activerecord 5.2.7.1 → 6.1.4.6

data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,44 +1,197 @@
-## Rails 5.2.7.1 (April 26, 2022) ##
+## Rails 6.1.4.6 (February 11, 2022) ##
 
 *   No changes.
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.7 (March 10, 2022) ##
+## Rails 6.1.4.5 (February 11, 2022) ##
 
 *   No changes.
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.6.3 (March 08, 2022) ##
+## Rails 6.1.4.4 (December 15, 2021) ##
 
 *   No changes.
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.6.2 (February 11, 2022) ##
+## Rails 6.1.4.3 (December 14, 2021) ##
 
 *   No changes.
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.6.1 (February 11, 2022) ##
+## Rails 6.1.4.2 (December 14, 2021) ##
 
 *   No changes.
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.6 (May 05, 2021) ##
+## Rails 6.1.4.1 (August 19, 2021) ##
 
 *   No changes.
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.5 (March 26, 2021) ##
+## Rails 6.1.4 (June 24, 2021) ##
+
+*   Do not try to rollback transactions that failed due to a `ActiveRecord::TransactionRollbackError`.
+
+    *Jamie McCarthy*
+
+*   Raise an error if `pool_config` is `nil` in `set_pool_config`.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+
+*   Fix compatibility with `psych >= 4`.
+
+    Starting in Psych 4.0.0 `YAML.load` behaves like `YAML.safe_load`. To preserve compatibility
+    Active Record's schema cache loader and `YAMLColumn` now uses `YAML.unsafe_load` if available.
+
+    *Jean Boussier*
+
+*   Support using replicas when using `rails dbconsole`.
+
+    *Christopher Thornton*
+
+*   Restore connection pools after transactional tests.
+
+    *Eugene Kenny*
+
+*   Change `upsert_all` to fails cleanly for MySQL when `:unique_by` is used.
+
+    *Bastian Bartmann*
+
+*   Fix user-defined `self.default_scope` to respect table alias.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Clear `@cache_keys` cache after `update_all`, `delete_all`, `destroy_all`.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Changed Arel predications `contains` and `overlaps` to use
+    `quoted_node` so that PostgreSQL arrays are quoted properly.
+
+    *Bradley Priest*
+
+*   Fix `merge` when the `where` clauses have string contents.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix rollback of parent destruction with nested `dependent: :destroy`.
+
+    *Jacopo Beschi*
+
+*   Fix binds logging for `"WHERE ... IN ..."` statements.
+
+    *Ricardo Díaz*
+
+*   Handle `false` in relation strict loading checks.
+
+    Previously when a model had strict loading set to true and then had a
+    relation set `strict_loading` to false the false wasn't considered when
+    deciding whether to raise/warn about strict loading.
+
+    ```
+    class Dog < ActiveRecord::Base
+      self.strict_loading_by_default = true
+
+      has_many :treats, strict_loading: false
+    end
+    ```
+
+    In the example, `dog.treats` would still raise even though
+    `strict_loading` was set to false. This is a bug effecting more than
+    Active Storage which is why I made this PR superceeding #41461. We need
+    to fix this for all applications since the behavior is a little
+    surprising. I took the test from ##41461 and the code suggestion from #41453
+    with some additions.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Radamés Roriz*
+
+*   Fix numericality validator without precision.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix aggregate attribute on Enum types.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix `CREATE INDEX` statement generation for PostgreSQL.
+
+    *eltongo*
+
+*   Fix where clause on enum attribute when providing array of strings.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix `unprepared_statement` to work it when nesting.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+
+## Rails 6.1.3.2 (May 05, 2021) ##
 
 *   No changes.
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.4.6 (May 05, 2021) ##
+## Rails 6.1.3.1 (March 26, 2021) ##
 
 *   No changes.
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.4.5 (February 10, 2021) ##
+## Rails 6.1.3 (February 17, 2021) ##
+
+*   Fix the MySQL adapter to always set the right collation and charset
+    to the connection session.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Fix MySQL adapter handling of time objects when prepared statements
+    are enabled.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Fix scoping in enum fields using conditions that would generate
+    an `IN` clause.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Skip optimised #exist? query when #include? is called on a relation
+    with a having clause
+
+    Relations that have aliased select values AND a having clause that
+    references an aliased select value would generate an error when
+    #include? was called, due to an optimisation that would generate
+    call #exists? on the relation instead, which effectively alters
+    the select values of the query (and thus removes the aliased select
+    values), but leaves the having clause intact. Because the having
+    clause is then referencing an aliased column that is no longer
+    present in the simplified query, an ActiveRecord::InvalidStatement
+    error was raised.
+
+    An sample query affected by this problem:
+
+    ```ruby
+    Author.select('COUNT(*) as total_posts', 'authors.*')
+          .joins(:posts)
+          .group(:id)
+          .having('total_posts > 2')
+          .include?(Author.first)
+    ```
+
+    This change adds an addition check to the condition that skips the
+    simplified #exists? query, which simply checks for the presence of
+    a having clause.
+
+    Fixes #41417
+
+    *Michael Smart*
+
+*   Increment postgres prepared statement counter before making a prepared statement, so if the statement is aborted
+    without Rails knowledge (e.g., if app gets kill -9d during long-running query or due to Rack::Timeout), app won't end
+    up in perpetual crash state for being inconsistent with Postgres.
+
+    *wbharding*, *Martin Tepper*
+
+
+## Rails 6.1.2.1 (February 10, 2021) ##
 
 *   Fix possible DoS vector in PostgreSQL money type
 
@@ -53,999 +206,1416 @@
     *Aaron Patterson*
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.4.4 (September 09, 2020) ##
+## Rails 6.1.2 (February 09, 2021) ##
 
-*   No changes.
+*   Fix timestamp type for sqlite3.
 
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
 
-## Rails 5.2.4.3 (May 18, 2020) ##
+*   Make destroy async transactional.
 
-*   No changes.
+    An active record rollback could occur while enqueuing a job. In this
+    case the job would enqueue even though the database deletion
+    rolledback putting things in a funky state.
 
-## Rails 5.2.4.2 (March 19, 2020) ##
+    Now the jobs are only enqueued until after the db transaction has been committed.
 
-*   No changes.
+    *Cory Gwin*
 
+*   Fix malformed packet error in MySQL statement for connection configuration.
 
-## Rails 5.2.4.1 (December 18, 2019) ##
+    *robinroestenburg*
 
-*   No changes.
+*   Connection specification now passes the "url" key as a configuration for the
+    adapter if the "url" protocol is "jdbc", "http", or "https". Previously only
+    urls with the "jdbc" prefix were passed to the Active Record Adapter, others
+    are assumed to be adapter specification urls.
 
+    Fixes #41137.
 
-## Rails 5.2.4 (November 27, 2019) ##
+    *Jonathan Bracy*
 
-*   Fix circular `autosave: true` causes invalid records to be saved.
+*   Fix granular connection swapping when there are multiple abstract classes.
 
-    Prior to the fix, when there was a circular series of `autosave: true`
-    associations, the callback for a `has_many` association was run while
-    another instance of the same callback on the same association hadn't
-    finished running. When control returned to the first instance of the
-    callback, the instance variable had changed, and subsequent associated
-    records weren't saved correctly. Specifically, the ID field for the
-    `belongs_to` corresponding to the `has_many` was `nil`.
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
 
-    Fixes #28080.
+*   Fix `find_by` with custom primary key for belongs_to association.
 
-    *Larry Reid*
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   PostgreSQL: Fix GROUP BY with ORDER BY virtual count attribute.
+*   Add support for `rails console --sandbox` for multiple database applications.
 
-    Fixes #36022.
+    *alpaca-tc*
+
+*   Fix `where` on polymorphic association with empty array.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fix sqlite3 collation parsing when using decimal columns.
+*   Fix preventing writes for `ApplicationRecord`.
 
-    *Martin R. Schuster*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
 
-*   Make ActiveRecord `ConnectionPool.connections` method thread-safe.
 
-    Fixes #36465.
+## Rails 6.1.1 (January 07, 2021) ##
 
-    *Jeff Doering*
-
-*   Assign all attributes before calling `build` to ensure the child record is visible in
-    `before_add` and `after_add` callbacks for `has_many :through` associations.
+*   Fix fixtures loading when strict loading is enabled for the association.
 
-    Fixes #33249.
+    *Alex Ghiculescu*
 
-    *Ryan H. Kerr*
+*   Fix `where` with custom primary key for belongs_to association.
 
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-## Rails 5.2.3 (March 27, 2019) ##
+*   Fix `where` with aliased associations.
 
-*   Fix different `count` calculation when using `size` with manual `select` with DISTINCT.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-    Fixes #35214.
+*   Fix `composed_of` with symbol mapping.
 
-    *Juani Villarejo*
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fix prepared statements caching to be enabled even when query caching is enabled.
+*   Don't skip money's type cast for pluck and calculations.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Don't allow `where` with invalid value matches to nil values.
-
-    Fixes #33624.
+*   Fix `where` on polymorphic association with non Active Record object.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Restore an ability that class level `update` without giving ids.
+*   Make sure `db:prepare` works even the schema file doesn't exist.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Fixes #34743.
+*   Fix complicated `has_many :through` with nested where condition.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fix join table column quoting with SQLite.
+*   Handle STI models for `has_many dependent: :destroy_async`.
 
