activerecord 5.1.5 → 5.2.1

data/lib/active_record/enum.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/core_ext/object/deep_dup"
 
 module ActiveRecord
@@ -95,8 +97,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
   module Enum
     def self.extended(base) # :nodoc:
-      base.class_attribute(:defined_enums, instance_writer: false)
-      base.defined_enums = {}
+      base.class_attribute(:defined_enums, instance_writer: false, default: {})
     end
 
     def inherited(base) # :nodoc:
@@ -154,11 +155,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
       definitions.each do |name, values|
         # statuses = { }
         enum_values = ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess.new
-        name        = name.to_sym
+        name = name.to_s
 
         # def self.statuses() statuses end
-        detect_enum_conflict!(name, name.to_s.pluralize, true)
-        klass.singleton_class.send(:define_method, name.to_s.pluralize) { enum_values }
+        detect_enum_conflict!(name, name.pluralize, true)
+        singleton_class.send(:define_method, name.pluralize) { enum_values }
+        defined_enums[name] = enum_values
 
         detect_enum_conflict!(name, name)
         detect_enum_conflict!(name, "#{name}=")
@@ -170,7 +172,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         _enum_methods_module.module_eval do
           pairs = values.respond_to?(:each_pair) ? values.each_pair : values.each_with_index
-          pairs.each do |value, i|
+          pairs.each do |label, value|
             if enum_prefix == true
               prefix = "#{name}_"
             elsif enum_prefix
@@ -182,23 +184,23 @@ module ActiveRecord
               suffix = "_#{enum_suffix}"
             end
 
-            value_method_name = "#{prefix}#{value}#{suffix}"
-            enum_values[value] = i
+            value_method_name = "#{prefix}#{label}#{suffix}"
+            enum_values[label] = value
+            label = label.to_s
 
-            # def active?() status == 0 end
+            # def active?() status == "active" end
             klass.send(:detect_enum_conflict!, name, "#{value_method_name}?")
-            define_method("#{value_method_name}?") { self[attr] == value.to_s }
+            define_method("#{value_method_name}?") { self[attr] == label }
 
-            # def active!() update! status: :active end
+            # def active!() update!(status: 0) end
             klass.send(:detect_enum_conflict!, name, "#{value_method_name}!")
             define_method("#{value_method_name}!") { update!(attr => value) }
 
-            # scope :active, -> { where status: 0 }
+            # scope :active, -> { where(status: 0) }
             klass.send(:detect_enum_conflict!, name, value_method_name, true)
             klass.scope value_method_name, -> { where(attr => value) }
           end
         end
-        defined_enums[name.to_s] = enum_values
       end
     end
 
@@ -219,6 +221,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def detect_enum_conflict!(enum_name, method_name, klass_method = false)
         if klass_method && dangerous_class_method?(method_name)
           raise_conflict_error(enum_name, method_name, type: "class")
+        elsif klass_method && method_defined_within?(method_name, Relation)
+          raise_conflict_error(enum_name, method_name, type: "class", source: Relation.name)
         elsif !klass_method && dangerous_attribute_method?(method_name)
           raise_conflict_error(enum_name, method_name)
         elsif !klass_method && method_defined_within?(method_name, _enum_methods_module, Module)

data/lib/active_record/errors.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActiveRecord
   # = Active Record Errors
   #
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
   class WrappedDatabaseException < StatementInvalid
   end
 
-  # Raised when a record cannot be inserted because it would violate a uniqueness constraint.
+  # Raised when a record cannot be inserted or updated because it would violate a uniqueness constraint.
   class RecordNotUnique < WrappedDatabaseException
   end
 
@@ -167,7 +169,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
   class NoDatabaseError < StatementInvalid
   end
 
