active_module 0.6.0 → 0.6.2

data/vendor/bundle/ruby/4.0.0/gems/json-2.19.5/ext/json/ext/parser/parser.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1715 @@
+#include "../json.h"
+#include "../vendor/ryu.h"
+#include "../simd/simd.h"
+
+static VALUE mJSON, eNestingError, Encoding_UTF_8;
+static VALUE CNaN, CInfinity, CMinusInfinity;
+
+static ID i_new, i_try_convert, i_uminus, i_encode;
+
+static VALUE sym_max_nesting, sym_allow_nan, sym_allow_trailing_comma, sym_allow_control_characters,
+             sym_allow_invalid_escape, sym_symbolize_names, sym_freeze, sym_decimal_class, sym_on_load,
+             sym_allow_duplicate_key;
+
+static int binary_encindex;
+static int utf8_encindex;
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_HASH_BULK_INSERT
+// For TruffleRuby
+static void
+rb_hash_bulk_insert(long count, const VALUE *pairs, VALUE hash)
+{
+    long index = 0;
+    while (index < count) {
+        VALUE name = pairs[index++];
+        VALUE value = pairs[index++];
+        rb_hash_aset(hash, name, value);
+    }
+    RB_GC_GUARD(hash);
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_HASH_NEW_CAPA
+#define rb_hash_new_capa(n) rb_hash_new()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef HAVE_RB_STR_TO_INTERNED_STR
+static VALUE rb_str_to_interned_str(VALUE str)
+{
+    return rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(str), i_uminus, 0);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* name cache */
+
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+// Object names are likely to be repeated, and are frozen.
+// As such we can re-use them if we keep a cache of the ones we've seen so far,
+// and save much more expensive lookups into the global fstring table.
+// This cache implementation is deliberately simple, as we're optimizing for compactness,
+// to be able to fit safely on the stack.
+// As such, binary search into a sorted array gives a good tradeoff between compactness and
+// performance.
+#define JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA 63
+typedef struct rvalue_cache_struct {
+    int length;
+    VALUE entries[JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA];
+} rvalue_cache;
+
+static rb_encoding *enc_utf8;
+
+#define JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH 55
+
+static inline VALUE build_interned_string(const char *str, const long length)
+{
+# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
+    return rb_enc_interned_str(str, length, enc_utf8);
+# else
+    VALUE rstring = rb_utf8_str_new(str, length);
+    return rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(rstring), i_uminus, 0);
+# endif
+}
+
+static inline VALUE build_symbol(const char *str, const long length)
+{
+    return rb_str_intern(build_interned_string(str, length));
+}
+
+static void rvalue_cache_insert_at(rvalue_cache *cache, int index, VALUE rstring)
+{
+    MEMMOVE(&cache->entries[index + 1], &cache->entries[index], VALUE, cache->length - index);
+    cache->length++;
+    cache->entries[index] = rstring;
+}
+
+#define rstring_cache_memcmp memcmp
+
+#if JSON_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN_64BITS
+#if __has_builtin(__builtin_bswap64)
+#undef rstring_cache_memcmp
+ALWAYS_INLINE(static) int rstring_cache_memcmp(const char *str, const char *rptr, const long length)
+{
+    // The libc memcmp has numerous complex optimizations, but in this particular case,
+    // we know the string is small (JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH), so being able to
+    // inline a simpler memcmp outperforms calling the libc version.
+    long i = 0;
+
+    for (; i + 8 <= length; i += 8) {
+        uint64_t a, b;
+        memcpy(&a, str + i, 8);
+        memcpy(&b, rptr + i, 8);
+        if (a != b) {
+            a = __builtin_bswap64(a);
+            b = __builtin_bswap64(b);
+            return (a < b) ? -1 : 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (; i < length; i++) {
+        if (str[i] != rptr[i]) {
+            return (str[i] < rptr[i]) ? -1 : 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif
+#endif
+
+ALWAYS_INLINE(static) int rstring_cache_cmp(const char *str, const long length, VALUE rstring)
+{
+    const char *rstring_ptr;
+    long rstring_length;
+
+    RSTRING_GETMEM(rstring, rstring_ptr, rstring_length);
+
+    if (length == rstring_length) {
+        return rstring_cache_memcmp(str, rstring_ptr, length);
+    } else {
+        return (int)(length - rstring_length);
+    }
+}
+
+ALWAYS_INLINE(static) VALUE rstring_cache_fetch(rvalue_cache *cache, const char *str, const long length)
+{
+    int low = 0;
+    int high = cache->length - 1;
+
+    while (low <= high) {
+        int mid = (high + low) >> 1;
+        VALUE entry = cache->entries[mid];
+        int cmp = rstring_cache_cmp(str, length, entry);
+
+        if (cmp == 0) {
+            return entry;
+        } else if (cmp > 0) {
+            low = mid + 1;
+        } else {
+            high = mid - 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    VALUE rstring = build_interned_string(str, length);
+
+    if (cache->length < JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA) {
+        rvalue_cache_insert_at(cache, low, rstring);
+    }
+    return rstring;
+}
+
+static VALUE rsymbol_cache_fetch(rvalue_cache *cache, const char *str, const long length)
+{
+    int low = 0;
+    int high = cache->length - 1;
+
+    while (low <= high) {
+        int mid = (high + low) >> 1;
+        VALUE entry = cache->entries[mid];
+        int cmp = rstring_cache_cmp(str, length, rb_sym2str(entry));
+
+        if (cmp == 0) {
+            return entry;
+        } else if (cmp > 0) {
+            low = mid + 1;
+        } else {
+            high = mid - 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    VALUE rsymbol = build_symbol(str, length);
+
+    if (cache->length < JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_CAPA) {
+        rvalue_cache_insert_at(cache, low, rsymbol);
+    }
+    return rsymbol;
+}
+
+/* rvalue stack */
+
+#define RVALUE_STACK_INITIAL_CAPA 128
+
+enum rvalue_stack_type {
+    RVALUE_STACK_HEAP_ALLOCATED = 0,
+    RVALUE_STACK_STACK_ALLOCATED = 1,
+};
+
+typedef struct rvalue_stack_struct {
+    enum rvalue_stack_type type;
+    long capa;
+    long head;
+    VALUE *ptr;
+} rvalue_stack;
+
+static rvalue_stack *rvalue_stack_spill(rvalue_stack *old_stack, VALUE *handle, rvalue_stack **stack_ref);
+
+static rvalue_stack *rvalue_stack_grow(rvalue_stack *stack, VALUE *handle, rvalue_stack **stack_ref)
+{
+    long required = stack->capa * 2;
+
+    if (stack->type == RVALUE_STACK_STACK_ALLOCATED) {
+        stack = rvalue_stack_spill(stack, handle, stack_ref);
+    } else {
+        REALLOC_N(stack->ptr, VALUE, required);
+        stack->capa = required;
+    }
+    return stack;
+}
+
+static VALUE rvalue_stack_push(rvalue_stack *stack, VALUE value, VALUE *handle, rvalue_stack **stack_ref)
+{
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(stack->head >= stack->capa)) {
+        stack = rvalue_stack_grow(stack, handle, stack_ref);
+    }
+    stack->ptr[stack->head] = value;
+    stack->head++;
+    return value;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE *rvalue_stack_peek(rvalue_stack *stack, long count)
+{
+    return stack->ptr + (stack->head - count);
+}
+
+static inline void rvalue_stack_pop(rvalue_stack *stack, long count)
+{
+    stack->head -= count;
+}
+
+static void rvalue_stack_mark(void *ptr)
+{
+    rvalue_stack *stack = (rvalue_stack *)ptr;
+    long index;
+    if (stack && stack->ptr) {
+        for (index = 0; index < stack->head; index++) {
