astronoby 0.4.0 → 0.5.0

data/lib/astronoby/astronomical_models/moon_phases_periodic_terms.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Astronoby
+  class MoonPhasesPeriodicTerms
+    # Lunar Solution ELP 2000-82B (Chapront-Touze+, 1988)
+
+    # Source:
+    #  Title: Astronomical Algorithms
+    #  Author: Jean Meeus
+    #  Edition: 2nd edition
+    #  Chapter: 49 - Phases of the Moon
+
+    # @param julian_centuries [Float] Julian centuries
+    # @param time [Float] Time
+    # @param eccentricity_correction [Float] Eccentricity correction
+    # @param moon_mean_anomaly [Float] Moon mean anomaly
+    # @param sun_mean_anomaly [Float] Sun mean anomaly
+    # @param moon_argument_of_latitude [Float] Moon argument of latitude
+    # @param longitude_of_the_ascending_node [Float] Longitude of the ascending node
+    def initialize(
+      julian_centuries:,
+      time:,
+      eccentricity_correction:,
+      moon_mean_anomaly:,
+      sun_mean_anomaly:,
+      moon_argument_of_latitude:,
+      longitude_of_the_ascending_node:
+
+    )
+      @julian_centuries = julian_centuries
+      @time = time
+      @eccentricity_correction = eccentricity_correction
+      @moon_mean_anomaly = moon_mean_anomaly
+      @sun_mean_anomaly = sun_mean_anomaly
+      @moon_argument_of_latitude = moon_argument_of_latitude
+      @longitude_of_the_ascending_node = longitude_of_the_ascending_node
+    end
+
+    # @return [Float] New moon correction
+    def new_moon_correction
+      ecc = @eccentricity_correction
+      mma = @moon_mean_anomaly.radians
+      sma = @sun_mean_anomaly.radians
+      maol = @moon_argument_of_latitude.radians
+      lotan = @longitude_of_the_ascending_node.radians
+      [
+        [-0.40720, mma],
+        [0.17241 * ecc, sma],
+        [0.01608, 2 * mma],
+        [0.01039, 2 * maol],
+        [0.00739 * ecc, mma - sma],
+        [-0.00514 * ecc, mma + sma],
+        [0.00208 * ecc * ecc, 2 * sma],
+        [-0.00111, mma - 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00057, mma + 2 * maol],
+        [0.00056 * ecc, 2 * mma + sma],
+        [-0.00042, 3 * mma],
+        [0.00042 * ecc, sma + 2 * maol],
+        [0.00038 * ecc, sma - 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00024 * ecc, 2 * mma - sma],
+        [-0.00017, lotan],
+        [-0.00007, mma + 2 * sma],
+        [0.00004, 2 * mma - 2 * maol],
+        [0.00004, 3 * sma],
+        [0.00003, mma + sma - 2 * maol],
+        [0.00003, 2 * mma + 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00003, mma + sma + 2 * maol],
+        [0.00003, mma - sma + 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00002, mma - sma - 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00002, 3 * mma + sma],
+        [0.00002, 4 * mma]
+      ].map { _1.first * Math.sin(_1.last) }.sum
+    end
+
+    # @return [Float] First quarter correction
+    def first_quarter_correction
+      first_and_last_quarter_correction + first_and_last_quarter_final_correction
+    end
+
+    # @return [Float] Full moon correction
+    def full_moon_correction
+      ecc = @eccentricity_correction
+      mma = @moon_mean_anomaly.radians
+      sma = @sun_mean_anomaly.radians
+      maol = @moon_argument_of_latitude.radians
+      lotan = @longitude_of_the_ascending_node.radians
+      [
+        [-0.40614, mma],
+        [0.17302 * ecc, sma],
+        [0.01614, 2 * mma],
+        [0.01043, 2 * maol],
+        [0.00734 * ecc, mma - sma],
+        [-0.00515 * ecc, mma + sma],
+        [0.00209 * ecc * ecc, 2 * sma],
+        [-0.00111, mma - 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00057, mma + 2 * maol],
+        [0.00056 * ecc, 2 * mma + sma],
+        [-0.00042, 3 * mma],
+        [0.00042 * ecc, sma + 2 * maol],
+        [0.00038 * ecc, sma - 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00024 * ecc, 2 * mma - sma],
