activerecord 1.0.0 → 1.1.0

data/CHANGELOG

@@ -1,3 +1,104 @@
+*1.1.0* (34)
+
+* Added automatic fixture setup and instance variable availability. Fixtures can also be automatically 
+  instantiated in instance variables relating to their names using the following style:
+
+    class FixturesTest < Test::Unit::TestCase
+      fixtures :developers # you can add more with comma separation
+
+      def test_developers
+        assert_equal 3, @developers.size # the container for all the fixtures is automatically set
+        assert_kind_of Developer, @david # works like @developers["david"].find
+        assert_equal "David Heinemeier Hansson", @david.name
+      end
+    end
+
+* Added HasAndBelongsToManyAssociation#push_with_attributes(object, join_attributes) that can create associations in the join table with additional
+  attributes. This is really useful when you have information that's only relevant to the join itself, such as a "added_on" column for an association
+  between post and category. The added attributes will automatically be injected into objects retrieved through the association similar to the piggy-back
+  approach:
+  
+    post.categories.push_with_attributes(category, :added_on => Date.today)
+    post.categories.first.added_on # => Date.today
+    
+  NOTE: The categories table doesn't have a added_on column, it's the categories_post join table that does!
+
+* Fixed that :exclusively_dependent and :dependent can't be activated at the same time on has_many associations [bitsweat]
+
+* Fixed that database passwords couldn't be all numeric [bitsweat]
+
+* Fixed that calling id would create the instance variable for new_records preventing them from being saved correctly [bitsweat]
+
+* Added sanitization feature to HasManyAssociation#find_all so it works just like Base.find_all [Sam Stephenson/bitsweat]
+
+* Added that you can pass overlapping ids to find without getting duplicated records back [bitsweat]
+
+* Added that Base.benchmark returns the result of the block [bitsweat]
+
+* Fixed problem with unit tests on Windows with SQLite [paterno]
+
+* Fixed that quotes would break regular non-yaml fixtures [Dmitry Sabanin/daft]
+
+* Fixed fixtures on windows with line endings cause problems under unix / mac [Tobias Luetke]
+
+* Added HasAndBelongsToManyAssociation#find(id) that'll search inside the collection and find the object or record with that id
+
+* Added :conditions option to has_and_belongs_to_many that works just like the one on all the other associations
+
+* Added AssociationCollection#clear to remove all associations from has_many and has_and_belongs_to_many associations without destroying the records [geech]
+
+* Added type-checking and remove in 1-instead-of-N sql statements to AssociationCollection#delete [geech]
+
+* Added a return of self to AssociationCollection#<< so appending can be chained, like project << Milestone.create << Milestone.create [geech]
+
+* Added Base#hash and Base#eql? which means that all of the equality using features of array and other containers now works:
+
+    [ Person.find(1), Person.find(2), Person.find(3) ] & [ Person.find(1), Person.find(4) ] # => [ Person.find(1) ]
+
+* Added :uniq as an option to has_and_belongs_to_many which will automatically ensure that AssociateCollection#uniq is called
+  before pulling records out of the association. This is especially useful for three-way (and above) has_and_belongs_to_many associations.
+
+* Added AssociateCollection#uniq which is especially useful for has_and_belongs_to_many associations that can include duplicates,
+  which is common on associations that also use metadata. Usage: post.categories.uniq
+
+* Fixed respond_to? to use a subclass specific hash instead of an Active Record-wide one
+
+* Fixed has_and_belongs_to_many to treat associations between classes in modules properly [Florian Weber]
+
+* Added a NoMethod exception to be raised when query and writer methods are called for attributes that doesn't exist [geech]
+
+* Added a more robust version of Fixtures that throws meaningful errors when on formatting issues [geech]
+
+* Added Base#transaction as a compliment to Base.transaction for prettier use in instance methods [geech]
+
+* Improved the speed of respond_to? by placing the dynamic methods lookup table in a hash [geech]
+
+* Added that any additional fields added to the join table in a has_and_belongs_to_many association 
+  will be placed as attributes when pulling records out through has_and_belongs_to_many associations. 
+  This is helpful when have information about the association itself that you want available on retrival.
+
+* Added better loading exception catching and RubyGems retries to the database adapters [alexeyv]
+
+* Fixed bug with per-model transactions [daniel]
+
+* Fixed Base#transaction so that it returns the result of the last expression in the transaction block [alexeyv]
+
+* Added Fixture#find to find the record corresponding to the fixture id. The record 
+  class name is guessed by using Inflector#classify (also new) on the fixture directory name.
+  
+    Before: Document.find(@documents["first"]["id"])
+    After : @documents["first"].find
+
+* Fixed that the table name part of column names ("TABLE.COLUMN") wasn't removed properly [Andreas Schwarz]
+
+* Fixed a bug with Base#size when a finder_sql was used that didn't capitalize SELECT and FROM [geech]
+
+* Fixed quoting problems on SQLite by adding quote_string to the AbstractAdapter that can be overwritten by the concrete
+  adapters for a call to the dbm. [Andreas Schwarz]
+  
+* Removed RubyGems backup strategy for requiring SQLite-adapter -- if people want to use gems, they're already doing it with AR.
+
+
 *1.0.0 (35)*
 
 * Added OO-style associations methods [Florian Weber]. Examples:
@@ -45,7 +146,7 @@
       log { result = ... }
       result.map { ... }
 
-* Added "socket" option for the MySQL adapter, so you can change it to something else than "/tmp/mysql.sock" [Anna Liss Cruz]
+* Added "socket" option for the MySQL adapter, so you can change it to something else than "/tmp/mysql.sock" [Anna Lissa Cruz]
 
 * Added respond_to? answers for all the attribute methods. So if Person has a name attribute retrieved from the table schema, 
   person.respond_to? "name" will return true.

data/dev-utils/eval_debugger.rb

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
-# Require the eval_debugger to get an insight into the methods that aggregations and associations macross are adding.
-# All the additions are reported to $stderr just by requiring this file.
+# Require this file to see the methods Active Record generates as they are added.
 class Module
-	alias :old_module_eval :module_eval
-	def module_eval(*args, &block)
-		puts("in #{self.name}, #{if args[1] then "file #{args[1]}" end} #{if args[2] then "on line #{args[2]}" end}:\n#{args[0]}") if args[0]
-		old_module_eval(*args, &block)
-	end
+  alias :old_module_eval :module_eval
+  def module_eval(*args, &block)
+    if args[0]
+      puts  "----"
+      print "module_eval in #{self.name}"
+      print ": file #{args[1]}" if args[1]
+      print " on line #{args[2]}" if args[2]
+      puts  "\n#{args[0]}"
+    end
+    old_module_eval(*args, &block)
+  end
 end

data/lib/active_record.rb

@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@
 # WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #++
 
