astronoby 0.8.0 → 0.9.0

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data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,63 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 0.9.0 - 2025-10-31
+
+_If you are upgrading: please see [UPGRADING.md]._
+
+### Features
+
+* Add `#approaching_primary?` and `#receding_from_primary?` to solar system bodies ([#211])
+* Calculate apoapsis and periapsis events ([#213])
+* Improve precision of ΔT ([#219])
+* Deep Sky Object: Compute astrometric position ([#217])
+* Deep Sky Object: Compute apparent position ([#220])
+* Deep Sky Object: Handle velocities properly ([#222])
+* Deep Sky Object: Compute topocentric position ([#226])
+* Deep Sky Object: difference between the body and the position ([#227])
+* Deep Sky Object: Add support for RiseTransitSetCalculator ([#228])
+
+### Improvements
+
+* Drop `Astronoby::Apparent#angular_diameter` ([#221])
+* Bump rubyzip from 3.0.2 to 3.2.1 by @dependabot ([#210], [#215], [#223], [#233])
+* Bump standard from 1.50.0 to 1.51.1 by @dependabot ([#212], [#214])
+* Be proud about the precision achieved ([#218])
+* Use local apparent instead of local mean sidereal time for hour angle ([#225])
+* Bump rspec from 3.13.1 to 3.13.2 by @dependabot ([#229])
+* Bump benchmark from 0.4.1 to 0.5.0 by @dependabot ([#230])
+* Add documentation for deep-sky objects ([#232])
+* Bump rake from 13.3.0 to 13.3.1 by @dependabot ([#235])
+
+### Backward-incompatible changes
+
+* Drop `Astronoby::Apparent#angular_diameter` ([#221])
+* Use local apparent instead of local mean sidereal time for hour angle ([#225])
+
+**Full Changelog**: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/compare/v0.8.0...v0.9.0
+
+[#210]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/210
+[#211]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/211
+[#212]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/212
+[#213]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/213
+[#214]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/214
+[#215]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/215
+[#217]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/217
+[#218]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/218
+[#219]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/219
+[#220]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/220
+[#221]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/221
+[#222]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/222
+[#223]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/223
+[#225]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/225
+[#226]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/226
+[#227]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/227
+[#228]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/228
+[#229]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/229
+[#230]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/230
+[#232]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/232
+[#233]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/233
+[#235]: https://github.com/rhannequin/astronoby/pull/235
+
 ## 0.8.0 - 2025-09-01
 
 _If you are upgrading: please see [UPGRADING.md]._

data/README.md

@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ previous versions, you can access the documentation in the README for each
 
 ### See also
 - [Quick Start Guide](docs/README.md) - for getting started examples
-- [Celestial Bodies](docs/celestial_bodies.md) - for understanding planets and objects
+- [Solar System Bodies](docs/solar_system_bodies.md) - for understanding planets
+  and objects
 - [Reference Frames](docs/reference_frames.md) - for coordinate systems
 - [Observer Setup](docs/observer.md) - for location configuration
 - [Glossary](docs/glossary.md) - for astronomical and technical terms
@@ -58,11 +59,12 @@ described in the [UPGRADING] document.
 ## Precision
 
 The current precision for the major Solar System bodies' locations in the sky
-as seen from an observer on Earth is below 10 arc seconds. This corresponds to
-half the size of Saturn when it is closest to Earth.
+as seen from an observer on Earth is around 1-2 arc seconds, with sub-arcsecond
+often achieved. This corresponds to less than the apparent size of Neptune when
+it is closest to Earth.
 
 While the precision is not enough for spacecraft navigation, it is enough for
-automated guiding of amateur telescopes.
+automated guiding of amateur telescopes and some professional use-cases.
 
 The sources used for comparison are: [IMCCE], [JPL Horizons], [Stellarium],
 and the [Skyfield] library.

data/UPGRADING.md

@@ -7,6 +7,31 @@ changes to it as long as a major version has not been released.
 If you are already using Astronoby and wish to follow the changes to its
 public API, please read the upgrading notes for each release.
 
