activerecord-spanner-adapter 0.1.0

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data/.gitignore

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+/.bundle/
+/.yardoc
+/Gemfile.lock
+/_yardoc/
+/coverage/
+/doc/
+/pkg/
+/spec/reports/
+/tmp/

data/.gitmodules

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+[submodule "gcloud-ruby"]
+	path = vendor/gcloud-ruby
+	url = https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/google-cloud-ruby

data/.travis.yml

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+sudo: false
+language: ruby
+rvm:
+  - 2.3.3
+before_install: gem install bundler -v 1.14.4

data/Gemfile

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+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+# Specify your gem's dependencies in activerecord-spanner-adapter.gemspec
+gemspec
+
+gem 'google-cloud-spanner', path: 'vendor/gcloud-ruby/google-cloud-spanner'
+gem 'pry'
+gem 'pry-byebug'

data/LICENSE

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+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2017 Supership Inc.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

data/README.md

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+# ActiveRecord Spanner adapter
+
+The [Cloud Spanner](https://cloud.google.com/spanner/) adapter for ActiveRecord.
+
+## Status
+Proof of concept.
+You cannot expect that this gem is ready for production use -- many features are not supported.
+
+## Installation
+
+Add this line to your application's Gemfile:
+
+```ruby
+gem 'activerecord-spanner-adapter',
+  git: 'https://github.com/supership-jp/activerecord-spanner-adapter.git'
+```
+
+And then execute:
+
+    $ bundle
+
+Or install it yourself as:
+
+    $ gem install activerecord-spanner-adapter
+
+## Usage
+
+Add a configuration like this into your `database.yml`.
+
+```yaml
+default:
+  adapter: spanner
+  project: your-gcp-project-name
+  instance: your-spanner-instance-name
+  database: your-spanner-database-name
+  keyfile: path/to/serivce-account-credential.json
+```
+
+*NOTE*: This adapter uses UUIDs as primary keys by default unlike other adapters.
+This is because monotonically increasing primary key restricts write performance in Spanner.
+
+c.f. https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/best-practices
+
+
+## Development
+
+After checking out the repo, run `bin/setup` to install dependencies. Then, run `rake test` to run the tests. You can also run `bin/console` for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.
+
+To install this gem onto your local machine, run `bundle exec rake install`. To release a new version, update the version number in `version.rb`, and then run `bundle exec rake release`, which will create a git tag for the version, push git commits and tags, and push the `.gem` file to [rubygems.org](https://rubygems.org).
+
+## Contributing
+
+Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/supership-jp/activerecord-spanner-adapter.
+
+## License
+Copyright (c) 2017 Supership Inc.
+
+Licensed under MIT license.
+

data/Rakefile

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+require "bundler/gem_tasks"
+require "rake/testtask"
+
+Rake::TestTask.new(:test) do |t|
+  t.libs << "test"
+  t.libs << "lib"
+  t.test_files = FileList['test/**/*_test.rb']
+end
+
+task :default => :test

data/activerecord-spanner-adapter.gemspec

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+# coding: utf-8
+lib = File.expand_path('../lib', __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+require 'activerecord-spanner-adapter/version'
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = "activerecord-spanner-adapter"
+  spec.version       = ActiveRecordSpannerAdapter::VERSION
+  spec.authors       = ["Yuki Yugui Sonoda"]
+  spec.email         = ["yuki.sonoda@supership.jp"]
+
+  spec.summary       = %q{Adapts Google Cloud Spanner to ActiveRecord}
+  spec.description   = %q{Connection Adapter of Google Cloud Spanner to ActiveRecord O/R mapper library}
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/supership-jp/activerecord-spanner-adapter"
+
+  spec.files         = `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject do |f|
+    f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/})
+  end
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+
+  spec.add_dependency 'activerecord', "~> 5.0"
+  spec.add_dependency 'google-cloud-spanner'
+  spec.add_dependency 'google-gax', '~> 0.8'
+  spec.add_development_dependency "bundler", "~> 1.14"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "rake", "~> 10.0"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "minitest", "~> 5.0"
+end

data/bin/console

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+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require "bundler/setup"
+require "activerecord/spanner/adapter"
+
+# You can add fixtures and/or initialization code here to make experimenting
+# with your gem easier. You can also use a different console, if you like.
+
+# (If you use this, don't forget to add pry to your Gemfile!)
+# require "pry"
+# Pry.start
+
+require "irb"
+IRB.start(__FILE__)

data/bin/setup

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+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+IFS=$'\n\t'
+set -vx
+
+bundle install
+
+# Do any other automated setup that you need to do here

