wafer-core 0.1.24__tar.gz → 0.1.26__tar.gz

{wafer_core-0.1.24 → wafer_core-0.1.26}/PKG-INFO

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Metadata-Version: 2.4
 Name: wafer-core
-Version: 0.1.24
+Version: 0.1.26
 Summary: Core utilities and environments for Wafer GPU kernel optimization
 Requires-Python: >=3.10
 Requires-Dist: aiohttp>=3.9.0

{wafer_core-0.1.24 → wafer_core-0.1.26}/pyproject.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [project]
 name = "wafer-core"
-version = "0.1.24"
+version = "0.1.26"
 description = "Core utilities and environments for Wafer GPU kernel optimization"
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
 dependencies = [

{wafer_core-0.1.24 → wafer_core-0.1.26}/wafer_core/environments/coding.py

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ from wafer_core.tools import (
     GLOB_TOOL,
     GREP_TOOL,
     READ_TOOL,
-    SEARCH_DOCS_TOOL,
     SKILL_TOOL,
     WRITE_TOOL,
     ApprovalCallback,
@@ -43,7 +42,6 @@ from wafer_core.tools import (
     exec_glob,
     exec_grep,
     exec_read,
-    exec_search_docs,
     exec_skill,
     exec_write,
 )
@@ -65,7 +63,6 @@ ALL_TOOLS = {
     "glob": GLOB_TOOL,
     "grep": GREP_TOOL,
     "bash": BASH_TOOL,
-    "search_docs": SEARCH_DOCS_TOOL,
     "skill": SKILL_TOOL,
     # TODO(wafer-tool): "wafer": WAFER_TOOL,
 }
@@ -214,7 +211,6 @@ class CodingEnvironment:
                 self.bash_approval_callback,
                 self._sandbox_policy,
             ),
-            "search_docs": lambda tc: exec_search_docs(tc),
             "skill": lambda tc: exec_skill(tc),
             # TODO(wafer-tool): "wafer": lambda tc: exec_wafer(
             #     tc, self.working_dir, self.enabled_tools, self.allow_spawn, cancel_scope

wafer_core-0.1.26/wafer_core/lib/trace_compare/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"""Trace comparison library for analyzing GPU traces across platforms.
+
+This module provides functionality to compare performance traces from AMD and NVIDIA GPUs,
+identifying kernel-level performance differences and fusion opportunities.
+"""
+
+from .analyzer import analyze_traces
+from .classifier import Op, classify
+from .formatter import (
+    format_csv,
+    format_fusion_csv,
+    format_fusion_json,
+    format_fusion_text,
+    format_json,
+    format_text,
+)
+from .fusion_analyzer import analyze_fusion_differences
+from .loader import load_trace
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Op",
+    "classify",
+    "load_trace",
+    "analyze_traces",
+    "analyze_fusion_differences",
+    "format_text",
+    "format_csv",
+    "format_json",
+    "format_fusion_text",
+    "format_fusion_csv",
+    "format_fusion_json",
+]

wafer_core-0.1.26/wafer_core/lib/trace_compare/analyzer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+"""Main trace comparison analysis logic.
+
+Compares GPU traces from AMD and NVIDIA platforms, identifying performance differences
+at the operation level and layer level.
+"""
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+import pandas as pd
+
+from .loader import load_trace
+
+
+def analyze_traces(
+    trace1_path: str | Path,
+    trace2_path: str | Path,
+    phase_filter: str = "all",
+    max_stacks: int = 3,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Analyze two traces and return comparison data.
+
+    Args:
+        trace1_path: Path to first trace file
+        trace2_path: Path to second trace file
+        phase_filter: Filter by phase ('all', 'prefill', or 'decode')
+        max_stacks: Maximum number of Python stack traces to collect per operation (0 for unlimited)
+
+    Returns:
+        Dictionary containing:
+            - metadata: trace info (GPUs, kernel counts, total times, etc.)