+## Upgrading from 0.8.0 to 0.9.0
+
+### Constant `MINUTES_PER_DEGREE` renamed
+
+The constant `Constants::MINUTES_PER_DEGREE` has been renamed to
+`Constants::ARC_MINUTES_PER_DEGREE` to clarify its purpose. The value remains
+unchanged (`60.0`).
+
+### Signature change in `RiseTransitSetCalculator`
+
+The `RiseTransitSetCalculator` constructor's `ephem` key argument is not
+mandatory anymore. This allows to support bodies that don't require ephemerides
+(e.g. deep-sky objects).
+
+### Sidereal time API change
+
+It is is now preferred to use `Instant#gmst`, `Instant#gast`, `Instant#lmst` and
+`Instant#last` to get sidereal times.
+
+It is also possible to use dedicated classes:
+- `GreenwichMeanSiderealTime`
+- `GreenwichApparentSiderealTime`
+- `LocalMeanSiderealTime`
+- `LocalApparentSiderealTime`
+
 ## Upgrading from 0.7.0 to 0.8.0
 
 ### Benchmark directory changed

data/docs/README.md

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ You can learn more about time scales on the [Instant page].
 jupiter = Astronoby::Jupiter.new(instant: instant, ephem: ephem)
 ```
 
-You can learn more about planets and bodies on the [Celestial Bodies page].
+You can learn more about planets and bodies on the [Solar System Bodies page].
 
 ## Define an observer from geographic coordinates
 
@@ -178,6 +178,33 @@ Astronoby::EquinoxSolstice.december_solstice(2025, ephem)
 You can learn more about equinoxes and solstices on the
 [Equinoxes and solstices times page].
 
+## Deep-sky objects
+
+It is possible to manipulate any deep-sky possible, given equatorial coordinates
+from a catalogue at J2000 epoch.
+
+```rb
+time = Time.utc(2025, 10, 1)
+instant = Astronoby::Instant.from_time(time)
+
+vega_j2000 = Astronoby::Coordinates::Equatorial.new(
+  right_ascension: Astronoby::Angle.from_hms(18, 36, 56.33635),
+  declination: Astronoby::Angle.from_dms(38, 47, 1.2802),
+  epoch: Astronoby::JulianDate::J2000
+)
+
+# Build the body for star Vega
+vega = Astronoby::DeepSkyObject.new(equatorial_coordinates: vega_j2000)
+
+# Build the position of star Vega for a given instant
+vega_position = vega.at(instant)
+
+vega_position.apparent.equatorial.right_ascension.str(:hms)
+# => "18h 36m 56.3363s"
+```
+
+You can learn more about deep-sky objects on the [Deep-sky Bodies page].
+
 ## See also
 - [Glossary](glossary.md) - for astronomical and technical terms
 - [Configuration](configuration.md) - for performance tuning
@@ -185,7 +212,7 @@ You can learn more about equinoxes and solstices on the
 
 [Ephem page]: ephem.md
 [Instant page]: instant.md
-[Celestial Bodies page]: celestial_bodies.md
+[Solar System Bodies page]: solar_system_bodies.md
 [Observer page]: observer.md
 [Reference Frames page]: reference_frames.md
 [Angles page]: angles.md
@@ -194,3 +221,4 @@ You can learn more about equinoxes and solstices on the
 [Twilight times page]: twilight_times.md
 [Moon phases page]: moon_phases.md
 [Equinoxes and solstices times page]: equinoxes_solstices_times.md
+[Deep-sky Bodies page]: deep_sky_bodies.md

data/docs/angles.md

@@ -134,4 +134,4 @@ angle1.negative? # => false
 - [Coordinates](coordinates.md) - for using angles in coordinate systems
 - [Observer](observer.md) - for latitude and longitude
 - [Reference Frames](reference_frames.md) - for position calculations
-- [Celestial Bodies](celestial_bodies.md) - for object positions
