activerecord-jdbc-adapter 51.7-java → 52.0-java

data/lib/arjdbc/abstract/statement_cache.rb

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ module ArJdbc
         # Only say we support the statement cache if we are using prepared statements
         # and have a max number of statements defined
         statement_limit = self.class.type_cast_config_to_integer(config[:statement_limit])
-        @jdbc_statement_cache_enabled = prepared_statements && (statement_limit.nil? || statement_limit > 0)
+        @jdbc_statement_cache_enabled = config[:prepared_statements] && (statement_limit.nil? || statement_limit > 0)
 
         @statements = StatementPool.new(statement_limit) # AR (5.0) expects this to be stored as @statements
       end
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ module ArJdbc
       end
 
       def delete_cached_statement(sql)
-        @statements.delete(sql_key(sql))
+        @statements.delete(cached_statement_key(sql))
       end
 
       def fetch_cached_statement(sql)
-        @statements[sql_key(sql)] ||= @connection.prepare_statement(sql)
+        @statements[cached_statement_key(sql)] ||= @connection.connection.prepare_statement(sql)
       end
 
       def supports_statement_cache?
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ module ArJdbc
 
       # This should be overridden by the adapter if the sql itself
       # is not enough to make the key unique
-      def sql_key(sql)
+      def cached_statement_key(sql)
         sql
       end
 

data/lib/arjdbc/db2/adapter.rb

@@ -342,10 +342,60 @@ module ArJdbc
 
     # Properly quotes the various data types.
     # @param value contains the data
+    # @param column (optional) contains info on the field
     # @override
-    def quote(value)
+    def quote(value, column = nil)
+      return value.quoted_id if value.respond_to?(:quoted_id)
       return value if sql_literal?(value)
-      super
+
+      if column
+        if column.respond_to?(:primary) && column.primary && column.klass != String
+          return value.to_i.to_s
+        end
+        if value && (column.type.to_sym == :decimal || column.type.to_sym == :integer)
+          return value.to_s
+        end
+      end
+
+      column_type = column && column.type.to_sym
+
+      case value
+      when nil then 'NULL'
+      when Numeric # IBM_DB doesn't accept quotes on numeric types
+        # if the column type is text or string, return the quote value
+        if column_type == :text || column_type == :string
+          "'#{value}'"
+        else
+          value.to_s
+        end
+      when String, ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars
+        if column_type == :binary && column.sql_type !~ /for bit data/i
+          if update_lob_value?(value, column)
+            value.nil? ? 'NULL' : BLOB_VALUE_MARKER # '@@@IBMBINARY@@@'"
+          else
+            "BLOB('#{quote_string(value)}')"
+          end
+        elsif column && column.sql_type =~ /clob/ # :text
+          if update_lob_value?(value, column)
+            value.nil? ? 'NULL' : CLOB_VALUE_MARKER # "'@@@IBMTEXT@@@'"
+          else
+            "'#{quote_string(value)}'"
+          end
+        elsif column_type == :xml
+          value.nil? ? 'NULL' : "'#{quote_string(value)}'" # "'<ibm>@@@IBMXML@@@</ibm>'"
+        else
+          "'#{quote_string(value)}'"
+        end
+      when Symbol then "'#{quote_string(value.to_s)}'"
+      when Time
+        # AS400 doesn't support date in time column
+        if column_type == :time
+          quote_time(value)
+        else
+          super
+        end
+      else super
+      end
     end
 
     # @override

data/lib/arjdbc/jdbc.rb

@@ -2,8 +2,12 @@ require 'active_support/deprecation'
 
 module ArJdbc
 
+  # @private
+  AR40 = ::ActiveRecord::VERSION::MAJOR > 3
   # @private
   AR42 = ::ActiveRecord::VERSION::STRING >= '4.2'
+  # @private
+  AR50 = ::ActiveRecord::VERSION::MAJOR > 4
 
   class << self
 

data/lib/arjdbc/jdbc/column.rb

@@ -26,17 +26,23 @@ module ActiveRecord
           end
         end
 
-        default = args[0].cast(default)
+        if ArJdbc::AR50
+          default = args[0].cast(default)
 
-        sql_type = args.delete_at(1)
-        type = args.delete_at(0)
+          sql_type = args.delete_at(1)
+          type = args.delete_at(0)
 
