activerecord 8.0.2 → 8.1.0.beta1

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements.rb

@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         # Create a new PostgreSQL database. Options include <tt>:owner</tt>, <tt>:template</tt>,
-        # <tt>:encoding</tt> (defaults to utf8), <tt>:collation</tt>, <tt>:ctype</tt>,
-        # <tt>:tablespace</tt>, and <tt>:connection_limit</tt> (note that MySQL uses
-        # <tt>:charset</tt> while PostgreSQL uses <tt>:encoding</tt>).
+        # <tt>:encoding</tt> (defaults to utf8), <tt>:locale_provider</tt>, <tt>:locale</tt>,
+        # <tt>:collation</tt>, <tt>:ctype</tt>, <tt>:tablespace</tt>, and
+        # <tt>:connection_limit</tt> (note that MySQL uses <tt>:charset</tt> while PostgreSQL
+        # uses <tt>:encoding</tt>).
         #
         # Example:
         #   create_database config[:database], config
@@ -30,6 +31,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
                       " TEMPLATE = \"#{value}\""
                     when :encoding
                       " ENCODING = '#{value}'"
+                    when :locale_provider
+                      " LOCALE_PROVIDER = '#{value}'"
+                    when :locale
+                      " LOCALE = '#{value}'"
                     when :collation
                       " LC_COLLATE = '#{value}'"
                     when :ctype
@@ -87,8 +92,13 @@ module ActiveRecord
           scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
 
           result = query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
-            SELECT distinct i.relname, d.indisunique, d.indkey, pg_get_indexdef(d.indexrelid), t.oid,
-                            pg_catalog.obj_description(i.oid, 'pg_class') AS comment, d.indisvalid
+            SELECT distinct i.relname, d.indisunique, d.indkey, pg_get_indexdef(d.indexrelid),
+                            pg_catalog.obj_description(i.oid, 'pg_class') AS comment, d.indisvalid,
+                            ARRAY(
+                              SELECT pg_get_indexdef(d.indexrelid, k + 1, true)
+                              FROM generate_subscripts(d.indkey, 1) AS k
+                              ORDER BY k
+                            ) AS columns
             FROM pg_class t
             INNER JOIN pg_index d ON t.oid = d.indrelid
             INNER JOIN pg_class i ON d.indexrelid = i.oid
@@ -105,9 +115,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
             unique = row[1]
             indkey = row[2].split(" ").map(&:to_i)
             inddef = row[3]
-            oid = row[4]
-            comment = row[5]
-            valid = row[6]
+            comment = row[4]
+            valid = row[5]
+            columns = decode_string_array(row[6]).map { |c| Utils.unquote_identifier(c.strip.gsub('""', '"')) }
+
             using, expressions, include, nulls_not_distinct, where = inddef.scan(/ USING (\w+?) \((.+?)\)(?: INCLUDE \((.+?)\))?( NULLS NOT DISTINCT)?(?: WHERE (.+))?\z/m).flatten
 
             orders = {}
@@ -117,8 +128,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
             if indkey.include?(0)
               columns = expressions
             else
-              columns = column_names_from_column_numbers(oid, indkey)
-
               # prevent INCLUDE columns from being matched
               columns.reject! { |c| include_columns.include?(c) }
 
@@ -226,6 +235,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
           query_value("SELECT current_schema", "SCHEMA")
         end
 
+        # Returns an array of the names of all schemas presently in the effective search path,
+        # in their priority order.
+        def current_schemas # :nodoc:
+          schemas = query_value("SELECT current_schemas(false)", "SCHEMA")
+          decoder = PG::TextDecoder::Array.new
+          decoder.decode(schemas)
+        end
+
         # Returns the current database encoding format.
         def encoding
           query_value("SELECT pg_encoding_to_char(encoding) FROM pg_database WHERE datname = current_database()", "SCHEMA")
@@ -270,12 +287,18 @@ module ActiveRecord
           execute "DROP SCHEMA#{' IF EXISTS' if options[:if_exists]} #{quote_schema_name(schema_name)} CASCADE"
         end
 
+        # Renames the schema for the given schema name.
+        def rename_schema(schema_name, new_name)
+          execute "ALTER SCHEMA #{quote_schema_name(schema_name)} RENAME TO #{quote_schema_name(new_name)}"
+        end
+
         # Sets the schema search path to a string of comma-separated schema names.
         # Names beginning with $ have to be quoted (e.g. $user => '$user').
         # See: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/ddl-schemas.html
         #
         # This should be not be called manually but set in database.yml.
         def schema_search_path=(schema_csv)
+          return if schema_csv == @schema_search_path
           if schema_csv
             internal_execute("SET search_path TO #{schema_csv}")
             @schema_search_path = schema_csv
@@ -320,7 +343,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             if sequence
               quoted_sequence = quote_table_name(sequence)
 
