actionpack 3.0.0.beta2

30 security vulnerabilities found in version 3.0.0.beta2

CVE-2013-0156 rubygem-activesupport: Multiple vulnerabilities in parameter parsing in ActionPack

critical severity CVE-2013-0156
critical severity CVE-2013-0156
Patched versions: ~> 2.3.15, ~> 3.0.19, ~> 3.1.10, >= 3.2.11

active_support/core_ext/hash/conversions.rb in Ruby on Rails before 2.3.15, 3.0.x before 3.0.19, 3.1.x before 3.1.10, and 3.2.x before 3.2.11 does not properly restrict casts of string values, which allows remote attackers to conduct object-injection attacks and execute arbitrary code, or cause a denial of service (memory and CPU consumption) involving nested XML entity references, by leveraging Action Pack support for (1) YAML type conversion or (2) Symbol type conversion.

Possible Information Disclosure / Unintended Method Execution in Action Pack

high severity CVE-2021-22885
high severity CVE-2021-22885
Patched versions: ~> 5.2.4.6, ~> 5.2.6, ~> 6.0.3, >= 6.0.3.7, >= 6.1.3.2
Unaffected versions: < 2.0.0

There is a possible information disclosure / unintended method execution vulnerability in Action Pack which has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2021-22885.

Versions Affected: >= 2.0.0. Not affected: < 2.0.0. Fixed Versions: 6.1.3.2, 6.0.3.7, 5.2.4.6, 5.2.6

Impact

There is a possible information disclosure / unintended method execution vulnerability in Action Pack when using the redirect_to or polymorphic_url helper with untrusted user input.

Vulnerable code will look like this:

redirect_to(params[:some_param])

All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Workarounds

To work around this problem, it is recommended to use an allow list for valid parameters passed from the user. For example:

private def check(param)
  case param
  when "valid"
    param
  else
    "/"
  end
end

def index
  redirect_to(check(params[:some_param]))
end

Or force the user input to be cast to a string like this:

def index
  redirect_to(params[:some_param].to_s)
end

Possible remote code execution vulnerability in Action Pack

high severity CVE-2016-2098
high severity CVE-2016-2098
Patched versions: ~> 3.2.22.2, ~> 4.2.5, >= 4.2.5.2, ~> 4.1.14, >= 4.1.14.2
Unaffected versions: >= 5.0.0.beta1

There is a possible remote code execution vulnerability in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2016-2098.

Versions Affected: 3.2.x, 4.0.x, 4.1.x, 4.2.x Not affected: 5.0+ Fixed Versions: 3.2.22.2, 4.1.14.2, 4.2.5.2

Impact

Applications that pass unverified user input to the render method in a controller or a view may be vulnerable to a code injection.

Impacted code will look like this:

class TestController < ApplicationController
  def show
    render params[:id]
  end
end

An attacker could use the request parameters to coerce the above example to execute arbitrary ruby code.

All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Releases

The FIXED releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds

A workaround to this issue is to not pass arbitrary user input to the render method. Instead, verify that data before passing it to the render method.

For example, change this:

def index
  render params[:id]
end

To this:

def index
  render verify_template(params[:id])
end

private
def verify_template(name)
  # add verification logic particular to your application here
end

Patches

To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided a patch for it. It is in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.

  • 3-2-secure_inline_with_params.patch - Patch for 3.2 series
  • 4-1-secure_inline_with_params.patch - Patch for 4.1 series
  • 4-2-secure_inline_with_params.patch - Patch for 4.2 series

Credits

Thanks to both Tobias Kraze from makandra and joernchen of Phenoelit for reporting this!

Possible Information Leak Vulnerability in Action View

high severity CVE-2016-0752
high severity CVE-2016-0752
Patched versions: >= 5.0.0.beta1.1, ~> 4.2.5, >= 4.2.5.1, ~> 4.1.14, >= 4.1.14.1, ~> 3.2.22.1
Unaffected versions: >= 4.1.0

There is a possible directory traversal and information leak vulnerability in Action View. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2016-0752.