+
 $:.unshift(File.dirname(__FILE__))
 
 require 'active_record/support/clean_logger'
+# require 'active_record/support/array_ext'
 
 require 'active_record/base'
 require 'active_record/observer'

data/lib/active_record/aggregations.rb

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     #
     #    def <=>(other_money)
     #      if currency == other_money.currency
-    #        among <=> amount
+    #        amount <=> amount
     #      else
     #        amount <=> other_money.exchange_to(currency).amount
     #      end

data/lib/active_record/associations.rb

@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
     #     has_and_belongs_to_many :categories
     #   end
     #
-    # The project class now has the following methods to ease the traversel and manipulation of its relationships:
+    # The project class now has the following methods (and more) to ease the traversal and manipulation of its relationships:
     # * <tt>Project#portfolio, Project#portfolio=(portfolio), Project#portfolio.nil?, Project#portfolio?(portfolio)</tt>
-    # * <tt>Project#project_manager, Project#project_manager=(project_manager), Project#project_manger.nil?,</tt>
+    # * <tt>Project#project_manager, Project#project_manager=(project_manager), Project#project_manager.nil?,</tt>
     #   <tt>Project#project_manager?(project_manager), Project#build_project_manager, Project#create_project_manager</tt>
     # * <tt>Project#milestones.empty?, Project#milestones.size, Project#milestones, Project#milestones<<(milestone),</tt>
     #   <tt>Project#milestones.delete(milestone), Project#milestones.find(milestone_id), Project#milestones.find_all(conditions),</tt>
@@ -119,10 +119,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # +collection+ is replaced with the symbol passed as the first argument, so 
       # <tt>has_many :clients</tt> would add among others <tt>has_clients?</tt>.
       # * <tt>collection(force_reload = false)</tt> - returns an array of all the associated objects.
-      #   An empty array is returned if none is found.
-      # * <tt>collection<<(object)</tt> - adds the object to the collection (by setting the foreign key on it) and saves it.
-      # * <tt>collection.delete(object)</tt> - removes the association by setting the foreign key to null on the associated object.
-      # * <tt>!collection.empty?</tt> - returns true if there's any associated objects.
+      #   An empty array is returned if none are found.
+      # * <tt>collection<<(object, ...)</tt> - adds one or more objects to the collection by setting their foreign keys to the collection's primary key.
+      # * <tt>collection.delete(object, ...)</tt> - removes one or more objects from the collection by setting their foreign keys to NULL.  This does not destroy the objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.clear</tt> - removes every object from the collection. This does not destroy the objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.empty?</tt> - returns true if there are no associated objects.
       # * <tt>collection.size</tt> - returns the number of associated objects.
       # * <tt>collection.find(id)</tt> - finds an associated object responding to the +id+ and that
       #   meets the condition that it has to be associated with this object.
@@ -137,13 +138,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # * <tt>Firm#clients</tt> (similar to <tt>Clients.find_all "firm_id = #{id}"</tt>)
       # * <tt>Firm#clients<<</tt>
       # * <tt>Firm#clients.delete</tt>
-      # * <tt>!Firm#clients.empty?</tt> (similar to <tt>firm.clients.length > 0</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.clear</tt>
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.empty?</tt> (similar to <tt>firm.clients.size == 0</tt>)
       # * <tt>Firm#clients.size</tt> (similar to <tt>Client.count "firm_id = #{id}"</tt>)
       # * <tt>Firm#clients.find</tt> (similar to <tt>Client.find_on_conditions(id, "firm_id = #{id}")</tt>)
       # * <tt>Firm#clients.find_all</tt> (similar to <tt>Client.find_all "firm_id = #{id}"</tt>)
       # * <tt>Firm#clients.build</tt> (similar to <tt>Client.new("firm_id" => id)</tt>)
       # * <tt>Firm#clients.create</tt> (similar to <tt>c = Client.new("client_id" => id); c.save; c</tt>)
-      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the generated methods.
+      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the behavior of the association.
       # 
       # Options are:
       # * <tt>:class_name</tt>  - specify the class name of the association. Use it only if that name can't be infered
@@ -156,10 +158,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # * <tt>:foreign_key</tt> - specify the foreign key used for the association. By default this is guessed to be the name
       #   of this class in lower-case and "_id" suffixed. So a +Person+ class that makes a has_many association will use "person_id"
       #   as the default foreign_key.
-      # * <tt>:dependent</tt>   - if set to true all the associated object are destroyed alongside this object
+      # * <tt>:dependent</tt>   - if set to true all the associated object are destroyed alongside this object.
+      #   May not be set if :exclusively_dependent is also set.
       # * <tt>:exclusively_dependent</tt>   - if set to true all the associated object are deleted in one SQL statement without having their
       #   before_destroy callback run. This should only be used on associations that depend solely on this class and don't need to do any
       #   clean-up in before_destroy. The upside is that it's much faster, especially if there's a counter_cache involved.
+      #   May not be set if :dependent is also set.
       # * <tt>:finder_sql</tt>  - specify a complete SQL statement to fetch the association. This is a good way to go for complex
       #   associations that depends on multiple tables. Note: When this option is used, +find_in_collection+ is _not_ added.
       #
@@ -177,25 +181,26 @@ module ActiveRecord
         association_name, association_class_name, association_class_primary_key_name =
               associate_identification(association_id, options[:class_name], options[:foreign_key])
  
-        if options[:dependent]
+        if options[:dependent] and options[:exclusively_dependent]
+          raise ArgumentError, ':dependent and :exclusively_dependent are mutually exclusive options.  You may specify one or the other.'
+        elsif options[:dependent]
           module_eval "before_destroy '#{association_name}.each { |o| o.destroy }'"
+        elsif options[:exclusively_dependent]
+          module_eval "before_destroy { |record| #{association_class_name}.delete_all(%(#{association_class_primary_key_name} = '\#{record.id}')) }"
         end
 