+            - operations: per-operation comparison data
+            - layers: per-layer comparison data (if layers detected)
+    """
+    # Load traces
+    p1, gpu1, dev1, df1, patterns1, layers1 = load_trace(trace1_path)
+    p2, gpu2, dev2, df2, patterns2, layers2 = load_trace(trace2_path)
+
+    # Apply phase filter
+    if phase_filter != "all":
+        df1_filtered = df1[df1["phase"] == phase_filter]
+        df2_filtered = df2[df2["phase"] == phase_filter]
+
+        if len(df1_filtered) == 0 and len(df2_filtered) == 0:
+            # No data in requested phase - return early with error info
+            trace1_phases = {k: int(v) for k, v in df1["phase"].value_counts().items()}
+            trace2_phases = {k: int(v) for k, v in df2["phase"].value_counts().items()}
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"No {phase_filter} phase found. "
+                f"Trace1 phases: {trace1_phases}, Trace2 phases: {trace2_phases}"
+            )
+
+        df1, df2 = df1_filtered, df2_filtered
+
+    # Pre-compute aggregations for both operations and layers in single pass
+    # This is much faster than iterating through filtered dataframes multiple times
+
+    # Group by operation for operation-level analysis
+    trace1_by_op = df1.groupby("op").agg({
+        "dur_us": ["sum", "mean", "count"],
+        "phase": lambda x: set(x.dropna().unique()),
+        "cpu_op": lambda x: x.dropna().mode()[0] if len(x.dropna()) > 0 else None,
+    })
+    trace1_by_op.columns = ["total_us", "avg_us", "count", "phases", "cpu_op"]
+
+    trace2_by_op = df2.groupby("op").agg({
+        "dur_us": ["sum", "mean", "count"],
+        "phase": lambda x: set(x.dropna().unique()),
+        "cpu_op": lambda x: x.dropna().mode()[0] if len(x.dropna()) > 0 else None,
+    })
+    trace2_by_op.columns = ["total_us", "avg_us", "count", "phases", "cpu_op"]
+
+    # Group by layer for layer-level analysis (only for kernels with layer info)
+    df1_layered = df1[df1["layer"].notna()]
+    df2_layered = df2[df2["layer"].notna()]
+
+    trace1_by_layer = df1_layered.groupby("layer").agg({
+        "dur_us": ["sum", "count"],
+    }) if len(df1_layered) > 0 else pd.DataFrame()
+    if len(trace1_by_layer) > 0:
+        trace1_by_layer.columns = ["total_us", "count"]
+
+    trace2_by_layer = df2_layered.groupby("layer").agg({
+        "dur_us": ["sum", "count"],
+    }) if len(df2_layered) > 0 else pd.DataFrame()
+    if len(trace2_by_layer) > 0:
+        trace2_by_layer.columns = ["total_us", "count"]
+
+    # Calculate per-operation statistics
+    results: dict[str, Any] = {
+        "metadata": {
+            "trace1_name": str(trace1_path),
+            "trace2_name": str(trace2_path),
+            "trace1_platform": p1,
+            "trace1_gpu": gpu1,
+            "trace1_device": dev1,
+            "trace2_platform": p2,
+            "trace2_gpu": gpu2,
+            "trace2_device": dev2,
+            "trace1_kernels": len(df1),
+            "trace2_kernels": len(df2),
+            "trace1_total_ms": df1["dur_us"].sum() / 1000,
+            "trace2_total_ms": df2["dur_us"].sum() / 1000,
+            "phase": phase_filter,
+            "trace1_layers": len(layers1),
+            "trace2_layers": len(layers2),
+        },
+        "operations": [],
+        "layers": [],
+    }
+
+    # Per-operation comparison using pre-computed aggregations
+    all_ops = set(trace1_by_op.index) | set(trace2_by_op.index)
+
+    # Track if we've already compared RMSNorm variants to avoid duplicate comparisons
+    rmsnorm_compared = False
+
+    for op in sorted(all_ops):
+        # Use pre-computed aggregations instead of filtering entire dataframes
+        has_trace1 = op in trace1_by_op.index
+        has_trace2 = op in trace2_by_op.index
+
+        # Handle RMSNorm fusion differences: AMD does RMSNorm+GEMM, NVIDIA does separate RMSNorm
+        trace1_op_for_pattern = op  # Operation name to use for AMD pattern lookup
+        trace2_op_for_pattern = op  # Operation name to use for NVIDIA pattern lookup
