activerecord-sqlserver-adapter 2.3.7 → 3.2.18

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver_adapter.rb

@@ -1,105 +1,115 @@
+require 'base64'
+require 'arel/visitors/sqlserver'
 require 'active_record'
+require 'active_record/base'
+require 'active_support/concern'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/string'
 require 'active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter'
-require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver_adapter/core_ext/active_record'
-require 'base64'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/core_ext/active_record'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/core_ext/database_statements'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/core_ext/explain'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/core_ext/explain_subscriber'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/core_ext/relation'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/database_limits'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/database_statements'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/errors'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/schema_cache'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/schema_statements'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/showplan'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/quoting'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/utils'
 
 module ActiveRecord
-  
+
   class Base
-    
+
     def self.sqlserver_connection(config) #:nodoc:
-      config = config.dup.symbolize_keys!
-      config.reverse_merge! :mode => :odbc, :host => 'localhost', :username => 'sa', :password => ''
+      config = config.symbolize_keys
+      config.reverse_merge! :mode => :dblib
       mode = config[:mode].to_s.downcase.underscore.to_sym
       case mode
+      when :dblib
+        require 'tiny_tds'
       when :odbc
-        require_library_or_gem 'odbc' unless defined?(ODBC)
-        require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver_adapter/core_ext/odbc'
         raise ArgumentError, 'Missing :dsn configuration.' unless config.has_key?(:dsn)
-      when :adonet
-        require 'System.Data'
-        raise ArgumentError, 'Missing :database configuration.' unless config.has_key?(:database)
-      when :ado
-        raise NotImplementedError, 'Please use version 2.3.1 of the adapter for ADO connections. Future versions may support ADO.NET.'
-        raise ArgumentError, 'Missing :database configuration.' unless config.has_key?(:database)
+        require 'odbc'
+        require 'active_record/connection_adapters/sqlserver/core_ext/odbc'
       else
         raise ArgumentError, "Unknown connection mode in #{config.inspect}."
       end
-      ConnectionAdapters::SQLServerAdapter.new(logger,config.merge(:mode=>mode))
+      ConnectionAdapters::SQLServerAdapter.new(nil, logger, nil, config.merge(:mode=>mode))
     end
-    
+
     protected
-    
+
     def self.did_retry_sqlserver_connection(connection,count)
       logger.info "CONNECTION RETRY: #{connection.class.name} retry ##{count}."
     end
-    
+
     def self.did_lose_sqlserver_connection(connection)
       logger.info "CONNECTION LOST: #{connection.class.name}"
     end
-    
+
   end
-  
+
   module ConnectionAdapters
-    
+
     class SQLServerColumn < Column
-            
+
       def initialize(name, default, sql_type = nil, null = true, sqlserver_options = {})
-        @sqlserver_options = sqlserver_options
+        @sqlserver_options = sqlserver_options.symbolize_keys
         super(name, default, sql_type, null)
+        @primary = @sqlserver_options[:is_identity] || @sqlserver_options[:is_primary]
       end
-      
+
       class << self
-        
-        def string_to_utf8_encoding(value)
-          value.force_encoding('UTF-8') rescue value
-        end
-        
+
         def string_to_binary(value)
-          value = value.dup.force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY) if value.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
          "0x#{value.unpack("H*")[0]}"
         end
-        
+
         def binary_to_string(value)
-          value = value.dup.force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY) if value.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
           value =~ /[^[:xdigit:]]/ ? value : [value].pack('H*')
         end
-        
-      end
-      
-      def type_cast(value)
-        if value && type == :string && is_utf8?
-          self.class.string_to_utf8_encoding(value)
-        else
-          super
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def type_cast_code(var_name)
-        if type == :string && is_utf8?
-          "#{self.class.name}.string_to_utf8_encoding(#{var_name})"
-        else
-          super
-        end
+
       end
-      
+
       def is_identity?
         @sqlserver_options[:is_identity]
       end
-      
-      def is_special?
-        # TODO: Not sure if these should be added: varbinary(max), nchar, nvarchar(max)
-        sql_type =~ /^text|ntext|image$/
+
+      def is_primary?
+        @sqlserver_options[:is_primary]
       end
-      
+
       def is_utf8?
-        sql_type =~ /nvarchar|ntext|nchar/i
+        !!(@sql_type =~ /nvarchar|ntext|nchar/i)
       end
-      
+
+      def is_integer?
+        !!(@sql_type =~ /int/i)
+      end
+
+      def is_real?
+        !!(@sql_type =~ /real/i)
+      end
+
+      def sql_type_for_statement
+        if is_integer? || is_real?
+          sql_type.sub(/\((\d+)?\)/,'')
+        else
+          sql_type
+        end
+      end
+
+      def default_function
+        @sqlserver_options[:default_function]
+      end
+
       def table_name
         @sqlserver_options[:table_name]
       end
-      
+
       def table_klass
         @table_klass ||= begin
           table_name.classify.constantize
@@ -108,14 +118,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
         (@table_klass && @table_klass < ActiveRecord::Base) ? @table_klass : nil
       end
-      
+
       def database_year
         @sqlserver_options[:database_year]
       end
-      
-      
+
+
       private
-      
+
       def extract_limit(sql_type)
         case sql_type
         when /^smallint/i
@@ -130,7 +140,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
           super
         end
       end
-      
+
       def simplified_type(field_type)
         case field_type
           when /real/i              then :float
@@ -140,10 +150,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
           when /uniqueidentifier/i  then :string
           when /datetime/i          then simplified_datetime
           when /varchar\(max\)/     then :text
+          when /timestamp/          then :binary
           else super
         end
       end
-      
+
       def simplified_datetime
         if database_year >= 2008
           :datetime
@@ -155,198 +166,119 @@ module ActiveRecord
           :datetime
         end
       end
-      
-    end #SQLServerColumn
-    
-    # In ODBC mode, the adapter requires Ruby ODBC and requires that you specify 
-    # a :dsn option. Ruby ODBC is available at http://www.ch-werner.de/rubyodbc/
-    #
-    # Options:
-    #
-    # * <tt>:username</tt>      -- Defaults to sa.
-    # * <tt>:password</tt>      -- Defaults to blank string.