-        if options[:exclusively_dependent]
-          module_eval "before_destroy Proc.new{ |record| #{association_class_name}.delete_all(%(#{association_class_primary_key_name} = '\#{record.id}')) }"
-        end
-
-        module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
-          def #{association_name}(force_reload = false)
-            if @#{association_name}.nil?
-                @#{association_name} = HasManyAssociation.new(self, "#{association_name}", "#{association_class_name}", 
-                  "#{association_class_primary_key_name}", #{options.inspect})
-            end
-            @#{association_name}.reload if force_reload
-            
-            return @#{association_name}
+        define_method(association_name) do |*params|
+          force_reload = params.first unless params.empty?
+          association = instance_variable_get("@#{association_name}")
+          if association.nil?
+            association = HasManyAssociation.new(self,
+              association_name, association_class_name,
+              association_class_primary_key_name, options)
+            instance_variable_set("@#{association_name}", association)
           end
-        end_eval
+          association.reload if force_reload
+          association
+        end
         
         # deprecated api
         deprecated_collection_count_method(association_name)
@@ -216,7 +221,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   and saves the associate object.
       # * <tt>association?(object, force_reload = false)</tt> - returns true if the +object+ is of the same type and has the
       #   same id as the associated object.
-      # * <tt>!association.nil?</tt> - returns true if there's an associated object.
+      # * <tt>association.nil?</tt> - returns true if there is no associated object.
       # * <tt>build_association(attributes = {})</tt> - returns a new object of the associated type that has been instantiated
       #   with +attributes+ and linked to this object through a foreign key but has not yet been saved.
       # * <tt>create_association(attributes = {})</tt> - returns a new object of the associated type that has been instantiated
@@ -226,10 +231,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # * <tt>Account#beneficiary</tt> (similar to <tt>Beneficiary.find_first "account_id = #{id}"</tt>)
       # * <tt>Account#beneficiary=(beneficiary)</tt> (similar to <tt>beneficiary.account_id = account.id; beneficiary.save</tt>)
       # * <tt>Account#beneficiary?</tt> (similar to <tt>account.beneficiary == some_beneficiary</tt>)
-      # * <tt>!Account#beneficiary.nil?</tt>
+      # * <tt>Account#beneficiary.nil?</tt>
       # * <tt>Account#build_beneficiary</tt> (similar to <tt>Beneficiary.new("account_id" => id)</tt>)
       # * <tt>Account#create_beneficiary</tt> (similar to <tt>b = Beneficiary.new("account_id" => id); b.save; b</tt>)
-      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the generated methods.
+      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the behavior of the association.
       # 
       # Options are:
       # * <tt>:class_name</tt>  - specify the class name of the association. Use it only if that name can't be infered
@@ -269,14 +274,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # * <tt>association=(associate)</tt> - assigns the associate object, extracts the primary key, and sets it as the foreign key.
       # * <tt>association?(object, force_reload = false)</tt> - returns true if the +object+ is of the same type and has the
       #   same id as the associated object.
-      # * <tt>association.nil?</tt> - returns true if there's an associated object.
+      # * <tt>association.nil?</tt> - returns true if there is no associated object.
       #
       # Example: An Post class declares <tt>has_one :author</tt>, which will add:
       # * <tt>Post#author</tt> (similar to <tt>Author.find(author_id)</tt>)
       # * <tt>Post#author=(author)</tt> (similar to <tt>post.author_id = author.id</tt>)
       # * <tt>Post#author?</tt> (similar to <tt>post.author == some_author</tt>)
-      # * <tt>!Post#author.nil?</tt>
-      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the generated methods.
+      # * <tt>Post#author.nil?</tt>
+      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the behavior of the association.
       # 
       # Options are:
       # * <tt>:class_name</tt>  - specify the class name of the association. Use it only if that name can't be infered
@@ -341,25 +346,37 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # Associates two classes via an intermediate join table.  Unless the join table is explicitly specified as
       # an option, it is guessed using the lexical order of the class names. So a join between Developer and Project
       # will give the default join table name of "developers_projects" because "D" outranks "P".
+      #
+      # Any additional fields added to the join table will be placed as attributes when pulling records out through
+      # has_and_belongs_to_many associations. This is helpful when have information about the association itself
+      # that you want available on retrival.
+      #
       # Adds the following methods for retrival and query.
       # +collection+ is replaced with the symbol passed as the first argument, so 
       # <tt>has_and_belongs_to_many :categories</tt> would add among others +add_categories+.
       # * <tt>collection(force_reload = false)</tt> - returns an array of all the associated objects.
       #   An empty array is returned if none is found.
-      # * <tt>!collection.empty?</tt> - returns true if there's any associated objects.
+      # * <tt>collection<<(object, ...)</tt> - adds one or more objects to the collection by creating associations in the join table 
+      #   (collection.push and collection.concat are aliases to this method).
+      # * <tt>collection.push_with_attributes(object, join_attributes)</tt> - adds one to the collection by creating an association in the join table that
+      #   also holds the attributes from <tt>join_attributes</tt> (should be a hash with the column names as keys). This can be used to have additional
+      #   attributes on the join, which will be injected into the associated objects when they are retrieved through the collection.
+      #   (collection.concat_with_attributes is an alias to this method).
+      # * <tt>collection.delete(object, ...)</tt> - removes one or more objects from the collection by removing their associations from the join table.  
+      #   This does not destroy the objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.clear</tt> - removes every object from the collection. This does not destroy the objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.empty?</tt> - returns true if there are no associated objects.
       # * <tt>collection.size</tt> - returns the number of associated objects.
-      # * <tt>collection<<(object)</tt> - adds an association between this object and the object given as argument. Multiple associations
-      #   can be created by passing an array of objects instead.
-      # * <tt>collection.delete(object)</tt> - removes the association between this object and the object given as 
-      #   argument. Multiple associations can be removed by passing an array of objects instead.
       #
       # Example: An Developer class declares <tt>has_and_belongs_to_many :projects</tt>, which will add:
       # * <tt>Developer#projects</tt>
-      # * <tt>!Developer#projects.empty?</tt>
-      # * <tt>Developer#projects.size</tt>
       # * <tt>Developer#projects<<</tt>
       # * <tt>Developer#projects.delete</tt>
-      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the generated methods.
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.clear</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.empty?</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.size</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.find(id)</tt>
+      # The declaration may include an options hash to specialize the behavior of the association.
       # 
       # Options are:
       # * <tt>:class_name</tt> - specify the class name of the association. Use it only if that name can't be infered
@@ -374,7 +391,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # * <tt>:association_foreign_key</tt> - specify the association foreign key used for the association. By default this is
       #   guessed to be the name of the associated class in lower-case and "_id" suffixed. So the associated class is +Project+
       #   that makes a has_and_belongs_to_many association will use "project_id" as the default association foreign_key.
-      # * <tt>:order</tt> - specify the order in which the associated objects are returned as a "ORDER BY" sql fragment, such as "last_name, first_name DESC".
+      # * <tt>:conditions</tt>  - specify the conditions that the associated object must meet in order to be included as a "WHERE"
+      #   sql fragment, such as "authorized = 1".
+      # * <tt>:order</tt> - specify the order in which the associated objects are returned as a "ORDER BY" sql fragment, such as "last_name, first_name DESC"
+      # * <tt>:uniq</tt> - if set to true, duplicate associated objects will be ignored by accessors and query methods
       # * <tt>:finder_sql</tt> - overwrite the default generated SQL used to fetch the association with a manual one
       # * <tt>:delete_sql</tt> - overwrite the default generated SQL used to remove links between the associated 
       #   classes with a manual one
@@ -386,8 +406,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   has_and_belongs_to_many :nations, :class_name => "Country"
       #   has_and_belongs_to_many :categories, :join_table => "prods_cats"
       def has_and_belongs_to_many(association_id, options = {})
-        validate_options([ :class_name, :table_name, :foreign_key, :association_foreign_key,
-                           :join_table, :finder_sql, :delete_sql, :insert_sql, :order ], options.keys)
+        validate_options([ :class_name, :table_name, :foreign_key, :association_foreign_key, :conditions,
+                           :join_table, :finder_sql, :delete_sql, :insert_sql, :order, :uniq ], options.keys)
         association_name, association_class_name, association_class_primary_key_name =
               associate_identification(association_id, options[:class_name], options[:foreign_key])
 
