activesupport-inflector 0.0.1

data/lib/active_support/core_ext/string/multibyte.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# encoding: utf-8
+require 'active_support/multibyte'
+
+class String
+  if RUBY_VERSION >= "1.9"
+    # == Multibyte proxy
+    #
+    # +mb_chars+ is a multibyte safe proxy for string methods.
+    #
+    # In Ruby 1.8 and older it creates and returns an instance of the ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars class which
+    # encapsulates the original string. A Unicode safe version of all the String methods are defined on this proxy
+    # class. If the proxy class doesn't respond to a certain method, it's forwarded to the encapsulated string.
+    #
+    #   name = 'Claus Müller'
+    #   name.reverse # => "rell??M sualC"
+    #   name.length  # => 13
+    #
+    #   name.mb_chars.reverse.to_s # => "rellüM sualC"
+    #   name.mb_chars.length       # => 12
+    #
+    # In Ruby 1.9 and newer +mb_chars+ returns +self+ because String is (mostly) encoding aware. This means that
+    # it becomes easy to run one version of your code on multiple Ruby versions.
+    #
+    # == Method chaining
+    #
+    # All the methods on the Chars proxy which normally return a string will return a Chars object. This allows
+    # method chaining on the result of any of these methods.
+    #
+    #   name.mb_chars.reverse.length # => 12
+    #
+    # == Interoperability and configuration
+    #
+    # The Chars object tries to be as interchangeable with String objects as possible: sorting and comparing between
+    # String and Char work like expected. The bang! methods change the internal string representation in the Chars
+    # object. Interoperability problems can be resolved easily with a +to_s+ call.
+    #
+    # For more information about the methods defined on the Chars proxy see ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars. For
+    # information about how to change the default Multibyte behavior see ActiveSupport::Multibyte.
+    def mb_chars
+      if ActiveSupport::Multibyte.proxy_class.consumes?(self)
+        ActiveSupport::Multibyte.proxy_class.new(self)
+      else
+        self
+      end
+    end
+
+    def is_utf8?
+      case encoding
+        when Encoding::UTF_8
+          valid_encoding?
+        when Encoding::ASCII_8BIT, Encoding::US_ASCII
+          dup.force_encoding(Encoding::UTF_8).valid_encoding?
+        else
+          false
+      end
+    end
+  else
+    def mb_chars
+      if ActiveSupport::Multibyte.proxy_class.wants?(self)
+        ActiveSupport::Multibyte.proxy_class.new(self)
+      else
+        self
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if the string has UTF-8 semantics (a String used for purely byte resources is unlikely to have
+    # them), returns false otherwise.
+    def is_utf8?
+      ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars.consumes?(self)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_support/i18n.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+begin
+  require 'i18n'
+  require 'active_support/lazy_load_hooks'
+rescue LoadError => e
+  $stderr.puts "The i18n gem is not available. Please add it to your Gemfile and run bundle install"
+  raise e
+end
+
+I18n.load_path << "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/locale/en.yml"

data/lib/active_support/inflections.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+require 'active_support/inflector/inflections'
+
+module ActiveSupport
+  Inflector.inflections do |inflect|
+    inflect.plural(/$/, 's')
+    inflect.plural(/s$/i, 's')
+    inflect.plural(/(ax|test)is$/i, '\1es')
+    inflect.plural(/(octop|vir)us$/i, '\1i')
+    inflect.plural(/(octop|vir)i$/i, '\1i')
+    inflect.plural(/(alias|status)$/i, '\1es')
+    inflect.plural(/(bu)s$/i, '\1ses')
+    inflect.plural(/(buffal|tomat)o$/i, '\1oes')
+    inflect.plural(/([ti])um$/i, '\1a')
+    inflect.plural(/([ti])a$/i, '\1a')
+    inflect.plural(/sis$/i, 'ses')
+    inflect.plural(/(?:([^f])fe|([lr])f)$/i, '\1\2ves')
+    inflect.plural(/(hive)$/i, '\1s')
+    inflect.plural(/([^aeiouy]|qu)y$/i, '\1ies')
+    inflect.plural(/(x|ch|ss|sh)$/i, '\1es')
+    inflect.plural(/(matr|vert|ind)(?:ix|ex)$/i, '\1ices')
+    inflect.plural(/(m|l)ouse$/i, '\1ice')
+    inflect.plural(/(m|l)ice$/i, '\1ice')
+    inflect.plural(/^(ox)$/i, '\1en')
+    inflect.plural(/^(oxen)$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.plural(/(quiz)$/i, '\1zes')
+
+    inflect.singular(/s$/i, '')
+    inflect.singular(/(n)ews$/i, '\1ews')
+    inflect.singular(/([ti])a$/i, '\1um')
+    inflect.singular(/((a)naly|(b)a|(d)iagno|(p)arenthe|(p)rogno|(s)ynop|(t)he)ses$/i, '\1\2sis')
+    inflect.singular(/(^analy)ses$/i, '\1sis')
+    inflect.singular(/([^f])ves$/i, '\1fe')