-    # * <tt>:dsn</tt>           -- An ODBC DSN. (required)
-    # 
+
+    end #class SQLServerColumn
+
     class SQLServerAdapter < AbstractAdapter
-      
+
+      include Sqlserver::Quoting
+      include Sqlserver::DatabaseStatements
+      include Sqlserver::Showplan
+      include Sqlserver::SchemaStatements
+      include Sqlserver::DatabaseLimits
+      include Sqlserver::Errors
+
+      VERSION                     = File.read(File.expand_path("../../../../VERSION",__FILE__)).strip
       ADAPTER_NAME                = 'SQLServer'.freeze
-      VERSION                     = '2.3.7'.freeze
-      DATABASE_VERSION_REGEXP     = /Microsoft SQL Server\s+(\d{4})/
-      SUPPORTED_VERSIONS          = [2000,2005,2008].freeze
-      LIMITABLE_TYPES             = ['string','integer','float','char','nchar','varchar','nvarchar'].freeze
-      LOST_CONNECTION_EXCEPTIONS  = {
-        :odbc   => ['ODBC::Error'],
-        :adonet => ['TypeError','System::Data::SqlClient::SqlException']
-      }
-      LOST_CONNECTION_MESSAGES    = {
-        :odbc   => [/link failure/, /server failed/, /connection was already closed/, /invalid handle/i],
-        :adonet => [/current state is closed/, /network-related/]
-      }
-      
+      DATABASE_VERSION_REGEXP     = /Microsoft SQL Server\s+"?(\d{4}|\w+)"?/
+      SUPPORTED_VERSIONS          = [2005,2008,2010,2011,2012,2014,2016,2017]
+
+      attr_reader :database_version, :database_year, :spid, :product_level, :product_version, :edition
+
       cattr_accessor :native_text_database_type, :native_binary_database_type, :native_string_database_type,
-                     :log_info_schema_queries, :enable_default_unicode_types, :auto_connect
-      
-      class << self
-        
-        def type_limitable?(type)
-          LIMITABLE_TYPES.include?(type.to_s)
-        end
-        
-      end
-      
-      def initialize(logger,config)
+                     :enable_default_unicode_types, :auto_connect, :retry_deadlock_victim,
+                     :cs_equality_operator, :lowercase_schema_reflection, :auto_connect_duration,
+                     :showplan_option
+
+      self.enable_default_unicode_types = true
+
+
+      def initialize(connection, logger, pool, config)
+        super(connection, logger, pool)
+        # AbstractAdapter Responsibility
+        @schema_cache = Sqlserver::SchemaCache.new self
+        @visitor = Arel::Visitors::SQLServer.new self
+        # Our Responsibility
+        @config = config
         @connection_options = config
         connect
-        super(raw_connection, logger)
-        initialize_sqlserver_caches
+        @database_version = select_value 'SELECT @@version', 'SCHEMA'
+        @database_year = begin
+                           if @database_version =~ /Azure/i
+                             @sqlserver_azure = true
+                             @database_version.match(/\s-\s([0-9.]+)/)[1]
+                             year = 2016
+                           elsif @database_version =~ /vNext/i
+                             year = 2016
+                           else
+                             year = DATABASE_VERSION_REGEXP.match(@database_version)[1]
+                             year == "Denali" ? 2011 : year.to_i
+                           end
+                         rescue
+                           0
+                         end
+        @product_level    = select_value "SELECT CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('productlevel') AS VARCHAR(128))", 'SCHEMA'
+        @product_version  = select_value "SELECT CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('productversion') AS VARCHAR(128))", 'SCHEMA'
+        @edition          = select_value "SELECT CAST(SERVERPROPERTY('edition') AS VARCHAR(128))", 'SCHEMA'
+        initialize_dateformatter
         use_database
-        unless SUPPORTED_VERSIONS.include?(database_year)
-          raise NotImplementedError, "Currently, only #{SUPPORTED_VERSIONS.to_sentence} are supported."
+        unless (@sqlserver_azure == true || SUPPORTED_VERSIONS.include?(@database_year))
+          raise NotImplementedError, "Currently, only #{SUPPORTED_VERSIONS.to_sentence} are supported. We got back #{@database_version}."
         end
       end
-      
-      # ABSTRACT ADAPTER =========================================#
-      
+
+      # === Abstract Adapter ========================================== #
+
       def adapter_name
         ADAPTER_NAME
       end
-      
+
       def supports_migrations?
         true
       end
-      
-      def supports_ddl_transactions?
+
+      def supports_primary_key?
         true
       end
-      
-      def supports_savepoints?
+
+      def supports_count_distinct?
         true
       end
-      
-      def database_version
-        @database_version ||= info_schema_query { select_value('SELECT @@version') }
-      end
-      
-      def database_year
-        DATABASE_VERSION_REGEXP.match(database_version)[1].to_i
-      end
-      
-      def sqlserver?
+
+      def supports_ddl_transactions?
         true
       end
-      
-      def sqlserver_2000?
-        database_year == 2000
-      end
-      
-      def sqlserver_2005?
-        database_year == 2005
-      end
-      
-      def sqlserver_2008?
-        database_year == 2008
-      end
-      
-      def version
-        self.class::VERSION
-      end
-      
-      def inspect
-        "#<#{self.class} version: #{version}, year: #{database_year}, connection_options: #{@connection_options.inspect}>"
-      end
-      
-      def auto_connect
-        @@auto_connect.is_a?(FalseClass) ? false : true
-      end
-      
-      def native_string_database_type
-        @@native_string_database_type || (enable_default_unicode_types ? 'nvarchar' : 'varchar') 
-      end
-      
-      def native_text_database_type
-        @@native_text_database_type || 
-        if sqlserver_2005? || sqlserver_2008?
-          enable_default_unicode_types ? 'nvarchar(max)' : 'varchar(max)'
-        else
-          enable_default_unicode_types ? 'ntext' : 'text'
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def native_time_database_type
-        sqlserver_2008? ? 'time' : 'datetime'
-      end
-      
-      def native_date_database_type
-        sqlserver_2008? ? 'date' : 'datetime'
-      end
-      
-      def native_binary_database_type
-        @@native_binary_database_type || ((sqlserver_2005? || sqlserver_2008?) ? 'varbinary(max)' : 'image')
-      end
-      
-      
-      # QUOTING ==================================================#
-      
-      def quote(value, column = nil)
-        case value
-        when String, ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars
-          if column && column.type == :binary
-            column.class.string_to_binary(value)
-          elsif column && column.respond_to?(:is_utf8?) && column.is_utf8?
-            quoted_utf8_value(value)
-          else
-            super
-          end
-        else
-          super
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def quote_string(string)
-        string.to_s.gsub(/\'/, "''")
-      end
-      
-      def quote_column_name(column_name)
-        column_name.to_s.split('.').map{ |name| name =~ /^\[.*\]$/ ? name : "[#{name}]" }.join('.')
-      end
-      
-      def quote_table_name(table_name)
-        return table_name if table_name =~ /^\[.*\]$/
-        quote_column_name(table_name)
-      end
-      
-      def quoted_true
-        '1'
+
+      def supports_bulk_alter?
+        false
       end
 
-      def quoted_false
-        '0'
+      def supports_savepoints?
+        true
       end
-      
-      def quoted_date(value)
-        if value.acts_like?(:time) && value.respond_to?(:usec)
-          "#{super}.#{sprintf("%03d",value.usec/1000)}"
-        else
-          super
-        end
+
+      def supports_index_sort_order?