+            rb_gc_mark(stack->ptr[index]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void rvalue_stack_free_buffer(rvalue_stack *stack)
+{
+    ruby_xfree(stack->ptr);
+    stack->ptr = NULL;
+}
+
+static void rvalue_stack_free(void *ptr)
+{
+    rvalue_stack *stack = (rvalue_stack *)ptr;
+    if (stack) {
+        rvalue_stack_free_buffer(stack);
+#ifndef HAVE_RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
+        ruby_xfree(stack);
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+static size_t rvalue_stack_memsize(const void *ptr)
+{
+    const rvalue_stack *stack = (const rvalue_stack *)ptr;
+    return sizeof(rvalue_stack) + sizeof(VALUE) * stack->capa;
+}
+
+static const rb_data_type_t JSON_Parser_rvalue_stack_type = {
+    .wrap_struct_name = "JSON::Ext::Parser/rvalue_stack",
+    .function = {
+        .dmark = rvalue_stack_mark,
+        .dfree = rvalue_stack_free,
+        .dsize = rvalue_stack_memsize,
+    },
+    .flags = RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE,
+};
+
+static rvalue_stack *rvalue_stack_spill(rvalue_stack *old_stack, VALUE *handle, rvalue_stack **stack_ref)
+{
+    rvalue_stack *stack;
+    *handle = TypedData_Make_Struct(0, rvalue_stack, &JSON_Parser_rvalue_stack_type, stack);
+    *stack_ref = stack;
+    MEMCPY(stack, old_stack, rvalue_stack, 1);
+
+    stack->capa = old_stack->capa << 1;
+    stack->ptr = ALLOC_N(VALUE, stack->capa);
+    stack->type = RVALUE_STACK_HEAP_ALLOCATED;
+    MEMCPY(stack->ptr, old_stack->ptr, VALUE, old_stack->head);
+    return stack;
+}
+
+static void rvalue_stack_eagerly_release(VALUE handle)
+{
+    if (handle) {
+        rvalue_stack *stack;
+        TypedData_Get_Struct(handle, rvalue_stack, &JSON_Parser_rvalue_stack_type, stack);
+#ifdef HAVE_RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE
+        rvalue_stack_free_buffer(stack);
+#else
+        rvalue_stack_free(stack);
+        RTYPEDDATA_DATA(handle) = NULL;
+#endif
+    }
+}
+
+static int convert_UTF32_to_UTF8(char *buf, uint32_t ch)
+{
+    int len = 1;
+    if (ch <= 0x7F) {
+        buf[0] = (char) ch;
+    } else if (ch <= 0x07FF) {
+        buf[0] = (char) ((ch >> 6) | 0xC0);
+        buf[1] = (char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        len++;
+    } else if (ch <= 0xFFFF) {
+        buf[0] = (char) ((ch >> 12) | 0xE0);
+        buf[1] = (char) (((ch >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        buf[2] = (char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        len += 2;
+    } else if (ch <= 0x1fffff) {
+        buf[0] =(char) ((ch >> 18) | 0xF0);
+        buf[1] =(char) (((ch >> 12) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        buf[2] =(char) (((ch >> 6) & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        buf[3] =(char) ((ch & 0x3F) | 0x80);
+        len += 3;
+    } else {
+        buf[0] = '?';
+    }
+    return len;
+}
+
+enum duplicate_key_action {
+    JSON_DEPRECATED = 0,
+    JSON_IGNORE,
+    JSON_RAISE,
+};
+
+typedef struct JSON_ParserStruct {
+    VALUE on_load_proc;
+    VALUE decimal_class;
+    ID decimal_method_id;
+    enum duplicate_key_action on_duplicate_key;
+    int max_nesting;
+    bool allow_nan;
+    bool allow_trailing_comma;
+    bool allow_control_characters;
+    bool allow_invalid_escape;
+    bool symbolize_names;
+    bool freeze;
+} JSON_ParserConfig;
+
+typedef struct JSON_ParserStateStruct {
+    VALUE *stack_handle;
+    const char *start;
+    const char *cursor;
+    const char *end;
+    rvalue_stack *stack;
+    rvalue_cache name_cache;
+    int in_array;
+    int current_nesting;
+    unsigned int emitted_deprecations;
+} JSON_ParserState;
+
+static inline size_t rest(JSON_ParserState *state) {
+    return state->end - state->cursor;
+}
+
+static inline bool eos(JSON_ParserState *state) {
+    return state->cursor >= state->end;
+}
+
+static inline char peek(JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(eos(state))) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return *state->cursor;
+}
+
+static void cursor_position(JSON_ParserState *state, long *line_out, long *column_out)
+{
+    const char *cursor = state->cursor;
+    long column = 0;
+    long line = 1;
+
+    while (cursor >= state->start) {
+        if (*cursor-- == '\n') {
+            break;
+        }
+        column++;
+    }
+
+    while (cursor >= state->start) {
+        if (*cursor-- == '\n') {
+            line++;
+        }
+    }
+    *line_out = line;
+    *column_out = column;
+}
+
+static void emit_parse_warning(const char *message, JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+    long line, column;
+    cursor_position(state, &line, &column);
+
+    VALUE warning = rb_sprintf("%s at line %ld column %ld", message, line, column);
+    rb_funcall(mJSON, rb_intern("deprecation_warning"), 1, warning);
+}
+
+#define PARSE_ERROR_FRAGMENT_LEN 32
+
+static VALUE build_parse_error_message(const char *format, JSON_ParserState *state, long line, long column)
+{
+    unsigned char buffer[PARSE_ERROR_FRAGMENT_LEN + 3];
+
+    const char *ptr = "EOF";
+    if (state->cursor && state->cursor < state->end) {
+        ptr = state->cursor;
+        size_t len = 0;
+        while (len < PARSE_ERROR_FRAGMENT_LEN) {
+            char ch = ptr[len];
+            if (!ch || ch == '\n' || ch == ' ' || ch == '\t' || ch == '\r') {
+                break;
+            }
+            len++;
+        }
+
+        if (len) {
+            buffer[0] = '\'';
+            MEMCPY(buffer + 1, ptr, char, len);
+
+            while (buffer[len] >= 0x80 && buffer[len] < 0xC0) { // Is continuation byte
+                len--;
+            }
+
+            if (buffer[len] >= 0xC0) { // multibyte character start
+                len--;
+            }
+
+            buffer[len + 1] = '\'';
+            buffer[len + 2] = '\0';
+            ptr = (const char *)buffer;
+        }
+    }
+
+    VALUE message = rb_enc_sprintf(enc_utf8, format, ptr);
+    rb_str_catf(message, " at line %ld column %ld", line, column);
+    return message;
+}
+
+static VALUE parse_error_new(VALUE message, long line, long column)
+{
+    VALUE exc = rb_exc_new_str(rb_path2class("JSON::ParserError"), message);
+    rb_ivar_set(exc, rb_intern("@line"), LONG2NUM(line));
+    rb_ivar_set(exc, rb_intern("@column"), LONG2NUM(column));
+    return exc;
+}
+
+NORETURN(static) void raise_parse_error(const char *format, JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+    long line, column;
+    cursor_position(state, &line, &column);
+    VALUE message = build_parse_error_message(format, state, line, column);
+    rb_exc_raise(parse_error_new(message, line, column));
+}
+
+NORETURN(static) void raise_parse_error_at(const char *format, JSON_ParserState *state, const char *at)
+{
+    state->cursor = at;
+    raise_parse_error(format, state);
+}
+
+/* unicode */
+
+static const signed char digit_values[256] = {
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
+    -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1
+};
+
+static uint32_t unescape_unicode(JSON_ParserState *state, const char *sp, const char *spe)
+{
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(sp > spe - 4)) {
+        raise_parse_error_at("incomplete unicode character escape sequence at %s", state, sp - 2);
+    }
+
+    const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)sp;
+
+    const signed char b0 = digit_values[p[0]];
+    const signed char b1 = digit_values[p[1]];
+    const signed char b2 = digit_values[p[2]];
+    const signed char b3 = digit_values[p[3]];
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY((signed char)(b0 | b1 | b2 | b3) < 0)) {