+        skip_comparison = False
+
+        if op == "RMSNorm+GEMM" and not has_trace2:
+            # Compare AMD's fused version to NVIDIA's separate RMSNorm
+            has_trace2 = "RMSNorm" in trace2_by_op.index
+            trace2_op_for_pattern = "RMSNorm"  # NVIDIA kernels are stored under 'RMSNorm'
+            rmsnorm_compared = True  # Mark that we've compared RMSNorm
+        elif op == "RMSNorm" and not has_trace1:
+            # Skip this comparison if we already handled it in RMSNorm+GEMM
+            if rmsnorm_compared:
+                skip_comparison = True
+            else:
+                # Compare NVIDIA's RMSNorm to AMD's fused version
+                has_trace1 = "RMSNorm+GEMM" in trace1_by_op.index
+                trace1_op_for_pattern = (
+                    "RMSNorm+GEMM"  # AMD kernels are stored under 'RMSNorm+GEMM'
+                )
+                rmsnorm_compared = True
+
+        if skip_comparison or not (has_trace1 and has_trace2):
+            continue
+
+        # Get pre-computed aggregations
+        trace1_agg = trace1_by_op.loc[trace1_op_for_pattern]
+        trace2_agg = trace2_by_op.loc[trace2_op_for_pattern]
+
+        trace1_avg = trace1_agg["avg_us"]
+        trace2_avg = trace2_agg["avg_us"]
+        trace1_total = trace1_agg["total_us"] / 1000
+        trace2_total = trace2_agg["total_us"] / 1000
+        trace1_count = int(trace1_agg["count"])
+        trace2_count = int(trace2_agg["count"])
+        ratio = trace1_avg / trace2_avg if trace2_avg > 0 else 1
+        gap_ms = trace1_total - trace2_total
+
+        # Get kernel patterns using the correct operation names for each platform
+        trace1_pattern = list(
+            patterns1.get(
+                (trace1_op_for_pattern, "decode"),
+                patterns1.get((trace1_op_for_pattern, "prefill"), {"unknown"}),
+            )
+        )[0]
+        trace2_pattern = list(
+            patterns2.get(
+                (trace2_op_for_pattern, "decode"),
+                patterns2.get((trace2_op_for_pattern, "prefill"), {"unknown"}),
+            )
+        )[0]
+
+        # Get CPU operators from pre-computed aggregations
+        trace1_cpu_op = trace1_agg["cpu_op"]
+        trace2_cpu_op = trace2_agg["cpu_op"]
+
+        # For detailed kernel data and python stacks, we still need to filter (but only when needed)
+        trace1_data = df1[df1["op"] == trace1_op_for_pattern]
+        trace2_data = df2[df2["op"] == trace2_op_for_pattern]
+
+        # Collect example Python stacks for this operation (for JSON output)
+        trace1_python_stacks = []
+        stack_limit = None if max_stacks == 0 else max_stacks
+        for stack_list in trace1_data["python_stack"].head(stack_limit):
+            if stack_list and len(stack_list) > 0:
+                trace1_python_stacks.append(stack_list)
+
+        trace2_python_stacks = []
+        for stack_list in trace2_data["python_stack"].head(stack_limit):
+            if stack_list and len(stack_list) > 0:
+                trace2_python_stacks.append(stack_list)
+
+        # Aggregate individual kernels by name for detailed view
+        # Group by kernel name and calculate sum/count/avg
+        trace1_kernels = trace1_data.groupby("name").agg({"dur_us": ["sum", "count", "mean"]}).reset_index()
+        trace1_kernels.columns = ["name", "total_us", "count", "avg_us"]
+        trace1_kernels = trace1_kernels.sort_values("total_us", ascending=False)
+        trace1_kernels_list = trace1_kernels.to_dict("records")
+
+        trace2_kernels = trace2_data.groupby("name").agg({"dur_us": ["sum", "count", "mean"]}).reset_index()
+        trace2_kernels.columns = ["name", "total_us", "count", "avg_us"]
+        trace2_kernels = trace2_kernels.sort_values("total_us", ascending=False)
+        trace2_kernels_list = trace2_kernels.to_dict("records")
+
+        # Determine status based on TOTAL TIME (gap), not per-call ratio
+        # This handles cases where AMD runs fewer operations via fusion.
