tiny-ca 0.1.2__tar.gz → 0.2.1__tar.gz

tiny_ca-0.2.1/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 Denis Shchutskyi (Shchusia)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+
+---
+
+## Third-Party Licenses
+
+This software uses the following open source dependencies:
+
+- **cryptography** (BSD 3-Clause) - https://github.com/pyca/cryptography
+- **SQLAlchemy** (MIT) - https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy
+- **Pydantic** (MIT) - https://github.com/pydantic/pydantic
+- **aiosqlite** (MIT) - https://github.com/omnilib/aiosqlite
+- **aiofiles** (Apache 2.0) - https://github.com/Tinche/aiofiles

tiny_ca-0.2.1/PKG-INFO

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+Metadata-Version: 2.4
+Name: tiny-ca
+Version: 0.2.1
+Summary: A lightweight, 100%-tested Python library for managing the full lifecycle of X.509 certificates — issuance, revocation, rotation, CRL generation, PKCS#12 export, and more.
+Author-email: Denis Shchutskyi <denisshchutskyi@gmail.com>
+License: MIT
+Project-URL: Repository, https://github.com/Shchusia/tiny_ca
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://shchusia.github.io/tiny_ca/
+Project-URL: Bug Tracker, https://github.com/Shchusia/tiny_ca/issues
+Project-URL: Changelog, https://github.com/Shchusia/tiny_ca/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
+Keywords: pki,x509,certificate,ca,tls,ssl,cryptography,crl,pkcs12
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13
+Classifier: Topic :: Security :: Cryptography
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Typing :: Typed
+Requires-Python: >=3.11
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: cryptography>=46.0.0
+Requires-Dist: pydantic[email]>=2.12.0
+Requires-Dist: sqlalchemy>=2.0.0
+Provides-Extra: async
+Requires-Dist: aiofiles>=25.1.0; extra == "async"
+Requires-Dist: aiosqlite>=0.22.0; extra == "async"
+Requires-Dist: types-aiofiles>=25.1.0; extra == "async"
+Provides-Extra: postgres
+Requires-Dist: psycopg2-binary>=2.9.0; extra == "postgres"
+Provides-Extra: postgres-async
+Requires-Dist: asyncpg>=0.30.0; extra == "postgres-async"
+Provides-Extra: mysql
+Requires-Dist: pymysql>=1.1.0; extra == "mysql"
+Provides-Extra: mysql-async
+Requires-Dist: aiomysql>=0.2.0; extra == "mysql-async"
+Provides-Extra: all
+Requires-Dist: tiny-ca[async,mysql,mysql-async,postgres,postgres-async]; extra == "all"
+Dynamic: license-file
+
+# tiny_ca
+
+[![Python](https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/tiny-ca)](https://pypi.org/project/tiny-ca/)
+[![PyPI](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/tiny-ca?color=blue)](https://pypi.org/project/tiny-ca/)
+
+[![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/Shchusia/tiny_ca/badge.svg?branch=feature/docs)](https://coveralls.io/github/Shchusia/tiny_ca?branch=feature/docs)
+[![Docs](https://img.shields.io/badge/Docs-passing-green)](https://shchusia.github.io/tiny_ca/)
+[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-blue)](LICENSE)
+
+A lightweight, **100%-tested** Python library for managing the full lifecycle of X.509 certificates — from bootstrapping a self-signed root CA to issuing, revoking, rotating, renewing, and co-signing end-entity certificates, generating and verifying CRLs, exporting PKCS#12 bundles, and issuing intermediate CAs — all backed by pluggable sync/async storage and database adapters.
+
+---
+
+## REST API
+
+> Looking for a ready-to-use HTTP server built on **tiny-ca**?
+> Check out **[tiny-ca-gateway](https://github.com/Shchusia/tiny-ca-gateway)** — a framework-agnostic REST API adapter that exposes all 22 certificate lifecycle endpoints with no extra code.
