acts_as_scd 0.0.1

data/test/acts_as_scd_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,680 @@
+require 'test_helper'
+require 'active_record/fixtures'
+
+ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(adapter: "sqlite3", database: ":memory:")
+ActiveRecord::Schema.verbose = false
+
+# Tests data model:
+# We'll have two models which represent geographical entities and are subject
+# to changes over time such as modified geographical limits, entities may
+# disappear or new ones come into existence (as in countries that split, etc.).
+# We'll assume to such levels of geographical entities, Country and City for
+# which we want to keep the historical state at any time. We'll use a simple
+# 'area' field to stand for the various spatial or otherwise properties that
+# would typically change between revisions.
+ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
+
+  create_table :countries, :force => true do |t|
+    t.string  :code, limit: 2
+    t.string  :identity, limit: 2
+    t.integer :effective_from, default: 0
+    t.integer :effective_to, default: 99999999
+    t.string  :name
+    t.float   :area
+    t.integer :commercial_association_id
+  end
+
+  add_index :countries, :identity
+  add_index :countries, :effective_from
+  add_index :countries, :effective_to
+  add_index :countries, [:effective_from, :effective_to]
+
+  create_table :cities, :force => true do |t|
+    t.string  :code, limit: 5
+    t.string  :identity, limit: 5
+    t.integer :effective_from, default: 0
+    t.integer :effective_to, default: 99999999
+    t.string  :name
+    t.float   :area
+    t.string  :country_identity, limit: 2
+  end
+
+  add_index :cities, :identity
+  add_index :cities, :effective_from
+  add_index :cities, :effective_to
+  add_index :cities, [:effective_from, :effective_to]
+
+  create_table :commercial_associations, :force => true do |t|
+    t.string  :name
+  end
+
+  create_table :commercial_delegates, :force => true do |t|
+    t.string   :name
+    t.string   :country_identity, limit: 2
+  end
+
+end
+
+class ActsAsScdTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+
+  fixtures :all
+
+  test "Models can act as SCD" do
+    assert_equal countries(:caledonia), Country.find_by_identity('CL', Date.today)
+    assert_equal Date.new(2014,3,2), countries(:changedonia_first).effective_to_date
+    assert_equal Date.new(2014,3,2), countries(:changedonia_second).effective_from_date
+    assert_equal countries(:changedonia_third), countries(:changedonia_first).current
+    assert_equal countries(:changedonia_third), countries(:changedonia_second).current
+    assert_equal countries(:changedonia_second), countries(:changedonia_first).successor
+    assert_equal countries(:changedonia_third), countries(:changedonia_second).successor
+  end
+
+  test "Identities have iterations" do
+    caledonia = countries(:caledonia)
+    assert_equal 99999999, caledonia.effective_to
+  end
+
+  test "New records have identity automatically assigned and are not time-limited" do
+    country = Country.create!(name: 'Testing 1', code: 'T1')
+    assert_equal country.identity, 'T1'
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::START_OF_TIME, country.effective_from
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::END_OF_TIME, country.effective_to
+  end
+
+  test "New identities are not time-limited" do
+    date = Date.new(2014,03,07)
+    country = Country.create_identity(name: 'Testing 2', code: 'T2')
+    assert_equal country.identity, 'T2'
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::START_OF_TIME, country.effective_from
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::END_OF_TIME, country.effective_to
+  end
+
+  test "create identities and iterations" do
+    t3 = Country.create_identity(name: 'Testing 3', code: 'T3', area: 1000)
+    assert_equal t3.identity, 'T3'
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::START_OF_TIME, t3.effective_from
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::END_OF_TIME, t3.effective_to
+    assert_equal 'T3', t3.code
+    assert_equal 'Testing 3', t3.name
+    assert_equal 1000, t3.area
+
+    date1 = Date.new(2014,02,02)
+    t3_2 = Country.create_iteration('T3', { area: 2000 }, date1)
+    t3.reload
+    assert_equal 2000, t3_2.area
+    assert_equal t3.code, t3_2.code
+    assert_equal t3.name, t3_2.name
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::START_OF_TIME, t3.effective_from
+    assert_equal date1, t3.effective_to_date
+    assert_equal date1, t3_2.effective_from_date
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::END_OF_TIME, t3_2.effective_to
+
+    date2 = Date.new(2014,03,02)
+    t3_3 = Country.create_iteration('T3', { area: 3000 }, date2)
+    t3.reload
+    t3_2.reload
+    assert_equal 3000, t3_3.area
+    assert_equal t3.code, t3_3.code
+    assert_equal t3.name, t3_3.name
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::START_OF_TIME, t3.effective_from
+    assert_equal date1, t3.effective_to_date
+    assert_equal date1, t3_2.effective_from_date
+    assert_equal date2, t3_2.effective_to_date
+    assert_equal date2, t3_3.effective_from_date
+    assert_equal ActsAsScd::END_OF_TIME, t3_3.effective_to
+
