activerecord 6.1.6 → 7.0.4

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column.rb

@@ -1,25 +1,41 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
+require "active_support/core_ext/object/blank"
+
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
       class Column < ConnectionAdapters::Column # :nodoc:
         delegate :oid, :fmod, to: :sql_type_metadata
 
-        def initialize(*, serial: nil, **)
+        def initialize(*, serial: nil, generated: nil, **)
           super
           @serial = serial
+          @generated = generated
         end
 
         def serial?
           @serial
         end
 
+        def virtual?
+          # We assume every generated column is virtual, no matter the concrete type
+          @generated.present?
+        end
+
+        def has_default?
+          super && !virtual?
+        end
+
         def array
           sql_type_metadata.sql_type.end_with?("[]")
         end
         alias :array? :array
 
+        def enum?
+          type == :enum
+        end
+
         def sql_type
           super.delete_suffix("[]")
         end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         # Queries the database and returns the results in an Array-like object
-        def query(sql, name = nil) #:nodoc:
+        def query(sql, name = nil) # :nodoc:
           materialize_transactions
           mark_transaction_written_if_write(sql)
 
@@ -37,9 +37,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         # Note: the PG::Result object is manually memory managed; if you don't
         # need it specifically, you may want consider the <tt>exec_query</tt> wrapper.
         def execute(sql, name = nil)
-          if preventing_writes? && write_query?(sql)
-            raise ActiveRecord::ReadOnlyError, "Write query attempted while in readonly mode: #{sql}"
-          end
+          sql = transform_query(sql)
+          check_if_write_query(sql)
 
           materialize_transactions
           mark_transaction_written_if_write(sql)
@@ -51,8 +50,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
-        def exec_query(sql, name = "SQL", binds = [], prepare: false)
-          execute_and_clear(sql, name, binds, prepare: prepare) do |result|
+        def exec_query(sql, name = "SQL", binds = [], prepare: false, async: false) # :nodoc:
+          execute_and_clear(sql, name, binds, prepare: prepare, async: async) do |result|
             types = {}
             fields = result.fields
             fields.each_with_index do |fname, i|
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
-        def exec_delete(sql, name = nil, binds = [])
+        def exec_delete(sql, name = nil, binds = []) # :nodoc:
           execute_and_clear(sql, name, binds) { |result| result.cmd_tuples }
         end
         alias :exec_update :exec_delete
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
         private :sql_for_insert
 
-        def exec_insert(sql, name = nil, binds = [], pk = nil, sequence_name = nil)
+        def exec_insert(sql, name = nil, binds = [], pk = nil, sequence_name = nil) # :nodoc:
           if use_insert_returning? || pk == false
             super
           else
@@ -107,25 +106,33 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         # Begins a transaction.
-        def begin_db_transaction
+        def begin_db_transaction # :nodoc:
           execute("BEGIN", "TRANSACTION")
         end
 
-        def begin_isolated_db_transaction(isolation)
+        def begin_isolated_db_transaction(isolation) # :nodoc:
           begin_db_transaction
           execute "SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL #{transaction_isolation_levels.fetch(isolation)}"
         end
 
         # Commits a transaction.
-        def commit_db_transaction
+        def commit_db_transaction # :nodoc:
           execute("COMMIT", "TRANSACTION")
         end
 
         # Aborts a transaction.
-        def exec_rollback_db_transaction
+        def exec_rollback_db_transaction # :nodoc:
           execute("ROLLBACK", "TRANSACTION")
         end
 
+        # From https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-datetime.html#FUNCTIONS-DATETIME-CURRENT
+        HIGH_PRECISION_CURRENT_TIMESTAMP = Arel.sql("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP").freeze # :nodoc:
+        private_constant :HIGH_PRECISION_CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+
+        def high_precision_current_timestamp
+          HIGH_PRECISION_CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+        end
+
         private
           def execute_batch(statements, name = nil)
             execute(combine_multi_statements(statements))