+    inflect.singular(/(hive)s$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/(tive)s$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/([lr])ves$/i, '\1f')
+    inflect.singular(/([^aeiouy]|qu)ies$/i, '\1y')
+    inflect.singular(/(s)eries$/i, '\1eries')
+    inflect.singular(/(m)ovies$/i, '\1ovie')
+    inflect.singular(/(x|ch|ss|sh)es$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/(m|l)ice$/i, '\1ouse')
+    inflect.singular(/(bus)es$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/(o)es$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/(shoe)s$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/(cris|ax|test)es$/i, '\1is')
+    inflect.singular(/(octop|vir)i$/i, '\1us')
+    inflect.singular(/(alias|status)es$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/^(ox)en/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/(vert|ind)ices$/i, '\1ex')
+    inflect.singular(/(matr)ices$/i, '\1ix')
+    inflect.singular(/(quiz)zes$/i, '\1')
+    inflect.singular(/(database)s$/i, '\1')
+
+    inflect.irregular('person', 'people')
+    inflect.irregular('man', 'men')
+    inflect.irregular('child', 'children')
+    inflect.irregular('sex', 'sexes')
+    inflect.irregular('move', 'moves')
+    inflect.irregular('cow', 'kine')
+    inflect.irregular('zombie', 'zombies')
+
+    inflect.uncountable(%w(equipment information rice money species series fish sheep jeans))
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_support/inflector.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# in case active_support/inflector is required without the rest of active_support
+require 'active_support/inflector/inflections'
+require 'active_support/inflector/transliterate'
+require 'active_support/inflector/methods'
+
+require 'active_support/inflections'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/string/inflections'

data/lib/active_support/inflector/inflections.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+module ActiveSupport
+  module Inflector
+    extend self
+
+    # A singleton instance of this class is yielded by Inflector.inflections, which can then be used to specify additional
+    # inflection rules. Examples:
+    #
+    #   ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections do |inflect|
+    #     inflect.plural /^(ox)$/i, '\1\2en'
+    #     inflect.singular /^(ox)en/i, '\1'
+    #
+    #     inflect.irregular 'octopus', 'octopi'
+    #
+    #     inflect.uncountable "equipment"
+    #   end
+    #
+    # New rules are added at the top. So in the example above, the irregular rule for octopus will now be the first of the
+    # pluralization and singularization rules that is runs. This guarantees that your rules run before any of the rules that may
+    # already have been loaded.
+    class Inflections
+      def self.instance
+        @__instance__ ||= new
+      end
+
+      attr_reader :plurals, :singulars, :uncountables, :humans, :acronyms, :acronym_regex
+
+      def initialize
+        @plurals, @singulars, @uncountables, @humans, @acronyms, @acronym_regex = [], [], [], [], {}, /(?=a)b/
+      end
+
+      # Specifies a new acronym. An acronym must be specified as it will appear in a camelized string.  An underscore
+      # string that contains the acronym will retain the acronym when passed to `camelize`, `humanize`, or `titleize`.
+      # A camelized string that contains the acronym will maintain the acronym when titleized or humanized, and will
+      # convert the acronym into a non-delimited single lowercase word when passed to +underscore+.
+      #
+      # Examples:
+      #   acronym 'HTML'
+      #   titleize 'html' #=> 'HTML'
+      #   camelize 'html' #=> 'HTML'
+      #   underscore 'MyHTML' #=> 'my_html'
+      #
+      # The acronym, however, must occur as a delimited unit and not be part of another word for conversions to recognize it:
+      #
+      #   acronym 'HTTP'
+      #   camelize 'my_http_delimited' #=> 'MyHTTPDelimited'
+      #   camelize 'https' #=> 'Https', not 'HTTPs'
+      #   underscore 'HTTPS' #=> 'http_s', not 'https'
+      #
+      #   acronym 'HTTPS'
+      #   camelize 'https' #=> 'HTTPS'
+      #   underscore 'HTTPS' #=> 'https'
+      #
+      # Note: Acronyms that are passed to `pluralize` will no longer be recognized, since the acronym will not occur as
+      # a delimited unit in the pluralized result. To work around this, you must specify the pluralized form as an
+      # acronym as well:
+      #
+      #    acronym 'API'
+      #    camelize(pluralize('api')) #=> 'Apis'
+      #
+      #    acronym 'APIs'
+      #    camelize(pluralize('api')) #=> 'APIs'
+      #
+      # `acronym` may be used to specify any word that contains an acronym or otherwise needs to maintain a non-standard
+      # capitalization. The only restriction is that the word must begin with a capital letter.