-  # Raised when Postgres returns 'cached plan must not change result type' and
+  # Raised when PostgreSQL returns 'cached plan must not change result type' and
   # we cannot retry gracefully (e.g. inside a transaction)
   class PreparedStatementCacheExpired < StatementInvalid
   end
@@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #
   # See the following:
   #
-  # * http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/transaction-iso.html
+  # * https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/transaction-iso.html
   # * https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/error-messages-server.html#error_er_lock_deadlock
   class TransactionRollbackError < StatementInvalid
   end
@@ -332,4 +334,41 @@ module ActiveRecord
   # +reverse_order+ to automatically reverse.
   class IrreversibleOrderError < ActiveRecordError
   end
+
+  # LockWaitTimeout will be raised when lock wait timeout exceeded.
+  class LockWaitTimeout < StatementInvalid
+  end
+
+  # StatementTimeout will be raised when statement timeout exceeded.
+  class StatementTimeout < StatementInvalid
+  end
+
+  # QueryCanceled will be raised when canceling statement due to user request.
+  class QueryCanceled < StatementInvalid
+  end
+
+  # UnknownAttributeReference is raised when an unknown and potentially unsafe
+  # value is passed to a query method when allow_unsafe_raw_sql is set to
+  # :disabled. For example, passing a non column name value to a relation's
+  # #order method might cause this exception.
+  #
+  # When working around this exception, caution should be taken to avoid SQL
+  # injection vulnerabilities when passing user-provided values to query
+  # methods. Known-safe values can be passed to query methods by wrapping them
+  # in Arel.sql.
+  #
+  # For example, with allow_unsafe_raw_sql set to :disabled, the following
+  # code would raise this exception:
+  #
+  #   Post.order("length(title)").first
+  #
+  # The desired result can be accomplished by wrapping the known-safe string
+  # in Arel.sql:
+  #
+  #   Post.order(Arel.sql("length(title)")).first
+  #
+  # Again, such a workaround should *not* be used when passing user-provided
+  # values, such as request parameters or model attributes to query methods.
+  class UnknownAttributeReference < ActiveRecordError
+  end
 end

data/lib/active_record/explain.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_record/explain_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
     # Returns a formatted string ready to be logged.
     def exec_explain(queries) # :nodoc:
       str = queries.map do |sql, binds|
-        msg = "EXPLAIN for: #{sql}"
+        msg = "EXPLAIN for: #{sql}".dup
         unless binds.empty?
           msg << " "
           msg << binds.map { |attr| render_bind(attr) }.inspect

data/lib/active_record/explain_registry.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/per_thread_registry"
 
 module ActiveRecord

data/lib/active_record/explain_subscriber.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/notifications"
 require "active_record/explain_registry"
 

data/lib/active_record/fixture_set/file.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "erb"
 require "yaml"
 

data/lib/active_record/fixtures.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "erb"
 require "yaml"
 require "zlib"
@@ -70,13 +72,32 @@ module ActiveRecord
   # test. To ensure consistent data, the environment deletes the fixtures before running the load.
   #
   # In addition to being available in the database, the fixture's data may also be accessed by
-  # using a special dynamic method, which has the same name as the model, and accepts the
-  # name of the fixture to instantiate:
+  # using a special dynamic method, which has the same name as the model.
+  #
+  # Passing in a fixture name to this dynamic method returns the fixture matching this name:
   #
-  #   test "find" do
+  #   test "find one" do
   #     assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", web_sites(:rubyonrails).name
   #   end
   #
+  # Passing in multiple fixture names returns all fixtures matching these names:
+  #
+  #   test "find all by name" do
+  #     assert_equal 2, web_sites(:rubyonrails, :google).length
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Passing in no arguments returns all fixtures:
+  #
+  #   test "find all" do
+  #     assert_equal 2, web_sites.length
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Passing in any fixture name that does not exist will raise <tt>StandardError</tt>:
+  #
+  #   test "find by name that does not exist" do
+  #     assert_raise(StandardError) { web_sites(:reddit) }
+  #   end
+  #
   # Alternatively, you may enable auto-instantiation of the fixture data. For instance, take the
   # following tests:
   #
@@ -126,7 +147,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
   # unwanted inter-test dependencies. Methods used by multiple fixtures should be defined in a module
   # that is included in ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.context_class.
   #
-  # - define a helper method in `test_helper.rb`
+  # - define a helper method in <tt>test_helper.rb</tt>
   #     module FixtureFileHelpers
   #       def file_sha(path)
   #         Digest::SHA2.hexdigest(File.read(Rails.root.join('test/fixtures', path)))
@@ -148,13 +169,13 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #     self.use_transactional_tests = true
   #
   #     test "godzilla" do
-  #       assert !Foo.all.empty?
+  #       assert_not_empty Foo.all
   #       Foo.destroy_all
-  #       assert Foo.all.empty?
+  #       assert_empty Foo.all
   #     end
   #
   #     test "godzilla aftermath" do
-  #       assert !Foo.all.empty?
+  #       assert_not_empty Foo.all
   #     end
   #   end
   #
@@ -473,8 +494,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
     end
 