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner.rb

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+require "active_record"
+require "active_record/connection_adapters/spanner_adapter"
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    module Spanner
+      include ActiveRecordSpannerAdapter
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/database_statements.rb

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+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    module Spanner
+      module DatabaseStatements
+        include ConnectionAdapters::DatabaseStatements
+
+        class QueryVisitor < ::Arel::Visitors::ToSql
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_BindParam(o, collector)
+            collector.add_bind(o) {|bind_idx| "@p#{bind_idx}" }
+          end
+        end
+
+        # A mixin which provides ways to resolve rvalues.
+        module RightValueResolveable
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_BindParam(o)
+            binds.shift
+          end
+
+          def visit_Array(o)
+            o.map {|item| accept(item) }
+          end
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_Casted(o)
+            a = o.attribute
+            if a.able_to_type_cast?
+              a.type_cast_for_database(o.val)
+            else
+              o.val
+            end
+          end
+
+          private
+          # To be overridden
+          def binds
+            raise NotImplementedError
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Converts ASTs of INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statements into forms
+        # convenient for DatabaseStatements#insert, #update and #delete.
+        class MutationVisitor < ::Arel::Visitors::Visitor
+          include RightValueResolveable
+
+          def initialize(schema_reader, binds)
+            super()
+            @schema_reader = schema_reader
+            @binds = binds
+          end
+
+          attr_reader :binds
+          private :binds
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_InsertStatement(o)
+            raise NotImplementedError, 'INSERT INTO SELECT statement is not supported' if o.select
+            table = o.relation.name
+            columns = if o.columns.any?
+                        o.columns.map(&:name)
+                      else
+                        columns(table).map(&:name)
+                      end
+            values = o.values ? accept(o.values) : []
+
+            [table, columns, values]
+          end
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_UpdateStatement(o)
+            table = o.relation.name
+            values = accept(o.values)
+            pk = @schema_reader.primary_key(table)
+
+            unless o.orders.empty? and o.limit.nil? and o.wheres.size == 1
+              raise NotImplementedError, 'UPDATE statements with ORDER, LIMIT or complex WHERE clause'
+            end
+
+            ids = WhereVisitor.new(o.relation, pk, binds).accept(o.wheres[0])
+            raise NotImplementedError 'UPDATE statements with complex WHERE clause' unless ids
+
+            [table, ids, values]
+          end
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_DeleteStatement(o)
+            table = o.relation.name
+
+            # fallback_result lets the caller query the target id set at first and then
+            # delete the ids.
+            fallback_result = [table, nil, o.wheres]
+
+            case o.wheres.size
+            when 0
+              return [table, :all]
+            when 1
+              # it might be a simple "id = ?". Let's check later
+            else
+              return fallback_result
+            end
+
+            pk = @schema_reader.primary_key(table)
+            ids = WhereVisitor.new(o.relation, pk, binds).accept(o.wheres[0])
+
+            if ids
+              return [table, ids]
+            else
+              return fallback_result
+            end
+          end
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_Values o
+            o.expressions.map.with_index do |value|
+              case value
+              when ::Arel::Nodes::SqlLiteral
+                raise NotImplementedError, "mutation with SQL literal is not supported"
+              else
+                accept(value)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_Assignment(o)
+            [accept(o.left), accept(o.right)]
+          end
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_UnqualifiedColumn(o)
+            o.name
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Tries to convert where clause into a set of ids if it is simple enough.
+        # Returns nil if the clause is not simple.
+        class WhereVisitor < ::Arel::Visitors::Visitor
+          include RightValueResolveable
+
+          NOT_SIMPLE = nil
+
+          def initialize(relation, pk, binds)
+            super()
+            @relation = relation
+            @pk = pk
+            @binds = binds
+          end
+
+          attr_reader :binds
+          private :binds
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_And(o)
+            if o.children.size == 1
+              accept(o.left)
+            else
+              NOT_SIMPLE
+            end
+          end
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_Equality(o)
+            if pk_cond?(o)
+              [accept(o.right)]
+            else
+              NOT_SIMPLE
+            end
+          end
+
+          def visit_Arel_Nodes_In(o)
+            return nil unless pk_cond?(o)
+
+            if o.kind_of?(Array) and o.empty?