+    assert_equal t3_3, Country.find_by_identity('T3')
+
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3.current
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3.at(date2)
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3.at(date2+10)
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3.at(date2-1)
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3.at(date1)
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3.at(date1+10)
+    assert_equal t3,   t3.at(date1-1)
+
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.current
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.at(date2)
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.at(date2+10)
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3_2.at(date2-1)
+
+    assert_equal t3, t3.initial
+    assert_equal t3, t3_2.initial
+    assert_equal t3, t3_3.initial
+
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3.successor
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.successor
+    assert_nil         t3_3.successor
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3_3.antecessor
+    assert_equal t3,   t3_2.antecessor
+    assert_nil         t3.antecessor
+    assert_equal [t3, t3_2], t3_3.antecessors
+    assert_equal [t3], t3_2.antecessors
+    assert_equal [], t3.antecessors
+    assert_equal [t3_2, t3_3], t3.successors
+    assert_equal [t3_3], t3_2.successors
+    assert_equal [], t3_3.successors
+    assert_equal [t3, t3_2, t3_3], t3.history
+    assert_equal [t3, t3_2, t3_3], t3_2.history
+    assert_equal [t3, t3_2, t3_3], t3_3.history
+
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3.latest
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.latest
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_3.latest
+
+    assert_equal t3, t3_3.earliest
+    assert_equal t3, t3_2.earliest
+    assert_equal t3, t3.earliest
+
+    assert t3.ended?
+    assert t3_2.ended?
+    assert !t3_3.ended?
+
+    assert !t3.ended_at?(date1-1)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date1)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date1+1)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date2-1)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date2)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date2+1)
+
+    assert !t3_2.ended_at?(date1-1)
+    assert !t3_2.ended_at?(date1)
+    assert !t3_2.ended_at?(date1+1)
+    assert !t3_2.ended_at?(date2-1)
+    assert t3_2.ended_at?(date2)
+    assert t3_2.ended_at?(date2+1)
+
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date1-1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date1+1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date2-1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date2)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date2+1)
+
+    assert t3.initial?
+    assert !t3_2.initial?
+    assert !t3_3.initial?
+
+    assert !t3.current?
+    assert !t3_2.current?
+    assert t3_3.current?
+
+    assert !t3.past_limited?
+    assert t3.future_limited?
+    assert t3_2.past_limited?
+    assert t3_2.future_limited?
+    assert t3_3.past_limited?
+    assert !t3_3.future_limited?
+
+    date3 = Date.new(2014,04,02)
+    # t3_2.terminate_identity(date3)
+    Country.terminate_identity 'T3', date3
+    t3.reload
+    t3_2.reload
+    t3_3.reload
+    assert_nil t3.current
+    assert_nil t3_2.current
+    assert_nil t3_3.current
+    assert_nil Country.find_by_identity('T3')
+
+    assert_nil         t3.at(date3+1)
+    assert_nil         t3.at(date3)
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3.at(date3-1)
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3.at(date2)
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3.at(date2+10)
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3.at(date2-1)
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3.at(date1)
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3.at(date1+10)
+    assert_equal t3,   t3.at(date1-1)
+
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.at(date2)
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.at(date2)
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3_2.at(date2-1)
+
+    assert_equal t3, t3.initial
+    assert_equal t3, t3_2.initial
+    assert_equal t3, t3_3.initial
+
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3.successor
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.successor
+    assert_nil         t3_3.successor
+    assert_equal t3_2, t3_3.antecessor
+    assert_equal t3,   t3_2.antecessor
+    assert_nil         t3.antecessor
+    assert_equal [t3, t3_2], t3_3.antecessors
+    assert_equal [t3], t3_2.antecessors
+    assert_equal [], t3.antecessors
+    assert_equal [t3_2, t3_3], t3.successors
+    assert_equal [t3_3], t3_2.successors
+    assert_equal [], t3_3.successors
+    assert_equal [t3, t3_2, t3_3], t3.history
+    assert_equal [t3, t3_2, t3_3], t3_2.history
+    assert_equal [t3, t3_2, t3_3], t3_3.history
+
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3.latest
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_2.latest
+    assert_equal t3_3, t3_3.latest
+
+    assert_equal t3, t3_3.earliest
+    assert_equal t3, t3_2.earliest
+    assert_equal t3, t3.earliest
+
+    assert t3.ended?
