angry_mob 0.1.0

data/vendor/json/README

@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+== json - JSON Implementation for Ruby
+
+=== Description
+
+This is a implementation of the JSON specification according to RFC 4627
+(http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4627.txt). Starting from version 1.0.0 on there
+will be two variants available:
+
+* A pure ruby variant, that relies on the iconv and the stringscan
+  extensions, which are both part of the ruby standard library.
+* The quite a bit faster C extension variant, which is in parts implemented
+  in C and comes with its own unicode conversion functions and a parser
+  generated by the ragel state machine compiler
+  (http://www.cs.queensu.ca/~thurston/ragel).
+
+Both variants of the JSON generator escape all non-ASCII and control characters
+with \uXXXX escape sequences, and support UTF-16 surrogate pairs in order to be
+able to generate the whole range of unicode code points. This means that
+generated JSON document is encoded as UTF-8 (because ASCII is a subset of
+UTF-8) and at the same time avoids decoding problems for receiving endpoints,
+that don't expect UTF-8 encoded texts. On the negative side this may lead to a
+bit longer strings than necessarry.
+
+All strings, that are to be encoded as JSON strings, should be UTF-8 byte
+sequences on the Ruby side. To encode raw binary strings, that aren't UTF-8
+encoded, please use the to_json_raw_object method of String (which produces
+an object, that contains a byte array) and decode the result on the receiving
+endpoint.
+
+The JSON parsers can parse UTF-8, UTF-16BE, UTF-16LE, UTF-32BE, and UTF-32LE
+JSON documents under Ruby 1.8. Under Ruby 1.9 they take advantage of Ruby's
+M17n features and can parse all documents which have the correct
+String#encoding set. If a document string has ASCII-8BIT as an encoding the
+parser attempts to figure out which of the UTF encodings from above it is and
+trys to parse it.
+
+=== Installation
+
+It's recommended to use the extension variant of JSON, because it's faster than
+the pure ruby variant. If you cannot build it on your system, you can settle
+for the latter.
+
+Just type into the command line as root:
+
+  # rake install
+
+The above command will build the extensions and install them on your system.
+
+  # rake install_pure
+
+or
+
+  # ruby install.rb
+
+will just install the pure ruby implementation of JSON.
+
+If you use Rubygems you can type
+
+  # gem install json
+
+instead, to install the newest JSON version.
+
+There is also a pure ruby json only variant of the gem, that can be installed
+with:
+
+  # gem install json_pure
+
+=== Compiling the extensions yourself
+
+If you want to build the extensions yourself you need rake:
+
+  You can get it from rubyforge:
+    http://rubyforge.org/projects/rake
+
+  or just type
+
+  # gem install rake
+
+  for the installation via rubygems.
+
+If you want to create the parser.c file from its parser.rl file or draw nice
+graphviz images of the state machines, you need ragel from: http://www.cs.queensu.ca/~thurston/ragel
+
+
+=== Usage
+
+To use JSON you can
+  require 'json'
+to load the installed variant (either the extension 'json' or the pure
+variant 'json_pure'). If you have installed the extension variant, you can
+pick either the extension variant or the pure variant by typing
+  require 'json/ext'
+or
+  require 'json/pure'
+
+Now you can parse a JSON document into a ruby data structure by calling
+
+  JSON.parse(document)
+
+If you want to generate a JSON document from a ruby data structure call
+  JSON.generate(data)
+
+You can also use the pretty_generate method (which formats the output more
+verbosely and nicely) or fast_generate (which doesn't do any of the security
+checks generate performs, e. g. nesting deepness checks).
+
+To create a valid JSON document you have to make sure, that the output is
+embedded in either a JSON array [] or a JSON object {}. The easiest way to do
+this, is by putting your values in a Ruby Array or Hash instance.
+
+There are also the JSON and JSON[] methods which use parse on a String or
+generate a JSON document from an array or hash:
+
+  document = JSON 'test'  => 23 # => "{\"test\":23}"
+  document = JSON['test'] => 23 # => "{\"test\":23}"
+
+and
+
+  data = JSON '{"test":23}'  # => {"test"=>23}
+  data = JSON['{"test":23}'] # => {"test"=>23}
+
+You can choose to load a set of common additions to ruby core's objects if
+you
+  require 'json/add/core'
+
+After requiring this you can, e. g., serialise/deserialise Ruby ranges:
+
+  JSON JSON(1..10) # => 1..10
+
+To find out how to add JSON support to other or your own classes, read the
+section "More Examples" below.
