activerecord-spanner-adapter 0.1.0 → 0.7.0
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- checksums.yaml +5 -5
- data/.github/CODEOWNERS +7 -0
- data/.github/sync-repo-settings.yaml +16 -0
- data/.github/workflows/acceptance-tests-on-emulator.yaml +45 -0
- data/.github/workflows/acceptance-tests-on-production.yaml +49 -0
- data/.github/workflows/ci.yaml +33 -0
- data/.github/workflows/nightly-acceptance-tests-on-emulator.yaml +52 -0
- data/.github/workflows/nightly-acceptance-tests-on-production.yaml +35 -0
- data/.github/workflows/nightly-unit-tests.yaml +40 -0
- data/.github/workflows/release-please-label.yml +25 -0
- data/.github/workflows/release-please.yml +39 -0
- data/.github/workflows/rubocop.yaml +31 -0
- data/.gitignore +67 -5
- data/.kokoro/populate-secrets.sh +77 -0
- data/.kokoro/release.cfg +33 -0
- data/.kokoro/release.sh +15 -0
- data/.kokoro/trampoline_v2.sh +489 -0
- data/.rubocop.yml +46 -0
- data/.toys/release.rb +18 -0
- data/.trampolinerc +48 -0
- data/.yardopts +11 -0
- data/CHANGELOG.md +42 -0
- data/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md +40 -0
- data/CONTRIBUTING.md +79 -0
- data/Gemfile +9 -5
- data/LICENSE +6 -6
- data/README.md +67 -30
- data/Rakefile +74 -2
- data/SECURITY.md +7 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/associations/has_many_associations_test.rb +119 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/associations/has_many_through_associations_test.rb +63 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/associations/has_one_associations_test.rb +79 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/associations/has_one_through_associations_test.rb +98 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/interleaved_associations/has_many_associations_using_interleaved_test.rb +211 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/change_schema_test.rb +433 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/change_table_test.rb +115 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/column_attributes_test.rb +122 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/column_positioning_test.rb +48 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/columns_test.rb +201 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/command_recorder_test.rb +406 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/create_join_table_test.rb +216 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/ddl_batching_test.rb +80 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/foreign_key_test.rb +297 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/index_test.rb +211 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/references_foreign_key_test.rb +259 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/references_index_test.rb +135 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/references_statements_test.rb +166 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/migration/rename_column_test.rb +96 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/models/calculation_query_test.rb +128 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/models/generated_column_test.rb +126 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/models/mutation_test.rb +122 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/models/query_test.rb +171 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/sessions/session_not_found_test.rb +121 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/transactions/optimistic_locking_test.rb +141 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/transactions/read_only_transactions_test.rb +130 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/transactions/read_write_transactions_test.rb +248 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/all_types_test.rb +172 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/binary_test.rb +59 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/boolean_test.rb +31 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/date_test.rb +32 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/date_time_test.rb +30 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/float_test.rb +27 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/integer_test.rb +44 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/json_test.rb +34 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/numeric_test.rb +27 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/string_test.rb +79 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/text_test.rb +30 -0
- data/acceptance/cases/type/time_test.rb +87 -0
- data/acceptance/models/account.rb +13 -0
- data/acceptance/models/address.rb +9 -0
- data/acceptance/models/album.rb +12 -0
- data/acceptance/models/all_types.rb +8 -0
- data/acceptance/models/author.rb +11 -0
- data/acceptance/models/club.rb +12 -0
- data/acceptance/models/comment.rb +9 -0
- data/acceptance/models/customer.rb +9 -0
- data/acceptance/models/department.rb +9 -0
- data/acceptance/models/firm.rb +10 -0
- data/acceptance/models/member.rb +13 -0
- data/acceptance/models/member_type.rb +9 -0
- data/acceptance/models/membership.rb +10 -0
- data/acceptance/models/organization.rb +9 -0
- data/acceptance/models/post.rb +10 -0
- data/acceptance/models/singer.rb +10 -0
- data/acceptance/models/track.rb +20 -0
- data/acceptance/models/transaction.rb +9 -0
- data/acceptance/schema/schema.rb +147 -0
- data/acceptance/test_helper.rb +261 -0
- data/activerecord-spanner-adapter.gemspec +32 -17
- data/assets/solidus-db.png +0 -0
- data/benchmarks/README.md +17 -0
- data/benchmarks/Rakefile +14 -0
- data/benchmarks/application.rb +308 -0
- data/benchmarks/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/benchmarks/config/environment.rb +12 -0
- data/benchmarks/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +25 -0
- data/benchmarks/db/schema.rb +29 -0
- data/benchmarks/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/benchmarks/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/bin/console +6 -7
- data/examples/rails/README.md +262 -0
- data/examples/snippets/README.md +29 -0
- data/examples/snippets/Rakefile +57 -0
- data/examples/snippets/array-data-type/README.md +45 -0
- data/examples/snippets/array-data-type/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/array-data-type/application.rb +45 -0
- data/examples/snippets/array-data-type/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/array-data-type/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +24 -0
- data/examples/snippets/array-data-type/db/schema.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/array-data-type/db/seeds.rb +5 -0
- data/examples/snippets/array-data-type/models/entity_with_array_types.rb +18 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bin/create_emulator_instance.rb +18 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/README.md +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/application.rb +64 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/db/schema.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/db/seeds.rb +5 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/bulk-insert/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/README.md +18 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/application.rb +53 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/db/schema.rb +29 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/db/seeds.rb +5 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/commit-timestamp/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/config/environment.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/README.md +12 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/application.rb +42 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/db/schema.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/db/seeds.rb +5 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/create-records/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/date-data-type/README.md +19 -0