+    assert t3_2.ended?
+    assert t3_3.ended?
+
+    assert !t3.ended_at?(date1-1)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date1)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date1+1)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date2-1)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date2)
+    assert t3.ended_at?(date2+1)
+
+    assert !t3_2.ended_at?(date1-1)
+    assert !t3_2.ended_at?(date1)
+    assert !t3_2.ended_at?(date1+1)
+    assert !t3_2.ended_at?(date2-1)
+    assert t3_2.ended_at?(date2)
+    assert t3_2.ended_at?(date2+1)
+
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date1-1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date1+1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date2-1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date2)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date2+1)
+    assert !t3_3.ended_at?(date3-1)
+    assert  t3_3.ended_at?(date3)
+    assert  t3_3.ended_at?(date3+1)
+
+    assert t3.initial?
+    assert !t3_2.initial?
+    assert !t3_3.initial?
+
+    assert !t3.current?
+    assert !t3_2.current?
+    assert !t3_3.current?
+
+    assert !t3.past_limited?
+    assert t3.future_limited?
+    assert t3_2.past_limited?
+    assert t3_2.future_limited?
+    assert t3_3.past_limited?
+    assert t3_3.future_limited?
+
+  end
+
+  test "find_by_identity" do
+
+    de1 = countries(:de1)
+    de2 = countries(:de2)
+    de3 = countries(:de3)
+    ddr = countries(:ddr)
+    uk1 = countries(:uk1)
+    uk2 = countries(:uk2)
+    sco = countries(:scotland)
+    cal = countries(:caledonia)
+
+    assert_equal de3, Country.find_by_identity('DEU')
+    assert_nil Country.find_by_identity('DDR')
+    assert_equal uk2, Country.find_by_identity('GBR')
+    assert_equal sco, Country.find_by_identity('SCO')
+
+    assert_equal de3, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(3000,1,1))
+    assert_equal de3, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(2000,1,1))
+    assert_equal de3, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1990,10,3))
+    assert_equal de2, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_equal de2, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1970,1,1))
+    assert_equal de2, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal de1, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal de1, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1940,1,1))
+    assert_equal de1, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1000,1,1))
+    assert_equal cal, Country.find_by_identity('CL',  Date.new(3000,1,1))
+    assert_equal de3, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(2000,1,1))
+    assert_equal de3, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1990,10,3))
+    assert_equal de2, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_equal de2, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1970,1,1))
+    assert_equal de2, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal de1, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal de1, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1940,1,1))
+    assert_equal de1, Country.find_by_identity('DEU', Date.new(1000,1,1))
+    assert_nil        Country.find_by_identity('DDR', Date.new(1940,1,1))
+    assert_nil        Country.find_by_identity('DDR', Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.find_by_identity('DDR', Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.find_by_identity('DDR', Date.new(1970,1,1))
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.find_by_identity('DDR', Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_nil        Country.find_by_identity('DDR', Date.new(1990,10,3))
+    assert_nil        Country.find_by_identity('DDR', Date.new(2015,1,1))
+
+  end
+
+  test "identity_exists?" do
+
+    de1 = countries(:de1)
+    de2 = countries(:de2)
+    de3 = countries(:de3)
+    ddr = countries(:ddr)
+    uk1 = countries(:uk1)
+    uk2 = countries(:uk2)
+    sco = countries(:scotland)
+    cal = countries(:caledonia)
+
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU')
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DDR')
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('GBR')
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('SCO')
+
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(3000,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(2000,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1990,10,3))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1970,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1940,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1000,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('CL',  Date.new(3000,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(2000,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1990,10,3))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1970,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1940,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DEU', Date.new(1000,1,1))