+        # 5ms threshold chosen because:
+        # - Filters out measurement noise and minor variations
+        # - Represents meaningful performance impact (0.5% of typical 1s inference)
+        # - Aligns with human perception of "noticeable" difference
+        # - Too small (1ms) creates false positives from variance
+        # - Too large (20ms) misses real optimization opportunities
+        if gap_ms > 5.0:  # AMD spends >5ms more total time
+            status = "slower"
+        elif gap_ms < -5.0:  # AMD spends >5ms less total time
+            status = "faster"
+        else:
+            status = "similar"
+
+        # Get phases from pre-computed aggregations
+        phases = trace1_agg["phases"] | trace2_agg["phases"]
+
+        results["operations"].append(
+            {
+                "operation": op,
+                "trace1_count": trace1_count,
+                "trace2_count": trace2_count,
+                "trace1_avg_us": trace1_avg,
+                "trace2_avg_us": trace2_avg,
+                "trace1_total_ms": trace1_total,
+                "trace2_total_ms": trace2_total,
+                "ratio": ratio,
+                "gap_ms": gap_ms,
+                "status": status,
+                "trace1_kernel": trace1_pattern,
+                "trace2_kernel": trace2_pattern,
+                "trace1_cpu_op": trace1_cpu_op,
+                "trace2_cpu_op": trace2_cpu_op,
+                "trace1_python_stacks": trace1_python_stacks,  # Full stacks for JSON
+                "trace2_python_stacks": trace2_python_stacks,
+                "trace1_kernels": trace1_kernels_list,  # All individual kernels for JSON
+                "trace2_kernels": trace2_kernels_list,  # All individual kernels for JSON
+                "phases": sorted(list(phases)) if phases else ["all"],  # For client-side filtering
+            }
+        )
+
+    # Sort by absolute gap
+    results["operations"].sort(key=lambda x: abs(x["gap_ms"]), reverse=True)
+
+    # Layer-wise analysis using pre-computed aggregations
+    if len(trace1_by_layer) > 0 or len(trace2_by_layer) > 0:
+        # Get all unique layers present in either trace
+        all_layers = sorted(set(trace1_by_layer.index) | set(trace2_by_layer.index))
+
+        for layer_num in all_layers:
+            has_trace1 = layer_num in trace1_by_layer.index
+            has_trace2 = layer_num in trace2_by_layer.index
+
+            if has_trace1 and has_trace2:
+                # Layer present in both traces - compare them
+                trace1_agg = trace1_by_layer.loc[layer_num]
+                trace2_agg = trace2_by_layer.loc[layer_num]
+
+                trace1_total = trace1_agg["total_us"] / 1000
+                trace2_total = trace2_agg["total_us"] / 1000
+                trace1_count = int(trace1_agg["count"])
+                trace2_count = int(trace2_agg["count"])
+                ratio = trace1_total / trace2_total if trace2_total > 0 else 1
+                gap_ms = trace1_total - trace2_total
+
+                # Determine status (use smaller threshold for layers: 0.1ms or 20% difference)
+                threshold_ms = 0.1
+                threshold_ratio = 1.2
+                if gap_ms > threshold_ms and ratio > threshold_ratio:
+                    status = "slower"
+                elif gap_ms < -threshold_ms and ratio < (1.0 / threshold_ratio):
+                    status = "faster"
+                else:
+                    status = "similar"
+
+                results["layers"].append(
+                    {
+                        "layer": int(layer_num),
+                        "trace1_kernels": trace1_count,
+                        "trace2_kernels": trace2_count,
+                        "trace1_total_ms": trace1_total,
+                        "trace2_total_ms": trace2_total,
+                        "ratio": ratio,
+                        "gap_ms": gap_ms,
+                        "status": status,
+                        "in_both": True,
+                    }
+                )
+            elif has_trace1:
+                # Layer only in trace1
+                trace1_agg = trace1_by_layer.loc[layer_num]
+                trace1_total = trace1_agg["total_us"] / 1000
+                trace1_count = int(trace1_agg["count"])
+
+                results["layers"].append(
+                    {
+                        "layer": int(layer_num),
+                        "trace1_kernels": trace1_count,
+                        "trace2_kernels": 0,
+                        "trace1_total_ms": trace1_total,
+                        "trace2_total_ms": 0.0,
+                        "ratio": 0.0,
+                        "gap_ms": trace1_total,
+                        "status": "trace1_only",
+                        "in_both": False,
+                    }
+                )
+            elif has_trace2:
+                # Layer only in trace2
+                trace2_agg = trace2_by_layer.loc[layer_num]
+                trace2_total = trace2_agg["total_us"] / 1000
+                trace2_count = int(trace2_agg["count"])
+
+                results["layers"].append(
+                    {
+                        "layer": int(layer_num),
+                        "trace1_kernels": 0,
+                        "trace2_kernels": trace2_count,
+                        "trace1_total_ms": 0.0,
+                        "trace2_total_ms": trace2_total,
+                        "ratio": 0.0,
+                        "gap_ms": -trace2_total,
+                        "status": "trace2_only",
+                        "in_both": False,
+                    }
+                )
+
+        # Sort: comparable layers first (by absolute gap), then trace-unique layers
+        results["layers"].sort(key=lambda x: (not x["in_both"], abs(x["gap_ms"])), reverse=True)
+
+    return results

wafer_core-0.1.26/wafer_core/lib/trace_compare/classifier.py

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+"""Kernel classification logic for trace comparison.
