altpass 0.1.0
Sign up to get free protection for your applications and to get access to all the features.
- data/.gitignore +5 -0
- data/Gemfile +4 -0
- data/LICENSE.txt +22 -0
- data/README.md +177 -0
- data/Rakefile +10 -0
- data/altpass.gemspec +24 -0
- data/bin/altpass.rb +71 -0
- data/lib/altpass/version.rb +4 -0
- data/lib/altpass.rb +92 -0
- data/test/test_altpass.rb +66 -0
- data/test/test_helper.rb +4 -0
- metadata +63 -0
data/Gemfile
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data/LICENSE.txt
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Copyright (c) 2012 Alex Batko
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MIT License
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
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a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
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"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
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without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
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distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
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permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
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the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
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included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
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EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
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NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
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LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
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OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
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WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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data/README.md
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Altpass
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=======
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A Ruby gem and command-line utility for *generating passwords* derived from *hand-alternating*, *visually unambiguous*, *alphanumeric characters*.
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Example
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-------
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`nXH3ix9w`
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General Characteristics
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-----------------------
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* alternates hands (currently only supports `QWERTY` [keyboard layout](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_layout))
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* always starts with a lower-case character (left-hand first for odd-length passwords; right if even)
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* always ends with a left-hand character (so that the right-hand can finalize the hand alternation by hitting `Enter`/`Return`)
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* all characters are alphanumeric; there are no symbols (so the passwords highlight when double-clicked)
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* all characters are visually unambigous (some fonts make it difficult/impossible to distinguish *zero* and *capital 'o'*, or *one* and *lowercase 'L'*, and *uppercase i*, etc. so such characters are purposely not used)
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The "memorizable" pattern
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-------------------------
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* the "memorizable" pattern is: lower, UPPER, UPPER, *number*, lower, lower, *number*, lower
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* this pattern repeats for longer passwords
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At a glance, a password such as `nXH3ix9w` looks incredibly difficult to memorize, but practicing it 5-10 times usually does the trick, particularly after first taking note of the pattern.
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Options
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-------
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* make passwords of any *length* (`:length => [0-9]+`)
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* use the *memorizable* pattern or not (`:memorizable => true|false`)
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* show the sample sets and number of *permutations* (`:permutations => [vvv]`) (more `v`'s increase verbosity)
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Defaults
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--------
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* `:length => 8`
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* `:memorizable => true`
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Examples of Gem Usage
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---------------------
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Return a *default* password:
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Altpass.generate
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=> "uGL4ox7f"
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Return an *odd-length* password, not using the memorizable pattern:
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Altpass.generate(:length => 15, :memorizable => false)
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=> "cH5L3jwyw9XPw8V"
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Return an *even-length* password, not using the memorizable pattern:
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Altpass.generate(:length => 16, :memorizable => false)
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=> "uV7AhspqySkBUwhs"
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Return the *number of permutations*:
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Altpass.permutations(:length => 16, :memorizable => false)
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=> 2869959681148181529600
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Print the *sample sets* and *permutation calculation* of a default password, and return the *number of permutations*:
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Altpass.permutations(:length => 8, :memorizable => true, :permutations => 'vvv')
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sample sets:
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["y", "u", "i", "o", "p", "h", "j", "k", "n", "m"]
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["Q", "W", "E", "R", "T", "A", "S", "D", "F", "G", "Z", "X", "C", "V", "B"]
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["Y", "U", "P", "H", "J", "K", "L", "N", "M"]
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["2", "3", "4", "5"]
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["y", "u", "i", "o", "p", "h", "j", "k", "n", "m"]
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["q", "w", "e", "r", "t", "a", "s", "d", "f", "g", "z", "x", "c", "v"]
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["7", "8", "9"]
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["q", "w", "e", "r", "t", "a", "s", "d", "f", "g", "z", "x", "c", "v"]
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10 * 15 * 9 * 4 * 10 * 14 * 3 * 14 permutations
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=> 31752000
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Installation
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------------
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Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
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gem 'altpass'
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And then execute:
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$ bundle
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**Or** install it yourself:
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$ gem install altpass
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The Command-Line Utility
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========================
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The command-line utility, `altpass.rb`, is built into the gem.