+      #
+      # Examples:
+      #   acronym 'RESTful'
+      #   underscore 'RESTful' #=> 'restful'
+      #   underscore 'RESTfulController' #=> 'restful_controller'
+      #   titleize 'RESTfulController' #=> 'RESTful Controller'
+      #   camelize 'restful' #=> 'RESTful'
+      #   camelize 'restful_controller' #=> 'RESTfulController'
+      #
+      #   acronym 'McDonald'
+      #   underscore 'McDonald' #=> 'mcdonald'
+      #   camelize 'mcdonald' #=> 'McDonald'
+      def acronym(word)
+        @acronyms[word.downcase] = word
+        @acronym_regex = /#{@acronyms.values.join("|")}/
+      end
+
+      # Specifies a new pluralization rule and its replacement. The rule can either be a string or a regular expression.
+      # The replacement should always be a string that may include references to the matched data from the rule.
+      def plural(rule, replacement)
+        @uncountables.delete(rule) if rule.is_a?(String)
+        @uncountables.delete(replacement)
+        @plurals.insert(0, [rule, replacement])
+      end
+
+      # Specifies a new singularization rule and its replacement. The rule can either be a string or a regular expression.
+      # The replacement should always be a string that may include references to the matched data from the rule.
+      def singular(rule, replacement)
+        @uncountables.delete(rule) if rule.is_a?(String)
+        @uncountables.delete(replacement)
+        @singulars.insert(0, [rule, replacement])
+      end
+
+      # Specifies a new irregular that applies to both pluralization and singularization at the same time. This can only be used
+      # for strings, not regular expressions. You simply pass the irregular in singular and plural form.
+      #
+      # Examples:
+      #   irregular 'octopus', 'octopi'
+      #   irregular 'person', 'people'
+      def irregular(singular, plural)
+        @uncountables.delete(singular)
+        @uncountables.delete(plural)
+        if singular[0,1].upcase == plural[0,1].upcase
+          plural(Regexp.new("(#{singular[0,1]})#{singular[1..-1]}$", "i"), '\1' + plural[1..-1])
+          plural(Regexp.new("(#{plural[0,1]})#{plural[1..-1]}$", "i"), '\1' + plural[1..-1])
+          singular(Regexp.new("(#{plural[0,1]})#{plural[1..-1]}$", "i"), '\1' + singular[1..-1])
+        else
+          plural(Regexp.new("#{singular[0,1].upcase}(?i)#{singular[1..-1]}$"), plural[0,1].upcase + plural[1..-1])
+          plural(Regexp.new("#{singular[0,1].downcase}(?i)#{singular[1..-1]}$"), plural[0,1].downcase + plural[1..-1])
+          plural(Regexp.new("#{plural[0,1].upcase}(?i)#{plural[1..-1]}$"), plural[0,1].upcase + plural[1..-1])
+          plural(Regexp.new("#{plural[0,1].downcase}(?i)#{plural[1..-1]}$"), plural[0,1].downcase + plural[1..-1])
+          singular(Regexp.new("#{plural[0,1].upcase}(?i)#{plural[1..-1]}$"), singular[0,1].upcase + singular[1..-1])
+          singular(Regexp.new("#{plural[0,1].downcase}(?i)#{plural[1..-1]}$"), singular[0,1].downcase + singular[1..-1])
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Add uncountable words that shouldn't be attempted inflected.
+      #
+      # Examples:
+      #   uncountable "money"
+      #   uncountable "money", "information"
+      #   uncountable %w( money information rice )
+      def uncountable(*words)
+        (@uncountables << words).flatten!
+      end
+
+      # Specifies a humanized form of a string by a regular expression rule or by a string mapping.
+      # When using a regular expression based replacement, the normal humanize formatting is called after the replacement.
