PageTemplate 2.1.5 → 2.1.6
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- data/Changes +6 -3
- data/Rakefile +1 -1
- data/lib/PageTemplate/parser.rb +9 -2
- data/test.rb +11 -0
- metadata +1 -28
- data/site/Makefile +0 -15
- data/site/MySubpageRenderer.rb +0 -43
- data/site/PageNavRenderer.rb +0 -37
- data/site/RedClothRenderer.rb +0 -20
- data/site/Site.rb +0 -11
- data/site/SiteNewsRenderer.rb +0 -23
- data/site/XhtmlTemplateRenderer.rb +0 -141
- data/site/base.css +0 -4
- data/site/footer.txt +0 -2
- data/site/header.txt +0 -2
- data/site/html/SiteMap.html +0 -43
- data/site/html/base.css +0 -4
- data/site/html/designer.html +0 -524
- data/site/html/index.html +0 -267
- data/site/html/install.html +0 -125
- data/site/html/programmer.html +0 -289
- data/site/html/version2.html +0 -103
- data/site/src/SiteMap +0 -8
- data/site/src/designer +0 -410
- data/site/src/index +0 -165
- data/site/src/install +0 -80
- data/site/src/metadata.txt +0 -4
- data/site/src/programmer +0 -235
- data/site/src/version2 +0 -59
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<hr />
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<p class="navbar">
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<a href="SiteMap.html">Sitemap</a> || PageTemplate</p>
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<h1>PageTemplate</h1>
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<table width='100%' border='0'><tr>
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<td><p><- <a href='SiteMap.html'>SiteMap</a></p>
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<td align='right'><p><a href='install.html'>Getting It</a>- ></p>
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<h2>Vital Information and Links</h2>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<td>Version</td>
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<td>2.0.0</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Project Page</td>
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<td><a href="http://rubyforge.org/projects/pagetemplate">PageTemplate on RubyForge</a></td>
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<tr>
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<td>Instructions</td>
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<td>Start with <a href="products/pagetemplate/install.html">Installing It</a></td>
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<tr>
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<td>API Documenation</td>
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<td><a href="products/pagetemplate/doc/index.html">Generated by RDoc</a></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Download</td>
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<td><a href="http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=407">Grab the File</a></td>
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<td>Forums</td>
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<td><a href="http://rubyforge.org/forum/?group_id=407">Talk about PageTemplate</a></td>
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<tr>
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<td>Bugs</td>
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<td><a href="http://rubyforge.org/tracker/?atid=1626&group_id=407&func=browse">Report a Bug</a></td>
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<tr>
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<td>Features</td>
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<td><a href="http://rubyforge.org/tracker/?atid=1629&group_id=407&func=browse">Request a Feature</a></td>
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<tr>
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<td>Project Changes</td>
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<td><a href="http://rubyforge.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/*checkout*/PageTemplate/Changes?cvsroot=pagetemplate">Latest <span class="caps">CVS </span>Copy of Changes</a></td>
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<p class="note">PageTemplate 2.x is in a major state of flux. Loads of new features were added by Greg Millam in
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short order, and we are still streamlining and testing the code. All that means for you is that the docs
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are not as up to date as we would like. Still, we try. Shouldn’t be <em>too</em> bad. Until then, look at
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the <a href="products/pagetemplate/version2.html">2.0 overview page</a>.</p>
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<h2>Introduction</h2>
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<p>PageTemplate is a Ruby package which allows you to utilize text
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templates for your Web projects. It is mainly intended for use in
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a <span class="caps">CGI</span> environment, but has been designed to be useful in a broad
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range of similar applications. It is inspired by, yet almost entirely
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unlike, the <a href="http://html-template.sourceforge.net/">HTML::Template</a> package
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available for Perl. It has many features in common with other templating
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engines:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Variable substitution</li>
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existence of a flag variable</li>
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<li>“loop/no” blocks – repeatedly inserting a chunk of content, using
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values from a list</li>
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<li>A simple default syntax</li>
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<li>The ability to include external files</li>
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</ul>
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<p>It also has a few features of its own <em>(otherwise, where’s the fun?)</em>.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Customizable markup syntax to simplify integration with your own
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tools.</li>
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<li>Loop metavariables for special cases like the first or last step through
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a loop.</li>
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<li>Variable preprocessor to handle things like escaping <span class="caps">HTML</span> entities and
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displaying <span class="caps">URL</span>-encoded strings.</li>
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<li>Access to the accessors of a variable. <em>(like <code>circle.radius</code>)</em></li>
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</ul>
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<p>More features are planned, such as support for localization to allow
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native-language markup. PageTemplate already does what I want it to do, so it
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has hit the stage of refinement and addition of requested features.</p>
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<h2>What PageTemplate Is Not</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>It’s not a programming language. If you want a programming language
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for your Web pages, try <a href="http://www.php.net/">PHP</a>.</li>
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<li>It’s not a tool for embedding Ruby code into your Web pages.
