splinekit 0.2.7__tar.gz → 0.2.8__tar.gz

{splinekit-0.2.7 → splinekit-0.2.8}/PKG-INFO

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 Metadata-Version: 2.4
 Name: splinekit
-Version: 0.2.7
+Version: 0.2.8
 Summary: A set of functions and classes to handle periodic 1D polynomial splines
-Author-Email: =?utf-8?q?Philippe_Th=C3=A9venaz?= <philippe.thevenaz@icloud.com>
-Maintainer-Email: =?utf-8?q?Philippe_Th=C3=A9venaz?= <philippe.thevenaz@icloud.com>
+Author-Email: Philippe Thévenaz <philippe.thevenaz@icloud.com>
+Maintainer-Email: Philippe Thévenaz <philippe.thevenaz@icloud.com>
 License-Expression: MIT
 License-File: LICENSE
 Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
 
 <!-- splinekit/README.md -->
 
-# Version 0.2.7
+# Version 0.2.8
 
 # splinekit: Spline Operations
 `splinekit` is a Python-based open-source software library aimed at the manipulation of one-dimensional periodic splines.
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ pip install -e .[dev]
 
 ## Release Notes
 
-### 0.1.0
+### 0.1.*
 First stable version. Pure Python.
 
 ### 0.2.1
@@ -133,3 +133,6 @@ Some demos added. Documentation minor updates.
 
 ### 0.2.7
 Upgraded to jupyterlite 0.7
+
+### 0.2.8
+Some demos added.

{splinekit-0.2.7 → splinekit-0.2.8}/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <!-- splinekit/README.md -->
 
-# Version 0.2.7
+# Version 0.2.8
 
 # splinekit: Spline Operations
 `splinekit` is a Python-based open-source software library aimed at the manipulation of one-dimensional periodic splines.
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ pip install -e .[dev]
 
 ## Release Notes
 
-### 0.1.0
+### 0.1.*
 First stable version. Pure Python.
 
 ### 0.2.1
@@ -82,3 +82,6 @@ Some demos added. Documentation minor updates.
 
 ### 0.2.7
 Upgraded to jupyterlite 0.7
+
+### 0.2.8
+Some demos added.

{splinekit-0.2.7 → splinekit-0.2.8/dev/Accelerated}/pyproject.toml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ build-backend = "scikit_build_core.build" # Activate for C dynamic library
 # Project
 [project]
 name = "splinekit"
-version = "0.2.7"
+version = "0.2.8"
 dependencies = [
     "numpy >=1.26",
     "scipy >=1.15",