@@ -395,19 +415,20 @@ module ActiveRecord
           join_table_name(undecorated_table_name(self.to_s), undecorated_table_name(association_class_name))
  
         
-        module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
-          def #{association_name}(force_reload = false)
-            if @#{association_name}.nil?
-                @#{association_name} = HasAndBelongsToManyCollection.new(self, "#{association_name}", "#{association_class_name}", 
-                  "#{association_class_primary_key_name}", '#{join_table}', #{options.inspect})
-            end
-            @#{association_name}.reload if force_reload
-            
-            return @#{association_name}
+        define_method(association_name) do |*params|
+          force_reload = params.first unless params.empty?
+          association = instance_variable_get("@#{association_name}")
+          if association.nil?
+            association = HasAndBelongsToManyAssociation.new(self,
+              association_name, association_class_name,
+              association_class_primary_key_name, join_table, options)
+            instance_variable_set("@#{association_name}", association)
           end
-        end_eval
+          association.reload if force_reload
+          association
+        end
 
-        before_destroy_sql = "DELETE FROM #{join_table} WHERE #{Inflector.foreign_key(self.class_name)} = '\\\#{self.id}'"
+        before_destroy_sql = "DELETE FROM #{join_table} WHERE #{association_class_primary_key_name} = '\\\#{self.id}'"
         module_eval(%{before_destroy "self.connection.delete(%{#{before_destroy_sql}})"}) # "
         