+        true
       end
-      
-      def quoted_utf8_value(value)
-        "N'#{quote_string(value)}'"
+
+      def supports_explain?
+        true
       end
-      
-      # REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY ====================================#
-      
+
       def disable_referential_integrity
         do_execute "EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'"
         yield
       ensure
         do_execute "EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'"
       end
-      
-      # CONNECTION MANAGEMENT ====================================#
-      
+
+      # === Abstract Adapter (Connection Management) ================== #
+
       def active?
+        case @connection_options[:mode]
+        when :dblib
+          return @connection.active?
+        end
         raw_connection_do("SELECT 1")
         true
       rescue *lost_connection_exceptions
@@ -360,500 +292,244 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def disconnect!
-        case connection_mode
+        @spid = nil
+        case @connection_options[:mode]
+        when :dblib
+          @connection.close rescue nil
         when :odbc
-          raw_connection.disconnect rescue nil
-        else :adonet
-          raw_connection.close rescue nil
-        end
-      end
-      
-      # DATABASE STATEMENTS ======================================#
-      
-      def user_options
-        info_schema_query do
-          select_rows("dbcc useroptions").inject(HashWithIndifferentAccess.new) do |values,row| 
-            set_option = row[0].gsub(/\s+/,'_')
-            user_value = row[1]
-            values[set_option] = user_value
-            values
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      
-      VALID_ISOLATION_LEVELS = ["READ COMMITTED", "READ UNCOMMITTED", "REPEATABLE READ", "SERIALIZABLE", "SNAPSHOT"]
-      
-      def run_with_isolation_level(isolation_level)
-        raise ArgumentError, "Invalid isolation level, #{isolation_level}. Supported levels include #{VALID_ISOLATION_LEVELS.to_sentence}." if !VALID_ISOLATION_LEVELS.include?(isolation_level.upcase)
-        initial_isolation_level = user_options[:isolation_level] || "READ COMMITTED"
-        do_execute "SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL #{isolation_level}"
-        begin
-          yield 
-        ensure
-          do_execute "SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL #{initial_isolation_level}"
-        end if block_given?
-      end
-      
-      def select_rows(sql, name = nil)
-        raw_select(sql,name).first.last
-      end
-      
-      def execute(sql, name = nil, skip_logging = false)
-        if table_name = query_requires_identity_insert?(sql)
-          with_identity_insert_enabled(table_name) { do_execute(sql,name) }
-        else
-          do_execute(sql,name)
+          @connection.disconnect rescue nil
         end
       end
-      
-      def execute_procedure(proc_name, *variables)
-        vars = variables.map{ |v| quote(v) }.join(', ')
-        sql = "EXEC #{proc_name} #{vars}".strip
-        select(sql,'Execute Procedure',true).inject([]) do |results,row|
-          if row.kind_of?(Array)
-            results << row.inject([]) { |rs,r| rs << r.with_indifferent_access }
-          else
-            results << row.with_indifferent_access
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def use_database(database=nil)
-        database ||= @connection_options[:database]
-        do_execute "USE #{database}" unless database.blank?
-      end
-      
-      def outside_transaction?
-        info_schema_query { select_value("SELECT @@TRANCOUNT") == 0 }
-      end
-      
-      def begin_db_transaction
-        do_execute "BEGIN TRANSACTION"
-      end
 
-      def commit_db_transaction
-        do_execute "COMMIT TRANSACTION"
+      def reset!
+        remove_database_connections_and_rollback { }
       end
 
-      def rollback_db_transaction
-        do_execute "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION" rescue nil
-      end
-      
-      def create_savepoint
-        do_execute "SAVE TRANSACTION #{current_savepoint_name}"
-      end
+      # === Abstract Adapter (Misc Support) =========================== #
 
-      def release_savepoint
-      end
-      
-      def rollback_to_savepoint
-        do_execute "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION #{current_savepoint_name}"
-      end
-      
-      def add_limit_offset!(sql, options)
-        # Validate and/or convert integers for :limit and :offets options.
-        if options[:offset]
-          raise ArgumentError, "offset should have a limit" unless options[:limit]
-          unless options[:offset].kind_of?(Integer)
-            if options[:offset] =~ /^\d+$/
-              options[:offset] = options[:offset].to_i
-            else
-              raise ArgumentError, "offset should be an integer"
-            end
-          end
-        end
-        if options[:limit] && !(options[:limit].kind_of?(Integer))
-          if options[:limit] =~ /^\d+$/
-            options[:limit] = options[:limit].to_i
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError, "limit should be an integer"
-          end
-        end
-        # The business of adding limit/offset
-        if options[:limit] and options[:offset]
-          tally_sql = "SELECT count(*) as TotalRows from (#{sql.sub(/\bSELECT(\s+DISTINCT)?\b/i, "SELECT#{$1} TOP 1000000000")}) tally"
-          add_lock! tally_sql, options
-          total_rows = select_value(tally_sql).to_i
-          if (options[:limit] + options[:offset]) >= total_rows
-            options[:limit] = (total_rows - options[:offset] >= 0) ? (total_rows - options[:offset]) : 0
-          end
-          # Make sure we do not need a special limit/offset for association limiting. http://gist.github.com/25118
-          add_limit_offset_for_association_limiting!(sql,options) and return if sql_for_association_limiting?(sql)
-          # Wrap the SQL query in a bunch of outer SQL queries that emulate proper LIMIT,OFFSET support.
-          sql.sub!(/^\s*SELECT(\s+DISTINCT)?/i, "SELECT * FROM (SELECT TOP #{options[:limit]} * FROM (SELECT#{$1} TOP #{options[:limit] + options[:offset]}")
-          sql << ") AS tmp1"
-          if options[:order]
-            order = options[:order].split(',').map do |field|
-              order_by_column, order_direction = field.split(" ")
-              order_by_column = quote_column_name(order_by_column)
-              # Investigate the SQL query to figure out if the order_by_column has been renamed.
-              if sql =~ /#{Regexp.escape(order_by_column)} AS (t\d+_r\d+)/
-                # Fx "[foo].[bar] AS t4_r2" was found in the SQL. Use the column alias (ie 't4_r2') for the subsequent orderings
-                order_by_column = $1
-              elsif order_by_column =~ /\w+\.\[?(\w+)\]?/
-                order_by_column = $1
-              else
-                # It doesn't appear that the column name has been renamed as part of the query. Use just the column
-                # name rather than the full identifier for the outer queries.
-                order_by_column = order_by_column.split('.').last
-              end
-              # Put the column name and eventual direction back together
-              [order_by_column, order_direction].join(' ').strip
-            end.join(', ')
-            sql << " ORDER BY #{change_order_direction(order)}) AS tmp2 ORDER BY #{order}"
-          else
-            sql << ") AS tmp2"
-          end
-        elsif options[:limit] && sql !~ /^\s*SELECT (@@|COUNT\()/i
-          if md = sql.match(/^(\s*SELECT)(\s+DISTINCT)?(.*)/im)
-            sql.replace "#{md[1]}#{md[2]} TOP #{options[:limit]}#{md[3]}"
-          else
-            # Account for building SQL fragments without SELECT yet. See #update_all and #limited_update_conditions.
