activeentity 0.0.1.beta1

data/lib/active_entity/errors.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ActiveEntity
+  # = Active Entity Errors
+  #
+  # Generic Active Entity exception class.
+  class ActiveEntityError < StandardError
+  end
+
+  # Raised when the single-table inheritance mechanism fails to locate the subclass
+  # (for example due to improper usage of column that
+  # {ActiveEntity::Base.inheritance_attribute}[rdoc-ref:ModelSchema::ClassMethods#inheritance_attribute]
+  # points to).
+  class SubclassNotFound < ActiveEntityError
+  end
+
+  # Raised when an object assigned to an association has an incorrect type.
+  #
+  #   class Ticket < ActiveEntity::Base
+  #     has_many :patches
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   class Patch < ActiveEntity::Base
+  #     belongs_to :ticket
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   # Comments are not patches, this assignment raises AssociationTypeMismatch.
+  #   @ticket.patches << Comment.new(content: "Please attach tests to your patch.")
+  class AssociationTypeMismatch < ActiveEntityError
+  end
+
+  # Raised when unserialized object's type mismatches one specified for serializable field.
+  class SerializationTypeMismatch < ActiveEntityError
+  end
+
+  # Raised when association is being configured improperly or user tries to use
+  # offset and limit together with
+  # {ActiveEntity::Base.has_many}[rdoc-ref:Associations::ClassMethods#has_many] or
+  # {ActiveEntity::Base.has_and_belongs_to_many}[rdoc-ref:Associations::ClassMethods#has_and_belongs_to_many]
+  # associations.
+  class ConfigurationError < ActiveEntityError
+  end
+
+  # Raised on attempt to update record that is instantiated as read only.
+  class ReadOnlyRecord < ActiveEntityError
+  end
+
+  # Raised when attribute has a name reserved by Active Entity (when attribute
+  # has name of one of Active Entity instance methods).
+  class DangerousAttributeError < ActiveEntityError
+  end
+
+  # Raised when unknown attributes are supplied via mass assignment.
+  UnknownAttributeError = ActiveModel::UnknownAttributeError
+
+  # Raised when an error occurred while doing a mass assignment to an attribute through the
+  # {ActiveEntity::Base#attributes=}[rdoc-ref:AttributeAssignment#attributes=] method.
+  # The exception has an +attribute+ property that is the name of the offending attribute.
+  class AttributeAssignmentError < ActiveEntityError
+    attr_reader :exception, :attribute
+
+    def initialize(message = nil, exception = nil, attribute = nil)
+      super(message)
+      @exception = exception
+      @attribute = attribute
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Raised when there are multiple errors while doing a mass assignment through the
+  # {ActiveEntity::Base#attributes=}[rdoc-ref:AttributeAssignment#attributes=]
+  # method. The exception has an +errors+ property that contains an array of AttributeAssignmentError
+  # objects, each corresponding to the error while assigning to an attribute.
+  class MultiparameterAssignmentErrors < ActiveEntityError
+    attr_reader :errors
+
+    def initialize(errors = nil)
+      @errors = errors
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_entity/gem_version.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module ActiveEntity
+  # Returns the version of the currently loaded Active Entity as a <tt>Gem::Version</tt>
+  def self.gem_version
+    Gem::Version.new VERSION::STRING
+  end
+
+  module VERSION
+    MAJOR = 0
+    MINOR = 0
+    TINY  = 1
+    PRE   = "beta1"
+
+    STRING = [MAJOR, MINOR, TINY, PRE].compact.join(".")
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_entity/inheritance.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
+
+module ActiveEntity
+  # == Single table inheritance
+  #
+  # Active Entity allows inheritance by storing the name of the class in a column that by
+  # default is named "type" (can be changed by overwriting <tt>Base.inheritance_attribute</tt>).