+        raise_parse_error_at("incomplete unicode character escape sequence at %s", state, sp - 2);
+    }
+
+    return ((uint32_t)b0 << 12) | ((uint32_t)b1 << 8) | ((uint32_t)b2 << 4) | (uint32_t)b3;
+}
+
+#define GET_PARSER_CONFIG                          \
+    JSON_ParserConfig *config;                      \
+    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, JSON_ParserConfig, &JSON_ParserConfig_type, config)
+
+static const rb_data_type_t JSON_ParserConfig_type;
+
+static void
+json_eat_comments(JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+    const char *start = state->cursor;
+    state->cursor++;
+
+    switch (peek(state)) {
+        case '/': {
+            state->cursor = memchr(state->cursor, '\n', state->end - state->cursor);
+            if (!state->cursor) {
+                state->cursor = state->end;
+            } else {
+                state->cursor++;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        case '*': {
+            state->cursor++;
+
+            while (true) {
+                const char *next_match = memchr(state->cursor, '*', state->end - state->cursor);
+                if (!next_match) {
+                    raise_parse_error_at("unterminated comment, expected closing '*/'", state, start);
+                }
+
+                state->cursor = next_match + 1;
+                if (peek(state) == '/') {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        default:
+            raise_parse_error_at("unexpected token %s", state, start);
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+ALWAYS_INLINE(static) void
+json_eat_whitespace(JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+    while (true) {
+        switch (peek(state)) {
+            case ' ':
+                state->cursor++;
+                break;
+            case '\n':
+                state->cursor++;
+
+                // Heuristic: if we see a newline, there is likely consecutive spaces after it.
+#if JSON_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN_64BITS
+                while (rest(state) > 8) {
+                    uint64_t chunk;
+                    memcpy(&chunk, state->cursor, sizeof(uint64_t));
+                    if (chunk == 0x2020202020202020) {
+                        state->cursor += 8;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    uint32_t consecutive_spaces = trailing_zeros64(chunk ^ 0x2020202020202020) / CHAR_BIT;
+                    state->cursor += consecutive_spaces;
+                    break;
+                }
+#endif
+                break;
+            case '\t':
+            case '\r':
+                state->cursor++;
+                break;
+            case '/':
+                json_eat_comments(state);
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                return;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static inline VALUE build_string(const char *start, const char *end, bool intern, bool symbolize)
+{
+    if (symbolize) {
+        intern = true;
+    }
+    VALUE result;
+# ifdef HAVE_RB_ENC_INTERNED_STR
+    if (intern) {
+      result = rb_enc_interned_str(start, (long)(end - start), enc_utf8);
+    } else {
+      result = rb_utf8_str_new(start, (long)(end - start));
+    }
+# else
+    result = rb_utf8_str_new(start, (long)(end - start));
+    if (intern) {
+        result = rb_funcall(rb_str_freeze(result), i_uminus, 0);
+    }
+# endif
+
+    if (symbolize) {
+      result = rb_str_intern(result);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+static inline bool json_string_cacheable_p(const char *string, size_t length)
+{
+    //  We mostly want to cache strings that are likely to be repeated.
+    // Simple heuristics:
+    //  - Common names aren't likely to be very long. So we just don't cache names above an arbitrary threshold.
+    //  - If the first character isn't a letter, we're much less likely to see this string again.
+    return length <= JSON_RVALUE_CACHE_MAX_ENTRY_LENGTH && rb_isalpha(string[0]);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_string_fastpath(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, const char *string, const char *stringEnd, bool is_name)
+{
+    bool intern = is_name || config->freeze;
+    bool symbolize = is_name && config->symbolize_names;
+    size_t bufferSize = stringEnd - string;
+
+    if (is_name && state->in_array && RB_LIKELY(json_string_cacheable_p(string, bufferSize))) {
+        VALUE cached_key;
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(symbolize)) {
+            cached_key = rsymbol_cache_fetch(&state->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
+        } else {
+            cached_key = rstring_cache_fetch(&state->name_cache, string, bufferSize);
+        }
+
+        if (RB_LIKELY(cached_key)) {
+            return cached_key;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return build_string(string, stringEnd, intern, symbolize);
+}
+
+#define JSON_MAX_UNESCAPE_POSITIONS 16
+typedef struct _json_unescape_positions {
+    long size;
+    const char **positions;
+    unsigned long additional_backslashes;
+} JSON_UnescapePositions;
+
+static inline const char *json_next_backslash(const char *pe, const char *stringEnd, JSON_UnescapePositions *positions)
+{
+    while (positions->size) {
+        positions->size--;
+        const char *next_position = positions->positions[0];
+        positions->positions++;
+        if (next_position >= pe) {
+            return next_position;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (positions->additional_backslashes) {
+        positions->additional_backslashes--;
+        return memchr(pe, '\\', stringEnd - pe);
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+NOINLINE(static) VALUE json_string_unescape(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, const char *string, const char *stringEnd, bool is_name, JSON_UnescapePositions *positions)
+{
+    bool intern = is_name || config->freeze;
+    bool symbolize = is_name && config->symbolize_names;
+    size_t bufferSize = stringEnd - string;
+    const char *p = string, *pe = string, *bufferStart;
+    char *buffer;
+
+    VALUE result = rb_str_buf_new(bufferSize);
+    rb_enc_associate_index(result, utf8_encindex);
+    buffer = RSTRING_PTR(result);
+    bufferStart = buffer;
+
+#define APPEND_CHAR(chr) *buffer++ = chr; p = ++pe;
+
+    while (pe < stringEnd && (pe = json_next_backslash(pe, stringEnd, positions))) {
+        if (pe > p) {
+          MEMCPY(buffer, p, char, pe - p);
+          buffer += pe - p;
+        }
+        switch (*++pe) {
+            case '"':
+            case '/':
+                p = pe; // nothing to unescape just need to skip the backslash
+                break;
+            case '\\':
+                APPEND_CHAR('\\');
+                break;
+            case 'n':
+                APPEND_CHAR('\n');
+                break;
+            case 'r':
+                APPEND_CHAR('\r');
+                break;
+            case 't':
+                APPEND_CHAR('\t');
+                break;
+            case 'b':
+                APPEND_CHAR('\b');
+                break;
+            case 'f':
+                APPEND_CHAR('\f');
+                break;
+            case 'u': {
+                uint32_t ch = unescape_unicode(state, ++pe, stringEnd);
+                pe += 3;
+                /* To handle values above U+FFFF, we take a sequence of
+                 * \uXXXX escapes in the U+D800..U+DBFF then
+                 * U+DC00..U+DFFF ranges, take the low 10 bits from each
+                 * to make a 20-bit number, then add 0x10000 to get the
+                 * final codepoint.