- data/examples/snippets/date-data-type/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/date-data-type/application.rb +35 -0
- data/examples/snippets/date-data-type/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/date-data-type/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +20 -0
- data/examples/snippets/date-data-type/db/schema.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/date-data-type/db/seeds.rb +16 -0
- data/examples/snippets/date-data-type/models/singer.rb +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/generated-column/README.md +41 -0
- data/examples/snippets/generated-column/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/generated-column/application.rb +37 -0
- data/examples/snippets/generated-column/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/generated-column/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +23 -0
- data/examples/snippets/generated-column/db/schema.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/generated-column/db/seeds.rb +18 -0
- data/examples/snippets/generated-column/models/singer.rb +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/README.md +19 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/application.rb +47 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +23 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/db/schema.rb +28 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/db/seeds.rb +29 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/hints/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/README.md +152 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/application.rb +109 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +44 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/db/schema.rb +32 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/db/seeds.rb +40 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/models/album.rb +15 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/models/singer.rb +20 -0
- data/examples/snippets/interleaved-tables/models/track.rb +25 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/README.md +43 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/application.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +28 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/db/schema.rb +33 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/db/seeds.rb +5 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/models/album.rb +10 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/models/singer.rb +10 -0
- data/examples/snippets/migrations/models/track.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/README.md +34 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/application.rb +47 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +22 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/db/schema.rb +27 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/db/seeds.rb +25 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/mutations/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/README.md +12 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/application.rb +48 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/db/schema.rb +29 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/db/seeds.rb +25 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/optimistic-locking/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/README.md +16 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/application.rb +48 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/db/schema.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/db/seeds.rb +29 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/partitioned-dml/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/README.md +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/application.rb +51 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/db/schema.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/db/seeds.rb +24 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/quickstart/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/README.md +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/application.rb +77 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/db/schema.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/db/seeds.rb +24 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-only-transactions/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/README.md +12 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/application.rb +39 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +22 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/db/schema.rb +27 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/db/seeds.rb +25 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/read-write-transactions/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/README.md +27 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/application.rb +63 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/db/schema.rb +26 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/db/seeds.rb +24 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/models/album.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/stale-reads/models/singer.rb +9 -0
- data/examples/snippets/timestamp-data-type/README.md +17 -0
- data/examples/snippets/timestamp-data-type/Rakefile +13 -0
- data/examples/snippets/timestamp-data-type/application.rb +42 -0
- data/examples/snippets/timestamp-data-type/config/database.yml +8 -0
- data/examples/snippets/timestamp-data-type/db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/timestamp-data-type/db/schema.rb +21 -0
- data/examples/snippets/timestamp-data-type/db/seeds.rb +6 -0
- data/examples/snippets/timestamp-data-type/models/meeting.rb +19 -0
- data/examples/solidus/README.md +172 -0
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/database_statements.rb +244 -251
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/quoting.rb +42 -50
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_cache.rb +43 -0
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_creation.rb +129 -7
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_definitions.rb +122 -0
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_dumper.rb +19 -0
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_statements.rb +553 -141
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/type_metadata.rb +37 -0
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner_adapter.rb +188 -70
- data/lib/active_record/tasks/spanner_database_tasks.rb +74 -0
- data/lib/active_record/type/spanner/array.rb +32 -0
- data/lib/active_record/type/spanner/bytes.rb +26 -0
- data/lib/active_record/type/spanner/spanner_active_record_converter.rb +33 -0
- data/lib/active_record/type/spanner/time.rb +37 -0