+        [-0.00017, lotan],
+        [-0.00007, mma + 2 * sma],
+        [0.00004, 2 * mma - 2 * maol],
+        [0.00004, 3 * sma],
+        [0.00003, mma + sma - 2 * maol],
+        [0.00003, 2 * mma + 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00003, mma + sma + 2 * maol],
+        [0.00003, mma - sma + 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00002, mma - sma - 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00002, 3 * mma + sma],
+        [0.00002, 4 * mma]
+      ].map { _1.first * Math.sin(_1.last) }.sum
+    end
+
+    # @return [Float] Last quarter correction
+    def last_quarter_correction
+      first_and_last_quarter_correction - first_and_last_quarter_final_correction
+    end
+
+    # @return [Float] Additional corrections
+    def additional_corrections
+      [
+        [0.000325, a1],
+        [0.000165, a2],
+        [0.000164, a3],
+        [0.000126, a4],
+        [0.000110, a5],
+        [0.000062, a6],
+        [0.000060, a7],
+        [0.000056, a8],
+        [0.000047, a9],
+        [0.000042, a10],
+        [0.000040, a11],
+        [0.000037, a12],
+        [0.000035, a13],
+        [0.000023, a14]
+      ].map { _1.first * _1.last.sin }.sum
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def a1
+      Angle.from_degrees(
+        (
+          299.77 +
+            0.107408 * @time -
+            0.009173 * @julian_centuries**2
+        ) % 360
+      )
+    end
+
+    def a2
+      Angle.from_degrees (251.88 + 0.016321 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a3
+      Angle.from_degrees (251.83 + 26.651886 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a4
+      Angle.from_degrees (349.42 + 36.412478 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a5
+      Angle.from_degrees (84.66 + 18.206239 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a6
+      Angle.from_degrees (141.74 + 53.303771 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a7
+      Angle.from_degrees (207.14 + 2.453732 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a8
+      Angle.from_degrees (154.84 + 7.306860 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a9
+      Angle.from_degrees (34.52 + 27.261239 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a10
+      Angle.from_degrees (207.19 + 0.121824 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a11
+      Angle.from_degrees (291.34 + 1.844379 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a12
+      Angle.from_degrees (161.72 + 24.198154 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a13
+      Angle.from_degrees (239.56 + 25.513099 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def a14
+      Angle.from_degrees (331.55 + 3.592518 * @time) % 360
+    end
+
+    def first_and_last_quarter_final_correction
+      0.00306 -
+        0.00038 * @eccentricity_correction * @sun_mean_anomaly.cos +
+        0.00026 * @moon_mean_anomaly.cos -
+        0.00002 * (@moon_mean_anomaly - @sun_mean_anomaly).cos +
+        0.00002 * (@moon_mean_anomaly + @sun_mean_anomaly).cos +
+        0.00002 * Math.cos(2 * @moon_argument_of_latitude.radians)
+    end
+
+    def first_and_last_quarter_correction
+      ecc = @eccentricity_correction
+      mma = @moon_mean_anomaly.radians
+      sma = @sun_mean_anomaly.radians
+      maol = @moon_argument_of_latitude.radians
+      lotan = @longitude_of_the_ascending_node.radians
+      [
+        [-0.62801, mma],
+        [0.17172 * ecc, sma],
+        [-0.01183, mma + sma],
+        [0.00862, 2 * mma],
+        [0.00804, 2 * maol],
+        [0.00454 * ecc, mma - sma],
+        [0.00204 * ecc**2, 2 * sma],
+        [-0.00180, mma - 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00070, mma + 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00040, 3 * mma],
+        [-0.00034 * ecc, 2 * mma - sma],
+        [0.00032 * ecc, sma + 2 * maol],