         # deprecated api
@@ -533,4 +554,4 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
     end
   end
-end
+end

data/lib/active_record/associations.rb.orig

@@ -0,0 +1,555 @@
+require 'active_record/associations/association_collection'
+require 'active_record/associations/has_many_association'
+require 'active_record/associations/has_and_belongs_to_many_association'
+require 'active_record/deprecated_associations'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module Associations # :nodoc:
+    def self.append_features(base)
+      super
+      base.extend(ClassMethods)
+    end
+
+    # Associations are a set of macro-like class methods for tying objects together through foreign keys. They express relationships like 
+    # "Project has one Project Manager" or "Project belongs to a Portfolio". Each macro adds a number of methods to the class which are 
+    # specialized according to the collection or association symbol and the options hash. It works much the same was as Ruby's own attr* 
+    # methods. Example:
+    #
+    #   class Project < ActiveRecord::Base
+    #     belongs_to              :portfolio
+    #     has_one                 :project_manager 
+    #     has_many                :milestones
+    #     has_and_belongs_to_many :categories
+    #   end
+    #
+    # The project class now has the following methods (and more) to ease the traversal and manipulation of its relationships:
+    # * <tt>Project#portfolio, Project#portfolio=(portfolio), Project#portfolio.nil?, Project#portfolio?(portfolio)</tt>
+    # * <tt>Project#project_manager, Project#project_manager=(project_manager), Project#project_manager.nil?,</tt>
+    #   <tt>Project#project_manager?(project_manager), Project#build_project_manager, Project#create_project_manager</tt>
+    # * <tt>Project#milestones.empty?, Project#milestones.size, Project#milestones, Project#milestones<<(milestone),</tt>
+    #   <tt>Project#milestones.delete(milestone), Project#milestones.find(milestone_id), Project#milestones.find_all(conditions),</tt>
+    #   <tt>Project#milestones.build, Project#milestones.create</tt>
+    # * <tt>Project#categories.empty?, Project#categories.size, Project#categories, Project#categories<<(category1),</tt>
+    #   <tt>Project#categories.delete(category1)</tt>
+    #
+    # == Example
+    #
+    # link:../examples/associations.png
+    #
+    # == Is it belongs_to or has_one?
+    #
+    # Both express a 1-1 relationship, the difference is mostly where to place the foreign key, which goes on the table for the class
+    # saying belongs_to. Example:
+    #
+    #   class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
+    #     has_one :author
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   class Author < ActiveRecord::Base
+    #     belongs_to :post
+    #   end
+    #
+    # The tables for these classes could look something like:
+    #
+    #   CREATE TABLE posts (
+    #     id int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
+    #     title varchar default NULL,
+    #     PRIMARY KEY  (id)
+    #   )
+    #
+    #   CREATE TABLE authors (
+    #     id int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
+    #     post_id int(11) default NULL,
+    #     name varchar default NULL,
+    #     PRIMARY KEY  (id)
+    #   )
+    #
+    # == Caching
+    #
+    # All of the methods are built on a simple caching principle that will keep the result of the last query around unless specifically
+    # instructed not to. The cache is even shared across methods to make it even cheaper to use the macro-added methods without 
+    # worrying too much about performance at the first go. Example:
+    #
+    #   project.milestones             # fetches milestones from the database
+    #   project.milestones.size        # uses the milestone cache
+    #   project.milestones.empty?      # uses the milestone cache
+    #   project.milestones(true).size  # fetches milestones from the database
+    #   project.milestones             # uses the milestone cache
+    #
+    # == Modules
+    #
+    # By default, associations will look for objects within the current module scope. Consider:
+    #
+    #   module MyApplication
+    #     module Business
+    #       class Firm < ActiveRecord::Base
+    #          has_many :clients
+    #        end
+    #
+    #       class Company < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    # When Firm#clients is called, it'll in turn call <tt>MyApplication::Business::Company.find(firm.id)</tt>. If you want to associate
+    # with a class in another module scope this can be done by specifying the complete class name, such as:
+    #
+    #   module MyApplication
+    #     module Business
+    #       class Firm < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+    #     end
+    #
+    #     module Billing
+    #       class Account < ActiveRecord::Base
+    #         belongs_to :firm, :class_name => "MyApplication::Business::Firm"
+    #       end
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    # == Type safety with ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch
+    #
+    # If you attempt to assign an object to an association that doesn't match the inferred or specified <tt>:class_name</tt>, you'll
+    # get a ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch.
+    #
+    # == Options
+    #
+    # All of the association macros can be specialized through options which makes more complex cases than the simple and guessable ones
+    # possible.
+    module ClassMethods
+      # Adds the following methods for retrival and query of collections of associated objects.
+      # +collection+ is replaced with the symbol passed as the first argument, so 
+      # <tt>has_many :clients</tt> would add among others <tt>has_clients?</tt>.
+      # * <tt>collection(force_reload = false)</tt> - returns an array of all the associated objects.
+      #   An empty array is returned if none are found.
+      # * <tt>collection<<(object, ...)</tt> - adds one or more objects to the collection by setting their foreign keys to the collection's primary key.
+      # * <tt>collection.delete(object, ...)</tt> - removes one or more objects from the collection by setting their foreign keys to NULL.  This does not destroy the objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.clear</tt> - removes every object from the collection. This does not destroy the objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.empty?</tt> - returns true if there are no associated objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.size</tt> - returns the number of associated objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.find(id)</tt> - finds an associated object responding to the +id+ and that
+      #   meets the condition that it has to be associated with this object.
+      # * <tt>collection.find_all(conditions = nil, orderings = nil, limit = nil, joins = nil)</tt> - finds all associated objects responding 
+      #   criterias mentioned (like in the standard find_all) and that meets the condition that it has to be associated with this object.
+      # * <tt>collection.build(attributes = {})</tt> - returns a new object of the collection type that has been instantiated
+      #   with +attributes+ and linked to this object through a foreign key but has not yet been saved.
+      # * <tt>collection.create(attributes = {})</tt> - returns a new object of the collection type that has been instantiated
+      #   with +attributes+ and linked to this object through a foreign key and that has already been saved (if it passed the validation).
+      #
+      # Example: A Firm class declares <tt>has_many :clients</tt>, which will add:
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients</tt> (similar to <tt>Clients.find_all "firm_id = #{id}"</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients<<</tt>
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.delete</tt>
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.clear</tt>
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.empty?</tt> (similar to <tt>firm.clients.size == 0</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.size</tt> (similar to <tt>Client.count "firm_id = #{id}"</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.find</tt> (similar to <tt>Client.find_on_conditions(id, "firm_id = #{id}")</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.find_all</tt> (similar to <tt>Client.find_all "firm_id = #{id}"</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.build</tt> (similar to <tt>Client.new("firm_id" => id)</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Firm#clients.create</tt> (similar to <tt>c = Client.new("client_id" => id); c.save; c</tt>)
+      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the behavior of the association.