+
+| | |
+|---|---|
+| **GitHub** | [github.com/Shchusia/tiny-ca-gateway](https://github.com/Shchusia/tiny-ca-gateway) |
+| **Integration guide** | [tiny-ca-gateway/blob/master/README.md](https://github.com/Shchusia/tiny-ca-gateway/blob/master/README.md) |
+| **Supported frameworks** | FastAPI · Flask · aiohttp · Django Ninja |
+
+```bash
+pip install "tiny-ca-gateway[fastapi]"   # FastAPI + Uvicorn
+pip install "tiny-ca-gateway[flask]"     # Flask + Gunicorn
+pip install "tiny-ca-gateway[aiohttp]"   # aiohttp
+pip install "tiny-ca-gateway[django]"    # Django + Django Ninja
+```
+
+```python
+# FastAPI — all 22 CA endpoints in 5 lines
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from tiny_ca_gateway.fastapi.lifespan.manager import FastAPILifespanManager
+from tiny_ca_gateway.fastapi.api.v1.ca_routes import router
+
+@asynccontextmanager
+async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
+    await FastAPILifespanManager(common_name="My CA").on_startup()
+    yield
+
+app = FastAPI(lifespan=lifespan)
+app.include_router(router, prefix="/api/v1")
+# → Swagger UI at http://localhost:8000/docs
+```
+
+---
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+- [Features](#features)
+- [Requirements](#requirements)
+- [Architecture](#architecture)
+- [Installation](#installation)
+- [Quick Start](#quick-start)
+- [Complete Examples](#complete-examples)
+- [Configuration Models](#configuration-models)
+- [Storage Backends](#storage-backends)
+- [Database Adapters](#database-adapters)
+- [Serial Number Encoding](#serial-number-encoding)
+- [Error Reference](#error-reference)
+- [FAQ](#faq)
+- [Migrating from Other CAs](#migrating-from-other-cas)
+- [Benchmark Results](#benchmark-results)
+- [Project Structure](#project-structure)
+- [Security Policy](#security-policy)
+- [License](#license)
+
+---
+
+## Features
+
+| Category | Capability |
+|---|---|
+| **CA bootstrap** | Self-signed root CA and intermediate (sub) CA with configurable `path_length` |
+| **Issuance** | Leaf certificates with SANs (DNS + IP), EKU (Server/Client Auth), email attribute |
+| **Lifecycle** | Revoke (RFC 5280 reasons), renew (same key), rotate (new key), hard-delete |
+| **CRL** | Build, sign, and verify Certificate Revocation Lists with configurable validity |
+| **Inspection** | Structured `CertificateDetails` snapshot from any `x509.Certificate` — fully serialisable |
+| **Export** | PKCS#12 (`.p12`/`.pfx`) bundles with full CA chain |
+| **Co-signing** | Re-sign third-party certificates under your CA, preserving Subject and extensions |
+| **Chain** | Build `[leaf, ca]` fullchain ready for nginx, Apache, or Envoy |
+| **Monitoring** | List certs with filters, find expiring-soon, bulk-expire stale records |
+| **Storage** | `LocalStorage` (sync) and `AsyncLocalStorage` (async, aiofiles) with UUID-based isolation |
+| **Database** | `SyncDBHandler` (SQLAlchemy) and `AsyncDBHandler` (aiosqlite) — SQLite, PostgreSQL, MySQL |
+| **API parity** | `CertLifecycleManager` and `AsyncCertLifecycleManager` are feature-identical |
+| **Serial numbers** | `SerialWithEncoding` — 160-bit RFC 5280-compliant, type-prefixed, name-encoded |
+| **Test coverage** | **100 %** line and branch coverage across all modules |
+
+---
+
+## Requirements
+
+- **Python** 3.11 or higher
+- **Core:** `cryptography >= 46`, `sqlalchemy >= 2`, `pydantic >= 2`
+- **Async extras:** `aiofiles`, `aiosqlite`
+- **PostgreSQL:** `psycopg2-binary` (sync) / `asyncpg` (async)
+- **MySQL:** `pymysql` (sync) / `aiomysql` (async)
+
+---
+
+## Architecture
+
+```
+CertLifecycleManager / AsyncCertLifecycleManager   ← application entry-point
+        │
+        ├── CertificateFactory                      ← crypto-only, zero I/O
+        │       ├── ICALoader (Protocol)
+        │       │       ├── CAFileLoader            ← sync PEM file loader
+        │       │       └── AsyncCAFileLoader       ← async PEM file loader
+        │       ├── CertLifetime                    ← validity window helpers
+        │       ├── CertSerialParser                ← read serials from certs
+        │       └── SerialWithEncoding              ← encode / decode serial numbers
+        │
+        ├── BaseStorage (ABC)
+        │       ├── LocalStorage                    ← sync filesystem (UUID-isolated)
+        │       └── AsyncLocalStorage               ← async filesystem (aiofiles)
+        │
+        └── BaseDB (ABC)
+                ├── SyncDBHandler                   ← SQLAlchemy sync
+                └── AsyncDBHandler                  ← SQLAlchemy async (aiosqlite)
+```
+
+Every component is injected at construction time — no global singletons, trivially testable.