+
+To get the best compatibility to rails' JSON implementation, you can
+  require 'json/add/rails'
+
+Both of the additions attempt to require 'json' (like above) first, if it has
+not been required yet.
+
+=== More Examples
+
+To create a JSON document from a ruby data structure, you can call
+JSON.generate like that:
+
+ json = JSON.generate [1, 2, {"a"=>3.141}, false, true, nil, 4..10]
+ # => "[1,2,{\"a\":3.141},false,true,null,\"4..10\"]"
+
+To get back a ruby data structure from a JSON document, you have to call
+JSON.parse on it:
+
+ JSON.parse json
+ # => [1, 2, {"a"=>3.141}, false, true, nil, "4..10"]
+
+Note, that the range from the original data structure is a simple
+string now. The reason for this is, that JSON doesn't support ranges
+or arbitrary classes. In this case the json library falls back to call
+Object#to_json, which is the same as #to_s.to_json.
+
+It's possible to add JSON support serialization to arbitrary classes by
+simply implementing a more specialized version of the #to_json method, that
+should return a JSON object (a hash converted to JSON with #to_json) like
+this (don't forget the *a for all the arguments):
+
+ class Range
+   def to_json(*a)
+     {
+       'json_class'   => self.class.name, # = 'Range'
+       'data'         => [ first, last, exclude_end? ]
+     }.to_json(*a)
+   end
+ end
+
+The hash key 'json_class' is the class, that will be asked to deserialise the
+JSON representation later. In this case it's 'Range', but any namespace of
+the form 'A::B' or '::A::B' will do. All other keys are arbitrary and can be
+used to store the necessary data to configure the object to be deserialised.
+
+If a the key 'json_class' is found in a JSON object, the JSON parser checks
+if the given class responds to the json_create class method. If so, it is
+called with the JSON object converted to a Ruby hash. So a range can
+be deserialised by implementing Range.json_create like this:
+
+ class Range
+   def self.json_create(o)
+     new(*o['data'])
+   end
+ end
+
+Now it possible to serialise/deserialise ranges as well:
+
+ json = JSON.generate [1, 2, {"a"=>3.141}, false, true, nil, 4..10]
+ # => "[1,2,{\"a\":3.141},false,true,null,{\"json_class\":\"Range\",\"data\":[4,10,false]}]"
+ JSON.parse json
+ # => [1, 2, {"a"=>3.141}, false, true, nil, 4..10]
+
+JSON.generate always creates the shortest possible string representation of a
+ruby data structure in one line. This is good for data storage or network
+protocols, but not so good for humans to read. Fortunately there's also
+JSON.pretty_generate (or JSON.pretty_generate) that creates a more readable
+output:
+
+ puts JSON.pretty_generate([1, 2, {"a"=>3.141}, false, true, nil, 4..10])
+ [
+   1,
+   2,
+   {
+     "a": 3.141
+   },
+   false,
+   true,
+   null,
+   {
+     "json_class": "Range",
+     "data": [
+       4,
+       10,
+       false
+     ]
+   }
+ ]
+
+There are also the methods Kernel#j for generate, and Kernel#jj for
+pretty_generate output to the console, that work analogous to Core Ruby's p and
+the pp library's pp methods.
+
+The script tools/server.rb contains a small example if you want to test, how
+receiving a JSON object from a webrick server in your browser with the
+javasript prototype library (http://www.prototypejs.org) works.
+
+=== Speed Comparisons
+
+I have created some benchmark results (see the benchmarks/data-p4-3Ghz
+subdir of the package) for the JSON-parser to estimate the speed up in the C
+extension:
+
+ Comparing times (call_time_mean):
+  1 ParserBenchmarkExt#parser   900 repeats:
+        553.922304770 (  real) ->   21.500x 
+          0.001805307
+  2 ParserBenchmarkYAML#parser  1000 repeats:
+        224.513358139 (  real) ->    8.714x 
+          0.004454078
+  3 ParserBenchmarkPure#parser  1000 repeats:
+         26.755020642 (  real) ->    1.038x 
+          0.037376163
+  4 ParserBenchmarkRails#parser 1000 repeats:
+         25.763381731 (  real) ->    1.000x 
+          0.038814780
+            calls/sec (  time) ->    speed  covers
+            secs/call
+
+In the table above 1 is JSON::Ext::Parser, 2 is YAML.load with YAML
+compatbile JSON document, 3 is is JSON::Pure::Parser, and 4 is
+ActiveSupport::JSON.decode. The ActiveSupport JSON-decoder converts the
+input first to YAML and then uses the YAML-parser, the conversion seems to
+slow it down so much that it is only as fast as the JSON::Pure::Parser!