-    *Gannon McGibbon*
+    *Muhammad Usman*
 
-*   Ensure that `delete_all` on collection proxy returns affected count.
+*   Restore possibility of passing `false` to :polymorphic option of `belongs_to`.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    Previously, passing `false` would trigger the option validation logic
+    to throw an error saying :polymorphic would not be a valid option.
 
-*   Reset scope after delete on collection association to clear stale offsets of removed records.
+    *glaszig*
 
-    *Gannon McGibbon*
+*   Allow adding nonnamed expression indexes to be revertible.
 
+    Fixes #40732.
 
-## Rails 5.2.2.1 (March 11, 2019) ##
+    Previously, the following code would raise an error, when executed while rolling back,
+    and the index name should be specified explicitly. Now, the index name is inferred
+    automatically.
 
-*   No changes.
+    ```ruby
+    add_index(:items, "to_tsvector('english', description)")
+    ```
+
+    *fatkodima*
 
 
-## Rails 5.2.2 (December 04, 2018) ##
+## Rails 6.1.0 (December 09, 2020) ##
 
-*   Do not ignore the scoping with query methods in the scope block.
+*   Only warn about negative enums if a positive form that would cause conflicts exists.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    Fixes #39065.
 
-*   Allow aliased attributes to be used in `#update_columns` and `#update`.
+    *Alex Ghiculescu*
 
-    *Gannon McGibbon*
+*   Change `attribute_for_inspect` to take `filter_attributes` in consideration.
 
-*   Allow spaces in postgres table names.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Fixes issue where "user post" is misinterpreted as "\"user\".\"post\"" when quoting table names with the postgres
-    adapter.
+*   Fix odd behavior of inverse_of with multiple belongs_to to same class.
 
-    *Gannon McGibbon*
+    Fixes #35204.
 
-*   Cached columns_hash fields should be excluded from ResultSet#column_types
+    *Tomoyuki Kai*
 
-    PR #34528 addresses the inconsistent behaviour when attribute is defined for an ignored column. The following test
-    was passing for SQLite and MySQL, but failed for PostgreSQL:
+*   Build predicate conditions with objects that delegate `#id` and primary key:
 
     ```ruby
-    class DeveloperName < ActiveRecord::Type::String
-      def deserialize(value)
-        "Developer: #{value}"
+    class AdminAuthor
+      delegate_missing_to :@author
+
+      def initialize(author)
+        @author = author
       end
     end
 
-    class AttributedDeveloper < ActiveRecord::Base
-      self.table_name = "developers"
+    Post.where(author: AdminAuthor.new(author))
+    ```
 
-      attribute :name, DeveloperName.new
+    *Sean Doyle*
 
-      self.ignored_columns += ["name"]
-    end
+*   Add `connected_to_many` API.
 
-    developer = AttributedDeveloper.create
-    developer.update_column :name, "name"
+    This API allows applications to connect to multiple databases at once without switching all of them or implementing a deeply nested stack.
 
-    loaded_developer = AttributedDeveloper.where(id: developer.id).select("*").first
-    puts loaded_developer.name # should be "Developer: name" but it's just "name"
-    ```
-
-    *Dmitry Tsepelev*
+    Before:
 
-*   Values of enum are frozen, raising an error when attempting to modify them.
+        AnimalsRecord.connected_to(role: :reading) do
+          MealsRecord.connected_to(role: :reading) do
+            Dog.first # read from animals replica
+            Dinner.first # read from meals replica
+            Person.first # read from primary writer
+          end
+        end
 
-    *Emmanuel Byrd*
+    After:
 
-*   `update_columns` now correctly raises `ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError`
-    if the attribute does not exist.
+        ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to_many([AnimalsRecord, MealsRecord], role: :reading) do
+          Dog.first # read from animals replica
+          Dinner.first # read from meals replica
+          Person.first # read from primary writer
+        end
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-*   Do not use prepared statement in queries that have a large number of binds.
+*   Add option to raise or log for `ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError`.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    Some applications may not want to raise an error in production if using `strict_loading`. This would allow an application to set strict loading to log for the production environment while still raising in development and test environments.
 
-*   Fix query cache to load before first request.
+    Set `config.active_record.action_on_strict_loading_violation` to `:log` errors instead of raising.
 
     *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
 
-*   Fix collection cache key with limit and custom select to avoid ambiguous timestamp column error.
+*   Allow the inverse of a `has_one` association that was previously autosaved to be loaded.
 
-    Fixes #33056.
+    Fixes #34255.
 
-    *Federico Martinez*
+    *Steven Weber*
 
-*   Fix duplicated record creation when using nested attributes with `create_with`.
+*   Optimise the length of index names for polymorphic references by using the reference name rather than the type and id column names.
 
-    *Darwin Wu*
+    Because the default behaviour when adding an index with multiple columns is to use all column names in the index name, this could frequently lead to overly long index names for polymorphic references which would fail the migration if it exceeded the database limit.
 
-*   Fix regression setting children record in parent `before_save` callback.
+    This change reduces the chance of that happening by using the reference name, e.g. `index_my_table_on_my_reference`.
 
-    *Guo Xiang Tan*
+    Fixes #38655.
 
-*   Prevent leaking of user's DB credentials on `rails db:create` failure.
+    *Luke Redpath*
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+*   MySQL: Uniqueness validator now respects default database collation,
+    no longer enforce case sensitive comparison by default.
 
-*   Clear mutation tracker before continuing the around callbacks.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-    *Yuya Tanaka*
+*   Remove deprecated methods from `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::DatabaseLimits`.
 
-*   Prevent deadlocks when waiting for connection from pool.
+    `column_name_length`
+    `table_name_length`
+    `columns_per_table`
+    `indexes_per_table`
+    `columns_per_multicolumn_index`
+    `sql_query_length`
+    `joins_per_query`
 
-    *Brent Wheeldon*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Avoid extra scoping when using `Relation#update` that was causing this method to change the current scope.
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::AbstractAdapter#supports_multi_insert?`.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Fix numericality validator not to be affected by custom getter.
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::AbstractAdapter#supports_foreign_keys_in_create?`.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Fix bulk change table ignores comment option on PostgreSQL.
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter#supports_ranges?`.
 
-    *Yoshiyuki Kinjo*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Base#update_attributes` and `ActiveRecord::Base#update_attributes!`.
 
-## Rails 5.2.1.1 (November 27, 2018) ##
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   No changes.
+*   Remove deprecated `migrations_path` argument in `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapter::SchemaStatements#assume_migrated_upto_version`.
 
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-## Rails 5.2.1 (August 07, 2018) ##
+*   Remove deprecated `config.active_record.sqlite3.represent_boolean_as_integer`.
 
-*   PostgreSQL: Support new relkind for partitioned tables.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Fixes #33008.
+*   `relation.create` does no longer leak scope to class level querying methods
+    in initialization block and callbacks.
 
-    *Yannick Schutz*
+    Before:
 
-*   Rollback parent transaction when children fails to update.
+        User.where(name: "John").create do |john|
+          User.find_by(name: "David") # => nil
+        end
 
-    *Guillaume Malette*
+    After:
 
-*   Fix default value for MySQL time types with specified precision.
+        User.where(name: "John").create do |john|
+          User.find_by(name: "David") # => #<User name: "David", ...>
+        end
 
-    *Nikolay Kondratyev*
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fix `touch` option to behave consistently with `Persistence#touch` method.
+*   Named scope chain does no longer leak scope to class level querying methods.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+        class User < ActiveRecord::Base
+          scope :david, -> { User.where(name: "David") }
+        end
+
+    Before:
+
+        User.where(name: "John").david
+        # SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = 'John' AND name = 'David'
 
-*   Fix `save` in `after_create_commit` won't invoke extra `after_create_commit`.
+    After:
 
-    Fixes #32831.
+        User.where(name: "John").david
+        # SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = 'David'
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fix logic on disabling commit callbacks so they are not called unexpectedly when errors occur.
+*   Remove deprecated methods from `ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations`.
 
-    *Brian Durand*
+    `fetch`
+    `each`
+    `first`
+    `values`
+    `[]=`
 
-*   Fix parent record should not get saved with duplicate children records.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Fixes #32940.
+*   `where.not` now generates NAND predicates instead of NOR.
 
-    *Santosh Wadghule*
+     Before:
 
-*   Fix that association's after_touch is not called with counter cache.
+        User.where.not(name: "Jon", role: "admin")
+        # SELECT * FROM users WHERE name != 'Jon' AND role != 'admin'
 
-    Fixes #31559.
+     After:
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+        User.where.not(name: "Jon", role: "admin")
+        # SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name == 'Jon' AND role == 'admin')
 
-*   `becomes` should clear the mutation tracker which is created in `after_initialize`.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Fixes #32867.
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Result#to_hash` method.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Allow a belonging to parent object to be created from a new record.
+*   Deprecate `ActiveRecord::Base.allow_unsafe_raw_sql`.
 