+      # 
+      # Options are:
+      # * <tt>:class_name</tt>  - specify the class name of the association. Use it only if that name can't be infered
+      #   from the association name. So <tt>has_many :products</tt> will by default be linked to the +Product+ class, but
+      #   if the real class name is +SpecialProduct+, you'll have to specify it with this option.
+      # * <tt>:conditions</tt>  - specify the conditions that the associated objects must meet in order to be included as a "WHERE"
+      #   sql fragment, such as "price > 5 AND name LIKE 'B%'".
+      # * <tt>:order</tt>       - specify the order in which the associated objects are returned as a "ORDER BY" sql fragment,
+      #   such as "last_name, first_name DESC"
+      # * <tt>:foreign_key</tt> - specify the foreign key used for the association. By default this is guessed to be the name
+      #   of this class in lower-case and "_id" suffixed. So a +Person+ class that makes a has_many association will use "person_id"
+      #   as the default foreign_key.
+      # * <tt>:dependent</tt>   - if set to true all the associated object are destroyed alongside this object
+      # * <tt>:exclusively_dependent</tt>   - if set to true all the associated object are deleted in one SQL statement without having their
+      #   before_destroy callback run. This should only be used on associations that depend solely on this class and don't need to do any
+      #   clean-up in before_destroy. The upside is that it's much faster, especially if there's a counter_cache involved.
+      # * <tt>:finder_sql</tt>  - specify a complete SQL statement to fetch the association. This is a good way to go for complex
+      #   associations that depends on multiple tables. Note: When this option is used, +find_in_collection+ is _not_ added.
+      #
+      # Option examples:
+      #   has_many :comments, :order => "posted_on"
+      #   has_many :people, :class_name => "Person", :conditions => "deleted = 0", :order => "name"
+      #   has_many :tracks, :order => "position", :dependent => true
+      #   has_many :subscribers, :class_name => "Person", :finder_sql =>
+      #       'SELECT DISTINCT people.* ' +
+      #       'FROM people p, post_subscriptions ps ' +
+      #       'WHERE ps.post_id = #{id} AND ps.person_id = p.id ' +
+      #       'ORDER BY p.first_name'
+      def has_many(association_id, options = {})
+        validate_options([ :foreign_key, :class_name, :exclusively_dependent, :dependent, :conditions, :order, :finder_sql ], options.keys)
+        association_name, association_class_name, association_class_primary_key_name =
+              associate_identification(association_id, options[:class_name], options[:foreign_key])
+ 
+        if options[:dependent]
+          module_eval "before_destroy '#{association_name}.each { |o| o.destroy }'"
+        end
+
+        if options[:exclusively_dependent]
+          module_eval "before_destroy Proc.new{ |record| #{association_class_name}.delete_all(%(#{association_class_primary_key_name} = '\#{record.id}')) }"
+        end
+
+        define_method(association_name) do |*params|
+          force_reload = params.first unless params.empty?
+          association = instance_variable_get("@#{association_name}")
+          if association.nil?
+            association = HasManyAssociation.new(self,
+              association_name, association_class_name,
+              association_class_primary_key_name, options)
+            instance_variable_set("@#{association_name}", association)
+          end
+          association.reload if force_reload
+          association
+        end
+        
+        # deprecated api
+        deprecated_collection_count_method(association_name)
+        deprecated_add_association_relation(association_name)
+        deprecated_remove_association_relation(association_name)
+        deprecated_has_collection_method(association_name)
+        deprecated_find_in_collection_method(association_name)
+        deprecated_find_all_in_collection_method(association_name)
+        deprecated_create_method(association_name)
+        deprecated_build_method(association_name)
+      end
+
+      # Adds the following methods for retrival and query of a single associated object.
+      # +association+ is replaced with the symbol passed as the first argument, so 
+      # <tt>has_one :manager</tt> would add among others <tt>has_manager?</tt>.
+      # * <tt>association(force_reload = false)</tt> - returns the associated object. Nil is returned if none is found.
+      # * <tt>association=(associate)</tt> - assigns the associate object, extracts the primary key, sets it as the foreign key, 
+      #   and saves the associate object.
+      # * <tt>association?(object, force_reload = false)</tt> - returns true if the +object+ is of the same type and has the
+      #   same id as the associated object.
+      # * <tt>association.nil?</tt> - returns true if there is no associated object.
+      # * <tt>build_association(attributes = {})</tt> - returns a new object of the associated type that has been instantiated
+      #   with +attributes+ and linked to this object through a foreign key but has not yet been saved.
+      # * <tt>create_association(attributes = {})</tt> - returns a new object of the associated type that has been instantiated
+      #   with +attributes+ and linked to this object through a foreign key and that has already been saved (if it passed the validation).
+      #
+      # Example: An Account class declares <tt>has_one :beneficiary</tt>, which will add:
+      # * <tt>Account#beneficiary</tt> (similar to <tt>Beneficiary.find_first "account_id = #{id}"</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Account#beneficiary=(beneficiary)</tt> (similar to <tt>beneficiary.account_id = account.id; beneficiary.save</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Account#beneficiary?</tt> (similar to <tt>account.beneficiary == some_beneficiary</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Account#beneficiary.nil?</tt>
+      # * <tt>Account#build_beneficiary</tt> (similar to <tt>Beneficiary.new("account_id" => id)</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Account#create_beneficiary</tt> (similar to <tt>b = Beneficiary.new("account_id" => id); b.save; b</tt>)
+      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the behavior of the association.
+      # 
+      # Options are:
+      # * <tt>:class_name</tt>  - specify the class name of the association. Use it only if that name can't be infered
+      #   from the association name. So <tt>has_one :manager</tt> will by default be linked to the +Manager+ class, but
+      #   if the real class name is +Person+, you'll have to specify it with this option.
+      # * <tt>:conditions</tt>  - specify the conditions that the associated object must meet in order to be included as a "WHERE"
+      #   sql fragment, such as "rank = 5".
+      # * <tt>:order</tt>       - specify the order from which the associated object will be picked at the top. Specified as
+      #    an "ORDER BY" sql fragment, such as "last_name, first_name DESC"
+      # * <tt>:dependent</tt>   - if set to true the associated object is destroyed alongside this object
+      # * <tt>:foreign_key</tt> - specify the foreign key used for the association. By default this is guessed to be the name
+      #   of this class in lower-case and "_id" suffixed. So a +Person+ class that makes a has_one association will use "person_id"
+      #   as the default foreign_key.
+      #
+      # Option examples:
+      #   has_one :credit_card, :dependent => true
+      #   has_one :last_comment, :class_name => "Comment", :order => "posted_on"
+      #   has_one :project_manager, :class_name => "Person", :conditions => "role = 'project_manager'"
+      def has_one(association_id, options = {})
+        options.merge!({ :remote => true })
+        belongs_to(association_id, options)
+
+        association_name, association_class_name, class_primary_key_name =
+            associate_identification(association_id, options[:class_name], options[:foreign_key], false)
+
+        has_one_writer_method(association_name, association_class_name, class_primary_key_name)
+        build_method("build_", association_name, association_class_name, class_primary_key_name)
+        create_method("create_", association_name, association_class_name, class_primary_key_name)
+        
+        module_eval "before_destroy '#{association_name}.destroy if has_#{association_name}?'" if options[:dependent]
+      end
+
+      # Adds the following methods for retrival and query for a single associated object that this object holds an id to.
+      # +association+ is replaced with the symbol passed as the first argument, so 
