activerecord 6.1.6 → 7.0.0.alpha1

data/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb

@@ -127,8 +127,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     # <tt>attribute :foo, :string</tt>. Defaults to false.
 
     included do
-      mattr_accessor :primary_key_prefix_type, instance_writer: false
-
+      class_attribute :primary_key_prefix_type, instance_writer: false
       class_attribute :table_name_prefix, instance_writer: false, default: ""
       class_attribute :table_name_suffix, instance_writer: false, default: ""
       class_attribute :schema_migrations_table_name, instance_accessor: false, default: "schema_migrations"
@@ -137,8 +136,24 @@ module ActiveRecord
       class_attribute :implicit_order_column, instance_accessor: false
       class_attribute :immutable_strings_by_default, instance_accessor: false
 
+      # Defines the name of the table column which will store the class name on single-table
+      # inheritance situations.
+      #
+      # The default inheritance column name is +type+, which means it's a
+      # reserved word inside Active Record. To be able to use single-table
+      # inheritance with another column name, or to use the column +type+ in
+      # your own model for something else, you can set +inheritance_column+:
+      #
+      #     self.inheritance_column = 'zoink'
+      class_attribute :inheritance_column, instance_accessor: false, default: "type"
+      singleton_class.class_eval do
+        alias_method :_inheritance_column=, :inheritance_column=
+        private :_inheritance_column=
+        alias_method :inheritance_column=, :real_inheritance_column=
+      end
+
       self.protected_environments = ["production"]
-      self.inheritance_column = "type"
+
       self.ignored_columns = [].freeze
 
       delegate :type_for_attribute, :column_for_attribute, to: :class
@@ -197,6 +212,21 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # the table name guess for an Invoice class becomes "myapp_invoices".
       # Invoice::Lineitem becomes "myapp_invoice_lineitems".
       #
+      # Active Model Naming's +model_name+ is the base name used to guess the
+      # table name. In case a custom Active Model Name is defined, it will be
+      # used for the table name as well:
+      #
+      #   class PostRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
+      #     class << self
+      #       def model_name
+      #         ActiveModel::Name.new(self, nil, "Post")
+      #       end
+      #     end
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   PostRecord.table_name
+      #   # => "posts"
+      #
       # You can also set your own table name explicitly:
       #
       #   class Mouse < ActiveRecord::Base
@@ -233,7 +263,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       # Computes the table name, (re)sets it internally, and returns it.
-      def reset_table_name #:nodoc:
+      def reset_table_name # :nodoc:
         self.table_name = if abstract_class?
           superclass == Base ? nil : superclass.table_name
         elsif superclass.abstract_class?
@@ -243,11 +273,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
       end
 
-      def full_table_name_prefix #:nodoc:
+      def full_table_name_prefix # :nodoc:
         (module_parents.detect { |p| p.respond_to?(:table_name_prefix) } || self).table_name_prefix
       end
 
-      def full_table_name_suffix #:nodoc:
+      def full_table_name_suffix # :nodoc:
         (module_parents.detect { |p| p.respond_to?(:table_name_suffix) } || self).table_name_suffix
       end
 
@@ -266,23 +296,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         @protected_environments = environments.map(&:to_s)
       end
 
-      # Defines the name of the table column which will store the class name on single-table
-      # inheritance situations.
-      #
-      # The default inheritance column name is +type+, which means it's a
-      # reserved word inside Active Record. To be able to use single-table
-      # inheritance with another column name, or to use the column +type+ in
-      # your own model for something else, you can set +inheritance_column+:
-      #
-      #     self.inheritance_column = 'zoink'
-      def inheritance_column
-        (@inheritance_column ||= nil) || superclass.inheritance_column
-      end
-
-      # Sets the value of inheritance_column
-      def inheritance_column=(value)
-        @inheritance_column = value.to_s
-        @explicit_inheritance_column = true
+      def real_inheritance_column=(value) # :nodoc:
+        self._inheritance_column = value.to_s
       end
 
       # The list of columns names the model should ignore. Ignored columns won't have attribute
@@ -339,7 +354,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
       end
 