-    *Jolyon Pawlyn*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Fix that building record with assigning multiple has_one associations
-    wrongly persists through record.
+*   Remove deprecated support for using unsafe raw SQL in `ActiveRecord::Relation` methods.
 
-    Fixes #32511.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Sam DeCesare*
+*   Allow users to silence the "Rails couldn't infer whether you are using multiple databases..."
+    message using `config.active_record.suppress_multiple_database_warning`.
 
-*   Fix relation merging when one of the relations is going to skip the
-    query cache.
+    *Omri Gabay*
 
-    *James Williams*
+*   Connections can be granularly switched for abstract classes when `connected_to` is called.
 
+    This change allows `connected_to` to switch a `role` and/or `shard` for a single abstract class instead of all classes globally. Applications that want to use the new feature need to set `config.active_record.legacy_connection_handling` to `false` in their application configuration.
 
-## Rails 5.2.0 (April 09, 2018) ##
+    Example usage:
 
-*   MySQL: Support mysql2 0.5.x.
+    Given an application we have a `User` model that inherits from `ApplicationRecord` and a `Dog` model that inherits from `AnimalsRecord`. `AnimalsRecord` and `ApplicationRecord` have writing and reading connections as well as shard `default`, `one`, and `two`.
 
-    *Aaron Stone*
+    ```ruby
+    ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :reading) do
+      User.first # reads from default replica
+      Dog.first # reads from default replica
 
-*   Apply time column precision on assignment.
+      AnimalsRecord.connected_to(role: :writing, shard: :one) do
+        User.first # reads from default replica
+        Dog.first # reads from shard one primary
+      end
 
-    PR #20317 changed the behavior of datetime columns so that when they
-    have a specified precision then on assignment the value is rounded to
-    that precision. This behavior is now applied to time columns as well.
+      User.first # reads from default replica
+      Dog.first # reads from default replica
 
-    Fixes #30301.
+      ApplicationRecord.connected_to(role: :writing, shard: :two) do
+        User.first # reads from shard two primary
+        Dog.first # reads from default replica
+      end
+    end
+    ```
 
-    *Andrew White*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-*   Normalize time column values for SQLite database.
+*   Allow double-dash comment syntax when querying read-only databases
 
-    For legacy reasons, time columns in SQLite are stored as full datetimes
-    because until #24542 the quoting for time columns didn't remove the date
-    component. To ensure that values are consistent we now normalize the
-    date component to 2001-01-01 on reading and writing.
+    *James Adam*
 
-    *Andrew White*
+*   Add `values_at` method.
 
-*   Ensure that the date component is removed when quoting times.
+    Returns an array containing the values associated with the given methods.
 
-    PR #24542 altered the quoting for time columns so that the date component
-    was removed however it only removed it when it was 2001-01-01. Now the
-    date component is removed irrespective of what the date is.
+    ```ruby
+    topic = Topic.first
+    topic.values_at(:title, :author_name)
+    # => ["Budget", "Jason"]
+    ```
 
-    *Andrew White*
+    Similar to `Hash#values_at` but on an Active Record instance.
 
-*   Fix `dependent: :destroy` issue for has_one/belongs_to relationship where
-    the parent class was getting deleted when the child was not.
+    *Guillaume Briday*
 
-    Fixes #32022.
+*   Fix `read_attribute_before_type_cast` to consider attribute aliases.
 
-    *Fernando Gorodscy*
+    *Marcelo Lauxen*
 
-*   Whitelist `NULLS FIRST` and `NULLS LAST` in order clauses too.
+*   Support passing record to uniqueness validator `:conditions` callable:
 
-    *Xavier Noria*
+    ```ruby
+    class Article < ApplicationRecord
+      validates_uniqueness_of :title, conditions: ->(article) {
+        published_at = article.published_at
+        where(published_at: published_at.beginning_of_year..published_at.end_of_year)
+      }
+    end
+    ```
 
-*   Fix that after commit callbacks on update does not triggered when optimistic locking is enabled.
+    *Eliot Sykes*
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   `BatchEnumerator#update_all` and `BatchEnumerator#delete_all` now return the
+    total number of rows affected, just like their non-batched counterparts.
 
-*   Fix `#columns_for_distinct` of MySQL and PostgreSQL to make
-    `ActiveRecord::FinderMethods#limited_ids_for` use correct primary key values
-    even if `ORDER BY` columns include other table's primary key.
+    ```ruby
+    Person.in_batches.update_all("first_name = 'Eugene'") # => 42
+    Person.in_batches.delete_all # => 42
+    ```
 
-    Fixes #28364.
+    Fixes #40287.
 
-    *Takumi Kagiyama*
+    *Eugene Kenny*
 
-*   Make `reflection.klass` raise if `polymorphic?` not to be misused.
+*   Add support for PostgreSQL `interval` data type with conversion to
+    `ActiveSupport::Duration` when loading records from database and
+    serialization to ISO 8601 formatted duration string on save.
+    Add support to define a column in migrations and get it in a schema dump.
+    Optional column precision is supported.
 
-    Fixes #31876.
+    To use this in 6.1, you need to place the next string to your model file:
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+        attribute :duration, :interval
+
+    To keep old behavior until 6.2 is released:
 
-*   PostgreSQL: Allow pg-1.0 gem to be used with Active Record.
+        attribute :duration, :string
 
-    *Lars Kanis*
+    Example:
 
-*   Deprecate `expand_hash_conditions_for_aggregates` without replacement.
-    Using a `Relation` for performing queries is the prefered API.
+        create_table :events do |t|
+          t.string   :name
+          t.interval :duration
+        end
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+        class Event < ApplicationRecord
+          attribute :duration, :interval
+        end
 
-*   Fix not expanded problem when passing an Array object as argument to the where method using `composed_of` column.
+        Event.create!(name: 'Rock Fest', duration: 2.days)
+        Event.last.duration # => 2 days
+        Event.last.duration.iso8601 # => "P2D"
+        Event.new(duration: 'P1DT12H3S').duration # => 1 day, 12 hours, and 3 seconds
+        Event.new(duration: '1 day') # Unknown value will be ignored and NULL will be written to database
 
-    ```
-    david_balance = customers(:david).balance
-    Customer.where(balance: [david_balance]).to_sql
+    *Andrey Novikov*
+
+*   Allow associations supporting the `dependent:` key to take `dependent: :destroy_async`.
 
-    # Before: WHERE `customers`.`balance` = NULL
-    # After : WHERE `customers`.`balance` = 50
+    ```ruby
+    class Account < ActiveRecord::Base
+        belongs_to :supplier, dependent: :destroy_async
+    end
     ```
 
-    Fixes #31723.
+    `:destroy_async` will enqueue a job to destroy associated records in the background.
 
-    *Yutaro Kanagawa*
+    *DHH*, *George Claghorn*, *Cory Gwin*, *Rafael Mendonça França*, *Adrianna Chang*
 
-*   Fix `count(:all)` with eager loading and having an order other than the driving table.
+*   Add `SKIP_TEST_DATABASE` environment variable to disable modifying the test database when `rails db:create` and `rails db:drop` are called.
 
-    Fixes #31783.
+    *Jason Schweier*
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   `connects_to` can only be called on `ActiveRecord::Base` or abstract classes.
 
-*   Clear the transaction state when an Active Record object is duped.
+    Ensure that `connects_to` can only be called from `ActiveRecord::Base` or abstract classes. This protects the application from opening duplicate or too many connections.
 
-    Fixes #31670.
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-    *Yuriy Ustushenko*
+*   All connection adapters `execute` now raises `ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished` rather than
+    `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` when they encounter a connection error.
 
-*   Support for PostgreSQL foreign tables.
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-    *fatkodima*
+*   `Mysql2Adapter#quote_string` now raises `ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished` rather than
+    `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` when it can't connect to the MySQL server.
 
-*   Fix relation merger issue with `left_outer_joins`.
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-    *Mehmet Emin İNAÇ*
+*   Add support for check constraints that are `NOT VALID` via `validate: false` (PostgreSQL-only).
 
-*   Don't allow destroyed object mutation after `save` or `save!` is called.
+    *Alex Robbin*
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   Ensure the default configuration is considered primary or first for an environment
 
-*   Take into account association conditions when deleting through records.
+    If a multiple database application provides a configuration named primary, that will be treated as default. In applications that do not have a primary entry, the default database configuration will be the first configuration for an environment.
 
-    Fixes #18424.
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+
+*   Allow `where` references association names as joined table name aliases.
+
+    ```ruby
+    class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base
+      enum label: [:default, :child]
+      has_many :children, class_name: "Comment", foreign_key: :parent_id
+    end
 
-    *Piotr Jakubowski*
+    # ... FROM comments LEFT OUTER JOIN comments children ON ... WHERE children.label = 1
+    Comment.includes(:children).where("children.label": "child")
+    ```
 
-*   Fix nested `has_many :through` associations on unpersisted parent instances.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-    For example, if you have
+*   Support storing demodulized class name for polymorphic type.
 
-        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-          belongs_to :author
-          has_many :books, through: :author
-          has_many :subscriptions, through: :books
-        end
+    Before Rails 6.1, storing demodulized class name is supported only for STI type
+    by `store_full_sti_class` class attribute.
 