+    assert !Country.identity_exists?('DDR', Date.new(1940,1,1))
+    assert !Country.identity_exists?('DDR', Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DDR', Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DDR', Date.new(1970,1,1))
+    assert  Country.identity_exists?('DDR', Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert !Country.identity_exists?('DDR', Date.new(1990,10,3))
+    assert !Country.identity_exists?('DDR', Date.new(2015,1,1))
+
+  end
+
+  test "Model query methods" do
+
+    de1 = countries(:de1)
+    de2 = countries(:de2)
+    de3 = countries(:de3)
+    ddr = countries(:ddr)
+    uk1 = countries(:uk1)
+    uk2 = countries(:uk2)
+    sco = countries(:scotland)
+    cal = countries(:caledonia)
+
+    assert_equal de3, Country.current.where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_nil Country.current.where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_equal uk2, Country.current.where(identity: 'GBR').first
+    assert_equal sco, Country.current.where(identity: 'SCO').first
+    assert_equal 5, Country.current.count
+
+    assert_equal de1, Country.initial.where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_nil        Country.initial.where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_nil        Country.initial.where(identity: 'SCO').first
+    assert_equal uk1, Country.initial.where(identity: 'GBR').first
+    assert_equal 4, Country.initial.count
+
+    assert_equal de1, Country.earliest_of('DEU')
+    assert_equal uk1, Country.earliest_of('GBR')
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.earliest_of('DDR')
+    assert_equal sco, Country.earliest_of('SCO')
+    assert_equal cal, Country.earliest_of('CL')
+
+    assert_equal de3, Country.at(Date.new(3000,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de3, Country.at(Date.new(2000,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de3, Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de2, Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de2, Country.at(Date.new(1970,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de2, Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de1, Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de1, Country.at(Date.new(1940,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de1, Country.at(Date.new(1000,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal cal, Country.at(Date.new(3000,1,1)).where(identity: 'CL').first
+    assert_equal de3, Country.at(Date.new(2000,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de3, Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de2, Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de2, Country.at(Date.new(1970,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de2, Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de1, Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de1, Country.at(Date.new(1940,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_equal de1, Country.at(Date.new(1000,1,1)).where(identity: 'DEU').first
+    assert_nil Country.at(Date.new(1940,1,1)).where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_nil Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.at(Date.new(1970,1,1)).where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_nil        Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_nil        Country.at(Date.new(2015,1,1)).where(identity: 'DDR').first
+    assert_equal 4, Country.at(Date.new(1940,1,1)).count
+    assert_equal 4, Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).count
+    assert_equal 5, Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).count
+    assert_equal 5, Country.at(Date.new(1970,1,1)).count
+    assert_equal 5, Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).count
+    assert_equal 4, Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).count
+    assert_equal 4, Country.at(Date.new(2000,1,1)).count
+    assert_equal 4, Country.at(Date.new(2000,1,1)).count
+    assert_equal 4, Country.at(Date.new(2014,3,1)).count
+    assert_equal 4, Country.at(Date.new(2014,3,2)).count
+    assert_equal 4, Country.at(Date.new(2014,9,17)).count
+    assert_equal 5, Country.at(Date.new(2014,9,18)).count
+    assert_equal 5, Country.at(Date.new(2015,1,1)).count
+
+    assert_equal 6, Country.ended.count
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.ended.where(identity: 'DDR').first
+
+    assert_equal [de1, de2, de3], Country.all_of('DEU')
+
+    # These generate queries that are valid for PostgreSQL but not for SQLite3
+    #   (v1, v2) IN SELECT ...