+                 *
+                 * See Unicode 15: 3.8 "Surrogates", 5.3 "Handling
+                 * Surrogate Pairs in UTF-16", and 23.6 "Surrogates
+                 * Area".
+                 */
+                if ((ch & 0xFC00) == 0xD800) {
+                    pe++;
+                    if (RB_LIKELY((pe <= stringEnd - 6) && memcmp(pe, "\\u", 2) == 0)) {
+                        uint32_t sur = unescape_unicode(state, pe + 2, stringEnd);
+
+                        if (RB_UNLIKELY((sur & 0xFC00) != 0xDC00)) {
+                            raise_parse_error_at("invalid surrogate pair at %s", state, p);
+                        }
+
+                        ch = (((ch & 0x3F) << 10) | ((((ch >> 6) & 0xF) + 1) << 16) | (sur & 0x3FF));
+                        pe += 5;
+                    } else {
+                        raise_parse_error_at("incomplete surrogate pair at %s", state, p);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                int unescape_len = convert_UTF32_to_UTF8(buffer, ch);
+                buffer += unescape_len;
+                p = ++pe;
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                if ((unsigned char)*pe < 0x20) {
+                    if (!config->allow_control_characters) {
+                        if (*pe == '\n') {
+                            raise_parse_error_at("Invalid unescaped newline character (\\n) in string: %s", state, pe - 1);
+                        }
+                        raise_parse_error_at("invalid ASCII control character in string: %s", state, pe - 1);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (config->allow_invalid_escape) {
+                    APPEND_CHAR(*pe);
+                } else {
+                    raise_parse_error_at("invalid escape character in string: %s", state, pe - 1);
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+#undef APPEND_CHAR
+
+    if (stringEnd > p) {
+      MEMCPY(buffer, p, char, stringEnd - p);
+      buffer += stringEnd - p;
+    }
+    rb_str_set_len(result, buffer - bufferStart);
+
+    if (symbolize) {
+        result = rb_str_intern(result);
+    } else if (intern) {
+        result = rb_str_to_interned_str(result);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+#define MAX_FAST_INTEGER_SIZE 18
+#define MAX_NUMBER_STACK_BUFFER 128
+
+typedef VALUE (*json_number_decode_func_t)(const char *ptr);
+
+static inline VALUE json_decode_large_number(const char *start, long len, json_number_decode_func_t func)
+{
+    if (RB_LIKELY(len < MAX_NUMBER_STACK_BUFFER)) {
+        char buffer[MAX_NUMBER_STACK_BUFFER];
+        MEMCPY(buffer, start, char, len);
+        buffer[len] = '\0';
+        return func(buffer);
+    } else {
+        VALUE buffer_v = rb_str_tmp_new(len);
+        char *buffer = RSTRING_PTR(buffer_v);
+        MEMCPY(buffer, start, char, len);
+        buffer[len] = '\0';
+        VALUE number = func(buffer);
+        RB_GC_GUARD(buffer_v);
+        return number;
+    }
+}
+
+static VALUE json_decode_inum(const char *buffer)
+{
+    return rb_cstr2inum(buffer, 10);
+}
+
+NOINLINE(static) VALUE json_decode_large_integer(const char *start, long len)
+{
+    return json_decode_large_number(start, len, json_decode_inum);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_decode_integer(uint64_t mantissa, int mantissa_digits, bool negative, const char *start, const char *end)
+{
+    if (RB_LIKELY(mantissa_digits < MAX_FAST_INTEGER_SIZE)) {
+        if (negative) {
+            return INT64T2NUM(-((int64_t)mantissa));
+        }
+        return UINT64T2NUM(mantissa);
+    }
+
+    return json_decode_large_integer(start, end - start);
+}
+
+static VALUE json_decode_dnum(const char *buffer)
+{
+    return DBL2NUM(rb_cstr_to_dbl(buffer, 1));
+}
+
+NOINLINE(static) VALUE json_decode_large_float(const char *start, long len)
+{
+    return json_decode_large_number(start, len, json_decode_dnum);
+}
+
+/* Ruby JSON optimized float decoder using vendored Ryu algorithm
+ * Accepts pre-extracted mantissa and exponent from first-pass validation
+ */
+static inline VALUE json_decode_float(JSON_ParserConfig *config, uint64_t mantissa, int mantissa_digits, int64_t exponent, bool negative,
+                                          const char *start, const char *end)
+{
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(config->decimal_class)) {
+        VALUE text = rb_str_new(start, end - start);
+        return rb_funcallv(config->decimal_class, config->decimal_method_id, 1, &text);
+    }
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(exponent > INT32_MAX)) {
+        return negative ? CMinusInfinity : CInfinity;
+    }
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(exponent < INT32_MIN)) {
+        return rb_float_new(negative ? -0.0 : 0.0);
+    }
+
+    // Fall back to rb_cstr_to_dbl for potential subnormals (rare edge case)
+    // Ryu has rounding issues with subnormals around 1e-310 (< 2.225e-308)
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(mantissa_digits > 17 || mantissa_digits + exponent < -307)) {
+        return json_decode_large_float(start, end - start);
+    }
+
+    return DBL2NUM(ryu_s2d_from_parts(mantissa, mantissa_digits, (int32_t)exponent, negative));
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_decode_array(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, long count)
+{
+    VALUE array = rb_ary_new_from_values(count, rvalue_stack_peek(state->stack, count));
+    rvalue_stack_pop(state->stack, count);
+
+    if (config->freeze) {
+        RB_OBJ_FREEZE(array);
+    }
+
+    return array;
+}
+
+static VALUE json_find_duplicated_key(size_t count, const VALUE *pairs)
+{
+    VALUE set = rb_hash_new_capa(count / 2);
+    for (size_t index = 0; index < count; index += 2) {
+        size_t before = RHASH_SIZE(set);
+        VALUE key = pairs[index];
+        rb_hash_aset(set, key, Qtrue);
+        if (RHASH_SIZE(set) == before) {
+            if (RB_SYMBOL_P(key)) {
+                return rb_sym2str(key);
+            }
+            return key;
+        }
+    }
+    return Qfalse;
+}
+
+NOINLINE(static) void emit_duplicate_key_warning(JSON_ParserState *state, VALUE duplicate_key)
+{
+    VALUE message = rb_sprintf(
+        "detected duplicate key %"PRIsVALUE" in JSON object. This will raise an error in json 3.0 unless enabled via `allow_duplicate_key: true`",
+        rb_inspect(duplicate_key)
+    );
+
+    emit_parse_warning(RSTRING_PTR(message), state);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(message);
+}
+
+NORETURN(static) void raise_duplicate_key_error(JSON_ParserState *state, VALUE duplicate_key)
+{
+    VALUE message = rb_sprintf(
+        "duplicate key %"PRIsVALUE,
+        rb_inspect(duplicate_key)
+    );
+
+    long line, column;
+    cursor_position(state, &line, &column);
+    rb_str_concat(message, build_parse_error_message("", state, line, column)) ;
+    rb_exc_raise(parse_error_new(message, line, column));
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_decode_object(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, size_t count)
+{
+    size_t entries_count = count / 2;
+    VALUE object = rb_hash_new_capa(entries_count);
+    const VALUE *pairs = rvalue_stack_peek(state->stack, count);
+    rb_hash_bulk_insert(count, pairs, object);
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(RHASH_SIZE(object) < entries_count)) {