+        [0.00032, sma - 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00028 * ecc**2, mma + 2 * sma],
+        [0.00027 * ecc, 2 * mma + sma],
+        [-0.00017, lotan],
+        [-0.00005, mma - sma - 2 * maol],
+        [0.00004, 2 * mma + 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00004, mma + sma + 2 * maol],
+        [0.00004, mma - 2 * sma],
+        [0.00003, mma + sma - 2 * maol],
+        [0.00003, 3 * sma],
+        [0.00002, 2 * mma - 2 * maol],
+        [0.00002, mma - sma + 2 * maol],
+        [-0.00002, 3 * mma + sma]
+      ].map { _1.first * Math.sin(_1.last) }.sum
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/astronoby/bodies/moon.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Astronoby
+  class Moon
+    SEMIDIAMETER_VARIATION = 0.7275
+    MEAN_GEOCENTRIC_DISTANCE = Astronoby::Distance.from_meters(385_000_560)
+
+    # Source:
+    #  Title: Astronomical Algorithms
+    #  Author: Jean Meeus
+    #  Edition: 2nd edition
+    #  Chapter: 49 - Phases of the Moon
+
+    # @param year [Integer] Requested year
+    # @param month [Integer] Requested month
+    # @return [Array<Astronoby::MoonPhase>] Moon phases for the requested year
+    def self.monthly_phase_events(year:, month:)
+      Events::MoonPhases.phases_for(year: year, month: month)
+    end
+
+    def initialize(time:)
+      @time = time
+    end
+
+    # @return [Astronoby::Coordinates::Ecliptic] Apparent ecliptic coordinates
+    #   of the Moon
+    def apparent_ecliptic_coordinates
+      @ecliptic_coordinates ||= begin
+        latitude = Astronoby::Angle.from_degrees(
+          (latitude_terms + additive_latitude_terms) *
+            EphemerideLunaireParisienne::DEGREES_UNIT
+        )
+
+        longitude = mean_longitude + Astronoby::Angle.from_degrees(
+          (longitude_terms + additive_longitude_terms) *
+            EphemerideLunaireParisienne::DEGREES_UNIT
+        ) + nutation
+
+        Coordinates::Ecliptic.new(
+          latitude: latitude,
+          longitude: longitude
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Source:
+    #  Title: Astronomical Algorithms
+    #  Author: Jean Meeus
+    #  Edition: 2nd edition
+    #  Chapter: 47 - Position of the Moon
+
+    # @return [Astronoby::Coordinates::Equatorial] Apparent geocentric
+    #   equatorial coordinates of the Moon
+    def apparent_equatorial_coordinates
+      @apparent_equatorial_coordinates ||=
+        apparent_ecliptic_coordinates
+          .to_apparent_equatorial(epoch: Epoch.from_time(@time))
+    end
+
+    def horizontal_coordinates(observer:)
+      apparent_topocentric_equatorial_coordinates =
+        Astronoby::GeocentricParallax.for_equatorial_coordinates(
+          observer: observer,
+          time: @time,
+          coordinates: apparent_equatorial_coordinates,
+          distance: distance
+        )
+
+      apparent_topocentric_equatorial_coordinates.to_horizontal(
+        observer: observer,
+        time: @time
+      )
+    end
+
+    # @return [Astronoby::Distance] Distance between the Earth and the Moon centers
+    def distance
+      @distance ||= Astronoby::Distance.from_meters(
+        (MEAN_GEOCENTRIC_DISTANCE.meters + distance_terms).round
+      )
+    end
+
+    # @return [Angle] Moon's mean longitude
+    def mean_longitude
+      @mean_longitude ||= Angle.from_degrees(
+        (
+          218.3164477 +
+          481267.88123421 * elapsed_centuries -
+          0.0015786 * elapsed_centuries**2 +
+          elapsed_centuries**3 / 538841 -
+          elapsed_centuries**4 / 65194000
+        ) % 360
+      )
+    end
+
+    # @return [Angle] Moon's mean elongation
+    def mean_elongation
+      @mean_elongation ||= Angle.from_degrees(
+        (
+          297.8501921 +
+          445267.1114034 * elapsed_centuries -
+          0.0018819 * elapsed_centuries**2 +