- data/lib/activerecord-spanner-adapter.rb +23 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/base.rb +238 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/connection.rb +324 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/errors.rb +13 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/foreign_key.rb +29 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/index/column.rb +38 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/index.rb +80 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/information_schema.rb +261 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/primary_key.rb +31 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/table/column.rb +59 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/table.rb +61 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/transaction.rb +123 -0
- data/lib/activerecord_spanner_adapter/version.rb +9 -0
- data/lib/arel/visitors/spanner.rb +111 -0
- data/lib/spanner_client_ext.rb +103 -0
- data/renovate.json +5 -0
- metadata +417 -36
- data/.gitmodules +0 -3
- data/.travis.yml +0 -5
- data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner.rb +0 -10
- data/lib/activerecord-spanner-adapter/version.rb +0 -3
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# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
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#
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# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
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# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
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# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
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require "io/console"
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require_relative "../config/environment"
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require_relative "models/singer"
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require_relative "models/album"
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require_relative "models/track"
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class Application
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def self.run
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# List all singers, albums and tracks.
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list_singers_albums_tracks
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# Create a new album with some tracks.
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create_new_album
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# Try to update the singer of an album. This is not possible as albums are interleaved in singers.
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update_singer_of_album
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# Try to delete a singer that has at least one album. This is NOT possible as albums is NOT marked with
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# ON DELETE CASCADE.
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delete_singer_with_albums
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# Try to delete an album that has at least one track. This IS possible as tracks IS marked with
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# ON DELETE CASCADE.
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delete_album_with_tracks
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puts ""
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puts "Press any key to end the application"
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STDIN.getch
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end
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def self.list_singers_albums_tracks
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puts ""
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puts "Listing all singers with corresponding albums and tracks"
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Singer.all.order("last_name, first_name").each do |singer|
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puts "#{singer.first_name} #{singer.last_name} has #{singer.albums.count} albums:"
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singer.albums.order("title").each do |album|
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puts " #{album.title} has #{album.tracks.count} tracks:"
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album.tracks.each do |track|
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puts " #{track.title}"
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end
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end
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end
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end
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def self.create_new_album
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# Create a new album with some tracks.
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puts ""
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singer = Singer.all.sample
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puts "Creating a new album for #{singer.first_name} #{singer.last_name}"
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album = singer.albums.build title: "New Title"
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album.tracks.build title: "Track 1", duration: 3.5, singer: singer
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album.tracks.build title: "Track 2", duration: 3.6, singer: singer
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# This will save the album and corresponding tracks in one transaction.
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album.save!
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album.reload
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puts "Album #{album.title} has #{album.tracks.count} tracks:"
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album.tracks.order("title").each do |track|
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puts " #{track.title} with duration #{track.duration}"
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end
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end
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def self.update_singer_of_album
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# It is not possible to change the singer of an album or the album of a track. This is because the associations
|
71
|
+
# between these are not traditional foreign keys, but an immutable parent-child relationship.
|
72
|
+
album = Album.all.sample
|
73
|
+
new_singer = Singer.all.except(album.singer).sample
|
74
|
+
# This will fail as we cannot assign a new singer to an album as it is an INTERLEAVE IN PARENT relationship.
|
75
|
+
begin
|
76
|
+
album.update! singer: new_singer
|
77
|
+
raise StandardError, "Unexpected error: Updating the singer of an album should not be possible."
|
78
|
+
rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid
|
79
|
+
puts ""
|
80
|
+
puts "Failed to update the singer of an album. This is expected."
|
81
|
+
end
|
82
|
+
end
|
83
|
+
|
84
|
+
def self.delete_singer_with_albums
|
85
|
+
# Deleting a singer that has albums is not possible, as the INTERLEAVE IN PARENT of albums is not marked with
|
86
|
+
# ON DELETE CASCADE.
|
87
|
+
singer = Album.all.sample.singer
|
88
|
+
begin
|
89
|
+
singer.delete
|
90
|
+
raise StandardError, "Unexpected error: Updating the singer of an album should not be possible."