Versions Affected: All. Not affected: None. Fixed Versions: 5.0.0.beta1.1, 4.2.5.1, 4.1.14.1, 3.2.22.1

Impact

Applications that pass unverified user input to the render method in a controller may be vulnerable to an information leak vulnerability.

Impacted code will look something like this:

def index
  render params[:id]
end

Carefully crafted requests can cause the above code to render files from unexpected places like outside the application's view directory, and can possibly escalate this to a remote code execution attack.

All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Releases

The FIXED releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds

A workaround to this issue is to not pass arbitrary user input to the render method. Instead, verify that data before passing it to the render method.

For example, change this:

def index
  render params[:id]
end

To this:

def index
  render verify_template(params[:id])
end

private
def verify_template(name)
  # add verification logic particular to your application here
end

Patches

To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.

  • 3-2-render_data_leak.patch - Patch for 3.2 series
  • 4-1-render_data_leak.patch - Patch for 4.1 series
  • 4-2-render_data_leak.patch - Patch for 4.2 series
  • 5-0-render_data_leak.patch - Patch for 5.0 series

Please note that only the 4.1.x and 4.2.x series are supported at present. Users of earlier unsupported releases are advised to upgrade as soon as possible as we cannot guarantee the continued availability of security fixes for unsupported releases.

Credits

Thanks John Poulin for reporting this!

Possible Object Leak and Denial of Service attack in Action Pack

high severity CVE-2016-0751
high severity CVE-2016-0751
Patched versions: >= 5.0.0.beta1.1, ~> 4.2.5, >= 4.2.5.1, ~> 4.1.14, >= 4.1.14.1, ~> 3.2.22.1

There is a possible object leak which can lead to a denial of service vulnerability in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2016-0751.

Versions Affected: All. Not affected: None. Fixed Versions: 5.0.0.beta1.1, 4.2.5.1, 4.1.14.1, 3.2.22.1

Impact

A carefully crafted accept header can cause a global cache of mime types to grow indefinitely which can lead to a possible denial of service attack in Action Pack.

All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Releases

The FIXED releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds

This attack can be mitigated by a proxy that only allows known mime types in the Accept header.

Placing the following code in an initializer will also mitigate the issue:

require 'action_dispatch/http/mime_type'

Mime.const_set :LOOKUP, Hash.new { |h,k|
  Mime::Type.new(k) unless k.blank?
}

Patches

To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.

  • 5-0-mime_types_leak.patch - Patch for 5.0 series
  • 4-2-mime_types_leak.patch - Patch for 4.2 series
  • 4-1-mime_types_leak.patch - Patch for 4.1 series
  • 3-2-mime_types_leak.patch - Patch for 3.2 series

Please note that only the 4.1.x and 4.2.x series are supported at present. Users of earlier unsupported releases are advised to upgrade as soon as possible as we cannot guarantee the continued availability of security fixes for unsupported releases.

Credits

Aaron Patterson <3<3

CSRF Protection Bypass in Ruby on Rails

high severity CVE-2011-0447
high severity CVE-2011-0447
Patched versions: ~> 2.3.11, >= 3.0.4
Unaffected versions: < 2.1.0

Ruby on Rails 2.1.x, 2.2.x, and 2.3.x before 2.3.11, and 3.x before 3.0.4, does not properly validate HTTP requests that contain an X-Requested-With header, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks via forged (1) AJAX or (2) API requests that leverage "combinations of browser plugins and HTTP redirects," a related issue to CVE-2011-0696.

Possible XSS via User Supplied Values to redirect_to

medium severity CVE-2023-28362
medium severity CVE-2023-28362
Patched versions: ~> 6.1.7.4, >= 7.0.5.1

The redirect_to method in Rails allows provided values to contain characters which are not legal in an HTTP header value. This results in the potential for downstream services which enforce RFC compliance on HTTP response headers to remove the assigned Location header. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-28362.

Versions Affected: All. Not affected: None Fixed Versions: 7.0.5.1, 6.1.7.4

Impact

This introduces the potential for a Cross-site-scripting (XSS) payload to be delivered on the now static redirection page. Note that this both requires user interaction and for a Rails app to be configured to allow redirects to external hosts (defaults to false in Rails >= 7.0.x).