+
+---
+
+## Installation
+
+```bash
+# Core sync-only
+pip install tiny-ca
+
+# With async support (recommended)
+pip install tiny-ca[async]
+
+# PostgreSQL
+pip install tiny-ca[postgres]           # sync (psycopg2)
+pip install tiny-ca[postgres-async]     # async (asyncpg)
+
+# MySQL
+pip install tiny-ca[mysql]              # sync (pymysql)
+pip install tiny-ca[mysql-async]        # async (aiomysql)
+
+# Everything
+pip install tiny-ca[all]
+```
+
+---
+
+## Quick Start
+
+### 1. Bootstrap a Root CA
+
+```python
+from tiny_ca.managers.sync_lifecycle_manager import CertLifecycleManager
+from tiny_ca.storage.local_storage import LocalStorage
+from tiny_ca.db.sync_db_manager import SyncDBHandler
+from tiny_ca.models.certificate import CAConfig
+
+storage = LocalStorage(base_folder="./pki")
+db = SyncDBHandler(db_url="sqlite:///pki.db")
+mgr = CertLifecycleManager(storage=storage, db_handler=db)
+
+cert_path, key_path = mgr.create_self_signed_ca(
+    CAConfig(common_name="My Root CA", organization="ACME Corp",
+             country="UA", key_size=4096, days_valid=3650)
+)
+```
+
+Attach the factory so the manager can issue certificates:
+
+```python
+from tiny_ca.ca_factory.utils.file_loader import CAFileLoader
+from tiny_ca.ca_factory.factory import CertificateFactory
+
+loader = CAFileLoader(ca_cert_path=cert_path, ca_key_path=key_path)
+mgr.factory = CertificateFactory(loader)
+```
+
+### 2. Issue a Leaf Certificate
+
+```python
+from tiny_ca.models.certificate import ClientConfig
+from tiny_ca.const import CertType
+
+cert, key, csr = mgr.issue_certificate(
+    ClientConfig(
+        common_name="nginx.internal",
+        serial_type=CertType.SERVICE,
+        key_size=2048,
+        days_valid=365,
+        is_server_cert=True,
+        san_dns=["nginx.internal", "www.nginx.internal"],
+        san_ip=["192.168.1.10"],
+    ),
+    cert_path="services",
+)
+```
+
+### 3. Renew a Certificate (same key)
+
+Keeps the existing public key — only validity window and serial number change.
+Use when the key has **not** been compromised.
+
+```python
+renewed = mgr.renew_certificate(serial=cert.serial_number, days_valid=365)
+```
+
+### 4. Rotate a Certificate (new key)
+
+Atomically revokes the old cert and issues a replacement with a fresh key pair.