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date.rb

@@ -16,6 +16,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
               super
             end
           end
+
+          def type_cast_for_schema(value)
+            case value
+            when ::Float::INFINITY then "::Float::INFINITY"
+            when -::Float::INFINITY then "-::Float::INFINITY"
+            else super
+            end
+          end
         end
       end
     end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/date_time.rb

@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
             else super
             end
           end
+
+          protected
+            def real_type_unless_aliased(real_type)
+              ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.datetime_type == real_type ? :datetime : real_type
+            end
         end
       end
     end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/hstore.rb

@@ -1,10 +1,14 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
+require "strscan"
+
 module ActiveRecord
   module ConnectionAdapters
     module PostgreSQL
       module OID # :nodoc:
         class Hstore < Type::Value # :nodoc:
+          ERROR = "Invalid Hstore document: %s"
+
           include ActiveModel::Type::Helpers::Mutable
 
           def type
@@ -12,15 +16,56 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
 
           def deserialize(value)
-            if value.is_a?(::String)
-              ::Hash[value.scan(HstorePair).map { |k, v|
-                v = v.upcase == "NULL" ? nil : v.gsub(/\A"(.*)"\Z/m, '\1').gsub(/\\(.)/, '\1')
-                k = k.gsub(/\A"(.*)"\Z/m, '\1').gsub(/\\(.)/, '\1')
-                [k, v]
-              }]
-            else
-              value
+            return value unless value.is_a?(::String)
+
+            scanner = StringScanner.new(value)
+            hash = {}
+
+            until scanner.eos?
+              unless scanner.skip(/"/)
+                raise(ArgumentError, ERROR % scanner.string.inspect)
+              end
+
+              unless key = scanner.scan(/^(\\[\\"]|[^\\"])*?(?=")/)
+                raise(ArgumentError, ERROR % scanner.string.inspect)
+              end
+
+              unless scanner.skip(/"=>?/)
+                raise(ArgumentError, ERROR % scanner.string.inspect)
+              end
+
+              if scanner.scan(/NULL/)
+                value = nil
+              else
+                unless scanner.skip(/"/)
+                  raise(ArgumentError, ERROR % scanner.string.inspect)
+                end
+
+                unless value = scanner.scan(/^(\\[\\"]|[^\\"])*?(?=")/)
+                  raise(ArgumentError, ERROR % scanner.string.inspect)
+                end
+
+                unless scanner.skip(/"/)
+                  raise(ArgumentError, ERROR % scanner.string.inspect)
+                end
+              end
+
+              key.gsub!('\"', '"')
+              key.gsub!("\\\\", "\\")
+
+              if value
+                value.gsub!('\"', '"')
+                value.gsub!("\\\\", "\\")
+              end
+
+              hash[key] = value
+
+              unless scanner.skip(/, /) || scanner.eos?
+                raise(ArgumentError, ERROR % scanner.string.inspect)
+              end
             end
+
+            hash
           end
 
           def serialize(value)
@@ -46,12 +91,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
 
           private
-            HstorePair = begin
-              quoted_string = /"[^"\\]*(?:\\.[^"\\]*)*"/
-              unquoted_string = /(?:\\.|[^\s,])[^\s=,\\]*(?:\\.[^\s=,\\]*|=[^,>])*/
-              /(#{quoted_string}|#{unquoted_string})\s*=>\s*(#{quoted_string}|#{unquoted_string})/
-            end
-
             def escape_hstore(value)
               if value.nil?
                 "NULL"

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range.rb

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
               if value.start_with?('"') && value.end_with?('"')
                 unquoted_value = value[1..-2]
                 unquoted_value.gsub!('""', '"')
-                unquoted_value.gsub!('\\\\', '\\')
+                unquoted_value.gsub!("\\\\", "\\")
                 unquoted_value
               else
                 value