+      # When a string is used, the human form should be specified as desired (example: 'The name', not 'the_name')
+      #
+      # Examples:
+      #   human /_cnt$/i, '\1_count'
+      #   human "legacy_col_person_name", "Name"
+      def human(rule, replacement)
+        @humans.insert(0, [rule, replacement])
+      end
+
+      # Clears the loaded inflections within a given scope (default is <tt>:all</tt>).
+      # Give the scope as a symbol of the inflection type, the options are: <tt>:plurals</tt>,
+      # <tt>:singulars</tt>, <tt>:uncountables</tt>, <tt>:humans</tt>.
+      #
+      # Examples:
+      #   clear :all
+      #   clear :plurals
+      def clear(scope = :all)
+        case scope
+          when :all
+            @plurals, @singulars, @uncountables, @humans = [], [], [], []
+          else
+            instance_variable_set "@#{scope}", []
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Yields a singleton instance of Inflector::Inflections so you can specify additional
+    # inflector rules.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #   ActiveSupport::Inflector.inflections do |inflect|
+    #     inflect.uncountable "rails"
+    #   end
+    def inflections
+      if block_given?
+        yield Inflections.instance
+      else
+        Inflections.instance
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+require 'active_support/inflector/inflections'
+require 'active_support/inflections'
+
+module ActiveSupport
+  # The Inflector transforms words from singular to plural, class names to table names, modularized class names to ones without,
+  # and class names to foreign keys. The default inflections for pluralization, singularization, and uncountable words are kept
+  # in inflections.rb.
+  #
+  # The Rails core team has stated patches for the inflections library will not be accepted
+  # in order to avoid breaking legacy applications which may be relying on errant inflections.
+  # If you discover an incorrect inflection and require it for your application, you'll need
+  # to correct it yourself (explained below).
+  module Inflector
+    extend self
+
+    # Returns the plural form of the word in the string.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   "post".pluralize             # => "posts"
+    #   "octopus".pluralize          # => "octopi"
+    #   "sheep".pluralize            # => "sheep"
+    #   "words".pluralize            # => "words"
+    #   "CamelOctopus".pluralize     # => "CamelOctopi"
+    def pluralize(word)
+      apply_inflections(word, inflections.plurals)
+    end
+
+    # The reverse of +pluralize+, returns the singular form of a word in a string.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   "posts".singularize            # => "post"
+    #   "octopi".singularize           # => "octopus"
+    #   "sheep".singularize            # => "sheep"
+    #   "word".singularize             # => "word"
+    #   "CamelOctopi".singularize      # => "CamelOctopus"
+    def singularize(word)
+      apply_inflections(word, inflections.singulars)
+    end
+
+    # By default, +camelize+ converts strings to UpperCamelCase. If the argument to +camelize+
+    # is set to <tt>:lower</tt> then +camelize+ produces lowerCamelCase.
+    #
+    # +camelize+ will also convert '/' to '::' which is useful for converting paths to namespaces.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   "active_model".camelize                # => "ActiveModel"
+    #   "active_model".camelize(:lower)        # => "activeModel"
+    #   "active_model/errors".camelize         # => "ActiveModel::Errors"
+    #   "active_model/errors".camelize(:lower) # => "activeModel::Errors"
+    #
+    # As a rule of thumb you can think of +camelize+ as the inverse of +underscore+,
+    # though there are cases where that does not hold:
+    #
+    #   "SSLError".underscore.camelize # => "SslError"
+    def camelize(term, uppercase_first_letter = true)
+      string = term.to_s
+      if uppercase_first_letter
+        string = string.sub(/^[a-z\d]*/) { inflections.acronyms[$&] || $&.capitalize }
+      else
+        string = string.sub(/^(?:#{inflections.acronym_regex}(?=\b|[A-Z_])|\w)/) { $&.downcase }
+      end
+      string.gsub(/(?:_|(\/))([a-z\d]*)/i) { "#{$1}#{inflections.acronyms[$2] || $2.capitalize}" }.gsub('/', '::')
+    end
+
+    # Makes an underscored, lowercase form from the expression in the string.
+    #
+    # Changes '::' to '/' to convert namespaces to paths.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   "ActiveModel".underscore         # => "active_model"
+    #   "ActiveModel::Errors".underscore # => "active_model/errors"
+    #
+    # As a rule of thumb you can think of +underscore+ as the inverse of +camelize+,
+    # though there are cases where that does not hold:
+    #
+    #   "SSLError".underscore.camelize # => "SslError"
+    def underscore(camel_cased_word)
+      word = camel_cased_word.to_s.dup
+      word.gsub!(/::/, '/')
+      word.gsub!(/(?:([A-Za-z\d])|^)(#{inflections.acronym_regex})(?=\b|[^a-z])/) { "#{$1}#{$1 && '_'}#{$2.downcase}" }
+      word.gsub!(/([A-Z\d]+)([A-Z][a-z])/,'\1_\2')
+      word.gsub!(/([a-z\d])([A-Z])/,'\1_\2')
+      word.tr!("-", "_")
+      word.downcase!
