siat 3.10.130__py3-none-any.whl → 3.10.132__py3-none-any.whl

build/lib/siat/financials.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2339 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""
+本模块功能：计算财务报表比例，应用层
+所属工具包：证券投资分析工具SIAT 
+SIAT：Security Investment Analysis Tool
+创建日期：2020年9月8日
+最新修订日期：2020年9月15日
+作者：王德宏 (WANG Dehong, Peter)
+作者单位：北京外国语大学国际商学院
+作者邮件：wdehong2000@163.com
+版权所有：王德宏
+用途限制：仅限研究与教学使用，不可商用！商用需要额外授权。
+特别声明：作者不对使用本工具进行证券投资导致的任何损益负责！
+"""
+#==============================================================================
+#关闭所有警告
+import warnings; warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
+#==============================================================================
+#本模块的公共引用
+from siat.common import *
+from siat.translate import *
+from siat.financial_statements import *
+from siat.grafix import *
+#==============================================================================
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+#plt.rcParams['figure.figsize']=(12.8,7.2)
+plt.rcParams['figure.figsize']=(12.8,6.4)
+plt.rcParams['figure.dpi']=300
+plt.rcParams['font.size'] = 13
+plt.rcParams['xtick.labelsize']=11 #横轴字体大小
+plt.rcParams['ytick.labelsize']=11 #纵轴字体大小
+
+title_txt_size=16
+ylabel_txt_size=14
+xlabel_txt_size=14
+legend_txt_size=14
+
+#设置绘图风格：网格虚线
+plt.rcParams['axes.grid']=True
+#plt.rcParams['grid.color']='steelblue'
+#plt.rcParams['grid.linestyle']='dashed'
+#plt.rcParams['grid.linewidth']=0.5
+#plt.rcParams['axes.facecolor']='whitesmoke'
+
+#处理绘图汉字乱码问题
+import sys; czxt=sys.platform
+if czxt in ['win32','win64']:
+    plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 设置默认字体
+    mpfrc={'font.family': 'SimHei'}
+
+if czxt in ['darwin']: #MacOSX
+    plt.rcParams['font.family']= ['Heiti TC']
+    mpfrc={'font.family': 'Heiti TC'}
+
+if czxt in ['linux']: #website Jupyter
+    plt.rcParams['font.family']= ['Heiti TC']
+    mpfrc={'font.family':'Heiti TC'}
+
+# 解决保存图像时'-'显示为方块的问题
+plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False 
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    ticker=['AAPL','MSFT']
+    indicator=['Current Ratio','Quick Ratio']
+    
+    ticker=['BABA','JD']
+    indicator='Cashflow per Share'
+    
+    datatag=False
+    power=0
+    zeroline=False
+    twinx=False
+    loc1=loc2='best'
+
+def compare_history(ticker,indicator, \
+                    datatag=False,power=0,zeroline=False,twinx=False, \
+                    loc1='best',loc2='best',graph=True):
+    """
+    功能：比较多个股票的时序数据，绘制折线图
+    datatag=False: 不将数值标记在图形旁
+    zeroline=False：不绘制水平零线
+    twinx=False：单纵轴
+    """
+    tickers=ticker
+    items=indicator
+    
+    #检查power的范围是否合理
+    if not (power in range(0,80)):
+        print("  #Error(compare_history): invalid parameter, power =",power)
+        return None
+    
+    #检查股票个数
+    ticker_num=1
+    if isinstance(tickers,list): 
+        if len(tickers) >= 1: ticker1=tickers[0]
+        if len(tickers) >= 2: 
+            ticker2=tickers[1]
+            ticker_num=2
+        if len(tickers) == 0: 
+            print("  #Error(compare_history): no stock code found",tickers)
+            return None,None
+    else:
+        ticker1=tickers
+
+    #检查指标个数
+    item_num=1
+    if isinstance(items,list): 
+        if len(items) >= 1: item1=items[0]
+        if len(items) >= 2: 
+            item2=items[1]
+            item_num=2
+        if len(items) == 0: 
+            print("  #Error(compare_history): no analytical item found",items)
+            return None,None
+    else:
+        item1=items
+    
+    #判断比较模式
+    if (ticker_num == 1) and (item_num == 1): mode='T1I1'
+    if (ticker_num == 1) and (item_num == 2): mode='T1I2'
+    if (ticker_num == 2): mode='T2I1'
+    
+    #检查指标是否支持
+    itemlist=[
+        #短期偿债能力
+        'Current Ratio','Quick Ratio','Cash Ratio','Cash Flow Ratio', \
+        #长期偿债能力
+        'Debt to Asset','Equity to Asset','Equity Multiplier','Debt to Equity', \
+        #'Debt to Tangible Net Asset', \
+        'Debt Service Coverage','Times Interest Earned', \
+        #营运能力
+        'Inventory Turnover','Receivable Turnover','Current Asset Turnover', \
+        'Fixed Asset Turnover','Total Asset Turnover', \
+        #盈利能力
+        'Operating Margin','Gross Margin','Profit Margin', \
+        'Net Profit on Costs','ROA','ROIC','ROE', \
+        #股东持股
+        'Payout Ratio','Cashflow per Share','CFPS','Dividend per Share','DPS', \
+        'Net Asset per Share','BasicEPS','DilutedEPS', \
+        #发展潜力
+        'Revenue Growth','Capital Accumulation','Total Asset Growth','PPE Residual' \
+        ]
+    
+    if item1 not in itemlist:
+        print("  #Error(compare_history): unsupported item for",item1)
+        print("  Supported items are as follows:\n",itemlist)
+        return None,None    
+    if mode=='T1I2':
+        if item2 not in itemlist:
+            print("  #Error(compare_history): unsupported item for",item2)
+            print("  Supported items are as follows:\n",itemlist)
+            return None,None    
+    
+    #抓取数据
+    info1=get_financial_rates(ticker1)
+    if info1 is None:
+        print(f"  #Warning(compare_history): unable to get data for {ticker1}, retrying ...")