-      def reset_sequence_name #:nodoc:
+      def reset_sequence_name # :nodoc:
         @explicit_sequence_name = false
         @sequence_name          = connection.default_sequence_name(table_name, primary_key)
       end
@@ -486,9 +501,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #
       # The most common usage pattern for this method is probably in a migration,
       # when just after creating a table you want to populate it with some default
-      # values, eg:
+      # values, e.g.:
       #
-      #  class CreateJobLevels < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
+      #  class CreateJobLevels < ActiveRecord::Migration[7.0]
       #    def up
       #      create_table :job_levels do |t|
       #        t.integer :id
@@ -574,7 +589,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
           @content_columns = nil
           @default_attributes = nil
           @column_defaults = nil
-          @inheritance_column = nil unless defined?(@explicit_inheritance_column) && @explicit_inheritance_column
           @attributes_builder = nil
           @columns = nil
           @columns_hash = nil
@@ -587,8 +601,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         # Guesses the table name, but does not decorate it with prefix and suffix information.
-        def undecorated_table_name(class_name = base_class.name)
-          table_name = class_name.to_s.demodulize.underscore
+        def undecorated_table_name(model_name)
+          table_name = model_name.to_s.demodulize.underscore
           pluralize_table_names ? table_name.pluralize : table_name
         end
 
@@ -602,7 +616,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
               contained += "_"
             end
 
-            "#{full_table_name_prefix}#{contained}#{undecorated_table_name(name)}#{full_table_name_suffix}"
+            "#{full_table_name_prefix}#{contained}#{undecorated_table_name(model_name)}#{full_table_name_suffix}"
           else
             # STI subclasses always use their superclass' table.
             base_class.table_name
@@ -619,7 +633,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         def warn_if_deprecated_type(column)
           return if attributes_to_define_after_schema_loads.key?(column.name)
-          return unless column.respond_to?(:oid)
+          return unless column.respond_to?(:array?)
 
           if column.array?
             array_arguments = ", array: true"

data/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ require "active_support/core_ext/module/redefine_method"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 
 module ActiveRecord
-  module NestedAttributes #:nodoc:
+  module NestedAttributes # :nodoc:
     class TooManyRecords < ActiveRecordError
     end
 
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     #   member.posts.second.title # => '[UPDATED] other post'
     #
     # However, the above applies if the parent model is being updated as well.
-    # For example, If you wanted to create a +member+ named _joe_ and wanted to
+    # For example, if you wanted to create a +member+ named _joe_ and wanted to
     # update the +posts+ at the same time, that would give an
     # ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound error.
     #
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         existing_records = if association.loaded?
           association.target
         else
-          attribute_ids = attributes_collection.map { |a| a["id"] || a[:id] }.compact
+          attribute_ids = attributes_collection.filter_map { |a| a["id"] || a[:id] }
           attribute_ids.empty? ? [] : association.scope.where(association.klass.primary_key => attribute_ids)
         end
 

data/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb

@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     class << self
-      def apply_to(klass) #:nodoc:
+      def apply_to(klass) # :nodoc:
         klasses.push(klass)
         yield
       ensure
         klasses.pop
       end
 
-      def applied_to?(klass) #:nodoc:
+      def applied_to?(klass) # :nodoc:
         klasses.any? { |k| k >= klass }
       end
 

data/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb

@@ -38,10 +38,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
       false
     end
 
-    def to_sql
-      ""
-    end
-
     def calculate(operation, _column_name)
       case operation
       when :count, :sum
@@ -60,8 +56,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     private
-      def exec_queries
-        @records = [].freeze
+      def exec_main_query(async: false)
+        [].freeze
       end
   end
 end