-        args.unshift(SqlTypeMetadata.new(:sql_type => sql_type, :type => type))
+          args.unshift(SqlTypeMetadata.new(:sql_type => sql_type, :type => type))
+        elsif ArJdbc::AR42
+          default = args[0].type_cast_from_database(default)
+        else
+          default = default_value(default)
+        end
 
         # super <= 4.1: (name, default, sql_type = nil, null = true)
         # super >= 4.2: (name, default, cast_type, sql_type = nil, null = true)
         # super >= 5.0: (name, default, sql_type_metadata = nil, null = true)
-
+        
         super(name, default, *args)
         init_column(name, default, *args)
       end

data/lib/arjdbc/jdbc/connection_methods.rb

@@ -4,8 +4,15 @@ module ArJdbc
   ConnectionMethods.module_eval do
 
     def jdbc_connection(config)
-      adapter_class = config[:adapter_class] || ::ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::JdbcAdapter
-      adapter_class.new(nil, logger, nil, config)
+      adapter_class = config[:adapter_class]
+      adapter_class ||= ::ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::JdbcAdapter
+
+      # Once all adapters converted to AR5 then this rescue can be removed
+      begin
+        adapter_class.new(nil, logger, nil, config)
+      rescue ArgumentError
+        adapter_class.new(nil, logger, config)
+      end
     end
 
     def jndi_connection(config); jdbc_connection(config) end

data/lib/arjdbc/jdbc/jdbc.rake

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+load 'arjdbc/tasks.rb'
+
+require 'arjdbc'
+ArJdbc.deprecate "load 'arjdbc/tasks.rb' (or 'arjdbc/tasks/database.rake') instead of 'arjdbc/jdbc/jdbc.rake'"

data/lib/arjdbc/mssql.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+require 'arjdbc'
+require 'arjdbc/mssql/adapter'
+require 'arjdbc/mssql/connection_methods'
+module ArJdbc
+  MsSQL = MSSQL # compatibility with 1.2
+end
+ArJdbc.warn_unsupported_adapter 'mssql', [4, 2] # warns on AR >= 4.2