+              []
+            else
+              accept(o.right)
+            end
+          end
+
+          def unsupported(o)
+            return NOT_SIMPLE
+          end
+
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_Grouping unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_NotIn unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_Or unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_NotEqual unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_Case unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_Between unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_GreaterThanOrEqual unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_GreaterThan unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_LessThanOrEqual unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_LessThan unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_Matches unsupported
+          alias visit_Arel_Nodes_DoesNotMatch unsupported
+
+          private
+          def pk_cond?(o)
+            o.left.kind_of?(Arel::Attributes::Attribute) &&
+              o.left.relation == @relation &&
+              o.left.name == @pk
+          end
+        end
+
+        def insert(arel, name = nil, pk = nil, id_value = nil, sequence_name = nil, binds = [])
+          raise NotImplementedError, "INSERT in raw SQL is not supported" unless arel.respond_to?(:ast)
+
+          type_casted_binds = binds.map {|attr| type_cast(attr.value_for_database) }
+          table, columns, values = MutationVisitor.new(self, type_casted_binds).accept(arel.ast)
+          fake_sql = <<~"SQL"
+            INSERT INTO #{table}(#{columns.join(", ")}) VALUES (#{values.join(", ")})
+          SQL
+
+          row = columns.zip(values).inject({}) {|out, (col, value)|
+            out[col] = value
+            out
+          }
+
+          log(fake_sql, name) do
+            session.commit do |c|
+              c.insert table, row
+            end
+          end
+
+          id_value
+        end
+
+        def update(arel, name = nil, binds = [])
+          raise NotImplementedError, "DELETE in raw SQL is not supported" unless arel.respond_to?(:ast)
+
+          type_casted_binds = binds.map {|attr| type_cast(attr.value_for_database) }
+          table, target, values = MutationVisitor.new(self, type_casted_binds.dup).accept(arel.ast)
+
+          fake_set = values.map {|col, val|
+            "#{quote_column_name(col)} = #{quote(val)}"
+          }.join(', ')
+
+          pk = primary_key(table)
+          if target.size > 1
+            fake_sql = "UPDATE #{quote_column_name(table)} SET #{fake_set} WHERE #{pk} IN ?"
+          else
+            fake_sql = "UPDATE #{quote_column_name(table)} SET #{fake_set} WHERE #{pk} = ?"
+          end
+
+          row = values.inject({}) {|r, (col, val)| r[col] = val; r }
+          rows = target.map {|id| row.merge(pk => id) }
+
+          log(fake_sql, name, binds) do
+            session.commit do |c|
+              c.update(table, rows)
+            end
+          end
+
+          true
+        end
+
+        def delete(arel, name, binds)
+          raise NotImplementedError, "DELETE in raw SQL is not supported" unless arel.respond_to?(:ast)
+
+          type_casted_binds = binds.map {|attr| type_cast(attr.value_for_database) }
+          table, target, wheres = MutationVisitor.new(self, type_casted_binds.dup).accept(arel.ast)
+
+          # TODO(yugui) Support composite primary key?
+          pk = primary_key(table)
+          if target.nil?
+            where_clause = visitor.accept(wheres, collector).compile(binds.dup, self)
+            # TODO(yugui) keep consistency with transaction
+            target = select_values(<<~"SQL", name, binds)
+              SELECT #{quote_column_name(pk)} FROM #{quote_table_name(table)} WHERE #{where_clause}
+            SQL
+          end
+
+          if target == :all
+            keyset = []
+            fake_sql = "DELETE FROM #{quote_column_name(table)}"
+          elsif target.size > 1
+            fake_sql = "DELETE FROM #{quote_column_name(table)} WHERE (primary-key) IN ?"
+            keyset = target
+          else
+            fake_sql = "DELETE FROM #{quote_column_name(table)} WHERE (primary-key) = ?"
+            keyset = target
+          end
+
+          log(fake_sql, name, binds) do
+            session.commit do |c|
+              c.delete(table, keyset)
+            end
+          end
+
+          keyset.size
+        end
+
+        def execute(stmt)
+          case stmt
+          when Spanner::DDL
+            execute_ddl(stmt)
+          else
+            super(stmt)
+          end
+        end
+
+        def exec_query(sql, name = 'SQL', binds = [], prepare: :ignored)
+          case
+          when binds.kind_of?(Hash)
+            spanner_binds = binds
+            binds = binds.values
+          when binds.respond_to?(:to_hash)
+            spanner_binds = binds.to_hash
+            binds = spanner_binds.values
+          else
+            spanner_binds = binds.each_with_index.inject({}) {|b, (attr, i)|
+              b["p#{i+1}"] = type_cast(attr.value_for_database)
+              b
+            }
+          end
+
+          log(sql, name, binds) do
+            results = session.execute(sql, params: spanner_binds, streaming: false) 
+            columns = results.types.map(&:first)
+            rows = results.rows.map {|row|
+              columns.map {|col| row[col] }
+            }
+            ActiveRecord::Result.new(columns.map(&:to_s), rows)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/quoting.rb

