asciidoctor-latex 1.5.0.dev

data/try-out/click.adoc

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+== Click blocks
+
+{set:click_extras:include}
+
+
+Click blocks are like `env`-blocks, except that
+when you open a document, only the title,
+not the body of the block, is displayed.
+Click on the title to reveal the body;
+clicking again will return the body
+to its hidden sate.  Click blocks
+signal their presence by the blue
+color of the title.
+
+.Secret
+[click.message]
+--
+The path to wisdom is written on no
+secret map.
+--
+
+=== Homework
+
+Click blocks are useful for writing homework
+problems and study aids.
+
+[env.problem]
+--
+A 70 kg man had climbed onto a one-meter ledge
+at a rock-climbing school.  He was not careful,
+and so he slipped and fell.  How fast was he
+going when he landed on the ground?
+--
+
+[click.hint]
+--
+Find his potential energy before he slipped.
+That is the same as his kinetic energy
+when he landed.
+--
+
+[click.solution]
+--
+The man's potential energy is $V = mgh$,
+where $m$ is his mass, $g = 9.8$ is the acceleration
+of gravity,ahd $h$ is the height (1 meter).  All
+units are standard international.  One
+finds that his potential energy is 686 Joules.
+His kinetic energy is
+\[
+K  = \frac{1}{2} mv^2
+\]
+One finds that $v = 4.4 m/sec$, or aout 15 km/hr.
+--
+
+
+[env.problem]
+--
+When the man fell, the apple that he had carefully set
+on the ledge also fell.  How fast was
+it going when it hit hit the ground?
+--
+
+
+
+=== Problem sets
+
+Click blocks are useful for constructing problem sets.
+Here we give some mathematics problems.
+
+
+[env.problem]
+--
+Find the solutions to $2x +5y = 1$ and $7x - 3y = 30$.
+--
+
+[click.hint]
+--
+Use the first equation to solve for $y$.  Substitute
+into the second equation to get a equation in $x$ alone.
+--
+
+[click.advice]
+--
+If you work _slowly_ and _deliberately_, you can get
+this problem right on the first try.  Be sure to check your
+answer.
+--
+
+[click.solution]
+--
+$x = \frac{153}{41}$  and $y = -\frac{53}{41}$
+--
+
++++<br/>+++
+
+[env.problem]
+--
+Find the area under the graph of $y  = x^2$ between $x= 1$ and $x = 2$.
+--
+
+[click.solution]
+--
+\[
+  \int_1^2 x^2 dx = \left[  \frac{x^3}{3} \right]_1^2
+   = \frac{2^3}{3} - \frac{1^3}{3} = \frac{7}{3}
+\]
+--

data/try-out/code.adoc

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+
+_This section ilustrates the use of_ `[env.code]` _for
+listing code, of the_ `[env.equation]` _block for numbered
+equations,_ `[click.code]` _block for code listings
+that can be clicked on to reveal more text, and
+cross references to_ `[env]` blocks.
+
+== On code and computing square roots
+
+The problem of computing square roots was
+solved in Mesopotamia are 1700 BCE.  It is not
+know for sure what the method was, but it is
+likely the related to the one used in <<iter>>.
+
+
+[env.code#iter]
+--
+def iter(f, a, n)
+  n.times do
+    a = f.call(a)
+    puts a
+  end
+  return  a
+end
+--
+
+The purpose of the program is to repeatedly apply a function
+to an initial value, each time taking as input the
+output of the previous step.  Thus, if $a = 1$, $f(x)  = 2x$, an
+$n = 4$, we have the sequence $a = 1$, $f(1) = 2$, $f(2) = 4$,
+$f(4) = 8$, and $f(8) = 16$.  This is the sequence
+\[
+   1,\ 2,\ 4,\ 8,\ 16
+\]
+We comppute it using our program like this:
+[env.code]
+--
+irb> $double = lambda { |x| 2*x) }
+
+irb> iter($double, 1, 4)
+--
+Here is what we think the Babylonians did
+to compute the square root of 2.  Take an
+initial guess for the square root, say,
+$a = 1$.  Divide it into 2.  If you happened
+to have guessed exaclty right, the quotient
+would be the same as your guess.  If you
+guessed low, the quotient would be high.
+If you guessed low, the quotient would
+be high.  So take the average of
+$a$ and $2/a$ to get a better guess.
+And let's repeat this process in order
+to refine our guess still further.
+Computing by hand (which is always
+a good idea for starters) give the
+sequence
+\[
+  1,\ \frac{3}{2},\ \frac{9}{8}
+ \]
+But the work is beginnng to get tiresome, ad
+so we run our program with $a = 1$ and $n = 1$
+to get this (click on the blue text to reveal
+what is hidden).
+
+.Results
+[click.code%numbered]
+--
+irb> iter $g, 1.0, 6
+1.5
+1.4166666666666665
+1.4142156862745097
+1.4142135623746899
+1.414213562373095
+1.414213562373095
+=> 1.414213562373095
+--
+
+You can see that the sequence converges
+very rapidly to the square root of two:
+[env.equation]
+--
+\lim_{n\to\infty} a_n = \sqrt 2
+--
+This was good for the Babylonian
+scribes, who did all of their
+computations in base 60 with
+a stylus and a clay tablet!
+The "Babylonian method" is special case
+of Newton's metod for computing roots
+of an equation $f(x) = 0$.  The idea is
+to take an initial guess $a_0$, as above,
+then make it better.  We do this by
+constructing the tangent line to the
+graph if $f$ at $x = a_0$, then finding
+the point $a_1$ where the tangent line
+at $(a_0,f(a_0))$ intersects the $x$-axis.
+Using calculus to compute the slope
+of the tangent line, one obtains
+the function below for computing
+$\sqrt a$.
+[env.equation]
+--
+  g(x) = \frac{1}{2} \left( x + \frac{a}{x}  \right)
+--
+Iteration of this function, by hand, using
+<<iter>>, or by some other merhod,
+produces sequences which usually converge
+verty rapidly to a root.
+
+[env.exercise]
+--
+Consider the function $g(x)$ above.
+What are the solutions of $g(x) = x$?
+--
+
+[click.remark]
+--
+A point $p$ that satifies $g(p) = p$
+is called a *fixed point*.  Iteration
+of a function on such point results
+in the sequence $p, p, p, \ldots$.
+--