+- [Solar System Bodies](solar_system_bodies.md) - for object positions

data/docs/coordinates.md

@@ -164,4 +164,4 @@ horizontal.azimuth.str(:dms)
 - [Reference Frames](reference_frames.md) - for coordinate system details
 - [Angles](angles.md) - for working with angular measurements
 - [Observer](observer.md) - for location setup
-- [Celestial Bodies](celestial_bodies.md) - for object positions
+- [Solar System Bodies](solar_system_bodies.md) - for object positions

data/docs/deep_sky_bodies.md

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Deep-sky Bodies
+
+Deep-sky objects represent celestial object that are not part of the Solar
+System, like stars, nebulae, clusters, galaxies. They are not affected by any
+body of the Solar System.
+
+Because we know billions of there objects, it is impossible for Astronoby to
+store a comprehensive catalogue. Therefore, it is up to the developer to build
+the object they need, based on equatorial coordinates from official catalogues
+at J2000 epoch. The [SIMBAD Astronomical Database] is an example of database
+where such coordinates can be found.
+
+Astronoby makes the difference between the body and the position.
+`Astronoby::DeepSkyObject` represent the body in itself, defined by fixed
+coordinates. It can also be support proper motion parameters, also given from
+official catalogues, which provides a bit more precision.
+
+```rb
+vega_j2000 = Astronoby::Coordinates::Equatorial.new(
+  right_ascension: Astronoby::Angle.from_hms(18, 36, 56.33635),
+  declination: Astronoby::Angle.from_dms(38, 47, 1.2802),
+  epoch: Astronoby::JulianDate::J2000
+)
+
+vega = Astronoby::DeepSkyObject.new(equatorial_coordinates: vega_j2000)
+
+vega_with_proper_motion = Astronoby::DeepSkyObject.new(
+  equatorial_coordinates: vega_j2000,
+  proper_motion_ra: Astronoby::AngularVelocity
+    .from_milliarcseconds_per_year(200.94),
+  proper_motion_dec: Astronoby::AngularVelocity
+    .from_milliarcseconds_per_year(286.23),
+  parallax: Astronoby::Angle.from_degree_arcseconds(130.23 / 1000.0),
+  radial_velocity: Astronoby::Velocity.from_kilometers_per_second(-13.5)
+)
+```
+
+From a `DeepSkyObject` instance, it is possible to instantiate the position
+of the body at a given instant. If given the optional `ephem` parameter,
+precision will increase as some astronomical corrections will be
+applied.
+
+A `DeepSkyPosition` object exposes `astrometric`, `apparent` and `topocentric`
+reference frames.
+
+```rb
+time = Time.utc(2025, 10, 1)
+instant = Astronoby::Instant.from_time(time)
+
+ephem = Astronoby::Ephem.load("inpop19a.bsp")
+
+vega
+  .at(instant)
+  .apparent
+  .equatorial
+  .right_ascension
+  .str(:hms)
+# => "18h 37m 48.2804s"
+
+vega_with_proper_motion
+  .at(instant, ephem: ephem)
+  .apparent
+  .equatorial
+  .right_ascension
+  .str(:hms)
+# => "18h 37m 48.7215s"
+```
+
+You can learn more about [ephemerides] and [reference frames].
+
+A deep-sky body object can also be used in calculators.
+
+```rb
+observer = Astronoby::Observer.new(
+  latitude: Astronoby::Angle.from_degrees(51.5072),
+  longitude: Astronoby::Angle.from_degrees(-0.1276)
+)
+date = Date.new(2025, 10, 1)
+
+body = Astronoby::DeepSkyObject.new(
+  equatorial_coordinates: Astronoby::Coordinates::Equatorial.new(
+    right_ascension: Astronoby::Angle.from_hms(6, 45, 8.917),