+
+```python
+new_cert, new_key, new_csr = mgr.rotate_certificate(
+    serial=cert.serial_number,
+    config=ClientConfig(common_name="nginx.internal",
+                        serial_type=CertType.SERVICE, days_valid=365,
+                        is_server_cert=True),
+)
+```
+
+### 5. Revoke a Certificate
+
+```python
+from cryptography import x509
+mgr.revoke_certificate(serial=cert.serial_number, reason=x509.ReasonFlags.key_compromise)
+```
+
+### 6. Generate and Verify a CRL
+
+```python
+crl = mgr.generate_crl(days_valid=7)   # written to <base_folder>/crl.pem
+mgr.verify_crl(crl)                     # raises ValidationCertError on failure
+```
+
+### 7. Issue an Intermediate CA
+
+```python
+sub_ca_cert, sub_ca_key = mgr.issue_intermediate_ca(
+    common_name="Issuing CA", key_size=4096, days_valid=1825,
+    path_length=0, organization="ACME Corp", country="UA",
+    cert_path="intermediate",
+)
+```
+
+### 8. Export PKCS#12
+
+```python
+p12_bytes = mgr.export_pkcs12(cert=cert, private_key=key,
+                               password=b"strong-passphrase", name="nginx.internal")
+with open("nginx.p12", "wb") as f:
+    f.write(p12_bytes)
+```
+
+### 9. Co-sign a Third-Party Certificate
+
+```python
+from cryptography import x509
+third_party = x509.load_pem_x509_certificate(open("partner.pem", "rb").read())
+cosigned = mgr.cosign_certificate(cert=third_party, days_valid=365)
+```
+
+### 10. Inspect a Certificate
+
+```python
+details = mgr.inspect_certificate(cert)
+print(details.common_name, details.fingerprint_sha256, details.public_key_size)
+
+# Build fullchain.pem for nginx
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization import Encoding
+chain = mgr.get_cert_chain(cert)
+fullchain_pem = b"".join(c.public_bytes(Encoding.PEM) for c in chain)
+```
+
+### 11. Monitor Certificates
+
+```python
+records  = mgr.list_certificates(status="valid", key_type="service", limit=50)
+expiring = mgr.get_expiring_soon(within_days=30)
+updated  = mgr.refresh_expired_statuses()   # run periodically
+mgr.delete_certificate(serial=cert.serial_number)
+```
+
+### 12. Async Usage
+
+```python
+import asyncio
+from tiny_ca.managers.async_lifecycle_manager import AsyncCertLifecycleManager
+from tiny_ca.storage.async_local_storage import AsyncLocalStorage
+from tiny_ca.db.async_db_manager import AsyncDBHandler
+from tiny_ca.models.certificate import CAConfig, ClientConfig
+from tiny_ca.const import CertType
+
+async def main():
+    storage = AsyncLocalStorage(base_folder="./pki_async")
+    db = AsyncDBHandler(db_url="sqlite+aiosqlite:///pki_async.db")
+    await db._db.init_db()
+
+    mgr = AsyncCertLifecycleManager(storage=storage, db_handler=db)
+    cert_path, key_path = await mgr.create_self_signed_ca(
+        CAConfig(common_name="Async CA", organization="ACME",
+                 country="UA", key_size=2048, days_valid=3650)
+    )
+
+    from tiny_ca.ca_factory.utils.afile_loader import AsyncCAFileLoader
+    from tiny_ca.ca_factory.factory import CertificateFactory
+    loader = await AsyncCAFileLoader.create(cert_path, key_path)
+    mgr.factory = CertificateFactory(loader)
+
+    cert, key, csr = await mgr.issue_certificate(
+        ClientConfig(common_name="api.internal", serial_type=CertType.SERVICE,
+                     key_size=2048, days_valid=365, is_server_cert=True)
+    )
+    details = await mgr.inspect_certificate(cert)
+    p12 = await mgr.export_pkcs12(cert, key, password=b"secret")
+
+asyncio.run(main())
+```
+
+---
+
+## Complete Examples
+
+| File | Description |
+|---|---|
+| `examples/complete_example.py` | Sync API — full lifecycle |
+| `examples/acomplete_example.py` | Async API — full lifecycle |
+
+```bash
+python examples/complete_example.py
+python examples/acomplete_example.py
+```
+
+---
+
+## Configuration Models
+
+### `CAConfig`
+
+| Field | Type | Default | Description |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `common_name` | `str` | `"Internal CA"` | CA Common Name (CN) |
+| `organization` | `str` | `"My Company"` | Organization (O) |
+| `country` | `str` | `"UA"` | Two-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code |
+| `key_size` | `int` | `2048` | RSA key length in bits |
+| `days_valid` | `int` | `3650` | Validity period in days |
+| `valid_from` | `datetime \| None` | `None` | Explicit UTC start; `None` = now |
+
+### `ClientConfig`
+
+| Field | Type | Default | Description |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `common_name` | `str` | — | Certificate CN |
+| `serial_type` | `CertType` | `SERVICE` | Certificate category |
+| `key_size` | `int` | `2048` | RSA key length |
+| `days_valid` | `int` | `3650` | Validity period |
+| `email` | `EmailStr \| None` | `None` | `emailAddress` Subject attribute |
+| `is_server_cert` | `bool` | `True` | Adds ServerAuth EKU + CN as DNS SAN |
+| `is_client_cert` | `bool` | `False` | Adds ClientAuth EKU |
+| `san_dns` | `list[str] \| None` | `None` | Extra DNS Subject Alternative Names |
+| `san_ip` | `list[str] \| None` | `None` | IP address SANs |
+| `name` | `str \| None` | `None` | Override output file base name |
+
+### `CertType`
+
+| Value | String | Description |
+|---|---|---|
+| `CertType.CA` | `"CA"` | Root or intermediate CA |
+| `CertType.USER` | `"USR"` | User / human certificate |
+| `CertType.SERVICE` | `"SVC"` | Service / server certificate |
+| `CertType.DEVICE` | `"DEV"` | IoT / device certificate |
+| `CertType.INTERNAL` | `"INT"` | Internal infrastructure certificate |
+
+---
+
+## Storage Backends
+
+### `LocalStorage` (sync)
+
+```python
+from tiny_ca.storage.local_storage import LocalStorage
+storage = LocalStorage(base_folder="./pki")
+```
+
+```
+./pki/
+└── [cert_path/]
+    └── <uuid>/
+        ├── nginx.pem    ← x509.Certificate
+        ├── nginx.key    ← RSA private key
+        └── nginx.csr    ← CSR
+```
+
+### `AsyncLocalStorage` (async)
+
+Drop-in async replacement — same constructor, same layout, all I/O via `aiofiles`.