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<a href="http://www.modruby.org/">eruby</a> already does a fine job of that.</li>
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<li>It is <em>definitely</em> not <span class="caps">XML</span>. PageTemplate serves a much narrower field.
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If you want to use Ruby with <span class="caps">XML</span>, there are
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<a href="http://www.rubyxml.com/">excellent resources</a> for that.</li>
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<li>PageTemplate is a personal project, which means that it’s not a
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commercial product. As much as I hope that it’s useful and stable on
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your computer, I can’t make any promises. If installing PageTemplate
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levels New Jersey, there’s nothing I can do about it. This is my
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version of the standard <b>no warranty</b> warranty.</li>
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<li>Last but not least, PageTemplate is not <span class="caps">HTML</span>::Template. <span class="caps">HTML</span>::Template
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has been growing and evolving for a few years, while PageTemplate was originally
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the result of a week alone with 5 pounds of coffee. PageTemplate has
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matured over the last couple of years, but it is still just a small
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project maintained by a couple of guys in their spare time.</li>
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</ul>
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<h2>Motivation</h2>
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<p>I’ve been a fan of Perl’s <span class="caps">HTML</span>::Template package for a long time, and I
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miss its robust usefulness whenever I’m using a language that isn’t Perl.
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After delving deeper into other languages, I thought it might be fun to make
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some of that usefulness available in <a href="geekery/ruby/index.html">Ruby</a>.
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It would give me a decent-sized personal project, which would help me stretch
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my skills with project development and unit testing. Plus, if I had a
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templating system available to me, maybe I wouldn’t miss Perl so badly.</p>
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<p>So those are my primary motivations: personal education and homesickness.</p>
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<p>Once the code started taking shape, though, I decided that I wanted
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this to be useful for other people. “Download and use” kind
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of useful.</p>
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<p>The road since PageTemplate 1.0 has been shaped almost entirely by
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user suggestions. My own needs for PT were modest, and it’s
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pretty much been complete for me since 0.3. All of the additions since
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then, such as include, unless, comments, and loop metavariables, have
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been added because <em>you</em> wanted more out of PT. If it wasn’t you, then
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maybe it was that guy behind you. I’m delighted that people have
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been pushing and redefining PageTemplate to fit their own nefarious
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goals. And heck, I’ll admit it. Loop metavariables are cool.</p>
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<p>So if there’s anything I can do to make it easier for you
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to put it to use in your own projects, please <a href="contact">tell me</a>!</p>
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<h2>Using PageTemplate</h2>
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<p>First, you’ll want to <a href="products/pagetemplate/install.html">download and install</a> the latest version of
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PageTemplate. Then, <a href="products/pagetemplate/designer.html">designers</a> will make templates,
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<a href="products/pagetemplate/programmer.html">programmers</a> will write code, and some of us will do both.
