aspose_pdf_cloud 18.6.0 → 18.7.0
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- checksums.yaml +4 -4
- data/LICENSE +1 -1
- data/README.md +4 -4
- data/aspose_pdf_cloud.gemspec +49 -49
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud.rb +145 -145
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/api/pdf_api.rb +11705 -10569
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/api_client.rb +60 -6
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/api_error.rb +47 -47
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/configuration.rb +185 -185
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/annotation.rb +260 -260
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/annotation_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/annotations.rb +211 -211
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/annotations_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/antialiasing_processing_type.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/append_document.rb +228 -228
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/attachment.rb +270 -270
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/attachment_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/attachments.rb +211 -211
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/attachments_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/color.rb +244 -244
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/color_depth.rb +45 -45
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/compression_type.rb +46 -46
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/doc_format.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/doc_recognition_mode.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document.rb +220 -220
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document_pages_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document_privilege.rb +298 -298
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document_properties.rb +211 -211
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document_properties_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document_property.rb +227 -227
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document_property_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document_response.rb +233 -233
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/document_text_replace_response.rb +231 -231
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/epub_recognition_mode.rb +44 -44
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/field.rb +254 -254
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/field_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/field_type.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/fields.rb +211 -211
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/fields_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/font_encoding_rules.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/font_saving_modes.rb +45 -45
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/font_styles.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/horizontal_alignment.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/html_document_type.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/html_markup_generation_modes.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/http_status_code.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/image.rb +220 -220
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/image_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/image_src_type.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/image_template.rb +281 -281
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/image_templates_request.rb +230 -230
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/images.rb +211 -211
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/images_list_request.rb +205 -205
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/images_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/letters_positioning_methods.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/line_spacing.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/link.rb +228 -228
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/link_action_type.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/link_annotation.rb +236 -236
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/link_annotation_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/link_annotations.rb +211 -211
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/link_annotations_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/link_element.rb +200 -200
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/link_highlighting_mode.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/margin_info.rb +244 -244
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/merge_documents.rb +200 -200
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/optimize_options.rb +293 -293
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/page.rb +228 -228
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/page_text_replace_response.rb +231 -231
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/page_word_count.rb +218 -218
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/pages.rb +211 -211
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/paragraph.rb +303 -303
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/parts_embedding_modes.rb +44 -44
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/pdf_a_type.rb +43 -43
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/raster_images_saving_modes.rb +44 -44
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/rectangle.rb +244 -244
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/rotation.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/saa_spose_response.rb +213 -213
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/segment.rb +206 -206
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/shape_type.rb +44 -44
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/signature.rb +333 -333
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/signature_type.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/signature_verify_response.rb +223 -223
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/split_result.rb +200 -200
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/split_result_document.rb +238 -238
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/split_result_response.rb +223 -223
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/stamp.rb +413 -413
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/stamp_type.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_format.rb +227 -227
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_format_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_horizontal_alignment.rb +47 -47
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_item.rb +218 -218
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_item_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_items.rb +211 -211
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_items_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_line.rb +210 -210
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_rect.rb +220 -220
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_rects.rb +199 -199
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_rects_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_replace.rb +253 -253
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_replace_list_request.rb +232 -232
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_replace_request.rb +262 -262
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_replace_response.rb +222 -222
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/text_state.rb +248 -248
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/tiff_export_options.rb +348 -348
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/vertical_alignment.rb +45 -45
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/word_count.rb +199 -199
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/word_count_response.rb +223 -223
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/models/wrap_mode.rb +44 -44
- data/lib/aspose_pdf_cloud/version.rb +24 -24
- data/test/pdf_tests.rb +3 -3
- data/test_data/.gitattributes +1 -0
- data/test_data/TexExample.tex +304 -304
- metadata +13 -12
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=begin
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Copyright (c) 2018 Aspose.
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
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copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
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SOFTWARE.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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=end
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module AsposePdfCloud
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VERSION = "18.