data/lib/arjdbc/mssql/adapter.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,804 @@
+# NOTE: file contains code adapted from **sqlserver** adapter, license follows
+=begin
+Copyright (c) 2008-2015
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+=end
+
+ArJdbc.load_java_part :MSSQL
+
+require 'strscan'
+
+module ArJdbc
+  module MSSQL
+
+    require 'arjdbc/mssql/utils'
+    require 'arjdbc/mssql/limit_helpers'
+    require 'arjdbc/mssql/lock_methods'
+    require 'arjdbc/mssql/column'
+    require 'arjdbc/mssql/explain_support'
+    require 'arjdbc/mssql/types' if AR42
+    require 'arel/visitors/sql_server'
+
+    include LimitHelpers
+    include Utils
+    include ExplainSupport
+
+    # @private
+    def self.extended(adapter)
+      initialize!
+
+      version = adapter.config[:sqlserver_version] ||= adapter.sqlserver_version
+      adapter.send(:setup_limit_offset!, version)
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    @@_initialized = nil
+
+    # @private
+    def self.initialize!
+      return if @@_initialized; @@_initialized = true
+
+      require 'arjdbc/util/serialized_attributes'
+      Util::SerializedAttributes.setup /image/i, 'after_save_with_mssql_lob'
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    @@update_lob_values = true
+
+    # Updating records with LOB values (binary/text columns) in a separate
+    # statement can be disabled using :
+    #
+    #   ArJdbc::MSSQL.update_lob_values = false
+    #
+    # @note This only applies when prepared statements are not used.
+    def self.update_lob_values?; @@update_lob_values; end
+    # @see #update_lob_values?
+    def self.update_lob_values=(update); @@update_lob_values = update; end
+
+    # @private
+    @@cs_equality_operator = 'COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS_WS'
+
+    # Operator for sorting strings in SQLServer, setup as :
+    #
+    #  ArJdbc::MSSQL.cs_equality_operator = 'COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS_WS'
+    #
+    def self.cs_equality_operator; @@cs_equality_operator; end
+    # @see #cs_equality_operator
+    def self.cs_equality_operator=(operator); @@cs_equality_operator = operator; end
+
+    # @see #quote
+    # @private
+    BLOB_VALUE_MARKER = "''"
+
+    # @see #update_lob_values?
+    # @see ArJdbc::Util::SerializedAttributes#update_lob_columns
+    def update_lob_value?(value, column = nil)
+      MSSQL.update_lob_values? && ! prepared_statements? # && value
+    end
+
+    # @see ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::JdbcAdapter#jdbc_connection_class
+    def self.jdbc_connection_class
+      ::ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::MSSQLJdbcConnection
+    end
+
+    # @see ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::JdbcAdapter#jdbc_column_class
+    def jdbc_column_class; ::ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::MSSQLColumn end
+
+    def configure_connection
+      use_database # config[:database]
+    end
+
+    def sqlserver_version
+      @sqlserver_version ||= begin
+        config_version = config[:sqlserver_version]
+        config_version ? config_version.to_s :
+          select_value("SELECT @@version")[/(Microsoft SQL Server\s+|Microsoft SQL Azure.+\n.+)(\d{4})/, 2]
+      end
+    end
+
+    NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES = {
+      :primary_key => 'int NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY',
+      :integer   =>  { :name => 'int', }, # :limit => 4
+      :boolean   =>  { :name => 'bit' },
+      :decimal   =>  { :name => 'decimal' },
+      :float     =>  { :name => 'float' },
+      :bigint    =>  { :name => 'bigint' },
+      :real      =>  { :name => 'real' },
+      :date      =>  { :name => 'date' },
+      :time      =>  { :name => 'time' },
+      :datetime  =>  { :name => 'datetime' },
+      :timestamp =>  { :name => 'datetime' },
+
+      :string    =>  { :name => 'nvarchar', :limit => 4000 },
+      #:varchar    =>  { :name => 'varchar' }, # limit: 8000
+      :text      =>  { :name => 'nvarchar(max)' },
+      :text_basic =>  { :name => 'text' },
+      #:ntext      =>  { :name => 'ntext' },
+      :char      =>  { :name => 'char' },
+      #:nchar     =>  { :name => 'nchar' },
+      :binary    =>  { :name => 'image' }, # NOTE: :name => 'varbinary(max)'
+      :binary_basic => { :name => 'binary' },
+      :uuid      =>  { :name => 'uniqueidentifier' },
+      :money     =>  { :name => 'money' },
+      #:smallmoney => { :name => 'smallmoney' },
+    }
+
+    def native_database_types
+      # NOTE: due compatibility we're using the generic type resolution
+      # ... NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES won't be used at all on SQLServer 2K
+      sqlserver_2000? ? super : super.merge(NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES)
+    end
+
+    def modify_types(types)
+      if sqlserver_2000?