+  # This means that an inheritance looking like this:
+  #
+  #   class Company < ActiveEntity::Base; end
+  #   class Firm < Company; end
+  #   class Client < Company; end
+  #   class PriorityClient < Client; end
+  #
+  # When you do <tt>Firm.create(name: "37signals")</tt>, this record will be saved in
+  # the companies table with type = "Firm". You can then fetch this row again using
+  # <tt>Company.where(name: '37signals').first</tt> and it will return a Firm object.
+  #
+  # Be aware that because the type column is an attribute on the record every new
+  # subclass will instantly be marked as dirty and the type column will be included
+  # in the list of changed attributes on the record. This is different from non
+  # Single Table Inheritance(STI) classes:
+  #
+  #   Company.new.changed? # => false
+  #   Firm.new.changed?    # => true
+  #   Firm.new.changes     # => {"type"=>["","Firm"]}
+  #
+  # If you don't have a type column defined in your table, single-table inheritance won't
+  # be triggered. In that case, it'll work just like normal subclasses with no special magic
+  # for differentiating between them or reloading the right type with find.
+  #
+  # Note, all the attributes for all the cases are kept in the same table. Read more:
+  # https://www.martinfowler.com/eaaCatalog/singleTableInheritance.html
+  #
+  module Inheritance
+    extend ActiveSupport::Concern
+
+    included do
+      # Determines whether to store the full constant name including namespace when using STI.
+      # This is true, by default.
+      class_attribute :store_full_sti_class, instance_writer: false, default: true
+    end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+      # Determines if one of the attributes passed in is the inheritance column,
+      # and if the inheritance column is attr accessible, it initializes an
+      # instance of the given subclass instead of the base class.
+      def new(attributes = nil, &block)
+        if abstract_class? || self == Base
+          raise NotImplementedError, "#{self} is an abstract class and cannot be instantiated."
+        end
+
+        if has_attribute?(inheritance_attribute)
+          subclass = subclass_from_attributes(attributes)
+
+          if subclass.nil? && base_class?
+            subclass = subclass_from_attributes(_default_attributes)
+          end
+        end
+
+        if subclass && subclass != self
+          subclass.new(attributes, &block)
+        else
+          super
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Returns +true+ if this does not need STI type condition. Returns
+      # +false+ if STI type condition needs to be applied.
+      def descends_from_active_entity?
+        if self == Base
+          false
+        elsif superclass.abstract_class?
+          superclass.descends_from_active_entity?
+        else
+          superclass == Base || !has_attribute?(inheritance_attribute)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def finder_needs_type_condition? #:nodoc:
+        # This is like this because benchmarking justifies the strange :false stuff
+        :true == (@finder_needs_type_condition ||= descends_from_active_entity? ? :false : :true)
+      end
+
+      # Returns the class descending directly from ActiveEntity::Base, or
+      # an abstract class, if any, in the inheritance hierarchy.
+      #
+      # If A extends ActiveEntity::Base, A.base_class will return A. If B descends from A
+      # through some arbitrarily deep hierarchy, B.base_class will return A.
+      #
+      # If B < A and C < B and if A is an abstract_class then both B.base_class
+      # and C.base_class would return B as the answer since A is an abstract_class.
+      def base_class
+        unless self < Base
+          raise ActiveEntityError, "#{name} doesn't belong in a hierarchy descending from Active Entity"
+        end
+
+        if superclass == Base || superclass.abstract_class?
+          self
+        else
+          superclass.base_class
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Returns whether the class is a base class.
+      # See #base_class for more information.
+      def base_class?
+        base_class == self
+      end
+
+      # Set this to +true+ if this is an abstract class (see
+      # <tt>abstract_class?</tt>).
+      # If you are using inheritance with Active Entity and don't want a class
+      # to be considered as part of the STI hierarchy, you must set this to
+      # true.
+      # +ApplicationRecord+, for example, is generated as an abstract class.
