activerecord-oracle_enhanced-adapter 7.2.1-java

data/spec/active_record/connection_adapters/oracle_enhanced/schema_statements_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1289 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+describe "OracleEnhancedAdapter schema definition" do
+  include SchemaSpecHelper
+  include LoggerSpecHelper
+
+  before(:all) do
+    ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection(CONNECTION_PARAMS)
+    @oracle11g_or_higher = !! !! ActiveRecord::Base.connection.select_value(
+      "select * from product_component_version where product like 'Oracle%' and to_number(substr(version,1,2)) >= 11")
+    @oracle12cr2_or_higher = !! !! ActiveRecord::Base.connection.select_value(
+      "select * from product_component_version where product like 'Oracle%' and to_number(substr(version,1,4)) >= 12.2")
+  end
+
+  describe "option to create sequence when adding a column" do
+    before do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :keyboards, force: true, id: false do |t|
+          t.string      :name
+        end
+        add_column :keyboards, :id, :primary_key
+      end
+      class ::Keyboard < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+    end
+
+    it "creates a sequence when adding a column with create_sequence = true" do
+      _, sequence_name = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.pk_and_sequence_for(:keyboards)
+
+      expect(sequence_name).to eq(Keyboard.sequence_name)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "table and sequence creation with non-default primary key" do
+    before(:all) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :keyboards, force: true, id: false do |t|
+          t.primary_key :key_number
+          t.string      :name
+        end
+        create_table :id_keyboards, force: true do |t|
+          t.string      :name
+        end
+      end
+      class ::Keyboard < ActiveRecord::Base
+        self.primary_key = :key_number
+      end
+      class ::IdKeyboard < ActiveRecord::Base
+      end
+    end
+
+    after(:all) do
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :keyboards
+        drop_table :id_keyboards
+      end
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "Keyboard")
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "IdKeyboard")
+      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+    end
+
+    it "should create sequence for non-default primary key" do
+      expect(ActiveRecord::Base.connection.next_sequence_value(Keyboard.sequence_name)).not_to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should create sequence for default primary key" do
+      expect(ActiveRecord::Base.connection.next_sequence_value(IdKeyboard.sequence_name)).not_to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "default sequence name" do
+    it "should return sequence name without truncating too much" do
+      seq_name_length = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.sequence_name_length
+      tname = "#{DATABASE_USER}" + "." + "a" * (seq_name_length - DATABASE_USER.length) + "z" * (DATABASE_USER).length
+      expect(ActiveRecord::Base.connection.default_sequence_name(tname)).to match (/z_seq$/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "sequence creation parameters" do
+    def create_test_employees_table(sequence_start_value = nil)
+      schema_define do
+        options = sequence_start_value ? { sequence_start_value: sequence_start_value } : {}
+        create_table :test_employees, **options do |t|
+          t.string      :first_name
+          t.string      :last_name
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def save_default_sequence_start_value
+      @saved_sequence_start_value = ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_sequence_start_value
+    end
+
+    def restore_default_sequence_start_value
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_sequence_start_value = @saved_sequence_start_value
+    end
+
+    before(:all) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+    end
+
+    before(:each) do
+      save_default_sequence_start_value
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      restore_default_sequence_start_value
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_employees
+      end
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestEmployee")
+      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+    end
+
+    it "should use default sequence start value 1" do
+      expect(ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_sequence_start_value).to eq(1)
+
+      create_test_employees_table
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+
+      employee = TestEmployee.create!
+      expect(employee.id).to eq(1)
+    end
+
+    it "should use specified default sequence start value" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_sequence_start_value = 10000
+
+      create_test_employees_table
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+
+      employee = TestEmployee.create!
+      expect(employee.id).to eq(10000)
+    end
+
+    it "should use sequence start value from table definition" do
+      create_test_employees_table(10)
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+
+      employee = TestEmployee.create!
+      expect(employee.id).to eq(10)
+    end
+
+    it "should use sequence start value and other options from table definition" do
+      create_test_employees_table("100 NOCACHE INCREMENT BY 10")
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+
+      employee = TestEmployee.create!
+      expect(employee.id).to eq(100)
+      employee = TestEmployee.create!