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+# -*- frozen_string_literal: true -*-
+require 'json'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    module Spanner
+      module Quoting
+        IDENTIFIERS_PATTERN = /\A[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\z/
+
+        def quote_identifier(name)
+          # https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/data-definition-language?hl=ja#ddl_syntax
+          # raise ArgumentError, "invalid table name #{name}" unless IDENTIFIERS_PATTERN =~ name
+          "`#{name}`"
+        end
+
+        alias quote_table_name quote_identifier
+        alias quote_column_name quote_identifier
+
+        private
+        def _type_cast(value)
+          # NOTE: Spanner APIs are strongly typed unlike typical SQL interfaces.
+          # So we don't want to serialize the value into string unlike other adapters.
+          case value
+          when Symbol, ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars, Type::Binary::Data
+            value.to_s
+          else
+            value
+          end
+        end
+
+        def _quote(value)
+          case value
+          when Symbol, String, ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars, Type::Binary::Data
+            quote_string(value.to_s)
+          when true
+            quoted_true
+          when false
+            quoted_false
+          when nil
+            'NULL'
+          when Numeric, ActiveSupport::Duration
+            value.to_s
+          when Type::Time::Value
+            %Q["#{quoted_time(value)}"]
+          when Date, Time
+            %Q["#{quoted_date(value)}"]
+          else
+            raise TypeError, "can't quote #{value.class.name}"
+          end
+        end
+
+        def quote_string(value)
+          # Not sure but string-escape syntax in SELECT statements in Spanner
+          # looks to be the one in JSON by observation.
+          JSON.generate(value)
+        end
+
+        def quoted_true
+          'true'
+        end
+
+        def quoted_false
+          'false'
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_creation.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    module Spanner
+      class DDL < String; end
+
+      class SchemaCreation < AbstractAdapter::SchemaCreation
+        def visit_TableDefinition(o)
+          pk = o.columns.find {|c| c.type == :primary_key }
+          ddl = "#{super} PRIMARY KEY (#{quote_column_name(pk.name)})"
+          DDL.new(ddl)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_statements.rb