-        class Author < ActiveRecord::Base
-          has_one :post
-          has_many :books
-          has_many :subscriptions, through: :books
-        end
+    Now `store_full_class_name` class attribute can handle both STI and polymorphic types.
 
-        class Book < ActiveRecord::Base
-          belongs_to :author
-          has_many :subscriptions
-        end
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-        class Subscription < ActiveRecord::Base
-          belongs_to :book
-        end
+*   Deprecate `rails db:structure:{load, dump}` tasks and extend
+    `rails db:schema:{load, dump}` tasks to work with either `:ruby` or `:sql` format,
+    depending on `config.active_record.schema_format` configuration value.
 
-    Before:
+    *fatkodima*
 
-    If `post` is not persisted, then `post.subscriptions` will be empty.
+*   Respect the `select` values for eager loading.
 
-    After:
+    ```ruby
+    post = Post.select("UPPER(title) AS title").first
+    post.title # => "WELCOME TO THE WEBLOG"
+    post.body  # => ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError
+
+    # Rails 6.0 (ignore the `select` values)
+    post = Post.select("UPPER(title) AS title").eager_load(:comments).first
+    post.title # => "Welcome to the weblog"
+    post.body  # => "Such a lovely day"
+
+    # Rails 6.1 (respect the `select` values)
+    post = Post.select("UPPER(title) AS title").eager_load(:comments).first
+    post.title # => "WELCOME TO THE WEBLOG"
+    post.body  # => ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError
+    ```
 
-    If `post` is not persisted, then `post.subscriptions` can be set and used
-    just like it would if `post` were persisted.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-    Fixes #16313.
+*   Allow attribute's default to be configured but keeping its own type.
 
-    *Zoltan Kiss*
+    ```ruby
+    class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
+      attribute :written_at, default: -> { Time.now.utc }
+    end
 
-*   Fixed inconsistency with `first(n)` when used with `limit()`.
-    The `first(n)` finder now respects the `limit()`, making it consistent
-    with `relation.to_a.first(n)`, and also with the behavior of `last(n)`.
+    # Rails 6.0
+    Post.type_for_attribute(:written_at) # => #<Type::Value ... precision: nil, ...>
 
-    Fixes #23979.
+    # Rails 6.1
+    Post.type_for_attribute(:written_at) # => #<Type::DateTime ... precision: 6, ...>
+    ```
 
-    *Brian Christian*
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Use `count(:all)` in `HasManyAssociation#count_records` to prevent invalid
-    SQL queries for association counting.
+*   Allow default to be configured for Enum.
 
-    *Klas Eskilson*
+    ```ruby
+    class Book < ActiveRecord::Base
+      enum status: [:proposed, :written, :published], _default: :published
+    end
 
-*   Fix to invoke callbacks when using `update_attribute`.
+    Book.new.status # => "published"
+    ```
 
-    *Mike Busch*
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fix `count(:all)` to correctly work `distinct` with custom SELECT list.
+*   Deprecate YAML loading from legacy format older than Rails 5.0.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Using subselect for `delete_all` with `limit` or `offset`.
+*   Added the setting `ActiveRecord::Base.immutable_strings_by_default`, which
+    allows you to specify that all string columns should be frozen unless
+    otherwise specified. This will reduce memory pressure for applications which
+    do not generally mutate string properties of Active Record objects.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*, *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Deprecate `map!` and `collect!` on `ActiveRecord::Result`.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Undefine attribute methods on descendants when resetting column
-    information.
+*   Support `relation.and` for intersection as Set theory.
 
-    *Chris Salzberg*
+    ```ruby
+    david_and_mary = Author.where(id: [david, mary])
+    mary_and_bob   = Author.where(id: [mary, bob])
 
-*   Log database query callers.
+    david_and_mary.merge(mary_and_bob) # => [mary, bob]
 
-    Add `verbose_query_logs` configuration option to display the caller
-    of database queries in the log to facilitate N+1 query resolution
-    and other debugging.
+    david_and_mary.and(mary_and_bob) # => [mary]
+    david_and_mary.or(mary_and_bob)  # => [david, mary, bob]
+    ```
 
-    Enabled in development only for new and upgraded applications. Not
-    recommended for use in the production environment since it relies
-    on Ruby's `Kernel#caller_locations` which is fairly slow.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-    *Olivier Lacan*
+*   Merging conditions on the same column no longer maintain both conditions,
+    and will be consistently replaced by the latter condition in Rails 6.2.
+    To migrate to Rails 6.2's behavior, use `relation.merge(other, rewhere: true)`.
 
-*   Fix conflicts `counter_cache` with `touch: true` by optimistic locking.
+    ```ruby
+    # Rails 6.1 (IN clause is replaced by merger side equality condition)
+    Author.where(id: [david.id, mary.id]).merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => [bob]
 
+    # Rails 6.1 (both conflict conditions exists, deprecated)
+    Author.where(id: david.id..mary.id).merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => []
+
+    # Rails 6.1 with rewhere to migrate to Rails 6.2's behavior
+    Author.where(id: david.id..mary.id).merge(Author.where(id: bob), rewhere: true) # => [bob]
+
+    # Rails 6.2 (same behavior with IN clause, mergee side condition is consistently replaced)
+    Author.where(id: [david.id, mary.id]).merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => [bob]
+    Author.where(id: david.id..mary.id).merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => [bob]
     ```
-    # create_table :posts do |t|
-    #   t.integer :comments_count, default: 0
-    #   t.integer :lock_version
-    #   t.timestamps
-    # end
-    class Post < ApplicationRecord
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Do not mark Postgresql MAC address and UUID attributes as changed when the assigned value only varies by case.
+
+    *Peter Fry*
+
+*   Resolve issue with insert_all unique_by option when used with expression index.
+
+    When the `:unique_by` option of `ActiveRecord::Persistence.insert_all` and
+    `ActiveRecord::Persistence.upsert_all` was used with the name of an expression index, an error
+    was raised. Adding a guard around the formatting behavior for the `:unique_by` corrects this.
+
+    Usage:
+
+    ```ruby
+    create_table :books, id: :integer, force: true do |t|
+      t.column :name, :string
+      t.index "lower(name)", unique: true
     end
 
-    # create_table :comments do |t|
-    #   t.belongs_to :post
-    # end
-    class Comment < ApplicationRecord
-      belongs_to :post, touch: true, counter_cache: true
+    Book.insert_all [{ name: "MyTest" }], unique_by: :index_books_on_lower_name
+    ```
+
+    Fixes #39516.
+
+    *Austen Madden*
+
+*   Add basic support for CHECK constraints to database migrations.
+
+    Usage:
+
+    ```ruby
+    add_check_constraint :products, "price > 0", name: "price_check"
+    remove_check_constraint :products, name: "price_check"
+    ```
+
+    *fatkodima*
+
+*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base.strict_loading_by_default` and `ActiveRecord::Base.strict_loading_by_default=`
+    to enable/disable strict_loading mode by default for a model. The configuration's value is
+    inheritable by subclasses, but they can override that value and it will not impact parent class.
+
+    Usage:
+
+    ```ruby
+    class Developer < ApplicationRecord
+      self.strict_loading_by_default = true
+
+      has_many :projects
     end
+
+    dev = Developer.first
+    dev.projects.first
+    # => ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError Exception: Developer is marked as strict_loading and Project cannot be lazily loaded.
     ```
 
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Deprecate passing an Active Record object to `quote`/`type_cast` directly.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Default engine `ENGINE=InnoDB` is no longer dumped to make schema more agnostic.
+
     Before:
-    ```
-    post = Post.create!
-    # => begin transaction
-         INSERT INTO "posts" ("created_at", "updated_at", "lock_version")
-         VALUES ("2017-12-11 21:27:11.387397", "2017-12-11 21:27:11.387397", 0)
-         commit transaction
-
-    comment = Comment.create!(post: post)
-    # => begin transaction
-         INSERT INTO "comments" ("post_id") VALUES (1)
-
-         UPDATE "posts" SET "comments_count" = COALESCE("comments_count", 0) + 1,
-         "lock_version" = COALESCE("lock_version", 0) + 1 WHERE "posts"."id" = 1
-
-         UPDATE "posts" SET "updated_at" = '2017-12-11 21:27:11.398330',
-         "lock_version" = 1 WHERE "posts"."id" = 1 AND "posts"."lock_version" = 0
-         rollback transaction
-    # => ActiveRecord::StaleObjectError: Attempted to touch a stale object: Post.
-
-    Comment.take.destroy!
-    # => begin transaction
-         DELETE FROM "comments" WHERE "comments"."id" = 1
-
-         UPDATE "posts" SET "comments_count" = COALESCE("comments_count", 0) - 1,
-         "lock_version" = COALESCE("lock_version", 0) + 1 WHERE "posts"."id" = 1
-
-         UPDATE "posts" SET "updated_at" = '2017-12-11 21:42:47.785901',
-         "lock_version" = 1 WHERE "posts"."id" = 1 AND "posts"."lock_version" = 0
-         rollback transaction
-    # => ActiveRecord::StaleObjectError: Attempted to touch a stale object: Post.
+
+    ```ruby
+    create_table "accounts", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
+    end
     ```
 