+        types[:primary_key] = NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES[:primary_key]
+        types[:string] = NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES[:string]
+        types[:boolean] = NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES[:boolean]
+        types[:text] = { :name => "ntext" }
+        types[:integer][:limit] = nil
+        types[:binary] = { :name => "image" }
+      else
+        # ~ private types for better "native" adapter compatibility
+        types[:varchar_max]   =  { :name => 'varchar(max)' }
+        types[:nvarchar_max]  =  { :name => 'nvarchar(max)' }
+        types[:varbinary_max] =  { :name => 'varbinary(max)' }
+      end
+      types[:string][:limit] = 255 unless AR40 # backwards compatibility
+      types
+    end
+
+    # @private these cannot specify a limit
+    NO_LIMIT_TYPES = %w( text binary boolean date datetime )
+
+    def type_to_sql(type, limit = nil, precision = nil, scale = nil)
+      type_s = type.to_s
+      # MSSQL's NVARCHAR(n | max) column supports either a number between 1 and
+      # 4000, or the word "MAX", which corresponds to 2**30-1 UCS-2 characters.
+      #
+      # It does not accept NVARCHAR(1073741823) here, so we have to change it
+      # to NVARCHAR(MAX), even though they are logically equivalent.
+      #
+      # MSSQL Server 2000 is skipped here because I don't know how it will behave.
+      #
+      # See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms186939.aspx
+      if type_s == 'string' && limit == 1073741823 && ! sqlserver_2000?
+        'NVARCHAR(MAX)'
+      elsif NO_LIMIT_TYPES.include?(type_s)
+        super(type)
+      elsif type_s == 'integer' || type_s == 'int'
+        if limit.nil? || limit == 4
+          'int'
+        elsif limit == 2
+          'smallint'
+        elsif limit == 1
+          'tinyint'
+        else
+          'bigint'
+        end
+      elsif type_s == 'uniqueidentifier'
+        type_s
+      else
+        super
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @override
+    def quote(value, column = nil)
+      return value.quoted_id if value.respond_to?(:quoted_id)
+      return value if sql_literal?(value)
+
+      case value
+      # SQL Server 2000 doesn't let you insert an integer into a NVARCHAR
+      when String, ActiveSupport::Multibyte::Chars, Integer
+        value = value.to_s
+        column_type = column && column.type
+        if column_type == :binary
+          if update_lob_value?(value, column)
+            BLOB_VALUE_MARKER
+          else
+            "'#{quote_string(column.class.string_to_binary(value))}'" # ' (for ruby-mode)
+          end
+        elsif column_type == :integer
+          value.to_i.to_s
+        elsif column_type == :float
+          value.to_f.to_s
+        elsif ! column.respond_to?(:is_utf8?) || column.is_utf8?
+          "N'#{quote_string(value)}'" # ' (for ruby-mode)
+        else
+          super
+        end
+      when Date, Time
+        if column && column.type == :time
+          "'#{quoted_time(value)}'"
+        else
+          "'#{quoted_date(value)}'"
+        end
+      when TrueClass  then '1'
+      when FalseClass then '0'
+      else super
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @override
+    def quoted_date(value)
+      if value.respond_to?(:usec)
+        "#{super}.#{sprintf("%03d", value.usec / 1000)}"
+      else
+        super
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    def quoted_time(value)
+      if value.acts_like?(:time)
+        tz_value = get_time(value)
+        usec = value.respond_to?(:usec) ? ( value.usec / 1000 ) : 0
+        sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d.%03d", tz_value.hour, tz_value.min, tz_value.sec, usec)
+      else
+        quoted_date(value)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @deprecated no longer used
+    # @private
+    def quoted_datetime(value)
+      quoted_date(value)
+    end
+
+    # @deprecated no longer used
+    # @private
+    def quoted_full_iso8601(value)
+      if value.acts_like?(:time)
+        value.is_a?(Date) ?
+          get_time(value).to_time.xmlschema.to(18) :
+            get_time(value).iso8601(7).to(22)
+      else
+        quoted_date(value)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def quote_table_name(name)
+      quote_column_name(name)
+    end
+
+    def quote_column_name(name)
+      name = name.to_s.split('.')
+      name.map! { |n| quote_name_part(n) } # "[#{name}]"
+      name.join('.')
+    end
+
+    def quote_database_name(name)
+      quote_name_part(name.to_s)
+    end
+
+    # Does not quote function default values for UUID columns
+    def quote_default_value(value, column)
+      if column.type == :uuid && value =~ /\(\)/
+        value
+      else
+        quote(value)
+      end
+    end
+
+    ADAPTER_NAME = 'MSSQL'.freeze
+
+    def adapter_name
+      ADAPTER_NAME
+    end
+