+        switch (config->on_duplicate_key) {
+            case JSON_IGNORE:
+                break;
+            case JSON_DEPRECATED:
+                // Only emit the first few deprecations to avoid spamming.
+                if (state->emitted_deprecations < 5) {
+                    emit_duplicate_key_warning(state, json_find_duplicated_key(count, pairs));
+                    state->emitted_deprecations++;
+                }
+
+                break;
+            case JSON_RAISE:
+                raise_duplicate_key_error(state, json_find_duplicated_key(count, pairs));
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    rvalue_stack_pop(state->stack, count);
+
+    if (config->freeze) {
+        RB_OBJ_FREEZE(object);
+    }
+
+    return object;
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_push_value(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, VALUE value)
+{
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(config->on_load_proc)) {
+        value = rb_proc_call_with_block(config->on_load_proc, 1, &value, Qnil);
+    }
+    rvalue_stack_push(state->stack, value, state->stack_handle, &state->stack);
+    return value;
+}
+
+static const bool string_scan_table[256] = {
+    // ASCII Control Characters
+     1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+     1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+    // ASCII Characters
+     0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // '"'
+     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, // '\\'
+     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+     0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+};
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SIMD
+static SIMD_Implementation simd_impl = SIMD_NONE;
+#endif /* HAVE_SIMD */
+
+ALWAYS_INLINE(static) bool string_scan(JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_SIMD
+#if defined(HAVE_SIMD_NEON)
+
+    uint64_t mask = 0;
+    if (string_scan_simd_neon(&state->cursor, state->end, &mask)) {
+        state->cursor += trailing_zeros64(mask) >> 2;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+#elif defined(HAVE_SIMD_SSE2)
+    if (simd_impl == SIMD_SSE2) {
+        int mask = 0;
+        if (string_scan_simd_sse2(&state->cursor, state->end, &mask)) {
+            state->cursor += trailing_zeros(mask);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+#endif /* HAVE_SIMD_NEON or HAVE_SIMD_SSE2 */
+#endif /* HAVE_SIMD */
+
+    while (!eos(state)) {
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(string_scan_table[(unsigned char)*state->cursor])) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        state->cursor++;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static VALUE json_parse_escaped_string(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, bool is_name, const char *start)
+{
+    const char *backslashes[JSON_MAX_UNESCAPE_POSITIONS];
+    JSON_UnescapePositions positions = {
+        .size = 0,
+        .positions = backslashes,
+        .additional_backslashes = 0,
+    };
+
+    do {
+        switch (*state->cursor) {
+            case '"': {
+                VALUE string = json_string_unescape(state, config, start, state->cursor, is_name, &positions);
+                state->cursor++;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, string);
+            }
+            case '\\': {
+                if (RB_LIKELY(positions.size < JSON_MAX_UNESCAPE_POSITIONS)) {
+                    backslashes[positions.size] = state->cursor;
+                    positions.size++;
+                } else {
+                    positions.additional_backslashes++;
+                }
+                state->cursor++;
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                if (!config->allow_control_characters) {
+                    raise_parse_error("invalid ASCII control character in string: %s", state);
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+
+        state->cursor++;
+    } while (string_scan(state));
+
+    raise_parse_error("unexpected end of input, expected closing \"", state);
+    return Qfalse;
+}
+
+ALWAYS_INLINE(static) VALUE json_parse_string(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, bool is_name)
+{
+    state->cursor++;
+    const char *start = state->cursor;
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY(!string_scan(state))) {
+        raise_parse_error("unexpected end of input, expected closing \"", state);
+    }
+
+    if (RB_LIKELY(*state->cursor == '"')) {
+        VALUE string = json_string_fastpath(state, config, start, state->cursor, is_name);
+        state->cursor++;
+        return json_push_value(state, config, string);
+    }
+    return json_parse_escaped_string(state, config, is_name, start);
+}
+
+#if JSON_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN_64BITS
+// From: https://lemire.me/blog/2022/01/21/swar-explained-parsing-eight-digits/
+// Additional References:
+// https://johnnylee-sde.github.io/Fast-numeric-string-to-int/
+// http://0x80.pl/notesen/2014-10-12-parsing-decimal-numbers-part-1-swar.html
+static inline uint64_t decode_8digits_unrolled(uint64_t val) {
+    const uint64_t mask = 0x000000FF000000FF;
+    const uint64_t mul1 = 0x000F424000000064; // 100 + (1000000ULL << 32)
+    const uint64_t mul2 = 0x0000271000000001; // 1 + (10000ULL << 32)
+    val -= 0x3030303030303030;
+    val = (val * 10) + (val >> 8); // val = (val * 2561) >> 8;
+    val = (((val & mask) * mul1) + (((val >> 16) & mask) * mul2)) >> 32;
+    return val;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t decode_4digits_unrolled(uint32_t val) {
+    const uint32_t mask = 0x000000FF;
+    const uint32_t mul1 = 100;
+    val -= 0x30303030;
+    val = (val * 10) + (val >> 8); // val = (val * 2561) >> 8;
+    val = ((val & mask) * mul1) + (((val >> 16) & mask));
+    return val;
+}
+#endif
+
+static inline int json_parse_digits(JSON_ParserState *state, uint64_t *accumulator)
+{
+    const char *start = state->cursor;
+
+#if JSON_CPU_LITTLE_ENDIAN_64BITS
+    while (rest(state) >= sizeof(uint64_t)) {
+        uint64_t next_8bytes;
+        memcpy(&next_8bytes, state->cursor, sizeof(uint64_t));
+
+        // From: https://github.com/simdjson/simdjson/blob/32b301893c13d058095a07d9868edaaa42ee07aa/include/simdjson/generic/numberparsing.h#L333
+        // Branchless version of: http://0x80.pl/articles/swar-digits-validate.html
+        uint64_t match = (next_8bytes & 0xF0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0) | (((next_8bytes + 0x0606060606060606) & 0xF0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0) >> 4);
+
+        if (match == 0x3333333333333333) { // 8 consecutive digits
+            *accumulator = (*accumulator * 100000000) + decode_8digits_unrolled(next_8bytes);
+            state->cursor += 8;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        uint32_t consecutive_digits = trailing_zeros64(match ^ 0x3333333333333333) / CHAR_BIT;
+
+        if (consecutive_digits >= 4) {
+            *accumulator = (*accumulator * 10000) + decode_4digits_unrolled((uint32_t)next_8bytes);
+            state->cursor += 4;
+            consecutive_digits -= 4;
+        }
+
+        while (consecutive_digits) {
+            *accumulator = *accumulator * 10 + (*state->cursor - '0');
+            consecutive_digits--;
+            state->cursor++;
+        }
+