+    # assert_equal 1, Country.ended.latest.count
+    # assert_equal 1, Country.terminated.count
+    # assert_equal 1, Country.superseded.count
+end
+
+  test "Model query methods that return objects" do
+
+    de1 = countries(:de1)
+    de2 = countries(:de2)
+    de3 = countries(:de3)
+    ddr = countries(:ddr)
+    uk1 = countries(:uk1)
+    uk2 = countries(:uk2)
+    sco = countries(:scotland)
+    cal = countries(:caledonia)
+
+    assert_equal de3, Country.latest_of('DEU')
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.latest_of('DDR')
+    assert_equal uk2, Country.latest_of('GBR')
+    assert_equal sco, Country.latest_of('SCO')
+
+    assert_equal de1, Country.earliest_of('DEU')
+    assert_equal ddr, Country.earliest_of('DDR')
+    assert_equal uk1, Country.earliest_of('GBR')
+    assert_equal sco, Country.earliest_of('SCO')
+
+    c = Country.scoped
+
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DDR DEU GBR SCO), Country.ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR SCO), Country.current.ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR SCO), Country.at(Date.new(2015,1,1)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR SCO), Country.at(Date.new(2014,9,18)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(2014,9,17)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(2014,3,2)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(2014,3,1)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DDR DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DDR DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(1970,1,1)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DDR DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.at(Date.new(1940,1,1)).ordered_identities
+
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DDR DEU GBR SCO), Country.ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR SCO), Country.current.ordered_identities
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR SCO), Country.identities_at(Date.new(2015,1,1)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR SCO), Country.identities_at(Date.new(2014,9,18)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(2014,9,17)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(2014,3,2)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(2014,3,1)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DDR DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DDR DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(1970,1,1)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DDR DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR), Country.identities_at(Date.new(1940,1,1)).sort
+
+    assert_equal %w(CG CL DEU GBR SCO), Country.current_identities.sort
+
+    assert_equal [ActsAsScd::Period[0, 99999999]],
+                 Country.where(identity: 'CL').effective_periods
+    assert_equal [ActsAsScd::Period[19491007, 19901003]],
+                 Country.where(identity: 'DDR').effective_periods
+    assert_equal [ActsAsScd::Period[20140918, 99999999]],
+                 Country.where(identity: 'SCO').effective_periods
+    assert_equal [ActsAsScd::Period[0, 20140918], ActsAsScd::Period[20140918, 99999999]],
+                 Country.where(identity: 'GBR').effective_periods
+    assert_equal [ActsAsScd::Period[0, 19491007], ActsAsScd::Period[19491007, 19901003], ActsAsScd::Period[19901003, 99999999]],
+                 Country.where(identity: 'DEU').effective_periods
+    assert_equal [[0,19491007], [0, 20140302], [0, 20140918], [0, 99999999], [19491007, 19901003], [19901003, 99999999],
+                  [20140302, 20140507], [20140507, 99999999], [20140918, 99999999]].map{|p| ActsAsScd::Period[*p]},
+                 Country.effective_periods
+
+  end
+
+  test "has_many_iterations_through_identity association" do
+
+    de1 = countries(:de1)
+    de2 = countries(:de2)
+    de3 = countries(:de3)
+    ddr = countries(:ddr)
+    uk1 = countries(:uk1)
+    uk2 = countries(:uk2)
+    sco = countries(:scotland)
+    cal = countries(:caledonia)
+
+    # current citites
+    assert_equal [:berlin3, :hamburg, :leipzig_3].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 de3.cities.order('code')
+
+    # all iterations
+    assert_equal [:berlin1, :berlin2, :berlin3, :hamburg, :leipzig_1, :leipzig_3].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 de3.city_iterations.order('code, effective_from')
+    assert_equal [:berlin1, :berlin2, :berlin3, :hamburg, :leipzig_1, :leipzig_3].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 de2.city_iterations.order('code, effective_from')
+    assert_equal [:berlin1, :berlin2, :berlin3, :hamburg, :leipzig_1, :leipzig_3].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 de1.city_iterations.order('code, effective_from')
+    assert_equal [:e_berlin, :leipzig_2].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 ddr.city_iterations.order('code, effective_from')
+
+    assert_equal [:berlin1, :hamburg, :leipzig_1].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 de3.cities_at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).order('code')
+    assert_equal [:berlin2, :hamburg].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 de3.cities_at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).order('code')
+    assert_equal [:berlin2, :hamburg].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 de3.cities_at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).order('code')
+    assert_equal [:berlin3, :hamburg, :leipzig_3].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                 de3.cities_at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).order('code')
+
+    assert_equal %w(BER HAM LEI), de3.city_identities.sort
+    assert_equal %w(BER HAM LEI), de3.city_identities_at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(BER HAM), de3.city_identities_at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(BER HAM), de3.city_identities_at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).sort
+    assert_equal %w(BER HAM LEI), de3.city_identities_at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).sort
+
+    assert_equal %w(BER HAM LEI), de3.city_current_identities.sort