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end
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=begin
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Copyright (c) 2018 Aspose.PDF Cloud
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
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copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
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SOFTWARE.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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=end
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module AsposePdfCloud
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VERSION = "18.7.0"
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end
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data/test/pdf_tests.rb
CHANGED
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=begin
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Copyright (c) 2018 Aspose.
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Copyright (c) 2018 Aspose.PDF Cloud
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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def test_put_pdf_in_storage_to_html
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file_name = '4pages.pdf'
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upload_file(file_name)
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res_file = 'result.
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res_file = 'result.zip'
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opts = {
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:folder => @temp_folder
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def test_put_pdf_in_request_to_html
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file_name = '4pages.pdf'
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res_file = 'result.
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opts = {
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:file => File.open(@test_data_folder + file_name, 'r') { |io| io.read(io.size) }
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*.mht -crlf -diff
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data/test_data/TexExample.tex
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%% Introduction to latex facilities.
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%% Sat 31 Dec 2005
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%% Stephen Eglen.
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%% Text following a percent sign (%) until the end of line is treated
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%% as a comment.
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\documentclass{article}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% This section is called the preamble, where we can specify which
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%% latex packages we required. Most (but not of all) of the packages
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%% below should be fairly standard in most latex documents. The
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%% exception is xspace and the new \latex command, which you probably
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%% do not need.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Better math support:
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\usepackage{amsmath}
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%% Bibliography style:
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\usepackage{mathptmx} % Use the Times font.
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\usepackage{graphicx} % Needed for including graphics.
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\usepackage{url} % Facility for activating URLs.
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%% Set the paper size to be A4, with a 2cm margin
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%% all around the page.
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\usepackage[a4paper,margin=2cm]{geometry}
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%% Natbib is a popular style for formatting references.
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\usepackage{natbib}
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%% bibpunct sets the punctuation used for formatting citations.
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\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}
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%% textcomp provides extra control sequences for accessing text symbols:
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\usepackage{textcomp}
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\newcommand*{\micro}{\textmu}
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%% Here, we define the \micro command to print a text "mu".
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%% "\newcommand" returns an error if "\micro" is already defined.
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%% This is an example of a new macro that I've created to save me
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%% having to type \LaTeX each time. The xspace command provides space
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%% after the word LaTeX where appropriate.
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\usepackage{xspace}
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\providecommand*{\latex}{\LaTeX\xspace}
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%% "\providecommand" does nothing if "\latex" is already defined.
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%% Start of the document.
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\begin{document}
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\author{Stephen J. Eglen\\
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Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics\\
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University of Cambridge\\
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Wilberforce Road\\
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Cambridge CB3 0WA U.K.}
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\date{\today}
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\title{A short example of how to use \latex for scientific reports}
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\maketitle
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\begin{abstract}
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The purpose of this short document is to provide a brief overview of
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the facilities that \latex offers for formatting scientific reports.
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Furthermore, the source files for regenerating this report are
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freely available so that users can easily start writing their own
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reports using \latex.
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\end{abstract}
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\section{Introduction}
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\latex is a typesetting program; given an input file with formatting
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instructions (e.g intro.tex), the program will create your document in
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one of several formats (DVI, Postscript or PDF). It is therefore not
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a WYSIWYG word processor. \latex is known as a logical markup
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language, similar for example to HTML, so that you describe a piece of
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text as a ``section heading'' rather than saying that it should be
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formatted in a certain way. It has excellent facilities for
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typesetting mathematics, and handles large documents (such as theses)
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well. The aim of this document is not to provide an overview of
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\latex, since many other guides have already been written (see
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Section~\ref{sec:summary}). Instead, it has been written primarily to
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provide simple workable examples that you can cut and paste to help
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you get started with \latex. The examples have been selected to be
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those most likely to be useful when writing a scientific report. This
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document is best read by comparing the source code with the resulting
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output.
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\section{Running \latex}
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The files to accompany this paper are at:
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\url{http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/eglen/texintro}. Get the
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following files and put them into a new directory.