+        return (int)(state->cursor - start);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    char next_char;
+    while (rb_isdigit(next_char = peek(state))) {
+        *accumulator = *accumulator * 10 + (next_char - '0');
+        state->cursor++;
+    }
+    return (int)(state->cursor - start);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_parse_number(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config, bool negative, const char *start)
+{
+    bool integer = true;
+    const char first_digit = *state->cursor;
+
+    // Variables for Ryu optimization - extract digits during parsing
+    int64_t exponent = 0;
+    int decimal_point_pos = -1;
+    uint64_t mantissa = 0;
+
+    // Parse integer part and extract mantissa digits
+    int mantissa_digits = json_parse_digits(state, &mantissa);
+
+    if (RB_UNLIKELY((first_digit == '0' && mantissa_digits > 1) || (negative && mantissa_digits == 0))) {
+        raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
+    }
+
+    // Parse fractional part
+    if (peek(state) == '.') {
+        integer = false;
+        decimal_point_pos = mantissa_digits;  // Remember position of decimal point
+        state->cursor++;
+
+        int fractional_digits = json_parse_digits(state, &mantissa);
+        mantissa_digits += fractional_digits;
+
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(!fractional_digits)) {
+            raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Parse exponent
+    if (rb_tolower(peek(state)) == 'e') {
+        integer = false;
+        state->cursor++;
+
+        bool negative_exponent = false;
+        const char next_char = peek(state);
+        if (next_char == '-' || next_char == '+') {
+            negative_exponent = next_char == '-';
+            state->cursor++;
+        }
+
+        uint64_t abs_exponent = 0;
+        int exponent_digits = json_parse_digits(state, &abs_exponent);
+
+        if (RB_UNLIKELY(!exponent_digits)) {
+            raise_parse_error_at("invalid number: %s", state, start);
+        }
+
+        exponent = negative_exponent ? -abs_exponent : abs_exponent;
+    }
+
+    if (integer) {
+        return json_decode_integer(mantissa, mantissa_digits, negative, start, state->cursor);
+    }
+
+    // Adjust exponent based on decimal point position
+    if (decimal_point_pos >= 0) {
+        exponent -= (mantissa_digits - decimal_point_pos);
+    }
+
+    return json_decode_float(config, mantissa, mantissa_digits, exponent, negative, start, state->cursor);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_parse_positive_number(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
+{
+    return json_parse_number(state, config, false, state->cursor);
+}
+
+static inline VALUE json_parse_negative_number(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
+{
+    const char *start = state->cursor;
+    state->cursor++;
+    return json_parse_number(state, config, true, start);
+}
+
+static VALUE json_parse_any(JSON_ParserState *state, JSON_ParserConfig *config)
+{
+    json_eat_whitespace(state);
+
+    switch (peek(state)) {
+        case 'n':
+            if (rest(state) >= 4 && (memcmp(state->cursor, "null", 4) == 0)) {
+                state->cursor += 4;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, Qnil);
+            }
+
+            raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
+            break;
+        case 't':
+            if (rest(state) >= 4 && (memcmp(state->cursor, "true", 4) == 0)) {
+                state->cursor += 4;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, Qtrue);
+            }
+
+            raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
+            break;
+        case 'f':
+            // Note: memcmp with a small power of two compile to an integer comparison
+            if (rest(state) >= 5 && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "alse", 4) == 0)) {
+                state->cursor += 5;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, Qfalse);
+            }
+
+            raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
+            break;
+        case 'N':
+            // Note: memcmp with a small power of two compile to an integer comparison
+            if (config->allow_nan && rest(state) >= 3 && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "aN", 2) == 0)) {
+                state->cursor += 3;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, CNaN);
+            }
+
+            raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
+            break;
+        case 'I':
+            if (config->allow_nan && rest(state) >= 8 && (memcmp(state->cursor, "Infinity", 8) == 0)) {
+                state->cursor += 8;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, CInfinity);
+            }
+
+            raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
+            break;
+        case '-': {
+            // Note: memcmp with a small power of two compile to an integer comparison
+            if (rest(state) >= 9 && (memcmp(state->cursor + 1, "Infinity", 8) == 0)) {
+                if (config->allow_nan) {
+                    state->cursor += 9;
+                    return json_push_value(state, config, CMinusInfinity);
+                } else {
+                    raise_parse_error("unexpected token %s", state);
+                }
+            }
+            return json_push_value(state, config, json_parse_negative_number(state, config));
+            break;
+        }
+        case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
+            return json_push_value(state, config, json_parse_positive_number(state, config));
+            break;
+        case '"': {
+            // %r{\A"[^"\\\t\n\x00]*(?:\\[bfnrtu\\/"][^"\\]*)*"}
+            return json_parse_string(state, config, false);
+            break;
+        }
+        case '[': {
+            state->cursor++;
+            json_eat_whitespace(state);
+            long stack_head = state->stack->head;
+
+            if (peek(state) == ']') {
+                state->cursor++;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_array(state, config, 0));
+            } else {
+                state->current_nesting++;
+                if (RB_UNLIKELY(config->max_nesting && (config->max_nesting < state->current_nesting))) {
+                    rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", state->current_nesting);
+                }
+                state->in_array++;
+                json_parse_any(state, config);
+            }
+
+            while (true) {
+                json_eat_whitespace(state);
+
+                const char next_char = peek(state);
+
+                if (RB_LIKELY(next_char == ',')) {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    if (config->allow_trailing_comma) {
+                        json_eat_whitespace(state);
+                        if (peek(state) == ']') {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    json_parse_any(state, config);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (next_char == ']') {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    long count = state->stack->head - stack_head;
+                    state->current_nesting--;
+                    state->in_array--;
+                    return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_array(state, config, count));
+                }