splinekit-0.2.8/dev/Jupyter/periodic-spline/calculus/spline_antigrad.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "02240a05-3526-4530-ae12-d9522465b594",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Anti-Gradient of Periodic Splines\n",
+    "The spline $f$ whose anti-gradient is sought is shown as a <span style=\"color:#c20078\">**fuchsia**</span> curve, with data samples at the integers represented with circles and stem lines. The sample at the origin, as well as its periodized replicates, is indicated by a red circle and stem line. The small black disks depict the knots of the spline. The anti-gradient is shown in the <span style=\"color:#1f77b4\">**azure**</span> color, while the gradient of the anti-gradient is shown in <span style=\"color:#2ca02c\">**green**</span>. Up to some value offset that depends on $E\\{f\\},$ the green and the fuchsia curves are identical.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "It is instructive to realize that the knots of all three splines share their abscissa. This indicates that the delay associated to the anti-gradient is a half-integer away from the delay associated to the spline $f$ because the degree of one of these two splines is even when the degree of the other one is odd, and reciprocally."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "230ca8a8-c806-4207-b416-9954d55f1377",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Load the required libraries\n",
+    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
+    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import splinekit as sk # This library\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Setup\n",
+    "max_period = 15 # Maximal period\n",
+    "max_degree = 5 # Maximal spline degree\n",
+    "max_delay = 8.0 # Maximal absolute delay\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Initialize the generator of random numbers\n",
+    "rng = np.random.default_rng()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Initial random periodic cubic splines with normal Gaussian coefficients\n",
+    "f0 = sk.PeriodicSpline1D.from_spline_coeff(rng.standard_normal(6), degree = 3)\n",
+    "f0 = f0.plus(rng.choice([-1.0, 1.0]) * rng.uniform(0.05, 0.15) - f0.mean())\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Plot\n",
+    "def update_plot (\n",
+    "    period = 6,\n",
+    "    degree = 1,\n",
+    "    delay = 0.0\n",
+    "):\n",
+    "    global f0\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Update of the spline\n",
+    "    if f0.period != period:\n",
+    "        f0 = sk.PeriodicSpline1D.from_spline_coeff(\n",
+    "            rng.standard_normal(period),\n",
+    "            degree = f0.degree\n",
+    "        )\n",
+    "        # Slight departure from zero-mean\n",
+    "        f0 = f0.plus(rng.choice([-1.0, 1.0]) * rng.uniform(0.05, 0.15) - f0.mean())\n",
+    "    f0.degree = degree\n",
+    "    f0.delay = delay\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Anti-gradient\n",
+    "    g0 = f0.anti_grad()\n",
+    "    # Gradient of the anti-gradient\n",
+    "    f = g0.gradient()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Dynamic range\n",
+    "    image = {f0.image(), g0.image(), f.image()}\n",
+    "    plotrange = sk.interval.Interval.enclosure(image)\n",
+    "    plotrange = sk.interval.Closed((\n",
+    "        plotrange.midpoint - 0.55 * plotrange.diameter,\n",
+    "        plotrange.midpoint + 0.55 * plotrange.diameter\n",
+    "    ))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Plot of the spline\n",
+    "    subplot = plt.subplots()\n",
+    "    f0.plot(subplot, plotrange = plotrange, plotpoints = 200 + 1, curve_fmt = \"-m\")\n",
+    "    g0.plot(subplot, plotrange = plotrange, plotpoints = 200 + 1, curve_fmt = \"-C0\")\n",
+    "    f.plot(subplot, plotrange = plotrange, plotpoints = 200 + 1, curve_fmt = \"-C2\")\n",
+    "    plt.show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Interaction\n",
+    "widgets.interactive(\n",
+    "    update_plot,\n",
+    "    period = (1, max_period),\n",
+    "    degree = (0, max_degree),\n",
+    "    delay = (-max_delay, max_delay)\n",
+    ")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "c719d9b2-273a-431b-9812-11db4edcb69c",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.6"
+  },
+  "widgets": {
+   "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-state+json": {
+    "state": {},
+    "version_major": 2,
+    "version_minor": 0
+   }
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}