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/timestamp.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    module PostgreSQL
+      module OID # :nodoc:
+        class Timestamp < DateTime # :nodoc:
+          def type
+            real_type_unless_aliased(:timestamp)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/timestamp_with_time_zone.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    module PostgreSQL
+      module OID # :nodoc:
+        class TimestampWithTimeZone < DateTime # :nodoc:
+          def type
+            real_type_unless_aliased(:timestamptz)
+          end
+
+          def cast_value(value)
+            return if value.blank?
+
+            time = super
+            return time if time.is_a?(ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone)
+
+            # While in UTC mode, the PG gem may not return times back in "UTC" even if they were provided to Postgres in UTC.
+            # We prefer times always in UTC, so here we convert back.
+            if is_utc?
+              time.getutc
+            else
+              time.getlocal
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/type_map_initializer.rb

@@ -33,15 +33,27 @@ module ActiveRecord
             composites.each { |row| register_composite_type(row) }
           end
 
-          def query_conditions_for_initial_load
+          def query_conditions_for_known_type_names
             known_type_names = @store.keys.map { |n| "'#{n}'" }
-            known_type_types = %w('r' 'e' 'd')
-            <<~SQL % [known_type_names.join(", "), known_type_types.join(", ")]
+            <<~SQL % known_type_names.join(", ")
               WHERE
                 t.typname IN (%s)
-                OR t.typtype IN (%s)
-                OR t.typinput = 'array_in(cstring,oid,integer)'::regprocedure
-                OR t.typelem != 0
+            SQL
+          end
+
+          def query_conditions_for_known_type_types
+            known_type_types = %w('r' 'e' 'd')
+            <<~SQL % known_type_types.join(", ")
+              WHERE
+                t.typtype IN (%s)
+            SQL
+          end
+
+          def query_conditions_for_array_types
+            known_type_oids = @store.keys.reject { |k| k.is_a?(String) }
+            <<~SQL % [known_type_oids.join(", ")]
+              WHERE
+                t.typelem IN (%s)
             SQL
           end
 

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid.rb

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/point"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/legacy_point"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/range"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/specialized_string"
+require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/timestamp"
+require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/timestamp_with_time_zone"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/uuid"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/vector"
 require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid/xml"

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting.rb

@@ -16,9 +16,34 @@ module ActiveRecord
           @connection.unescape_bytea(value) if value
         end
 
+        def quote(value) # :nodoc:
+          case value
+          when OID::Xml::Data
+            "xml '#{quote_string(value.to_s)}'"
+          when OID::Bit::Data
+            if value.binary?
+              "B'#{value}'"
+            elsif value.hex?
+              "X'#{value}'"
+            end
+          when Numeric
+            if value.finite?
+              super
+            else
+              "'#{value}'"
+            end
+          when OID::Array::Data
+            quote(encode_array(value))
+          when Range
+            quote(encode_range(value))
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+
         # Quotes strings for use in SQL input.
-        def quote_string(s) #:nodoc:
-          PG::Connection.escape(s)
+        def quote_string(s) # :nodoc:
+          @connection.escape(s)
         end
 