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item \url{intro.tex}: the main \latex document.
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\item \url{example.bib}: a short bibliography.
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\item \url{sigmoid.ps}: example postscript image.
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\item \url{sigmoid.pdf}: example PDF image.
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\end{enumerate}
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Change directory to where you stored the files and type the
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following (ignoring comments placed after \#\#):
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\begin{verbatim}
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latex intro ## Run latex 1st time.
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bibtex intro ## Extract required references
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latex intro ## Run latex 2nd to resolve references.
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latex intro ## Probably need to run latex a 3rd time.
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xdvi intro ## View the DVI (device independent) file.
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dvips -o intro.ps intro ## Create a postscript file for printing.
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\end{verbatim}
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You will notice that you run latex several times here; this is so that
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references can be resolved, and references can be extracted from your
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bibtex file. After running latex, you will be told if you need to run
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it again to resolve references. After a while, you will get the idea
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of how many times you need to run latex to resolve all your
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references.
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If instead you would like to generate PDF files (see
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Section~\ref{sec:graphics} for a discussion of file formats for
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included images), you can try the following shorter sequence:
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\begin{verbatim}
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pdflatex intro
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bibtex intro
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pdflatex intro
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pdflatex intro
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xpdf intro.pdf ## View the resulting PDF
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\end{verbatim}
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Whether you prefer to generate DVI or PDF is up to you. The xdvi
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viewer has some nice features, such as it can reload your document
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easily and has a ``magnifying glass'' that is activated by the mouse.
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On the other hand, xpdf will display the document more accurately as
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it will be printed.
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\section{Tables}
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Tables are relatively straightforward to generate. Note that tables
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and figures are not always placed exactly where you wish, as
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they can \textit{float} to other parts of the document. Rather than
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trying to battle with \latex as to where they are placed, concentrate
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first on getting the right content and let \latex worry about the
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positioning. Instead, use labels to your tables to refer to them.
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See Table~\ref{tab:simple} and Table~\ref{tab:pars} for examples.
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\begin{table}
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\centering
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\begin{tabular}{ccc}
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year & min temp (\textdegree C) & max temp (\textdegree C)\\
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\hline
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1970 & $-5$ & 35\\
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1975 & $-7$ & 29\\
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1980 & $-3$ & 30\\
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1985 & $-2$ & 32\\
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\caption{Fictional minimal and maximal temperatures recorded in
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%% Hint: consider the difference between "-" in text and in math.
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\begin{tabular}{lccc}\\ \hline
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& \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\phi$ (\micro m)}
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& \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\alpha$}
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& $\delta_{12}$ (\micro m)\\ \hline
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W81S1\\
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$h_{11}(u)$ & 67.94 & 7.81\\
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$h_{22}(u)$ & 66.27 & 5.40\\
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$h_{12}(u)$ & & &18\\
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\hline
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M623\\
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$h_{11}(u)$ &112.79 & 3.05\\
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$h_{22}(u)$ & 65.46 & 8.11\\
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$h_{12}(u)$ & & &20\\
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\hline
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\caption{Summary of parameter estimates for the univariate
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functions $h_{11}(u)$, $h_{22}(u)$ and the bivariate function
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$h_{12}(u)$. For the univariate fits, $\alpha$ and $\phi$ are
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least-square estimates (assuming $\delta$ was fixed at 15 \micro m).
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The final column gives the
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maximum likelihood estimate of $\delta_{12}$ assuming that the
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interaction between types is simple inhibition.
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\label{tab:pars}}
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\section{Bibliography management}
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Scientific reports normally require a section where your references
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are listed. Bibtex is an excellent system for maintaining references,
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especially for large documents. Each reference needs a unique key;
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you can then refer to the reference in your \latex document by using
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this key within a cite command.
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Take care when formatting your references, especially when it comes to
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writing authors names and the case of letters in journal titles. In
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our examples, the files are found in \url{example.bib}. As an example
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of a citation, see \citep{ihaka1996} or \citep{ihaka1996,venables1999}.