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Example
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--------
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$ altpass.rb
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nF7zHTNrjtYRmxod
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Options
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-------
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Usage: altpass.rb [options]
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-l, --length [INTEGER>0] Password length
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-m, --memorizable [true|false] Use the memorizable pattern or not
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-p, --permutations [vvv] Show permutation size; verbosity increases with v's
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-s, --switches Show password switches
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-h, --help Show this message
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Configuration
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-------------
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### Program defaults
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The program itself comes with the following defaults:
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options[:length] = 8
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options[:memorizable] = true
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options[:permutations] = false
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options[:switches] = false
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### File override
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Overrides program defaults.
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cat ~/.altpass.yaml
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:length: 16
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:memorizable: false
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### Command-line override
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Command-line options override everything mentioned above. See *Command-line Options* above.
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Examples of Command-Line Usage
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------------------------------
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These examples assume the above mentioned *Configuration* section is in effect.
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$ altpass.rb
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nF7zHTNrjtYRmxod
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$ altpass.rb -p
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oDKfhfYznFN3j4Nv
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2,869,959,681,148,181,529,600 permutations
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$ altpass.rb --length 8 --memorizable true
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kSU5yx9e
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$ altpass.rb -l8 -mt -pvvv -s
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jXJ3oc7z
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sample sets:
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["y", "u", "i", "o", "p", "h", "j", "k", "n", "m"]
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["Q", "W", "E", "R", "T", "A", "S", "D", "F", "G", "Z", "X", "C", "V", "B"]
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["Y", "U", "P", "H", "J", "K", "L", "N", "M"]
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["2", "3", "4", "5"]
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["y", "u", "i", "o", "p", "h", "j", "k", "n", "m"]
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["q", "w", "e", "r", "t", "a", "s", "d", "f", "g", "z", "x", "c", "v"]
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["7", "8", "9"]
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["q", "w", "e", "r", "t", "a", "s", "d", "f", "g", "z", "x", "c", "v"]
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10 * 15 * 9 * 4 * 10 * 14 * 3 * 14 permutations
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31,752,000 permutations
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--length 8 --memorizable true
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Contributing
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============
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1. Fork it
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2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my_new_feature`)
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3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
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4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my_new_feature`)
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5. Create new Pull Request
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data/Rakefile
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data/altpass.gemspec
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lib = File.expand_path('../lib', __FILE__)
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$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
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require 'altpass/version'
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Gem::Specification.new do |gem|
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gem.name = 'altpass'
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gem.version = Altpass::VERSION
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gem.authors = ['Alex Batko']
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gem.email = ['alexbatko@gmail.com']
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gem.summary = %q{Generate passwords derived from hand-alternating, visually unambiguous, alphanumeric characters}
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gem.description = "#{gem.summary}. This is a Ruby gem and command-line utility. Formerly known as 'alexpass'."
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gem.homepage = 'https://github.com/abatko/altpass'
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gem.files = `git ls-files`.split($/)
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gem.executables = gem.files.grep(%r{^bin/}).map{ |f| File.basename(f) }
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gem.test_files = gem.files.grep(%r{^(test|spec|features)/})
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gem.require_paths = ['lib']
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gem.license = 'MIT'
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end
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data/bin/altpass.rb
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#!/usr/bin/env ruby
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require 'altpass' # for actually generating the Altpass passwords
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require 'optparse' # for command-line options parsing
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require 'yaml' # for loading the YAML configuration file, if present
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# defaults
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options = {}
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options[:length] = 8
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options[:memorizable] = true
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options[:permutations] = false
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options[:switches] = false
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# YAML configuration file overrides the defaults below
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CONFIGURATION_FILE = "#{ENV['HOME']}/.altpass.yaml"
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yaml_defaults = YAML.load_file(CONFIGURATION_FILE) if File.exist?(CONFIGURATION_FILE) && File.readable?(CONFIGURATION_FILE)
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options = options.merge(yaml_defaults) unless yaml_defaults.nil?