+    def change_order_direction(order)
+      asc, desc = /\bASC\b/i, /\bDESC\b/i
+      order.split(",").collect do |fragment|
+        case fragment
+        when desc  then fragment.gsub(desc, "ASC")
+        when asc   then fragment.gsub(asc, "DESC")
+        else "#{fragment.split(',').join(' DESC,')} DESC"
+        end
+      end.join(",")
+    end
+
+    # @override
+    def supports_ddl_transactions?; true end
+
+    # @override
+    def supports_views?; true end
+
+    def tables(schema = current_schema)
+      @connection.tables(nil, schema)
+    end
+
+    # NOTE: Dynamic Name Resolution - SQL Server 2000 vs. 2005
+    #
+    # A query such as "select * from table1" in SQL Server 2000 goes through
+    # a set of steps to resolve and validate the object references before
+    # execution.
+    # The search first looks at the identity of the connection executing
+    # the query.
+    #
+    # However SQL Server 2005 provides a mechanism to allow finer control over
+    # name resolution to the administrators. By manipulating the value of the
+    # default_schema_name columns in the sys.database_principals.
+    #
+    # http://blogs.msdn.com/b/mssqlisv/archive/2007/03/23/upgrading-to-sql-server-2005-and-default-schema-setting.aspx
+
+    # Returns the default schema (to be used for table resolution) used for the {#current_user}.
+    def default_schema
+      return current_user if sqlserver_2000?
+      @default_schema ||=
+        @connection.execute_query_raw(
+          "SELECT default_schema_name FROM sys.database_principals WHERE name = CURRENT_USER"
+        ).first['default_schema_name']
+    end
+    alias_method :current_schema, :default_schema
+
+    # Allows for changing of the default schema (to be used during unqualified
+    # table name resolution).
+    # @note This is not supported on SQL Server 2000 !
+    def default_schema=(default_schema) # :nodoc:
+      raise "changing DEFAULT_SCHEMA only supported on SQLServer 2005+" if sqlserver_2000?
+      execute("ALTER #{current_user} WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA=#{default_schema}")
+      @default_schema = nil if defined?(@default_schema)
+    end
+    alias_method :current_schema=, :default_schema=
+
+    # `SELECT CURRENT_USER`
+    def current_user
+      @current_user ||= @connection.execute_query_raw("SELECT CURRENT_USER").first['']
+    end
+
+    def charset
+      select_value "SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('SqlCharSetName')"
+    end
+
+    def collation
+      select_value "SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('Collation')"
+    end
+
+    def current_database
+      select_value 'SELECT DB_NAME()'
+    end
+
+    def use_database(database = nil)
+      database ||= config[:database]
+      execute "USE #{quote_database_name(database)}" unless database.blank?
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    def recreate_database(name, options = {})
+      drop_database(name)
+      create_database(name, options)
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    def recreate_database!(database = nil)
+      current_db = current_database
+      database ||= current_db
+      use_database('master') if this_db = ( database.to_s == current_db )
+      drop_database(database)
+      create_database(database)
+    ensure
+      use_database(current_db) if this_db
+    end
+
+    def drop_database(name)
+      current_db = current_database
+      use_database('master') if current_db.to_s == name
+      execute "DROP DATABASE #{quote_database_name(name)}"
+    end
+
+    def create_database(name, options = {})
+      execute "CREATE DATABASE #{quote_database_name(name)}"
+    end
+
+    def database_exists?(name)
+      select_value "SELECT name FROM sys.databases WHERE name = '#{name}'"
+    end
+
+    # @override
+    def rename_table(table_name, new_table_name)
+      clear_cached_table(table_name)
+      execute "EXEC sp_rename '#{table_name}', '#{new_table_name}'"
+    end
+
+    # Adds a new column to the named table.
+    # @override
+    def add_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
+      clear_cached_table(table_name)
+      add_column_sql = "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} ADD #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{type_to_sql(type, options[:limit], options[:precision], options[:scale])}"
+      add_column_options!(add_column_sql, options)
+      # TODO: Add support to mimic date columns, using constraints to mark them as such in the database
+      # add_column_sql << " CONSTRAINT ck__#{table_name}__#{column_name}__date_only CHECK ( CONVERT(CHAR(12), #{quote_column_name(column_name)}, 14)='00:00:00:000' )" if type == :date
+      execute(add_column_sql)
+    end
+
+    # @override
+    def rename_column(table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
+      clear_cached_table(table_name)