+    declination: Astronoby::Angle.from_dms(-16, 42, 58.02)
+  )
+)
+
+calculator = Astronoby::RiseTransitSetCalculator.new(
+  body: body,
+  observer: observer,
+  ephem: ephem
+)
+
+event = calculator.event_on(date)
+
+event.rising_time
+# => 2025-10-01 01:31:25 UTC
+```
+
+[ephemerides]: ephem.md
+[reference frames]: reference_frames.md
+[SIMBAD Astronomical Database]: https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/

data/docs/ephem.md

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ the target `399`.
 [IMCCE]: https://www.imcce.fr
 
 ## See also
-- [Celestial Bodies](celestial_bodies.md) - for using ephemeris data
+- [Solar System Bodies](solar_system_bodies.md) - for using ephemeris data
 - [Reference Frames](reference_frames.md) - for coordinate calculations
 - [Observer](observer.md) - for location-based calculations
 - [Configuration](configuration.md) - for performance tuning

data/docs/instant.md

@@ -134,6 +134,6 @@ instant1 < instant2
 
 ## See also
 - [Ephemerides](ephem.md) - for time-based calculations
-- [Celestial Bodies](celestial_bodies.md) - for object positions
+- [Solar System Bodies](solar_system_bodies.md) - for object positions
 - [Reference Frames](reference_frames.md) - for coordinate systems
 - [Configuration](configuration.md) - for performance settings

data/docs/moon_phases.md

@@ -75,5 +75,5 @@ phases.each { puts "#{_1.phase}: #{_1.time}" }
 ## See also
 - [Twilight Times](twilight_times.md) - for sun-related events
 - [Rise, Transit and Set Times](rise_transit_set_times.md) - for moon events
-- [Celestial Bodies](celestial_bodies.md) - for moon object details
+- [Solar System Bodies](solar_system_bodies.md) - for moon object details
 - [Ephemerides](ephem.md) - for data sources

data/docs/observer.md

@@ -62,4 +62,4 @@ observer1 == observer2
 - [Angles](angles.md) - for working with latitude and longitude
 - [Coordinates](coordinates.md) - for understanding position systems
 - [Reference Frames](reference_frames.md) - for topocentric calculations
-- [Celestial Bodies](celestial_bodies.md) - for observing objects
+- [Solar System Bodies](solar_system_bodies.md) - for observing objects

data/docs/reference_frames.md

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ You can learn more about observers on the [Observer page].
 ## See also
 - [Coordinates](coordinates.md) - for understanding coordinate systems
 - [Observer](observer.md) - for location setup
-- [Celestial Bodies](celestial_bodies.md) - for object positions
+- [Solar System Bodies](solar_system_bodies.md) - for object positions
 - [Ephemerides](ephem.md) - for data sources
 
 [Observer page]: observer.md

data/docs/rise_transit_set_times.md

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ Once instantiated, the calculator doesn't do anything yet, it waits for your
 instruction.
 
 It takes as key arguments:
-* `body` (`Astronoby::SolarSystemBody`): any supported celestial body,
-  e.g. `Astronoby::Sun`
+* `body` (`Astronoby::SolarSystemBody` or `Astronoby::DeepSkyObject`): any
+  supported celestial body, e.g. `Astronoby::Sun`
 * `observer` (`Astronoby::Observer`): location on Earth of the observer
 * `ephem`: ephemeris to provide the initial raw data
 
-You can learn more about [celestial bodies] and [ephemerides].
+You can learn more about [Solar System bodies] and [ephemerides].
 