+
+If you look at the benchmark data you can see that this is mostly caused by
+the frequent high outliers - the median of the Rails-parser runs is still
+overall smaller than the median of the JSON::Pure::Parser runs:
+
+ Comparing times (call_time_median):
+  1 ParserBenchmarkExt#parser   900 repeats:
+        800.592479481 (  real) ->   26.936x 
+          0.001249075
+  2 ParserBenchmarkYAML#parser  1000 repeats:
+        271.002390644 (  real) ->    9.118x 
+          0.003690004
+  3 ParserBenchmarkRails#parser 1000 repeats:
+         30.227910865 (  real) ->    1.017x 
+          0.033082008
+  4 ParserBenchmarkPure#parser  1000 repeats:
+         29.722384421 (  real) ->    1.000x 
+          0.033644676
+            calls/sec (  time) ->    speed  covers
+            secs/call
+
+I have benchmarked the JSON-Generator as well. This generated a few more
+values, because there are different modes that also influence the achieved
+speed:
+
+ Comparing times (call_time_mean):
+  1 GeneratorBenchmarkExt#generator_fast    1000 repeats:
+        547.354332608 (  real) ->   15.090x 
+          0.001826970
+  2 GeneratorBenchmarkExt#generator_safe    1000 repeats:
+        443.968212317 (  real) ->   12.240x 
+          0.002252414
+  3 GeneratorBenchmarkExt#generator_pretty  900 repeats:
+        375.104545883 (  real) ->   10.341x 
+          0.002665923
+  4 GeneratorBenchmarkPure#generator_fast   1000 repeats:
+         49.978706968 (  real) ->    1.378x 
+          0.020008521
+  5 GeneratorBenchmarkRails#generator       1000 repeats:
+         38.531868759 (  real) ->    1.062x 
+          0.025952543
+  6 GeneratorBenchmarkPure#generator_safe   1000 repeats:
+         36.927649925 (  real) ->    1.018x 7 (>=3859)
+          0.027079979
+  7 GeneratorBenchmarkPure#generator_pretty 1000 repeats:
+         36.272134441 (  real) ->    1.000x 6 (>=3859)
+          0.027569373
+            calls/sec (  time) ->    speed  covers
+            secs/call
+
+In the table above 1-3 are JSON::Ext::Generator methods. 4, 6, and 7 are
+JSON::Pure::Generator methods and 5 is the Rails JSON generator. It is now a
+bit faster than the generator_safe and generator_pretty methods of the pure
+variant but slower than the others.
+
+To achieve the fastest JSON document output, you can use the fast_generate
+method. Beware, that this will disable the checking for circular Ruby data
+structures, which may cause JSON to go into an infinite loop.
+
+Here are the median comparisons for completeness' sake:
+
+ Comparing times (call_time_median):
+  1 GeneratorBenchmarkExt#generator_fast    1000 repeats:
+        708.258020939 (  real) ->   16.547x 
+          0.001411915
+  2 GeneratorBenchmarkExt#generator_safe    1000 repeats:
+        569.105020353 (  real) ->   13.296x 
+          0.001757145
+  3 GeneratorBenchmarkExt#generator_pretty  900 repeats:
+        482.825371244 (  real) ->   11.280x 
+          0.002071142
+  4 GeneratorBenchmarkPure#generator_fast   1000 repeats:
+         62.717626652 (  real) ->    1.465x 
+          0.015944481
+  5 GeneratorBenchmarkRails#generator       1000 repeats:
+         43.965681162 (  real) ->    1.027x 
+          0.022745013
+  6 GeneratorBenchmarkPure#generator_safe   1000 repeats:
+         43.929073409 (  real) ->    1.026x 7 (>=3859)
+          0.022763968
+  7 GeneratorBenchmarkPure#generator_pretty 1000 repeats:
+         42.802514491 (  real) ->    1.000x 6 (>=3859)
+          0.023363113
+            calls/sec (  time) ->    speed  covers
+            secs/call
+
+=== Author
+
+Florian Frank <mailto:flori@ping.de>
+
+=== License
+
+Ruby License, see the COPYING file included in the source distribution. The
+Ruby License includes the GNU General Public License (GPL), Version 2, so see
+the file GPL as well.