     After:
-    ```
-    post = Post.create!
-    # => begin transaction
-         INSERT INTO "posts" ("created_at", "updated_at", "lock_version")
-         VALUES ("2017-12-11 21:27:11.387397", "2017-12-11 21:27:11.387397", 0)
-         commit transaction
-
-    comment = Comment.create!(post: post)
-    # => begin transaction
-         INSERT INTO "comments" ("post_id") VALUES (1)
-
-         UPDATE "posts" SET "comments_count" = COALESCE("comments_count", 0) + 1,
-         "lock_version" = COALESCE("lock_version", 0) + 1,
-         "updated_at" = '2017-12-11 21:37:09.802642' WHERE "posts"."id" = 1
-         commit transaction
-
-    comment.destroy!
-    # => begin transaction
-         DELETE FROM "comments" WHERE "comments"."id" = 1
-
-         UPDATE "posts" SET "comments_count" = COALESCE("comments_count", 0) - 1,
-         "lock_version" = COALESCE("lock_version", 0) + 1,
-         "updated_at" = '2017-12-11 21:39:02.685520' WHERE "posts"."id" = 1
-         commit transaction
+
+    ```ruby
+    create_table "accounts", charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
+    end
     ```
 
-    Fixes #31199.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+*   Added delegated type as an alternative to single-table inheritance for representing class hierarchies.
+    See ActiveRecord::DelegatedType for the full description.
 
-*   Add support for PostgreSQL operator classes to `add_index`.
+    *DHH*
 
-    Example:
+*   Deprecate aggregations with group by duplicated fields.
 
-        add_index :users, :name, using: :gist, opclass: { name: :gist_trgm_ops }
+    To migrate to Rails 6.2's behavior, use `uniq!(:group)` to deduplicate group fields.
 
-    *Greg Navis*
+    ```ruby
+    accounts = Account.group(:firm_id)
+
+    # duplicated group fields, deprecated.
+    accounts.merge(accounts.where.not(credit_limit: nil)).sum(:credit_limit)
+    # => {
+    #   [1, 1] => 50,
+    #   [2, 2] => 60
+    # }
+
+    # use `uniq!(:group)` to deduplicate group fields.
+    accounts.merge(accounts.where.not(credit_limit: nil)).uniq!(:group).sum(:credit_limit)
+    # => {
+    #   1 => 50,
+    #   2 => 60
+    # }
+    ```
 
-*   Don't allow scopes to be defined which conflict with instance methods on `Relation`.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-    Fixes #31120.
+*   Deprecate duplicated query annotations.
 
-    *kinnrot*
+    To migrate to Rails 6.2's behavior, use `uniq!(:annotate)` to deduplicate query annotations.
 
-*   Add new error class `QueryCanceled` which will be raised
-    when canceling statement due to user request.
+    ```ruby
+    accounts = Account.where(id: [1, 2]).annotate("david and mary")
+
+    # duplicated annotations, deprecated.
+    accounts.merge(accounts.rewhere(id: 3))
+    # SELECT accounts.* FROM accounts WHERE accounts.id = 3 /* david and mary */ /* david and mary */
+
+    # use `uniq!(:annotate)` to deduplicate annotations.
+    accounts.merge(accounts.rewhere(id: 3)).uniq!(:annotate)
+    # SELECT accounts.* FROM accounts WHERE accounts.id = 3 /* david and mary */
+    ```
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Add `#up_only` to database migrations for code that is only relevant when
-    migrating up, e.g. populating a new column.
+*   Resolve conflict between counter cache and optimistic locking.
 
-    *Rich Daley*
+    Bump an Active Record instance's lock version after updating its counter
+    cache. This avoids raising an unnecessary `ActiveRecord::StaleObjectError`
+    upon subsequent transactions by maintaining parity with the corresponding
+    database record's `lock_version` column.
 
-*   Require raw SQL fragments to be explicitly marked when used in
-    relation query methods.
+    Fixes #16449.
 
-    Before:
-    ```
-    Article.order("LENGTH(title)")
+    *Aaron Lipman*
+
+*   Support merging option `:rewhere` to allow mergee side condition to be replaced exactly.
+
+    ```ruby
+    david_and_mary = Author.where(id: david.id..mary.id)
+
+    # both conflict conditions exists
+    david_and_mary.merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => []
+
+    # mergee side condition is replaced by rewhere
+    david_and_mary.merge(Author.rewhere(id: bob)) # => [bob]
+
+    # mergee side condition is replaced by rewhere option
+    david_and_mary.merge(Author.where(id: bob), rewhere: true) # => [bob]
     ```
 
-    After:
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Add support for finding records based on signed ids, which are tamper-proof, verified ids that can be
+    set to expire and scoped with a purpose. This is particularly useful for things like password reset
+    or email verification, where you want the bearer of the signed id to be able to interact with the
+    underlying record, but usually only within a certain time period.
+
+    ```ruby
+    signed_id = User.first.signed_id expires_in: 15.minutes, purpose: :password_reset
+
+    User.find_signed signed_id # => nil, since the purpose does not match
+
+    travel 16.minutes
+    User.find_signed signed_id, purpose: :password_reset # => nil, since the signed id has expired
+
+    travel_back
+    User.find_signed signed_id, purpose: :password_reset # => User.first
+
+    User.find_signed! "bad data" # => ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier::InvalidSignature
     ```
-    Article.order(Arel.sql("LENGTH(title)"))
+
+    *DHH*
+
+*   Support `ALGORITHM = INSTANT` DDL option for index operations on MySQL.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix index creation to preserve index comment in bulk change table on MySQL.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Allow `unscope` to be aware of table name qualified values.
+
+    It is possible to unscope only the column in the specified table.
+
+    ```ruby
+    posts = Post.joins(:comments).group(:"posts.hidden")
+    posts = posts.where("posts.hidden": false, "comments.hidden": false)
+
+    posts.count
+    # => { false => 10 }
+
+    # unscope both hidden columns
+    posts.unscope(where: :hidden).count
+    # => { false => 11, true => 1 }
+
+    # unscope only comments.hidden column
+    posts.unscope(where: :"comments.hidden").count
+    # => { false => 11 }
     ```
 
-    This prevents SQL injection if applications use the [strongly
-    discouraged] form `Article.order(params[:my_order])`, under the
-    mistaken belief that only column names will be accepted.
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*, *Slava Korolev*
+
+*   Fix `rewhere` to truly overwrite collided where clause by new where clause.
+
+    ```ruby
+    steve = Person.find_by(name: "Steve")
+    david = Author.find_by(name: "David")
+
+    relation = Essay.where(writer: steve)
 
-    Raw SQL strings will now cause a deprecation warning, which will
-    become an UnknownAttributeReference error in Rails 6.0. Applications
-    can opt in to the future behavior by setting `allow_unsafe_raw_sql`
-    to `:disabled`.
+    # Before
+    relation.rewhere(writer: david).to_a # => []
 
-    Common and judged-safe string values (such as simple column
-    references) are unaffected:
+    # After
+    relation.rewhere(writer: david).to_a # => [david]
     ```
-    Article.order("title DESC")
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Inspect time attributes with subsec and time zone offset.
+
+    ```ruby
+    p Knot.create
+    => #<Knot id: 1, created_at: "2016-05-05 01:29:47.116928000 +0000">
     ```
 
-    *Ben Toews*
+    *akinomaeni*, *Jonathan Hefner*
 
-*   `update_all` will now pass its values to `Type#cast` before passing them to
-    `Type#serialize`. This means that `update_all(foo: 'true')` will properly
-    persist a boolean.
+*   Deprecate passing a column to `type_cast`.
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Add new error class `StatementTimeout` which will be raised
-    when statement timeout exceeded.
+*   Deprecate `in_clause_length` and `allowed_index_name_length` in `DatabaseLimits`.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fix `bin/rails db:migrate` with specified `VERSION`.
-    `bin/rails db:migrate` with empty VERSION behaves as without `VERSION`.
-    Check a format of `VERSION`: Allow a migration version number
-    or name of a migration file. Raise error if format of `VERSION` is invalid.
-    Raise error if target migration doesn't exist.
+*   Support bulk insert/upsert on relation to preserve scope values.
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+    *Josef Šimánek*, *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fixed a bug where column orders for an index weren't written to
-    `db/schema.rb` when using the sqlite adapter.
+*   Preserve column comment value on changing column name on MySQL.
 
-    Fixes #30902.
+    *Islam Taha*
 
-    *Paul Kuruvilla*
+*   Add support for `if_exists` option for removing an index.
 
-*   Remove deprecated method `#sanitize_conditions`.
+    The `remove_index` method can take an `if_exists` option. If this is set to true an error won't be raised if the index doesn't exist.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
 
-*   Remove deprecated method `#scope_chain`.
+*   Remove ibm_db, informix, mssql, oracle, and oracle12 Arel visitors which are not used in the code base.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Remove deprecated configuration `.error_on_ignored_order_or_limit`.
+*   Prevent `build_association` from `touching` a parent record if the record isn't persisted for `has_one` associations.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    Fixes #38219.
 