+      expect(employee.id).to eq(110)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "table and column comments" do
+    def create_test_employees_table(table_comment = nil, column_comments = {})
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_employees, comment: table_comment do |t|
+          t.string      :first_name, comment: column_comments[:first_name]
+          t.string      :last_name, comment: column_comments[:last_name]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    before(:all) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+    end
+
+    before(:each) do
+      @conn.clear_cache!
+      set_logger
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      clear_logger
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_employees
+      end
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestEmployee")
+      ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_prefix = ""
+      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+    end
+
+    it "should create table with table comment" do
+      table_comment = "Test Employees"
+      create_test_employees_table(table_comment)
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+      expect(@conn.table_comment("test_employees")).to eq(table_comment)
+    end
+
+    it "should create table with columns comment" do
+      column_comments = { first_name: "Given Name", last_name: "Surname" }
+      create_test_employees_table(nil, column_comments)
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+
+      [:first_name, :last_name].each do |attr|
+        expect(@conn.column_comment("test_employees", attr.to_s)).to eq(column_comments[attr])
+      end
+      [:first_name, :last_name].each do |attr|
+        expect(TestEmployee.columns_hash[attr.to_s].comment).to eq(column_comments[attr])
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should create table with table and columns comment and custom table name prefix" do
+      ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_prefix = "xxx_"
+      table_comment = "Test Employees"
+      column_comments = { first_name: "Given Name", last_name: "Surname" }
+      create_test_employees_table(table_comment, column_comments)
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+
+      expect(@conn.table_comment(TestEmployee.table_name)).to eq(table_comment)
+      [:first_name, :last_name].each do |attr|
+        expect(@conn.column_comment(TestEmployee.table_name, attr.to_s)).to eq(column_comments[attr])
+      end
+      [:first_name, :last_name].each do |attr|
+        expect(TestEmployee.columns_hash[attr.to_s].comment).to eq(column_comments[attr])
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should query table_comment using bind variables" do
+      table_comment = "Test Employees"
+      create_test_employees_table(table_comment)
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+      expect(@conn.table_comment(TestEmployee.table_name)).to eq(table_comment)
+      expect(@logger.logged(:debug).last).to match(/:table_name/)
+      expect(@logger.logged(:debug).last).to match(/\["table_name", "TEST_EMPLOYEES"\]\]/)
+    end
+
+    it "should query column_comment using bind variables" do
+      table_comment = "Test Employees"
+      column_comment = { first_name: "Given Name" }
+      create_test_employees_table(table_comment, column_comment)
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+      expect(@conn.column_comment(TestEmployee.table_name, :first_name)).to eq(column_comment[:first_name])
+      expect(@logger.logged(:debug).last).to match(/:table_name/)
+      expect(@logger.logged(:debug).last).to match(/:column_name/)
+      expect(@logger.logged(:debug).last).to match(/\["table_name", "TEST_EMPLOYEES"\], \["column_name", "FIRST_NAME"\]\]/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "drop tables" do
+    before(:each) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+    end
+
+    it "should drop table with :if_exists option no raise error" do
+      expect do
+        @conn.drop_table("nonexistent_table", if_exists: true)
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "rename tables and sequences" do
+    before(:each) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+      schema_define do
+        create_table  :test_employees, force: true do |t|
+          t.string    :first_name
+          t.string    :last_name
+        end
+
+        create_table  :test_employees_no_pkey, force: true, id: false do |t|
+          t.string    :first_name
+          t.string    :last_name
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_employees_no_primary_key, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :test_employees, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :new_test_employees, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :test_employees_no_pkey, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :new_test_employees_no_pkey, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa, if_exists: true
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should rename table name with new one" do
+      expect do
+        @conn.rename_table("test_employees", "new_test_employees")
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+
+    it "should raise error when new table name length is too long" do
+      expect do
+        @conn.rename_table("test_employees", "a" * 31)
+      end.to raise_error(ArgumentError)
+    end
+
+    it "should not raise error when new sequence name length is too long" do
+      expect do
+        @conn.rename_table("test_employees", "a" * 27)
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+
+    it "should rename table when table has no primary key and sequence" do
+      expect do
+        @conn.rename_table("test_employees_no_pkey", "new_test_employees_no_pkey")
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "add index" do
+    before(:all) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+    end
+
+    it "should return default index name if it is not larger than 30 characters" do
+      expect(@conn.index_name("employees", column: "first_name")).to eq("index_employees_on_first_name")
+    end
+
+    it "should return shortened index name by removing 'index', 'on' and 'and' keywords" do
+      if @oracle12cr2_or_higher