+
+=== Download
+
+The latest version of this library can be downloaded at
+
+* http://rubyforge.org/frs?group_id=953
+
+Online Documentation should be located at
+
+* http://json.rubyforge.org

data/vendor/json/lib/json/common.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
+require 'json/version'
+require 'iconv'
+
+module JSON
+  class << self
+    # If _object_ is string-like parse the string and return the parsed result
+    # as a Ruby data structure. Otherwise generate a JSON text from the Ruby
+    # data structure object and return it.
+    #
+    # The _opts_ argument is passed through to generate/parse respectively, see
+    # generate and parse for their documentation.
+    def [](object, opts = {})
+      if object.respond_to? :to_str
+        JSON.parse(object.to_str, opts => {})
+      else
+        JSON.generate(object, opts => {})
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns the JSON parser class, that is used by JSON. This might be either
+    # JSON::Ext::Parser or JSON::Pure::Parser.
+    attr_reader :parser
+
+    # Set the JSON parser class _parser_ to be used by JSON.
+    def parser=(parser) # :nodoc:
+      @parser = parser
+      remove_const :Parser if const_defined? :Parser
+      const_set :Parser, parser
+    end
+
+    # Return the constant located at _path_. The format of _path_ has to be
+    # either ::A::B::C or A::B::C. In any case A has to be located at the top
+    # level (absolute namespace path?). If there doesn't exist a constant at
+    # the given path, an ArgumentError is raised.
+    def deep_const_get(path) # :nodoc:
+      path = path.to_s
+      path.split(/::/).inject(Object) do |p, c|
+        case
+        when c.empty?             then p
+        when p.const_defined?(c)  then p.const_get(c)
+        else                      raise ArgumentError, "can't find const #{path}"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Set the module _generator_ to be used by JSON.
+    def generator=(generator) # :nodoc:
+      @generator = generator
+      generator_methods = generator::GeneratorMethods
+      for const in generator_methods.constants
+        klass = deep_const_get(const)
+        modul = generator_methods.const_get(const)
+        klass.class_eval do
+          instance_methods(false).each do |m|
+            m.to_s == 'to_json' and remove_method m
+          end
+          include modul
+        end
+      end
+      self.state = generator::State
+      const_set :State, self.state
+    end
+
+    # Returns the JSON generator modul, that is used by JSON. This might be
+    # either JSON::Ext::Generator or JSON::Pure::Generator.
+    attr_reader :generator
+
+    # Returns the JSON generator state class, that is used by JSON. This might
+    # be either JSON::Ext::Generator::State or JSON::Pure::Generator::State.
+    attr_accessor :state
+
+    # This is create identifier, that is used to decide, if the _json_create_
+    # hook of a class should be called. It defaults to 'json_class'.
+    attr_accessor :create_id
+  end
+  self.create_id = 'json_class'
+
+  NaN           = 0.0/0
+
+  Infinity      = 1.0/0
+
+  MinusInfinity = -Infinity
+
+  # The base exception for JSON errors.
+  class JSONError < StandardError; end
+
+  # This exception is raised, if a parser error occurs.
+  class ParserError < JSONError; end
+
+  # This exception is raised, if the nesting of parsed datastructures is too
+  # deep.
+  class NestingError < ParserError; end
+
+  # This exception is raised, if a generator or unparser error occurs.
+  class GeneratorError < JSONError; end
+  # For backwards compatibility
+  UnparserError = GeneratorError
+
+  # If a circular data structure is encountered while unparsing
+  # this exception is raised.
+  class CircularDatastructure < GeneratorError; end
+
+  # This exception is raised, if the required unicode support is missing on the
+  # system. Usually this means, that the iconv library is not installed.
+  class MissingUnicodeSupport < JSONError; end
+
+  module_function
+
+  # Parse the JSON document _source_ into a Ruby data structure and return it.
+  #
+  # _opts_ can have the following
+  # keys:
+  # * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the parsed data
+  #   structures. Disable depth checking with :max_nesting => false, it defaults
+  #   to 19.
+  # * *allow_nan*: If set to true, allow NaN, Infinity and -Infinity in
+  #   defiance of RFC 4627 to be parsed by the Parser. This option defaults
+  #   to false.