-    cattr_accessor :all_loaded_fixtures
-    self.all_loaded_fixtures = {}
+    cattr_accessor :all_loaded_fixtures, default: {}
 
     class ClassCache
       def initialize(class_names, config)
@@ -520,49 +540,38 @@ module ActiveRecord
       }
 
       unless files_to_read.empty?
-        connection.disable_referential_integrity do
-          fixtures_map = {}
-
-          fixture_sets = files_to_read.map do |fs_name|
-            klass = class_names[fs_name]
-            conn = klass ? klass.connection : connection
-            fixtures_map[fs_name] = new( # ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.new
-              conn,
-              fs_name,
-              klass,
-              ::File.join(fixtures_directory, fs_name))
-          end
-
-          update_all_loaded_fixtures fixtures_map
-
-          connection.transaction(requires_new: true) do
-            deleted_tables = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = Set.new }
-            fixture_sets.each do |fs|
-              conn = fs.model_class.respond_to?(:connection) ? fs.model_class.connection : connection
-              table_rows = fs.table_rows
+        fixtures_map = {}
+
+        fixture_sets = files_to_read.map do |fs_name|
+          klass = class_names[fs_name]
+          conn = klass ? klass.connection : connection
+          fixtures_map[fs_name] = new( # ActiveRecord::FixtureSet.new
+            conn,
+            fs_name,
+            klass,
+            ::File.join(fixtures_directory, fs_name))
+        end
 
-              table_rows.each_key do |table|
-                unless deleted_tables[conn].include? table
-                  conn.delete "DELETE FROM #{conn.quote_table_name(table)}", "Fixture Delete"
-                end
-                deleted_tables[conn] << table
-              end
+        update_all_loaded_fixtures fixtures_map
+        fixture_sets_by_connection = fixture_sets.group_by { |fs| fs.model_class ? fs.model_class.connection : connection }
 
-              table_rows.each do |fixture_set_name, rows|
-                rows.each do |row|
-                  conn.insert_fixture(row, fixture_set_name)
-                end
-              end
+        fixture_sets_by_connection.each do |conn, set|
+          table_rows_for_connection = Hash.new { |h, k| h[k] = [] }
 
-              # Cap primary key sequences to max(pk).
-              if conn.respond_to?(:reset_pk_sequence!)
-                conn.reset_pk_sequence!(fs.table_name)
-              end
+          set.each do |fs|
+            fs.table_rows.each do |table, rows|
+              table_rows_for_connection[table].unshift(*rows)
             end
           end
+          conn.insert_fixtures_set(table_rows_for_connection, table_rows_for_connection.keys)
 