+        sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+        info1=get_financial_rates(ticker1)
+        if info1 is None:
+            print("  #Error(compare_history): failed to retrieved financials for",ticker1)
+            return None,None
+    
+    cols1=['ticker','endDate','periodType',item1]
+    df1=info1[cols1]
+    df1['date']=df1['endDate']
+    df1.set_index('date',inplace=True)    
+    
+    if mode == 'T1I2':
+        ticker2=ticker1
+        cols2=['ticker','endDate','periodType',item2]
+        df2=info1[cols2]
+        df2['date']=df2['endDate']
+        df2.set_index('date',inplace=True)           
+    
+    if mode == 'T2I1':
+        item2=item1
+        info2=get_financial_rates(ticker2)
+        if info2 is None:
+            print(f"  #Warning(compare_history): unable to get data for {ticker2}, retrying ...")
+            sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+            info2=get_financial_rates(ticker2)
+            if info2 is None:
+                print("  #Error(compare_history): failed to retrieved financials for",ticker2)
+                return None,None        
+        
+        df2=info2[cols1]
+        df2['date']=df2['endDate']
+        df2.set_index('date',inplace=True)           
+
+    import datetime; todaydt=datetime.date.today()
+    #绘图：T1I1，单折线
+    if mode == 'T1I1'and graph:
+        df=df1
+        colname=item1
+        collabel=ectranslate(item1)
+        ylabeltxt=''
+        #titletxt=ticker_name(ticker1)+texttranslate(": 基于年(季)报的业绩历史")
+        titletxt=ticker_name(ticker1)+": 财报业绩历史"
+        #footnote=texttranslate("数据来源: 雅虎财经,")+' '+str(today)
+        footnote="数据来源: 雅虎财经,"+' '+str(todaydt)
+        
+        plot_line(df,colname,collabel,ylabeltxt,titletxt,footnote, \
+                  datatag=datatag,power=power,zeroline=zeroline,resample_freq='3M', \
+                      loc=loc1)
+        return df1,None
+    elif mode == 'T1I1'and not graph: 
+        return df1,None
+    else:
+        pass
+
+    if not graph:
+        return df1,df2
+        
+    #绘图：T1I2，单股票双折线
+    if mode == 'T1I2':
+        colname1=item1
+        label1=ectranslate(item1)
+        colname2=item2
+        label2=ectranslate(item2)
+        ylabeltxt=''
+        #titletxt=ticker_name(ticker1)+texttranslate(": 基于年(季)报的业绩历史对比")
+        titletxt=ticker_name(ticker1)+": 财报业绩历史对比"
+        #footnote=texttranslate("数据来源: 雅虎财经,")+' '+str(today)
+        footnote="数据来源: 雅虎财经,"+' '+str(today)
+        
+        plot_line2(df1,ticker1,colname1,label1, \
+               df2,ticker2,colname2,label2, \
+               ylabeltxt,titletxt,footnote, \
+               power=power,zeroline=zeroline,twinx=twinx,resample_freq='3M', \
+                   loc1=loc1,loc2=loc2)
+        return df1,df2
+
+    #绘图：T2I1，双股票双折线
+    if mode == 'T2I1':
+        df1=df1.fillna(method='ffill').fillna(method='bfill')
+        df2=df2.fillna(method='ffill').fillna(method='bfill')
+        """
+        #日期可能不一致，并表
+        import pandas as pd
+        df=pd.merge(df1,df2,how="outer",on="endDate")
+        #df=df.fillna(method='ffill').fillna(method='bfill')
+        df.dropna(inplace=True)
+        dfx=df[['ticker_x','endDate','periodType_x',item1+'_x']]
+        dfx=dfx.rename(columns={'ticker_x':'ticker','periodType_x':'periodType',item1+'_x':item1})
+        dfx['date']=dfx['endDate']
+        dfx.set_index('date',inplace=True)
+        
+        dfy=df[['ticker_y','endDate','periodType_y',item1+'_y']]
+        dfy=dfy.rename(columns={'ticker_y':'ticker','periodType_y':'periodType',item1+'_y':item1})
+        dfy['date']=dfy['endDate']
+        dfy.set_index('date',inplace=True)
+        """
+        
+        colname1=item1
+        label1=ectranslate(item1)
+        colname2=item2
+        label2=ectranslate(item2)
+        ylabeltxt=''
+        #titletxt=ticker_name(ticker1)+" vs "+ticker_name(ticker2)+texttranslate(": 基于年(季)报的业绩历史对比")
+        titletxt=ticker_name(ticker1)+" vs "+ticker_name(ticker2)+": 财报业绩历史对比"
+        #footnote=texttranslate("数据来源: 雅虎财经,")+' '+str(today)
+        footnote="数据来源: 雅虎财经,"+' '+str(todaydt)
+        
+        #克服双线绘制时第2条线错乱问题：两个df日期强制取齐，能解决问题，但原因不明
+        tname1=ticker_name(ticker1)
+        df1.rename(columns={item1:tname1},inplace=True)
+        tname2=ticker_name(ticker2)
+        df2.rename(columns={item2:ticker_name(ticker2)},inplace=True)
+        df12=pd.merge(df1,df2,how='inner',left_index=True,right_index=True)
+        df1t=df12[[tname1]]
+        df2t=df12[[tname2]]
+        