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Bibtex is flexible enough to format your references in a wide number
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of different styles to suit your needs. In this file I have used the
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``natbib'' package, which is suitable for the natural sciences.
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Depending on the type of cite command you get (and the package that
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you use for citations), you can get different styles of citation. See
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Table~\ref{tab:cite} for some examples.
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\begin{table}
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\centering
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\hline
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command & result\\ \hline
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\verb+\citep{ihaka1996}+ & \citep{ihaka1996}\\
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\verb+\citet{ihaka1996}+ & \citet{ihaka1996}\\
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\verb+\citep[see][p. 300]{ihaka1996}+ &
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\citep[see][p. 300]{ihaka1996}
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\\
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\verb+\citeauthor{ihaka1996}+ & \citeauthor{ihaka1996}
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\\
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\verb+\citeyear{ihaka1996}+ & \citeyear{ihaka1996}
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\\
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\hline
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\end{tabular}
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\caption{Examples of different citation commands available in the
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natbib package.}
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\label{tab:cite}
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\section{Graphics}
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\label{sec:graphics}
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\latex can include images in one of several format, depending on
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whether you use latex (postscript format required) or pdflatex (either
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jpeg, png or pdf required). Figures can be included either at their
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natural size, or you can specify e.g. the figure width.
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Figure~\ref{fig:example} shows an example image which intentionally
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looks slightly different depending on whether you compile the document
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with latex or pdflatex. Note that in this example the suffix of the
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image file is not included so that this document compiles under both
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latex and pdflatex.
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\begin{figure}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=6cm]{sigmoid}
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\caption{Example of a sigmoidal curve generated by the R programming
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environment. The title above the curve indicates whether you have
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included the postscript or the pdf version of the figure.}
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\label{fig:example}
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\end{figure}
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\section{Mathematics}
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\latex can format mathematics with ease, either in line, such as
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$x \times y$, or on separate lines, such as:
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\[ x^2 +y^2 = z^2 \]
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If you are writing several lines of equations, you can use statements
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like the following:
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\begin{align}
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b(t) & = s(t) - \int_{0}^{T} a(t') \cdot i(T-t') dt'
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\\
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a(t) & = \int_{0}^{T} b(t) \cdot e(T-t') dt' \label{eq:am}
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\\
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g(t) & = b(t) \ast e(t) \nonumber
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\end{align}
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By using labels on certain equations, we can refer to equations by
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number, such as equation~(\ref{eq:am}).
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\section{Summary}
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\label{sec:summary}
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This short guide should give you a flavour of what can be done with
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\latex. It is by no means complete, or supposed to be
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self-explanatory. It is, however, hopefully enough to get you
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started! Try experimenting by editing the source file and then
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recompiling this document. As mentioned earlier, there are many
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guides for latex. Two that I can recommend are
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\url{http://www.andy-roberts.net/misc/latex/index.html} and
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`` The (Not So) Short Introduction to LaTeX2e''
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(\url{http://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/info/lshort/english/lshort.pdf}).
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Finally we specify the format required for our references and the
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%% name of the bibtex file where our references should be taken from.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\bibliographystyle{plainnat}
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\bibliography{example}
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\end{document}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% The end.
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%% Introduction to latex facilities.
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%% Sat 31 Dec 2005
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%% Stephen Eglen.
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%% Text following a percent sign (%) until the end of line is treated
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%% as a comment.
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\documentclass{article}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% This section is called the preamble, where we can specify which
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%% latex packages we required. Most (but not of all) of the packages
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%% below should be fairly standard in most latex documents. The
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%% exception is xspace and the new \latex command, which you probably
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%% do not need.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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+
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%% Better math support:
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\usepackage{amsmath}
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%% Bibliography style:
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\usepackage{mathptmx} % Use the Times font.
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\usepackage{graphicx} % Needed for including graphics.
