spectral-arbiter 1.0.0__tar.gz

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+ Metadata-Version: 2.4
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+ Name: spectral-arbiter
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+ Version: 1.0.0
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+ Summary: ARBITER: Attentive Relational Bidirectional Impartial Typed Encoder for Reasoning
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+ Author: Ichrak Mokhtari, Seif Attoui
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+ License-Expression: Apache-2.0
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+ Requires-Python: >=3.11
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+ Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
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+ License-File: LICENSE
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+ Requires-Dist: torch>=2.0.0
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+ Requires-Dist: transformers>=5.19.0
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+ Requires-Dist: safetensors>=0.4.0
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+ Provides-Extra: finetuning
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+ Requires-Dist: datasets>=3.0.0; extra == "finetuning"
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+ Requires-Dist: tensorboard>=2.15.0; extra == "finetuning"
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+ Requires-Dist: nbformat>=5.9.0; extra == "finetuning"
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+ Requires-Dist: jupyterlab>=4.0.0; extra == "finetuning"
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+ Provides-Extra: benchmark
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+ Requires-Dist: scipy>=1.10.0; extra == "benchmark"
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+ Requires-Dist: numpy>=1.24.0; extra == "benchmark"
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+ Requires-Dist: sentence-transformers>=3.0.0; extra == "benchmark"
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+ Requires-Dist: datasets>=3.0.0; extra == "benchmark"
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+ Provides-Extra: dev
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+ Requires-Dist: pytest>=8.0; extra == "dev"
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+ Requires-Dist: build>=1.2; extra == "dev"
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+ Requires-Dist: nbformat>=5.9; extra == "dev"
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+ Dynamic: license-file
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+
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+ # ARBITER: Attentive Relational Bidirectional Impartial Typed Encoder for Reasoning
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+
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+ [![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Apache_2.0-blue.svg)](LICENSE)
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+ [![Weights License](https://img.shields.io/badge/Weights_License-Gemma_Terms_of_Use-green.svg)](https://ai.google.dev/gemma/terms)
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+ [![Model Size](https://img.shields.io/badge/Model_Size-272M_Parameters-orange.svg)](#)
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+ [![Format](https://img.shields.io/badge/Format-Safetensors_BF16_(544_MB)-purple.svg)](#)
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+
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+ **ARBITER** is a compact encoder by **Spectral AI Lab** (*Where intelligence emerges*), designed for **decision-making, routing, and relational structured reasoning** in autonomous AI agents and enterprise production systems.
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+
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+ Built upon the **ARBITER** relational architecture (Inter-Candidate Set-Attention & Dynamic HyperFiLM Modulation), ARBITER jointly encodes context, instructions, and candidate options, allowing competing choices to attend to one another rather than being evaluated in isolation.
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Key Features
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+
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+ * **Set-Attention Over Candidates**: Candidates attend to each other via a multi-head self-attention mechanism before decision projection, enabling relational ranking and order robustness.
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+ * **Dynamic Context & Task HyperFiLM**: Affine modulation conditioned on context embeddings and task type embeddings (`choice`, `noul`, `score`).
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+ * **Multi-Format Native Inference**:
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+ * **`choice`**: Polytomous classification and categorical routing.
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+ * **`noul`**: Strict boolean factuality and claim verification.
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+ * **`score`**: Ordinal regression grading and severity scoring.
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+ * **Order & Permutation Robustness**: 82.8% decision consistency across candidate permutations, reducing position-0 bias to 22.6% (compared to 56.6% in standard pointwise classifiers).
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+ * **High Efficiency & Compactness**: Native **BF16 export of 544 MB** (`model.safetensors`), peak allocated VRAM of **759 MiB** (1,562 MiB reserved), median GPU latency of **15.36 ms** (RTX 5090).
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+ * **Autonomous Loading**: Self-contained weights and tokenizer; no external Hugging Face downloads required at runtime.
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Installation
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+
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+ From PyPI:
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ pip install spectral-arbiter
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+ ```
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+
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+ Or from source for development:
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ git clone https://github.com/spectral-ai-lab/arbiter.git
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+ cd arbiter
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+ python3.11 -m venv .venv
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+ source .venv/bin/activate
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+ python -m pip install --upgrade pip
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+ python -m pip install -e .