+        plot_line2(df1t,ticker1,tname1,label1, \
+               df2t,ticker2,tname2,label2, \
+               ylabeltxt,titletxt,footnote, \
+               power=power,zeroline=zeroline,twinx=twinx,resample_freq='3M', \
+                   loc1=loc1,loc2=loc2)    
+    
+        return df1,df2    
+    
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    df1,df2=compare_history(tickers,items)
+    
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    ticker=['AAPL','MSFT','WMT']
+    itemk='Current Ratio'
+    itemk='Employees'
+    indicator=itemk='PEG'
+    
+    multicolor=False
+    
+    tickers=['AMZN','EBAY']
+    itemk='IGR'
+    
+    datatag=True
+    tag_offset=0.01
+    graph=True
+    axisamp=1.3
+    
+
+def compare_snapshot(ticker,indicator, \
+                     facecolor='lightblue',
+                     datatag=True,tag_offset=0.01, \
+                     graph=True,axisamp=1.2,px=True, \
+                     printout=True,numberPerLine=10):
+    """
+    功能：比较多个股票的快照数据，绘制水平柱状图
+    itemk需要通过对照表转换为内部的item
+    datatag=True: 将数值标记在图形旁
+    tag_offset=0.01：标记的数值距离图形的距离，若不理想可以手动调节，可为最大值1%-5%
+    graph：是否将结果绘图，默认True
+    axisamp：绘图时横轴放大系数，默认1.2。若标记数值超出右边界则增加数值，也可能需要负数数值
+    px：是否使用plotly-express工具绘图，默认True。
+        其优点是无需调整axisamp，缺点是无法保存绘图结果在Jupyter Notebook中。
+    printout：是否显示哪些股票找到或未找到相关数据，默认True
+    numberPerLine：在显示相关数据时，每行显示的股票代码或名称个数，默认10
+    """
+    tickers=ticker; itemk=indicator
+    
+    #检查股票代码列表
+    if not isinstance(tickers,list): 
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): need more stock codes in",tickers)
+        return None
+    if len(tickers) < 2:
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): need more stock codes in",tickers)
+        return None
+    
+    #检查指标
+    if isinstance(itemk,list): 
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): only 1 item allowed here",itemk)
+        return None    
+    
+    itemdict={
+        #员工与ESG
+        'Employees':'fullTimeEmployees', \
+        'Total ESG':'totalEsg','Environment Score':'environmentScore', \
+        'Social Score':'socialScore','Governance Score':'governanceScore', \
+        #偿债能力
+        'Current Ratio':'currentRatio','Quick Ratio':'quickRatio', \
+        'Debt to Equity':'debtToEquity', \
+        #盈利能力
+        'EBITDA Margin':'ebitdaMargins','Operating Margin':'operatingMargins', \
+        'Gross Margin':'grossMargins','Profit Margin':'profitMargins', \
+        'ROA':'returnOnAssets','ROE':'returnOnEquity', \
+        #股东持股
+        'Held Percent Insiders':'heldPercentInsiders', \
+        'Held Percent Institutions':'heldPercentInstitutions', \
+        #股东回报
+        'Payout Ratio':'payoutRatio','Revenue per Share':'revenuePerShare', \
+        'Cashflow per Share':'totalCashPerShare', \
+        'Dividend Rate':'dividendRate','TTM Dividend Rate':'trailingAnnualDividendRate', \
+        'Dividend Yield':'dividendYield', \
+        'TTM Dividend Yield':'trailingAnnualDividendYield', \
+        '5-Year Avg Dividend Yield':'fiveYearAvgDividendYield', \
+        'Trailing EPS':'trailingEps','Forward EPS':'forwardEps', \
+        #发展潜力
+        'Revenue Growth':'revenueGrowth','Earnings Growth':'earningsGrowth', \
+        'Earnings Quarterly Growth':'earningsQuarterlyGrowth', \
+        'EV to Revenue':'enterpriseToRevenue','EV to EBITDA':'enterpriseToEbitda', \
+        #市场看法
+        'Current Price':'currentPrice','Price to Book':'priceToBook', \
+        'TTM Price to Sales':'priceToSalesTrailing12Months', \
+        'beta':'beta','52-Week Change':'52WeekChange', \
+        'Trailing PE':'trailingPE','Forward PE':'forwardPE', \
+        #'PEG':'pegRatio',#经常取不到数据
+        #'IGR':'IGR','SGR':'SGR',#另起其他命令处理
+        }
+        
+    itemlist=list(itemdict.keys())
+    if itemk not in itemlist:
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): unsupported indicator",itemk)
+        #print("  Supported indicators:\n",itemlist)
+        print("  Supported indicators:")
+        #printInLine(itemlist,numberPerLine=5,leadingBlanks=2)
+        printInLine_md(itemlist,numberPerLine=5,colalign='left',font_size='16px')
+        
+        return None
+
+    item=itemdict[itemk]
+    import pandas as pd
+    df=pd.DataFrame(columns=('ticker','item','value','name'))
+    proxydict={'trailingPE':'forwardPE','forwardPE':'trailingPE', \
+               'trailingEps':'forwardEps','forwardEps':'trailingEps',}
+    
+    notfoundlist=[]
+    total0=len(tickers)
+    print("  Searching",itemk,"for designated companies ...")