+        expect(@conn.index_name("employees", column: ["first_name", "email"])).to eq("index_employees_on_first_name_and_email")
+      else
+        expect(@conn.index_name("employees", column: ["first_name", "email"])).to eq("i_employees_first_name_email")
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should return shortened index name by shortening table and column names" do
+      if @oracle12cr2_or_higher
+        expect(@conn.index_name("employees", column: ["first_name", "last_name"])).to eq("index_employees_on_first_name_and_last_name")
+      else
+        expect(@conn.index_name("employees", column: ["first_name", "last_name"])).to eq("i_emp_fir_nam_las_nam")
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should raise error if too large index name cannot be shortened" do
+      if @oracle12cr2_or_higher
+        expect(@conn.index_name("test_employees", column: ["first_name", "middle_name", "last_name"])).to eq(
+          ("index_test_employees_on_first_name_and_middle_name_and_last_name"))
+      else
+        expect(@conn.index_name("test_employees", column: ["first_name", "middle_name", "last_name"])).to eq(
+          "i" + OpenSSL::Digest::SHA1.hexdigest("index_test_employees_on_first_name_and_middle_name_and_last_name")[0, 29]
+        )
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "rename index" do
+  before(:each) do
+    @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+    schema_define do
+      create_table  :test_employees do |t|
+        t.string    :first_name
+        t.string    :last_name
+      end
+      add_index :test_employees, :first_name
+    end
+    class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+  end
+
+  after(:each) do
+    schema_define do
+      drop_table :test_employees
+    end
+    Object.send(:remove_const, "TestEmployee")
+    ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+  end
+
+  it "should raise error when current index name and new index name are identical" do
+    expect do
+      @conn.rename_index("test_employees", "i_test_employees_first_name", "i_test_employees_first_name")
+    end.to raise_error(ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid)
+  end
+
+  it "should raise error when new index name length is too long" do
+    skip if @oracle12cr2_or_higher
+    expect do
+      @conn.rename_index("test_employees", "i_test_employees_first_name", "a" * 31)
+    end.to raise_error(ArgumentError)
+  end
+
+  it "should raise error when current index name does not exist" do
+    expect do
+      @conn.rename_index("test_employees", "nonexist_index_name", "new_index_name")
+    end.to raise_error(ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid)
+  end
+
+  it "should rename index name with new one" do
+    skip if @oracle12cr2_or_higher
+    expect do
+      @conn.rename_index("test_employees", "i_test_employees_first_name", "new_index_name")
+    end.not_to raise_error
+  end
+end
+
+  describe "add timestamps" do
+    before(:each) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_employees, force: true
+      end
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_employees, if_exists: true
+      end
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestEmployee")
+      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+    end
+
+    it "should add created_at and updated_at" do
+      expect do
+        @conn.add_timestamps("test_employees")
+      end.not_to raise_error
+
+      TestEmployee.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestEmployee.columns_hash["created_at"]).not_to be_nil
+      expect(TestEmployee.columns_hash["updated_at"]).not_to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "ignore options for LOB columns" do
+    after(:each) do
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_posts
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should ignore :limit option for :text column" do
+      expect do
+        schema_define do
+          create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+            t.text :body, limit: 10000
+          end
+        end
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+
+    it "should ignore :limit option for :binary column" do
+      expect do
+        schema_define do
+          create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+            t.binary :picture, limit: 10000
+          end
+        end
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "foreign key constraints" do
+    let(:table_name_prefix) { "" }
+    let(:table_name_suffix) { "" }
+
+    before(:each) do
+      ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_prefix = table_name_prefix
+      ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_suffix = table_name_suffix
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :title
+        end
+        create_table :test_comments, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :body, limit: 4000
+          t.references :test_post
+          t.integer :post_id
+        end
+      end
+      class ::TestPost < ActiveRecord::Base
+        has_many :test_comments
+      end
+      class ::TestComment < ActiveRecord::Base
+        belongs_to :test_post
+      end
+      set_logger
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestPost")
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestComment")
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_comments, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :test_posts, if_exists: true
+      end
+      ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_prefix = ""
+      ActiveRecord::Base.table_name_suffix = ""
+      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+      clear_logger
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key" do
+      fk_name = "fk_rails_#{OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest("test_comments_test_post_id_fk").first(10)}"
+
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.to raise_error() { |e| expect(e.message).to match(/ORA-02291.*\.#{fk_name}/i) }
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key with name" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts, name: "comments_posts_fk"
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.to raise_error() { |e| expect(e.message).to match(/ORA-02291.*\.COMMENTS_POSTS_FK/) }