|
91
|
+
rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid
|
92
|
+
puts ""
|
93
|
+
puts "Failed to delete a singer that has #{singer.albums.count} albums. This is expected."
|
94
|
+
end
|
95
|
+
end
|
96
|
+
|
97
|
+
def self.delete_album_with_tracks
|
98
|
+
# Deleting an album with tracks is supported, as the INTERLEAVE IN PARENT relationship between tracks and albums is
|
99
|
+
# marked with ON DELETE CASCADE.
|
100
|
+
puts ""
|
101
|
+
puts "Total track count: #{Track.count}"
|
102
|
+
album = Track.all.sample.album
|
103
|
+
puts "Deleting album #{album.title} with #{album.tracks.count} tracks"
|
104
|
+
album.delete
|
105
|
+
puts "Total track count after deletion: #{Track.count}"
|
106
|
+
end
|
107
|
+
end
|
108
|
+
|
109
|
+
Application.run
|
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
class CreateTables < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
|
8
|
+
def change
|
9
|
+
# Execute the entire migration as one DDL batch.
|
10
|
+
connection.ddl_batch do
|
11
|
+
create_table :singers, id: false do |t|
|
12
|
+
# Explicitly define the primary key with a custom name to prevent all primary key columns from being named `id`.
|
13
|
+
t.primary_key :singerid
|
14
|
+
t.string :first_name
|
15
|
+
t.string :last_name
|
16
|
+
end
|
17
|
+
|
18
|
+
create_table :albums, id: false do |t|
|
19
|
+
# Interleave the `albums` table in the parent table `singers`.
|
20
|
+
t.interleave_in :singers
|
21
|
+
t.primary_key :albumid
|
22
|
+
# `singerid` is defined as a `parent_key` which makes it a part of the primary key in the table definition, but
|
23
|
+
# it is not presented to ActiveRecord as part of the primary key, to prevent ActiveRecord from considering this
|
24
|
+
# to be an entity with a composite primary key (which is not supported by ActiveRecord).
|
25
|
+
t.parent_key :singerid
|
26
|
+
t.string :title
|
27
|
+
end
|
28
|
+
|
29
|
+
create_table :tracks, id: false do |t|
|
30
|
+
# Interleave the `tracks` table in the parent table `albums` and cascade delete all tracks that belong to an
|
31
|
+
# album when an album is deleted.
|
32
|
+
t.interleave_in :albums, :cascade
|
33
|
+
# `trackid` is considered the only primary key column by ActiveRecord.
|
34
|
+
t.primary_key :trackid
|
35
|
+
# `singerid` and `albumid` form the parent key of `tracks`. These are part of the primary key definition in the
|
36
|
+
# database, but are presented as parent keys to ActiveRecord.
|
37
|
+
t.parent_key :singerid
|
38
|
+
t.parent_key :albumid
|
39
|
+
t.string :title
|
40
|
+
t.numeric :duration
|
41
|
+
end
|
42
|
+
end
|
43
|
+
end
|
44
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# This file is auto-generated from the current state of the database. Instead