-          cache_fixtures(connection, fixtures_map)
+          # Cap primary key sequences to max(pk).
+          if conn.respond_to?(:reset_pk_sequence!)
+            set.each { |fs| conn.reset_pk_sequence!(fs.table_name) }
+          end
         end
+
+        cache_fixtures(connection, fixtures_map)
       end
       cached_fixtures(connection, fixture_set_names)
     end
@@ -859,20 +868,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
     included do
       class_attribute :fixture_path, instance_writer: false
-      class_attribute :fixture_table_names
-      class_attribute :fixture_class_names
-      class_attribute :use_transactional_tests
-      class_attribute :use_instantiated_fixtures # true, false, or :no_instances
-      class_attribute :pre_loaded_fixtures
-      class_attribute :config
-
-      self.fixture_table_names = []
-      self.use_instantiated_fixtures = false
-      self.pre_loaded_fixtures = false
-      self.config = ActiveRecord::Base
-
-      self.fixture_class_names = {}
-      self.use_transactional_tests = true
+      class_attribute :fixture_table_names, default: []
+      class_attribute :fixture_class_names, default: {}
+      class_attribute :use_transactional_tests, default: true
+      class_attribute :use_instantiated_fixtures, default: false # true, false, or :no_instances
+      class_attribute :pre_loaded_fixtures, default: false
+      class_attribute :config, default: ActiveRecord::Base
     end
 
     module ClassMethods
@@ -909,6 +910,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
             define_method(accessor_name) do |*fixture_names|
               force_reload = fixture_names.pop if fixture_names.last == true || fixture_names.last == :reload
+              return_single_record = fixture_names.size == 1
+              fixture_names = @loaded_fixtures[fs_name].fixtures.keys if fixture_names.empty?
 
               @fixture_cache[fs_name] ||= {}
 
@@ -923,7 +926,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
                 end
               end
 
-              instances.size == 1 ? instances.first : instances
+              return_single_record ? instances.first : instances
             end
             private accessor_name
           end
@@ -1053,6 +1056,10 @@ class ActiveRecord::FixtureSet::RenderContext # :nodoc:
       def get_binding
         binding()
       end
+
+      def binary(path)
+        %(!!binary "#{Base64.strict_encode64(File.read(path))}")
+      end
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/active_record/gem_version.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActiveRecord
   # Returns the version of the currently loaded Active Record as a <tt>Gem::Version</tt>
   def self.gem_version
@@ -6,8 +8,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
   module VERSION
     MAJOR = 5
-    MINOR = 1
-    TINY  = 5
+    MINOR = 2
+    TINY  = 1
     PRE   = nil
 
     STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY, PRE].compact.join(".")

data/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 
 module ActiveRecord
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
   # for differentiating between them or reloading the right type with find.
   #
   # Note, all the attributes for all the cases are kept in the same table. Read more:
-  # http://www.martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/singleTableInheritance.html
+  # https://www.martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/singleTableInheritance.html
   #
   module Inheritance
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
@@ -38,22 +40,20 @@ module ActiveRecord
     included do
       # Determines whether to store the full constant name including namespace when using STI.
       # This is true, by default.
-      class_attribute :store_full_sti_class, instance_writer: false
-      self.store_full_sti_class = true
+      class_attribute :store_full_sti_class, instance_writer: false, default: true
     end
 
     module ClassMethods
       # Determines if one of the attributes passed in is the inheritance column,
       # and if the inheritance column is attr accessible, it initializes an
       # instance of the given subclass instead of the base class.
-      def new(*args, &block)
+      def new(attributes = nil, &block)
         if abstract_class? || self == Base
           raise NotImplementedError, "#{self} is an abstract class and cannot be instantiated."
         end
 
-        attrs = args.first
         if has_attribute?(inheritance_column)
-          subclass = subclass_from_attributes(attrs)
+          subclass = subclass_from_attributes(attributes)
 
           if subclass.nil? && base_class == self
             subclass = subclass_from_attributes(column_defaults)
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
 
         if subclass && subclass != self
-          subclass.new(*args, &block)
+          subclass.new(attributes, &block)
         else
           super
         end
@@ -104,21 +104,47 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
       end
 