-            sql.replace "TOP #{options[:limit]} #{sql}"
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def add_lock!(sql, options)
-        # http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2007/04/27/sql-server-2005-locking-hints-and-examples/
-        return unless options[:lock]
-        lock_type = options[:lock] == true ? 'WITH(HOLDLOCK, ROWLOCK)' : options[:lock]
-        sql.gsub! %r|LEFT OUTER JOIN\s+(.*?)\s+ON|im, "LEFT OUTER JOIN \\1 #{lock_type} ON"
-        sql.gsub! %r{FROM\s([\w\[\]\.]+)}im, "FROM \\1 #{lock_type}"
-      end
-      
-      def empty_insert_statement(table_name)
-        "INSERT INTO #{quote_table_name(table_name)} DEFAULT VALUES"
-      end
-      
-      def case_sensitive_equality_operator
-        "COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS ="
-      end
-      
-      def limited_update_conditions(where_sql, quoted_table_name, quoted_primary_key)
-        match_data = where_sql.match(/^(.*?[\]\) ])WHERE[\[\( ]/)
-        limit = match_data[1]
-        where_sql.sub!(limit,'')
-        "WHERE #{quoted_primary_key} IN (SELECT #{limit} #{quoted_primary_key} FROM #{quoted_table_name} #{where_sql})"
+      def pk_and_sequence_for(table_name)
+        idcol = identity_column(table_name)
+        idcol ? [idcol.name,nil] : nil
       end
-      
-      # SCHEMA STATEMENTS ========================================#
-      
-      def native_database_types
-        {
-          :primary_key  => "int NOT NULL IDENTITY(1, 1) PRIMARY KEY",
-          :string       => { :name => native_string_database_type, :limit => 255  },
-          :text         => { :name => native_text_database_type },
-          :integer      => { :name => "int", :limit => 4 },
-          :float        => { :name => "float", :limit => 8 },
-          :decimal      => { :name => "decimal" },
-          :datetime     => { :name => "datetime" },
-          :timestamp    => { :name => "datetime" },
-          :time         => { :name => native_time_database_type },
-          :date         => { :name => native_date_database_type },
-          :binary       => { :name => native_binary_database_type },
-          :boolean      => { :name => "bit"},
-          # These are custom types that may move somewhere else for good schema_dumper.rb hacking to output them.
-          :char         => { :name => 'char' },
-          :varchar_max  => { :name => 'varchar(max)' },
-          :nchar        => { :name => "nchar" },
-          :nvarchar     => { :name => "nvarchar", :limit => 255 },
-          :nvarchar_max => { :name => "nvarchar(max)" },
-          :ntext        => { :name => "ntext" }
-        }
+
+      def primary_key(table_name)
+        identity_column(table_name).try(:name) || schema_cache.columns[table_name].detect(&:is_primary?).try(:name)
       end
-      
-      def table_alias_length
-        128
+
+      # === SQLServer Specific (DB Reflection) ======================== #
+
+      def sqlserver?
+        true
       end
-      
-      def tables(name = nil)
-        info_schema_query do
-          select_values "SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE' AND TABLE_NAME <> 'dtproperties'"
-        end
+
+      def sqlserver_2005?
+        @database_year == 2005
       end
-      
-      def views(name = nil)
-        @sqlserver_views_cache ||= 
-          info_schema_query { select_values("SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS WHERE TABLE_NAME NOT IN ('sysconstraints','syssegments')") }
+
+      def sqlserver_2008?
+        @database_year == 2008
       end
-      
-      def view_information(table_name)
-        table_name = unqualify_table_name(table_name)
-        @sqlserver_view_information_cache[table_name] ||= begin
-          view_info = info_schema_query { select_one("SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS WHERE TABLE_NAME = '#{table_name}'") }
-          if view_info
-            if view_info['VIEW_DEFINITION'].blank? || view_info['VIEW_DEFINITION'].length == 4000
-              view_info['VIEW_DEFINITION'] = info_schema_query { select_values("EXEC sp_helptext #{table_name}").join }
-            end
-          end
-          view_info
-        end
+
+      def sqlserver_2011?
+        @database_year == 2011
       end
-      
-      def view_table_name(table_name)
-        view_info = view_information(table_name)
-        view_info ? get_table_name(view_info['VIEW_DEFINITION']) : table_name
+
+      def sqlserver_2012?
+        @database_year == 2012
       end
-      
-      def table_exists?(table_name)
-        super || tables.include?(unqualify_table_name(table_name)) || views.include?(table_name.to_s)
+
+      def sqlserver_azure?
+        @sqlserver_azure
       end
-      
-      def indexes(table_name, name = nil)
-        unquoted_table_name = unqualify_table_name(table_name)
-        select("EXEC sp_helpindex #{quote_table_name(unquoted_table_name)}",name).inject([]) do |indexes,index|
-          if index['index_description'] =~ /primary key/
-            indexes
-          else
-            name    = index['index_name']
-            unique  = index['index_description'] =~ /unique/
-            columns = index['index_keys'].split(',').map do |column|
-              column.strip!
-              column.gsub! '(-)', '' if column.ends_with?('(-)')
-              column
-            end
-            indexes << IndexDefinition.new(table_name, name, unique, columns)
-          end
-        end
+
+      def version
+        self.class::VERSION
       end
-      
-      def columns(table_name, name = nil)
-        return [] if table_name.blank?