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make your own. If you’re an especially geeky sort of person, you’ll no doubt
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want to look at the
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<a href="products/pagetemplate/doc/index.html">reference</a> to classes and methods that are available in the PageTemplate
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package.</p>
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<p>Most importantly, <em>enjoy yourself</em>! PageTemplate is
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supposed to be good geeky fun, not hard work with lots of sweat
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and turmoil!</p>
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<h2>Examples</h2>
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<p>There’s nothing like an example or two to see how something works in
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the real world. Making new examples is a priority now, so this list will
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contain more items in the near future.</p>
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<p>Unfortunately, I haven’t really gotten around to making or finding examples.
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What do I have so far?</p>
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<li><a href="contact">The <span class="caps">COOLNAMEHERE</span> contact page</a> is written with Ruby and
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PageTemplate.</li>
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</ul>
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<h2>Users</h2>
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<p>We would love to hear about what you’ve done with PageTemplate.
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<a href="contact">Contact me</a> with your stories and links, and I’ll put it in this
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section.</p>
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<h2>The License</h2>
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<p>PageTemplate is distributed under The <span class="caps">MIT </span>License, which is detailed
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below.</p>
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<h3>The <span class="caps">MIT </span>License</h3>
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<p>Copyright© 2002-2005 Brian Wisti, Greg Millam</p>
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<p>Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to
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deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
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sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:</p>
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<p>The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
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copies or substantial portions of the Software.</p>
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<p><strong>
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<span class="caps">THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED </span>“AS IS”, <span class="caps">WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND</span>, EXPRESS <span class="caps">OR </span>
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<span class="caps">IMPLIED</span>, INCLUDING <span class="caps">BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY</span>,
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<span class="caps">FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT</span>. IN <span class="caps">NO EVENT SHALL THE </span>
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<span class="caps">AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM</span>, DAMAGES <span class="caps">OR OTHER </span>
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<span class="caps">LIABILITY</span>, WHETHER <span class="caps">IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT</span>, TORT <span class="caps">OR OTHERWISE</span>, ARISING <span class="caps">FROM</span>,
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<span class="caps">OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE </span>
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<span class="caps">SOFTWARE</span>.
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</strong></p>
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<h2>Subpages:</h2>
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<li><A HREF="install.html">Getting It</A></li>
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<li><A HREF="designer.html">The Designer’s Perspective</A></li>
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<li><A HREF="programmer.html">The Programmer’s Perspective</A></li>
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<li><A HREF="version2.html">PageTemplate Version 2: What’s New?</A></li>
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<li><A HREF="SiteMap.html">SiteMap</A></li>
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</ul><hr />
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<p class="navbar">
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<a href="SiteMap.html">Sitemap</a> || PageTemplate</p>
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<h1>Yo!</h1>
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<hr />
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</body>
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head>
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<title>Getting It</title>
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<link rel="STYLESHEET" href="base.css" type="text/css" title="base.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>Yo!</h1>
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<hr />
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<p class="navbar">
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<a href="SiteMap.html">Sitemap</a> || <a href="index.html">PageTemplate</a>
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/ Getting It</p>
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<h1>Getting It</h1>
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<h2>The Slightly Less Easy Way</h2>
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about with the gem system at all. That’s okay, I’ve got you covered.
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<p>In order to save on the bandwidth for my home machine, I’ve opened
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a <a href="http://rubyforge.org/">RubyForge</a> account for
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PageTemplate. That means that you can always find the latest version
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of the PageTemplate package from my project download page:</p>
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<h4>Using Rake</h4>
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/ Getting It</p>
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<h1>The Programmer's Perspective</h1>
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<td align='right'><p><a href='version2.html'>PageTemplate Version 2</a>- ></p>
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<h2>Getting Started</h2>
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<p>Before you dig into the code, you might want to take a look at
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the <a href="products/pagetemplate/designer.html">designer</a> perspective of PageTemplate.</p>
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<h2>Using PageTemplate In Your Ruby Code</h2>
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<p>This is a <em>very</em> quick overview, because I have realized lately that <em>more</em>
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documentation isn’t necessarily <em>better</em> documentation. <a href="contact">Send me</a>
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any questions you have, or clarifications you’d like to see, and I will be
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happy to incorporate them into future revisions of this article.</p>
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<p>First, of course, you’ll want to <a href="products/pagetemplate/install.html">install</a> the PageTemplate package.