-      # Set this to true if this is an abstract class (see <tt>abstract_class?</tt>).
-      # If you are using inheritance with ActiveRecord and don't want child classes
-      # to utilize the implied STI table name of the parent class, this will need to be true.
-      # For example, given the following:
+      # Set this to +true+ if this is an abstract class (see
+      # <tt>abstract_class?</tt>).
+      # If you are using inheritance with Active Record and don't want a class
+      # to be considered as part of the STI hierarchy, you must set this to
+      # true.
+      # +ApplicationRecord+, for example, is generated as an abstract class.
+      #
+      # Consider the following default behaviour:
+      #
+      #   Shape = Class.new(ActiveRecord::Base)
+      #   Polygon = Class.new(Shape)
+      #   Square = Class.new(Polygon)
+      #
+      #   Shape.table_name   # => "shapes"
+      #   Polygon.table_name # => "shapes"
+      #   Square.table_name  # => "shapes"
+      #   Shape.create!      # => #<Shape id: 1, type: nil>
+      #   Polygon.create!    # => #<Polygon id: 2, type: "Polygon">
+      #   Square.create!     # => #<Square id: 3, type: "Square">
+      #
+      # However, when using <tt>abstract_class</tt>, +Shape+ is omitted from
+      # the hierarchy:
       #
-      #   class SuperClass < ActiveRecord::Base
+      #   class Shape < ActiveRecord::Base
       #     self.abstract_class = true
       #   end
-      #   class Child < SuperClass
-      #     self.table_name = 'the_table_i_really_want'
-      #   end
-      #
+      #   Polygon = Class.new(Shape)
+      #   Square = Class.new(Polygon)
       #
-      # <tt>self.abstract_class = true</tt> is required to make <tt>Child<.find,.create, or any Arel method></tt> use <tt>the_table_i_really_want</tt> instead of a table called <tt>super_classes</tt>
+      #   Shape.table_name   # => nil
+      #   Polygon.table_name # => "polygons"
+      #   Square.table_name  # => "polygons"
+      #   Shape.create!      # => NotImplementedError: Shape is an abstract class and cannot be instantiated.
+      #   Polygon.create!    # => #<Polygon id: 1, type: nil>
+      #   Square.create!     # => #<Square id: 2, type: "Square">
       #
+      # Note that in the above example, to disallow the creation of a plain
+      # +Polygon+, you should use <tt>validates :type, presence: true</tt>,
+      # instead of setting it as an abstract class. This way, +Polygon+ will
+      # stay in the hierarchy, and Active Record will continue to correctly
+      # derive the table name.
       attr_accessor :abstract_class
 
       # Returns whether this class is an abstract class or not.
@@ -130,6 +156,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
         store_full_sti_class ? name : name.demodulize
       end
 
+      def polymorphic_name
+        base_class.name
+      end
+
       def inherited(subclass)
         subclass.instance_variable_set(:@_type_candidates_cache, Concurrent::Map.new)
         super
@@ -217,7 +247,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         def subclass_from_attributes(attrs)
           attrs = attrs.to_h if attrs.respond_to?(:permitted?)
           if attrs.is_a?(Hash)
-            subclass_name = attrs.with_indifferent_access[inheritance_column]
+            subclass_name = attrs[inheritance_column] || attrs[inheritance_column.to_sym]
 
             if subclass_name.present?
               find_sti_class(subclass_name)
@@ -246,7 +276,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       def ensure_proper_type
         klass = self.class
         if klass.finder_needs_type_condition?
-          write_attribute(klass.inheritance_column, klass.sti_name)
+          _write_attribute(klass.inheritance_column, klass.sti_name)
         end
       end
   end

data/lib/active_record/integration.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
 