+      #
+      # Consider the following default behaviour:
+      #
+      #   Shape = Class.new(ActiveEntity::Base)
+      #   Polygon = Class.new(Shape)
+      #   Square = Class.new(Polygon)
+      #
+      #   Shape.table_name   # => "shapes"
+      #   Polygon.table_name # => "shapes"
+      #   Square.table_name  # => "shapes"
+      #   Shape.create!      # => #<Shape id: 1, type: nil>
+      #   Polygon.create!    # => #<Polygon id: 2, type: "Polygon">
+      #   Square.create!     # => #<Square id: 3, type: "Square">
+      #
+      # However, when using <tt>abstract_class</tt>, +Shape+ is omitted from
+      # the hierarchy:
+      #
+      #   class Shape < ActiveEntity::Base
+      #     self.abstract_class = true
+      #   end
+      #   Polygon = Class.new(Shape)
+      #   Square = Class.new(Polygon)
+      #
+      #   Shape.table_name   # => nil
+      #   Polygon.table_name # => "polygons"
+      #   Square.table_name  # => "polygons"
+      #   Shape.create!      # => NotImplementedError: Shape is an abstract class and cannot be instantiated.
+      #   Polygon.create!    # => #<Polygon id: 1, type: nil>
+      #   Square.create!     # => #<Square id: 2, type: "Square">
+      #
+      # Note that in the above example, to disallow the creation of a plain
+      # +Polygon+, you should use <tt>validates :type, presence: true</tt>,
+      # instead of setting it as an abstract class. This way, +Polygon+ will
+      # stay in the hierarchy, and Active Entity will continue to correctly
+      # derive the table name.
+      attr_accessor :abstract_class
+
+      # Returns whether this class is an abstract class or not.
+      def abstract_class?
+        defined?(@abstract_class) && @abstract_class == true
+      end
+
+      def sti_name
+        store_full_sti_class ? name : name.demodulize
+      end
+
+      def inherited(subclass)
+        subclass.instance_variable_set(:@_type_candidates_cache, Concurrent::Map.new)
+        super
+      end
+
+      protected
+
+        # Returns the class type of the record using the current module as a prefix. So descendants of
+        # MyApp::Business::Account would appear as MyApp::Business::AccountSubclass.
+        def compute_type(type_name)
+          if type_name.start_with?("::")
+            # If the type is prefixed with a scope operator then we assume that
+            # the type_name is an absolute reference.
+            ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constantize(type_name)
+          else
+            type_candidate = @_type_candidates_cache[type_name]
+            if type_candidate && type_constant = ActiveSupport::Dependencies.safe_constantize(type_candidate)
+              return type_constant
+            end
+
+            # Build a list of candidates to search for
+            candidates = []
+            name.scan(/::|$/) { candidates.unshift "#{$`}::#{type_name}" }
+            candidates << type_name
+
+            candidates.each do |candidate|
+              constant = ActiveSupport::Dependencies.safe_constantize(candidate)
+              if candidate == constant.to_s
+                @_type_candidates_cache[type_name] = candidate
+                return constant
+              end
+            end
+
+            raise NameError.new("uninitialized constant #{candidates.first}", candidates.first)
+          end
+        end
+
+      private
+
+        # Called by +instantiate+ to decide which class to use for a new
+        # record instance. For single-table inheritance, we check the record
+        # for a +type+ column and return the corresponding class.
+        def discriminate_class_for_record(record)
+          if using_single_table_inheritance?(record)
+            find_sti_class(record[inheritance_attribute])
+          else
+            super
+          end
+        end
+
+        def using_single_table_inheritance?(record)
+          record[inheritance_attribute].present? && has_attribute?(inheritance_attribute)
+        end
+
+        def find_sti_class(type_name)
+          type_name = base_class.type_for_attribute(inheritance_attribute).cast(type_name)
+          subclass = begin
+            if store_full_sti_class
+              ActiveSupport::Dependencies.constantize(type_name)
+            else
+              compute_type(type_name)
+            end
+          rescue NameError
+            raise SubclassNotFound,
+                  "The single-table inheritance mechanism failed to locate the subclass: '#{type_name}'. " \
+                  "This error is raised because the attribute '#{inheritance_attribute}' is reserved for storing the class in case of inheritance. " \
+                  "Please rename this attribute if you didn't intend it to be used for storing the inheritance class " \
+                  "or overwrite #{name}.inheritance_attribute to use another attribute for that information."