-*   Remove deprecated arguments from `#verify!`.
+    *Josh Brody*
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+*   Add support for `if_not_exists` option for adding index.
 
-*   Remove deprecated argument `name` from `#indexes`.
+    The `add_index` method respects `if_not_exists` option. If it is set to true
+    index won't be added.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    Usage:
 
-*   Remove deprecated method `ActiveRecord::Migrator.schema_migrations_table_name`.
+    ```ruby
+      add_index :users, :account_id, if_not_exists: true
+    ```
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    The `if_not_exists` option passed to `create_table` also gets propagated to indexes
+    created within that migration so that if table and its indexes exist then there is no
+    attempt to create them again.
 
-*   Remove deprecated method `supports_primary_key?`.
+    *Prathamesh Sonpatki*
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base#previously_new_record?` to show if a record was new before the last save.
 
-*   Remove deprecated method `supports_migrations?`.
+    *Tom Ward*
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+*   Support descending order for `find_each`, `find_in_batches`, and `in_batches`.
 
-*   Remove deprecated methods `initialize_schema_migrations_table` and `initialize_internal_metadata_table`.
+    Batch processing methods allow you to work with the records in batches, greatly reducing memory consumption, but records are always batched from oldest id to newest.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    This change allows reversing the order, batching from newest to oldest. This is useful when you need to process newer batches of records first.
 
-*   Raises when calling `lock!` in a dirty record.
+    Pass `order: :desc` to yield batches in descending order. The default remains `order: :asc`.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    ```ruby
+    Person.find_each(order: :desc) do |person|
+      person.party_all_night!
+    end
+    ```
 
-*   Remove deprecated support to passing a class to `:class_name` on associations.
+    *Alexey Vasiliev*
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+*   Fix `insert_all` with enum values.
 
-*   Remove deprecated argument `default` from `index_name_exists?`.
+    Fixes #38716.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    *Joel Blum*
 
-*   Remove deprecated support to `quoted_id` when typecasting an Active Record object.
+*   Add support for `db:rollback:name` for multiple database applications.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    Multiple database applications will now raise if `db:rollback` is call and recommend using the `db:rollback:[NAME]` to rollback migrations.
 
-*   Fix `bin/rails db:setup` and `bin/rails db:test:prepare` create wrong
-    ar_internal_metadata's data for a test database.
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
 
-    Before:
+*   `Relation#pick` now uses already loaded results instead of making another query.
+
+    *Eugene Kenny*
+
+*   Deprecate using `return`, `break` or `throw` to exit a transaction block after writes.
+
+    *Dylan Thacker-Smith*
+
+*   Dump the schema or structure of a database when calling `db:migrate:name`.
+
+    In previous versions of Rails, `rails db:migrate` would dump the schema of the database. In Rails 6, that holds true (`rails db:migrate` dumps all databases' schemas), but `rails db:migrate:name` does not share that behavior.
+
+    Going forward, calls to `rails db:migrate:name` will dump the schema (or structure) of the database being migrated.
+
+    *Kyle Thompson*
+
+*   Reset the `ActiveRecord::Base` connection after `rails db:migrate:name`.
+
+    When `rails db:migrate` has finished, it ensures the `ActiveRecord::Base` connection is reset to its original configuration. Going forward, `rails db:migrate:name` will have the same behavior.
+
+    *Kyle Thompson*
+
+*   Disallow calling `connected_to` on subclasses of `ActiveRecord::Base`.
+
+    Behavior has not changed here but the previous API could be misleading to people who thought it would switch connections for only that class. `connected_to` switches the context from which we are getting connections, not the connections themselves.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+
+*   Add support for horizontal sharding to `connects_to` and `connected_to`.
+
+    Applications can now connect to multiple shards and switch between their shards in an application. Note that the shard swapping is still a manual process as this change does not include an API for automatic shard swapping.
+
+    Usage:
+
+    Given the following configuration:
+
+    ```yaml
+    # config/database.yml
+    production:
+      primary:
+        database: my_database
+      primary_shard_one:
+        database: my_database_shard_one
     ```
-    $ RAILS_ENV=test rails dbconsole
-    > SELECT * FROM ar_internal_metadata;
-    key|value|created_at|updated_at
-    environment|development|2017-09-11 23:14:10.815679|2017-09-11 23:14:10.815679
+
+    Connect to multiple shards:
+
+    ```ruby
+    class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
+      self.abstract_class = true
+
+      connects_to shards: {
+        default: { writing: :primary },
+        shard_one: { writing: :primary_shard_one }
+      }
     ```
 
-    After:
+    Swap between shards in your controller / model code:
+
+    ```ruby
+    ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(shard: :shard_one) do
+      # Read from shard one
+    end
     ```
-    $ RAILS_ENV=test rails dbconsole
-    > SELECT * FROM ar_internal_metadata;
-    key|value|created_at|updated_at
-    environment|test|2017-09-11 23:14:10.815679|2017-09-11 23:14:10.815679
+
+    The horizontal sharding API also supports read replicas. See guides for more details.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+
+*   Deprecate `spec_name` in favor of `name` on database configurations.
+
+    The accessors for `spec_name` on `configs_for` and `DatabaseConfig` are deprecated. Please use `name` instead.
+
+    Deprecated behavior:
+
+    ```ruby
+    db_config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for(env_name: "development", spec_name: "primary")
+    db_config.spec_name
     ```
 
-    Fixes #26731.
+    New behavior:
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+    ```ruby
+    db_config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for(env_name: "development", name: "primary")
+    db_config.name
+    ```
 
-*   Fix longer sequence name detection for serial columns.
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
 
-    Fixes #28332.
+*   Add additional database-specific rake tasks for multi-database users.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    Previously, `rails db:create`, `rails db:drop`, and `rails db:migrate` were the only rails tasks that could operate on a single
+    database. For example:
 
-*   MySQL: Don't lose `auto_increment: true` in the `db/schema.rb`.
+    ```
+    rails db:create
+    rails db:create:primary
+    rails db:create:animals
+    rails db:drop
+    rails db:drop:primary
+    rails db:drop:animals
+    rails db:migrate
+    rails db:migrate:primary
+    rails db:migrate:animals
+    ```
 
-    Fixes #30894.
+    With these changes, `rails db:schema:dump`, `rails db:schema:load`, `rails db:structure:dump`, `rails db:structure:load` and
+    `rails db:test:prepare` can additionally operate on a single database. For example:
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    ```
+    rails db:schema:dump
+    rails db:schema:dump:primary
+    rails db:schema:dump:animals
+    rails db:schema:load
+    rails db:schema:load:primary
+    rails db:schema:load:animals
+    rails db:structure:dump
+    rails db:structure:dump:primary
+    rails db:structure:dump:animals
+    rails db:structure:load
+    rails db:structure:load:primary
+    rails db:structure:load:animals
+    rails db:test:prepare
+    rails db:test:prepare:primary
+    rails db:test:prepare:animals
+    ```
 
-*   Fix `COUNT(DISTINCT ...)` for `GROUP BY` with `ORDER BY` and `LIMIT`.
+    *Kyle Thompson*
 
-    Fixes #30886.
+*   Add support for `strict_loading` mode on association declarations.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    Raise an error if attempting to load a record from an association that has been marked as `strict_loading` unless it was explicitly eager loaded.
 
-*   PostgreSQL `tsrange` now preserves subsecond precision.
+    Usage:
 
-    PostgreSQL 9.1+ introduced range types, and Rails added support for using
-    this datatype in Active Record. However, the serialization of
-    `PostgreSQL::OID::Range` was incomplete, because it did not properly
-    cast the bounds that make up the range. This led to subseconds being
-    dropped in SQL commands:
+    ```ruby
+    class Developer < ApplicationRecord
+      has_many :projects, strict_loading: true
+    end
 