+          elapsed_centuries**3 / 545868 -
+          elapsed_centuries**4 / 113065000
+        ) % 360
+      )
+    end
+
+    # @return [Angle] Moon's mean anomaly
+    def mean_anomaly
+      @mean_anomaly ||= Angle.from_degrees(
+        (
+          134.9633964 +
+          477198.8675055 * elapsed_centuries +
+          0.0087414 * elapsed_centuries**2 +
+          elapsed_centuries**3 / 69699 -
+          elapsed_centuries**4 / 14712000
+        ) % 360
+      )
+    end
+
+    # @return [Angle] Moon's argument of latitude
+    def argument_of_latitude
+      @argument_of_latitude ||= Angle.from_degrees(
+        (
+          93.2720950 +
+          483202.0175233 * elapsed_centuries -
+          0.0036539 * elapsed_centuries**2 -
+          elapsed_centuries**3 / 3526000
+        ) % 360
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Source:
+    #  Title: Astronomical Algorithms
+    #  Author: Jean Meeus
+    #  Edition: 2nd edition
+    #  Chapter: 48 - Illuminated Fraction of the Moon's Disk
+
+    # @return [Angle] Moon's phase angle
+    def phase_angle
+      @phase_angle ||= begin
+        sun_apparent_equatorial_coordinates = sun
+          .apparent_ecliptic_coordinates
+          .to_apparent_equatorial(epoch: Epoch.from_time(@time))
+        moon_apparent_equatorial_coordinates = apparent_equatorial_coordinates
+        geocentric_elongation = Angle.acos(
+          sun_apparent_equatorial_coordinates.declination.sin *
+            moon_apparent_equatorial_coordinates.declination.sin +
+            sun_apparent_equatorial_coordinates.declination.cos *
+            moon_apparent_equatorial_coordinates.declination.cos *
+            (
+              sun_apparent_equatorial_coordinates.right_ascension -
+              moon_apparent_equatorial_coordinates.right_ascension
+            ).cos
+        )
+
+        term1 = sun.earth_distance.km * geocentric_elongation.sin
+        term2 = distance.km - sun.earth_distance.km * geocentric_elongation.cos
+        angle = Angle.atan(term1 / term2)
+        Astronoby::Util::Trigonometry
+          .adjustement_for_arctangent(term1, term2, angle)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @return [Float] Moon's illuminated fraction
+    def illuminated_fraction
+      @illuminated_fraction ||= (1 + phase_angle.cos) / 2
+    end
+
+    # @param observer [Astronoby::Observer] Observer of the event
+    # @return [Astronoby::Events::ObservationEvents] Moon's observation events
+    def observation_events(observer:)
+      today = @time.to_date
+      leap_seconds = Util::Time.terrestrial_universal_time_delta(today)
+      yesterday = today.prev_day
+      yesterday_midnight_terrestrial_time =
+        Time.utc(yesterday.year, yesterday.month, yesterday.day) - leap_seconds
+      today_midnight_terrestrial_time =
+        Time.utc(today.year, today.month, today.day) - leap_seconds
+      tomorrow = today.next_day
+      tomorrow_midnight_terrestrial_time =
+        Time.utc(tomorrow.year, tomorrow.month, tomorrow.day) - leap_seconds
+
+      coordinates_of_the_previous_day = self.class
+        .new(time: yesterday_midnight_terrestrial_time)
+        .apparent_equatorial_coordinates
+      coordinates_of_the_day = self.class
+        .new(time: today_midnight_terrestrial_time)
+        .apparent_equatorial_coordinates
+      coordinates_of_the_next_day = self.class
+        .new(time: tomorrow_midnight_terrestrial_time)
+        .apparent_equatorial_coordinates
+      additional_altitude = -Angle.from_degrees(
+        SEMIDIAMETER_VARIATION *
+          GeocentricParallax.angle(distance: distance).degrees
+      )
+
+      Events::ObservationEvents.new(
+        observer: observer,
+        date: today,
+        coordinates_of_the_previous_day: coordinates_of_the_previous_day,
+        coordinates_of_the_day: coordinates_of_the_day,