+      execute "EXEC sp_rename '#{table_name}.#{column_name}', '#{new_column_name}', 'COLUMN'"
+    end
+
+    # SELECT DISTINCT clause for a given set of columns and a given ORDER BY clause.
+    # MSSQL requires the ORDER BY columns in the select list for distinct queries.
+    def distinct(columns, order_by)
+      "DISTINCT #{columns_for_distinct(columns, order_by)}"
+    end
+
+    def columns_for_distinct(columns, orders)
+      return columns if orders.blank?
+
+      # construct a clean list of column names from the ORDER BY clause,
+      # removing any ASC/DESC modifiers
+      order_columns = [ orders ]; order_columns.flatten! # AR 3.x vs 4.x
+      order_columns.map! do |column|
+        column = column.to_sql unless column.is_a?(String) # handle AREL node
+        column.split(',').collect!{ |s| s.split.first }
+      end.flatten!
+      order_columns.reject!(&:blank?)
+      order_columns = order_columns.zip(0...order_columns.size).to_a
+      order_columns = order_columns.map{ |s, i| "#{s}" }
+
+      columns = [ columns ]; columns.flatten!
+      columns.push( *order_columns ).join(', ')
+      # return a DISTINCT clause that's distinct on the columns we want but
+      # includes all the required columns for the ORDER BY to work properly
+    end
+
+    # @override
+    def change_column(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
+      column = columns(table_name).find { |c| c.name.to_s == column_name.to_s }
+
+      indexes = EMPTY_ARRAY
+      if options_include_default?(options) || (column && column.type != type.to_sym)
+        remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
+        indexes = indexes(table_name).select{ |index| index.columns.include?(column_name.to_s) }
+        remove_indexes(table_name, column_name)
+      end
+
+      if ! options[:null].nil? && options[:null] == false && ! options[:default].nil?
+        execute "UPDATE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} SET #{quote_column_name(column_name)}=#{quote_default_value(options[:default], column)} WHERE #{quote_column_name(column_name)} IS NULL"
+        clear_cached_table(table_name)
+      end
+      change_column_type(table_name, column_name, type, options)
+      change_column_default(table_name, column_name, options[:default]) if options_include_default?(options)
+
+      indexes.each do |index| # add any removed indexes back
+        index_columns = index.columns.map { |c| quote_column_name(c) }.join(', ')
+        execute "CREATE INDEX #{quote_table_name(index.name)} ON #{quote_table_name(table_name)} (#{index_columns})"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def change_column_type(table_name, column_name, type, options = {})
+      sql = "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} ALTER COLUMN #{quote_column_name(column_name)} #{type_to_sql(type, options[:limit], options[:precision], options[:scale])}"
+      sql << (options[:null] ? " NULL" : " NOT NULL") if options.has_key?(:null)
+      result = execute(sql)
+      clear_cached_table(table_name)
+      result
+    end
+
+    def change_column_default(table_name, column_name, default)
+      remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
+      unless default.nil?
+        column = columns(table_name).find { |c| c.name.to_s == column_name.to_s }
+        result = execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} ADD CONSTRAINT DF_#{table_name}_#{column_name} DEFAULT #{quote_default_value(default, column)} FOR #{quote_column_name(column_name)}"
+        clear_cached_table(table_name)
+        result
+      end
+    end
+
+    def remove_columns(table_name, *column_names)
+      raise ArgumentError.new("You must specify at least one column name. Example: remove_column(:people, :first_name)") if column_names.empty?
+      # remove_columns(:posts, :foo, :bar) old syntax : remove_columns(:posts, [:foo, :bar])
+      clear_cached_table(table_name)
+
+      column_names = column_names.flatten
+      return do_remove_column(table_name, column_names.first) if column_names.size == 1
+      column_names.each { |column_name| do_remove_column(table_name, column_name) }
+    end
+
+    def do_remove_column(table_name, column_name)
+      remove_check_constraints(table_name, column_name)
+      remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
+      remove_indexes(table_name, column_name) unless sqlserver_2000?
+      execute "ALTER TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)} DROP COLUMN #{quote_column_name(column_name)}"
+    end
+    private :do_remove_column
+
+    if ActiveRecord::VERSION::MAJOR >= 4
+
+    # @override
+    def remove_column(table_name, column_name, type = nil, options = {})
+      remove_columns(table_name, column_name)
+    end
+
+    else
+
+    def remove_column(table_name, *column_names); remove_columns(table_name, *column_names) end
+
+    end
+
+    def remove_default_constraint(table_name, column_name)