-              query_value("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{value})", "SCHEMA")
+              internal_execute("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{value})", "SCHEMA")
             else
               @logger.warn "#{table} has primary key #{pk} with no default sequence." if @logger
             end
@@ -351,7 +374,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
               end
             end
 
-            query_value("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{max_pk || minvalue}, #{max_pk ? true : false})", "SCHEMA")
+            internal_execute("SELECT setval(#{quote(quoted_sequence)}, #{max_pk || minvalue}, #{max_pk ? true : false})", "SCHEMA")
           end
         end
 
@@ -584,36 +607,45 @@ module ActiveRecord
         def foreign_keys(table_name)
           scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
           fk_info = internal_exec_query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false)
-            SELECT t2.oid::regclass::text AS to_table, a1.attname AS column, a2.attname AS primary_key, c.conname AS name, c.confupdtype AS on_update, c.confdeltype AS on_delete, c.convalidated AS valid, c.condeferrable AS deferrable, c.condeferred AS deferred, c.conkey, c.confkey, c.conrelid, c.confrelid
+            SELECT t2.oid::regclass::text AS to_table, c.conname AS name, c.confupdtype AS on_update, c.confdeltype AS on_delete, c.convalidated AS valid, c.condeferrable AS deferrable, c.condeferred AS deferred, c.conrelid, c.confrelid,
+              (
+                SELECT array_agg(a.attname ORDER BY idx)
+                FROM (
+                  SELECT idx, c.conkey[idx] AS conkey_elem
+                  FROM generate_subscripts(c.conkey, 1) AS idx
+                ) indexed_conkeys
+                JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t1.oid
+                AND a.attnum = indexed_conkeys.conkey_elem
+              ) AS conkey_names,
+              (
+                SELECT array_agg(a.attname ORDER BY idx)
+                FROM (
+                  SELECT idx, c.confkey[idx] AS confkey_elem
+                  FROM generate_subscripts(c.confkey, 1) AS idx
+                ) indexed_confkeys
+                JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t2.oid
+                AND a.attnum = indexed_confkeys.confkey_elem
+              ) AS confkey_names
             FROM pg_constraint c
             JOIN pg_class t1 ON c.conrelid = t1.oid
             JOIN pg_class t2 ON c.confrelid = t2.oid
-            JOIN pg_attribute a1 ON a1.attnum = c.conkey[1] AND a1.attrelid = t1.oid
-            JOIN pg_attribute a2 ON a2.attnum = c.confkey[1] AND a2.attrelid = t2.oid
-            JOIN pg_namespace t3 ON c.connamespace = t3.oid
+            JOIN pg_namespace n ON c.connamespace = n.oid
             WHERE c.contype = 'f'
               AND t1.relname = #{scope[:name]}
-              AND t3.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
+              AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
             ORDER BY c.conname
           SQL
 
           fk_info.map do |row|
             to_table = Utils.unquote_identifier(row["to_table"])
-            conkey = row["conkey"].scan(/\d+/).map(&:to_i)
-            confkey = row["confkey"].scan(/\d+/).map(&:to_i)
 
-            if conkey.size > 1
-              column = column_names_from_column_numbers(row["conrelid"], conkey)
-              primary_key = column_names_from_column_numbers(row["confrelid"], confkey)
-            else
-              column = Utils.unquote_identifier(row["column"])
-              primary_key = row["primary_key"]
-            end
+            column = decode_string_array(row["conkey_names"])
+            primary_key = decode_string_array(row["confkey_names"])
 
             options = {
-              column: column,
+              column: column.size == 1 ? column.first : column,
               name: row["name"],
-              primary_key: primary_key
+              primary_key: primary_key.size == 1 ? primary_key.first : primary_key
             }
 
             options[:on_delete] = extract_foreign_key_action(row["on_delete"])
@@ -698,7 +730,16 @@ module ActiveRecord
           scope = quoted_scope(table_name)
 