-    Before:
+    dev = Developer.first
+    dev.projects.first
+    # => ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError: The projects association is marked as strict_loading and cannot be lazily loaded.
+    ```
 
-        connection.type_cast(tsrange.serialize(range_value))
-        # => "[2010-01-01 13:30:00 UTC,2011-02-02 19:30:00 UTC)"
+    *Kevin Deisz*
 
-    Now:
+*   Add support for `strict_loading` mode to prevent lazy loading of records.
 
-        connection.type_cast(tsrange.serialize(range_value))
-        # => "[2010-01-01 13:30:00.670277,2011-02-02 19:30:00.745125)"
+    Raise an error if a parent record is marked as `strict_loading` and attempts to lazily load its associations. This is useful for finding places you may want to preload an association and avoid additional queries.
 
-    *Thomas Cannon*
+    Usage:
 
-*   Passing a `Set` to `Relation#where` now behaves the same as passing an
-    array.
+    ```ruby
+    dev = Developer.strict_loading.first
+    dev.audit_logs.to_a
+    # => ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError: Developer is marked as strict_loading and AuditLog cannot be lazily loaded.
+    ```
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
 
-*   Use given algorithm while removing index from database.
+*   Add support for PostgreSQL 11+ partitioned indexes when using `upsert_all`.
 
-    Fixes #24190.
+    *Sebastián Palma*
 
-    *Mehmet Emin İNAÇ*
+*   Adds support for `if_not_exists` to `add_column` and `if_exists` to `remove_column`.
 
-*   Update payload names for `sql.active_record` instrumentation to be
-    more descriptive.
+    Applications can set their migrations to ignore exceptions raised when adding a column that already exists or when removing a column that does not exist.
 
-    Fixes #30586.
+    Example Usage:
 
-    *Jeremy Green*
+    ```ruby
+    class AddColumnTitle < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]
+      def change
+        add_column :posts, :title, :string, if_not_exists: true
+      end
+    end
+    ```
 
-*   Add new error class `LockWaitTimeout` which will be raised
-    when lock wait timeout exceeded.
+    ```ruby
+    class RemoveColumnTitle < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]
+      def change
+        remove_column :posts, :title, if_exists: true
+      end
+    end
+    ```
 
-    *Gabriel Courtemanche*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
 
-*   Remove deprecated `#migration_keys`.
+*   Regexp-escape table name for MS SQL Server.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    Add `Regexp.escape` to one method in ActiveRecord, so that table names with regular expression characters in them work as expected. Since MS SQL Server uses "[" and "]" to quote table and column names, and those characters are regular expression characters, methods like `pluck` and `select` fail in certain cases when used with the MS SQL Server adapter.
 
-*   Automatically guess the inverse associations for STI.
+    *Larry Reid*
 
-    *Yuichiro Kaneko*
+*   Store advisory locks on their own named connection.
 
-*   Ensure `sum` honors `distinct` on `has_many :through` associations.
+    Previously advisory locks were taken out against a connection when a migration started. This works fine in single database applications but doesn't work well when migrations need to open new connections which results in the lock getting dropped.
 
-    Fixes #16791.
+    In order to fix this we are storing the advisory lock on a new connection with the connection specification name `AdvisoryLockBase`. The caveat is that we need to maintain at least 2 connections to a database while migrations are running in order to do this.
 
-    *Aaron Wortham*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-*   Add `binary` fixture helper method.
+*   Allow schema cache path to be defined in the database configuration file.
 
-    *Atsushi Yoshida*
+    For example:
 
-*   When using `Relation#or`, extract the common conditions and put them before the OR condition.
+    ```yaml
+    development:
+      adapter: postgresql
+      database: blog_development
+      pool: 5
+      schema_cache_path: tmp/schema/main.yml
+    ```
 
-    *Maxime Handfield Lapointe*
+    *Katrina Owen*
 
-*   `Relation#or` now accepts two relations who have different values for
-    `references` only, as `references` can be implicitly called by `where`.
+*   Deprecate `#remove_connection` in favor of `#remove_connection_pool` when called on the handler.
 
-    Fixes #29411.
+    `#remove_connection` is deprecated in order to support returning a `DatabaseConfig` object instead of a `Hash`. Use `#remove_connection_pool`, `#remove_connection` will be removed in 6.2.
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-*   `ApplicationRecord` is no longer generated when generating models. If you
-    need to generate it, it can be created with `rails g application_record`.
+*   Deprecate `#default_hash` and it's alias `#[]` on database configurations.
 
-    *Lisa Ugray*
+    Applications should use `configs_for`. `#default_hash` and `#[]` will be removed in 6.2.
 
-*   Fix `COUNT(DISTINCT ...)` with `ORDER BY` and `LIMIT` to keep the existing select list.
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   Add scale support to `ActiveRecord::Validations::NumericalityValidator`.
 
-*   When a `has_one` association is destroyed by `dependent: destroy`,
-    `destroyed_by_association` will now be set to the reflection, matching the
-    behaviour of `has_many` associations.
+    *Gannon McGibbon*
 
-    *Lisa Ugray*
+*   Find orphans by looking for missing relations through chaining `where.missing`:
 
-*   Fix `unscoped(where: [columns])` removing the wrong bind values.
+    Before:
 
-    When the `where` is called on a relation after a `or`, unscoping the column of that later `where` removed
-    bind values used by the `or` instead. (possibly other cases too)
+    ```ruby
+    Post.left_joins(:author).where(authors: { id: nil })
+    ```
 
+    After:
+
+    ```ruby
+    Post.where.missing(:author)
     ```
-    Post.where(id: 1).or(Post.where(id: 2)).where(foo: 3).unscope(where: :foo).to_sql
-    # Currently:
-    #     SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE ("posts"."id" = 2 OR "posts"."id" = 3)
-    # With fix:
-    #     SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE ("posts"."id" = 1 OR "posts"."id" = 2)
+
+    *Tom Rossi*
+
+*   Ensure `:reading` connections always raise if a write is attempted.
+
+    Now Rails will raise an `ActiveRecord::ReadOnlyError` if any connection on the reading handler attempts to make a write. If your reading role needs to write you should name the role something other than `:reading`.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+
+*   Deprecate `"primary"` as the `connection_specification_name` for `ActiveRecord::Base`.
+
+    `"primary"` has been deprecated as the `connection_specification_name` for `ActiveRecord::Base` in favor of using `"ActiveRecord::Base"`. This change affects calls to `ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handler.retrieve_connection` and `ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handler.remove_connection`. If you're calling these methods with `"primary"`, please switch to `"ActiveRecord::Base"`.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+
+*   Add `ActiveRecord::Validations::NumericalityValidator` with
+    support for casting floats using a database columns' precision value.
+
+    *Gannon McGibbon*
+
+*   Enforce fresh ETag header after a collection's contents change by adding
+    ActiveRecord::Relation#cache_key_with_version. This method will be used by
+    ActionController::ConditionalGet to ensure that when collection cache versioning
+    is enabled, requests using ConditionalGet don't return the same ETag header
+    after a collection is modified.
+
+    Fixes #38078.
+
+    *Aaron Lipman*
+
+*   Skip test database when running `db:create` or `db:drop` in development
+    with `DATABASE_URL` set.
+
+    *Brian Buchalter*
+
+*   Don't allow mutations on the database configurations hash.
+
+    Freeze the configurations hash to disallow directly changing it. If applications need to change the hash, for example to create databases for parallelization, they should use the `DatabaseConfig` object directly.
+
+    Before:
+
+    ```ruby
+    @db_config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for(env_name: "test", spec_name: "primary")
+    @db_config.configuration_hash.merge!(idle_timeout: "0.02")
     ```
 
-    *Maxime Handfield Lapointe*
+    After:
 
-*   Values constructed using multi-parameter assignment will now use the
-    post-type-cast value for rendering in single-field form inputs.
+    ```ruby
+    @db_config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for(env_name: "test", spec_name: "primary")
+    config = @db_config.configuration_hash.merge(idle_timeout: "0.02")
+    db_config = ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations::HashConfig.new(@db_config.env_name, @db_config.spec_name, config)
+    ```
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-*   `Relation#joins` is no longer affected by the target model's
-    `current_scope`, with the exception of `unscoped`.
+*   Remove `:connection_id` from the `sql.active_record` notification.
 
-    Fixes #29338.
+    *Aaron Patterson*, *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Sean Griffin*
+*   The `:name` key will no longer be returned as part of `DatabaseConfig#configuration_hash`. Please use `DatabaseConfig#owner_name` instead.
 
-*   Change sqlite3 boolean serialization to use 1 and 0.
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-    SQLite natively recognizes 1 and 0 as true and false, but does not natively
-    recognize 't' and 'f' as was previously serialized.
+*   ActiveRecord's `belongs_to_required_by_default` flag can now be set per model.
 
-    This change in serialization requires a migration of stored boolean data
-    for SQLite databases, so it's implemented behind a configuration flag
-    whose default false value is deprecated.
+    You can now opt-out/opt-in specific models from having their associations required
+    by default.
 
-    *Lisa Ugray*
+    This change is meant to ease the process of migrating all your models to have
+    their association required.
 
-*   Skip query caching when working with batches of records (`find_each`, `find_in_batches`,
-    `in_batches`).
+    *Edouard Chin*
 
-    Previously, records would be fetched in batches, but all records would be retained in memory
-    until the end of the request or job.
+*   The `connection_config` method has been deprecated, please use `connection_db_config` instead which will return a `DatabaseConfigurations::DatabaseConfig` instead of a `Hash`.
 
-    *Eugene Kenny*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-*   Prevent errors raised by `sql.active_record` notification subscribers from being converted into
-    `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` exceptions.
+*   Retain explicit selections on the base model after applying `includes` and `joins`.
 
-    *Dennis Taylor*
+    Resolves #34889.
 
-*   Fix eager loading/preloading association with scope including joins.
+    *Patrick Rebsch*
 
-    Fixes #28324.
+*   The `database` kwarg is deprecated without replacement because it can't be used for sharding and creates an issue if it's used during a request. Applications that need to create new connections should use `connects_to` instead.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-*   Fix transactions to apply state to child transactions.
+*   Allow attributes to be fetched from Arel node groupings.
 
-    Previously, if you had a nested transaction and the outer transaction was rolledback, the record from the
-    inner transaction would still be marked as persisted.
+    *Jeff Emminger*, *Gannon McGibbon*
 
-    This change fixes that by applying the state of the parent transaction to the child transaction when the
-    parent transaction is rolledback. This will correctly mark records from the inner transaction as not persisted.
+*   A database URL can now contain a querystring value that contains an equal sign. This is needed to support passing PostgreSQL `options`.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
+    *Joshua Flanagan*
 
-*   Deprecate `set_state` method in `TransactionState`.
+*   Calling methods like `establish_connection` with a `Hash` which is invalid (eg: no `adapter`) will now raise an error the same way as connections defined in `config/database.yml`.
 
-    Deprecated the `set_state` method in favor of setting the state via specific methods. If you need to mark the
-    state of the transaction you can now use `rollback!`, `commit!` or `nullify!` instead of
-    `set_state(:rolledback)`, `set_state(:committed)`, or `set_state(nil)`.
+    *John Crepezzi*
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
+*   Specifying `implicit_order_column` now subsorts the records by primary key if available to ensure deterministic results.
 
-*   Deprecate delegating to `arel` in `Relation`.
+    *Paweł Urbanek*
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   `where(attr => [])` now loads an empty result without making a query.
 
-*   Query cache was unavailable when entering the `ActiveRecord::Base.cache` block
-    without being connected.
+    *John Hawthorn*
 
-    *Tsukasa Oishi*
+*   Fixed the performance regression for `primary_keys` introduced MySQL 8.0.
 
-*   Previously, when building records using a `has_many :through` association,
-    if the child records were deleted before the parent was saved, they would
-    still be persisted. Now, if child records are deleted before the parent is saved
-    on a `has_many :through` association, the child records will not be persisted.
+    *Hiroyuki Ishii*
 
-    *Tobias Kraze*
+*   Add support for `belongs_to` to `has_many` inversing.
 
-*   Merging two relations representing nested joins no longer transforms the joins of
-    the merged relation into LEFT OUTER JOIN.
+    *Gannon McGibbon*
 
-    Example:
+*   Allow length configuration for `has_secure_token` method. The minimum length
+    is set at 24 characters.
 
+    Before:
+
+    ```ruby
+    has_secure_token :auth_token
     ```
-    Author.joins(:posts).merge(Post.joins(:comments))
-    # Before the change:
-    #=> SELECT ... FROM authors INNER JOIN posts ON ... LEFT OUTER JOIN comments ON...
 