+      clear_cached_table(table_name)
+      if sqlserver_2000?
+        # NOTE: since SQLServer 2005 these are provided as sys.sysobjects etc.
+        # but only due backwards-compatibility views and should be avoided ...
+        defaults = select_values "SELECT d.name" <<
+          " FROM sysobjects d, syscolumns c, sysobjects t" <<
+          " WHERE c.cdefault = d.id AND c.name = '#{column_name}'" <<
+          " AND t.name = '#{table_name}' AND c.id = t.id"
+      else
+        defaults = select_values "SELECT d.name FROM sys.tables t" <<
+          " JOIN sys.default_constraints d ON d.parent_object_id = t.object_id" <<
+          " JOIN sys.columns c ON c.object_id = t.object_id AND c.column_id = d.parent_column_id" <<
+          " WHERE t.name = '#{table_name}' AND c.name = '#{column_name}'"
+      end
+      defaults.each do |def_name|
+        execute "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} DROP CONSTRAINT #{def_name}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def remove_check_constraints(table_name, column_name)
+      clear_cached_table(table_name)
+      constraints = select_values "SELECT constraint_name" <<
+        " FROM information_schema.constraint_column_usage" <<
+        " WHERE table_name = '#{table_name}' AND column_name = '#{column_name}'"
+      constraints.each do |constraint_name|
+        execute "ALTER TABLE #{table_name} DROP CONSTRAINT #{constraint_name}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def remove_indexes(table_name, column_name)
+      indexes = self.indexes(table_name)
+      indexes.select{ |index| index.columns.include?(column_name.to_s) }.each do |index|
+        remove_index(table_name, { :name => index.name })
+      end
+    end
+
+    def remove_index(table_name, options = {})
+      execute "DROP INDEX #{quote_table_name(table_name)}.#{index_name(table_name, options)}"
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    SKIP_COLUMNS_TABLE_NAMES_RE = /^information_schema\./i
+
+    # @private
+    EMPTY_ARRAY = [].freeze
+
+    def columns(table_name, name = nil, default = EMPTY_ARRAY)
+      # It's possible for table_name to be an empty string, or nil, if something
+      # attempts to issue SQL which doesn't involve a table.
+      # IE. "SELECT 1" or "SELECT * FROM someFunction()".
+      return default if table_name.blank?
+
+      table_name = unquote_table_name(table_name)
+
+      return default if table_name =~ SKIP_COLUMNS_TABLE_NAMES_RE
+
+      unless columns = ( @table_columns ||= {} )[table_name]
+        @table_columns[table_name] = columns = super(table_name, name)
+      end
+      columns
+    end
+
+    def clear_cached_table(table_name)
+      ( @table_columns ||= {} ).delete(table_name.to_s)
+    end
+
+    def reset_column_information
+      @table_columns = nil if defined? @table_columns
+    end
+
+    # Turns IDENTITY_INSERT ON for table during execution of the block
+    # N.B. This sets the state of IDENTITY_INSERT to OFF after the
+    # block has been executed without regard to its previous state
+    def with_identity_insert_enabled(table_name)
+      set_identity_insert(table_name, true)
+      yield
+    ensure
+      set_identity_insert(table_name, false)
+    end
+
+    def set_identity_insert(table_name, enable = true)
+      execute "SET IDENTITY_INSERT #{table_name} #{enable ? 'ON' : 'OFF'}"
+    rescue Exception => e
+      raise ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError, "IDENTITY_INSERT could not be turned" +
+            " #{enable ? 'ON' : 'OFF'} for table #{table_name} due : #{e.inspect}"
+    end
+
+    def disable_referential_integrity
+      execute "EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'"
+      yield
+    ensure
+      execute "EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'"
+    end
+
+    # @private
+    # @see ArJdbc::MSSQL::LimitHelpers
+    def determine_order_clause(sql)
+      return $1 if sql =~ /ORDER BY (.*)$/i
+      columns = self.columns(table_name = get_table_name(sql))
+      primary_column = columns.find { |column| column.primary? || column.identity? }
+      unless primary_column # look for an id column and return it,
+        # without changing case, to cover DBs with a case-sensitive collation :
+        primary_column = columns.find { |column| column.name =~ /^id$/i }
+        raise "no columns for table: #{table_name} (SQL query: ' #{sql} ')" if columns.empty?
+      end
+      # NOTE: if still no PK column simply get something for ORDER BY ...
+      "#{quote_table_name(table_name)}.#{quote_column_name((primary_column || columns.first).name)}"
+    end
+
+    def truncate(table_name, name = nil)
+      execute "TRUNCATE TABLE #{quote_table_name(table_name)}", name
+    end
+
+    # Support for executing a stored procedure.
+    def exec_proc(proc_name, *variables)
+      vars =
+        if variables.any? && variables.first.is_a?(Hash)