+      word
+    end
+
+    # Capitalizes the first word and turns underscores into spaces and strips a
+    # trailing "_id", if any. Like +titleize+, this is meant for creating pretty output.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   "employee_salary" # => "Employee salary"
+    #   "author_id"       # => "Author"
+    def humanize(lower_case_and_underscored_word)
+      result = lower_case_and_underscored_word.to_s.dup
+      inflections.humans.each { |(rule, replacement)| break if result.gsub!(rule, replacement) }
+      result.gsub!(/_id$/, "")
+      result.gsub!(/_/, ' ')
+      result.gsub(/([a-z\d]*)/i) { |match|
+        "#{inflections.acronyms[match] || match.downcase}"
+      }.gsub(/^\w/) { $&.upcase }
+    end
+
+    # Capitalizes all the words and replaces some characters in the string to create
+    # a nicer looking title. +titleize+ is meant for creating pretty output. It is not
+    # used in the Rails internals.
+    #
+    # +titleize+ is also aliased as as +titlecase+.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   "man from the boondocks".titleize   # => "Man From The Boondocks"
+    #   "x-men: the last stand".titleize    # => "X Men: The Last Stand"
+    #   "TheManWithoutAPast".titleize       # => "The Man Without A Past"
+    #   "raiders_of_the_lost_ark".titleize  # => "Raiders Of The Lost Ark"
+    def titleize(word)
+      humanize(underscore(word)).gsub(/\b('?[a-z])/) { $1.capitalize }
+    end
+
+    # Create the name of a table like Rails does for models to table names. This method
+    # uses the +pluralize+ method on the last word in the string.
+    #
+    # Examples
+    #   "RawScaledScorer".tableize # => "raw_scaled_scorers"
+    #   "egg_and_ham".tableize     # => "egg_and_hams"
+    #   "fancyCategory".tableize   # => "fancy_categories"
+    def tableize(class_name)
+      pluralize(underscore(class_name))
+    end
+
+    # Create a class name from a plural table name like Rails does for table names to models.
+    # Note that this returns a string and not a Class. (To convert to an actual class
+    # follow +classify+ with +constantize+.)
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   "egg_and_hams".classify # => "EggAndHam"
+    #   "posts".classify        # => "Post"
+    #
+    # Singular names are not handled correctly:
+    #   "business".classify     # => "Busines"
+    def classify(table_name)
+      # strip out any leading schema name
+      camelize(singularize(table_name.to_s.sub(/.*\./, '')))
+    end
+
+    # Replaces underscores with dashes in the string.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #   "puni_puni" # => "puni-puni"
+    def dasherize(underscored_word)
+      underscored_word.gsub(/_/, '-')
+    end
+
+    # Removes the module part from the expression in the string:
+    #
+    #   "ActiveRecord::CoreExtensions::String::Inflections".demodulize # => "Inflections"
+    #   "Inflections".demodulize                                       # => "Inflections"
+    #
+    # See also +deconstantize+.
+    def demodulize(path)
+      path = path.to_s
+      if i = path.rindex('::')
+        path[(i+2)..-1]
+      else
+        path
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Removes the rightmost segment from the constant expression in the string:
+    #
+    #   "Net::HTTP".deconstantize   # => "Net"
+    #   "::Net::HTTP".deconstantize # => "::Net"
+    #   "String".deconstantize      # => ""
+    #   "::String".deconstantize    # => ""
+    #   "".deconstantize            # => ""
+    #
+    # See also +demodulize+.
+    def deconstantize(path)
+      path.to_s[0...(path.rindex('::') || 0)] # implementation based on the one in facets' Module#spacename
+    end
+
+    # Creates a foreign key name from a class name.
+    # +separate_class_name_and_id_with_underscore+ sets whether
+    # the method should put '_' between the name and 'id'.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   "Message".foreign_key        # => "message_id"
+    #   "Message".foreign_key(false) # => "messageid"
+    #   "Admin::Post".foreign_key    # => "post_id"
+    def foreign_key(class_name, separate_class_name_and_id_with_underscore = true)
+      underscore(demodulize(class_name)) + (separate_class_name_and_id_with_underscore ? "_id" : "id")
+    end
+
+    # Ruby 1.9 introduces an inherit argument for Module#const_get and
+    # #const_defined? and changes their default behavior.