+          end
+          unless subclass == self || descendants.include?(subclass)
+            raise SubclassNotFound, "Invalid single-table inheritance type: #{subclass.name} is not a subclass of #{name}"
+          end
+          subclass
+        end
+
+        # Detect the subclass from the inheritance column of attrs. If the inheritance column value
+        # is not self or a valid subclass, raises ActiveEntity::SubclassNotFound
+        def subclass_from_attributes(attrs)
+          attrs = attrs.to_h if attrs.respond_to?(:permitted?)
+          if attrs.is_a?(Hash)
+            subclass_name = attrs[inheritance_attribute] || attrs[inheritance_attribute.to_sym]
+
+            if subclass_name.present?
+              find_sti_class(subclass_name)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+    end
+
+    def initialize_dup(other)
+      super
+      ensure_proper_type
+    end
+
+    private
+
+      def initialize_internals_callback
+        super
+        ensure_proper_type
+      end
+
+      # Sets the attribute used for single table inheritance to this class name if this is not the
+      # ActiveEntity::Base descendant.
+      # Considering the hierarchy Reply < Message < ActiveEntity::Base, this makes it possible to
+      # do Reply.new without having to set <tt>Reply[Reply.inheritance_attribute] = "Reply"</tt> yourself.
+      # No such attribute would be set for objects of the Message class in that example.
+      def ensure_proper_type
+        klass = self.class
+        if klass.finder_needs_type_condition?
+          _write_attribute(klass.inheritance_attribute, klass.sti_name)
+        end
+      end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_entity/integration.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "active_support/core_ext/string/filters"
+
+module ActiveEntity
+  module Integration
+    extend ActiveSupport::Concern
+
+    # Returns a +String+, which Action Pack uses for constructing a URL to this
+    # object. The default implementation returns this record's id as a +String+,
+    # or +nil+ if this record's unsaved.
+    #
+    # For example, suppose that you have a User model, and that you have a
+    # <tt>resources :users</tt> route. Normally, +user_path+ will
+    # construct a path with the user object's 'id' in it:
+    #
+    #   user = User.find_by(name: 'Phusion')
+    #   user_path(user)  # => "/users/1"
+    #
+    # You can override +to_param+ in your model to make +user_path+ construct
+    # a path using the user's name instead of the user's id:
+    #
+    #   class User < ActiveEntity::Base
+    #     def to_param  # overridden
+    #       name
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    #   user = User.find_by(name: 'Phusion')
+    #   user_path(user)  # => "/users/Phusion"
+    def to_param
+      # We can't use alias_method here, because method 'id' optimizes itself on the fly.
+      id && id.to_s # Be sure to stringify the id for routes
+    end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+      # Defines your model's +to_param+ method to generate "pretty" URLs
+      # using +method_name+, which can be any attribute or method that
+      # responds to +to_s+.
+      #
+      #   class User < ActiveEntity::Base
+      #     to_param :name
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   user = User.find_by(name: 'Fancy Pants')
+      #   user.id         # => 123
+      #   user_path(user) # => "/users/123-fancy-pants"
+      #
+      # Values longer than 20 characters will be truncated. The value
+      # is truncated word by word.
+      #
+      #   user = User.find_by(name: 'David Heinemeier Hansson')
+      #   user.id         # => 125
+      #   user_path(user) # => "/users/125-david-heinemeier"
+      #
+      # Because the generated param begins with the record's +id+, it is
+      # suitable for passing to +find+. In a controller, for example:
+      #
+      #   params[:id]               # => "123-fancy-pants"
+      #   User.find(params[:id]).id # => 123
+      def to_param(method_name = nil)
+        if method_name.nil?
+          super()
+        else
+          define_method :to_param do
+            if (default = super()) &&
+                 (result = send(method_name).to_s).present? &&
+                   (param = result.squish.parameterize.truncate(20, separator: /-/, omission: "")).present?
+              "#{default}-#{param}"
+            else
+              default
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end