         # Checks the following cases:
@@ -48,7 +73,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         # Quote date/time values for use in SQL input.
-        def quoted_date(value) #:nodoc:
+        def quoted_date(value) # :nodoc:
           if value.year <= 0
             bce_year = format("%04d", -value.year + 1)
             super.sub(/^-?\d+/, bce_year) + " BC"
@@ -74,6 +99,24 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
+        def type_cast(value) # :nodoc:
+          case value
+          when Type::Binary::Data
+            # Return a bind param hash with format as binary.
+            # See https://deveiate.org/code/pg/PG/Connection.html#method-i-exec_prepared-doc
+            # for more information
+            { value: value.to_s, format: 1 }
+          when OID::Xml::Data, OID::Bit::Data
+            value.to_s
+          when OID::Array::Data
+            encode_array(value)
+          when Range
+            encode_range(value)
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+
         def lookup_cast_type_from_column(column) # :nodoc:
           type_map.lookup(column.oid, column.fmod, column.sql_type)
         end
@@ -90,8 +133,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
           \A
           (
             (?:
-              # "table_name"."column_name"::type_name | function(one or no argument)::type_name
-              ((?:\w+\.|"\w+"\.)?(?:\w+|"\w+")(?:::\w+)?) | \w+\((?:|\g<2>)\)(?:::\w+)?
+              # "schema_name"."table_name"."column_name"::type_name | function(one or no argument)::type_name
+              ((?:\w+\.|"\w+"\.){,2}(?:\w+|"\w+")(?:::\w+)?) | \w+\((?:|\g<2>)\)(?:::\w+)?
             )
             (?:(?:\s+AS)?\s+(?:\w+|"\w+"))?
           )
@@ -103,8 +146,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
           \A
           (
             (?:
-              # "table_name"."column_name"::type_name | function(one or no argument)::type_name
-              ((?:\w+\.|"\w+"\.)?(?:\w+|"\w+")(?:::\w+)?) | \w+\((?:|\g<2>)\)(?:::\w+)?
+              # "schema_name"."table_name"."column_name"::type_name | function(one or no argument)::type_name
+              ((?:\w+\.|"\w+"\.){,2}(?:\w+|"\w+")(?:::\w+)?) | \w+\((?:|\g<2>)\)(?:::\w+)?
             )
             (?:\s+ASC|\s+DESC)?
             (?:\s+NULLS\s+(?:FIRST|LAST))?
@@ -120,49 +163,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
             super(query_value("SELECT #{quote(sql_type)}::regtype::oid", "SCHEMA").to_i)
           end
 
-          def _quote(value)
-            case value
-            when OID::Xml::Data
-              "xml '#{quote_string(value.to_s)}'"
-            when OID::Bit::Data
-              if value.binary?
-                "B'#{value}'"
-              elsif value.hex?
-                "X'#{value}'"
-              end
-            when Numeric
-              if value.finite?
-                super
-              else
-                "'#{value}'"
-              end
-            when OID::Array::Data
-              _quote(encode_array(value))
-            when Range
-              _quote(encode_range(value))
-            else
-              super
-            end
-          end
-
-          def _type_cast(value)
-            case value
-            when Type::Binary::Data
-              # Return a bind param hash with format as binary.
-              # See https://deveiate.org/code/pg/PG/Connection.html#method-i-exec_prepared-doc
-              # for more information
-              { value: value.to_s, format: 1 }
-            when OID::Xml::Data, OID::Bit::Data
-              value.to_s
-            when OID::Array::Data
-              encode_array(value)
-            when Range
-              encode_range(value)
-            else
-              super
-            end
-          end
-
           def encode_array(array_data)
             encoder = array_data.encoder
             values = type_cast_array(array_data.values)
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           def type_cast_array(values)
             case values
             when ::Array then values.map { |item| type_cast_array(item) }
-            else _type_cast(values)
+            else type_cast(values)
             end
           end
 

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity.rb

@@ -37,6 +37,40 @@ Rails needs superuser privileges to disable referential integrity.
           rescue ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError
           end
         end
+
+        def all_foreign_keys_valid? # :nodoc:
+          sql = <<~SQL
+            do $$
+              declare r record;
+            BEGIN
+            FOR r IN (
+              SELECT FORMAT(
+                'UPDATE pg_constraint SET convalidated=false WHERE conname = ''%I'' AND connamespace::regnamespace = ''%I''::regnamespace; ALTER TABLE %I.%I VALIDATE CONSTRAINT %I;',
+                constraint_name,
+                table_schema,
+                table_schema,
+                table_name,
+                constraint_name
+              ) AS constraint_check
+              FROM information_schema.table_constraints WHERE constraint_type = 'FOREIGN KEY'
+            )
+              LOOP
+                EXECUTE (r.constraint_check);
+              END LOOP;
+            END;
+            $$;
+          SQL
+
+          begin
+            transaction(requires_new: true) do
+              execute(sql)
+            end
+
+            true
+          rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid
+            false
+          end
+        end
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation.rb