|
2
|
+
# of editing this file, please use the migrations feature of Active Record to
|
3
|
+
# incrementally modify your database, and then regenerate this schema definition.
|
4
|
+
#
|
5
|
+
# This file is the source Rails uses to define your schema when running `rails
|
6
|
+
# db:schema:load`. When creating a new database, `rails db:schema:load` tends to
|
7
|
+
# be faster and is potentially less error prone than running all of your
|
8
|
+
# migrations from scratch. Old migrations may fail to apply correctly if those
|
9
|
+
# migrations use external dependencies or application code.
|
10
|
+
#
|
11
|
+
# It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
|
12
|
+
|
13
|
+
ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 1) do
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
create_table "albums", primary_key: "albumid", force: :cascade do |t|
|
16
|
+
t.integer "singerid", limit: 8, null: false
|
17
|
+
t.string "title"
|
18
|
+
end
|
19
|
+
|
20
|
+
create_table "singers", primary_key: "singerid", force: :cascade do |t|
|
21
|
+
t.string "first_name"
|
22
|
+
t.string "last_name"
|
23
|
+
end
|
24
|
+
|
25
|
+
create_table "tracks", primary_key: "trackid", force: :cascade do |t|
|
26
|
+
t.integer "singerid", limit: 8, null: false
|
27
|
+
t.integer "albumid", limit: 8, null: false
|
28
|
+
t.string "title"
|
29
|
+
t.decimal "duration"
|
30
|
+
end
|
31
|
+
|
32
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
require_relative "../../config/environment.rb"
|
8
|
+
require_relative "../models/singer"
|
9
|
+
require_relative "../models/album"
|
10
|
+
require_relative "../models/track"
|
11
|
+
|
12
|
+
first_names = %w[Pete Alice John Ethel Trudy Naomi Wendy Ruben Thomas Elly]
|
13
|
+
last_names = %w[Wendelson Allison Peterson Johnson Henderson Ericsson Aronson Tennet Courtou]
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
adjectives = %w[daily happy blue generous cooked bad open]
|
16
|
+
nouns = %w[windows potatoes bank street tree glass bottle]
|
17
|
+
|
18
|
+
verbs = %w[operate waste package chew yield express polish stress slip want cough campaign cultivate report park refer]
|
19
|
+
adverbs = %w[directly right hopefully personally economically privately supposedly consequently fully later urgently]
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
durations = [3.14, 5.4, 3.3, 4.1, 5.0, 3.2, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.5, 6.0]
|
22
|
+
|
23
|
+
# This ensures all the records are inserted using one read/write transaction that will use mutations instead of DML.
|
24
|
+
ActiveRecord::Base.transaction isolation: :buffered_mutations do
|
25
|
+
singers = []
|
26
|
+
5.times do
|
27
|
+
singers << Singer.create(first_name: first_names.sample, last_name: last_names.sample)
|
28
|
+
end
|
29
|
+
|
30
|
+
albums = []
|
31
|
+
20.times do
|
32
|
+
singer = singers.sample
|
33
|
+
albums << Album.create(title: "#{adjectives.sample} #{nouns.sample}", singer: singer)
|
34
|
+
end
|
35
|
+
|
36
|
+
200.times do
|
37
|
+
album = albums.sample
|
38
|
+
Track.create title: "#{verbs.sample} #{adverbs.sample}", duration: durations.sample, album: album
|
39
|
+
end
|
40
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
class Album < ActiveRecord::Base
|
8
|
+
# `albums` is defined as INTERLEAVE IN PARENT `singers`. The primary key of `singers` is `singerid`.
|
9
|
+
belongs_to :singer, foreign_key: "singerid"
|
10
|
+
|
11
|
+
# `tracks` is defined as INTERLEAVE IN PARENT `albums`. The primary key of `albums` is (`singerid`, `albumid`), but
|
12
|
+
# only `albumid` is used by ActiveRecord as the primary key. The `singerid` column is defined as a `parent_key` of
|
13
|
+
# `albums` (see also the `db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb` file).
|
14
|
+
has_many :tracks, foreign_key: "albumid"
|
15
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
class Singer < ActiveRecord::Base
|
8
|
+
# `albums` is defined as INTERLEAVE IN PARENT `singers`. The primary key of `albums` is (`singerid`, `albumid`), but
|
9
|
+
# only `albumid` is used by ActiveRecord as the primary key. The `singerid` column is defined as a `parent_key` of
|
10
|
+
# `albums` (see also the `db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb` file).
|
11
|
+
has_many :albums, foreign_key: "singerid"
|
12
|
+
|
13
|
+
# `tracks` is defined as INTERLEAVE IN PARENT `albums`. The primary key of `tracks` is
|
14
|
+
# (`singerid`, `albumid`, `trackid`), but only `trackid` is used by ActiveRecord as the primary key. The `singerid`
|
15
|
+
# and `albumid` columns are defined as `parent_key` of `tracks` (see also the `db/migrate/01_create_tables.rb` file).
|
16
|
+
# The `singerid` column can therefore be used to associate tracks with a singer without the need to go through albums.
|
17
|
+
# Note also that the inclusion of `singerid` as a column in `tracks` is required in order to make `tracks` a child
|
18
|
+
# table of `albums` which has primary key (`singerid`, `albumid`).
|
19
|
+
has_many :tracks, foreign_key: "singerid"
|
20
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
class Track < ActiveRecord::Base
|
8
|
+
# `tracks` is defined as INTERLEAVE IN PARENT `albums`. The primary key of `albums` is ()`singerid`, `albumid`).
|
9
|
+
belongs_to :album, foreign_key: "albumid"