+    if Module.method(:const_get).arity == 1
+      # Tries to find a constant with the name specified in the argument string:
+      #
+      #   "Module".constantize     # => Module
+      #   "Test::Unit".constantize # => Test::Unit
+      #
+      # The name is assumed to be the one of a top-level constant, no matter whether
+      # it starts with "::" or not. No lexical context is taken into account:
+      #
+      #   C = 'outside'
+      #   module M
+      #     C = 'inside'
+      #     C               # => 'inside'
+      #     "C".constantize # => 'outside', same as ::C
+      #   end
+      #
+      # NameError is raised when the name is not in CamelCase or the constant is
+      # unknown.
+      def constantize(camel_cased_word)
+        names = camel_cased_word.split('::')
+        names.shift if names.empty? || names.first.empty?
+
+        constant = Object
+        names.each do |name|
+          constant = constant.const_defined?(name) ? constant.const_get(name) : constant.const_missing(name)
+        end
+        constant
+      end
+    else
+      def constantize(camel_cased_word) #:nodoc:
+        names = camel_cased_word.split('::')
+        names.shift if names.empty? || names.first.empty?
+
+        constant = Object
+        names.each do |name|
+          constant = constant.const_defined?(name, false) ? constant.const_get(name) : constant.const_missing(name)
+        end
+        constant
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Tries to find a constant with the name specified in the argument string:
+    #
+    #   "Module".safe_constantize     # => Module
+    #   "Test::Unit".safe_constantize # => Test::Unit
+    #
+    # The name is assumed to be the one of a top-level constant, no matter whether
+    # it starts with "::" or not. No lexical context is taken into account:
+    #
+    #   C = 'outside'
+    #   module M
+    #     C = 'inside'
+    #     C                    # => 'inside'
+    #     "C".safe_constantize # => 'outside', same as ::C
+    #   end
+    #
+    # nil is returned when the name is not in CamelCase or the constant (or part of it) is
+    # unknown.
+    #
+    #   "blargle".safe_constantize  # => nil
+    #   "UnknownModule".safe_constantize  # => nil
+    #   "UnknownModule::Foo::Bar".safe_constantize  # => nil
+    #
+    def safe_constantize(camel_cased_word)
+      begin
+        constantize(camel_cased_word)
+      rescue NameError => e
+        raise unless e.message =~ /(uninitialized constant|wrong constant name) #{const_regexp(camel_cased_word)}$/ ||
+            e.name.to_s == camel_cased_word.to_s
+      rescue ArgumentError => e
+        raise unless e.message =~ /not missing constant #{const_regexp(camel_cased_word)}\!$/
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Turns a number into an ordinal string used to denote the position in an
+    # ordered sequence such as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #   ordinalize(1)     # => "1st"
+    #   ordinalize(2)     # => "2nd"
+    #   ordinalize(1002)  # => "1002nd"
+    #   ordinalize(1003)  # => "1003rd"
+    #   ordinalize(-11)   # => "-11th"
+    #   ordinalize(-1021) # => "-1021st"
+    def ordinalize(number)
+      if (11..13).include?(number.to_i.abs % 100)
+        "#{number}th"
+      else
+        case number.to_i.abs % 10
+          when 1; "#{number}st"
+          when 2; "#{number}nd"
+          when 3; "#{number}rd"
+          else    "#{number}th"
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    # Mount a regular expression that will match part by part of the constant.
+    # For instance, Foo::Bar::Baz will generate Foo(::Bar(::Baz)?)?
+    def const_regexp(camel_cased_word) #:nodoc:
+      parts = camel_cased_word.split("::")
+      last  = parts.pop
+
+      parts.reverse.inject(last) do |acc, part|
+        part.empty? ? acc : "#{part}(::#{acc})?"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Applies inflection rules for +singularize+ and +pluralize+.
+    #
+    # Examples:
+    #  apply_inflections("post", inflections.plurals) # => "posts"
+    #  apply_inflections("posts", inflections.singulars) # => "post"
+    def apply_inflections(word, rules)
+      result = word.to_s.dup
+
+      if word.empty? || inflections.uncountables.any? { |inflection| result =~ /\b#{inflection}\Z/i }
+        result
+      else
+        rules.each { |(rule, replacement)| break if result.gsub!(rule, replacement) }
+        result
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end