 ```rb
 ephem = Astronoby::Ephem.load("inpop19a.bsp")
@@ -109,11 +109,11 @@ event.setting_time.localtime(utc_offset)
 # => 2025-05-01 16:14:24 +0300
 ```
 
-[celestial bodies]: celestial_bodies.md
+[Solar System bodies]: solar_system_bodies.md
 [ephemerides]: ephem.md
 
 ## See also
 - [Twilight Times](twilight_times.md) - for sun-related events
-- [Celestial Bodies](celestial_bodies.md) - for object information
+- [Solar System Bodies](solar_system_bodies.md) - for object information
 - [Observer](observer.md) - for location setup
 - [Ephemerides](ephem.md) - for data sources

data/docs/{celestial_bodies.md → solar_system_bodies.md}

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Celestial Bodies
+# Solar System Bodies
 
 Currently, Astronoby only supports the following major bodies of the Solar
 System:

data/lib/astronoby/angle.rb

@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ module Astronoby
       @radians * Constants::PI_IN_DEGREES / Math::PI
     end
 
+    def degree_milliarcseconds
+      degrees * Constants::MILLIARCSECONDS_PER_DEGREE
+    end
+
     def hours
       @radians / Constants::RADIAN_PER_HOUR
     end
@@ -139,10 +143,10 @@ module Astronoby
       sign = degrees.negative? ? "-" : "+"
       absolute_degrees = degrees.abs
       deg = absolute_degrees.floor
-      decimal_minutes = Constants::MINUTES_PER_DEGREE *
+      decimal_minutes = Constants::ARCMINUTES_PER_DEGREE *
         (absolute_degrees - deg)
       absolute_decimal_minutes = (
-        Constants::MINUTES_PER_DEGREE * (absolute_degrees - deg)
+        Constants::ARCMINUTES_PER_DEGREE * (absolute_degrees - deg)
       ).abs
       minutes = decimal_minutes.floor
       seconds = Constants::SECONDS_PER_MINUTE * (

data/lib/astronoby/angular_velocity.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Astronoby
+  class AngularVelocity
+    include Comparable
+
+    class << self
+      def zero
+        new(0)
+      end
+
+      def from_radians_per_second(radians_per_second)
+        new(radians_per_second)
+      end
+
+      def from_milliarcseconds_per_year(mas_per_year)
+        angle = Angle.from_degree_arcseconds(mas_per_year / 1000.0)
+        radians_per_second = angle.radians / Constants::SECONDS_PER_JULIAN_YEAR
+        new(radians_per_second)
+      end
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :radians_per_second
+    alias_method :rps, :radians_per_second
+
+    def initialize(radians_per_second)
+      @radians_per_second = radians_per_second
+      freeze
+    end
+
+    def milliarcseconds_per_year
+      angle = Angle.from_radians(@radians_per_second)
+      angle.degree_milliarcseconds * Constants::SECONDS_PER_JULIAN_YEAR
+    end
+    alias_method :mas_per_year, :milliarcseconds_per_year
+
+    def +(other)
+      self.class.from_radians_per_second(
+        @radians_per_second + other.radians_per_second
+      )
+    end
+
+    def -(other)
+      self.class.from_radians_per_second(
+        @radians_per_second - other.radians_per_second
+      )
+    end
+
+    def -@
+      self.class.from_radians_per_second(-@radians_per_second)
+    end
+
+    def positive?
+      @radians_per_second > 0
+    end
+
+    def negative?
+      @radians_per_second < 0
+    end
+
+    def zero?
+      @radians_per_second.zero?
+    end
+
+    def hash
+      [@radians_per_second, self.class].hash
+    end
+
+    def <=>(other)
+      return unless other.is_a?(self.class)
+
+      @radians_per_second <=> other.radians_per_second
+    end
+    alias_method :eql?, :==
+  end
+end

data/lib/astronoby/bodies/deep_sky_object.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Astronoby
+  class DeepSkyObject
+    # @param equatorial_coordinates [Astronoby::Coordinates::Equatorial]
+    #   Equatorial coordinates at epoch J2000.0
+    # @param proper_motion_ra [Astronoby::AngularVelocity, nil] Proper motion in
+    #   right ascension
+    # @param proper_motion_dec [Astronoby::AngularVelocity, nil] Proper motion
+    #   in declination
+    # @param parallax [Astronoby::Angle, nil] Parallax angle
+    # @param radial_velocity [Astronoby::Velocity, nil] Radial velocity
+    def initialize(
+      equatorial_coordinates:,
+      proper_motion_ra: nil,
+      proper_motion_dec: nil,
+      parallax: nil,
+      radial_velocity: nil
+    )
+      @initial_equatorial_coordinates = equatorial_coordinates
+      @proper_motion_ra = proper_motion_ra
+      @proper_motion_dec = proper_motion_dec
+      @parallax = parallax
+      @radial_velocity = radial_velocity
+    end
+
+    # @param instant [Astronoby::Instant] Instant of the observation
+    # @param ephem [Astronoby::Ephemeris, nil] Ephemeris to use for Earth
+    #   position calculation
+    # @return [Astronoby::DeepSkyObjectPosition] Position of the deep-sky object