+    assert_equal %w(BER HAM LEI), de2.city_current_identities.sort
+    assert_equal %w(BER HAM LEI), de1.city_current_identities.sort
+
+    # current city countries
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:hamburg).country
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:berlin1).country
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:berlin2).country
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:berlin3).country
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:leipzig_1).country
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:leipzig_3).country
+    assert_nil        cities(:leipzig_2).country
+
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:hamburg).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:hamburg).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:hamburg).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:hamburg).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,3))
+
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:berlin1).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:berlin1).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:berlin1).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:berlin1).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,3))
+
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:berlin2).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:berlin2).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:berlin2).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:berlin2).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,3))
+
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:berlin3).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:berlin3).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:berlin3).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:berlin3).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,3))
+
+    assert_nil        cities(:e_berlin).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:e_berlin).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:e_berlin).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_nil        cities(:e_berlin).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,3))
+
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:leipzig_1).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:leipzig_1).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,7)) # may cause surprise
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:leipzig_1).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,2)) # may cause surprise
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:leipzig_1).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,3))
+
+    assert_nil        cities(:leipzig_2).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,6)) # may cause surprise
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:leipzig_2).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,7))
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:leipzig_2).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,2))
+    assert_nil        cities(:leipzig_2).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,3)) # may cause surprise
+
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:leipzig_3).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,6))
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:leipzig_3).country_at(Date.new(1949,10,7)) # may cause surprise
+    assert_equal de2, cities(:leipzig_3).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,2)) # may cause surprise
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:leipzig_3).country_at(Date.new(1990,10,3))
+
+    # To avoid surprises, cities iterations should also be selected at the evaluation date:
+    date1 = Date.new(1949,10,7)
+    date2 = Date.new(1990,10,3)
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:leipzig_1).at(date1-1).country_at(date1-1)
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:leipzig_1).at(date1).country_at(date1)
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:leipzig_1).at(date2-1).country_at(date2-1)
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:leipzig_1).at(date2).country_at(date2)
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:leipzig_2).at(date1-1).country_at(date1-1)
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:leipzig_2).at(date1).country_at(date1)
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:leipzig_2).at(date2-1).country_at(date2-1)
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:leipzig_2).at(date2).country_at(date2)
+    assert_equal de1, cities(:leipzig_3).at(date1-1).country_at(date1-1)
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:leipzig_3).at(date1).country_at(date1)
+    assert_equal ddr, cities(:leipzig_3).at(date2-1).country_at(date2-1)
+    assert_equal de3, cities(:leipzig_3).at(date2).country_at(date2)
+
+  end
+
+  test "query methods applied to associations" do
+    assert_equal  [:berlin3, :hamburg, :leipzig_3].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.current.order('code')
+    assert_equal  [:berlin1, :hamburg, :leipzig_1].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).order('code')
+    assert_equal  [:berlin2, :hamburg].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).order('code')
+    assert_equal  [:berlin2, :hamburg].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).order('code')
+    assert_equal  [:berlin3, :hamburg, :leipzig_3].map{|c| cities(c)},
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).order('code')
+
+    assert_equal  %w(BER HAM LEI),
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.ordered_identities
+    assert_equal  %w(BER HAM LEI),
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.at(Date.new(1949,10,6)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal  %w(BER HAM),
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.at(Date.new(1949,10,7)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal  %w(BER HAM),
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.at(Date.new(1990,10,2)).ordered_identities
+    assert_equal  %w(BER HAM LEI),
+                  countries(:de3).city_iterations.at(Date.new(1990,10,3)).ordered_identities
+
+  end
+
+end