+    for t in tickers:
+        
+        current=tickers.index(t)
+        total=total0 - len(notfoundlist)
+        print_progress_percent(current,total,steps=10,leading_blanks=2)
+        
+        try:
+            info=stock_info(t)
+        except:
+            notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+            #print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): stock info not available for",t)
+            continue
+        if (info is None) or (len(info)==0):
+            notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+            #print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): failed to get info for",t,"\b, try later!")
+            continue
+        try:
+            value=info[info.index == item]['Value'][0]
+        except:
+            try:
+                itemp=proxydict[item]
+                value=info[info.index == itemp]['Value'][0]
+                notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                #print("  #Warning(compare_snapshot):",item,"unavailable for",t,'\b, using proxy',itemp)
+            except:
+                notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                #print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): failed to get info of",item,"for",t)
+                continue
+            
+        name=ticker_name(t)
+        row=pd.Series({'ticker':t,'item':item,'value':value,'name':name})
+        try:
+            df=df.append(row,ignore_index=True)
+        except:
+            df=df._append(row,ignore_index=True)
+
+    # 尝试恢复失败的股票信息 1           
+    if len(notfoundlist) > 0:
+        print("\n  Recovering info of",itemk,"for",notfoundlist,"...")
+        total0=len(notfoundlist)
+        tickers2=notfoundlist.copy(); notfoundlist=[]
+        for t in tickers2:
+            
+            current=tickers2.index(t)
+            total=total0 - len(notfoundlist)
+            print_progress_percent(current,total,steps=10,leading_blanks=2)
+            
+            try:
+                info=stock_info(t)
+            except:
+                notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                continue
+            if (info is None) or (len(info)==0):
+                notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                continue
+            try:
+                value=info[info.index == item]['Value'][0]
+            except:
+                try:
+                    itemp=proxydict[item]
+                    value=info[info.index == itemp]['Value'][0]
+                    notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                except:
+                    notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                    continue
+                
+            name=ticker_name(t)
+            row=pd.Series({'ticker':t,'item':item,'value':value,'name':name})
+            try:
+                df=df.append(row,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                df=df._append(row,ignore_index=True)
+
+
+    # 尝试恢复失败的股票信息 2           
+    if len(notfoundlist) > 0:
+        print("\n  Recovering info of",itemk,"for",notfoundlist,"...")
+        total0=len(notfoundlist)
+        tickers3=notfoundlist.copy(); notfoundlist=[]
+        for t in tickers3:
+            
+            current=tickers3.index(t)
+            total=total0 - len(notfoundlist)
+            print_progress_percent(current,total,steps=10,leading_blanks=2)
+            
+            try:
+                info=stock_info(t)
+            except:
+                notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                continue
+            if (info is None) or (len(info)==0):
+                notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                continue
+            try:
+                value=info[info.index == item]['Value'][0]
+            except:
+                try:
+                    itemp=proxydict[item]
+                    value=info[info.index == itemp]['Value'][0]
+                    notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                except:
+                    notfoundlist=notfoundlist+[t]
+                    continue
+                
+            name=ticker_name(t)
+            row=pd.Series({'ticker':t,'item':item,'value':value,'name':name})
+            try:
+                df=df.append(row,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                df=df._append(row,ignore_index=True)
+            
+    # 未找到任何股票信息
+    if len(df) == 0:
+        print(f"\n  #Warning(compare_snapshot): no {indicator} found for specified stocks")
+        print("  Reasons: wrong codes, failed to access to or fetch info from Yahoo Finance")
+        print("  Feel weired? upgrade yahooquery, which may need certain versions of lxml")
+        return None
+    
+    #处理小数点
+    try:
+        df['value']=round(df['value'],3)    
+    except:
+        pass
+    df.sort_values(by='value',ascending=True,inplace=True)
+    df['key']=df['name']
+    df.set_index('key',inplace=True)    
+    
+    #绘图
+    if graph:
+        print("  Calculating and rendering graph, please wait ...")