Releases

The FIXED releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds

Avoid providing user supplied URLs with arbitrary schemes to the redirect_to method.

Ability to forge per-form CSRF tokens given a global CSRF token

medium severity CVE-2020-8166
medium severity CVE-2020-8166
Patched versions: ~> 5.2.4, >= 5.2.4.3, >= 6.0.3.1

It is possible to possible to, given a global CSRF token such as the one present in the authenticity_token meta tag, forge a per-form CSRF token for any action for that session.

Versions Affected: rails < 5.2.5, rails < 6.0.4 Not affected: Applications without existing HTML injection vulnerabilities. Fixed Versions: rails >= 5.2.4.3, rails >= 6.0.3.1

Impact

Given the ability to extract the global CSRF token, an attacker would be able to construct a per-form CSRF token for that session.

Workarounds

This is a low-severity security issue. As such, no workaround is necessarily until such time as the application can be upgraded.

Possible Information Leak Vulnerability in Action View

medium severity CVE-2016-2097
medium severity CVE-2016-2097
Patched versions: ~> 3.2.22.2, ~> 4.1.14, >= 4.1.14.2
Unaffected versions: >= 4.1.0

There is a possible directory traversal and information leak vulnerability in Action View. This was meant to be fixed on CVE-2016-0752. However the 3.2 patch was not covering all the scenarios. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2016-2097.

Versions Affected: 3.2.x, 4.0.x, 4.1.x Not affected: 4.2+ Fixed Versions: 3.2.22.2, 4.1.14.2

Impact

Applications that pass unverified user input to the render method in a controller may be vulnerable to an information leak vulnerability.

Impacted code will look something like this:

def index
  render params[:id]
end

Carefully crafted requests can cause the above code to render files from unexpected places like outside the application's view directory, and can possibly escalate this to a remote code execution attack.

All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Releases

The FIXED releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds

A workaround to this issue is to not pass arbitrary user input to the render method. Instead, verify that data before passing it to the render method.

For example, change this:

def index
  render params[:id]
end

To this:

def index
  render verify_template(params[:id])
end

private
def verify_template(name)
  # add verification logic particular to your application here
end

Patches

To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for it. It is in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.

  • 3-2-render_data_leak_2.patch - Patch for 3.2 series
  • 4-1-render_data_leak_2.patch - Patch for 4.1 series

Credits

Thanks to both Jyoti Singh and Tobias Kraze from makandra for reporting this and working with us in the patch!

Timing attack vulnerability in basic authentication in Action Controller.

medium severity CVE-2015-7576
medium severity CVE-2015-7576
Patched versions: >= 5.0.0.beta1.1, ~> 4.2.5, >= 4.2.5.1, ~> 4.1.14, >= 4.1.14.1, ~> 3.2.22.1

There is a timing attack vulnerability in the basic authentication support in Action Controller. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2015-7576.

Versions Affected: All. Not affected: None. Fixed Versions: 5.0.0.beta1.1, 4.2.5.1, 4.1.14.1, 3.2.22.1

Impact

Due to the way that Action Controller compares user names and passwords in basic authentication authorization code, it is possible for an attacker to analyze the time taken by a response and intuit the password.

For example, this string comparison:

"foo" == "bar"

is possibly faster than this comparison:

"foo" == "fo1"

Attackers can use this information to attempt to guess the username and password used in the basic authentication system.

You can tell you application is vulnerable to this attack by looking for http_basic_authenticate_with method calls in your application.

All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Releases

The FIXED releases are available at the normal locations.