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key with column" do
+      fk_name = "fk_rails_#{OpenSSL::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest("test_comments_post_id_fk").first(10)}"
+
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts, column: "post_id"
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", post_id: 1)
+      end.to raise_error() { |e| expect(e.message).to match(/ORA-02291.*\.#{fk_name}/i) }
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key with delete dependency" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts, on_delete: :cascade
+      end
+      p = TestPost.create(title: "test")
+      c = TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post: p)
+      TestPost.delete(p.id)
+      expect(TestComment.find_by_id(c.id)).to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key with nullify dependency" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts, on_delete: :nullify
+      end
+      p = TestPost.create(title: "test")
+      c = TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post: p)
+      TestPost.delete(p.id)
+      expect(TestComment.find_by_id(c.id).test_post_id).to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should remove foreign key by table name" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts
+        remove_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+
+    it "should remove foreign key by constraint name" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts, name: "comments_posts_fk"
+        remove_foreign_key :test_comments, name: "comments_posts_fk"
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+
+    it "should remove foreign key by column name" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts
+        remove_foreign_key :test_comments, column: "test_post_id"
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+
+    it "should query foreign_keys using bind variables" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_foreign_key :test_comments, :test_posts
+      end
+      ActiveRecord::Base.connection.foreign_keys(:test_comments)
+      expect(@logger.logged(:debug).last).to match(/:desc_table_name/)
+      expect(@logger.logged(:debug).last).to match(/\["desc_table_name", "TEST_COMMENTS"\]\]/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "lob in table definition" do
+    before do
+      class ::TestPost < ActiveRecord::Base
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should use default tablespace for clobs" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:clob] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:nclob] = nil
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:blob] = nil
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+          t.text :test_clob
+          t.ntext :test_nclob
+          t.binary :test_blob
+        end
+      end
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_CLOB'")).to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_NCLOB'")).not_to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_BLOB'")).not_to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+    end
+
+    it "should use default tablespace for nclobs" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:nclob] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:clob] = nil
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:blob] = nil
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+          t.text :test_clob
+          t.ntext :test_nclob
+          t.binary :test_blob
+        end
+      end
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_NCLOB'")).to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_CLOB'")).not_to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_BLOB'")).not_to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+    end
+
+    it "should use default tablespace for blobs" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:blob] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:clob] = nil
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:nclob] = nil
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+          t.text :test_clob
+          t.ntext :test_nclob
+          t.binary :test_blob
+        end
+      end
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_BLOB'")).to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_CLOB'")).not_to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'TEST_NCLOB'")).not_to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+    end
+
+    after do
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestPost")
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_posts, if_exists: true
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "primary key in table definition" do
+    before do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+
+      class ::TestPost < ActiveRecord::Base
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should use default tablespace for primary key" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:index] = nil
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true
+      end
+
+      index_name = @conn.select_value(
+        "SELECT index_name FROM all_constraints
+            WHERE table_name = 'TEST_POSTS'
+            AND constraint_type = 'P'
+            AND owner = SYS_CONTEXT('userenv', 'current_schema')")
+
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_indexes WHERE index_name = '#{index_name}'")).to eq("USERS")
+    end
+
+    it "should use non default tablespace for primary key" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:index] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true
+      end
+
+      index_name = @conn.select_value(
+        "SELECT index_name FROM all_constraints
+            WHERE table_name = 'TEST_POSTS'
+            AND constraint_type = 'P'
+            AND owner = SYS_CONTEXT('userenv', 'current_schema')")
+
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_indexes WHERE index_name = '#{index_name}'")).to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+    end
+
+    after do
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestPost")
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_posts, if_exists: true
+      end