+        coordinates_of_the_next_day: coordinates_of_the_next_day,
+        additional_altitude: additional_altitude
+      )
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def terrestrial_time
+      @terrestrial_time ||= begin
+        delta = Util::Time.terrestrial_universal_time_delta(@time)
+        @time + delta
+      end
+    end
+
+    def julian_date
+      Epoch.from_time(terrestrial_time)
+    end
+
+    def elapsed_centuries
+      (julian_date - Epoch::DEFAULT_EPOCH) / Constants::DAYS_PER_JULIAN_CENTURY
+    end
+
+    def sun
+      @sun ||= Sun.new(time: @time)
+    end
+
+    def sun_mean_anomaly
+      @sun_mean_anomaly ||= sun.mean_anomaly
+    end
+
+    def a1
+      @a1 ||= Angle.from_degrees(
+        (119.75 + 131.849 * elapsed_centuries) % 360
+      )
+    end
+
+    def a2
+      @a2 ||= Angle.from_degrees(
+        (53.09 + 479264.290 * elapsed_centuries) % 360
+      )
+    end
+
+    def a3
+      @a3 ||= Angle.from_degrees(
+        (313.45 + 481266.484 * elapsed_centuries) % 360
+      )
+    end
+
+    def eccentricity_correction
+      @eccentricity_correction ||=
+        1 - 0.002516 * elapsed_centuries - 0.0000074 * elapsed_centuries**2
+    end
+
+    def latitude_terms
+      @latitude_terms ||=
+        Astronoby::EphemerideLunaireParisienne
+          .periodic_terms_for_moon_latitude
+          .inject(0) do |sum, terms|
+            value = terms[4] * Math.sin(
+              terms[0] * mean_elongation.radians +
+              terms[1] * sun_mean_anomaly.radians +
+              terms[2] * mean_anomaly.radians +
+              terms[3] * argument_of_latitude.radians
+            )
+
+            value *= eccentricity_correction if terms[1].abs == 1
+            value *= eccentricity_correction**2 if terms[1].abs == 2
+
+            sum + value
+          end
+    end
+
+    def additive_latitude_terms
+      @additive_latitude_terms ||=
+        -2235 * mean_longitude.sin +
+        382 * a3.sin +
+        175 * (a1 - argument_of_latitude).sin +
+        175 * (a1 + argument_of_latitude).sin +
+        127 * (mean_longitude - mean_anomaly).sin -
+        115 * (mean_longitude + mean_anomaly).sin
+    end
+
+    def longitude_terms
+      @longitude_terms ||=
+        Astronoby::EphemerideLunaireParisienne
+          .periodic_terms_for_moon_longitude_and_distance
+          .inject(0) do |sum, terms|
+            value = terms[4] * Math.sin(
+              terms[0] * mean_elongation.radians +
+              terms[1] * sun_mean_anomaly.radians +
+              terms[2] * mean_anomaly.radians +
+              terms[3] * argument_of_latitude.radians
+            )
+
+            value *= eccentricity_correction if terms[1].abs == 1
+            value *= eccentricity_correction**2 if terms[1].abs == 2
+
+            sum + value
+          end
+    end
+
+    def additive_longitude_terms
+      @additive_longitude_terms ||=
+        3958 * a1.sin +
+        1962 * (mean_longitude - argument_of_latitude).sin +
+        318 * a2.sin
+    end
+
+    def distance_terms
+      @distance_terms ||=
+        EphemerideLunaireParisienne
+          .periodic_terms_for_moon_longitude_and_distance
+          .inject(0) do |sum, terms|
+            value = terms[5] * Math.cos(
+              terms[0] * mean_elongation.radians +
+              terms[1] * sun_mean_anomaly.radians +
+              terms[2] * mean_anomaly.radians +
+              terms[3] * argument_of_latitude.radians
+            )
+
+            value *= eccentricity_correction if terms[1].abs == 1
+            value *= eccentricity_correction**2 if terms[1].abs == 2
+
+            sum + value
+          end
+    end
+
+    def nutation
+      @nutation ||=
+        Astronoby::Nutation.for_ecliptic_longitude(epoch: julian_date)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/astronoby/bodies/sun.rb