+  # * *create_additions*: If set to false, the Parser doesn't create
+  #   additions even if a matchin class and create_id was found. This option
+  #   defaults to true.
+  def parse(source, opts = {})
+    JSON.parser.new(source, opts).parse
+  end
+
+  # Parse the JSON document _source_ into a Ruby data structure and return it.
+  # The bang version of the parse method, defaults to the more dangerous values
+  # for the _opts_ hash, so be sure only to parse trusted _source_ documents.
+  #
+  # _opts_ can have the following keys:
+  # * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the parsed data
+  #   structures. Enable depth checking with :max_nesting => anInteger. The parse!
+  #   methods defaults to not doing max depth checking: This can be dangerous,
+  #   if someone wants to fill up your stack.
+  # * *allow_nan*: If set to true, allow NaN, Infinity, and -Infinity in
+  #   defiance of RFC 4627 to be parsed by the Parser. This option defaults
+  #   to true.
+  # * *create_additions*: If set to false, the Parser doesn't create
+  #   additions even if a matchin class and create_id was found. This option
+  #   defaults to true.
+  def parse!(source, opts = {})
+    opts = {
+      :max_nesting => false,
+      :allow_nan => true
+    }.update(opts)
+    JSON.parser.new(source, opts).parse
+  end
+
+  # Generate a JSON document from the Ruby data structure _obj_ and return
+  # it. _state_ is * a JSON::State object,
+  # * or a Hash like object (responding to to_hash),
+  # * an object convertible into a hash by a to_h method,
+  # that is used as or to configure a State object.
+  #
+  # It defaults to a state object, that creates the shortest possible JSON text
+  # in one line, checks for circular data structures and doesn't allow NaN,
+  # Infinity, and -Infinity.
+  #
+  # A _state_ hash can have the following keys:
+  # * *indent*: a string used to indent levels (default: ''),
+  # * *space*: a string that is put after, a : or , delimiter (default: ''),
+  # * *space_before*: a string that is put before a : pair delimiter (default: ''),
+  # * *object_nl*: a string that is put at the end of a JSON object (default: ''), 
+  # * *array_nl*: a string that is put at the end of a JSON array (default: ''),
+  # * *check_circular*: true if checking for circular data structures
+  #   should be done (the default), false otherwise.
+  # * *allow_nan*: true if NaN, Infinity, and -Infinity should be
+  #   generated, otherwise an exception is thrown, if these values are
+  #   encountered. This options defaults to false.
+  # * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the data
+  #   structures from which JSON is to be generated. Disable depth checking
+  #   with :max_nesting => false, it defaults to 19.
+  #
+  # See also the fast_generate for the fastest creation method with the least
+  # amount of sanity checks, and the pretty_generate method for some
+  # defaults for a pretty output.
+  def generate(obj, state = nil)
+    if state
+      state = State.from_state(state)
+    else
+      state = State.new
+    end
+    result = obj.to_json(state)
+    if result !~ /\A\s*(?:\[.*\]|\{.*\})\s*\Z/m
+      raise GeneratorError, "only generation of JSON objects or arrays allowed"
+    end
+    result
+  end
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and
+  # later delete them.
+  alias unparse generate
+  module_function :unparse
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  # Generate a JSON document from the Ruby data structure _obj_ and return it.
+  # This method disables the checks for circles in Ruby objects.
+  #
+  # *WARNING*: Be careful not to pass any Ruby data structures with circles as
+  # _obj_ argument, because this will cause JSON to go into an infinite loop.
+  def fast_generate(obj)
+    result = obj.to_json(nil)
+    if result !~ /\A(?:\[.*\]|\{.*\})\Z/
+      raise GeneratorError, "only generation of JSON objects or arrays allowed"
+    end
+    result
+  end
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and later delete them.
+  alias fast_unparse fast_generate
+  module_function :fast_unparse
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  # Generate a JSON document from the Ruby data structure _obj_ and return it.
+  # The returned document is a prettier form of the document returned by
+  # #unparse.
+  #
+  # The _opts_ argument can be used to configure the generator, see the
+  # generate method for a more detailed explanation.