+
+                raise_parse_error("expected ',' or ']' after array value", state);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        case '{': {
+            const char *object_start_cursor = state->cursor;
+
+            state->cursor++;
+            json_eat_whitespace(state);
+            long stack_head = state->stack->head;
+
+            if (peek(state) == '}') {
+                state->cursor++;
+                return json_push_value(state, config, json_decode_object(state, config, 0));
+            } else {
+                state->current_nesting++;
+                if (RB_UNLIKELY(config->max_nesting && (config->max_nesting < state->current_nesting))) {
+                    rb_raise(eNestingError, "nesting of %d is too deep", state->current_nesting);
+                }
+
+                if (peek(state) != '"') {
+                    raise_parse_error("expected object key, got %s", state);
+                }
+                json_parse_string(state, config, true);
+
+                json_eat_whitespace(state);
+                if (peek(state) != ':') {
+                    raise_parse_error("expected ':' after object key", state);
+                }
+                state->cursor++;
+
+                json_parse_any(state, config);
+            }
+
+            while (true) {
+                json_eat_whitespace(state);
+
+                const char next_char = peek(state);
+                if (next_char == '}') {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    state->current_nesting--;
+                    size_t count = state->stack->head - stack_head;
+
+                    // Temporary rewind cursor in case an error is raised
+                    const char *final_cursor = state->cursor;
+                    state->cursor = object_start_cursor;
+                    VALUE object = json_decode_object(state, config, count);
+                    state->cursor = final_cursor;
+
+                    return json_push_value(state, config, object);
+                }
+
+                if (next_char == ',') {
+                    state->cursor++;
+                    json_eat_whitespace(state);
+
+                    if (config->allow_trailing_comma) {
+                        if (peek(state) == '}') {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (RB_UNLIKELY(peek(state) != '"')) {
+                        raise_parse_error("expected object key, got: %s", state);
+                    }
+                    json_parse_string(state, config, true);
+
+                    json_eat_whitespace(state);
+                    if (RB_UNLIKELY(peek(state) != ':')) {
+                        raise_parse_error("expected ':' after object key, got: %s", state);
+                    }
+                    state->cursor++;
+
+                    json_parse_any(state, config);
+
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                raise_parse_error("expected ',' or '}' after object value, got: %s", state);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case 0:
+            raise_parse_error("unexpected end of input", state);
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            raise_parse_error("unexpected character: %s", state);
+            break;
+    }
+
+    raise_parse_error("unreachable: %s", state);
+    return Qundef;
+}
+
+static void json_ensure_eof(JSON_ParserState *state)
+{
+    json_eat_whitespace(state);
+    if (!eos(state)) {
+        raise_parse_error("unexpected token at end of stream %s", state);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Document-class: JSON::Ext::Parser
+ *
+ * This is the JSON parser implemented as a C extension. It can be configured
+ * to be used by setting
+ *
+ *  JSON.parser = JSON::Ext::Parser
+ *
+ * with the method parser= in JSON.
+ *
+ */
+
+static VALUE convert_encoding(VALUE source)
+{
+  int encindex = RB_ENCODING_GET(source);
+
+  if (RB_LIKELY(encindex == utf8_encindex)) {
+    return source;
+  }
+
+ if (encindex == binary_encindex) {
+    // For historical reason, we silently reinterpret binary strings as UTF-8
+    return rb_enc_associate_index(rb_str_dup(source), utf8_encindex);
+  }
+
+  return rb_funcall(source, i_encode, 1, Encoding_UTF_8);
+}
+
+static int parser_config_init_i(VALUE key, VALUE val, VALUE data)
+{
+    JSON_ParserConfig *config = (JSON_ParserConfig *)data;
+
+         if (key == sym_max_nesting)                { config->max_nesting = RTEST(val) ? FIX2INT(val) : 0; }
+    else if (key == sym_allow_nan)                  { config->allow_nan = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_allow_trailing_comma)       { config->allow_trailing_comma = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_allow_control_characters)   { config->allow_control_characters = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_allow_invalid_escape)       { config->allow_invalid_escape = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_symbolize_names)            { config->symbolize_names = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_freeze)                     { config->freeze = RTEST(val); }
+    else if (key == sym_on_load)                    { config->on_load_proc = RTEST(val) ? val : Qfalse; }
+    else if (key == sym_allow_duplicate_key)        { config->on_duplicate_key = RTEST(val) ? JSON_IGNORE : JSON_RAISE; }
+    else if (key == sym_decimal_class)              {
+        if (RTEST(val)) {
+            if (rb_respond_to(val, i_try_convert)) {
+                config->decimal_class = val;
+                config->decimal_method_id = i_try_convert;
+            } else if (rb_respond_to(val, i_new)) {
+                config->decimal_class = val;
+                config->decimal_method_id = i_new;
+            } else if (RB_TYPE_P(val, T_CLASS)) {
+                VALUE name = rb_class_name(val);
+                const char *name_cstr = RSTRING_PTR(name);
+                const char *last_colon = strrchr(name_cstr, ':');
+                if (last_colon) {
+                    const char *mod_path_end = last_colon - 1;
+                    VALUE mod_path = rb_str_substr(name, 0, mod_path_end - name_cstr);
+                    config->decimal_class = rb_path_to_class(mod_path);
+
+                    const char *method_name_beg = last_colon + 1;
+                    long before_len = method_name_beg - name_cstr;
+                    long len = RSTRING_LEN(name) - before_len;
+                    VALUE method_name = rb_str_substr(name, before_len, len);
+                    config->decimal_method_id = SYM2ID(rb_str_intern(method_name));
+                } else {
+                    config->decimal_class = rb_mKernel;
+                    config->decimal_method_id = SYM2ID(rb_str_intern(name));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ST_CONTINUE;
+}
+
+static void parser_config_init(JSON_ParserConfig *config, VALUE opts)
+{
+    config->max_nesting = 100;
+
+    if (!NIL_P(opts)) {
+        Check_Type(opts, T_HASH);
+        if (RHASH_SIZE(opts) > 0) {
+            // We assume in most cases few keys are set so it's faster to go over
+            // the provided keys than to check all possible keys.
+            rb_hash_foreach(opts, parser_config_init_i, (VALUE)config);
+        }
+
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq: new(opts => {})
+ *
+ * Creates a new JSON::Ext::ParserConfig instance.