+        colname='value'
+        
+        lang=check_language()
+        if lang == 'Chinese':
+            titletxt="企业对比: 指标快照"
+            notestxt="注：财务指标为TTM数值"
+        else:
+            titletxt="Company Snapshot Comparison"
+            notestxt="Note: TTM values for financial ratios"
+            
+        import datetime; today=datetime.date.today()
+        lang=check_language()
+        if lang=='English':
+            footnote1="Source: Yahoo Finance, "
+        else:
+            footnote1="数据来源: 雅虎财经，"
+        footnote=ectranslate(itemk)+" -->\n"+notestxt+'\n'+footnote1+str(today)
+        
+        df.rename(columns={'value':itemk},inplace=True)
+        colname=itemk
+        
+        if not px:
+            footnote=ectranslate(itemk)+" -->\n"+notestxt+'\n'+footnote1+str(today)
+            plot_barh(df,colname,titletxt,footnote,datatag=datatag,tag_offset=tag_offset,axisamp=axisamp)
+        else:
+            #在Spyder中可能无法显示
+            titletxt="企业快照："+ectranslate(itemk)
+            footnote=notestxt+'，'+footnote1+str(today)
+            plot_barh2(df,colname,titletxt,footnote,facecolor=facecolor)
+    
+    if (len(notfoundlist) > 0):
+        foundlist=[]
+        for t in tickers:
+            if not (t in notfoundlist):
+                foundlist=foundlist+[t]
+    else:
+        foundlist=tickers
+    
+    """
+    if len(foundlist) > 0:
+        foundlist_names=ticker_name(foundlist)
+        print("Results:",itemk,"info found for the stocks below")
+        printInLine(foundlist_names,numberPerLine=numberPerLine,leadingBlanks=2)
+        printInLine(foundlist,numberPerLine=numberPerLine,leadingBlanks=2)
+    """
+    if (len(notfoundlist) > 0):
+        print("  [Warning]",itemk,"info not found for the stocks below:")
+        notfoundlist_names=ticker_name(notfoundlist)
+        printInLine(notfoundlist_names,numberPerLine=numberPerLine,leadingBlanks=2)
+        print("  [Solution] re-run the command with more stable internet connection")
+    
+    return df
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    df=compare_snapshot(tickers,itemk)
+    
+#==============================================================================
+def compare_snapshot2(ticker,indicator,graph=True):
+    """
+    功能：比较多个股票的快照数据，绘制水平柱状图
+    itemk需要通过对照表转换为内部的item
+    
+    特点：与compare_snapshot相比如何？
+    """
+    tickers=ticker; itemk=indicator
+    
+    #检查股票代码列表
+    if not isinstance(tickers,list): 
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot2): need more stock codes in",tickers)
+        return None
+    if len(tickers) < 2:
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot2): need more stock codes in",tickers)
+        return None
+    
+    #检查指标
+    if isinstance(itemk,list): 
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot2): only 1 item allowed here",itemk)
+        return None    
+    
+    itemdict={
+        #员工与ESG
+        'Employees':'fullTimeEmployees', \
+        'Total ESG':'totalEsg','Environment Score':'environmentScore', \
+        'Social Score':'socialScore','Governance Score':'governanceScore', \
+        #偿债能力
+        'Current Ratio':'currentRatio','Quick Ratio':'quickRatio', \
+        'Debt to Equity':'debtToEquity', \
+        #盈利能力
+        'EBITDA Margin':'ebitdaMargins','Operating Margin':'operatingMargins', \
+        'Gross Margin':'grossMargins','Profit Margin':'profitMargins', \
+        'ROA':'returnOnAssets','ROE':'returnOnEquity', \
+        #股东持股
+        'Held Percent Insiders':'heldPercentInsiders', \
+        'Held Percent Institutions':'heldPercentInstitutions', \
+        #股东回报
+        'Payout Ratio':'payoutRatio','Revenue per Share':'revenuePerShare', \
+        'Cashflow per Share':'totalCashPerShare', \
+        'Dividend Rate':'dividendRate','TTM Dividend Rate':'trailingAnnualDividendRate', \
+        'Dividend Yield':'dividendYield', \
+        'TTM Dividend Yield':'trailingAnnualDividendYield', \
+        '5-Year Avg Dividend Yield':'fiveYearAvgDividendYield', \
+        'Trailing EPS':'trailingEps','Forward EPS':'forwardEps', \
+        #发展潜力
+        'Revenue Growth':'revenueGrowth','Earnings Growth':'earningsGrowth', \
+        'Earnings Quarterly Growth':'earningsQuarterlyGrowth', \
+        'EV to Revenue':'enterpriseToRevenue','EV to EBITDA':'enterpriseToEbitda', \
+        #市场看法
+        'Current Price':'currentPrice','Price to Book':'priceToBook', \
+        #'TTM Price to Sales':'priceToSalesTrailing12Months', \
+            'Price to Sales':'priceToSalesTrailing12Months', \
+        'beta':'beta','52-Week Change':'52WeekChange', \
+        'Trailing PE':'trailingPE','Forward PE':'forwardPE', \
+        #'PEG':'pegRatio',
+        #'IGR':'IGR','SGR':'SGR'
+        }
+    itemlist=list(itemdict.keys())
+    if itemk not in itemlist:
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): unsupported rate for",itemk)
+        print("  Supported rates are as follows:\n",itemlist)
+        return None
+
+    item=itemdict[itemk]
+    import pandas as pd
+    #import siat.stock_base as sb
+    df=pd.DataFrame(columns=('ticker','item','value','name'))
+    print(f"  Working on {indicator} for specified stocks ...")