-        cache_key = unqualify_table_name(table_name)
-        @sqlserver_columns_cache[cache_key] ||= column_definitions(table_name).collect do |ci|
-          sqlserver_options = ci.except(:name,:default_value,:type,:null).merge(:database_year=>database_year)
-          SQLServerColumn.new ci[:name], ci[:default_value], ci[:type], ci[:null], sqlserver_options
-        end
+
+      def inspect
+        "#<#{self.class} version: #{version}, year: #{@database_year}, product_level: #{@product_level.inspect}, product_version: #{@product_version.inspect}, edition: #{@edition.inspect}, connection_options: #{@connection_options.inspect}>"
       end
-      
-      def create_table(table_name, options = {})
-        super
-        remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
+
+      def auto_connect
+        @@auto_connect.is_a?(FalseClass) ? false : true
       end
-      
-      def rename_table(table_name, new_name)
-        do_execute "EXEC sp_rename '#{table_name}', '#{new_name}'"
+
+      def auto_connect_duration
+        @@auto_connect_duration ||= 10
       end
-      
-      def drop_table(table_name, options = {})
-        super
-        remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
+
+      def retry_deadlock_victim
+        @@retry_deadlock_victim.is_a?(FalseClass) ? false : true
       end
-      
-      def add_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
-        super
-        remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
+      alias :retry_deadlock_victim? :retry_deadlock_victim
+
+      def native_string_database_type
+        @@native_string_database_type || (enable_default_unicode_types ? 'nvarchar' : 'varchar')
       end
-      
-      def remove_column(table_name, *column_names)
-        column_names.flatten.each do |column_name|
-          remove_check_constraints(table_name, column_name)
-          remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
-          remove_indexes(table_name, column_name)
-          do_execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} DROP COLUMN #{quote_column_name(column_name)}"
-        end
-        remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
+
+      def native_text_database_type
+        @@native_text_database_type || enable_default_unicode_types ? 'nvarchar(max)' : 'varchar(max)'
       end
-      
-      def change_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
-        sql_commands = []
-        column_object = columns(table_name).detect { |c| c.name.to_s == column_name.to_s }
-        change_column_sql = "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} ALTER COLUMN #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{type_to_sql(type, options[:limit], options[:precision], options[:scale])}"
-        change_column_sql << " NOT NULL" if options[:null] == false
-        sql_commands << change_column_sql
-        if options_include_default?(options) || (column_object && column_object.type != type.to_sym)
-         	remove_default_constraint(table_name,column_name)
-        end
-        if options_include_default?(options)
-          remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
-          sql_commands << "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} ADD CONSTRAINT #{default_name(table_name,column_name)} DEFAULT #{quote(options[:default])} FOR #{quote_column_name(column_name)}"
-        end
-        sql_commands.each { |c| do_execute(c) }
-        remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
+
+      def native_time_database_type
+        sqlserver_2005? ? 'datetime' : 'time'
       end
-      
-      def change_column_default(table_name, column_name, default)
-        remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
-        do_execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} ADD CONSTRAINT #{default_name(table_name, column_name)} DEFAULT #{quote(default)} FOR #{quote_column_name(column_name)}"
-        remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
+
+      def native_date_database_type
+        sqlserver_2005? ? 'datetime' : 'date'
       end
-      
-      def rename_column(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
-        column_for(table_name,column_name)
-        do_execute "EXEC sp_rename '#{table_name}.#{column_name}', '#{new_column_name}', 'COLUMN'"
-        remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
+
+      def native_binary_database_type
+        @@native_binary_database_type || 'varbinary(max)'
       end
-      
-      def remove_index(table_name, options = {})
-        do_execute "DROP INDEX #{table_name}.#{quote_column_name(index_name(table_name, options))}" rescue nil
+
+      def cs_equality_operator
+        @@cs_equality_operator || 'COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS_WS'
       end
-      
-      def type_to_sql(type, limit = nil, precision = nil, scale = nil)
-        limit = nil unless self.class.type_limitable?(type)
-        case type.to_s
-        when 'integer'
-          case limit
-            when 1..2       then  'smallint'
-            when 3..4, nil  then  'integer'
-            when 5..8       then  'bigint'
-            else raise(ActiveRecordError, "No integer type has byte size #{limit}. Use a numeric with precision 0 instead.")
-          end
+
+      protected
+
+      # === Abstract Adapter (Misc Support) =========================== #
+
+      def translate_exception(e, message)
+        case message
+        when /(cannot insert duplicate key .* with unique index) | (violation of unique key constraint)/i
+          RecordNotUnique.new(message,e)
+        when /conflicted with the foreign key constraint/i
+          InvalidForeignKey.new(message,e)
+        when /has been chosen as the deadlock victim/i
+          DeadlockVictim.new(message,e)
+        when *lost_connection_messages
+          LostConnection.new(message,e)
         else
           super
         end
       end
-      
-      def add_order_by_for_association_limiting!(sql, options)
-        # Disertation http://gist.github.com/24073
-        # Information http://weblogs.sqlteam.com/jeffs/archive/2007/12/13/select-distinct-order-by-error.aspx
-        return sql if options[:order].blank?
-        columns = sql.match(/SELECT\s+DISTINCT(.*?)FROM/)[1].strip
-        sql.sub!(/SELECT\s+DISTINCT/,'SELECT')
-        sql << "GROUP BY #{columns} ORDER BY #{order_to_min_set(options[:order])}"
-      end
-      
-      def change_column_null(table_name, column_name, null, default = nil)
-        column = column_for(table_name,column_name)
-        unless null || default.nil?
-          do_execute("UPDATE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} SET #{quote_column_name(column_name)}=#{quote(default)} WHERE #{quote_column_name(column_name)} IS NULL")
-        end
-        sql = "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} ALTER COLUMN #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{type_to_sql column.type, column.limit, column.precision, column.scale}"
-        sql << " NOT NULL" unless null
-        do_execute sql
-      end
-      
-      def pk_and_sequence_for(table_name)
-        idcol = identity_column(table_name)
-        idcol ? [idcol.name,nil] : nil
-      end
-      
-      # RAKE UTILITY METHODS =====================================#
-      
-      def recreate_database
-        remove_database_connections_and_rollback do
-          do_execute "EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'DROP TABLE ?'"
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def recreate_database!(database=nil)
-        current_db = current_database
-        database ||= current_db
-        this_db = database.to_s == current_db
-        do_execute 'USE master' if this_db
-        drop_database(database)
-        create_database(database)
-      ensure
-        use_database(current_db) if this_db
-      end
-      
-      # Remove existing connections and rollback any transactions if we received the message
-      # 'Cannot drop the database 'test' because it is currently in use'
-      def drop_database(database)
-        retry_count = 0
-        max_retries = 1
-        begin
-          do_execute "DROP DATABASE #{database}"
-        rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid => err
-          if err.message =~ /because it is currently in use/i
-            raise if retry_count >= max_retries
-            retry_count += 1
-            remove_database_connections_and_rollback(database)
-            retry
-          else
-            raise
-          end
-        end
-      end
 
-      def create_database(database)
-        do_execute "CREATE DATABASE #{database}"
-      end
-      
-      def current_database
-        select_value 'SELECT DB_NAME()'
-      end
-      
-      def charset
-        select_value "SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('SqlCharSetName')"
-      end
-      
-      # This should disconnect all other users and rollback any transactions for SQL 2000 and 2005
-      # http://sqlserver2000.databases.aspfaq.com/how-do-i-drop-a-sql-server-database.html
-      def remove_database_connections_and_rollback(database=nil)
-        database ||= current_database
-        do_execute "ALTER DATABASE #{database} SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE"
-        begin
-          yield
-        ensure
-          do_execute "ALTER DATABASE #{database} SET MULTI_USER"
-        end if block_given?