+      # <tt>belongs_to :author</tt> would add among others <tt>has_author?</tt>.
+      # * <tt>association(force_reload = false)</tt> - returns the associated object. Nil is returned if none is found.
+      # * <tt>association=(associate)</tt> - assigns the associate object, extracts the primary key, and sets it as the foreign key.
+      # * <tt>association?(object, force_reload = false)</tt> - returns true if the +object+ is of the same type and has the
+      #   same id as the associated object.
+      # * <tt>association.nil?</tt> - returns true if there is no associated object.
+      #
+      # Example: An Post class declares <tt>has_one :author</tt>, which will add:
+      # * <tt>Post#author</tt> (similar to <tt>Author.find(author_id)</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Post#author=(author)</tt> (similar to <tt>post.author_id = author.id</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Post#author?</tt> (similar to <tt>post.author == some_author</tt>)
+      # * <tt>Post#author.nil?</tt>
+      # The declaration can also include an options hash to specialize the behavior of the association.
+      # 
+      # Options are:
+      # * <tt>:class_name</tt>  - specify the class name of the association. Use it only if that name can't be infered
+      #   from the association name. So <tt>has_one :author</tt> will by default be linked to the +Author+ class, but
+      #   if the real class name is +Person+, you'll have to specify it with this option.
+      # * <tt>:conditions</tt>  - specify the conditions that the associated object must meet in order to be included as a "WHERE"
+      #   sql fragment, such as "authorized = 1".
+      # * <tt>:order</tt>       - specify the order from which the associated object will be picked at the top. Specified as
+      #   an "ORDER BY" sql fragment, such as "last_name, first_name DESC"
+      # * <tt>:foreign_key</tt> - specify the foreign key used for the association. By default this is guessed to be the name
+      #   of the associated class in lower-case and "_id" suffixed. So a +Person+ class that makes a belongs_to association to a
+      #   +Boss+ class will use "boss_id" as the default foreign_key.
+      # * <tt>:counter_cache</tt> - caches the number of belonging objects on the associate class through use of increment_counter 
+      #   and decrement_counter. The counter cache is incremented when an object of this class is created and decremented when it's
+      #   destroyed. This requires that a column named "#{table_name}_count" (such as comments_count for a belonging Comment class)
+      #   is used on the associate class (such as a Post class).
+      #
+      # Option examples:
+      #   belongs_to :firm, :foreign_key => "client_of"
+      #   belongs_to :author, :class_name => "Person", :foreign_key => "author_id"
+      #   belongs_to :valid_coupon, :class_name => "Coupon", :foreign_key => "coupon_id", 
+      #              :conditions => 'discounts > #{payments_count}'
+       def belongs_to(association_id, options = {})
+          validate_options([ :class_name, :foreign_key, :remote, :conditions, :order, :dependent, :counter_cache ], options.keys)
+
+          association_name, association_class_name, class_primary_key_name =
+              associate_identification(association_id, options[:class_name], options[:foreign_key], false)
+
+          association_class_primary_key_name = options[:foreign_key] || Inflector.underscore(Inflector.demodulize(association_class_name)) + "_id"
+
+          if options[:remote]
+            association_finder = <<-"end_eval"
+              #{association_class_name}.find_first(
+                "#{class_primary_key_name} = '\#{id}'#{options[:conditions] ? " AND " + options[:conditions] : ""}",
+                #{options[:order] ? "\"" + options[:order] + "\"" : "nil" }
+              )
+            end_eval
+          else
+            association_finder = options[:conditions] ?
+              "#{association_class_name}.find_on_conditions(#{association_class_primary_key_name}, \"#{options[:conditions]}\")" :
+              "#{association_class_name}.find(#{association_class_primary_key_name})"
+          end
+
+          has_association_method(association_name)
+          association_reader_method(association_name, association_finder)
+          belongs_to_writer_method(association_name, association_class_name, association_class_primary_key_name)
+          association_comparison_method(association_name, association_class_name)
+
+          if options[:counter_cache]
+            module_eval(
+              "after_create '#{association_class_name}.increment_counter(\"#{Inflector.pluralize(self.to_s.downcase). + "_count"}\", #{association_class_primary_key_name})" +
+              " if has_#{association_name}?'"
+            )
+
+            module_eval(
+              "before_destroy '#{association_class_name}.decrement_counter(\"#{Inflector.pluralize(self.to_s.downcase) + "_count"}\", #{association_class_primary_key_name})" +
+              " if has_#{association_name}?'"
+            )          
+          end
+        end
+
+      # Associates two classes via an intermediate join table.  Unless the join table is explicitly specified as
+      # an option, it is guessed using the lexical order of the class names. So a join between Developer and Project
+      # will give the default join table name of "developers_projects" because "D" outranks "P".
+      #
+      # Any additional fields added to the join table will be placed as attributes when pulling records out through
+      # has_and_belongs_to_many associations. This is helpful when have information about the association itself
+      # that you want available on retrival.
+      #
+      # Adds the following methods for retrival and query.
+      # +collection+ is replaced with the symbol passed as the first argument, so 
+      # <tt>has_and_belongs_to_many :categories</tt> would add among others +add_categories+.
+      # * <tt>collection(force_reload = false)</tt> - returns an array of all the associated objects.
+      #   An empty array is returned if none is found.
+      # * <tt>collection<<(object, ...)</tt> - adds one or more objects to the collection by creating associations in the join table 
+      #   (collection.push and collection.concat are aliases to this method).
+      # * <tt>collection.push_with_attributes(object, join_attributes)</tt> - adds one to the collection by creating an association in the join table that
+      #   also holds the attributes from <tt>join_attributes</tt> (should be a hash with the column names as keys). This can be used to have additional
+      #   attributes on the join, which will be injected into the associated objects when they are retrieved through the collection.
+      #   (collection.concat_with_attributes is an alias to this method).
+      # * <tt>collection.delete(object, ...)</tt> - removes one or more objects from the collection by removing their associations from the join table.  
+      #   This does not destroy the objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.clear</tt> - removes every object from the collection. This does not destroy the objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.empty?</tt> - returns true if there are no associated objects.
+      # * <tt>collection.size</tt> - returns the number of associated objects.
+      #
+      # Example: An Developer class declares <tt>has_and_belongs_to_many :projects</tt>, which will add:
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects<<</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.delete</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.clear</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.empty?</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.size</tt>
+      # * <tt>Developer#projects.find(id)</tt>
+      # The declaration may include an options hash to specialize the behavior of the association.
+      # 
+      # Options are:
+      # * <tt>:class_name</tt> - specify the class name of the association. Use it only if that name can't be infered
+      #   from the association name. So <tt>has_and_belongs_to_many :projects</tt> will by default be linked to the 
+      #   +Project+ class, but if the real class name is +SuperProject+, you'll have to specify it with this option.
+      # * <tt>:join_table</tt> - specify the name of the join table if the default based on lexical order isn't what you want.
+      #   WARNING: If you're overwriting the table name of either class, the table_name method MUST be declared underneath any
+      #   has_and_belongs_to_many declaration in order to work.
+      # * <tt>:foreign_key</tt> - specify the foreign key used for the association. By default this is guessed to be the name