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+ ```
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+
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+ Requires Python >=3.11, PyTorch >=2.0, Transformers >=5.19 and safetensors >=0.4.
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+ The tested environment is recorded in [development instructions](CONTRIBUTING.md).
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+ Install a CUDA-enabled PyTorch build to use a GPU; the first example also runs on CPU.
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+
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+ ### Obtain the weights
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+
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+ Git contains the code, configuration and tokenizer, **not the model weights**.
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+ Place the complete release package in `checkpoints/arbiter-272m/` before running
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+ local examples. It must contain `model.safetensors`, `config.json`, `tokenizer.json`
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+ and `tokenizer_config.json` from the same release.
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+
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+ Once you have access to the HF release, download it using its exact commit:
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+
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+ ```bash
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+ hf download spectral-ai-lab/arbiter-272m --revision <release-commit> --local-dir checkpoints/arbiter-272m
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+ ```
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+
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+ Replace `<release-commit>` with the published release SHA. This repository does not
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+ yet record an accessible public release revision; a private repository requires
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+ `hf auth login` and access. A 404 can mean unavailable or unauthorized weights.
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+ After downloading the complete package, local inference requires no network access.
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+ The library wheel contains inference only; fine-tuning and benchmark commands below
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+ run from this Git checkout.
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Quickstart
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+
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+ ### 1. High-Level Decision (`model.decide`)
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from arbiter import ArbiterModel
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+
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+ # Load the official 272M model in native BF16 from the local checkpoint
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+ model = ArbiterModel.from_pretrained("checkpoints/arbiter-272m", device="cpu", local_files_only=True)
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+
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+ # Route a customer support ticket to the appropriate service
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+ result = model.decide(
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+ context="My package was marked as delivered yesterday, but I never received it. The courier is unresponsive.",
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+ instruction="Which customer support team must handle this claim?",
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+ criteria={
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+ "delivery": "Lost parcel investigation and courier disputes",
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+ "billing": "Payment errors, refunds, and invoice questions",
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+ "technical": "Mobile application login or website bugs"
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+ },
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+ question_type="choice"
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+ )
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+
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+ print("Selected Department :", result["selected_key"])
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+ print("Confidence :", f"{result['confidence']:.2%}")
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+ print("Class Probabilities :", result["probabilities"])
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+ ```
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+
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+ ### 2. Multi-Question Dictionary Interface (`model.predict`)
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+
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+ ARBITER natively integrates into agent loops and multi-step evaluation pipelines:
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+
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+ ```python
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+ results = model.predict(
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+ state="Customer has been waiting 14 days for a replacement item under warranty.",
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+ questions={
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+ "intent": {
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+ "instructions": "Identify the primary customer intent",
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+ "type": "choice",
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+ "criteria": {
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+ "warranty_claim": "Warranty replacement request",
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+ "general_inquiry": "General question"
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+ }
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+ },
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+ "dissatisfied": {
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+ "instructions": "Is the customer dissatisfied with the resolution time?",
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+ "type": "noul"
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+ },
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+ "urgency": {
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+ "instructions": "Rate urgency level on our incident scale",
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+ "type": "score",
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+ "criteria": ["P4 Low", "P3 Medium", "P2 High", "P1 Critical Outage"]
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+ }
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+ }
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+ )
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+
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+ print(results["answers"])
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+ ```
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+
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+ ---
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+
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+ ## Workflows
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+
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+ - [Native batch inference](docs/batching.md): `decide_batch()` and `predict_batch()`.
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+ - [Fine-tuning commands](finetuning/README.md): build data, validate, train, resume and evaluate.
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+ - [Guided notebook](notebooks/finetuning_arbiter.ipynb): the same workflow, cell by cell.
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+ - [Benchmark reproduction](benchmark/README.md): ARBITER and baseline comparisons.
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+ - [Development and tests](CONTRIBUTING.md).