-      end
-      
-      
-      
-      protected
-      
-      # CONNECTION MANAGEMENT ====================================#
-      
+      # === SQLServer Specific (Connection Management) ================ #
+
       def connect
         config = @connection_options
-        @connection = case connection_mode
+        @connection = case config[:mode]
+                      when :dblib
+                        appname = config[:appname] || configure_application_name || Rails.application.class.name.split('::').first rescue nil
+                        login_timeout = config[:login_timeout].present? ? config[:login_timeout].to_i : nil
+                        timeout = config[:timeout].present? ? config[:timeout].to_i/1000 : nil
+                        encoding = config[:encoding].present? ? config[:encoding] : nil
+                        TinyTds::Client.new({
+                          :dataserver    => config[:dataserver],
+                          :host          => config[:host],
+                          :port          => config[:port],
+                          :username      => config[:username],
+                          :password      => config[:password],
+                          :database      => config[:database],
+                          :tds_version   => config[:tds_version],
+                          :appname       => appname,
+                          :login_timeout => login_timeout,
+                          :timeout       => timeout,
+                          :encoding      => encoding,
+                          :azure         => config[:azure]
+                        }).tap do |client|
+                          if config[:azure]
+                            client.execute("SET ANSI_NULLS ON").do
+                            client.execute("SET CURSOR_CLOSE_ON_COMMIT OFF").do
+                            client.execute("SET ANSI_NULL_DFLT_ON ON").do
+                            client.execute("SET IMPLICIT_TRANSACTIONS OFF").do
+                            client.execute("SET ANSI_PADDING ON").do
+                            client.execute("SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON")
+                            client.execute("SET ANSI_WARNINGS ON").do
+                          else
+                            client.execute("SET ANSI_DEFAULTS ON").do
+                            client.execute("SET CURSOR_CLOSE_ON_COMMIT OFF").do
+                            client.execute("SET IMPLICIT_TRANSACTIONS OFF").do
+                          end
+                          client.execute("SET TEXTSIZE 2147483647").do
+                          client.execute("SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL ON").do
+                        end
                       when :odbc
-                        ODBC.connect config[:dsn], config[:username], config[:password]
-                      when :adonet
-                        System::Data::SqlClient::SqlConnection.new.tap do |connection|
-                          connection.connection_string = System::Data::SqlClient::SqlConnectionStringBuilder.new.tap do |cs|
-                            if config[:integrated_security]
-                              cs.integrated_security = true
-                            else
-                              cs.user_i_d = config[:username]
-                              cs.password = config[:password]
-                            end
-                            cs.add 'Server', config[:host].to_clr_string
-                            cs.initial_catalog = config[:database]
-                            cs.multiple_active_result_sets = false
-                            cs.pooling = false
-                          end.to_s
-                          connection.open
+                        if config[:dsn].include?(';')
+                          driver = ODBC::Driver.new.tap do |d|
+                            d.name = config[:dsn_name] || 'Driver1'
+                            d.attrs = config[:dsn].split(';').map{ |atr| atr.split('=') }.reject{ |kv| kv.size != 2 }.inject({}){ |h,kv| k,v = kv ; h[k] = v ; h }
+                          end
+                          ODBC::Database.new.drvconnect(driver)
+                        else
+                          ODBC.connect config[:dsn], config[:username], config[:password]
+                        end.tap do |c|
+                          begin
+                            c.use_time = true
+                            c.use_utc = ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone == :utc
+                          rescue Exception => e
+                            warn "Ruby ODBC v0.99992 or higher is required."
+                          end
                         end
                       end
+        @spid = _raw_select("SELECT @@SPID", :fetch => :rows).first.first
+        configure_connection
       rescue
         raise unless @auto_connecting
       end
-      
-      def connection_mode
-        @connection_options[:mode]
+
+      # Override this method so every connection can be configured to your needs.
+      # For example:
+      #    raw_connection_do "SET TEXTSIZE #{64.megabytes}"
+      #    raw_connection_do "SET CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL ON"
+      def configure_connection
+      end
+
+      # Override this method so every connection can have a unique name. Max 30 characters. Used by TinyTDS only.
+      # For example:
+      #    "myapp_#{$$}_#{Thread.current.object_id}".to(29)
+      def configure_application_name
       end
-      
-      def lost_connection_exceptions
-        exceptions = LOST_CONNECTION_EXCEPTIONS[connection_mode]
-        @lost_connection_exceptions ||= exceptions ? exceptions.map(&:constantize) : []
+
+      def initialize_dateformatter
+        @database_dateformat = user_options_dateformat
+        a, b, c = @database_dateformat.each_char.to_a
+        [a,b,c].each { |f| f.upcase! if f == 'y' }
+        dateformat = "%#{a}-%#{b}-%#{c}"
+        ::Date::DATE_FORMATS[:_sqlserver_dateformat] = dateformat
+        ::Time::DATE_FORMATS[:_sqlserver_dateformat] = dateformat
       end
-      
-      def lost_connection_messages
-        LOST_CONNECTION_MESSAGES[connection_mode]
+
+      def remove_database_connections_and_rollback(database=nil)
+        database ||= current_database
+        do_execute "ALTER DATABASE #{quote_table_name(database)} SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE"
+        begin
+          yield
+        ensure
+          do_execute "ALTER DATABASE #{quote_table_name(database)} SET MULTI_USER"
+        end if block_given?
       end
-      
-      def with_auto_reconnect
+
+      def with_sqlserver_error_handling
         begin
           yield
-        rescue *lost_connection_exceptions => e
-          if lost_connection_messages.any? { |lcm| e.message =~ lcm }
-            retry if auto_reconnected?
+        rescue Exception => e
+          case translate_exception(e,e.message)
+            when LostConnection; retry if auto_reconnected?
+            when DeadlockVictim; retry if retry_deadlock_victim? && open_transactions == 0
           end
           raise
         end
       end
-      
+
+      def disable_auto_reconnect
+        old_auto_connect, self.class.auto_connect = self.class.auto_connect, false
+        yield
+      ensure
+        self.class.auto_connect = old_auto_connect
+      end
+
       def auto_reconnected?
         return false unless auto_connect
         @auto_connecting = true
         count = 0
-        while count <= 5
-          sleep 2** count
+        while count <= (auto_connect_duration / 2)
+          result = reconnect!
           ActiveRecord::Base.did_retry_sqlserver_connection(self,count)
-          return true if reconnect!
+          return true if result
+          sleep 2** count
           count += 1
         end
         ActiveRecord::Base.did_lose_sqlserver_connection(self)
@@ -861,397 +537,10 @@ module ActiveRecord
       ensure
         @auto_connecting = false
       end
-      
-      def raw_connection_run(sql)
-        with_auto_reconnect do
-          case connection_mode
-          when :odbc
-            block_given? ? raw_connection.run_block(sql) { |handle| yield(handle) } : raw_connection.run(sql)
-          else :adonet
-            raw_connection.create_command.tap{ |cmd| cmd.command_text = sql }.execute_reader
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def raw_connection_do(sql)
-        case connection_mode
-        when :odbc
-          raw_connection.do(sql)
-        else :adonet
-          raw_connection.create_command.tap{ |cmd| cmd.command_text = sql }.execute_non_query
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def finish_statement_handle(handle)
-        case connection_mode
-        when :odbc
-          handle.drop if handle && handle.respond_to?(:drop) && !handle.finished?