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<pre class="code">
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require "PageTemplate"
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</pre>
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<p>You’ll need a PageTemplate object to hold values and parse template files.</p>
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<pre class="code">
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template = PageTemplate.new()
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</pre>
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<p>At some point, you will want the PageTemplate object to load a
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template text file, bristling with directives. The template file should
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be readable by the script, and the path must be either absolute
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or relative to the script’s working directory.</p>
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template.load("/var/www/templates/template.txt")
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</pre>
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<p>To assign a value for use by PageTemplate, use hash-style
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assignment, with the name to be used by the template as the key,
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and the value assigned as … well … the value. The only rule is
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that the value must evaluate to a String (either it <em>is</em> a
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String or it has a <code>to_s</code> method). Page designers
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would probably be grateful if the key was a string, too. Much
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easier to type it into a text template that way.</p>
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<pre class="code">
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template["title"] = "My PageTemplate Script"
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</pre>
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<p>The easiest way to handle flags used in <code>if</code> directives
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is to take advantage of Ruby’s boolean values.</p>
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<pre class="code">
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template["flag"] = true
|
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template["otherflag"] = false
|
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</pre>
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<p>You can use the truth of a regular variable or loop variable in
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an <code>if</code> directive, but remember that Ruby is more specific
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about <code>false</code> than other languages you might be used to.
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For example, the number zero is not false, it’s just zero. Same
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with empty strings. If you want a variable to be interpreted as
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<code>false</code>, you should explicitly set it.</p>
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<p>PageTemplate uses arrays of objects for lists. Each object provides a local
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content. Otherwise, you’d have to manually set loop variables, and I don’t
|
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like that idea!</p>
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<p>The classic approach is to borrow from <span class="caps">HTML</span>::Template and use a list of hashes
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for your namespaces.</p>
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<pre class="code">
|
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listing = [
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{ "name" => "Swordfishtrombones", "artist" => "Tom Waits" },
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{ "name" => "Dirt Track Date", "artist" => "Southern Culture On The Skids"},
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{ "name" => "Amnesiac", "artist" => "Radiohead" }
|
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]
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|
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template["albums"] = listing
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</pre>
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<p>What about nested lists? They are handled the same way. One of
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the keys in your item hash points to another array of hashes, which
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will be used for the inner loop.</p>
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<pre class="code">
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favorites = [
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"creator" => "Will Eisner"},
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{ "title" => "Cerebus",
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"creator" => "Dave Sim"},
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{ "title" => "Jar Of Fools",
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"creator" => "Jason Lutes"}
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{ "topic" => "Favorite Albums",
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"items" => [
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{ "title" => "The Moon and Antarctica",
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"creator" => "Modest Mouse"},
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{ "title" => "Dirt Track Date",
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"creator" => "Southern Culture On The Skids"},
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{ "title" => "My Motor",
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"creator" => "Dorkweed"},
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{ "title" => "Swordfishtrombones",
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"creator" => "Tom Waits"}
|
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]}
|
|
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]
|
|
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|
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</pre>
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
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<p>Using objects in a list requires a little more research, but it’s
|
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still a practical solution. Say you’re trying to figure out how
|
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to use PageTemplate in an image gallery. You might have an Image class with
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accessors that look something like this:</p>
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<pre class="code">
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class Image
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attr_reader :url, :height, :width, :caption
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end
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</pre>
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<p>You can build your template armed with this knowledge.</p>
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<pre>
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[%in images%]
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<td>
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<img src="[%var url%]" height="[%var height%]" width="[%var width%]" alt="[%var caption%]" /><br />
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[%var caption%]
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|
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</td>
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[%endin%]
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|
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|
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</pre>
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
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Then, rather than waste precious minutes altering class
|
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|
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<code>Image</code> to respond to hash-based access, you can
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assign a list of <code>Image</code> objects to the template list.