@@ -101,13 +101,12 @@ module Astronoby
 
     # Computes the Sun's horizontal coordinates
     #
-    # @param latitude [Astronoby::Angle] Latitude of the observer
-    # @param longitude [Astronoby::Angle] Longitude of the observer
+    # @param observer [Astronoby::Observer] Observer of the event
     # @return [Astronoby::Coordinates::Horizontal] Sun's horizontal coordinates
-    def horizontal_coordinates(latitude:, longitude:)
+    def horizontal_coordinates(observer:)
       apparent_ecliptic_coordinates
         .to_apparent_equatorial(epoch: epoch)
-        .to_horizontal(time: @time, latitude: latitude, longitude: longitude)
+        .to_horizontal(time: @time, observer: observer)
     end
 
     # @param observer [Astronoby::Observer] Observer of the event
@@ -156,9 +155,11 @@ module Astronoby
       Events::TwilightEvents.new(sun: self, observer: observer)
     end
 
-    # @return [Numeric] Earth-Sun distance in meters
+    # @return [Astronoby::Distance] Earth-Sun distance
     def earth_distance
-      SEMI_MAJOR_AXIS_IN_METERS / distance_angular_size_factor
+      Distance.from_meters(
+        SEMI_MAJOR_AXIS_IN_METERS / distance_angular_size_factor
+      )
     end
 
     # @return [Astronoby::Angle] Apparent Sun's angular size
@@ -186,6 +187,14 @@ module Astronoby
       )
     end
 
+    # @return [Astronoby::Angle] Sun's mean anomaly
+    def mean_anomaly
+      Angle.from_degrees(
+        (longitude_at_base_epoch - longitude_at_perigee).degrees %
+          Constants::DEGREES_PER_CIRCLE
+      )
+    end
+
     # @return [Astronoby::Angle] Sun's longitude at perigee
     def longitude_at_perigee
       Angle.from_degrees(
@@ -211,13 +220,6 @@ module Astronoby
       )
     end
 
-    def mean_anomaly
-      Angle.from_degrees(
-        (longitude_at_base_epoch - longitude_at_perigee).degrees %
-          Constants::DEGREES_PER_CIRCLE
-      )
-    end
-
     def days_since_epoch
       Epoch::DEFAULT_EPOCH - epoch
     end

data/lib/astronoby/constants.rb

@@ -21,5 +21,11 @@ module Astronoby
     PI_IN_DEGREES = 180.0
 
     EQUATION_OF_TIME_CONSTANT = 0.0057183
+
+    KILOMETER_IN_METERS = 1_000
+    ASTRONOMICAL_UNIT_IN_METERS = 149_597_870_700
+    EARTH_EQUATORIAL_RADIUS_IN_METERS = 6378140
+
+    EARTH_FLATTENING_CORRECTION = 0.996647
   end
 end

data/lib/astronoby/coordinates/equatorial.rb

@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@ module Astronoby
         Angle.from_hours(ha)
       end
 
-      def to_horizontal(time:, latitude:, longitude:)
+      def to_horizontal(time:, observer:)
+        latitude = observer.latitude
+        longitude = observer.longitude
         ha = @hour_angle || compute_hour_angle(time: time, longitude: longitude)
         t0 = @declination.sin * latitude.sin +
           @declination.cos * latitude.cos * ha.cos
@@ -46,8 +48,7 @@ module Astronoby
         Horizontal.new(
           azimuth: azimuth,
           altitude: altitude,
-          latitude: latitude,
-          longitude: longitude
+          observer: observer
         )
       end