-    # After the change:
-    #=> SELECT ... FROM authors INNER JOIN posts ON ... INNER JOIN comments ON...
+    After:
+
+    ```ruby
+    has_secure_token :default_token             # 24 characters
+    has_secure_token :auth_token, length: 36    # 36 characters
+    has_secure_token :invalid_token, length: 12 # => ActiveRecord::SecureToken::MinimumLengthError
     ```
 
-    *Maxime Handfield Lapointe*
+    *Bernardo de Araujo*
 
-*   `ActiveRecord::Persistence#touch` does not work well when optimistic locking enabled and
-    `locking_column`, without default value, is null in the database.
+*   Deprecate `DatabaseConfigurations#to_h`. These connection hashes are still available via `ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for`.
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+    *Eileen Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
 
-*   Fix destroying existing object does not work well when optimistic locking enabled and
-    `locking_column` is null in the database.
+*   Add `DatabaseConfig#configuration_hash` to return database configuration hashes with symbol keys, and use all symbol-key configuration hashes internally. Deprecate `DatabaseConfig#config` which returns a String-keyed `Hash` with the same values.
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+    *John Crepezzi*, *Eileen Uchitelle*
+
+*   Allow column names to be passed to `remove_index` positionally along with other options.
+
+    Passing other options can be necessary to make `remove_index` correctly reversible.
+
+    Before:
 
-*   Use bulk INSERT to insert fixtures for better performance.
+        add_index    :reports, :report_id               # => works
+        add_index    :reports, :report_id, unique: true # => works
+        remove_index :reports, :report_id               # => works
+        remove_index :reports, :report_id, unique: true # => ArgumentError
+
+    After:
+
+        remove_index :reports, :report_id, unique: true # => works
+
+    *Eugene Kenny*
+
+*   Allow bulk `ALTER` statements to drop and recreate indexes with the same name.
+
+    *Eugene Kenny*
+
+*   `insert`, `insert_all`, `upsert`, and `upsert_all` now clear the query cache.
+
+    *Eugene Kenny*
+
+*   Call `while_preventing_writes` directly from `connected_to`.
+
+    In some cases application authors want to use the database switching middleware and make explicit calls with `connected_to`. It's possible for an app to turn off writes and not turn them back on by the time we call `connected_to(role: :writing)`.
+
+    This change allows apps to fix this by assuming if a role is writing we want to allow writes, except in the case it's explicitly turned off.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+
+*   Improve detection of ActiveRecord::StatementTimeout with mysql2 adapter in the edge case when the query is terminated during filesort.
 
     *Kir Shatrov*
 
-*   Prevent creation of bind param if casted value is nil.
+*   Stop trying to read yaml file fixtures when loading Active Record fixtures.
+
+    *Gannon McGibbon*
+
+*   Deprecate `.reorder(nil)` with `.first` / `.first!` taking non-deterministic result.
+
+    To continue taking non-deterministic result, use `.take` / `.take!` instead.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Deprecate passing arguments and block at the same time to `count` and `sum` in `ActiveRecord::Calculations`.
+*   Preserve user supplied joins order as much as possible.
+
+    Fixes #36761, #34328, #24281, #12953.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Loading model schema from database is now thread-safe.
+*   Allow `matches_regex` and `does_not_match_regexp` on the MySQL Arel visitor.
 
-    Fixes #28589.
+    *James Pearson*
 
-    *Vikrant Chaudhary*, *David Abdemoulaie*
+*   Allow specifying fixtures to be ignored by setting `ignore` in YAML file's '_fixture' section.
 
-*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base#cache_version` to support recyclable cache keys via the new versioned entries
-    in `ActiveSupport::Cache`. This also means that `ActiveRecord::Base#cache_key` will now return a stable key
-    that does not include a timestamp any more.
+    *Tongfei Gao*
 
-    NOTE: This feature is turned off by default, and `#cache_key` will still return cache keys with timestamps
-    until you set `ActiveRecord::Base.cache_versioning = true`. That's the setting for all new apps on Rails 5.2+
+*   Make the DATABASE_URL env variable only affect the primary connection. Add new env variables for multiple databases.
 
-    *DHH*
+    *John Crepezzi*, *Eileen Uchitelle*
 
-*   Respect `SchemaDumper.ignore_tables` in rake tasks for databases structure dump.
+*   Add a warning for enum elements with 'not_' prefix.
 
-    *Rusty Geldmacher*, *Guillermo Iguaran*
+        class Foo
+          enum status: [:sent, :not_sent]
+        end
 
-*   Add type caster to `RuntimeReflection#alias_name`.
+    *Edu Depetris*
 
-    Fixes #28959.
+*   Make currency symbols optional for money column type in PostgreSQL.
 
-    *Jon Moss*
+    *Joel Schneider*
 
-*   Deprecate `supports_statement_cache?`.
+*   Add support for beginless ranges, introduced in Ruby 2.7.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Josh Goodall*
 
-*   Raise error `UnknownMigrationVersionError` on the movement of migrations
-    when the current migration does not exist.
+*   Add `database_exists?` method to connection adapters to check if a database exists.
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+    *Guilherme Mansur*
 
-*   Fix `bin/rails db:forward` first migration.
+*   Loading the schema for a model that has no `table_name` raises a `TableNotSpecified` error.
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+    *Guilherme Mansur*, *Eugene Kenny*
 
-*   Support Descending Indexes for MySQL.
+*   PostgreSQL: Fix GROUP BY with ORDER BY virtual count attribute.
 
-    MySQL 8.0.1 and higher supports descending indexes: `DESC` in an index definition is no longer ignored.
-    See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/descending-indexes.html.
+    Fixes #36022.
 
     *Ryuta Kamizono*
 
-*   Fix inconsistency with changed attributes when overriding Active Record attribute reader.
+*   Make ActiveRecord `ConnectionPool.connections` method thread-safe.
+
+    Fixes #36465.
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
+    *Jeff Doering*
+
+*   Add support for multiple databases to `rails db:abort_if_pending_migrations`.
+
+    *Mark Lee*
+
+*   Fix sqlite3 collation parsing when using decimal columns.
+
+    *Martin R. Schuster*
+
+*   Fix invalid schema when primary key column has a comment.
+
+    Fixes #29966.
+
+    *Guilherme Goettems Schneider*
+
+*   Fix table comment also being applied to the primary key column.
+
+    *Guilherme Goettems Schneider*
 
-*   When calling the dynamic fixture accessor method with no arguments, it now returns all fixtures of this type.
-    Previously this method always returned an empty array.
+*   Allow generated `create_table` migrations to include or skip timestamps.
 
-    *Kevin McPhillips*
+    *Michael Duchemin*
 
 
-Please check [5-1-stable](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/5-1-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md) for previous changes.
+Please check [6-0-stable](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/6-0-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md) for previous changes.