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+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    module Spanner
+      module SchemaStatements
+        include ConnectionAdapters::SchemaStatements
+
+        NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES = {
+          primary_key: 'STRING(36)',
+          string:      { name: 'STRING', limit: 255 },
+          text:        { name: 'STRING', limit: 'MAX' },
+          integer:     { name: 'INT64' },
+          float:       { name: 'FLOAT64' },
+          datetime:    { name: 'TIMESTAMP' },
+          date:        { name: 'DATE' },
+          binary:      { name: 'BYTES', limit: 'MAX' },
+          boolean:     { name: 'BOOL' },
+        }
+
+        def native_database_types  # :nodoc:
+          NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES
+        end
+
+        def tables
+          # https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/information-schema
+          select_values(<<-SQL, 'SCHEMA')
+            SELECT
+              t.table_name
+            FROM
+              information_schema.tables AS t
+            WHERE
+              t.table_catalog = '' AND t.table_schema = ''
+          SQL
+        end
+
+        def views
+          []
+        end
+
+        def indexes(table, name = :ignored)
+          params = {table: table}
+          results = exec_query(<<-"SQL", 'SCHEMA', params, prepare: false)
+            SELECT
+              idx.index_name,
+              idx.index_type,
+              idx.parent_table_name,
+              idx.is_unique,
+              idx.is_null_filtered
+            FROM
+              information_schema.indexes AS idx
+            WHERE
+              idx.table_catalog = '' AND
+              idx.table_schema = '' AND
+              idx.table_name = @table
+          SQL
+
+          results.map do |row|
+            col_params = { table: table, index: row['index_name'] }
+            col_results = exec_query(<<-"SQL", 'SCHEMA', col_params, prepare: false)
+              SELECT
+                col.column_name,
+                col.column_ordering
+              FROM
+                information_schema.index_columns AS col
+              WHERE
+                col.table_catalog = '' AND
+                col.table_schema = '' AND
+                col.table_name = @table AND
+                col.index_name = @index
+              ORDER BY
+                col.ordinal_position
+            SQL
+
+            IndexDefinition.new(
+              table,
+              row['index_name'],
+              row['is_unique'],
+              col_results.map {|row| row['column_name'] },
+              nil,  # length
+              col_results.map {|row| row['column_ordering'] },
+              nil,  # where
+              row['index_type'],
+            )
+          end
+        end
+
+        def columns(table)
+          params = {table: table}
+          results = exec_query(<<-'SQL', 'SCHEMA', params, prepare: false)
+            SELECT
+              col.column_name,
+              col.column_default,
+              col.is_nullable,
+              col.spanner_type
+            FROM
+              information_schema.columns AS col
+            WHERE
+              col.table_catalog = '' AND
+              col.table_schema = '' AND
+              col.table_name = @table
+            ORDER BY
+              col.ordinal_position
+          SQL
+
+          results.map do |row|
+            Column.new(
+              row['column_name'],
+              row['column_default'],
+              fetch_type_metadata(row['spanner_type']),
+              row['is_nullable'],
+              table,
+            )
+          end
+        end
+
+        def primary_keys(table_name)  # :nodoc:
+          indexes(table_name).find {|index|
+            index.type == 'PRIMARY_KEY'
+          }.columns
+        end
+
+        def create_database(name, instance_id: nil, statements: [])
+          service = instance.service
+          job = service.create_database(instance_id || instance.instance_id, name,
+                                        statements: statements)
+          job.wait_until_done! unless job.done?
+          raise_on_error(job)
+        end
+
+        def drop_database(name, instance_id: nil)
+          service = instance.service
+          service.drop_database(instance_id || instance.instance_id, name)
+        end
+
+        def drop_table(name, options = {})
+          raise NotImplementedError, 'if_exists in drop_table' if options[:if_exists]
+          raise NotImplementedError, 'force in drop_table' if options[:force]
+
+          ddls = indexes(name).select {|index|
+            index.type != 'PRIMARY_KEY'
+          }.map {|index|
+            "DROP INDEX #{index.name}"
+          }
+
+          ddls << "DROP TABLE #{quote_table_name(name)}"
+          execute_ddl(*ddls)
+        end
+
+        def add_index(table_name, column_name, options = {})
+          index_name, index_type, index_columns, index_options = add_index_options(table_name, column_name, options)
+          execute_ddl(<<-"SQL")
+            CREATE #{index_type} INDEX
+              #{quote_column_name(index_name)}
+            ON
+              #{quote_table_name(table_name)} (#{index_columns})
+              #{index_options}
+          SQL
+        end
+
+        def execute_ddl(*ddls)
+          log(ddls.join(";\n"), 'SCHEMA') do
+            job = database.update(statements: ddls.map(&:to_str))
+            job.wait_until_done! unless job.done?
+            raise_on_error(job.grpc)
+          end
+        end
+
+        private
+        def raise_on_error(job)
+          raise Google::Cloud::Error.from_error(job.error) if job.error?
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner_adapter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+require 'google/cloud/spanner'
+
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/database_statements'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_creation'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_statements'
+require 'active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/quoting'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionHandling
+    def spanner_connection(config)
+      ConnectionAdapters::SpannerAdapter.new(nil, logger, config)
+    end
+  end
+
+  module ConnectionAdapters
+    # A Google Cloud Spanner adapter
+    #
+    # Options:
+    # - project
+    class SpannerAdapter < AbstractAdapter
+      ADAPTER_NAME = 'Spanner'.freeze
+      CLIENT_PARAMS = [:project, :keyfile, :scope, :timeout, :client_config].freeze
+      ADAPTER_OPTS = (CLIENT_PARAMS + [:instance, :database]).freeze
+
+      include Spanner::SchemaStatements
+      include Spanner::DatabaseStatements
+      include Spanner::Quoting
+
+      def initialize(connection, logger, config)
+        super(connection, logger, config)
+        conn_params = config.symbolize_keys.slice(*ADAPTER_OPTS)
+        connect(conn_params)
+      end
+
+      def schema_creation # :nodoc:
+        Spanner::SchemaCreation.new self
+      end
+
+      def arel_visitor
+        QueryVisitor.new(self)
+      end
+
+      def active?
+        !!@client
+        # TODO(yugui) Check db.service.channel.connectivity_state once it is fixed?
+      end
+
+      def connect(params)
+        client_params = params.slice(*CLIENT_PARAMS)
+        @client = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new(**client_params)
+        @instance_id = params[:instance]
+        @database_id = params[:database]
+      end
+
+      def disconnect!
+        invalidate_session
+      end
+
+      def prefetch_primary_key?(table_name = nil)
+        true
+      end
+
+      def next_sequence_value(table_name = nil)
+        require 'securerandom'
+        SecureRandom.uuid
+      end
+
+      private
+      attr_reader :client
+
+      def initialize_type_map(m) # :nodoc:
+        register_class_with_limit m, %r(STRING)i, Type::String
+        register_class_with_limit m, %r(BYTES)i, Type::Binary
+        m.register_type %r[STRING(MAX)]i, Type::Text.new(limit: 10 * 1024**2)
+        m.register_type %r[BYTES(MAX)]i, Type::Binary.new(limit: 10 * 1024**2)
+        m.register_type %r[BOOL]i, Type::Boolean.new
+        m.register_type %r[INT64]i, Type::Integer.new(limit: 8)
+        m.register_type %r[FLOAT64]i, Type::Float.new(limit: 53)
+        m.register_type %r[DATE]i, Type::Date.new
+        m.register_type %r[TIMESTAMP]i, Type::DateTime.new
+        # TODO(yugui) Support array and struct
+      end
+
+
+      def instance
+        @instance ||= client.instance(@instance_id)
+        raise ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError unless @instance
+
+        @instance
+      end
+
+      def database
+        return @db if @db
+
+        @db = instance.database(@database_id)
+        raise ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError unless @db
+        raise ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished,
+          "database #{@db.database_path} is not ready" unless @db.ready?
+
+        @db
+      end
+
+      def session
+        @session ||= database.session
+      end
+
+      def invalidate_session
+        @session&.delete_session
+        @session = nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+