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\usepackage{url} % Facility for activating URLs.
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%% Set the paper size to be A4, with a 2cm margin
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%% all around the page.
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\usepackage[a4paper,margin=2cm]{geometry}
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+
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%% Natbib is a popular style for formatting references.
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\usepackage{natbib}
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%% bibpunct sets the punctuation used for formatting citations.
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\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{a}{,}{,}
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%% textcomp provides extra control sequences for accessing text symbols:
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\usepackage{textcomp}
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\newcommand*{\micro}{\textmu}
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%% Here, we define the \micro command to print a text "mu".
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%% "\newcommand" returns an error if "\micro" is already defined.
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+
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%% This is an example of a new macro that I've created to save me
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%% having to type \LaTeX each time. The xspace command provides space
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%% after the word LaTeX where appropriate.
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\usepackage{xspace}
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\providecommand*{\latex}{\LaTeX\xspace}
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%% "\providecommand" does nothing if "\latex" is already defined.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Start of the document.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{document}
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\author{Stephen J. Eglen\\
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Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics\\
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+
University of Cambridge\\
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+
Wilberforce Road\\
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Cambridge CB3 0WA U.K.}
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\date{\today}
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\title{A short example of how to use \latex for scientific reports}
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\maketitle
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\begin{abstract}
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The purpose of this short document is to provide a brief overview of
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the facilities that \latex offers for formatting scientific reports.
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Furthermore, the source files for regenerating this report are
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freely available so that users can easily start writing their own
|
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reports using \latex.
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\end{abstract}
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\section{Introduction}
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\latex is a typesetting program; given an input file with formatting
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instructions (e.g intro.tex), the program will create your document in
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one of several formats (DVI, Postscript or PDF). It is therefore not
|
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a WYSIWYG word processor. \latex is known as a logical markup
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language, similar for example to HTML, so that you describe a piece of
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text as a ``section heading'' rather than saying that it should be
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formatted in a certain way. It has excellent facilities for
|
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typesetting mathematics, and handles large documents (such as theses)
|
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+
well. The aim of this document is not to provide an overview of
|
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\latex, since many other guides have already been written (see
|
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Section~\ref{sec:summary}). Instead, it has been written primarily to
|
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+
provide simple workable examples that you can cut and paste to help
|
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|
+
you get started with \latex. The examples have been selected to be
|
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those most likely to be useful when writing a scientific report. This
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document is best read by comparing the source code with the resulting
|
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output.
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\section{Running \latex}
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The files to accompany this paper are at:
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\url{http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/eglen/texintro}. Get the
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+
following files and put them into a new directory.
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+
|
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item \url{intro.tex}: the main \latex document.
|
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\item \url{example.bib}: a short bibliography.
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\item \url{sigmoid.ps}: example postscript image.
|
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\item \url{sigmoid.pdf}: example PDF image.
|
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|
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\end{enumerate}
|
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|
+
|
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|
+
Change directory to where you stored the files and type the
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following (ignoring comments placed after \#\#):
|
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+
|
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\begin{verbatim}
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latex intro ## Run latex 1st time.
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bibtex intro ## Extract required references
|
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|
+
latex intro ## Run latex 2nd to resolve references.
|
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|
+
latex intro ## Probably need to run latex a 3rd time.
|
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xdvi intro ## View the DVI (device independent) file.
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dvips -o intro.ps intro ## Create a postscript file for printing.
|
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\end{verbatim}
|
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|
+
|
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|
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You will notice that you run latex several times here; this is so that
|
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references can be resolved, and references can be extracted from your
|
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bibtex file. After running latex, you will be told if you need to run
|
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it again to resolve references. After a while, you will get the idea
|
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|
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of how many times you need to run latex to resolve all your
|
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references.