+    #   at the given instant
+    def at(instant, ephem: nil)
+      DeepSkyObjectPosition.new(
+        instant: instant,
+        equatorial_coordinates: @initial_equatorial_coordinates,
+        ephem: ephem,
+        proper_motion_ra: @proper_motion_ra,
+        proper_motion_dec: @proper_motion_dec,
+        parallax: @parallax,
+        radial_velocity: @radial_velocity
+      )
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/astronoby/bodies/deep_sky_object_position.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Astronoby
+  class DeepSkyObjectPosition
+    DEFAULT_DISTANCE = Distance.from_parsecs(1e9)
+
+    attr_reader :instant, :apparent
+
+    # @param instant [Astronoby::Instant] Instant of the observation
+    # @param equatorial_coordinates [Astronoby::Coordinates::Equatorial]
+    #   Equatorial coordinates at epoch J2000.0
+    # @param proper_motion_ra [Astronoby::AngularVelocity, nil] Proper motion in
+    #   right ascension
+    # @param proper_motion_dec [Astronoby::AngularVelocity, nil] Proper motion
+    #   in declination
+    # @param parallax [Astronoby::Angle, nil] Parallax angle
+    # @param radial_velocity [Astronoby::Velocity, nil] Radial velocity
+    def initialize(
+      instant:,
+      equatorial_coordinates:,
+      ephem: nil,
+      proper_motion_ra: nil,
+      proper_motion_dec: nil,
+      parallax: nil,
+      radial_velocity: nil
+    )
+      @instant = instant
+      @initial_equatorial_coordinates = equatorial_coordinates
+      @proper_motion_ra = proper_motion_ra
+      @proper_motion_dec = proper_motion_dec
+      @parallax = parallax
+      @radial_velocity = radial_velocity
+      if ephem
+        @earth_geometric = Earth.geometric(ephem: ephem, instant: @instant)
+      end
+      compute_apparent
+    end
+
+    # @return [Astronoby::Astrometric] Astrometric position of the object
+    def astrometric
+      @astrometric ||= Astrometric.new(
+        instant: @instant,
+        position: astrometric_position,
+        velocity: astrometric_velocity,
+        center_identifier: SolarSystemBody::EARTH,
+        target_body: self
+      )
+    end
+
+    def observed_by(observer)
+      Topocentric.build_from_apparent(
+        apparent: @apparent,
+        observer: observer,
+        instant: @instant,
+        target_body: self
+      )
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def astrometric_position
+      @astrometric_position ||= if use_stellar_propagation?
+        stellar_propagation.position
+      else
+        astronomical_distance = DEFAULT_DISTANCE.meters
+        right_ascension = @initial_equatorial_coordinates.right_ascension
+        declination = @initial_equatorial_coordinates.declination
+        Distance.vector_from_meters([
+          declination.cos * right_ascension.cos * astronomical_distance,
+          declination.cos * right_ascension.sin * astronomical_distance,
+          declination.sin * astronomical_distance
+        ])
+      end
+    end
+
+    def astrometric_velocity
+      @astrometric_velocity ||= if use_stellar_propagation?
+        stellar_propagation.velocity_vector
+      else
+        Velocity.vector_from_meters_per_second([0.0, 0.0, 0.0])
+      end
+    end
+
+    def use_stellar_propagation?
+      @proper_motion_ra && @proper_motion_dec && @parallax && @radial_velocity
+    end
+
+    def stellar_propagation
+      @stellar_propagation ||= StellarPropagation.new(
+        equatorial_coordinates: @initial_equatorial_coordinates,
+        proper_motion_ra: @proper_motion_ra,
+        proper_motion_dec: @proper_motion_dec,
+        parallax: @parallax,
+        radial_velocity: @radial_velocity,
+        instant: @instant,
+        earth_geometric: @earth_geometric
+      )
+    end
+
+    def compute_apparent
+      @apparent = if @earth_geometric
+        Apparent.build_from_astrometric(
+          instant: @instant,
+          target_astrometric: astrometric,
+          earth_geometric: @earth_geometric,
+          target_body: self
+        )
+      else
+        precession_matrix = Precession.matrix_for(@instant)
+        nutation_matrix = Nutation.matrix_for(@instant)
+        corrected_position = Distance.vector_from_meters(
+          precession_matrix * nutation_matrix * astrometric.position.map(&:m)
+        )
+        corrected_velocity = Velocity.vector_from_mps(
+          precession_matrix * nutation_matrix * astrometric.velocity.map(&:mps)
+        )
+        Apparent.new(
+          position: corrected_position,
+          velocity: corrected_velocity,
+          instant: @instant,
+          center_identifier: SolarSystemBody::EARTH,
+          target_body: self
+        )
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end