+ *
+ * It will be configured by the _opts_ hash. _opts_ can have the following
+ * keys:
+ *
+ * _opts_ can have the following keys:
+ * * *max_nesting*: The maximum depth of nesting allowed in the parsed data
+ *   structures. Disable depth checking with :max_nesting => false|nil|0, it
+ *   defaults to 100.
+ * * *allow_nan*: If set to true, allow NaN, Infinity and -Infinity in
+ *   defiance of RFC 4627 to be parsed by the Parser. This option defaults to
+ *   false.
+ * * *symbolize_names*: If set to true, returns symbols for the names
+ *   (keys) in a JSON object. Otherwise strings are returned, which is
+ *   also the default. It's not possible to use this option in
+ *   conjunction with the *create_additions* option.
+ * * *decimal_class*: Specifies which class to use instead of the default
+ *    (Float) when parsing decimal numbers. This class must accept a single
+ *    string argument in its constructor.
+ */
+static VALUE cParserConfig_initialize(VALUE self, VALUE opts)
+{
+    rb_check_frozen(self);
+    GET_PARSER_CONFIG;
+
+    parser_config_init(config, opts);
+
+    RB_OBJ_WRITTEN(self, Qundef, config->decimal_class);
+
+    return self;
+}
+
+static VALUE cParser_parse(JSON_ParserConfig *config, VALUE Vsource)
+{
+    Vsource = convert_encoding(StringValue(Vsource));
+    StringValue(Vsource);
+
+    VALUE rvalue_stack_buffer[RVALUE_STACK_INITIAL_CAPA];
+    rvalue_stack stack = {
+        .type = RVALUE_STACK_STACK_ALLOCATED,
+        .ptr = rvalue_stack_buffer,
+        .capa = RVALUE_STACK_INITIAL_CAPA,
+    };
+
+    long len;
+    const char *start;
+    RSTRING_GETMEM(Vsource, start, len);
+
+    VALUE stack_handle = 0;
+    JSON_ParserState _state = {
+        .start = start,
+        .cursor = start,
+        .end = start + len,
+        .stack = &stack,
+        .stack_handle = &stack_handle,
+    };
+    JSON_ParserState *state = &_state;
+
+    VALUE result = json_parse_any(state, config);
+
+    // This may be skipped in case of exception, but
+    // it won't cause a leak.
+    rvalue_stack_eagerly_release(stack_handle);
+    RB_GC_GUARD(stack_handle);
+    json_ensure_eof(state);
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * call-seq: parse(source)
+ *
+ *  Parses the current JSON text _source_ and returns the complete data
+ *  structure as a result.
+ *  It raises JSON::ParserError if fail to parse.
+ */
+static VALUE cParserConfig_parse(VALUE self, VALUE Vsource)
+{
+    GET_PARSER_CONFIG;
+    return cParser_parse(config, Vsource);
+}
+
+static VALUE cParser_m_parse(VALUE klass, VALUE Vsource, VALUE opts)
+{
+    Vsource = convert_encoding(StringValue(Vsource));
+    StringValue(Vsource);
+
+    JSON_ParserConfig _config = {0};
+    JSON_ParserConfig *config = &_config;
+    parser_config_init(config, opts);
+
+    return cParser_parse(config, Vsource);
+}
+
+static void JSON_ParserConfig_mark(void *ptr)
+{
+    JSON_ParserConfig *config = ptr;
+    rb_gc_mark(config->on_load_proc);
+    rb_gc_mark(config->decimal_class);
+}
+
+static size_t JSON_ParserConfig_memsize(const void *ptr)
+{
+    return sizeof(JSON_ParserConfig);
+}
+
+static const rb_data_type_t JSON_ParserConfig_type = {
+    .wrap_struct_name = "JSON::Ext::Parser/ParserConfig",
+    .function = {
+        JSON_ParserConfig_mark,
+        RUBY_DEFAULT_FREE,
+        JSON_ParserConfig_memsize,
+    },
+    .flags = RUBY_TYPED_FREE_IMMEDIATELY | RUBY_TYPED_WB_PROTECTED | RUBY_TYPED_FROZEN_SHAREABLE | RUBY_TYPED_EMBEDDABLE,
+};
+
+static VALUE cJSON_parser_s_allocate(VALUE klass)
+{
+    JSON_ParserConfig *config;
+    return TypedData_Make_Struct(klass, JSON_ParserConfig, &JSON_ParserConfig_type, config);
+}
+
+void Init_parser(void)
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_RB_EXT_RACTOR_SAFE
+    rb_ext_ractor_safe(true);
+#endif
+
+#undef rb_intern
+    rb_require("json/common");
+    mJSON = rb_define_module("JSON");
+    VALUE mExt = rb_define_module_under(mJSON, "Ext");
+    VALUE cParserConfig = rb_define_class_under(mExt, "ParserConfig", rb_cObject);
+    eNestingError = rb_path2class("JSON::NestingError");
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(eNestingError);
+    rb_define_alloc_func(cParserConfig, cJSON_parser_s_allocate);
+    rb_define_method(cParserConfig, "initialize", cParserConfig_initialize, 1);
+    rb_define_method(cParserConfig, "parse", cParserConfig_parse, 1);
+
+    VALUE cParser = rb_define_class_under(mExt, "Parser", rb_cObject);
+    rb_define_singleton_method(cParser, "parse", cParser_m_parse, 2);
+
+    CNaN = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("NaN"));
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(CNaN);
+
+    CInfinity = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("Infinity"));
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(CInfinity);
+
+    CMinusInfinity = rb_const_get(mJSON, rb_intern("MinusInfinity"));
+    rb_gc_register_mark_object(CMinusInfinity);
+
+    rb_global_variable(&Encoding_UTF_8);
+    Encoding_UTF_8 = rb_const_get(rb_path2class("Encoding"), rb_intern("UTF_8"));
+
+    sym_max_nesting = ID2SYM(rb_intern("max_nesting"));
+    sym_allow_nan = ID2SYM(rb_intern("allow_nan"));
+    sym_allow_trailing_comma = ID2SYM(rb_intern("allow_trailing_comma"));
+    sym_allow_control_characters = ID2SYM(rb_intern("allow_control_characters"));
+    sym_allow_invalid_escape = ID2SYM(rb_intern("allow_invalid_escape"));
+    sym_symbolize_names = ID2SYM(rb_intern("symbolize_names"));
+    sym_freeze = ID2SYM(rb_intern("freeze"));
+    sym_on_load = ID2SYM(rb_intern("on_load"));
+    sym_decimal_class = ID2SYM(rb_intern("decimal_class"));
+    sym_allow_duplicate_key = ID2SYM(rb_intern("allow_duplicate_key"));
+
+    i_new = rb_intern("new");
+    i_try_convert = rb_intern("try_convert");
+    i_uminus = rb_intern("-@");
+    i_encode = rb_intern("encode");
+
+    binary_encindex = rb_ascii8bit_encindex();
+    utf8_encindex = rb_utf8_encindex();
+    enc_utf8 = rb_utf8_encoding();
+
+#ifdef HAVE_SIMD
+    simd_impl = find_simd_implementation();
+#endif
+}