+    for t in tickers:
+        print_progress_percent2(t,tickers,steps=5,leading_blanks=4)   
+        
+        try:
+            info=stock_info(t)
+        except:
+            print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): stock info not available for",t)
+            continue
+        if (info is None) or (len(info)==0):
+            print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): failed to get info for",t,"\b, try later!")
+            continue
+        try:
+            value=info[info.index == item]['Value'][0]
+        except:
+            print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): failed to get info of",item,"for",t)
+            continue
+        """
+        name=info[info.index == 'shortName']['Value'][0]
+        name1=name.split(' ',1)[0]  #取空格分隔字符串的第一个单词
+        name2=name1.split(',',1)[0]
+        name3=name2.split('.',1)[0]
+        """
+        name=ticker_name(t)
+        row=pd.Series({'ticker':t,'item':item,'value':value,'name':name})
+        try:
+            df=df.append(row,ignore_index=True)
+        except:
+            df=df._append(row,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    if len(df) == 0:
+        print("  #Error(compare_snapshot): stock info not found in",tickers)
+        return None
+    
+    #处理小数点
+    try:
+        df['value']=round(df['value'],3)    
+    except:
+        pass
+    df.sort_values(by='value',ascending=True,inplace=True)
+    df['key']=df['name']
+    df.set_index('key',inplace=True)    
+    
+    #绘图
+    if graph:
+        print("  Calculating and rendering graph, please wait ...")
+        
+        df.rename(columns={'value':itemk},inplace=True)
+        colname=itemk
+        #titletxt="企业横向对比: "+ectranslate(itemk)+"（TTM）"
+        titletxt=text_lang("企业对比: ","Comparing Company: ")+ectranslate(itemk)
+        import datetime; today=datetime.date.today()
+        footnote=text_lang("注：财务比率为TTM，数据来源: 雅虎财经, ","Note: TTM data, source: Yahoo Finance, ")+str(today)
+        plot_barh2(df,colname,titletxt,footnote)
+    
+    return df
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    df=compare_snapshot(tickers,itemk)
+    
+#==============================================================================
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    tickers=["0883.HK","0857.HK","0386.HK",'XOM','2222.SR','OXY','BP','RDSA.AS']
+    graph=True
+    
+def compare_tax(ticker,graph=True,axisamp=1.3,px=True):
+    """
+    功能：比较公司最新的实际所得税率
+    """
+    tickers=ticker
+    
+    #检查股票代码列表
+    if not isinstance(tickers,list): 
+        print("  #Error(compare_tax): need more stock codes in",tickers)
+        return None
+    if len(tickers) < 2:
+        print("  #Error(compare_tax): need more stock codes in",tickers)
+        return None 
+    
+    import siat.beta_adjustment as badj
+    import pandas as pd
+    df=pd.DataFrame(columns=('ticker','name','date','tax rate'))
+    print("  Working on tax info for specified stocks ...")
+    for t in tickers:
+        print_progress_percent2(t,tickers,steps=5,leading_blanks=4)   
+
+        try:
+            df0=badj.prepare_hamada_yahoo(t)
+        except:
+            print("  #Warning(compare_tax): stock info not available for",t)
+            continue
+        df1=df0.tail(1)
+        name=ticker_name(t)
+        reportdate=df1.index[0]
+        taxrate=df1['tax rate'][0]
+        row=pd.Series({'ticker':t,'name':name,'date':reportdate,'tax rate':round(taxrate,3)})
+        try:
+            df=df.append(row,ignore_index=True)
+        except:
+            df=df._append(row,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    df.sort_values(by='tax rate',ascending=True,inplace=True)
+    df['key']=df['name']
+    df.set_index('key',inplace=True)      
+    #绘图
+    if graph:
+        print("  Calculating and rendering graph, please wait ...")
+        lang=check_language()
+        colname='tax rate'
+        if lang == 'Chinese':
+            titletxt="企业对比: 实际所得税率"
+            itemk="实际所得税率"
+            source_txt="数据来源: 雅虎财经,"
+        else:
+            titletxt=texttranslate("企业对比: 实际税率")
+            itemk=texttranslate("实际所得税率")
+            source_txt=texttranslate("数据来源: 雅虎财经,")
+
+        import datetime; today=datetime.date.today()
+        if not px:
+            footnote=itemk+" -->\n"+source_txt+" "+str(today)
+            plot_barh(df,colname,titletxt,footnote,axisamp=axisamp)   
+        else:
+            footnote=source_txt+" "+str(today)
+            plot_barh2(df,colname,titletxt,footnote)   
+        
+    return df
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+   ticker='EBAY'
+   
+def calc_igr_sgr(ticker):
+
+    
+    import siat.stock as stk
+    sub_info=stk.get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='fin_rates',printout=False)
+    """
+    #应对各种出错情形：执行出错，返回NoneType，返回空值
+    try:
+        info=stk.stock_info(ticker)
+    except:
+        print("  #Warning(calc_igr_sgr): failed to retrieve info of",ticker,"\b, recovering...")