-        when :adonet
-          handle.close if handle && handle.respond_to?(:close) && !handle.is_closed
-          handle.dispose if handle && handle.respond_to?(:dispose)
-        end
-        handle
-      end
-      
-      # DATABASE STATEMENTS ======================================
-      
-      def select(sql, name = nil, ignore_special_columns = false)
-        repair_special_columns(sql) unless ignore_special_columns
-        fields_and_row_sets = raw_select(sql,name)
-        final_result_set = fields_and_row_sets.inject([]) do |rs,fields_and_rows|
-          fields, rows = fields_and_rows
-          rs << zip_fields_and_rows(fields,rows)
-        end
-        final_result_set.many? ? final_result_set : final_result_set.first
-      end
-      
-      def zip_fields_and_rows(fields, rows)
-        rows.inject([]) do |results,row|
-          row_hash = {}
-          fields.each_with_index do |f, i|
-            row_hash[f] = row[i]
-          end
-          results << row_hash
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def insert_sql(sql, name = nil, pk = nil, id_value = nil, sequence_name = nil)
-        super || select_value("SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() AS Ident")
-      end
-      
-      def update_sql(sql, name = nil)
-        execute(sql, name)
-        select_value('SELECT @@ROWCOUNT AS AffectedRows')
-      end
-      
-      def info_schema_query
-        log_info_schema_queries ? yield : ActiveRecord::Base.silence{ yield }
-      end
-      
-      def do_execute(sql,name=nil)
-        log(sql, name || 'EXECUTE') do
-          with_auto_reconnect { raw_connection_do(sql) }
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def raw_select(sql, name = nil)
-        fields_and_row_sets = []
-        log(sql,name) do
-          begin
-            handle = raw_connection_run(sql)
-            loop do
-              fields_and_rows = case connection_mode
-                                when :odbc
-                                  handle_to_fields_and_rows_odbc(handle)
-                                when :adonet
-                                  handle_to_fields_and_rows_adonet(handle)
-                                end
-              fields_and_row_sets << fields_and_rows
-              break unless handle_more_results?(handle)
-            end
-          ensure
-            finish_statement_handle(handle)
-          end
-        end
-        fields_and_row_sets
-      end
-      
-      def handle_more_results?(handle)
-        case connection_mode
-        when :odbc
-          handle.more_results
-        when :adonet
-          handle.next_result
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def handle_to_fields_and_rows_odbc(handle)
-        fields = handle.columns(true).map { |c| c.name }
-        results = handle.inject([]) do |rows,row|
-          rows << row.inject([]) { |values,value| values << value }
-        end
-        rows = results.inject([]) do |rows,row|
-          row.each_with_index do |value, i|
-            if value.is_a? ODBC::TimeStamp
-              row[i] = value.to_sqlserver_string
-            end
-          end
-          rows << row
-        end
-        [fields,rows]
-      end
-      
-      def handle_to_fields_and_rows_adonet(handle)
-        if handle.has_rows
-          fields = []
-          rows = []
-          fields_named = false
-          while handle.read
-            row = []
-            handle.visible_field_count.times do |row_index|
-              value = handle.get_value(row_index)
-              value = if value.is_a? System::String
-                        value.to_s
-                      elsif value.is_a? System::DBNull
-                        nil
-                      elsif value.is_a? System::DateTime
-                        value.to_string("yyyy-MM-dd HH:MM:ss.fff").to_s
-                      else
-                        value
-                      end
-              row << value
-              fields << handle.get_name(row_index).to_s unless fields_named
-            end
-            rows << row
-            fields_named = true
-          end
-        else
-          fields, rows = [], []
-        end
-        [fields,rows]
-      end
-      
-      def add_limit_offset_for_association_limiting!(sql, options)
-        sql.replace %|
-          SET NOCOUNT ON
-          DECLARE @row_number TABLE (row int identity(1,1), id int)
-          INSERT INTO @row_number (id)
-            #{sql}
-          SET NOCOUNT OFF
-          SELECT id FROM (
-            SELECT TOP #{options[:limit]} * FROM (
-              SELECT TOP #{options[:limit] + options[:offset]} * FROM @row_number ORDER BY row
-            ) AS tmp1 ORDER BY row DESC
-          ) AS tmp2 ORDER BY row
-        |.gsub(/[ \t\r\n]+/,' ')
-      end
-      
-      # SCHEMA STATEMENTS ========================================#
-      
-      def remove_check_constraints(table_name, column_name)
-        constraints = info_schema_query { select_values("SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE where TABLE_NAME = '#{quote_string(table_name)}' and COLUMN_NAME = '#{quote_string(column_name)}'") }
-        constraints.each do |constraint|
-          do_execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} DROP CONSTRAINT #{quote_column_name(constraint)}"
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
-        select_all("EXEC sp_helpconstraint '#{quote_string(table_name)}','nomsg'").select do |row|
-          row['constraint_type'] == "DEFAULT on column #{column_name}"
-        end.each do |row|
-          do_execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} DROP CONSTRAINT #{row['constraint_name']}"
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def remove_indexes(table_name, column_name)
-        indexes(table_name).select{ |index| index.columns.include?(column_name.to_s) }.each do |index|
-          remove_index(table_name, {:name => index.name})
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def default_name(table_name, column_name)
-        "DF_#{table_name}_#{column_name}"
-      end
-      
-      # IDENTITY INSERTS =========================================#
-      
-      def with_identity_insert_enabled(table_name)
-        table_name = quote_table_name(table_name_or_views_table_name(table_name))
-        set_identity_insert(table_name, true)
-        yield
-      ensure
-        set_identity_insert(table_name, false)
-      end
-      
-      def set_identity_insert(table_name, enable = true)
-        sql = "SET IDENTITY_INSERT #{table_name} #{enable ? 'ON' : 'OFF'}"
-        do_execute(sql,'IDENTITY_INSERT')
-      rescue Exception => e
-        raise ActiveRecordError, "IDENTITY_INSERT could not be turned #{enable ? 'ON' : 'OFF'} for table #{table_name}"
-      end
-      
-      def query_requires_identity_insert?(sql)
-        if insert_sql?(sql)
-          table_name = get_table_name(sql)
-          id_column = identity_column(table_name)
-          id_column && sql =~ /^\s*INSERT[^(]+\([^)]*\b(#{id_column.name})\b,?[^)]*\)/i ? quote_table_name(table_name) : false
-        else
-          false
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def identity_column(table_name)
-        columns(table_name).detect(&:is_identity?)