|
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+
|
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|
+
If instead you would like to generate PDF files (see
|
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Section~\ref{sec:graphics} for a discussion of file formats for
|
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|
+
included images), you can try the following shorter sequence:
|
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|
+
|
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|
+
\begin{verbatim}
|
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|
+
pdflatex intro
|
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|
+
bibtex intro
|
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|
+
pdflatex intro
|
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|
+
pdflatex intro
|
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|
+
xpdf intro.pdf ## View the resulting PDF
|
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|
+
\end{verbatim}
|
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|
+
|
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|
+
Whether you prefer to generate DVI or PDF is up to you. The xdvi
|
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|
+
viewer has some nice features, such as it can reload your document
|
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|
+
easily and has a ``magnifying glass'' that is activated by the mouse.
|
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|
+
On the other hand, xpdf will display the document more accurately as
|
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|
+
it will be printed.
|
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|
+
|
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|
+
\section{Tables}
|
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+
|
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|
+
Tables are relatively straightforward to generate. Note that tables
|
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+
and figures are not always placed exactly where you wish, as
|
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|
+
they can \textit{float} to other parts of the document. Rather than
|
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|
+
trying to battle with \latex as to where they are placed, concentrate
|
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|
+
first on getting the right content and let \latex worry about the
|
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|
+
positioning. Instead, use labels to your tables to refer to them.
|
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|
+
See Table~\ref{tab:simple} and Table~\ref{tab:pars} for examples.
|
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|
+
|
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|
+
\begin{table}
|
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|
+
\centering
|
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|
+
\begin{tabular}{ccc}
|
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|
+
year & min temp (\textdegree C) & max temp (\textdegree C)\\
|
155
|
+
\hline
|
156
|
+
1970 & $-5$ & 35\\
|
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|
+
1975 & $-7$ & 29\\
|
158
|
+
1980 & $-3$ & 30\\
|
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|
+
1985 & $-2$ & 32\\
|
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|
+
\end{tabular}
|
161
|
+
\caption{Fictional minimal and maximal temperatures recorded in
|
162
|
+
Cambridge over several years.}
|
163
|
+
\label{tab:simple}
|
164
|
+
\end{table}
|
165
|
+
%% Why are the negative numbers above enclosed in math mode?
|
166
|
+
%% Hint: consider the difference between "-" in text and in math.
|
167
|
+
|
168
|
+
\begin{table}[htbp]
|
169
|
+
\centering
|
170
|
+
\begin{tabular}{lccc}\\ \hline
|
171
|
+
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\phi$ (\micro m)}
|
172
|
+
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{$\alpha$}
|
173
|
+
& $\delta_{12}$ (\micro m)\\ \hline
|
174
|
+
W81S1\\
|
175
|
+
$h_{11}(u)$ & 67.94 & 7.81\\
|
176
|
+
$h_{22}(u)$ & 66.27 & 5.40\\
|
177
|
+
$h_{12}(u)$ & & &18\\
|
178
|
+
\hline
|
179
|
+
M623\\
|
180
|
+
$h_{11}(u)$ &112.79 & 3.05\\
|
181
|
+
$h_{22}(u)$ & 65.46 & 8.11\\
|
182
|
+
$h_{12}(u)$ & & &20\\
|
183
|
+
\hline
|
184
|
+
\end{tabular}
|
185
|
+
\caption{Summary of parameter estimates for the univariate
|
186
|
+
functions $h_{11}(u)$, $h_{22}(u)$ and the bivariate function
|
187
|
+
$h_{12}(u)$. For the univariate fits, $\alpha$ and $\phi$ are
|
188
|
+
least-square estimates (assuming $\delta$ was fixed at 15 \micro m).
|
189
|
+
The final column gives the
|
190
|
+
maximum likelihood estimate of $\delta_{12}$ assuming that the
|
191
|
+
interaction between types is simple inhibition.
|
192
|
+
\label{tab:pars}}
|
193
|
+
\end{table}
|
194
|
+
|
195
|
+
|
196
|
+
\section{Bibliography management}
|
197
|
+
|
198
|
+
Scientific reports normally require a section where your references
|
199
|
+
are listed. Bibtex is an excellent system for maintaining references,
|
200
|
+
especially for large documents. Each reference needs a unique key;
|
201
|
+
you can then refer to the reference in your \latex document by using
|
202
|
+
this key within a cite command.