+        import time; time.sleep(5)
+        try:
+            info=stock_info(ticker)
+        except:
+            print("  #Error(calc_igr_sgr): failed to retrieve info of",ticker)
+            return None
+    if info is None:
+        print("  #Error(calc_igr_sgr): retrieved none info of",ticker)
+        return None
+    if len(info) == 0:
+        print("  #Error(calc_igr_sgr): retrieved empty info of",ticker)
+        return None    
+    sub_info=stock_fin_rates(info)
+    """
+    if sub_info is None:
+        return None,None
+    
+    roa=list(sub_info[sub_info.index=='returnOnAssets']['Value'])[0]
+    roe=list(sub_info[sub_info.index=='returnOnEquity']['Value'])[0]
+    try:
+        b=1-list(sub_info[sub_info.index=='payoutRatio']['Value'])[0]
+    except:
+        b=1-0
+
+    igr=round(roa*b/(1-roa*b),4)
+    sgr=round(roe*b/(1-roe*b),4)
+    
+    return igr,sgr
+
+def compare_igr_sgr(ticker,graph=True,axisamp=1.0,px=True):
+    """
+    功能：比较公司TTM的IGR和SGR
+    """
+    tickers=ticker
+    
+    #检查股票代码列表
+    if not isinstance(tickers,list): 
+        print("  #Error(compare_igr_sgr): need more stock codes in",tickers)
+        return None
+    if len(tickers) < 2:
+        print("  #Error(compare_igr_sgr): need more stock codes in",tickers)
+        return None 
+    
+    import pandas as pd
+    df=pd.DataFrame(columns=('ticker','name','date','IGR','SGR'))
+    print("  Working on IGR & SGR for specified stocks ...")
+    for t in tickers:
+        print_progress_percent2(t,tickers,steps=5,leading_blanks=4)
+        
+        try:
+            igr,sgr=calc_igr_sgr(t)
+        except:
+            print("  #Warning(compare_igr_sgr): stock info not available for",t)
+            continue
+        if igr is None or sgr is None: 
+            print("  #Warning(compare_igr_sgr): stock info not available for",t)
+            continue
+        name=ticker_name(t)
+        row=pd.Series({'ticker':t,'name':name,'IGR':round(igr,3),'SGR':round(sgr,3)})
+        try:
+            df=df.append(row,ignore_index=True)
+        except:
+            df=df._append(row,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    #绘制IGR
+    df.sort_values(by='IGR',ascending=True,inplace=True)
+    df['key']=df['name']
+    df.set_index('key',inplace=True)      
+    #绘图
+    lang=check_language()
+    if graph:
+        print("\n  Calculating and rendering graph, please wait ...")
+        
+        colname='IGR'
+        if lang == "Chinese":
+            titletxt="企业对比: 内部增长率IGR"
+            itemk="内部增长率(IGR)"
+            source_txt="数据来源: 雅虎财经,"
+        else:
+            titletxt="Company Internal Growth Rate (IGR TTM)"
+            itemk="Internal growth rate"
+            source_txt="Source: Yahoo Finance,"
+        
+        import datetime; today=datetime.date.today()
+        if not px:
+            footnote=ectranslate(itemk)+" -->\n"+source_txt+" "+str(today)
+            plot_barh(df,colname,titletxt,footnote,axisamp=axisamp)   
+        else:
+            footnote=source_txt+" "+str(today)
+            plot_barh2(df,colname,titletxt,footnote)   
+    
+    #绘制SGR
+    df.sort_values(by='SGR',ascending=True,inplace=True)
+    df['key']=df['name']
+    df.set_index('key',inplace=True)      
+    #绘图
+    if graph:
+        colname='SGR'
+        if lang == 'Chinese':
+            titletxt="企业对比: 可持续增长率SGR"
+            itemk="可持续增长率(SGR)"
+        else:
+            titletxt="Company Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR TTM)"
+            itemk="Sustainable growth rate"
+        
+        if not px:
+            footnote=ectranslate(itemk)+" -->\n"+source_txt+" "+str(today)
+            plot_barh(df,colname,titletxt,footnote,axisamp=axisamp)   
+        else:
+            footnote=source_txt+" "+str(today)
+            plot_barh2(df,colname,titletxt,footnote)   
+        
+    return df
+
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    fsdf=get_financial_statements('AAPL')
+    fst=fsdf.T  #查看科目名称更加方便
+
+def get_PE(fsdf):
+    """
+    功能：计算PE
+    """
+    dateymd=lambda x:x.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') 
+    fsdf['endDate']=fsdf['asOfDate'].apply(dateymd)
+    
+    #获得各个报表的日期范围，适当扩大日期范围以规避非交易日
+    start=min(list(fsdf['endDate']))
+    fromdate=date_adjust(start,adjust=-30)
+    end=max(list(fsdf['endDate']))
+    todate=date_adjust(end,adjust=30)
+
+    #获取股价
+    ticker=list(fsdf['ticker'])[0]
+    import siat.security_prices as ssp
+    prices=ssp.get_price(ticker, fromdate, todate)
+    if prices is None:
+        print("  #Error(get_PE): retrieving stock price failed for",ticker,fromdate,todate,"\b, recovering...")