splinekit-0.2.8/dev/Jupyter/periodic-spline/calculus/spline_derivative.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "02240a05-3526-4530-ae12-d9522465b594",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Derivatives of Periodic Splines\n",
+    "We show in the <span style=\"color:#c20078\">**fuchsia**</span> color the spline $f$ of degree $n\\in{\\mathbb{N}}$ whose derivative of order $m\\in[0\\ldots n]$ is sought. The data samples of $f$ at the integers are represented with circles and stem lines. The sample at the origin, as well as its periodized replicates, is indicated by a red circle and stem line. The small black disks depict the knots of the spline. The derivative $\\frac{{\\mathrm{d}}^{m}f(x)}{{\\mathrm{d}}x^{m}}$ is shown in the <span style=\"color:#2ca02c\">**green**</span> color."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "230ca8a8-c806-4207-b416-9954d55f1377",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Load the required libraries\n",
+    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
+    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import splinekit as sk # This library\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Setup\n",
+    "max_period = 15 # Maximal period\n",
+    "max_degree = 5 # Maximal degree of the spline\n",
+    "max_delay = 2.0 # Maximal absolute delay\n",
+    "plotpoints = 200 + 1 # Number of rendered samples\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Initialize the generator of random numbers\n",
+    "rng = np.random.default_rng()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Initial random periodic cubic splines with normal Gaussian coefficients\n",
+    "f = sk.PeriodicSpline1D.from_spline_coeff(rng.standard_normal(6), degree = 3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Plot\n",
+    "def update_plot (\n",
+    "    degree = 3,\n",
+    "    order = 2,\n",
+    "    period = 6,\n",
+    "    delay = 0.0\n",
+    "):\n",
+    "    global f\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Update of the spline\n",
+    "    if f.period != period:\n",
+    "        f = sk.PeriodicSpline1D.from_spline_coeff(\n",
+    "            rng.standard_normal(period),\n",
+    "            degree = f.degree\n",
+    "        )\n",
+    "    f.degree = degree\n",
+    "    f.delay = delay\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Derivative of the specified order\n",
+    "    g = f.differentiated(order)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Dynamic range\n",
+    "    image = {f.image(), g.image()}\n",
+    "    plotrange = sk.interval.Interval.enclosure(image)\n",
+    "    plotrange = sk.interval.Closed((\n",
+    "        plotrange.midpoint - 0.55 * plotrange.diameter,\n",
+    "        plotrange.midpoint + 0.55 * plotrange.diameter\n",
+    "    ))\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Plot of the spline\n",
+    "    subplot = plt.subplots()\n",
+    "    f.plot(\n",
+    "        subplot,\n",
+    "        plotrange = plotrange,\n",
+    "        plotpoints = 200 + 1,\n",
+    "        curve_fmt = \"#eccdef\" if order == 0 else \"-m\",\n",
+    "        curve_lw = 7.0 if order == 0 else 0.75\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    # Plot of the gradient\n",
+    "    g.plot(\n",
+    "        subplot,\n",
+    "        plotrange = plotrange,\n",
+    "        plotpoints = 200 + 1,\n",
+    "        curve_fmt = \"-C2\",\n",
+    "        curve_markerfmt = \" \",\n",
+    "        curvestem_linefmt = \"None\",\n",
+    "        knot_marker = \" \",\n",
+    "        periodbound_markerfmt = \" \",\n",
+    "        periodboundstem_linefmt = \"None\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    plt.show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Interaction\n",
+    "degree_widget = widgets.IntSlider(min = 0, max = max_degree, value = 3)\n",
+    "order_widget = widgets.IntSlider(min = 0, max = 3, value = 2)\n",
+    "def update_order_range (\n",
+    "    *args\n",
+    "):\n",
+    "    order_widget.max = degree_widget.value\n",
+    "degree_widget.observe(update_order_range, \"value\")\n",
+    "widgets.interactive(\n",
+    "    update_plot,\n",
+    "    degree = degree_widget,\n",
+    "    order = order_widget,\n",
+    "    period = (1, max_period),\n",
+    "    delay = (-max_delay, max_delay)\n",
+    ")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "c719d9b2-273a-431b-9812-11db4edcb69c",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.6"
+  },
+  "widgets": {
+   "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-state+json": {
+    "state": {},
+    "version_major": 2,
+    "version_minor": 0
+   }
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}