data/lib/active_record/persistence.rb

@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   or <tt>returning: false</tt> to omit the underlying <tt>RETURNING</tt> SQL
       #   clause entirely.
       #
+      #   You can also pass an SQL string if you need more control on the return values
+      #   (for example, <tt>returning: "id, name as new_name"</tt>).
+      #
       # [:unique_by]
       #   (PostgreSQL and SQLite only) By default rows are considered to be unique
       #   by every unique index on the table. Any duplicate rows are skipped.
@@ -120,6 +123,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #     { id: 1, title: "Rework", author: "David" },
       #     { id: 1, title: "Eloquent Ruby", author: "Russ" }
       #   ])
+      #
+      #   # insert_all works on chained scopes, and you can use create_with
+      #   # to set default attributes for all inserted records.
+      #
+      #   author.books.create_with(created_at: Time.now).insert_all([
+      #     { id: 1, title: "Rework" },
+      #     { id: 2, title: "Eloquent Ruby" }
+      #   ])
       def insert_all(attributes, returning: nil, unique_by: nil)
         InsertAll.new(self, attributes, on_duplicate: :skip, returning: returning, unique_by: unique_by).execute
       end
@@ -160,6 +171,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   or <tt>returning: false</tt> to omit the underlying <tt>RETURNING</tt> SQL
       #   clause entirely.
       #
+      #   You can also pass an SQL string if you need more control on the return values
+      #   (for example, <tt>returning: "id, name as new_name"</tt>).
+      #
       # ==== Examples
       #
       #   # Insert multiple records
@@ -184,8 +198,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # go through Active Record's type casting and serialization.
       #
       # See <tt>ActiveRecord::Persistence#upsert_all</tt> for documentation.
-      def upsert(attributes, returning: nil, unique_by: nil)
-        upsert_all([ attributes ], returning: returning, unique_by: unique_by)
+      def upsert(attributes, on_duplicate: :update, returning: nil, unique_by: nil)
+        upsert_all([ attributes ], on_duplicate: on_duplicate, returning: returning, unique_by: unique_by)
       end
 
       # Updates or inserts (upserts) multiple records into the database in a
@@ -208,6 +222,9 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   or <tt>returning: false</tt> to omit the underlying <tt>RETURNING</tt> SQL
       #   clause entirely.
       #
+      #   You can also pass an SQL string if you need more control on the return values
+      #   (for example, <tt>returning: "id, name as new_name"</tt>).
+      #
       # [:unique_by]
       #   (PostgreSQL and SQLite only) By default rows are considered to be unique
       #   by every unique index on the table. Any duplicate rows are skipped.
@@ -228,6 +245,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # <tt>:unique_by</tt> is recommended to be paired with
       # Active Record's schema_cache.
       #
+      # [:on_duplicate]
+      #   Specify a custom SQL for updating rows on conflict.
+      #
+      #   NOTE: in this case you must provide all the columns you want to update by yourself.
+      #
       # ==== Examples
       #
       #   # Inserts multiple records, performing an upsert when records have duplicate ISBNs.
@@ -239,8 +261,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       #   ], unique_by: :isbn)
       #
       #   Book.find_by(isbn: "1").title # => "Eloquent Ruby"
-      def upsert_all(attributes, returning: nil, unique_by: nil)
-        InsertAll.new(self, attributes, on_duplicate: :update, returning: returning, unique_by: unique_by).execute
+      def upsert_all(attributes, on_duplicate: :update, returning: nil, unique_by: nil)
+        InsertAll.new(self, attributes, on_duplicate: on_duplicate, returning: returning, unique_by: unique_by).execute
       end
 
       # Given an attributes hash, +instantiate+ returns a new instance of
@@ -264,6 +286,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # ==== Parameters
       #
       # * +id+ - This should be the id or an array of ids to be updated.
+      #   Optional argument, defaults to all records in the relation.
       # * +attributes+ - This should be a hash of attributes or an array of hashes.
       #
       # ==== Examples
@@ -286,6 +309,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # for updating all records in a single query.
       def update(id = :all, attributes)
         if id.is_a?(Array)
+          if id.any?(ActiveRecord::Base)
+            raise ArgumentError,
+              "You are passing an array of ActiveRecord::Base instances to `update`. " \
+              "Please pass the ids of the objects by calling `pluck(:id)` or `map(&:id)`."
+          end
           id.map { |one_id| find(one_id) }.each_with_index { |object, idx|
             object.update(attributes[idx])
           }
@@ -303,6 +331,32 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
       end
 