           unique_info = internal_exec_query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false)
-            SELECT c.conname, c.conrelid, c.conkey, c.condeferrable, c.condeferred, pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid) AS constraintdef
+            SELECT c.conname, c.conrelid, c.condeferrable, c.condeferred, pg_get_constraintdef(c.oid) AS constraintdef,
+            (
+              SELECT array_agg(a.attname ORDER BY idx)
+              FROM (
+                SELECT idx, c.conkey[idx] AS conkey_elem
+                FROM generate_subscripts(c.conkey, 1) AS idx
+              ) indexed_conkeys
+              JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = t.oid
+              AND a.attnum = indexed_conkeys.conkey_elem
+            ) AS conkey_names
             FROM pg_constraint c
             JOIN pg_class t ON c.conrelid = t.oid
             JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.connamespace
@@ -708,8 +749,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           SQL
 
           unique_info.map do |row|
-            conkey = row["conkey"].delete("{}").split(",").map(&:to_i)
-            columns = column_names_from_column_numbers(row["conrelid"], conkey)
+            columns = decode_string_array(row["conkey_names"])
 
             nulls_not_distinct = row["constraintdef"].start_with?("UNIQUE NULLS NOT DISTINCT")
             deferrable = extract_constraint_deferrable(row["condeferrable"], row["condeferred"])
@@ -980,6 +1020,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
             PostgreSQL::Column.new(
               column_name,
+              get_oid_type(oid.to_i, fmod.to_i, column_name, type),
               default_value,
               type_metadata,
               !notnull,
@@ -1149,13 +1190,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
             [name.schema, name.identifier]
           end
 
-          def column_names_from_column_numbers(table_oid, column_numbers)
-            Hash[query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")].values_at(*column_numbers).compact
-              SELECT a.attnum, a.attname
-              FROM pg_attribute a
-              WHERE a.attrelid = #{table_oid}
-              AND a.attnum IN (#{column_numbers.join(", ")})
-            SQL
+          def decode_string_array(value)
+            PG::TextDecoder::Array.new.decode(value)
           end
       end
     end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     #
     # The PostgreSQL adapter works with the native C (https://github.com/ged/ruby-pg) driver.
     #
-    # Options:
+    # ==== Options
     #
     # * <tt>:host</tt> - Defaults to a Unix-domain socket in /tmp. On machines without Unix-domain sockets,
     #   the default is to connect to localhost.
@@ -397,10 +397,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
         @raw_connection = nil
       end
 
-      def native_database_types # :nodoc:
-        self.class.native_database_types
-      end
-
       def self.native_database_types # :nodoc:
         @native_database_types ||= begin
           types = NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES.dup
@@ -616,7 +612,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         }
       end
 
-      # Returns the configured supported identifier length supported by PostgreSQL
+      # Returns the configured maximum supported identifier length supported by PostgreSQL
       def max_identifier_length
         @max_identifier_length ||= query_value("SHOW max_identifier_length", "SCHEMA").to_i
       end
@@ -636,7 +632,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         with_raw_connection do |conn|
           version = conn.server_version
           if version == 0
-            raise ActiveRecord::ConnectionFailed, "Could not determine PostgreSQL version"
+            raise ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished, "Could not determine PostgreSQL version"
           end
           version
         end
@@ -670,6 +666,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
         if database_version < 9_03_00 # < 9.3
           raise "Your version of PostgreSQL (#{database_version}) is too old. Active Record supports PostgreSQL >= 9.3."
         end
+        if database_version >= 18_00_00 && Gem::Version.new(PG::VERSION) < Gem::Version.new("1.6.0")
+          warn "pg gem version #{PG::VERSION} is known to be incompatible with PostgreSQL 18+. Please upgrade to pg 1.6.0 or later."
+        end
       end
 
       class << self
@@ -792,6 +791,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         NOT_NULL_VIOLATION    = "23502"
         FOREIGN_KEY_VIOLATION = "23503"
         UNIQUE_VIOLATION      = "23505"
+        CHECK_VIOLATION       = "23514"
+        EXCLUSION_VIOLATION   = "23P01"
         SERIALIZATION_FAILURE = "40001"
         DEADLOCK_DETECTED     = "40P01"
         DUPLICATE_DATABASE    = "42P04"
@@ -823,6 +824,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
             RecordNotUnique.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
           when FOREIGN_KEY_VIOLATION
             InvalidForeignKey.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
+          when CHECK_VIOLATION
+            CheckViolation.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
+          when EXCLUSION_VIOLATION
+            ExclusionViolation.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
           when VALUE_LIMIT_VIOLATION
             ValueTooLong.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
           when NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb

@@ -271,10 +271,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def encode_with(coder) # :nodoc:
-        coder["columns"]          = @columns.sort.to_h
+        coder["columns"]          = @columns.sort.to_h.transform_values { _1.sort_by(&:name) }
         coder["primary_keys"]     = @primary_keys.sort.to_h
         coder["data_sources"]     = @data_sources.sort.to_h
-        coder["indexes"]          = @indexes.sort.to_h
+        coder["indexes"]          = @indexes.sort.to_h.transform_values { _1.sort_by(&:name) }
         coder["version"]          = @version
       end
 

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/database_statements.rb

@@ -61,6 +61,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
           @previous_read_uncommitted = nil
         end
 
+        def default_insert_value(column) # :nodoc:
+          if column.default_function
+            Arel.sql(column.default_function)
+          else
+            column.default
+          end
+        end
+
         private
           def internal_begin_transaction(mode, isolation)
             if isolation
@@ -76,51 +84,63 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
 
           def perform_query(raw_connection, sql, binds, type_casted_binds, prepare:, notification_payload:, batch: false)
+            total_changes_before_query = raw_connection.total_changes
+            affected_rows = nil
+
             if batch
               raw_connection.execute_batch2(sql)
-            elsif prepare
-              stmt = @statements[sql] ||= raw_connection.prepare(sql)
-              stmt.reset!
-              stmt.bind_params(type_casted_binds)
-
-              result = if stmt.column_count.zero? # No return
-                stmt.step
-                ActiveRecord::Result.empty
+            else
+              stmt = if prepare
+                @statements[sql] ||= raw_connection.prepare(sql)
+                @statements[sql].reset!
               else
-                ActiveRecord::Result.new(stmt.columns, stmt.to_a)
+                # Don't cache statements if they are not prepared.
+                raw_connection.prepare(sql)
               end
-            else
-              # Don't cache statements if they are not prepared.
-              stmt = raw_connection.prepare(sql)
               begin
                 unless binds.nil? || binds.empty?
                   stmt.bind_params(type_casted_binds)
                 end
                 result = if stmt.column_count.zero? # No return
                   stmt.step
-                  ActiveRecord::Result.empty
+
+                  affected_rows = if raw_connection.total_changes > total_changes_before_query
+                    raw_connection.changes
+                  else
+                    0
+                  end
+
+                  ActiveRecord::Result.empty(affected_rows: affected_rows)
                 else
-                  ActiveRecord::Result.new(stmt.columns, stmt.to_a)
+                  rows = stmt.to_a
+
+                  affected_rows = if raw_connection.total_changes > total_changes_before_query
+                    raw_connection.changes
+                  else
+                    0
+                  end
+
+                  ActiveRecord::Result.new(stmt.columns, rows, stmt.types.map { |t| type_map.lookup(t) }, affected_rows: affected_rows)
                 end
               ensure
-                stmt.close
+                stmt.close unless prepare
               end
             end
-            @last_affected_rows = raw_connection.changes
             verified!
 
+            notification_payload[:affected_rows] = affected_rows
             notification_payload[:row_count] = result&.length || 0
             result
           end
 
           def cast_result(result)
-            # Given that SQLite3 doesn't really a Result type, raw_execute already return an ActiveRecord::Result
-            # and we have nothing to cast here.
+            # Given that SQLite3 doesn't have a Result type, raw_execute already returns an ActiveRecord::Result
+            # so we have nothing to cast here.
             result
           end
 
           def affected_rows(result)
-            @last_affected_rows
+            result.affected_rows
           end
 
           def execute_batch(statements, name = nil, **kwargs)
@@ -135,14 +155,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
           def returning_column_values(result)
             result.rows.first
           end
-
-          def default_insert_value(column)
-            if column.default_function
-              Arel.sql(column.default_function)
-            else
-              column.default
-            end
-          end
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/quoting.rb

@@ -80,18 +80,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
           "x'#{value.hex}'"
         end
 
-        def quoted_true
-          "1"
-        end
-
         def unquoted_true
           1
         end
 
-        def quoted_false
-          "0"
-        end
-
         def unquoted_false
           0
         end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3/schema_statements.rb