data/try-out/env.adoc

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+:numbered:
+
+== Using the env block
+
+
+The `env` block gives a very general way of creating
+LaTeX-style environments with Asciidoctor.  They
+will render properly in all output formats, e.g.,
+HTML and LaTeX.  We can
+make definitions with `[env.definition]` like this
+
+----
+[env.definition#def-point]
+--
+A point is that which has no breadth.
+--
+----
+
+It is rendered like this:
+
+[env.definition#def-point]
+--
+A point is that which has no breadth.
+--
+
+Here is another defnition.  Note that it is numbered
+automatically.
+
+[env.definition]
+--
+A line is the path of shortest length between two points.
+--
+
+We can create `env`-blocks at will: `[env.theorem]`, `[env.lemma]`, `[env.corollary]`,
+etc.  Asciidoctor does not have to be informed about them
+in advance if we are producing HTML.  If we want a joke environment,
+we can have it:
+
+
+[env.joke]
+--
+An engineer, a mathematician, and a philosopher met
+at a bar for a drink.  After a few beers, talk
+turned to the question of how best to understand
+the world ... (to be continued)
+--
+
+[env.objection]
+--
+Your honor, my client could not have committed the
+crime of which he is accused because he was
+confined to the state penitentary at the time
+that it occurred.  If it please the court, ...
+--
+
+== Variations
+
+A an `env`-block can optionally take a title:
+
+.Inadmissible testimony
+[env.objection]
+--
+Your honor, that testimony cannot be
+heard in this courtroom because it
+was obtained under duress and without
+informing my client of his rights.
+--
+
+Here is how it is done:
+
+----
+.Inadmissible testimony
+[env.objection]
+--
+Your honor, that testimony cannot be
+heard in this courtroom because it
+was obtained under duress and without
+informing my client of his rights.
+--
+----
+
+
+In addition, numbering, which is on by default,
+can be turned off on a per-item basis:
+
+.Improper procedure
+[env.objection%no-number]
+--
+Your honor, the physical evidence
+was not secured and was handled sloppily.
+We cannot be sure tha the items which
+the prosecution wishes to present here
+have any association with my client
+whatsoever.
+--
+
+The no-number option also applies
+when there is no title.
+
+[env.objection%no-number]
+--
+Your honor, the defense is speechless.
+The prosecution continues to present
+evidence which is inadmissbile. The
+defense calls for a consultation
+_in camera_.
+--
+
+== Cross-references
+
+I refer to <<def-point>>
+
+== Customizing LaTeX output for env blocks
+
+If the output is LaTeX, the situation is slightly different.
+As Asciidoctor converts a file, say `foo.adoc`, it generates
+a list of the environments it encounters
+and records them in a file `newEnvironments.tex`.  It
+has entries like this:
+----
+  \newtheorem{joke}{Joke}
+  \newtheorem{objection}{Objection}
+----
+It also adds the command
+----
+  \input newEnvironments.tex
+----
+to the preamble of `foo.tex`.  Thus,
+when you run `xelatex foo.tex`,
+those environments will be defined
+and their occurence in the file
+`foo.tex` will not generate an
+error.  You can modify those
+definitions and put them
+in a file  named
+`myEnvironments.tex`. It will be used instead of
+`newEnvironments.tex`.  Nonethless,
+`newEnvironments.tex`. will be
+regnerated each time `asciidoctor` is run.

data/try-out/eq-latex.adoc

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+== Some Equations
+
+
+=== Number Theory
+
+The equation
+$a^2 + b^2 = c^2$ has infinitely many
+non-proportional integer solutions.
+The integer solutions of the equation
+\[
+  a^3 + b^3 = c^3
+\]
+are trivial: at least one entry is
+zero and the others are "obvious"
+
+=== Calculus
+
+A definite integral:
+\[
+  \int_0^1 x^n dx = \frac{1}{n}
+\]
+
+The fundamental theorem of calculus:
+\[
+   \frac{d}{dx} \int_a^x f(t) dt = f(x)
+ \]
+
+=== Linear algebra
+
+A matrix:
+\[
+M = \left[
+  \begin{array}{ c c }
+	 1 & 2 \\
+	 3 & 4
+  \end{array} \right]
+\]

data/try-out/eq-stem.adoc

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+== Some Equations
+
+
+=== Number Theory
+
+The equation
+stem:[a^2 + b^2 = c^2] has infinitely many
+non-proportional integer solutions.
+The integer solutions of the equation
+[stem]
+++++
+  a^3 + b^3 = c^3
+++++
+are trivial: at least one entry is
+zero and the others are "obvious"
+
+=== Calculus
+
+A definite integral:
+[stem]
+++++
+  \int_0^1 x^n dx = \frac{1}{n}
+++++
+
+The fundamental theorem of calculus:
+[stem]
+++++
+   \frac{d}{dx} \int_a^x f(t) dt = f(x)
+++++
+
+=== Linear algebra
+
+A matrix:
+[stem]
+++++
+M = \left[
+  \begin{array}{ c c }
+	 1 & 2 \\
+	 3 & 4
+  \end{array} \right]
+++++