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+
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+ ## Repository Structure
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+
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+ ```text
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+ arbiter/ # Installable inference library
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+ finetuning/ # Dataset builder, trainer, verifier and guided notebook
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+ benchmark/ # Frozen requests, metrics and comparator adapters
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+ hf_pipeline/ # Untrained EmbeddingGemma baseline, not the ARBITER loader
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+ checkpoints/ # Local downloaded model packages (Git-ignored)
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+ tests/ # Unit and real-weight integration tests
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+ docs/ # Batching, data recipe and validation reports
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+ examples/ # Runnable inference measurements
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+ ```
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+
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+ ## Benchmark Results
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+
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+ ARBITER achieves the highest micro accuracy on both evaluated protocol aggregates,
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+ with particularly strong intent routing and probability quality. Tables use a fixed
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+ set of model variants throughout; **bold marks the best reported result in each row**
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+ (including ties). Accuracy is in percent; ↓ means lower is better. These are local
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+ protocol comparisons, not a claim of leadership on every task.
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+
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+ ### Intent Routing & Classification
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+
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+ | Benchmark / metric | ARBITER | Laya | Laya Multilingual | Laya Typed | GLiNER Decide | GLiNER Multi | EmbeddingGemma |
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+ | :--- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
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+ | MASSIVE Intent · 14 languages | **91.33%** | 33.95% | 46.69% | 34.43% | 42.29% | 49.52% | 73.79% |
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+ | MASSIVE Scenario · 14 languages | **89.40%** | 30.10% | 44.74% | 28.43% | 36.98% | 45.26% | 58.07% |
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+ | Banking77 · 77 intents | **87.34%** | 37.44% | 35.94% | 37.31% | 65.29% | 58.90% | 85.55% |
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+ | TREC · question classification | **94.60%** | 88.20% | 90.40% | 85.40% | 32.60% | 36.20% | 47.40% |
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+ | SST-2 · sentiment | 86.93% | **90.02%** | 84.98% | 89.79% | 87.96% | 78.78% | 83.26% |
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+
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+ ### Typed Decisions & Natural Language Inference
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+
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+ | Benchmark / metric | ARBITER | Laya | Laya Multilingual | Laya Typed | GLiNER Decide | GLiNER Multi | EmbeddingGemma |
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+ | :--- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
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+ | Typed Decisions | 65.50% | 36.20% | 35.25% | **76.75%** | 50.35% | 45.95% | 40.85% |
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+ | XNLI · 15 languages | 68.87% | 54.38% | **73.82%** | 55.64% | 38.24% | 38.38% | 33.56% |
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+ | Fast Decisions Single · micro | 43.35% | 52.96% | 46.77% | 54.92% | **64.42%** | 59.38% | 41.73% |
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+ | Fast Decisions Single · macro | 43.97% | 53.80% | 46.66% | 55.66% | **66.30%** | 60.63% | 42.60% |
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+ | Fast Decisions Multi · exact match | **4.67% (14/300)** | 2.33% (7/300) | 1.00% (3/300) | 3.67% (11/300) | 1.33% (4/300) | 4.00% (12/300) | 0.33% (1/300) |
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+ | Fast Decisions Multi · micro F1 | 51.37% | 51.72% | 45.50% | **56.41%** | 51.74% | 48.41% | 31.22% |
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+
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+ ### Overall Protocol Results
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+
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+ | Benchmark / metric | ARBITER | Laya | Laya Multilingual | Laya Typed | GLiNER Decide | GLiNER Multi | EmbeddingGemma |
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+ | :--- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
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+ | Historical · micro accuracy | **74.47%** | 48.30% | 56.86% | 52.66% | 46.58% | 47.84% | 51.25% |
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+ | Historical · suite macro accuracy | **77.03%** | 47.18% | 57.89% | 48.33% | 44.61% | 47.33% | 52.45% |
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+ | Public · micro accuracy | **69.68%** | 53.92% | 51.18% | 52.25% | 62.86% | 57.85% | 59.87% |
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+
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+ Historical: 21,915 decisions across 60 suites. Public: 9,252 decisions across 23 suites.
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+ Micro averages weight decisions equally; suite macro averages weight suites equally.
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+ Language variants count as separate suites. These aggregates reflect this task mixture.