splinekit-0.2.8/dev/Jupyter/periodic-spline/calculus/spline_fourier_diff.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "02240a05-3526-4530-ae12-d9522465b594",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# Fourier Coefficients of Splines Derivatives\n",
+    "The disks with a notch represent a complex value. The phase is suggested by the orientation of the notch. The modulus is suggested by the color density, with a dense <span style=\"color:#1f77b4\">**blue**</span> color depicting a large modulus. As the modulus dwindles, the blue color fades into the white background. When the modulus becomes negligible, the phase becomes indefinite and the color turns to <span style=\"color:#d3d3d3\">**light gray**</span>.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "*   The top row of complex numbers gives the first few Fourier coefficients of the gradient of a spline, as obtained through the proper adjustment of the Fourier coefficients $F\\{f\\}$ of the *spline* itself.\n",
+    "*   The bottom row of complex numbers gives the first few Fourier coefficients $F\\{{\\mathrm{D}}^{m}\\{f\\}\\}$ of the *gradient of a spline*, as obtained directly.\n",
+    "*    The two rows do match perfectly, which provides a visual illustration of the mathematical equivalence between the two computational methods.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "The spline $f$ of degree $n\\in{\\mathbb{N}}$ is shown in the <span style=\"color:#c20078\">**fuchsia**</span> color. Its derivative of order $m\\in[0\\ldots n]$ is ${\\mathrm{D}}^{m}\\{f\\}(x)=\\frac{{\\mathrm{d}}^{m}f(x)}{{\\mathrm{d}}x^{m}}$ and is shown in the <span style=\"color:#2ca02c\">**green**</span> color."
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "230ca8a8-c806-4207-b416-9954d55f1377",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Load the required libraries\n",
+    "import cmath\n",
+    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
+    "import math\n",
+    "import matplotlib.patches as patches\n",
+    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
+    "import matplotlib.ticker as ticker\n",
+    "import numpy as np\n",
+    "\n",
+    "import splinekit as sk # This library\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Setup\n",
+    "max_period = 15 # Maximal period\n",
+    "max_degree = 9 # Maximal degree of the spline\n",
+    "max_delay = 2.0 # Maximal absolute delay\n",
+    "max_coeff = 15 # Maximal absolute Fourier index\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Initialize the generator of random numbers\n",
+    "rng = np.random.default_rng()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Initial random periodic cubic splines with normal Gaussian coefficients\n",
+    "f = sk.PeriodicSpline1D.from_spline_coeff(rng.standard_normal(6), degree = 3)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Plot\n",
+    "def update_plot (\n",
+    "    degree = 3,\n",
+    "    order = 2,\n",
+    "    period = 6,\n",
+    "    delay = 0.0\n",
+    "):\n",
+    "    global f\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Update of the spline\n",
+    "    if f.period != period:\n",
+    "        f = sk.PeriodicSpline1D.from_spline_coeff(\n",
+    "            rng.standard_normal(period),\n",
+    "            degree = f.degree\n",
+    "        )\n",
+    "    f.degree = degree\n",
+    "    f.delay = delay\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Differentiation applied in the Fourier-series domain\n",
+    "    def jw (\n",
+    "        nu\n",
+    "    ):\n",
+    "        if 0 == order:\n",
+    "            return(1.0)\n",
+    "        return(((0 + 1j) * nu * 2.0 * np.pi / period) ** order)\n",
+    "    ff = np.array(\n",
+    "        [jw(nu) * f.fourier_coeff(nu) for nu in range(-max_coeff, max_coeff + 1)],\n",
+    "        dtype = complex\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Differentiation applied in the native (time or space) domain\n",
+    "    g = f.differentiated(order)\n",
+    "    fg = np.array(\n",
+    "        [g.fourier_coeff(nu) for nu in range(-max_coeff, max_coeff + 1)],\n",
+    "        dtype = complex\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Plots\n",
+    "    (fig, (ax1, ax2)) = plt.subplots(nrows = 2)\n",
+    "    r = 0.48\n",
+    "    # Caption\n",
+    "    ax1.text(\n",
+    "        -max_coeff,\n",
+    "        4.0 * r,\n",
+    "        r\"$\\left({{\\mathrm{{j}}}}\\,\\nu\\,\\frac{{2\\,\\pi}}{{{}}}\\right)^{{{}}}\\,F\\{{f\\}}[\\nu]$\"\n",