+  def pretty_generate(obj, opts = nil)
+    state = JSON.state.new(
+      :indent     => '  ',
+      :space      => ' ',
+      :object_nl  => "\n",
+      :array_nl   => "\n",
+      :check_circular => true
+    )
+    if opts
+      if opts.respond_to? :to_hash
+        opts = opts.to_hash
+      elsif opts.respond_to? :to_h
+        opts = opts.to_h
+      else
+        raise TypeError, "can't convert #{opts.class} into Hash"
+      end
+      state.configure(opts)
+    end
+    result = obj.to_json(state)
+    if result !~ /\A\s*(?:\[.*\]|\{.*\})\s*\Z/m
+      raise GeneratorError, "only generation of JSON objects or arrays allowed"
+    end
+    result
+  end
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+  # I want to deprecate these later, so I'll first be silent about them, and later delete them.
+  alias pretty_unparse pretty_generate
+  module_function :pretty_unparse
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  # Load a ruby data structure from a JSON _source_ and return it. A source can
+  # either be a string-like object, an IO like object, or an object responding
+  # to the read method. If _proc_ was given, it will be called with any nested
+  # Ruby object as an argument recursively in depth first order.
+  #
+  # This method is part of the implementation of the load/dump interface of
+  # Marshal and YAML.
+  def load(source, proc = nil)
+    if source.respond_to? :to_str
+      source = source.to_str
+    elsif source.respond_to? :to_io
+      source = source.to_io.read
+    else
+      source = source.read
+    end
+    result = parse(source, :max_nesting => false, :allow_nan => true)
+    recurse_proc(result, &proc) if proc
+    result
+  end
+
+  def recurse_proc(result, &proc)
+    case result
+    when Array
+      result.each { |x| recurse_proc x, &proc }
+      proc.call result
+    when Hash
+      result.each { |x, y| recurse_proc x, &proc; recurse_proc y, &proc }
+      proc.call result
+    else
+      proc.call result
+    end
+  end
+
+  alias restore load
+  module_function :restore
+
+  # Dumps _obj_ as a JSON string, i.e. calls generate on the object and returns
+  # the result.
+  #
+  # If anIO (an IO like object or an object that responds to the write method)
+  # was given, the resulting JSON is written to it.
+  #
+  # If the number of nested arrays or objects exceeds _limit_ an ArgumentError
+  # exception is raised. This argument is similar (but not exactly the
+  # same!) to the _limit_ argument in Marshal.dump.
+  #
+  # This method is part of the implementation of the load/dump interface of
+  # Marshal and YAML.
+  def dump(obj, anIO = nil, limit = nil)
+    if anIO and limit.nil?
+      anIO = anIO.to_io if anIO.respond_to?(:to_io)
+      unless anIO.respond_to?(:write)
+        limit = anIO
+        anIO = nil
+      end
+    end
+    limit ||= 0
+    result = generate(obj, :allow_nan => true, :max_nesting => limit)
+    if anIO
+      anIO.write result
+      anIO
+    else
+      result
+    end
+  rescue JSON::NestingError
+    raise ArgumentError, "exceed depth limit"
+  end
+
+  # Shortuct for iconv.
+  def self.iconv(to, from, string)
+    Iconv.iconv(to, from, string).first
+  end
+end
+
+module ::Kernel
+  private
+
+  # Outputs _objs_ to STDOUT as JSON strings in the shortest form, that is in
+  # one line.
+  def j(*objs)
+    objs.each do |obj|
+      puts JSON::generate(obj, :allow_nan => true, :max_nesting => false)
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+
+  # Ouputs _objs_ to STDOUT as JSON strings in a pretty format, with
+  # indentation and over many lines.
+  def jj(*objs)
+    objs.each do |obj|
+      puts JSON::pretty_generate(obj, :allow_nan => true, :max_nesting => false)
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+
+  # If _object_ is string-like parse the string and return the parsed result as
+  # a Ruby data structure. Otherwise generate a JSON text from the Ruby data
+  # structure object and return it.
+  #
+  # The _opts_ argument is passed through to generate/parse respectively, see
+  # generate and parse for their documentation.
+  def JSON(object, opts = {})
+    if object.respond_to? :to_str
+      JSON.parse(object.to_str, opts)
+    else
+      JSON.generate(object, opts)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+class ::Class
+  # Returns true, if this class can be used to create an instance
+  # from a serialised JSON string. The class has to implement a class
+  # method _json_create_ that expects a hash as first parameter, which includes
+  # the required data.
+  def json_creatable?
+    respond_to?(:json_create)
+  end
+end