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+ Column names are abbreviated: GLiNER refers to GLiNER2.5, Laya to ConvAI base,
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+ and EmbeddingGemma to the EmbeddingGemma-2 baseline pipeline.
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+
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+ ### Probability Quality
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+
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+ Measured on the same 21,915 historical decisions. GLiNER's reconstructed adapter
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+ probabilities are reported separately below and do not enter this comparison.
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+
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+ | Benchmark / metric | ARBITER | Laya | Laya Multilingual | Laya Typed | GLiNER Decide | GLiNER Multi | EmbeddingGemma |
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+ | :--- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
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+ | Brier score ↓ | **0.3395** | 0.7974 | 0.6788 | 0.6527 | — | — | 0.7106 |
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+ | NLL ↓ | **0.6761** | 4.3655 | 2.3747 | 1.8325 | — | — | 1.5450 |
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+ | Suite-weighted ECE · 15 bins ↓ | **0.0674** | 0.3214 | 0.2769 | 0.2166 | — | — | 0.2947 |
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+
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+ Brier is the mean squared error of probability vectors against one-hot targets;
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+ NLL is mean negative log probability of the target. ECE is computed per suite with
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+ 15 bins, then weighted by suite size (it differs from pooled ECE). ARBITER has
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+ **48% lower Brier and 63% lower NLL than Laya Typed** in this protocol.
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+ ARBITER and Laya use their native decision probabilities; EmbeddingGemma uses
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+ cosine-similarity softmax. Application thresholds require separate validation.
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+
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+ <details>
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+ <summary>GLiNER adapter probability metrics</summary>
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+
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+ | Metric | GLiNER Decide | GLiNER Multi |
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+ | :--- | ---: | ---: |
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+ | Brier ↓ | 0.6611 | 0.6664 |
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+ | NLL ↓ | 1.5762 | 1.5555 |
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+ | Suite-weighted ECE ↓ | 0.1098 | 0.1379 |
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+
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+ These distributions are reconstructed by the benchmark adapter, not native
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+ full-candidate GLiNER distributions. A dash above means excluded from the comparable
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+ probability table, not that the model cannot produce confidence scores.
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+
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+ </details>
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+
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+ ### Inference Efficiency
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+
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+ **Accuracy–memory trade-off:** ARBITER combines **74.47% historical micro accuracy**
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+ with **759 MiB peak allocated GPU memory**, the lowest measured footprint among
262
+ these pipeline configurations. Its **15.36 ms median latency is 28% lower than the
263
+ EmbeddingGemma baseline** (21.36 ms). Compared with Laya Multilingual, it delivers
264
+ **+17.61 accuracy points with 53% less allocated GPU memory**, at higher median
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+ latency (15.36 vs 9.44 ms). These comparisons apply to the evaluated task mixture
266
+ and loading formats below.
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+
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+ | Benchmark / metric | ARBITER | Laya | Laya Multilingual | Laya Typed | GLiNER Decide | GLiNER Multi | EmbeddingGemma |
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+ | :--- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
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+ | Median latency · ms ↓ | 15.36 ms | 12.07 ms | 9.44 ms | 11.91 ms | 15.32 ms | **7.97 ms** | 21.36 ms |
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+ | Peak allocated VRAM · MiB ↓ | **759.0 MiB** | 2,415.8 MiB | 1,600.4 MiB | 2,438.6 MiB | 3,237.4 MiB | 3,823.4 MiB | 862.6 MiB |
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+
273
+ Historical protocol, NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5090, single-request inference. ARBITER
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+ and EmbeddingGemma use BF16; Laya variants use FP32; GLiNER uses its default loading
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+ configuration. These are measured pipeline configurations, not equal-dtype kernel
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+ comparisons. Latency includes each adapter's execution path. These measurements
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+ predate the native batch API and do not measure batched throughput.
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+
279
+ ### Protocol Notes
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+
281
+ - **MASSIVE Intent:** 20 candidates (correct intent plus 19 distractors), 4,200 test
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+ decisions across 14 languages; this is not full 60-intent classification.
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+ Scenario uses 18 candidates and 4,200 decisions across the same languages.
