geopotential_alt) / CONST[:rho_n]
+      def rho_rho_n_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        density_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt) / CONST[:rho_n]
       end
 
-      def root_rho_rho_n_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        Math.sqrt(rho_rho_n_from_H(geopotential_alt))
+      def root_rho_rho_n_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        Math.sqrt(rho_rho_n_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt))
       end
 
-
       # Specific weight
       # Formula (15)
       # gamma
-      def specific_weight_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        density_from_H(geopotential_alt) * gravity_at_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+      def specific_weight_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        density_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt) *
+          gravity_at_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
       end
 
       # 2.9 Pressure scale height
@@ -237,17 +278,17 @@ module Atmospheric
         (CONST[:R] * temp) / CONST[:g_n]
       end
 
-      def pressure_scale_height_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def pressure_scale_height_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
         (CONST[:R] * temp) / gravity_at_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
       end
 
       # 2.10 Air number density
       # Formula (17)
       # n
-      def air_number_density_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        p = pressure_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def air_number_density_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        p = pressure_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
 
         CONST[:N_A] * p / (CONST[:R_star] * temp)
       end
@@ -260,28 +301,31 @@ module Atmospheric
         1.595769 * Math.sqrt(CONST[:R] * temp)
       end
 
-      def mean_air_particle_speed_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def mean_air_particle_speed_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
         mean_air_particle_speed_from_temp(temp)
       end
 
       # 2.12 Mean free path of air particles
       # Formula (19)
       # l
-      def mean_free_path_of_air_particles_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        1 / (1.414213562 * 3.141592654 * (0.365e-9 ** 2) * air_number_density_from_H(geopotential_alt))
+      def mean_free_path_of_air_particles_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        1 / (1.414213562 * 3.141592654 * (3.65e-10**2) * \
+          air_number_density_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt))
       end
 
       # 2.13 Air-particle collision frequency
       # Formula (20)
       # omega
-      def air_particle_collision_frequency_from_temp(n, temp)
-        4 * (0.365e-9 ** 2) * ((3.141592654 / (CONST[:R_star] * CONST[:M])) ** 0.5) * n * CONST[:R_star] * (temp ** 0.5)
+      def air_particle_collision_frequency_from_temp(air_number_density, temp)
+        4 * (3.65e-10**2) *
+          ((3.141592654 / (CONST[:R_star] * CONST[:M]))**0.5) *
+          air_number_density * CONST[:R_star] * (temp**0.5)
       end
 
-      def air_particle_collision_frequency_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        n = air_number_density_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def air_particle_collision_frequency_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        n = air_number_density_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
         air_particle_collision_frequency_from_temp(n, temp)
       end
 
@@ -295,12 +339,11 @@ module Atmospheric
         Math.sqrt(kappa * CONST[:R] * temp)
       end
 
-      def speed_of_sound_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def speed_of_sound_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
         speed_of_sound_from_temp(temp)
       end
 
-
       # 2.15 Dynamic viscosity
       # Formula (22)
       # mu (Pa s)
@@ -309,11 +352,11 @@ module Atmospheric
         capital_b_s = 1.458e-6
         capital_s = 110.4
 
-        (capital_b_s * (temp ** (1.5))) / (temp + capital_s)
+        (capital_b_s * (temp**1.5)) / (temp + capital_s)
       end
 
-      def dynamic_viscosity_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def dynamic_viscosity_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
         dynamic_viscosity(temp)
       end
 
@@ -324,20 +367,20 @@ module Atmospheric
         dynamic_viscosity(temp) / CONST[:rho_n]
       end
 
-      def kinematic_viscosity_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        dynamic_viscosity(temp) / density_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def kinematic_viscosity_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        dynamic_viscosity(temp) / density_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
       end
 
       # 2.17 Thermal conductivity
       # Formula (24)
       # lambda
       def thermal_conductivity_from_temp(temp)
-        (2.648151e-3 * (temp ** (1.5))) / (temp + (245.4 * (10 ** (-12.0/temp))))
+        (2.648151e-3 * (temp**1.5)) / (temp + (245.4 * (10**(-12.0 / temp))))
       end
 
-      def thermal_conductivity_from_H(geopotential_alt)
-        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_H(geopotential_alt)
+      def thermal_conductivity_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
+        temp = temperature_at_layer_from_geopotential(geopotential_alt)
         thermal_conductivity_from_temp(temp)
       end
 
@@ -345,6 +388,40 @@ module Atmospheric
         kelvin - 273.15
       end
 
+      # ADD 1
+      # Formulae used in the calculation of the relationships
+      # between geopotential altitude and pressure
+      # rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
+      # rubocop:disable Metrics/MethodLength
+      def geopotential_altitude_from_pressure_mbar(pressure)
+        if pressure >= pa_to_mbar(pressure_layers[2]) # H <= 11 000 m
+          (3.731444 - pressure**0.1902631) / 8.41728e-5
+        elsif pressure >= pa_to_mbar(pressure_layers[3]) # H <= 20 000 m
+          (3.1080387 - Math.log10(pressure)) / 6.848325e-5
+        elsif pressure >= pa_to_mbar(pressure_layers[4]) # H <= 32 000 m
+          (1.2386515 - pressure**0.02927125) \
+            / (5.085177e-6 * pressure**0.02927125)
+        elsif pressure >= pa_to_mbar(pressure_layers[5]) # H <= 47 000 m
+          (1.9630052 - pressure**0.08195949) \
+            / (2.013664e-5 * pressure**0.08195949)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def geopotential_altitude_from_pressure_mmhg(pressure)
+        if pressure >= pa_to_mmhg(pressure_layers[2]) # H <= 11 000 m
+          (3.532747 - pressure**0.1902631) / 7.96906e-5
+        elsif pressure >= pa_to_mmhg(pressure_layers[3]) # H <= 20 000 m
+          (2.9831357 - Math.log10(pressure)) / 6.848325e-5
+        elsif pressure >= pa_to_mmhg(pressure_layers[4]) # H <= 32 000 m
+          (1.2282678 - pressure**0.02927125) \
+            / (5.085177e-6 * pressure**0.02927125)
+        elsif pressure >= pa_to_mmhg(pressure_layers[5]) # H <= 47 000 m
+          (1.9172753 - pressure**0.08195949) \
+            / (2.013664e-5 * pressure**0.08195949)
+        end
+      end
+      # rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
+      # rubocop:enable Metrics/MethodLength
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/atmospheric/version.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Atmospheric
-  VERSION = "0.1.0"
+  VERSION = "0.2.0"
 end

data/lib/atmospheric.rb

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 require_relative "atmospheric/version"
 require_relative "atmospheric/isa"
+require_relative "atmospheric/export"
 
 module Atmospheric
   class Error < StandardError; end