@@ -10,7 +10,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
 
           def visit_AddForeignKey(o)
-            super.dup.tap { |sql| sql << " NOT VALID" unless o.validate? }
+            super.dup.tap do |sql|
+              if o.deferrable
+                sql << " DEFERRABLE"
+                sql << " INITIALLY #{o.deferrable.to_s.upcase}" unless o.deferrable == true
+              end
+
+              sql << " NOT VALID" unless o.validate?
+            end
           end
 
           def visit_CheckConstraintDefinition(o)
@@ -61,6 +68,19 @@ module ActiveRecord
             if options[:collation]
               sql << " COLLATE \"#{options[:collation]}\""
             end
+
+            if as = options[:as]
+              sql << " GENERATED ALWAYS AS (#{as})"
+
+              if options[:stored]
+                sql << " STORED"
+              else
+                raise ArgumentError, <<~MSG
+                  PostgreSQL currently does not support VIRTUAL (not persisted) generated columns.
+                  Specify 'stored: true' option for '#{options[:column].name}'
+                MSG
+              end
+            end
             super
           end
 

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions.rb

@@ -173,11 +173,19 @@ module ActiveRecord
         # :method: xml
         # :call-seq: xml(*names, **options)
 
+        ##
+        # :method: timestamptz
+        # :call-seq: timestamptz(*names, **options)
+
+        ##
+        # :method: enum
+        # :call-seq: enum(*names, **options)
+
         included do
           define_column_methods :bigserial, :bit, :bit_varying, :cidr, :citext, :daterange,
             :hstore, :inet, :interval, :int4range, :int8range, :jsonb, :ltree, :macaddr,
             :money, :numrange, :oid, :point, :line, :lseg, :box, :path, :polygon, :circle,
-            :serial, :tsrange, :tstzrange, :tsvector, :uuid, :xml
+            :serial, :tsrange, :tstzrange, :tsvector, :uuid, :xml, :timestamptz, :enum
         end
       end
 
@@ -191,7 +199,20 @@ module ActiveRecord
           @unlogged = ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.create_unlogged_tables
         end
 
+        def new_column_definition(name, type, **options) # :nodoc:
+          case type
+          when :virtual
+            type = options[:type]
+          end
+
+          super
+        end
+
         private
+          def aliased_types(name, fallback)
+            fallback
+          end
+
           def integer_like_primary_key_type(type, options)
             if type == :bigint || options[:limit] == 8
               :bigserial

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper.rb

@@ -16,9 +16,30 @@ module ActiveRecord
             end
           end
 
+          def types(stream)
+            types = @connection.enum_types
+            if types.any?
+              stream.puts "  # Custom types defined in this database."
+              stream.puts "  # Note that some types may not work with other database engines. Be careful if changing database."
+              types.sort.each do |name, values|
+                stream.puts "  create_enum #{name.inspect}, #{values.split(",").inspect}"
+              end
+              stream.puts
+            end
+          end
+
           def prepare_column_options(column)
             spec = super
             spec[:array] = "true" if column.array?
+
+            if @connection.supports_virtual_columns? && column.virtual?
+              spec[:as] = extract_expression_for_virtual_column(column)
+              spec[:stored] = true
+              spec = { type: schema_type(column).inspect }.merge!(spec)
+            end
+
+            spec[:enum_type] = "\"#{column.sql_type}\"" if column.enum?
+
             spec
           end
 
@@ -43,6 +64,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
           def schema_expression(column)
             super unless column.serial?
           end
+
+          def extract_expression_for_virtual_column(column)
+            column.default_function.inspect
+          end
       end
     end
   end