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+ - **Banking77:** 3,080 test examples with all 77 intents. **TREC:** 500 test examples,
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+ six coarse classes. **SST-2:** 872 validation examples.
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+ - **XNLI:** 4,500 decisions across 15 languages. **Typed Decisions:** 2,000 decisions.
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+ **Fast Single:** 2,600 decisions. **Fast Multi:** 300 multi-question cases;
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+ exact match requires every decision in a case to be correct, whereas micro F1
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+ measures the pooled binary decisions. Public micro accuracy counts those binary
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+ decisions individually, not the 300 exact-match outcomes.
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+ - **Supervision:** Banking77, TREC, SST-2 and MASSIVE training splits were included
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+ in ARBITER's adaptation mixture. These results demonstrate supervised capability,
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+ not zero-shot evaluation on unseen task families.
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+ - **Adapters:** comparisons use the repository's model-specific adapters. GLiNER's
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+ adapter classifies the state against labels without the separate instruction;
296
+ results characterize these evaluated pipelines. Failed cases remain in denominators.
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+ - **Statistics:** bold denotes the highest observed score, not statistical significance.
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+ Exploratory paired McNemar tests: TREC vs Laya Multilingual p=0.0019;
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+ Banking77 vs EmbeddingGemma p=0.0068. These assume independent examples and are
300
+ unadjusted for multiple comparisons.
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+
302
+ <details>
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+ <summary>Additional reasoning and long-context evaluations</summary>
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+
305
+ These auxiliary evaluations have a narrower comparator set than the main tables.
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+ Tasksource Long is an existing project validation set, not a certified unseen-domain test.
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+
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+ | Evaluation Benchmark | Domain | Items | ARBITER-272M | Baseline Comparison | Note |
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+ | :--- | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :--- |
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+ | **Tasksource Long** | Long context (up to 4,096 tokens) | 2,373 | **58.45%** | Laya-Typed 32.91% | Observed advantage on long-context criteria matching (+25.5 pts). |
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+ | **ARC-Easy** | Elementary science reasoning | 2,376 | **48.48%** | Laya-Typed 48.48% | Tied with Laya-Typed (48.48%), outperforms Laya-Base (47.26%). |
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+ | **ARC-Challenge** | Hard science reasoning | 1,172 | **33.79%** | Laya-Typed 31.57% | McNemar test p = 0.2180 (observed gain; not statistically significant). |
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+ | **HellaSwag** | Common-sense inference | 1,000 | **41.80%** | Laya-Base 35.90% | Outperforms Laya-Base (+5.9 pts) and GLiNER (29.80%, +12.0 pts). |
314
+
315
+ </details>
316
+
317
+ ---
318
+
319
+ ## Reproducing Empirical Benchmarks
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+
321
+ The frozen evaluation harness and evaluation request suites are packaged within [`benchmark/`](benchmark/):
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+
323
+ ```bash
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+ # Install benchmark dependencies
325
+ pip install -e .[benchmark]
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+
327
+ # Run the 23 public requested suites (9,252 decisions: SST-2, TREC, Banking77, Fast Decisions)
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+ python benchmark/run.py --model arbiter-272m \
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+ --data benchmark/data/public_requested_v1/cases.jsonl \
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+ --device cuda:0 --output results/public_benchmark
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+
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+ # Run the 60 historical suites (21,915 decisions: MASSIVE, Typed Decisions, etc.)
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+ python benchmark/run.py --model arbiter-272m \
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+ --data benchmark/data/cases.jsonl \
335
+ --device cuda:0 --output results/historical_benchmark
336
+ ```
337
+
338
+ ---
339
+
340
+ ## Testing & Numerical Parity
341
+
342
+ ```bash
343
+ python -m pip install -e '.[dev,finetuning,benchmark]'
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+ # No weights or GPU required:
345
+ CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES='' python -m pytest tests benchmark/tests -m 'not integration' -q
346
+ # After obtaining the complete release package:
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+ CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES='' python -m pytest tests benchmark/tests -q
348
+ ```
349
+
350
+ The optional `tests/test_arbiter_parity.py` script compares an internal reference
351
+ checkpoint with the export. It additionally requires the original training repository
352
+ and reference weights; it is not the public installation check. See
353
+ [development instructions](CONTRIBUTING.md) for release validation.