data/lib/activerecord-spanner-adapter/version.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module ActiveRecordSpannerAdapter
+  VERSION = "0.1.0"
+end

metadata

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
+name: activerecord-spanner-adapter
+version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+  version: 0.1.0
+platform: ruby
+authors:
+- Yuki Yugui Sonoda
+autorequire: 
+bindir: bin
+cert_chain: []
+date: 2017-03-09 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+dependencies:
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: activerecord
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.0'
+  type: :runtime
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: google-cloud-spanner
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - ">="
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0'
+  type: :runtime
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - ">="
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: google-gax
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.8'
+  type: :runtime
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '0.8'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: bundler
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '1.14'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '1.14'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: rake
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '10.0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '10.0'
+- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
+  name: minitest
+  requirement: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.0'
+  type: :development
+  prerelease: false
+  version_requirements: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+    requirements:
+    - - "~>"
+      - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+        version: '5.0'
+description: Connection Adapter of Google Cloud Spanner to ActiveRecord O/R mapper
+  library
+email:
+- yuki.sonoda@supership.jp
+executables: []
+extensions: []
+extra_rdoc_files: []
+files:
+- ".gitignore"
+- ".gitmodules"
+- ".travis.yml"
+- Gemfile
+- LICENSE
+- README.md
+- Rakefile
+- activerecord-spanner-adapter.gemspec
+- bin/console
+- bin/setup
+- lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner.rb
+- lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/database_statements.rb
+- lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/quoting.rb
+- lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_creation.rb
+- lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner/schema_statements.rb
+- lib/active_record/connection_adapters/spanner_adapter.rb
+- lib/activerecord-spanner-adapter/version.rb
+homepage: https://github.com/supership-jp/activerecord-spanner-adapter
+licenses: []
+metadata: {}
+post_install_message: 
+rdoc_options: []
+require_paths:
+- lib
+required_ruby_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+required_rubygems_version: !ruby/object:Gem::Requirement
+  requirements:
+  - - ">="
+    - !ruby/object:Gem::Version
+      version: '0'
+requirements: []
+rubyforge_project: 
+rubygems_version: 2.6.8
+signing_key: 
+specification_version: 4
+summary: Adapts Google Cloud Spanner to ActiveRecord
+test_files: []