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:index] = nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "foreign key in table definition" do
+    before(:each) do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :title
+        end
+      end
+      class ::TestPost < ActiveRecord::Base
+        has_many :test_comments
+      end
+      class ::TestComment < ActiveRecord::Base
+        belongs_to :test_post
+      end
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestPost")
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestComment")
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_comments, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :test_posts, if_exists: true
+      end
+      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key in create_table" do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_comments, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :body, limit: 4000
+          t.references :test_post
+          t.foreign_key :test_posts
+        end
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.to raise_error() { |e| expect(e.message).to match(/ORA-02291/) }
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key in create_table references" do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_comments, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :body, limit: 4000
+          t.references :test_post, foreign_key: true
+        end
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.to raise_error() { |e| expect(e.message).to match(/ORA-02291/) }
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key in change_table" do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_comments, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :body, limit: 4000
+          t.references :test_post
+        end
+        change_table :test_comments do |t|
+          t.foreign_key :test_posts
+        end
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.to raise_error() { |e| expect(e.message).to match(/ORA-02291/) }
+    end
+
+    it "should add foreign key in change_table references" do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_comments, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :body, limit: 4000
+        end
+        change_table :test_comments do |t|
+          t.references :test_post, foreign_key: true
+        end
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestComment.create(body: "test", test_post_id: 1)
+      end.to raise_error() { |e| expect(e.message).to match(/ORA-02291/) }
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "disable referential integrity" do
+    before(:all) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+    end
+
+    before(:each) do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :title
+        end
+        create_table :test_comments, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :body, limit: 4000
+          t.references :test_post, foreign_key: true
+        end
+        create_table "test_Mixed_Comments", force: true do |t|
+          t.string :body, limit: 4000
+          t.references :test_post, foreign_key: true
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table "test_Mixed_Comments", if_exists: true
+        drop_table :test_comments, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :test_posts, if_exists: true
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should disable all foreign keys" do
+      expect do
+        @conn.execute "INSERT INTO test_comments (id, body, test_post_id) VALUES (1, 'test', 1)"
+      end.to raise_error(ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey)
+      @conn.disable_referential_integrity do
+        expect do
+          @conn.execute "INSERT INTO \"test_Mixed_Comments\" (id, body, test_post_id) VALUES (2, 'test', 2)"
+          @conn.execute "INSERT INTO test_comments (id, body, test_post_id) VALUES (2, 'test', 2)"
+          @conn.execute "INSERT INTO test_posts (id, title) VALUES (2, 'test')"
+        end.not_to raise_error
+      end
+      expect do
+        @conn.execute "INSERT INTO test_comments (id, body, test_post_id) VALUES (3, 'test', 3)"
+      end.to raise_error(ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "synonyms" do
+    before(:all) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+      @username = CONNECTION_PARAMS[:username]
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :title
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    after(:all) do
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :test_posts
+      end
+    end
+
+    before(:each) do
+      class ::TestPost < ActiveRecord::Base
+        self.table_name = "synonym_to_posts"
+      end
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestPost")
+      schema_define do
+        remove_synonym :synonym_to_posts
+        remove_synonym :synonym_to_posts_seq
+      end
+      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+    end
+
+    it "should create synonym to table and sequence" do
+      schema_name = @username
+      schema_define do
+        add_synonym :synonym_to_posts, "#{schema_name}.test_posts", force: true
+        add_synonym :synonym_to_posts_seq, "#{schema_name}.test_posts_seq", force: true
+      end
+      expect do
+        TestPost.create(title: "test")
+      end.not_to raise_error
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "alter columns with column cache" do
+    include LoggerSpecHelper
+
+    before(:all) do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:clob)
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:nclob)
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:blob)
+    end
+
+    after(:all) do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:clob)
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:nclob)
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:blob)
+    end
+
+    before(:each) do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, force: true do |t|
+          t.string :title, null: false
+          t.string :content
+        end
+      end
+      class ::TestPost < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["title"].null).to be_falsey
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      Object.send(:remove_const, "TestPost")
+      schema_define { drop_table :test_posts }
+      ActiveRecord::Base.clear_cache!