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# command-line options override yaml_defaults
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OptionParser.new do |opts|
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opts.banner = 'Usage: altpass.rb [options]'
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opts.on('-l', '--length [INTEGER>0]', OptionParser::DecimalInteger, 'Password length') do |l|
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unless l > 0
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puts 'argument to -l must be > 0'
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puts opts ; exit
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end
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options[:length] = l
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end
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opts.on('-m [t|f]', '--memorizable [true|false]', 'Use the memorizable pattern or not') do |m|
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case m
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when /^(t|true)\Z/
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options[:memorizable] = true
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when /^(f|false)\Z/
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options[:memorizable] = false
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else
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puts 'argument to -m must be [true|t|false|f]'
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puts opts ; exit
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end
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end
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opts.on('-p', '--permutations [vvv]', 'Show permutation size; verbosity increases with v\'s') do |p|
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if !p.nil? && p !~ /^v+\Z/
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puts 'argument to -p must be v\'s'
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puts opts ; exit
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end
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options[:permutations] = p.nil? ? 'v' : p+'v'
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end
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opts.on('-s', '--switches', 'Show password switches') do |s|
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options[:switches] = s
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end
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opts.on_tail('-h', '--help', 'Show this message') do
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puts opts ; exit
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end
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end.parse!
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def show_permutations(options)
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permutations = Altpass.permutations(options)
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# print the number of permutations after adding commas to it
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puts permutations.to_s.reverse.scan(/(?:\d*\.)?\d{1,3}-?/).join(',').reverse + ' permutations'
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end
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puts Altpass.generate(:length => options[:length], :memorizable => options[:memorizable])
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show_permutations(options) if options[:permutations]
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puts "--length #{options[:length]} --memorizable #{options[:memorizable]}" if options[:switches]
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data/lib/altpass.rb
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require 'altpass/version'
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module Altpass
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DEFAULT_LENGTH = 8
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DEFAULT_OPTIONS = {:length => DEFAULT_LENGTH, :memorizable => true}
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# character sets divided by touch typing hands
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LN = '12345'.split('') # Left-hand Numbers
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RN = '67890' .split('') # Right ''
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LL = ('qwert'+'asdfg'+'zxcvb').split('') # Left-hand Lowercase letters
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RL = ('yuiop'+'hjkl'+'nm').split('') # Right '' ''
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LU = LL.collect {|c| c.capitalize} # Left-hand Uppercase letters
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RU = RL.collect {|c| c.capitalize} # Right '' ''
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AMBIGUOUS =
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'1lI0O' + # visually ambiguous
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'6b' # left/right ambiguous