+      # Updates the object (or multiple objects) just like #update but calls #update! instead
+      # of +update+, so an exception is raised if the record is invalid and saving will fail.
+      def update!(id = :all, attributes)
+        if id.is_a?(Array)
+          if id.any?(ActiveRecord::Base)
+            raise ArgumentError,
+              "You are passing an array of ActiveRecord::Base instances to `update!`. " \
+              "Please pass the ids of the objects by calling `pluck(:id)` or `map(&:id)`."
+          end
+          id.map { |one_id| find(one_id) }.each_with_index { |object, idx|
+            object.update!(attributes[idx])
+          }
+        elsif id == :all
+          all.each { |record| record.update!(attributes) }
+        else
+          if ActiveRecord::Base === id
+            raise ArgumentError,
+              "You are passing an instance of ActiveRecord::Base to `update!`. " \
+              "Please pass the id of the object by calling `.id`."
+          end
+          object = find(id)
+          object.update!(attributes)
+          object
+        end
+      end
+
       # Destroy an object (or multiple objects) that has the given id. The object is instantiated first,
       # therefore all callbacks and filters are fired off before the object is deleted. This method is
       # less efficient than #delete but allows cleanup methods and other actions to be run.
@@ -356,40 +410,54 @@ module ActiveRecord
         primary_key = self.primary_key
         primary_key_value = nil
 
-        if primary_key && Hash === values
-          primary_key_value = values[primary_key]
-
-          if !primary_key_value && prefetch_primary_key?
+        if prefetch_primary_key? && primary_key
+          values[primary_key] ||= begin
             primary_key_value = next_sequence_value
-            values[primary_key] = primary_key_value
+            _default_attributes[primary_key].with_cast_value(primary_key_value)
           end
         end
 
+        im = Arel::InsertManager.new(arel_table)
+
         if values.empty?
-          im = arel_table.compile_insert(connection.empty_insert_statement_value(primary_key))
-          im.into arel_table
+          im.insert(connection.empty_insert_statement_value(primary_key))
         else
-          im = arel_table.compile_insert(_substitute_values(values))
+          im.insert(values.transform_keys { |name| arel_table[name] })
         end
 
         connection.insert(im, "#{self} Create", primary_key || false, primary_key_value)
       end
 
       def _update_record(values, constraints) # :nodoc:
-        constraints = _substitute_values(constraints).map { |attr, bind| attr.eq(bind) }
+        constraints = constraints.map { |name, value| predicate_builder[name, value] }
 
-        um = arel_table.where(
-          constraints.reduce(&:and)
-        ).compile_update(_substitute_values(values), primary_key)
+        if default_scopes?(all_queries: true)
+          constraints << default_scoped(all_queries: true).where_clause.ast
+        end
+
+        if current_scope = self.global_current_scope
+          constraints << current_scope.where_clause.ast
+        end
+
+        um = Arel::UpdateManager.new(arel_table)
+        um.set(values.transform_keys { |name| arel_table[name] })
+        um.wheres = constraints
 
         connection.update(um, "#{self} Update")
       end
 
       def _delete_record(constraints) # :nodoc:
-        constraints = _substitute_values(constraints).map { |attr, bind| attr.eq(bind) }
+        constraints = constraints.map { |name, value| predicate_builder[name, value] }
+
+        if default_scopes?(all_queries: true)
+          constraints << default_scoped(all_queries: true).where_clause.ast
+        end
+
+        if current_scope = self.global_current_scope
+          constraints << current_scope.where_clause.ast
+        end
 
-        dm = Arel::DeleteManager.new
-        dm.from(arel_table)
+        dm = Arel::DeleteManager.new(arel_table)
         dm.wheres = constraints
 
         connection.delete(dm, "#{self} Destroy")
@@ -411,14 +479,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
         def discriminate_class_for_record(record)
           self
         end
-
-        def _substitute_values(values)
-          values.map do |name, value|
-            attr = arel_table[name]
-            bind = predicate_builder.build_bind_attribute(attr.name, value)
-            [attr, bind]
-          end
-        end
     end
 
     # Returns true if this object hasn't been saved yet -- that is, a record
@@ -434,6 +494,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       @previously_new_record
     end
 
+    # Returns true if this object was previously persisted but now it has been deleted.
+    def previously_persisted?
+      !new_record? && destroyed?
+    end
+
     # Returns true if this object has been destroyed, otherwise returns false.
     def destroyed?
       @destroyed
@@ -556,17 +621,17 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     # Returns an instance of the specified +klass+ with the attributes of the
-    # current record. This is mostly useful in relation to single-table
-    # inheritance structures where you want a subclass to appear as the
+    # current record. This is mostly useful in relation to single table
+    # inheritance (STI) structures where you want a subclass to appear as the
     # superclass. This can be used along with record identification in
     # Action Pack to allow, say, <tt>Client < Company</tt> to do something
     # like render <tt>partial: @client.becomes(Company)</tt> to render that
     # instance using the companies/company partial instead of clients/client.
     #
     # Note: The new instance will share a link to the same attributes as the original class.
-    # Therefore the sti column value will still be the same.
+    # Therefore the STI column value will still be the same.
     # Any change to the attributes on either instance will affect both instances.
-    # If you want to change the sti column as well, use #becomes! instead.
+    # If you want to change the STI column as well, use #becomes! instead.
     def becomes(klass)
       became = klass.allocate
 