+    end
+
+    it "should change column to nullable" do
+      schema_define do
+        change_column :test_posts, :title, :string, null: true
+      end
+      TestPost.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["title"].null).to be_truthy
+    end
+
+    it "should add column" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_column :test_posts, :body, :string
+      end
+      TestPost.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["body"]).not_to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should add longer column" do
+      skip unless @oracle12cr2_or_higher
+      schema_define do
+        add_column :test_posts, "a" * 128, :string
+      end
+      TestPost.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["a" * 128]).not_to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should add text type lob column with non_default tablespace" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:clob] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+      schema_define do
+        add_column :test_posts, :body, :text
+      end
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'BODY'")).to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+    end
+
+    it "should add ntext type lob column with non_default tablespace" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:nclob] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+      schema_define do
+        add_column :test_posts, :body, :ntext
+      end
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'BODY'")).to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+    end
+
+    it "should add blob column with non_default tablespace" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:blob] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+      schema_define do
+        add_column :test_posts, :attachment, :binary
+      end
+      expect(TestPost.connection.select_value("SELECT tablespace_name FROM user_lobs WHERE table_name='TEST_POSTS' and column_name = 'ATTACHMENT'")).to eq(DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE)
+    end
+
+    it "should rename column" do
+      schema_define do
+        rename_column :test_posts, :title, :subject
+      end
+      TestPost.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["subject"]).not_to be_nil
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["title"]).to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should remove column" do
+      schema_define do
+        remove_column :test_posts, :title
+      end
+      TestPost.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["title"]).to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should remove column when using change_table" do
+      schema_define do
+        change_table :test_posts do |t|
+          t.remove :title
+        end
+      end
+      TestPost.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["title"]).to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should remove multiple columns when using change_table" do
+      schema_define do
+        change_table :test_posts do |t|
+          t.remove :title, :content
+        end
+      end
+      TestPost.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["title"]).to be_nil
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["content"]).to be_nil
+    end
+
+    it "should ignore type and options parameter and remove column" do
+      schema_define do
+        remove_column :test_posts, :title, :string, {}
+      end
+      TestPost.reset_column_information
+      expect(TestPost.columns_hash["title"]).to be_nil
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "virtual columns in create_table" do
+    before(:each) do
+      skip "Not supported in this database version" unless @oracle11g_or_higher
+    end
+
+    it "should raise error if column expression is not provided" do
+      expect {
+        schema_define do
+          create_table :test_fractions do |t|
+            t.integer :field1
+            t.virtual :field2
+          end
+        end
+      }.to raise_error(RuntimeError, "No virtual column definition found.")
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "virtual columns" do
+    before(:each) do
+      skip "Not supported in this database version" unless @oracle11g_or_higher
+      expr = "( numerator/NULLIF(denominator,0) )*100"
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_fractions, force: true do |t|
+          t.integer :numerator, default: 0
+          t.integer :denominator, default: 0
+          t.virtual :percent, as: expr
+        end
+      end
+      class ::TestFraction < ActiveRecord::Base
+        self.table_name = "test_fractions"
+      end
+      TestFraction.reset_column_information
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      if @oracle11g_or_higher
+        schema_define do
+          drop_table :test_fractions
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should include virtual columns and not try to update them" do
+      tf = TestFraction.columns.detect { |c| c.virtual? }
+      expect(tf).not_to be_nil
+      expect(tf.name).to eq("percent")
+      expect(tf.virtual?).to be true
+      expect do
+        tf = TestFraction.new(numerator: 20, denominator: 100)
+        expect(tf.percent).to be_nil # not whatever is in DATA_DEFAULT column
+        tf.save!
+        tf.reload
+      end.not_to raise_error
+      expect(tf.percent.to_i).to eq(20)
+    end
+
+    it "should add virtual column" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_column :test_fractions, :rem, :virtual, as: "remainder(numerator, NULLIF(denominator,0))"
+      end
+      TestFraction.reset_column_information
+      tf = TestFraction.columns.detect { |c| c.name == "rem" }
+      expect(tf).not_to be_nil
+      expect(tf.virtual?).to be true
+      expect do
+        tf = TestFraction.new(numerator: 7, denominator: 5)
+        expect(tf.rem).to be_nil
+        tf.save!