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# patterns for even and odd length passwords;
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# alternating hands, with the last always being on the left;
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# only the first in each subset takes part in the "memorizable" pattern: LUUNLLNL
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@pattern_even = [[RL], [LU, LN, LL], [RU, RN, RL], [LN, LL, LU], [RL, RU, RN], [LL, LU, LN], [RN, RL, RU], [LL]]
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@pattern_odd = [[LL], [RU, RN, RL], [LU, LN, LL], [RN, RL, RU], [LL, LU, LN], [RL, RU, RN], [LN, LL, LU], [RL]]
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# return a password
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def self.generate(options={})
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options = self._verify_options(options)
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password = ''
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iterations = options[:length]/DEFAULT_LENGTH + 1
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iterations.times { password += self._generate(options) }
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password.slice(0...options[:length])
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end
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# return the number of permutations,
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# and additionally print out details when options[:permutations] contains v's
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def self.permutations(options={})
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options = self._verify_options(options)
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p = 1
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pattern = options[:length].even? ? @pattern_even : @pattern_odd
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plen = pattern.length
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samples = []
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(0...options[:length]).each { |i|
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samples[i] = (options[:memorizable] ? pattern[i%plen][0] : pattern[i%plen].flatten).reject{|c| AMBIGUOUS.include?(c)}
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p *= samples[i].length # take the product of all sample sizes to get the total number of permutations
|
47
|
+
}
|
48
|
+
if options[:permutations] =~ /^v{3,}\Z/
|
49
|
+
puts 'sample sets:'
|
50
|
+
samples.each {|s|
|
51
|
+
puts s.inspect
|
52
|
+
}
|
53
|
+
end
|
54
|
+
puts "#{samples.collect {|s| s.length}.join(' * ')} permutations" if options[:permutations] =~ /^v{2,}\Z/
|
55
|
+
p
|
56
|
+
end
|
57
|
+
|
58
|
+
private
|
59
|
+
|
60
|
+
# verify and return an options hash, after merging the default options with the incoming ones
|
61
|
+
def self._verify_options(options=nil)
|
62
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "expected a Hash, but got: #{options.inspect}" unless options.kind_of?(Hash)
|
63
|
+
options = DEFAULT_OPTIONS.merge(options)
|
64
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "expected :memorizable to be boolean, but got: #{options[:memorizable].inspect}" unless options[:memorizable].kind_of?(TrueClass) || options[:memorizable].kind_of?(FalseClass)
|
65
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "expected :length to be a Fixnum, but got: #{options[:length].inspect}" unless options[:length].kind_of?(Fixnum)
|
66
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "expected :length > 0, but got: #{options[:length]}" unless options[:length] > 0
|
67
|
+
options
|
68
|
+
end
|
69
|
+
|
70
|
+
# generate and return a string, having a parity-appropriate pattern, where each character is sampled from the appropriate character set (depending on whether :memorizable is true or false)
|
71
|
+
def self._generate(options={})
|
72
|
+
options = self._verify_options(options)
|
73
|
+
pattern = options[:length].even? ? @pattern_even : @pattern_odd
|
74
|
+
return pattern.collect { |i|
|
75
|
+
s =''
|
76
|
+
loop do
|
77
|
+
s = _sample(i[options[:memorizable] ? 0 : rand(i.length)])
|
78
|
+
break unless AMBIGUOUS.include?(s)
|
79
|
+
end
|
80
|
+
s
|
81
|
+
}.join.slice(0..-1)
|
82
|
+
end
|
83
|
+
|
84
|
+
# pick a random element from the given array
|
85
|
+
def self._sample(a=[])
|
86
|
+
raise ArgumentError, "expected an Array, but got: #{a.class}" unless a.kind_of?(Array)
|
87
|
+
raise ArgumentError, 'expected a non-empty Array, but got an empty one' unless a.length > 0
|
88
|
+
a[rand(a.length)]
|
89
|
+
end
|
90
|
+
|
91
|
+
end
|
92
|
+
|
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# encoding: utf-8
|
2
|
+
require 'test_helper'
|
3
|
+
|
4
|
+
class AltpassTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
|
5
|
+
|
6
|
+
def test__generate__default_length
|
7
|
+
assert_equal Altpass::DEFAULT_LENGTH, Altpass.generate.length
|
8
|
+
end
|
9
|
+
|
10
|
+