|
10
|
+
|
11
|
+
# `tracks` also has a `singerid` column should be used to associate a Track with a Singer.
|
12
|
+
belongs_to :singer, foreign_key: "singerid"
|
13
|
+
|
14
|
+
# Override the default initialize method to automatically set the singer attribute when an album is given.
|
15
|
+
def initialize attributes = nil
|
16
|
+
super
|
17
|
+
self.singer ||= album&.singer
|
18
|
+
end
|
19
|
+
|
20
|
+
def album=value
|
21
|
+
super
|
22
|
+
# Ensure the singer of this track is equal to the singer of the album that is set.
|
23
|
+
self.singer = value&.singer
|
24
|
+
end
|
25
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Sample - Migrations
|
2
|
+
|
3
|
+
This example shows the best way to execute migrations with the Spanner ActiveRecord adapter.
|
4
|
+
|
5
|
+
It is [strongly recommended](https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/schema-updates#best-practices) that you limit the
|
6
|
+
frequency of schema updates in Cloud Spanner, and that schema changes are batched together whenever possible. The
|
7
|
+
Spanner ActiveRecord adapter supports batching DDL statements together using the `connection.ddl_batch` method. This
|
8
|
+
method accepts a block of DDL statements that will be sent to Cloud Spanner as one batch. It is recommended that
|
9
|
+
migrations are grouped together in one or in a limited number of batches for optimal performance.
|
10
|
+
|
11
|
+
This example shows how to create three tables in one batch:
|
12
|
+
|
13
|
+
```ruby
|
14
|
+
# Execute the entire migration as one DDL batch.
|
15
|
+
connection.ddl_batch do
|
16
|
+
create_table :singers do |t|
|
17
|
+
t.string :first_name
|
18
|
+
t.string :last_name
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
create_table :albums do |t|
|
22
|
+
t.string :title
|
23
|
+
t.references :singers
|
24
|
+
end
|
25
|
+
|
26
|
+
create_table :tracks do |t|
|
27
|
+
t.string :title
|
28
|
+
t.numeric :duration
|
29
|
+
t.references :albums
|
30
|
+
end
|
31
|
+
end
|
32
|
+
```
|
33
|
+
|
34
|
+
## Running the Sample
|
35
|
+
|
36
|
+
The sample will automatically start a Spanner Emulator in a docker container and execute the sample
|
37
|
+
against that emulator. The emulator will automatically be stopped when the application finishes.
|
38
|
+
|
39
|
+
Run the application with the command
|
40
|
+
|
41
|
+
```bash
|
42
|
+
bundle exec rake run
|
43
|
+
```
|
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
require_relative "../config/environment"
|
8
|
+
require "sinatra/activerecord/rake"
|
9
|
+
|
10
|
+
desc "Sample showing the best practice for executing migrations (schema updates) on Cloud Spanner in ActiveRecord."
|
11
|
+
task :run do
|
12
|
+
Dir.chdir("..") { sh "bundle exec rake run[migrations]" }
|
13
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
require "io/console"
|
8
|
+
require_relative "../config/environment"
|
9
|
+
|
10
|
+
class Application
|
11
|
+
def self.run
|
12
|
+
puts ""
|
13
|
+
puts "Created database with the following tables:"
|
14
|
+
sql = "SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_CATALOG='' AND TABLE_SCHEMA=''"
|
15
|
+
tables = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.raw_connection.execute_query sql
|
16
|
+
tables.rows.each do |row|
|
17
|
+
puts row[:TABLE_NAME]
|
18
|
+
end
|
19
|
+
|
20
|
+
puts ""
|
21
|
+
puts "Press any key to end the application"
|
22
|
+
STDIN.getch
|
23
|
+
end
|
24
|
+
end
|
25
|
+
|
26
|
+
Application.run
|
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
class CreateTables < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
|
8
|
+
def change
|
9
|
+
# Execute the entire migration as one DDL batch.
|
10
|
+
connection.ddl_batch do
|
11
|
+
create_table :singers do |t|
|
12
|
+
t.string :first_name
|
13
|
+
t.string :last_name
|
14
|
+
end
|
15
|
+
|
16
|
+
create_table :albums do |t|
|
17
|
+
t.string :title
|
18
|
+
t.references :singers
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
create_table :tracks do |t|
|
22
|
+
t.string :title
|
23
|
+
t.numeric :duration
|
24
|
+
t.references :albums
|
25
|
+
end
|
26
|
+
end
|
27
|
+
end
|
28
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# This file is auto-generated from the current state of the database. Instead