+
+Classifies GPU kernels into operation categories (attention, GEMM, normalization, etc.)
+based on kernel name patterns and platform-specific conventions.
+"""
+
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+class Op(Enum):
+    """Kernel operation categories."""
+
+    ATTN_PREFILL = "Attention (Prefill)"
+    ATTN_DECODE = "Attention (Decode)"
+    KV_CACHE = "KV Cache"
+    MOE_ROUTING = "MoE Routing"
+    MOE_GEMM = "MoE GEMM"
+    MOE_GEMM_SWIGLU = "MoE GEMM+SwiGLU"
+    MOE_FINALIZE = "MoE Finalize"
+    DENSE_GEMM = "Dense GEMM"
+    RMSNORM = "RMSNorm"
+    RMSNORM_GEMM = "RMSNorm+GEMM"
+    TRITON_FUSED = "Triton Fused"
+    ELEMENTWISE = "Elementwise"
+    SORTING = "Sorting"
+    REDUCE = "Reduce"
+    COPY_MEMORY = "Copy/Memory"
+    OTHER = "Other"
+
+
+def classify(name: str, platform: str) -> tuple[Op, str]:
+    """Classify kernel by operation type.
+
+    Args:
+        name: Kernel name from trace
+        platform: 'AMD' or 'NVIDIA'
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (operation type, pattern name)
+    """
+    nl = name.lower()
+
+    # Attention
+    if "attention" in nl or "fmha" in nl:
+        if platform == "AMD":
+            if "2d" in nl:
+                return Op.ATTN_PREFILL, "kernel_unified_attention_2d"
+            if "3d" in nl:
+                return Op.ATTN_DECODE, "kernel_unified_attention_3d"
+        else:
+            # NVIDIA uses fmhaSm100 with 'a' (prefill/context) and 'f' (decode/forgen)
+            if "fmhasm100a" in nl or "context" in nl:
+                return Op.ATTN_PREFILL, "fmhaSm100a*_Context"
+            if "fmhasm100f" in nl or "forgen" in nl:
+                return Op.ATTN_DECODE, "fmhaSm100f*_ForGen"
+        return Op.ATTN_PREFILL, name[:40]
+
+    if "reshape_and_cache" in nl:
+        return Op.KV_CACHE, "reshape_and_cache_*"
+
+    # MoE
+    if "_matmul_ogs_" in nl:
+        if "swiglu" in nl:
+            return Op.MOE_GEMM_SWIGLU, "_matmul_ogs_*_swiglu"
+        return Op.MOE_GEMM, "_matmul_ogs_*"
+
+    if name.startswith("bmm_") and "dynbatch" in nl:
+        if "swiglu" in nl:
+            return Op.MOE_GEMM_SWIGLU, "bmm_*_swiGlu_dynBatch"
+        return Op.MOE_GEMM, "bmm_*_dynBatch"
+
+    if any(x in nl for x in ["topk", "routing", "bitmatrix", "moe_forward", "_combined_routing"]):
+        return Op.MOE_ROUTING, "moe_routing_*"
+    if "finalize" in nl or ("scatter" in nl and "moe" in nl):
+        return Op.MOE_FINALIZE, "moe_finalize_*"
+
+    # RMSNorm - match actual patterns from traces
+    if "triton" in nl and ("rsqrt" in nl or ("mean" in nl and "mul" in nl and "pow" in nl)):
+        if "gemm" in nl or "addmm" in nl:
+            return Op.RMSNORM_GEMM, "triton_*_rmsnorm_gemm"
+        return Op.RMSNORM, "triton_*_rsqrt"
+
+    # Dense GEMM - these are the most common kernels
+    if name.startswith("Cijk_") or name.startswith("Custom_Cijk_"):
+        return Op.DENSE_GEMM, "Cijk_* (Tensile)"
+    if name.startswith("nvjet_") or "cublaslt" in nl:
+        return Op.DENSE_GEMM, "nvjet_* (cuBLASLt)"
+    if "wvsplitk" in nl or name.startswith("void wvSplitK"):