354
+
355
+ ---
356
+
357
+ ## Licensing & Provenance
358
+
359
+ * **Source Code (`arbiter/`)**: Released under the **Apache-2.0 License**. See [LICENSE](LICENSE) for details.
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+ * **Model Weights (`checkpoints/arbiter-272m/model.safetensors`)**: Derived from `google/embeddinggemma-2` and fine-tuned on relational decision data. Weights are subject to the **Gemma Terms of Use**.
361
+
362
+ ---
363
+
364
+ ## Authors & Contributors
365
+
366
+ * **Ichrak Mokhtari** (Equal contribution)
367
+ * **Seif Attoui** (Equal contribution)
368
+
369
+ ---
370
+
371
+ ## Citation
372
+
373
+ ```bibtex
374
+ @misc{arbiter2026,
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+ title={ARBITER: Attentive Relational Bidirectional Impartial Typed Encoder for Reasoning},
376
+ author={Mokhtari, Ichrak and Attoui, Seif},
377
+ year={2026},
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+ note={Equal contribution},
379
+ howpublished={\url{https://huggingface.co/spectral-ai-lab/arbiter-272m}},
380
+ }
381
+ ```
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+
383
+ ### Native batching
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+
385
+ `decide_batch()` and `predict_batch()` support length-based batching with token and attention budgets. `predict()` batches its questions automatically. See [batching, examples and deployment limits](docs/batching.md).
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+
387
+ ## Targeted fine-tuning
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+
389
+ Start with the [command-line fine-tuning guide](finetuning/README.md) or the [guided notebook](notebooks/finetuning_arbiter.ipynb). Both support building an 80k training / 8k validation mixture from pinned public sources, data checks, training, TensorBoard and resume. Data is generated locally rather than bundled in Git. See the [dataset recipe](docs/build_80k.md) for scope and limitations; no benchmark improvement is claimed before evaluation.
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+
391
+ ### Adapt on your own data in 5 lines
392
+
393
+ You can easily adapt ARBITER to your custom enterprise data (support tickets, intent routing, policy triage) by converting any CSV or DataFrame into the ARBITER JSONL format:
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+
395
+ ```python
396
+ import pandas as pd, json
397
+
398
+ # 1. Your tabular data
399
+ df = pd.DataFrame([
400
+ {"context": "Cannot reset my 2FA password.", "label": "auth"},
401
+ {"context": "Charged twice for subscription.", "label": "billing"}
402
+ ])
403
+ criteria = {"auth": "Login and 2FA issues", "billing": "Invoice and charge errors"}
404
+
405
+ # 2. Format into ARBITER decision contract
406
+ rows = [{
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+ "id": f"row_{i}", "group_id": f"grp_{i}", "family": "custom/support",
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+ "source": "internal", "source_revision": "v1", "source_split": "train",
409
+ "license": "proprietary", "context": r["context"],
410
+ "instruction": "Classify the ticket category",
411
+ "question_type": "choice", "criteria": criteria,
412
+ "target": {c: 1.0 if c == r["label"] else 0.0 for c in criteria}
413
+ } for i, r in df.iterrows()]
414
+
415
+ # 3. Save to JSONL
416
+ with open("train.jsonl", "w") as f:
417
+ for row in rows: f.write(json.dumps(row) + "\n")
418
+ ```
419
+
420
+ Then train with:
421
+
422
+ ```bash
423
+ python -m finetuning.train \
424
+ --model checkpoints/arbiter-272m \
425
+ --train train.jsonl --validation val.jsonl \
426
+ --heldout benchmark/data/cases.jsonl \
427
+ --output results/my-custom-model \
428
+ --epochs 3 --batch-size 4 --accumulation 8
429
+ ```
430
+
431
+ ## ARBITER Typed specialist
432
+
433
+ The Typed specialist reaches 76.45% on Typed Decisions versus 65.50% for the base. See the [reproduction instructions](finetuning/TYPED_SPECIALIST.md) and [specialist model card](docs/model_card_typed.md).