+    "            .format(period, order)\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    ax1.text(\n",
+    "        -max_coeff,\n",
+    "        -5.0 * r,\n",
+    "        r\"$F\\{{{{\\mathrm{{D}}}}^{{{}}}\\{{f\\}}\\}}[\\nu]$\".format(order)\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    # Fourier coefficients\n",
+    "    ax1.set_xlim(left = -max_coeff, right = max_coeff)\n",
+    "    ax1.set_ylim(bottom = -2.0 * r - 0.1, top = 2.0 * r + 0.1)\n",
+    "    ax1.set_aspect(1.0)\n",
+    "    ax1.spines[:].set_color(\"None\")\n",
+    "    ax1.tick_params(\n",
+    "        bottom = True,\n",
+    "        labelbottom = True,\n",
+    "        top = True,\n",
+    "        labeltop = False,\n",
+    "        left = False,\n",
+    "        labelleft = False\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    ax1.xaxis.set_major_locator(ticker.FixedLocator([-5, 0, 5, 10]))\n",
+    "    ax1.xaxis.set_minor_locator(ticker.AutoMinorLocator())\n",
+    "    a0 = math.log(min(abs(ff)) + 0.01)\n",
+    "    a1 = math.log(max(abs(ff)) + 0.01)\n",
+    "    af = (np.log(abs(ff) + 0.01) - a0) / (a1 - a0) if a1 > a0 else np.ones(len(ff))\n",
+    "    ag = (np.log(abs(fg) + 0.01) - a0) / (a1 - a0) if a1 > a0 else np.ones(len(fg))\n",
+    "    for k1 in range(len(ff)):\n",
+    "        if cmath.isclose(\n",
+    "            0.0,\n",
+    "            ff[k1],\n",
+    "            rel_tol = math.sqrt(math.ulp(1.0)),\n",
+    "            abs_tol = math.sqrt(math.ulp(1.0))\n",
+    "        ):\n",
+    "            ax1.add_patch(patches.Circle((k1 - max_coeff, 0.55), r, color = \"lightgray\"))\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            ax1.add_patch(patches.Wedge(\n",
+    "                (k1 - max_coeff, 0.55),\n",
+    "                r,\n",
+    "                cmath.phase(ff[k1]) * 180.0 / math.pi + 22.5,\n",
+    "                cmath.phase(ff[k1]) * 180.0 / math.pi - 22.5,\n",
+    "                color = \"C0\",\n",
+    "                alpha = min(max(0.0, af[k1]), 1.0)\n",
+    "            ))\n",
+    "    for k1 in range(len(fg)):\n",
+    "        if cmath.isclose(\n",
+    "            0.0,\n",
+    "            fg[k1],\n",
+    "            rel_tol = math.sqrt(math.ulp(1.0)),\n",
+    "            abs_tol = math.sqrt(math.ulp(1.0))\n",
+    "        ):\n",
+    "            ax1.add_patch(patches.Circle((k1 - max_coeff, -0.55), r, color = \"lightgray\"))\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            ax1.add_patch(patches.Wedge(\n",
+    "                (k1 - max_coeff, -0.55),\n",
+    "                r,\n",
+    "                cmath.phase(fg[k1]) * 180.0 / math.pi + 22.5,\n",
+    "                cmath.phase(fg[k1]) * 180.0 / math.pi - 22.5,\n",
+    "                color = \"C0\",\n",
+    "                alpha = min(max(0.0, ag[k1]), 1.0)\n",
+    "            ))\n",
+    "    # Splines\n",
+    "    image = {f.image(), g.image()}\n",
+    "    plotrange = sk.interval.Interval.enclosure(image)\n",
+    "    plotrange = sk.interval.Closed((\n",
+    "        plotrange.midpoint - 0.55 * plotrange.diameter,\n",
+    "        plotrange.midpoint + 0.55 * plotrange.diameter\n",
+    "    ))\n",
+    "    g.plot((fig, ax2), plotpoints = 201, plotrange = plotrange, curve_fmt = \"-C2\")\n",
+    "    f.plot((fig, ax2), plotpoints = 201, plotrange = plotrange, curve_fmt = \"-m\")\n",
+    "    plt.show()\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Interaction\n",
+    "degree_widget = widgets.IntSlider(min = 0, max = max_degree, value = 3)\n",
+    "order_widget = widgets.IntSlider(min = 0, max = 3, value = 2)\n",
+    "def update_order_range (\n",
+    "    *args\n",
+    "):\n",
+    "    order_widget.max = degree_widget.value\n",
+    "degree_widget.observe(update_order_range, \"value\")\n",
+    "widgets.interactive(\n",
+    "    update_plot,\n",
+    "    degree = degree_widget,\n",
+    "    order = order_widget,\n",
+    "    period = (1, max_period),\n",
+    "    delay = (-max_delay, max_delay)\n",
+    ")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "c719d9b2-273a-431b-9812-11db4edcb69c",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n",
+    "\n"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.6"
+  },
+  "widgets": {
+   "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-state+json": {
+    "state": {},
+    "version_major": 2,
+    "version_minor": 0
+   }
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}