-      end
-      
-      def table_name_or_views_table_name(table_name)
-        unquoted_table_name = unqualify_table_name(table_name)
-        views.include?(unquoted_table_name) ? view_table_name(unquoted_table_name) : unquoted_table_name
-      end
-      
-      # HELPER METHODS ===========================================#
-      
-      def insert_sql?(sql)
-        !(sql =~ /^\s*INSERT/i).nil?
-      end
-      
-      def unqualify_table_name(table_name)
-        table_name.to_s.split('.').last.gsub(/[\[\]]/,'')
-      end
-      
-      def unqualify_db_name(table_name)
-        table_names = table_name.to_s.split('.')
-        table_names.length == 3 ? table_names.first.tr('[]','') : nil
-      end
-      
-      def get_table_name(sql)
-        if sql =~ /^\s*insert\s+into\s+([^\(\s]+)\s*|^\s*update\s+([^\(\s]+)\s*/i
-          $1 || $2
-        elsif sql =~ /from\s+([^\(\s]+)\s*/i
-          $1
-        else
-          nil
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def orders_and_dirs_set(order)
-        orders = order.sub('ORDER BY','').split(',').map(&:strip).reject(&:blank?)
-        orders_dirs = orders.map do |ord|
-          dir = nil
-          ord.sub!(/\b(asc|desc)$/i) do |match|
-            if match
-              dir = match.upcase.strip
-              ''
-            end
-          end
-          [ord.strip, dir]
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def views_real_column_name(table_name,column_name)
-        view_definition = view_information(table_name)['VIEW_DEFINITION']
-        match_data = view_definition.match(/([\w-]*)\s+as\s+#{column_name}/im)
-        match_data ? match_data[1] : column_name
-      end
-      
-      def order_to_min_set(order)
-        orders_dirs = orders_and_dirs_set(order)
-        orders_dirs.map do |o,d|
-          "MIN(#{o}) #{d}".strip
-        end.join(', ')
-      end
-      
-      def sql_for_association_limiting?(sql)
-        if md = sql.match(/^\s*SELECT(.*)FROM.*GROUP BY.*ORDER BY.*/im)
-          select_froms = md[1].split(',')
-          select_froms.size == 1 && !select_froms.first.include?('*')
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def remove_sqlserver_columns_cache_for(table_name)
-        cache_key = unqualify_table_name(table_name)
-        @sqlserver_columns_cache[cache_key] = nil
-        initialize_sqlserver_caches(false)
-      end
-      
-      def initialize_sqlserver_caches(reset_columns=true)
-        @sqlserver_columns_cache = {} if reset_columns
-        @sqlserver_views_cache = nil
-        @sqlserver_view_information_cache = {}
-      end
-      
-      def column_definitions(table_name)
-        db_name = unqualify_db_name(table_name)
-        db_name_with_period = "#{db_name}." if db_name
-        table_name = unqualify_table_name(table_name)
-        sql = %{
-          SELECT
-          columns.TABLE_NAME as table_name,
-          columns.COLUMN_NAME as name,
-          columns.DATA_TYPE as type,
-          columns.COLUMN_DEFAULT as default_value,
-          columns.NUMERIC_SCALE as numeric_scale,
-          columns.NUMERIC_PRECISION as numeric_precision,
-          CASE
-            WHEN columns.DATA_TYPE IN ('nchar','nvarchar') THEN columns.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH
-            ELSE COL_LENGTH(columns.TABLE_SCHEMA+'.'+columns.TABLE_NAME, columns.COLUMN_NAME)
-          END as length,
-          CASE
-            WHEN columns.IS_NULLABLE = 'YES' THEN 1
-            ELSE NULL
-          end as is_nullable,
-          CASE
-            WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(columns.TABLE_SCHEMA+'.'+columns.TABLE_NAME), columns.COLUMN_NAME, 'IsIdentity') = 0 THEN NULL
-            ELSE 1
-          END as is_identity
-          FROM #{db_name_with_period}INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS columns
-          WHERE columns.TABLE_NAME = '#{table_name}'
-          ORDER BY columns.ordinal_position
-        }.gsub(/[ \t\r\n]+/,' ')
-        results = info_schema_query { select(sql,nil,true) }
-        results.collect do |ci|
-          ci.symbolize_keys!
-          ci[:type] = case ci[:type]
-                      when /^bit|image|text|ntext|datetime$/
-                        ci[:type]
-                      when /^numeric|decimal$/i
-                        "#{ci[:type]}(#{ci[:numeric_precision]},#{ci[:numeric_scale]})"
-                      when /^char|nchar|varchar|nvarchar|varbinary|bigint|int|smallint$/
-                        ci[:length].to_i == -1 ? "#{ci[:type]}(max)" : "#{ci[:type]}(#{ci[:length]})"
-                      else
-                        ci[:type]
-                      end
-          if ci[:default_value].nil? && views.include?(table_name)
-            real_table_name = table_name_or_views_table_name(table_name)
-            real_column_name = views_real_column_name(table_name,ci[:name])
-            col_default_sql = "SELECT c.COLUMN_DEFAULT FROM #{db_name_with_period}INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c WHERE c.TABLE_NAME = '#{real_table_name}' AND c.COLUMN_NAME = '#{real_column_name}'"
-            ci[:default_value] = info_schema_query { select_value(col_default_sql) }
-          end
-          ci[:default_value] = case ci[:default_value]
-                               when nil, '(null)', '(NULL)'
-                                 nil
-                               else
-                                 match_data = ci[:default_value].match(/\A\(+N?'?(.*?)'?\)+\Z/m)
-                                 match_data ? match_data[1] : nil
-                               end
-          ci[:null] = ci[:is_nullable].to_i == 1 ; ci.delete(:is_nullable)
-          ci
-        end
-      end
-      
-      def column_for(table_name, column_name)
-        unless column = columns(table_name).detect { |c| c.name == column_name.to_s }
-          raise ActiveRecordError, "No such column: #{table_name}.#{column_name}"
-        end
-        column
-      end
-      
-      def change_order_direction(order)
-        order.split(",").collect {|fragment|
-          case fragment
-            when  /\bDESC\b/i     then fragment.gsub(/\bDESC\b/i, "ASC")
-            when  /\bASC\b/i      then fragment.gsub(/\bASC\b/i, "DESC")
-            else                  String.new(fragment).split(',').join(' DESC,') + ' DESC'
-          end
-        }.join(",")
-      end
-      
-      def special_columns(table_name)
-        columns(table_name).select(&:is_special?).map(&:name)
-      end
-      
-      def repair_special_columns(sql)
-        special_cols = special_columns(get_table_name(sql))
-        for col in special_cols.to_a
-          sql.gsub!(/((\.|\s|\()\[?#{col.to_s}\]?)\s?=\s?/, '\1 LIKE ')
-          sql.gsub!(/ORDER BY #{col.to_s}/i, '')
-        end
-        sql
-      end
-            
+
     end #class SQLServerAdapter < AbstractAdapter
-    
+
   end #module ConnectionAdapters
-  
+
 end #module ActiveRecord