|
2
|
+
# of editing this file, please use the migrations feature of Active Record to
|
3
|
+
# incrementally modify your database, and then regenerate this schema definition.
|
4
|
+
#
|
5
|
+
# This file is the source Rails uses to define your schema when running `rails
|
6
|
+
# db:schema:load`. When creating a new database, `rails db:schema:load` tends to
|
7
|
+
# be faster and is potentially less error prone than running all of your
|
8
|
+
# migrations from scratch. Old migrations may fail to apply correctly if those
|
9
|
+
# migrations use external dependencies or application code.
|
10
|
+
#
|
11
|
+
# It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
|
12
|
+
|
13
|
+
ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 1) do
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
create_table "albums", force: :cascade do |t|
|
16
|
+
t.string "title"
|
17
|
+
t.integer "singers_id", limit: 8
|
18
|
+
t.index ["singers_id"], name: "index_albums_on_singers_id", order: { singers_id: :asc }
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
create_table "singers", force: :cascade do |t|
|
22
|
+
t.string "first_name"
|
23
|
+
t.string "last_name"
|
24
|
+
end
|
25
|
+
|
26
|
+
create_table "tracks", force: :cascade do |t|
|
27
|
+
t.string "title"
|
28
|
+
t.decimal "duration"
|
29
|
+
t.integer "albums_id", limit: 8
|
30
|
+
t.index ["albums_id"], name: "index_tracks_on_albums_id", order: { albums_id: :asc }
|
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|
+
end
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+
|
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+
end
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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
|
1
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+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
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2
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+
#
|
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+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
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+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
class Album < ActiveRecord::Base
|
8
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+
belongs_to :singer
|
9
|
+
has_many :tracks
|
10
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
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+
#
|
3
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+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
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+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
class Singer < ActiveRecord::Base
|
8
|
+
has_many :albums
|
9
|
+
has_many :tracks, through: :albums
|
10
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Sample - Mutations
|
2
|
+
|
3
|
+
Writing data to a Cloud Spanner database can be done using two different features:
|
4
|
+
* Data Modification Language (DML)
|
5
|
+
* Mutations
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
Changes that are written using DML can be read back during the same read/write transaction. Changes that are
|
8
|
+
written using Mutations are however buffered locally in the client and only sent to Cloud Spanner when the
|
9
|
+
transaction is committed. Mutations are therefore not readable during the same read/write transaction. The
|
10
|
+
Spanner ActiveRecord adapter will use DML by default when modifications are made during a read/write transaction.
|
11
|
+
Mutations can however be executed more efficiently by Cloud Spanner, which can significantly reduce the execution
|
12
|
+
time for read/write transactions that modify a large number of records. The Spanner ActiveRecord adapter will
|
13
|
+
therefore use Mutations in the following cases:
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
1. No explicit transaction block: When entities are modified outside of an explicit transaction block, ActiveRecord
|
16
|
+
will automatically create an implicit transaction and save the data to the database. This means that the data can
|
17
|
+
never be read back during the same transaction. The Spanner ActiveRecord adapter recognizes this situation and
|
18
|
+
automatically switches to using Mutations for these transactions to optimize the execution speed.
|
19
|
+
2. Using a custom isolation level: The Spanner ActiveRecord adapter supports the custom isolation level
|
20
|
+
`:buffered_mutations` that will instruct the underlying Spanner transaction to use Mutations instead
|
21
|
+
of DML for all data operations in the transaction that can be executed using Mutations. Transactions with this
|
22
|
+
isolation level do not support read-your-writes.
|
23
|
+
|
24
|
+
This sample shows how to use the `:buffered_mutations` isolation level to instruct the Spanner ActiveRecord
|
25
|
+
adapter to use mutations instead of DML during a transaction.
|
26
|
+
|
27
|
+
The sample will automatically start a Spanner Emulator in a docker container and execute the sample
|
28
|
+
against that emulator. The emulator will automatically be stopped when the application finishes.
|
29
|
+
|
30
|
+
Run the application with the command
|
31
|
+
|
32
|
+
```bash
|
33
|
+
bundle exec rake run
|
34
|
+
```
|
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
require_relative "../config/environment"
|
8
|
+
require "sinatra/activerecord/rake"
|
9
|
+
|
10
|
+
desc "Sample showing how to execute a read/write transaction using Mutations instead of DML with ActiveRecord."