+        return Op.DENSE_GEMM, "wvSplitK_* (hipBLASLt)"
+
+    # Triton fused operations - very common
+    if "triton_poi" in nl or "triton_red" in nl or "triton_per" in nl:
+        # Distinguish between different fusion patterns
+        if "silu" in nl or "swiglu" in nl:
+            return Op.TRITON_FUSED, "triton_*_silu"
+        return Op.TRITON_FUSED, "triton_*"
+
+    # PyTorch native operations
+    if "at::native::" in name:
+        return Op.ELEMENTWISE, "at::native::*"
+
+    # Sorting operations (common in sampling/topk)
+    if "sort" in nl or "radixsort" in nl or "merge" in nl:
+        if platform == "AMD":
+            return Op.SORTING, "rocprim::sort/merge_*"
+        else:
+            return Op.SORTING, "cub::DeviceRadixSort*"
+
+    # Reduce operations
+    if "reduce" in nl and ("reduce_segments" in nl or "devicereduce" in nl or "devicescan" in nl):
+        if platform == "AMD":
+            return Op.REDUCE, "reduce_segments"
+        else:
+            return Op.REDUCE, "cub::DeviceReduce*"
+
+    # Memory copy operations
+    if "copy" in nl or "memcpy" in nl or "_copy_page_indices" in nl:
+        return Op.COPY_MEMORY, "copy_*"
+
+    # ROCm/CUDA library kernels (other)
+    if "rocprim::" in name or "cub::" in name:
+        return Op.OTHER, "rocprim/cub_*"
+
+    return Op.OTHER, name[:40]
+
+
+def classify_kernel(name: str) -> str:
+    """Simplified kernel classification for fusion analysis.
+
+    Args:
+        name: Kernel name from trace
+
+    Returns:
+        Simple category name consistent across platforms
+    """
+    nl = name.lower()
+
+    # GEMM operations (matrix multiplication)
+    if any(x in nl for x in ["cijk_", "nvjet", "wvsplitk", "cublas", "hipblas", "tensile"]):
+        return "GEMM"
+
+    # Attention
+    if "attention" in nl or "fmha" in nl:
+        return "Attention"
+
+    # KV Cache
+    if "reshape_and_cache" in nl:
+        return "KV_Cache"
+
+    # RMSNorm / LayerNorm
+    if "triton" in nl and "rsqrt" in nl:
+        return "RMSNorm"
+    if "layernorm" in nl or "rmsnorm" in nl:
+        return "RMSNorm"
+
+    # SwiGLU / Activations
+    if "silu" in nl or "swiglu" in nl:
+        return "SwiGLU"
+    if "gelu" in nl:
+        return "GELU"
+    if "relu" in nl and "gelu" not in nl:
+        return "ReLU"
+
+    # Triton fused operations (generic)
+    if "triton_poi" in nl:
+        return "Triton_Pointwise"
+    if "triton_red" in nl:
+        return "Triton_Reduce"
+    if "triton_per" in nl:
+        return "Triton_Persistent"
+
+    # Reduce operations
+    if "reduce_segments" in nl or "devicereduce" in nl:
+        return "Reduce"
+
+    # Sort operations
+    if "sort" in nl or "radixsort" in nl or "merge" in nl:
+        return "Sort"
+
+    # Softmax
+    if "softmax" in nl:
+        return "Softmax"
+
+    # Elementwise operations
+    if any(x in nl for x in ["elementwise", "unrolled_elementwise"]):
+        return "Elementwise"
+
+    # Copy/Memory operations
+    if "copy" in nl or "memcpy" in nl:
+        return "MemCopy"
+
+    return "Other"