Workarounds

If you can't upgrade, please use the following monkey patch in an initializer that is loaded before your application:

$ cat config/initializers/basic_auth_fix.rb
module ActiveSupport
  module SecurityUtils
    def secure_compare(a, b)
      return false unless a.bytesize == b.bytesize

      l = a.unpack "C#{a.bytesize}"

      res = 0
      b.each_byte { |byte| res |= byte ^ l.shift }
      res == 0
    end
    module_function :secure_compare

    def variable_size_secure_compare(a, b)
      secure_compare(::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(a), ::Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(b))
    end
    module_function :variable_size_secure_compare
  end
end

module ActionController
  class Base
    def self.http_basic_authenticate_with(options = {})
      before_action(options.except(:name, :password, :realm)) do
        authenticate_or_request_with_http_basic(options[:realm] || "Application") do |name, password|
          # This comparison uses & so that it doesn't short circuit and
          # uses `variable_size_secure_compare` so that length information
          # isn't leaked.
          ActiveSupport::SecurityUtils.variable_size_secure_compare(name, options[:name]) &
            ActiveSupport::SecurityUtils.variable_size_secure_compare(password, options[:password])
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

Patches

To aid users who aren't able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.

  • 4-1-basic_auth.patch - Patch for 4.1 series
  • 4-2-basic_auth.patch - Patch for 4.2 series
  • 5-0-basic_auth.patch - Patch for 5.0 series

Please note that only the 4.1.x and 4.2.x series are supported at present. Users of earlier unsupported releases are advised to upgrade as soon as possible as we cannot guarantee the continued availability of security fixes for unsupported releases.

Credits

Thank you to Daniel Waterworth for reporting the problem and working with us to fix it.

Directory Traversal Vulnerability With Certain Route Configurations

medium severity CVE-2014-0130
medium severity CVE-2014-0130
Patched versions: ~> 3.2.18, ~> 4.0.5, >= 4.1.1

There is a vulnerability in the 'implicit render' functionality in Ruby on Rails.The implicit render functionality allows controllers to render a template, even if there is no explicit action with the corresponding name. This module does not perform adequate input sanitization which could allow an attacker to use a specially crafted request to retrieve arbitrary files from the rails application server.

CVE-2014-0082 rubygem-actionpack: Action View string handling denial of service

medium severity CVE-2014-0082
medium severity CVE-2014-0082
Patched versions: >= 3.2.17
Unaffected versions: >= 4.0.0

actionpack/lib/action_view/template/text.rb in Action View in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.2.17 converts MIME type strings to symbols during use of the :text option to the render method, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption) by including these strings in headers.

CVE-2014-0081 rubygem-actionpack: number_to_currency, number_to_percentage and number_to_human XSS vulnerability

medium severity CVE-2014-0081
medium severity CVE-2014-0081
Patched versions: ~> 3.2.17, ~> 4.0.3, >= 4.1.0.beta2

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in actionview/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb in Ruby on Rails before 3.2.17, 4.0.x before 4.0.3, and 4.1.x before 4.1.0.beta2 allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the (1) format, (2) negative_format, or (3) units parameter to the (a) number_to_currency, (b) number_to_percentage, or (c) number_to_human helper.

Incomplete fix to CVE-2013-0155 (Unsafe Query Generation Risk)

medium severity CVE-2013-6417
medium severity CVE-2013-6417
Patched versions: ~> 3.2.16, >= 4.0.2

The prior fix to CVE-2013-0155 was incomplete and the use of common 3rd party libraries can accidentally circumvent the protection. Due to the way that Rack::Request and Rails::Request interact, it is possible for a 3rd party or custom rack middleware to parse the parameters insecurely and store them in the same key that Rails uses for its own parameters. In the event that happens the application will receive unsafe parameters and could be vulnerable to the earlier vulnerability.

XSS Vulnerability in simple_format helper

medium severity CVE-2013-6416
medium severity CVE-2013-6416
Patched versions: >= 4.0.2
Unaffected versions: ~> 2.3.0, ~> 3.1.0, ~> 3.2.0

There is a vulnerability in the simple_format helper in Ruby on Rails. The simple_format helper converts user supplied text into html text which is intended to be safe for display. A change made to the implementation of this helper means that any user provided HTML attributes will not be escaped correctly. As a result of this error, applications which pass user-controlled data to be included as html attributes will be vulnerable to an XSS attack.