@@ -581,11 +646,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       became
     end
 
-    # Wrapper around #becomes that also changes the instance's sti column value.
+    # Wrapper around #becomes that also changes the instance's STI column value.
     # This is especially useful if you want to persist the changed class in your
     # database.
     #
-    # Note: The old instance's sti column value will be changed too, as both objects
+    # Note: The old instance's STI column value will be changed too, as both objects
     # share the same set of attributes.
     def becomes!(klass)
       became = becomes(klass)
@@ -671,14 +736,15 @@ module ActiveRecord
         verify_readonly_attribute(name) || name
       end
 
-      id_in_database = self.id_in_database
-      attributes.each do |k, v|
-        write_attribute_without_type_cast(k, v)
+      update_constraints = _primary_key_constraints_hash
+      attributes = attributes.each_with_object({}) do |(k, v), h|
+        h[k] = @attributes.write_cast_value(k, v)
+        clear_attribute_change(k)
       end
 
       affected_rows = self.class._update_record(
         attributes,
-        @primary_key => id_in_database
+        update_constraints
       )
 
       affected_rows == 1
@@ -800,13 +866,13 @@ module ActiveRecord
     def reload(options = nil)
       self.class.connection.clear_query_cache
 
-      fresh_object =
-        if options && options[:lock]
-          self.class.unscoped { self.class.lock(options[:lock]).find(id) }
-        else
-          self.class.unscoped { self.class.find(id) }
-        end
+      fresh_object = if apply_scoping?(options)
+        _find_record(options)
+      else
+        self.class.unscoped { _find_record(options) }
+      end
 
+      @association_cache = fresh_object.instance_variable_get(:@association_cache)
       @attributes = fresh_object.instance_variable_get(:@attributes)
       @new_record = false
       @previously_new_record = false
@@ -865,6 +931,29 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
   private
+    def strict_loaded_associations
+      @association_cache.find_all do |_, assoc|
+        assoc.owner.strict_loading? && !assoc.owner.strict_loading_n_plus_one_only?
+      end.map(&:first)
+    end
+
+    def _find_record(options)
+      if options && options[:lock]
+        self.class.preload(strict_loaded_associations).lock(options[:lock]).find(id)
+      else
+        self.class.preload(strict_loaded_associations).find(id)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def apply_scoping?(options)
+      !(options && options[:unscoped]) &&
+        (self.class.default_scopes?(all_queries: true) || self.class.global_current_scope)
+    end
+
+    def _primary_key_constraints_hash
+      { @primary_key => id_in_database }
+    end
+
     # A hook to be overridden by association modules.
     def destroy_associations
     end
@@ -874,7 +963,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     def _delete_row
-      self.class._delete_record(@primary_key => id_in_database)
+      self.class._delete_record(_primary_key_constraints_hash)
     end
 
     def _touch_row(attribute_names, time)
@@ -890,7 +979,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     def _update_row(attribute_names, attempted_action = "update")
       self.class._update_record(
         attributes_with_values(attribute_names),
-        @primary_key => id_in_database
+        _primary_key_constraints_hash
       )
     end
 

data/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     def self.run
       pools = []
 
-      if ActiveRecord::Base.legacy_connection_handling
+      if ActiveRecord.legacy_connection_handling
         ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handlers.each do |key, handler|
           pools.concat(handler.connection_pool_list.reject { |p| p.query_cache_enabled }.each { |p| p.enable_query_cache! })
         end
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     def self.complete(pools)
       pools.each { |pool| pool.disable_query_cache! }
 
-      if ActiveRecord::Base.legacy_connection_handling
+      if ActiveRecord.legacy_connection_handling
         ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handlers.each do |_, handler|
           handler.connection_pool_list.each do |pool|
             pool.release_connection if pool.active_connection? && !pool.connection.transaction_open?