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<pre class="code">
|
|
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|
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gallery = Gallery.new()
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|
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|
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# ...
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|
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|
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galleryPage['images'] = gallery.current.images
|
|
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|
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</pre>
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
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<p>This approach definitely encourages maintaining a consistent
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interface. I wouldn’t want to go altering my template files (or
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telling the designer to alter her files) every time I get a bright
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idea for how <code>Image</code> should work.</p>
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You can also refer to public methods of the object in your
|
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template, but that’s still a bit shaky. The methods have to accept
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calls with no arguments or blocks (Ex:
|
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<code>image.thumbnail()</code> would be referenced as
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|
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<code>[%var thumbnail%]</code>).
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|
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<p>Once you’ve told your PageTemplate object which file to load and
|
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what values to remember, you’ll probably want to display the
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neat custom page.</p>
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|
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|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
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<pre class="code">
|
|
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|
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output = template.output
|
|
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|
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print output
|
|
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|
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</pre>
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
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<p>Of course, if you do things this way you’ll have to remember all of
|
|
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the <acronym title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol"><span class="caps">HTTP</span></acronym>
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|
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|
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header information. Life will be much easier for you if you just use
|
|
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the functionality provided by the standard <span class="caps">CGI</span> module for ruby.</p>
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|
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|
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|
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<pre class="code">
|
|
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|
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cgi.out { template.output }
|
|
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|
-
</pre>
|
|
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|
-
|
|
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|
-
<h3>Including Files</h3>
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<p>PageTemplate lets you insert text from other files. Even better: PageTemplate
|
|
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|
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will parse those files as templates, using your current Namespace. The only
|
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issue that you must be aware of as a developer is the search path used by
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PageTemplate.</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Variable includes</li>
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<li>Filenames, relative to the search path.</li>
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<p>Now I will explain each of these.</p>
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<h4>Variable Includes</h4>
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<pre>[%include weather%]</pre>
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weather = some_file_path_returned_by_a_method()
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<pre>[%include weather.html%]</pre>
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<p>The include path defaults to the script’s working directory (accessed via
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<code>Dir.getwd</code>). You can add additional paths if this isn’t good enough
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for you.</p>
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<pre class="code">
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template = PageTemplate.new(
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'include_paths' => ["/var/www/templates"]
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<p><code>template</code> now has an include path of the script’s working directory and <code>/var/www/templates/</code>.
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The include path Array is accessible via the <code>paths</code> accessor.</p>
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<pre class="code">
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template = PageTemplate.new()
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template.paths.source += [ 'templates/blue', 'templates/alpha' ]
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</pre>
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<h3>Digging Deeper</h3>
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<p>The stuff covered in this tutorial should remain pretty consistent
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through future versions. If you’re curious to see inside
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PageTemplate.rb, though, you will definitely want to go over the
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<a href="products/pagetemplate/doc/">reference pages</a>. It describes PageTemplate and the classes that back it
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up. Be warned, though: anything not described in this page is definitely
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subject to change, so your clever hack might be useless with the next release.
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That never stopped me, though. Go, have fun!</p>
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<h3>Creating Your Own Syntax</h3>
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<p>Syntax glossaries are high on the list of things I want to change,
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so I’m not going to write an extensive tutorial on creating your
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own custom syntax yet. For now, use the <a href="products/pagetemplate/doc/">reference pages</a> as a guideline.</p><hr />
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<p class="navbar">
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<a href="SiteMap.html">Sitemap</a> || <a href="index.html">PageTemplate</a>
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/ The Programmer's Perspective</p>
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<h1>Yo!</h1>
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<hr />
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</body>
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</html>
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