+          variables.first.map { |k, v| "@#{k} = #{quote(v)}" }
+        else
+          variables.map { |v| quote(v) }
+        end.join(', ')
+      sql = "EXEC #{proc_name} #{vars}".strip
+      log(sql, 'Execute Procedure') do
+        result = @connection.execute_query_raw(sql)
+        result.map! do |row|
+          row = row.is_a?(Hash) ? row.with_indifferent_access : row
+          yield(row) if block_given?
+          row
+        end
+        result
+      end
+    end
+    alias_method :execute_procedure, :exec_proc # AR-SQLServer-Adapter naming
+
+    # @override
+    def exec_query(sql, name = 'SQL', binds = [])
+      # NOTE: we allow to execute SQL as requested returning a results.
+      # e.g. this allows to use SQLServer's EXEC with a result set ...
+      sql = to_sql(sql, binds) if sql.respond_to?(:to_sql)
+
+      sql = repair_special_columns(sql)
+      if prepared_statements?
+        log(sql, name, binds) { @connection.execute_query(sql, binds) }
+      else
+        log(sql, name) { @connection.execute_query(sql) }
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @override
+    def exec_query_raw(sql, name = 'SQL', binds = [], &block)
+      sql = to_sql(sql, binds) if sql.respond_to?(:to_sql)
+
+      sql = repair_special_columns(sql)
+      if prepared_statements?
+        log(sql, name, binds) { @connection.execute_query_raw(sql, binds, &block) }
+      else
+        log(sql, name) { @connection.execute_query_raw(sql, &block) }
+      end
+    end
+
+    # @override
+    def release_savepoint(name = current_savepoint_name(false))
+      if @connection.jtds_driver?
+        @connection.release_savepoint(name)
+      else # MS invented it's "own" way
+        @connection.rollback_savepoint(name)
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def _execute(sql, name = nil)
+      # Match the start of the SQL to determine appropriate behavior.
+      # Be aware of multi-line SQL which might begin with 'create stored_proc'
+      # and contain 'insert into ...' lines.
+      # NOTE: ignoring comment blocks prior to the first statement ?!
+      if self.class.insert?(sql)
+        if id_insert_table_name = identity_insert_table_name(sql)
+          with_identity_insert_enabled(id_insert_table_name) do
+            @connection.execute_insert(sql)
+          end
+        else
+          @connection.execute_insert(sql)
+        end
+      elsif self.class.select?(sql)
+        @connection.execute_query_raw repair_special_columns(sql)
+      else # create | exec
+        @connection.execute_update(sql)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def identity_insert_table_name(sql)
+      table_name = get_table_name(sql)
+      id_column = identity_column_name(table_name)
+      if id_column && sql.strip =~ /INSERT INTO [^ ]+ ?\((.+?)\)/i
+        insert_columns = $1.split(/, */).map(&method(:unquote_column_name))
+        return table_name if insert_columns.include?(id_column)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def identity_column_name(table_name)
+      for column in columns(table_name)
+        return column.name if column.identity
+      end
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def repair_special_columns(sql)
+      qualified_table_name = get_table_name(sql, true)
+      if special_columns = special_column_names(qualified_table_name)
+        return sql if special_columns.empty?
+        special_columns = special_columns.sort { |n1, n2| n2.size <=> n1.size }
+        for column in special_columns
+          sql.gsub!(/\s?\[?#{column}\]?\s?=\s?/, " [#{column}] LIKE ")
+          sql.gsub!(/ORDER BY \[?#{column}([^\.\w]|$)\]?/i, '') # NOTE: a bit stupid
+        end
+      end
+      sql
+    end
+
+    def special_column_names(qualified_table_name)
+      columns = self.columns(qualified_table_name, nil, nil)
+      return columns if ! columns || columns.empty?
+      special = []
+      columns.each { |column| special << column.name if column.special? }
+      special
+    end
+
+    def sqlserver_2000?
+      sqlserver_version <= '2000'
+    end
+
+  end
+end
+
+require 'arjdbc/util/quoted_cache'
+
+module ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters
+
+  class MSSQLAdapter < JdbcAdapter
+    include ::ArJdbc::MSSQL
+    include ::ArJdbc::Util::QuotedCache
+
+    def initialize(*args)
+      ::ArJdbc::MSSQL.initialize!
+
+      super # configure_connection happens in super
+
+      setup_limit_offset!
+    end
+
+    def arel_visitor # :nodoc:
+      ( config && config[:sqlserver_version].to_s == '2000' ) ?
+          ::Arel::Visitors::SQLServer2000.new(self) :
+          ::Arel::Visitors::SQLServer.new(self)
+    end
+
+    def self.cs_equality_operator; ::ArJdbc::MSSQL.cs_equality_operator end
+    def self.cs_equality_operator=(operator); ::ArJdbc::MSSQL.cs_equality_operator = operator end
+
+  end
+
+  class MSSQLColumn < JdbcColumn
+    include ::ArJdbc::MSSQL::Column
+  end
+
+end