XSS Vulnerability in number_to_currency

medium severity CVE-2013-6415
medium severity CVE-2013-6415
Patched versions: ~> 3.2.16, >= 4.0.2

There is an XSS vulnerability in the number_to_currency helper in Ruby on Raile. The number_to_currency helper allows users to nicely format a numeric value. One of the parameters to the helper (unit) is not escaped correctly. Applications which pass user controlled data as the unit parameter are vulnerable to an XSS attack.

Denial of Service Vulnerability in Action View

medium severity CVE-2013-6414
medium severity CVE-2013-6414
Patched versions: ~> 3.2.16, >= 4.0.2
Unaffected versions: ~> 2.3.0

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the header handling component of Action View.

Reflective XSS Vulnerability in Ruby on Rails

medium severity CVE-2013-4491
medium severity CVE-2013-4491
Patched versions: ~> 3.2.16, >= 4.0.2

There is a vulnerability in the internationalization component of Ruby on Rails. Under certain common configurations an attacker can provide specially crafted input which will execute a reflective XSS attack.

The root cause of this issue is a vulnerability in the i18n gem which has been assigned the identifier CVE-2013-4492.

CVE-2013-1857 rubygem-actionpack: sanitize_protocol: XSS Vulnerability in the helper of Ruby on Rails

medium severity CVE-2013-1857
medium severity CVE-2013-1857
Patched versions: ~> 2.3.18, ~> 3.1.12, >= 3.2.13

'The sanitize helper in lib/action_controller/vendor/html-scanner/html/sanitizer.rb in the Action Pack component in Ruby on Rails before 2.3.18, 3.0.x and 3.1.x before 3.1.12, and 3.2.x before 3.2.13 does not properly handle encoded : (colon) characters in URLs, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via a crafted scheme name, as demonstrated by including a : sequence. A cross-site scripting (XSS) flaw was found in Action Pack. A remote attacker could use this flaw to conduct XSS attacks against users of an application using Action Pack.'

CVE-2013-1855 rubygem-actionpack: css_sanitization: XSS vulnerability in sanitize_css

medium severity CVE-2013-1855
medium severity CVE-2013-1855
Patched versions: ~> 2.3.18, ~> 3.1.12, >= 3.2.13

The sanitize_css method in lib/action_controller/vendor/html-scanner/html/sanitizer.rb in the Action Pack component in Ruby on Rails before 2.3.18, 3.0.x and 3.1.x before 3.1.12, and 3.2.x before 3.2.13 does not properly handle \n (newline) characters, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via crafted Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) token sequences. A cross-site scripting (XSS) flaw was found in Action Pack. A remote attacker could use this flaw to conduct XSS attacks against users of an application using Action Pack.

CVE-2012-3465 rubygem-actionpack: XSS Vulnerability in strip_tags

medium severity CVE-2012-3465
medium severity CVE-2012-3465
Patched versions: ~> 3.0.17, ~> 3.1.8, >= 3.2.8

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb in the strip_tags helper in Ruby on Rails before 3.0.17, 3.1.x before 3.1.8, and 3.2.x before 3.2.8 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via malformed HTML markup.

CVE-2012-3463 rubygem-actionpack: potential XSS vulnerability in select_tag prompt

medium severity CVE-2012-3463
medium severity CVE-2012-3463
Patched versions: ~> 3.0.17, ~> 3.1.8, >= 3.2.8
Unaffected versions: ~> 2.3.0

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.0.17, 3.1.x before 3.1.8, and 3.2.x before 3.2.8 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the prompt field to the select_tag helper.

CVE-2012-3424 rubygem-actionpack: DoS vulnerability in authenticate_or_request_with_http_digest

medium severity CVE-2012-3424
medium severity CVE-2012-3424
Patched versions: ~> 3.0.16, ~> 3.1.7, >= 3.2.7
Unaffected versions: >= 2.3.5, <= 2.3.14

The decode_credentials method in actionpack/lib/action_controller/metal/http_authentication.rb in Ruby on Rails 3.x before 3.0.16, 3.1.x before 3.1.7, and 3.2.x before 3.2.7 converts Digest Authentication strings to symbols, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service by leveraging access to an application that uses a with_http_digest helper method, as demonstrated by the authenticate_or_request_with_http_digest method.