+        tf.reload
+      end.not_to raise_error
+      expect(tf.rem.to_i).to eq(2)
+    end
+
+    it "should add virtual column with explicit type" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_column :test_fractions, :expression, :virtual, as: "TO_CHAR(numerator) || '/' || TO_CHAR(denominator)", type: :string, limit: 100
+      end
+      TestFraction.reset_column_information
+      tf = TestFraction.columns.detect { |c| c.name == "expression" }
+      expect(tf).not_to be_nil
+      expect(tf.virtual?).to be true
+      expect(tf.type).to be :string
+      expect(tf.limit).to be 100
+      expect do
+        tf = TestFraction.new(numerator: 7, denominator: 5)
+        expect(tf.expression).to be_nil
+        tf.save!
+        tf.reload
+      end.not_to raise_error
+      expect(tf.expression).to eq("7/5")
+    end
+
+    it "should change virtual column definition" do
+      schema_define do
+        change_column :test_fractions, :percent, :virtual,
+          as: "ROUND((numerator/NULLIF(denominator,0))*100, 2)", type: :decimal, precision: 15, scale: 2
+      end
+      TestFraction.reset_column_information
+      tf = TestFraction.columns.detect { |c| c.name == "percent" }
+      expect(tf).not_to be_nil
+      expect(tf.virtual?).to be true
+      expect(tf.type).to be :decimal
+      expect(tf.precision).to be 15
+      expect(tf.scale).to be 2
+      expect do
+        tf = TestFraction.new(numerator: 11, denominator: 17)
+        expect(tf.percent).to be_nil
+        tf.save!
+        tf.reload
+      end.not_to raise_error
+      expect(tf.percent).to eq("64.71".to_d)
+    end
+
+    it "should change virtual column type" do
+      schema_define do
+        change_column :test_fractions, :percent, :virtual, type: :decimal, precision: 12, scale: 5
+      end
+      TestFraction.reset_column_information
+      tf = TestFraction.columns.detect { |c| c.name == "percent" }
+      expect(tf).not_to be_nil
+      expect(tf.virtual?).to be true
+      expect(tf.type).to be :decimal
+      expect(tf.precision).to be 12
+      expect(tf.scale).to be 5
+      expect do
+        tf = TestFraction.new(numerator: 11, denominator: 17)
+        expect(tf.percent).to be_nil
+        tf.save!
+        tf.reload
+      end.not_to raise_error
+      expect(tf.percent).to eq("64.70588".to_d)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "materialized views" do
+    before(:all) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+      schema_define do
+        create_table  :test_employees, force: true do |t|
+          t.string    :first_name
+          t.string    :last_name
+        end
+      end
+      @conn.execute("create materialized view sum_test_employees as select first_name, count(*) from test_employees group by first_name")
+      class ::TestEmployee < ActiveRecord::Base; end
+    end
+
+    after(:all) do
+      @conn.execute("drop materialized view sum_test_employees") rescue nil
+      schema_define do
+        drop_table :sum_test_employees, if_exists: true
+        drop_table :test_employees, if_exists: true
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "tables should not return materialized views" do
+      expect(@conn.tables).not_to include("sum_test_employees")
+    end
+
+    it "materialized_views should return materialized views" do
+      expect(@conn.materialized_views).to include("sum_test_employees")
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "miscellaneous options" do
+    before(:all) do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+    end
+
+    before(:each) do
+      @conn.instance_variable_set :@would_execute_sql, @would_execute_sql = +""
+      class << @conn
+        def execute(sql, name = nil); @would_execute_sql << sql << ";\n"; end
+      end
+    end
+
+    after(:each) do
+      class << @conn
+        remove_method :execute
+      end
+      @conn.instance_eval { remove_instance_variable :@would_execute_sql }
+    end
+
+    it "should support the :options option to create_table" do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, options: "NOLOGGING", force: true do |t|
+          t.string :title, null: false
+        end
+      end
+      expect(@would_execute_sql).to match(/CREATE +TABLE .* \(.*\) NOLOGGING/)
+    end
+
+    it "should support the :tablespace option to create_table" do
+      schema_define do
+        create_table :test_posts, tablespace: "bogus", force: true do |t|
+          t.string :title, null: false
+        end