+
+---
+
+## Database Adapters
+
+```python
+# Sync
+db = SyncDBHandler(db_url="sqlite:///pki.db")
+db = SyncDBHandler(db_url="postgresql+psycopg2://user:pass@host/pki")
+
+# Async
+db = AsyncDBHandler(db_url="sqlite+aiosqlite:///pki.db")
+db = AsyncDBHandler(db_url="postgresql+asyncpg://user:pass@host/pki")
+await db._db.init_db()
+```
+
+### `BaseDB` contract
+
+| Method | Description |
+|---|---|
+| `get_by_serial(serial)` | Fetch any record by serial number |
+| `get_by_name(cn)` | Fetch active VALID record by CN |
+| `register_cert_in_db(cert, uuid, key_type)` | Persist a new certificate |
+| `revoke_certificate(serial, reason)` | Mark as revoked (RFC 5280) |
+| `get_revoked_certificates()` | Yield rows for CRL generation |
+| `list_all(status, key_type, limit, offset)` | Paginated listing with filters |
+| `get_expiring(within_days)` | VALID certs expiring within N days |
+| `delete_by_uuid(uuid)` | Hard-delete a record |
+| `update_status_expired()` | Bulk-mark stale VALID records as EXPIRED |
+
+---
+
+## Serial Number Encoding
+
+`SerialWithEncoding` packs three fields into a 160-bit integer (RFC 5280):
+
+```
+┌──────────────┬──────────────────────┬────────────────────┐
+│  16-bit type │  80-bit name         │  64-bit random     │
+│  prefix      │  (up to 10 chars)    │  (UUID fragment)   │
+└──────────────┴──────────────────────┴────────────────────┘
+```
+
+```python
+from tiny_ca.utils.serial_generator import SerialWithEncoding
+from tiny_ca.const import CertType
+
+serial = SerialWithEncoding.generate("nginx", CertType.SERVICE)
+cert_type, name = SerialWithEncoding.parse(serial)
+# cert_type == CertType.SERVICE, name == "nginx"
+```
+
+---
+
+## Error Reference
+
+| Exception | When raised | Resolution |
+|---|---|---|
+| `DBNotInitedError` | `db_handler is None` | Pass `db_handler` to the manager |
+| `NotUniqueCertOwner` | CN conflict, `is_overwrite=False` | Use `is_overwrite=True` |
+| `CertNotFound` | `renew`/`rotate` for unknown serial | Verify the serial exists |
+| `ValidationCertError` | Bad issuer, expired, invalid signature | Check cert origin and CA |
+| `InvalidRangeTimeCertificate` | `not_after` already in the past | Fix `valid_from` or `days_valid` |
+| `FileAlreadyExists` | File exists, `is_overwrite=False` | Use `is_overwrite=True` |
+| `NotExistCertFile` | CA PEM path missing | Check the file path |
+| `IsNotFile` | CA PEM path is a directory | Provide a file, not a directory |
+| `WrongType` | Unsupported file extension | Use `.pem`, `.key`, or `.csr` |
+| `ErrorLoadCert` | PEM deserialisation failed | Check file format and integrity |
+
+---
+
+## FAQ
+
+**Can I use an existing CA?**
+Yes — load it with `CAFileLoader` or `AsyncCAFileLoader`.