+      #   of this class in lower-case and "_id" suffixed. So a +Person+ class that makes a has_and_belongs_to_many association
+      #   will use "person_id" as the default foreign_key.
+      # * <tt>:association_foreign_key</tt> - specify the association foreign key used for the association. By default this is
+      #   guessed to be the name of the associated class in lower-case and "_id" suffixed. So the associated class is +Project+
+      #   that makes a has_and_belongs_to_many association will use "project_id" as the default association foreign_key.
+      # * <tt>:conditions</tt>  - specify the conditions that the associated object must meet in order to be included as a "WHERE"
+      #   sql fragment, such as "authorized = 1".
+      # * <tt>:order</tt> - specify the order in which the associated objects are returned as a "ORDER BY" sql fragment, such as "last_name, first_name DESC"
+      # * <tt>:uniq</tt> - if set to true, duplicate associated objects will be ignored by accessors and query methods
+      # * <tt>:finder_sql</tt> - overwrite the default generated SQL used to fetch the association with a manual one
+      # * <tt>:delete_sql</tt> - overwrite the default generated SQL used to remove links between the associated 
+      #   classes with a manual one
+      # * <tt>:insert_sql</tt> - overwrite the default generated SQL used to add links between the associated classes
+      #   with a manual one
+      #
+      # Option examples:
+      #   has_and_belongs_to_many :projects
+      #   has_and_belongs_to_many :nations, :class_name => "Country"
+      #   has_and_belongs_to_many :categories, :join_table => "prods_cats"
+      def has_and_belongs_to_many(association_id, options = {})
+        validate_options([ :class_name, :table_name, :foreign_key, :association_foreign_key, :conditions,
+                           :join_table, :finder_sql, :delete_sql, :insert_sql, :order, :uniq ], options.keys)
+        association_name, association_class_name, association_class_primary_key_name =
+              associate_identification(association_id, options[:class_name], options[:foreign_key])
+
+        join_table  = options[:join_table] || 
+          join_table_name(undecorated_table_name(self.to_s), undecorated_table_name(association_class_name))
+ 
+        
+        define_method(association_name) do |*params|
+          force_reload = params.first unless params.empty?
+          association = instance_variable_get("@#{association_name}")
+          if association.nil?
+            association = HasAndBelongsToManyAssociation.new(self,
+              association_name, association_class_name,
+              association_class_primary_key_name, join_table, options)
+            instance_variable_set("@#{association_name}", association)
+          end
+          association.reload if force_reload
+          association
+        end
+
+        before_destroy_sql = "DELETE FROM #{join_table} WHERE #{association_class_primary_key_name} = '\\\#{self.id}'"
+        module_eval(%{before_destroy "self.connection.delete(%{#{before_destroy_sql}})"}) # "
+        
+        # deprecated api
+        deprecated_collection_count_method(association_name)
+        deprecated_add_association_relation(association_name)
+        deprecated_remove_association_relation(association_name)
+        deprecated_has_collection_method(association_name)
+      end
+
+      private
+        # Raises an exception if an invalid option has been specified to prevent misspellings from slipping through 
+        def validate_options(valid_option_keys, supplied_option_keys)
+          unknown_option_keys = supplied_option_keys - valid_option_keys
+          raise(ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError, "Unknown options: #{unknown_option_keys}") unless unknown_option_keys.empty?
+        end
+        
+        def join_table_name(first_table_name, second_table_name)
+          if first_table_name < second_table_name
+            join_table = "#{first_table_name}_#{second_table_name}"
+          else
+            join_table = "#{second_table_name}_#{first_table_name}"
+          end
+
+          table_name_prefix + join_table + table_name_suffix
+        end
+        
+        def associate_identification(association_id, association_class_name, foreign_key, plural = true)
+          if association_class_name !~ /::/
+            association_class_name = type_name_with_module(
+              association_class_name || 
+                Inflector.camelize(plural ? Inflector.singularize(association_id.id2name) : association_id.id2name)
+            )
+          end
+
+          primary_key_name = foreign_key || Inflector.underscore(Inflector.demodulize(name)) + "_id"
+        
+          return association_id.id2name, association_class_name, primary_key_name
+        end
+        
+        def association_comparison_method(association_name, association_class_name)
+          module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
+            def #{association_name}?(comparison_object, force_reload = false)
+              if comparison_object.kind_of?(#{association_class_name})
+                #{association_name}(force_reload) == comparison_object
+              else
+                raise "Comparison object is a #{association_class_name}, should have been \#{comparison_object.class.name}"
+              end
+            end
+          end_eval
+        end
+
+        def association_reader_method(association_name, association_finder)
+          module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
+            def #{association_name}(force_reload = false)
+              if @#{association_name}.nil? || force_reload
+                begin
+                  @#{association_name} = #{association_finder}
+                rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid, ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
+                  nil
+                end
+              end
+              
+              return @#{association_name}
+            end
+          end_eval
+        end
+
+        def has_one_writer_method(association_name, association_class_name, class_primary_key_name)
+          module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
+            def #{association_name}=(association)
+              if association.nil?
+                @#{association_name}.#{class_primary_key_name} = nil
+                @#{association_name}.save(false)
+                @#{association_name} = nil
+              else
+                raise ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch unless #{association_class_name} === association
+                association.#{class_primary_key_name} = id
+                association.save(false)
+                @#{association_name} = association
+              end
+            end
+          end_eval
+        end
+
+        def belongs_to_writer_method(association_name, association_class_name, association_class_primary_key_name)
+          module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
+            def #{association_name}=(association)
+              if association.nil?
+                @#{association_name} = self.#{association_class_primary_key_name} = nil
+              else
+                raise ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch unless #{association_class_name} === association
+                @#{association_name} = association
+                self.#{association_class_primary_key_name} = association.id
+              end
+            end
+          end_eval
+        end
+
+        def has_association_method(association_name)
+          module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
+            def has_#{association_name}?(force_reload = false)
+              !#{association_name}(force_reload).nil?
+            end
+          end_eval
+        end
+        
+        def build_method(method_prefix, collection_name, collection_class_name, class_primary_key_name)
+          module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
+            def #{method_prefix + collection_name}(attributes = {})
+              association = #{collection_class_name}.new
+              association.attributes = attributes.merge({ "#{class_primary_key_name}" => id})
+              association
+            end
+          end_eval
+        end
+
+        def create_method(method_prefix, collection_name, collection_class_name, class_primary_key_name)
+          module_eval <<-"end_eval", __FILE__, __LINE__
+            def #{method_prefix + collection_name}(attributes = nil)
+              #{collection_class_name}.create((attributes || {}).merge({ "#{class_primary_key_name}" => id}))
+            end
+          end_eval
+        end
+    end
+  end
+end