|
11
|
+
task :run do
|
12
|
+
Dir.chdir("..") { sh "bundle exec rake run[mutations]" }
|
13
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
require "io/console"
|
8
|
+
require_relative "../config/environment"
|
9
|
+
require_relative "models/singer"
|
10
|
+
require_relative "models/album"
|
11
|
+
|
12
|
+
class Application
|
13
|
+
def self.run # rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
|
14
|
+
from_album = nil
|
15
|
+
to_album = nil
|
16
|
+
# This transaction uses Mutations instead of DML. That means that any data changes are not readable during
|
17
|
+
# the transaction itself, as the mutations are buffered locally in the client and only sent to Spanner
|
18
|
+
# when the transaction is committed.
|
19
|
+
ActiveRecord::Base.transaction isolation: :buffered_mutations do
|
20
|
+
# Transfer a marketing budget of 10,000 from one album to another.
|
21
|
+
from_album = Album.all.sample
|
22
|
+
to_album = Album.where.not(id: from_album.id).sample
|
23
|
+
|
24
|
+
puts ""
|
25
|
+
puts "Transferring 10,000 marketing budget from #{from_album.title} (#{from_album.marketing_budget}) "\
|
26
|
+
"to #{to_album.title} (#{to_album.marketing_budget})"
|
27
|
+
from_album.update marketing_budget: from_album.marketing_budget - 10000
|
28
|
+
to_album.update marketing_budget: to_album.marketing_budget + 10000
|
29
|
+
|
30
|
+
# The above change is not sent to the database before the transaction is committed.
|
31
|
+
puts ""
|
32
|
+
puts "Budgets before commit:"
|
33
|
+
puts "Marketing budget #{from_album.title}: #{from_album.reload.marketing_budget}"
|
34
|
+
puts "Marketing budget #{to_album.title}: #{to_album.reload.marketing_budget}"
|
35
|
+
end
|
36
|
+
puts ""
|
37
|
+
puts "Budgets after commit:"
|
38
|
+
puts "Marketing budget #{from_album.title}: #{from_album.reload.marketing_budget}"
|
39
|
+
puts "Marketing budget #{to_album.title}: #{to_album.reload.marketing_budget}"
|
40
|
+
|
41
|
+
puts ""
|
42
|
+
puts "Press any key to end the application"
|
43
|
+
STDIN.getch
|
44
|
+
end
|
45
|
+
end
|
46
|
+
|
47
|
+
Application.run
|
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# Copyright 2021 Google LLC
|
2
|
+
#
|
3
|
+
# Use of this source code is governed by an MIT-style
|
4
|
+
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file or at
|
5
|
+
# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT.
|
6
|
+
|
7
|
+
class CreateTables < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
|
8
|
+
def change
|
9
|
+
connection.ddl_batch do
|
10
|
+
create_table :singers do |t|
|
11
|
+
t.string :first_name
|
12
|
+
t.string :last_name
|
13
|
+
end
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
create_table :albums do |t|
|
16
|
+
t.string :title
|
17
|
+
t.numeric :marketing_budget
|
18
|
+
t.references :singer, index: false, foreign_key: true
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
end
|
21
|
+
end
|
22
|
+
end
|
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
|
|
1
|
+
# This file is auto-generated from the current state of the database. Instead
|
2
|
+
# of editing this file, please use the migrations feature of Active Record to
|
3
|
+
# incrementally modify your database, and then regenerate this schema definition.
|
4
|
+
#
|
5
|
+
# This file is the source Rails uses to define your schema when running `rails
|
6
|
+
# db:schema:load`. When creating a new database, `rails db:schema:load` tends to
|
7
|
+
# be faster and is potentially less error prone than running all of your
|
8
|
+
# migrations from scratch. Old migrations may fail to apply correctly if those
|
9
|
+
# migrations use external dependencies or application code.
|
10
|
+
#
|
11
|
+
# It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
|
12
|
+
|
13
|
+
ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 1) do
|
14
|
+
|
15
|
+
create_table "albums", force: :cascade do |t|
|
16
|
+
t.string "title"
|
17
|
+
t.decimal "marketing_budget"
|
18
|
+
t.integer "singer_id", limit: 8
|
19
|
+
end
|
20
|
+
|
21
|
+
create_table "singers", force: :cascade do |t|
|
22
|
+
t.string "first_name"
|
23
|
+
t.string "last_name"
|
24
|
+
end
|
25
|
+
|
26
|
+
add_foreign_key "albums", "singers"
|
27
|
+
end
|