Unsafe Query Generation Risk in Ruby on Rails

medium severity CVE-2012-2694
medium severity CVE-2012-2694
Patched versions: ~> 3.0.14, ~> 3.1.6, >= 3.2.6

actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb in Ruby on Rails before 3.0.14, 3.1.x before 3.1.6, and 3.2.x before 3.2.6 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the Rack interface, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain "['xyz', nil]" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2660.

Unsafe Query Generation Risk in Ruby on Rails

medium severity CVE-2012-2660
medium severity CVE-2012-2660
Patched versions: ~> 3.0.13, ~> 3.1.5, >= 3.2.4

actionpack/lib/action_dispatch/http/request.rb in Ruby on Rails before 3.0.13, 3.1.x before 3.1.5, and 3.2.x before 3.2.4 does not properly consider differences in parameter handling between the Active Record component and the Rack interface, which allows remote attackers to bypass intended database-query restrictions and perform NULL checks via a crafted request, as demonstrated by certain "[nil]" values, a related issue to CVE-2012-2694.

CVE-2012-1099 rubygem-actionpack: XSS in the "select" helper

medium severity CVE-2012-1099
medium severity CVE-2012-1099
Patched versions: ~> 3.0.12, ~> 3.1.4, >= 3.2.2

Cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb in the select helper in Ruby on Rails 3.0.x before 3.0.12, 3.1.x before 3.1.4, and 3.2.x before 3.2.2 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via vectors involving certain generation of OPTION elements within SELECT elements.

Potential XSS Vulnerability in Ruby on Rails Applications

medium severity CVE-2011-2197
medium severity CVE-2011-2197
Patched versions: ~> 2.3.12, >= 3.0.8

The cross-site scripting (XSS) prevention feature in Ruby on Rails 2.x before 2.3.12, 3.0.x before 3.0.8, and 3.1.x before 3.1.0.rc2 does not properly handle mutation of safe buffers, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct XSS attacks via crafted strings to an application that uses a problematic string method, as demonstrated by the sub method.

Cross site scripting in rails/actionpack < 3.0.6

medium severity CVE-2011-1497
medium severity CVE-2011-1497
Patched versions: >= 3.0.6

A cross-site scripting vulnerability flaw was found in the auto_link function in Rails before version 3.0.6.

XSS vulnerabilities in the mail_to helper in rails/actionpack

medium severity CVE-2011-0446
medium severity CVE-2011-0446
Patched versions: ~> 2.3.11, >= 3.0.4

Multiple cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities in the mail_to helper in Ruby on Rails before 2.3.11, and 3.x before 3.0.4, when javascript encoding is used, allow remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via a crafted (1) name or (2) email value.

ReDoS based DoS vulnerability in Action Dispatch

low severity CVE-2023-22795
low severity CVE-2023-22795
Patched versions: ~> 5.2.8, >= 5.2.8.15, ~> 6.1.7, >= 6.1.7.1, >= 7.0.4.1

There is a possible regular expression based DoS vulnerability in Action Dispatch related to the If-None-Match header. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-22795.

Versions Affected: All Not affected: None Fixed Versions: 5.2.8.15 (Rails LTS), 6.1.7.1, 7.0.4.1

Impact

A specially crafted HTTP If-None-Match header can cause the regular expression engine to enter a state of catastrophic backtracking, when on a version of Ruby below 3.2.0. This can cause the process to use large amounts of CPU and memory, leading to a possible DoS vulnerability All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately.

Workarounds

We recommend that all users upgrade to one of the FIXED versions. In the meantime, users can mitigate this vulnerability by using a load balancer or other device to filter out malicious If-None-Match headers before they reach the application.

Users on Ruby 3.2.0 or greater are not affected by this vulnerability.

No officially reported memory leakage issues detected.


This gem version does not have any officially reported memory leaked issues.

Author did not declare license for this gem in the gemspec.


This gem version has a MIT license in the source code, however it was not declared in the gemspec file.

This gem version is available.


This gem version has not been yanked and is still available for usage.