+
+**What's the difference between `renew` and `rotate`?**
+`renew` keeps the key pair and extends validity. `rotate` generates a new key and revokes the old cert.
+
+**How do I schedule CRL regeneration?**
+Use APScheduler or any cron solution:
+```python
+scheduler.add_job(mgr.generate_crl, "cron", day_of_week="mon", hour=0)
+```
+
+**Can I use a custom storage backend (S3, Redis)?**
+Yes — subclass `BaseStorage` and implement `save_certificate` and `delete_certificate_folder`.
+
+**How do I protect the CA private key with a password?**
+```python
+loader = CAFileLoader(ca_cert_path="ca.pem", ca_key_path="ca.key",
+                      ca_key_password=b"passphrase")
+```
+
+---
+
+## Migrating from Other CAs
+
+### From OpenSSL
+
+```bash
+openssl x509 -in ca.crt -out ca.pem -outform PEM
+openssl rsa  -in ca.key -out ca-key.pem -outform PEM
+```
+```python
+loader = CAFileLoader(ca_cert_path="ca.pem", ca_key_path="ca-key.pem")
+mgr.factory = CertificateFactory(loader)
+```
+
+### From Easy-RSA / CFSSL
+
+Both output standard PEM files — follow the OpenSSL migration steps.
+
+---
+
+## Benchmark Results
+
+*Linux 6.17, Python 3.11.15, 32-core CPU, NVMe SSD. 5 iterations each.*
+
+| Operation | Sync | Async |
+|---|---|---|
+| CA creation (2048-bit) | 0.037 s | 0.067 s |
+| CA creation (4096-bit) | 0.317 s | 0.411 s |
+| Leaf issuance (2048-bit) | 0.055 s | 0.052 s |
+| Leaf issuance (4096-bit) | 0.476 s | 0.712 s |
+| CRL generation | 0.001 s | 0.002 s |
+| Certificate verification | 0.0003 s | 0.0008 s |
+| PKCS#12 export | 0.0005 s | 0.0006 s |
+
+Key generation dominates issuance time. For >1 000 certs/hour use PostgreSQL, the async API, and connection pooling.
+
+---
+
+## Project Structure
+
+```
+tiny_ca/
+├── const.py                        # CertType, ALLOWED_CERT_EXTENSIONS
+├── exc.py                          # all custom exceptions
+├── settings.py                     # DEFAULT_LOGGER
+├── ca_factory/
+│   ├── factory.py                  # CertificateFactory — all crypto
+│   └── utils/
+│       ├── file_loader.py          # CAFileLoader + ICALoader Protocol
+│       ├── afile_loader.py         # AsyncCAFileLoader
+│       ├── life_time.py            # CertLifetime
+│       └── serial.py               # CertSerialParser
+├── db/
+│   ├── base_db.py                  # BaseDB — 9 abstract methods
+│   ├── models.py                   # CertificateRecord ORM model
+│   ├── const.py                    # RevokeStatus, CertificateStatus
+│   ├── sync_db_manager.py          # SyncDBHandler
+│   └── async_db_manager.py         # AsyncDBHandler
+├── managers/
+│   ├── sync_lifecycle_manager.py   # CertLifecycleManager (20+ ops)
+│   └── async_lifecycle_manager.py  # AsyncCertLifecycleManager
+├── models/
+│   └── certificate.py              # CAConfig, ClientConfig, CertificateDetails
+├── storage/
+│   ├── base_storage.py             # BaseStorage ABC
+│   ├── const.py                    # CryptoObject type alias
+│   ├── local_storage.py            # LocalStorage
+│   └── async_local_storage.py      # AsyncLocalStorage
+└── utils/
+    └── serial_generator.py         # SerialWithEncoding
+```
+
+---
+
+## Security Policy
+
+Do **not** open public issues for security vulnerabilities. Email the maintainer (see GitHub profile). Acknowledgement within 48 hours; public advisory only after a fix is available.
+
+---
+
+## License
+
+[MIT](LICENSE) © 2025 Denis Shchutskyi
+
+| Dependency | License |
+|---|---|
+| cryptography | BSD 3-Clause |
+| SQLAlchemy | MIT |
+| Pydantic | MIT |
+| aiosqlite | MIT |
+| aiofiles | Apache 2.0 |