def test__generate__random_length
|
11
|
+
random_length = rand(20)+1
|
12
|
+
assert_equal random_length, Altpass.generate(:length=>random_length).length
|
13
|
+
end
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
def test__generate__raise_exception_for_non_hash_argument
|
16
|
+
non_hash_argument = 10
|
17
|
+
exception = assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Altpass.generate(non_hash_argument) }
|
18
|
+
assert_equal "expected a Hash, but got: #{non_hash_argument}", exception.message
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
def test__generate__raise_exception_for_bad_memorizable_hash_value_type
|
22
|
+
non_boolean = {:memorizable => 10}
|
23
|
+
exception = assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Altpass.generate(non_boolean) }
|
24
|
+
assert_equal "expected :memorizable to be boolean, but got: #{non_boolean[:memorizable].inspect}", exception.message
|
25
|
+
end
|
26
|
+
|
27
|
+
def test__generate__raise_exception_for_bad_length_hash_value_type
|
28
|
+
non_fixnum = {:length => 'A'}
|
29
|
+
exception = assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Altpass.generate(non_fixnum) }
|
30
|
+
assert_equal "expected :length to be a Fixnum, but got: #{non_fixnum[:length].inspect}", exception.message
|
31
|
+
end
|
32
|
+
|
33
|
+
def test_raise_exception_for_fixnum_argument_less_than_one_to_generate_to_length
|
34
|
+
fixnum_argument = {:length => 0}
|
35
|
+
exception = assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Altpass.generate(fixnum_argument) }
|
36
|
+
assert_equal "expected :length > 0, but got: #{fixnum_argument[:length].inspect}", exception.message
|
37
|
+
end
|
38
|
+
|
39
|
+
def test__sample
|
40
|
+
assert_equal 'a', Altpass._sample(['a'])
|
41
|
+
assert_equal 'a', Altpass._sample(['a', 'a', 'a'])
|
42
|
+
random_element = Altpass._sample(['a', 'b', 'c'])
|
43
|
+
assert_equal String, random_element.class
|
44
|
+
assert_equal 1, random_element.length
|
45
|
+
end
|
46
|
+
|
47
|
+
def test__sample_raise_exception_for_non_array_argument
|
48
|
+
exception = assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Altpass._sample({}) }
|
49
|
+
assert_equal "expected an Array, but got: Hash", exception.message
|
50
|
+
end
|
51
|
+
|
52
|
+
def test__sample_raise_exception_for_empty_array_argument
|
53
|
+
exception = assert_raise(ArgumentError) { Altpass._sample([]) }
|
54
|
+
assert_equal "expected a non-empty Array, but got an empty one", exception.message
|
55
|
+
end
|
56
|
+
|
57
|
+
def test__permutations
|
58
|
+
# these hardcoded values will need to be updated if/when the character set lengths change
|
59
|
+
assert_equal 31752000, Altpass.permutations
|
60
|
+
assert_equal 53572004640, Altpass.permutations(:memorizable => false)
|
61
|
+
assert_equal 60011280000, Altpass.permutations(:memorizable => true, :length => 11)
|
62
|
+
assert_equal 544505855160960, Altpass.permutations(:memorizable => false, :length => 11)
|
63
|
+
end
|
64
|
+
|
65
|
+
end
|
66
|
+
|
data/test/test_helper.rb
ADDED
metadata
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
|
|
1
|
+
--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
|
2
|
+
name: altpass
|
3
|
+
version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
4
|
+
version: 0.1.0
|
5
|
+
prerelease:
|
6
|
+
platform: ruby
|
7
|
+
authors:
|
8
|
+
- Alex Batko
|
9
|
+
autorequire:
|
10
|
+
bindir: bin
|
11
|
+
cert_chain: []
|
12
|
+
date: 2012-12-14 00:00:00.000000000Z
|
13
|
+
dependencies: []
|
14
|
+
description: Generate passwords derived from hand-alternating, visually unambiguous,
|
15
|
+
alphanumeric characters. This is a Ruby gem and command-line utility. Formerly known
|
16
|
+
as 'alexpass'.
|
17
|
+
email:
|
18
|
+
- alexbatko@gmail.com
|
19
|
+
executables:
|
20
|
+
- altpass.rb
|
21
|
+
extensions: []
|
22
|
+
extra_rdoc_files: []
|
23
|
+
files:
|
24
|
+
- .gitignore
|
25
|
+
- Gemfile
|
26
|
+
- LICENSE.txt
|
27
|
+
- README.md
|
28
|
+
- Rakefile
|
29
|
+
- altpass.gemspec
|
30
|
+
- bin/altpass.rb
|
31
|
+
- lib/altpass.rb
|
32
|
+
- lib/altpass/version.rb
|
33
|
+
- test/test_altpass.rb
|
34
|
+
- test/test_helper.rb
|
35
|
+
homepage: https://github.com/abatko/altpass
|
36
|
+
licenses:
|
37
|
+
- MIT
|
38
|
+
post_install_message:
|
39
|
+
rdoc_options: []
|
40
|
+
require_paths:
|
41
|
+
- lib
|
42
|
+
required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
43
|
+
none: false
|
44
|
+
requirements:
|
45
|
+
- - ! '>='
|
46
|
+
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
47
|
+
version: '0'
|
48
|
+
required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
|
49
|
+
none: false
|
50
|
+
requirements:
|
51
|
+
- - ! '>='
|
52
|
+
- !ruby/object:Gem::Version
|
53
|
+
version: '0'
|
54
|
+
requirements: []
|
55
|
+
rubyforge_project:
|
56
|
+
rubygems_version: 1.8.10
|
57
|
+
signing_key:
|
58
|
+
specification_version: 3
|
59
|
+
summary: Generate passwords derived from hand-alternating, visually unambiguous, alphanumeric
|
60
|
+
characters
|
61
|
+
test_files:
|
62
|
+
- test/test_altpass.rb
|
63
|
+
- test/test_helper.rb
|