|
203
|
+
|
204
|
+
Take care when formatting your references, especially when it comes to
|
205
|
+
writing authors names and the case of letters in journal titles. In
|
206
|
+
our examples, the files are found in \url{example.bib}. As an example
|
207
|
+
of a citation, see \citep{ihaka1996} or \citep{ihaka1996,venables1999}.
|
208
|
+
|
209
|
+
Bibtex is flexible enough to format your references in a wide number
|
210
|
+
of different styles to suit your needs. In this file I have used the
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``natbib'' package, which is suitable for the natural sciences.
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Depending on the type of cite command you get (and the package that
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you use for citations), you can get different styles of citation. See
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Table~\ref{tab:cite} for some examples.
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\begin{table}
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\centering
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\begin{tabular}{ll}
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\hline
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command & result\\ \hline
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\verb+\citep{ihaka1996}+ & \citep{ihaka1996}\\
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\verb+\citet{ihaka1996}+ & \citet{ihaka1996}\\
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\verb+\citep[see][p. 300]{ihaka1996}+ &
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\citep[see][p. 300]{ihaka1996}
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\\
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\verb+\citeauthor{ihaka1996}+ & \citeauthor{ihaka1996}
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\\
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\verb+\citeyear{ihaka1996}+ & \citeyear{ihaka1996}
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\\
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\hline
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\end{tabular}
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\caption{Examples of different citation commands available in the
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natbib package.}
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\label{tab:cite}
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\end{table}
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+
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\section{Graphics}
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\label{sec:graphics}
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+
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\latex can include images in one of several format, depending on
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whether you use latex (postscript format required) or pdflatex (either
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jpeg, png or pdf required). Figures can be included either at their
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natural size, or you can specify e.g. the figure width.
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Figure~\ref{fig:example} shows an example image which intentionally
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looks slightly different depending on whether you compile the document
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with latex or pdflatex. Note that in this example the suffix of the
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image file is not included so that this document compiles under both
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latex and pdflatex.
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+
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\begin{figure}
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=6cm]{sigmoid}
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\caption{Example of a sigmoidal curve generated by the R programming
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environment. The title above the curve indicates whether you have
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included the postscript or the pdf version of the figure.}
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\label{fig:example}
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\end{figure}
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+
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\section{Mathematics}
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+
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\latex can format mathematics with ease, either in line, such as
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$x \times y$, or on separate lines, such as:
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\[ x^2 +y^2 = z^2 \]
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+
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If you are writing several lines of equations, you can use statements
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like the following:
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+
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\begin{align}
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b(t) & = s(t) - \int_{0}^{T} a(t') \cdot i(T-t') dt'
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\\
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a(t) & = \int_{0}^{T} b(t) \cdot e(T-t') dt' \label{eq:am}
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\\
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g(t) & = b(t) \ast e(t) \nonumber
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\end{align}
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By using labels on certain equations, we can refer to equations by
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number, such as equation~(\ref{eq:am}).
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\section{Summary}
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\label{sec:summary}
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This short guide should give you a flavour of what can be done with
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\latex. It is by no means complete, or supposed to be
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self-explanatory. It is, however, hopefully enough to get you
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started! Try experimenting by editing the source file and then
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recompiling this document. As mentioned earlier, there are many
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guides for latex. Two that I can recommend are
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\url{http://www.andy-roberts.net/misc/latex/index.html} and
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`` The (Not So) Short Introduction to LaTeX2e''
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(\url{http://ctan.tug.org/tex-archive/info/lshort/english/lshort.pdf}).
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Finally we specify the format required for our references and the
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%% name of the bibtex file where our references should be taken from.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\bibliographystyle{plainnat}
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\bibliography{example}
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\end{document}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% The end.
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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