 module ActiveRecord
@@ -7,12 +9,19 @@ module ActiveRecord
     included do
       ##
       # :singleton-method:
-      # Indicates the format used to generate the timestamp in the cache key.
-      # Accepts any of the symbols in <tt>Time::DATE_FORMATS</tt>.
+      # Indicates the format used to generate the timestamp in the cache key, if
+      # versioning is off. Accepts any of the symbols in <tt>Time::DATE_FORMATS</tt>.
       #
       # This is +:usec+, by default.
-      class_attribute :cache_timestamp_format, instance_writer: false
-      self.cache_timestamp_format = :usec
+      class_attribute :cache_timestamp_format, instance_writer: false, default: :usec
+
+      ##
+      # :singleton-method:
+      # Indicates whether to use a stable #cache_key method that is accompanied
+      # by a changing version in the #cache_version method.
+      #
+      # This is +false+, by default until Rails 6.0.
+      class_attribute :cache_versioning, instance_writer: false, default: false
     end
 
     # Returns a +String+, which Action Pack uses for constructing a URL to this
@@ -42,35 +51,65 @@ module ActiveRecord
       id && id.to_s # Be sure to stringify the id for routes
     end
 
-    # Returns a cache key that can be used to identify this record.
+    # Returns a stable cache key that can be used to identify this record.
     #
     #   Product.new.cache_key     # => "products/new"
-    #   Product.find(5).cache_key # => "products/5" (updated_at not available)
-    #   Person.find(5).cache_key  # => "people/5-20071224150000" (updated_at available)
+    #   Product.find(5).cache_key # => "products/5"
     #
-    # You can also pass a list of named timestamps, and the newest in the list will be
-    # used to generate the key:
+    # If ActiveRecord::Base.cache_versioning is turned off, as it was in Rails 5.1 and earlier,
+    # the cache key will also include a version.
     #
-    #   Person.find(5).cache_key(:updated_at, :last_reviewed_at)
+    #   Product.cache_versioning = false
+    #   Person.find(5).cache_key  # => "people/5-20071224150000" (updated_at available)
     def cache_key(*timestamp_names)
       if new_record?
         "#{model_name.cache_key}/new"
       else
-        timestamp = if timestamp_names.any?
-          max_updated_column_timestamp(timestamp_names)
+        if cache_version && timestamp_names.none?
+          "#{model_name.cache_key}/#{id}"
         else
-          max_updated_column_timestamp
-        end
+          timestamp = if timestamp_names.any?
+            ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MSG.squish)
+              Specifying a timestamp name for #cache_key has been deprecated in favor of
+              the explicit #cache_version method that can be overwritten.
+            MSG
 
-        if timestamp
-          timestamp = timestamp.utc.to_s(cache_timestamp_format)
-          "#{model_name.cache_key}/#{id}-#{timestamp}"
-        else
-          "#{model_name.cache_key}/#{id}"
+            max_updated_column_timestamp(timestamp_names)
+          else
+            max_updated_column_timestamp
+          end
+
+          if timestamp
+            timestamp = timestamp.utc.to_s(cache_timestamp_format)
+            "#{model_name.cache_key}/#{id}-#{timestamp}"
+          else
+            "#{model_name.cache_key}/#{id}"
+          end
         end
       end
     end
 
+    # Returns a cache version that can be used together with the cache key to form
+    # a recyclable caching scheme. By default, the #updated_at column is used for the
+    # cache_version, but this method can be overwritten to return something else.
+    #
+    # Note, this method will return nil if ActiveRecord::Base.cache_versioning is set to
+    # +false+ (which it is by default until Rails 6.0).
+    def cache_version
+      if cache_versioning && timestamp = try(:updated_at)
+        timestamp.utc.to_s(:usec)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns a cache key along with the version.
+    def cache_key_with_version
+      if version = cache_version
+        "#{cache_key}-#{version}"
+      else
+        cache_key
+      end
+    end
+
     module ClassMethods
       # Defines your model's +to_param+ method to generate "pretty" URLs
       # using +method_name+, which can be any attribute or method that

data/lib/active_record/internal_metadata.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "active_record/scoping/default"
 require "active_record/scoping/named"