+      end
+      expect(@would_execute_sql).to match(/CREATE +TABLE .* \(.*\) TABLESPACE bogus/)
+    end
+
+    describe "creating a table with a tablespace defaults set" do
+      after(:each) do
+        @conn.drop_table :tablespace_tests, if_exists: true
+        ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:table)
+      end
+
+      it "should use correct tablespace" do
+        ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:table] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+        @conn.create_table :tablespace_tests do |t|
+          t.string :foo
+        end
+        expect(@would_execute_sql).to match(/CREATE +TABLE .* \(.*\) TABLESPACE #{DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE}/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    describe "creating an index-organized table" do
+      after(:each) do
+        @conn.drop_table :tablespace_tests, if_exists: true
+        ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:table)
+      end
+
+      it "should use correct tablespace" do
+        @conn.create_table :tablespace_tests, id: false, organization: "INDEX INITRANS 4 COMPRESS 1", tablespace: "bogus" do |t|
+          t.integer :id
+        end
+        expect(@would_execute_sql).to match(/CREATE +TABLE .*\(.*\)\s+ORGANIZATION INDEX INITRANS 4 COMPRESS 1 TABLESPACE bogus/)
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should support the :options option to add_index" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_index :keyboards, :name, options: "NOLOGGING"
+      end
+      expect(@would_execute_sql).to match(/CREATE +INDEX .* ON .* \(.*\) NOLOGGING/)
+    end
+
+    it "should support the :tablespace option to add_index" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_index :keyboards, :name, tablespace: "bogus"
+      end
+      expect(@would_execute_sql).to match(/CREATE +INDEX .* ON .* \(.*\) TABLESPACE bogus/)
+    end
+
+    it "should use default_tablespaces in add_index" do
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces[:index] = DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
+      schema_define do
+        add_index :keyboards, :name
+      end
+      ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::OracleEnhancedAdapter.default_tablespaces.delete(:index)
+      expect(@would_execute_sql).to match(/CREATE +INDEX .* ON .* \(.*\) TABLESPACE #{DATABASE_NON_DEFAULT_TABLESPACE}/)
+    end
+
+    it "should create unique function index but not create unique constraints" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_index :keyboards, "lower(name)", unique: true, name: :index_keyboards_on_lower_name
+      end
+      expect(@would_execute_sql).not_to include("ADD CONSTRAINT")
+    end
+
+    it "should add unique constraint only to the index where it was defined" do
+      schema_define do
+        add_index :keyboards, ["name"], unique: true, name: :this_index
+      end
+      expect(@would_execute_sql.lines.last).to match(/ALTER +TABLE .* ADD CONSTRAINT .* UNIQUE \(.*\) USING INDEX "THIS_INDEX";/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "load schema" do
+    let(:versions) {
+      %w(20160101000000 20160102000000 20160103000000)
+    }
+
+    before do
+      @conn = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+      ActiveRecord::Base.connection_pool.schema_migration.create_table
+    end
+
+    context "multi insert is supported" do
+      it "should loads the migration schema table from insert versions sql" do
+        skip "Not supported in this database version" unless ActiveRecord::Base.connection.supports_multi_insert?
+
+        expect {
+          @conn.execute @conn.insert_versions_sql(versions)
+        }.not_to raise_error
+
+        expect(@conn.select_value("SELECT COUNT(version) FROM schema_migrations")).to eq versions.count
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "multi insert is NOT supported" do
+      it "should loads the migration schema table from insert versions sql" do
+        skip "Not supported in this database version" if ActiveRecord::Base.connection.supports_multi_insert?
+
+        expect {
+          versions.each { |version| @conn.execute @conn.insert_versions_sql(version) }
+        }.not_to raise_error
+
+        expect(@conn.select_value("SELECT COUNT(version) FROM schema_migrations")).to eq versions.count
+      end
+    end
+
+    after do
+      ActiveRecord::Base.connection_pool.schema_migration.drop_table
+    end
+  end
+end