@@ -63,23 +63,13 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         def remove_foreign_key(from_table, to_table = nil, **options)
-          return if options.delete(:if_exists) == true && !foreign_key_exists?(from_table, to_table)
+          return if options.delete(:if_exists) && !foreign_key_exists?(from_table, to_table, **options.slice(:column))
 
           to_table ||= options[:to_table]
           options = options.except(:name, :to_table, :validate)
-          foreign_keys = foreign_keys(from_table)
-
-          fkey = foreign_keys.detect do |fk|
-            table = to_table || begin
-              table = options[:column].to_s.delete_suffix("_id")
-              Base.pluralize_table_names ? table.pluralize : table
-            end
-            table = strip_table_name_prefix_and_suffix(table)
-            options = options.slice(*fk.options.keys)
-            fk_to_table = strip_table_name_prefix_and_suffix(fk.to_table)
-            fk_to_table == table && options.all? { |k, v| fk.options[k].to_s == v.to_s }
-          end || raise(ArgumentError, "Table '#{from_table}' has no foreign key for #{to_table || options}")
+          fkey = foreign_key_for!(from_table, to_table: to_table, **options)
 
+          foreign_keys = foreign_keys(from_table)
           foreign_keys.delete(fkey)
           alter_table(from_table, foreign_keys)
         end
@@ -157,6 +147,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
             Column.new(
               field["name"],
+              lookup_cast_type(field["type"]),
               default_value,
               type_metadata,
               field["notnull"].to_i == 0,

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlite3_adapter.rb

@@ -19,14 +19,30 @@ SQLite3::ForkSafety.suppress_warnings!
 
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters # :nodoc:
-    # = Active Record SQLite3 Adapter
+    # = Active Record \SQLite3 Adapter
     #
-    # The SQLite3 adapter works with the sqlite3-ruby drivers
-    # (available as gem from https://rubygems.org/gems/sqlite3).
+    # The \SQLite3 adapter works with the sqlite3[https://sparklemotion.github.io/sqlite3-ruby/]
+    # driver.
     #
-    # Options:
+    # ==== Options
+    #
+    # * +:database+ (String): Filesystem path to the database file.
+    # * +:statement_limit+ (Integer): Maximum number of prepared statements to cache per database connection. (default: 1000)
+    # * +:timeout+ (Integer): Timeout in milliseconds to use when waiting for a lock. (default: no wait)
+    # * +:strict+ (Boolean): Enable or disable strict mode. When enabled, this will
+    #   {disallow double-quoted string literals in SQL
+    #   statements}[https://www.sqlite.org/quirks.html#double_quoted_string_literals_are_accepted].
+    #   (default: see strict_strings_by_default)
+    # * +:extensions+ (Array): (<b>requires sqlite3 v2.4.0</b>) Each entry specifies a sqlite extension
+    #   to load for this database. The entry may be a filesystem path, or the name of a class that
+    #   responds to +.to_path+ to provide the filesystem path for the extension. See {sqlite3-ruby
+    #   documentation}[https://sparklemotion.github.io/sqlite3-ruby/SQLite3/Database.html#class-SQLite3::Database-label-SQLite+Extensions]
+    #   for more information.
+    #
+    # There may be other options available specific to the SQLite3 driver. Please read the
+    # documentation for
+    # {SQLite3::Database.new}[https://sparklemotion.github.io/sqlite3-ruby/SQLite3/Database.html#method-c-new]
     #
-    # * <tt>:database</tt> - Path to the database file.
     class SQLite3Adapter < AbstractAdapter
       ADAPTER_NAME = "SQLite"
 
@@ -46,10 +62,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
           args << "-#{options[:mode]}" if options[:mode]
           args << "-header" if options[:header]
-          args << File.expand_path(config.database, Rails.respond_to?(:root) ? Rails.root : nil)
+          args << File.expand_path(config.database, defined?(Rails.root) ? Rails.root : nil)
 
           find_cmd_and_exec(ActiveRecord.database_cli[:sqlite], *args)
         end
+
+        def native_database_types # :nodoc:
+          NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES
+        end
       end
 
       include SQLite3::Quoting
@@ -58,12 +78,19 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       ##
       # :singleton-method:
-      # Configure the SQLite3Adapter to be used in a strict strings mode.
-      # This will disable double-quoted string literals, because otherwise typos can silently go unnoticed.
-      # For example, it is possible to create an index for a non existing column.
+      #
+      # Configure the SQLite3Adapter to be used in a "strict strings" mode. When enabled, this will
+      # {disallow double-quoted string literals in SQL
+      # statements}[https://www.sqlite.org/quirks.html#double_quoted_string_literals_are_accepted],
+      # which may prevent some typographical errors like creating an index for a non-existent
+      # column. The default is +false+.
+      #
       # If you wish to enable this mode you can add the following line to your application.rb file:
       #
       #   config.active_record.sqlite3_adapter_strict_strings_by_default = true
+      #
+      # This can also be configured on individual databases by setting the +strict:+ option.
+      #
       class_attribute :strict_strings_by_default, default: false
 
       NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES = {
@@ -122,13 +149,18 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
-        @last_affected_rows = nil
         @previous_read_uncommitted = nil
         @config[:strict] = ConnectionAdapters::SQLite3Adapter.strict_strings_by_default unless @config.key?(:strict)
+
+        extensions = @config.fetch(:extensions, []).map do |extension|
+          extension.safe_constantize || extension
+        end
+
         @connection_parameters = @config.merge(
           database: @config[:database].to_s,
           results_as_hash: true,
           default_transaction_mode: :immediate,
+          extensions: extensions
         )
       end
 
@@ -153,7 +185,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def supports_expression_index?
-        database_version >= "3.9.0"
+        true
       end
 
       def requires_reloading?
@@ -181,7 +213,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def supports_common_table_expressions?
-        database_version >= "3.8.3"
+        true
       end
 
       def supports_insert_returning?
@@ -229,10 +261,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
         true
       end
 
-      def native_database_types # :nodoc:
-        NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES
-      end
-
       # Returns the current database encoding format as a string, e.g. 'UTF-8'
       def encoding
         any_raw_connection.encoding.to_s
@@ -309,7 +337,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # Creates a virtual table
       #
       # Example:
-      #   create_virtual_table :emails, :fts5, ['sender', 'title',' body']
+      #   create_virtual_table :emails, :fts5, ['sender', 'title', 'body']
       def create_virtual_table(table_name, module_name, values)
         exec_query "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS #{table_name} USING #{module_name} (#{values.join(", ")})"
       end
@@ -478,8 +506,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def check_version # :nodoc:
-        if database_version < "3.8.0"
-          raise "Your version of SQLite (#{database_version}) is too old. Active Record supports SQLite >= 3.8."
+        if database_version < "3.23.0"
+          raise "Your version of SQLite (#{database_version}) is too old. Active Record supports SQLite >= 3.23.0."
         end
       end
 
@@ -535,6 +563,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
           # Binary columns
           when /x'(.*)'/
             [ $1 ].pack("H*")
+          when "TRUE", "FALSE"
+            default
           else
             # Anything else is blank or some function
             # and we can't know the value of that, so return nil.
@@ -625,8 +655,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
                 column_options[:stored] = column.virtual_stored?
                 column_options[:type] = column.type
               elsif column.has_default?
-                type = lookup_cast_type_from_column(column)
-                default = type.deserialize(column.default)
+                # TODO: Remove fetch_cast_type and the need for connection after we release 8.1.
+                default = column.fetch_cast_type(self).deserialize(column.default)
                 default = -> { column.default_function } if default.nil?
 
                 unless column.auto_increment?
@@ -700,6 +730,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
             NotNullViolation.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
           elsif exception.message.match?(/FOREIGN KEY constraint failed/i)
             InvalidForeignKey.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
+          elsif exception.message.match?(/CHECK constraint failed: .*/i)
+            CheckViolation.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
           elsif exception.message.match?(/called on a closed database/i)
             ConnectionNotEstablished.new(exception, connection_pool: @pool)
           elsif exception.is_a?(::SQLite3::BusyException)
@@ -789,9 +821,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         def table_info(table_name)
           if supports_virtual_columns?
-            internal_exec_query("PRAGMA table_xinfo(#{quote_table_name(table_name)})", "SCHEMA")
+            internal_exec_query("PRAGMA table_xinfo(#{quote_table_name(table_name)})", "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true)
           else
-            internal_exec_query("PRAGMA table_info(#{quote_table_name(table_name)})", "SCHEMA")
+            internal_exec_query("PRAGMA table_info(#{quote_table_name(table_name)})", "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true)
           end
         end
 
@@ -818,18 +850,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         def configure_connection
-          if @config[:timeout] && @config[:retries]
-            raise ArgumentError, "Cannot specify both timeout and retries arguments"
-          elsif @config[:timeout]
+          if @config[:timeout]
             timeout = self.class.type_cast_config_to_integer(@config[:timeout])
             raise TypeError, "timeout must be integer, not #{timeout}" unless timeout.is_a?(Integer)
             @raw_connection.busy_handler_timeout = timeout
-          elsif @config[:retries]
-            ActiveRecord.deprecator.warn(<<~MSG)
-              The retries option is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 8.1. Use timeout instead.
-            MSG
-            retries = self.class.type_cast_config_to_integer(@config[:retries])
-            raw_connection.busy_handler { |count| count <= retries }
           end
 
           super