+        import time; time.sleep(5)
+        prices=ssp.get_price(ticker, fromdate, todate)
+        if prices is None: 
+            print("  #Error(get_PE): failed retrieving stock price, retrying stopped")
+            import numpy as np
+            fsdf['BasicPE']=np.nan
+            fsdf['DilutedPE']=np.nan
+            return fsdf
+    
+    prices['datedt']=prices.index.date
+    datecvt=lambda x: str(x)[0:10]
+    prices['Date']=prices['datedt'].apply(datecvt)
+
+    #报表日期列表
+    datelist_fs=list(fsdf['endDate'])
+    #价格日期列表    
+    datelist_price=list(prices['Date'])
+    date_price_min=min(datelist_price)
+    date_price_max=max(datelist_price)
+    
+    #股价列表
+    pricelist=list(prices['Close'])
+    
+    import pandas as pd
+    pricedf=pd.DataFrame(columns=('endDate','actualDate','Price'))
+    for d in datelist_fs:
+        found=False
+        d1=d
+        if d in datelist_price:
+            found=True
+            pos=datelist_price.index(d)
+            p=pricelist[pos]
+        else:
+            while (d1 >= date_price_min) and not found:
+                d1=date_adjust(d1,adjust=-1)
+                if d1 in datelist_price:
+                    found=True
+                    pos=datelist_price.index(d1)
+                    p=pricelist[pos]
+            while (d1 <= date_price_max) and not found:
+                d1=date_adjust(d1,adjust=1)
+                if d1 in datelist_price:
+                    found=True
+                    pos=datelist_price.index(d1)
+                    p=pricelist[pos]            
+        #记录股价
+        row=pd.Series({'endDate':d,'actualDate':d1,'Price':p})
+        try:
+            pricedf=pricedf.append(row,ignore_index=True)
+        except:
+            pricedf=pricedf._append(row,ignore_index=True)
+
+    #合成表
+    fsdf1=pd.merge(fsdf,pricedf,on='endDate')
+    fsdf1['BasicPE']=fsdf1['Price']/fsdf1['BasicEPS']
+    fsdf1['DilutedPE']=fsdf1['Price']/fsdf1['DilutedEPS']
+
+    return fsdf1
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    fsdf1=get_PE(fsdf)
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    fsdf=get_financial_statements('AAPL')
+    fst=fsdf.T  #查看科目名称更加方便
+
+def calc_DebtToAsset(fsdf):
+    """
+    功能：计算资产负债率
+    """
+    
+    fsdf1=fsdf.copy()
+    
+    #计算Debt to Asset
+    try:
+        fsdf1['Debt to Asset']=round(fsdf1['TotalLiabilities']/fsdf1['TotalAssets'],4)
+    except:
+        print("  #Error(get_DebtToAsset): failed in calculating DebtToAsset")
+    
+    #计算Debt to Equity
+    try:
+        fsdf1['Debt to Equity']=round(fsdf1['TotalLiabilities']/fsdf1['TotalEquities'],4)    
+    except:
+        print("  #Error(get_DebtToAsset): failed in calculating DebtToEquity")    
+    
+    return fsdf1
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    fsdf1=get_DebtToAsset(fsdf)
+
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    fsdf=get_financial_statements('AAPL')
+    fst=fsdf.T  #查看科目名称更加方便
+    
+    fsdf=get_financial_statements('3333.HK')
+    fsdf=get_financial_statements('601398.SS')
+
+def calc_fin_rates(fsdf):
+    """
+    功能：基于财报计算各种指标
+    注意：ROA/ROE/EM/turnover比率基于期初期末均值计算，其余仅基于期末数据计算！
+    """
+    #####前后填充缺失值
+    if fsdf is None: return None
+    fs = fsdf.fillna(method='ffill').fillna(method='bfill')
+    
+    """
+    #期初期末平均数
+    fs['avgInventory']=(fs['Inventory']+fs['Inventory'].shift(1))/2.0 
+    fs['avgReceivables']=(fs['AccountsReceivable']+fs['AccountsReceivable'].shift(1))/2.0 
+    fs['avgCurrentAsset']=(fs['CurrentAssets']+fs['CurrentAssets'].shift(1))/2.0 
+    fs['avgPPE']=(fs['NetPPE']+fs['NetPPE'].shift(1))/2.0  
+    fs['avgTotalAsset']=(fs['TotalAssets']+fs['TotalAssets'].shift(1))/2.0  
+    fs['avgNetPPE']=(fs['NetPPE']+fs['NetPPE'].shift(1))/2.0
+    fs['avgGrossPPE']=(fs['GrossPPE']+fs['GrossPPE'].shift(1))/2.0
+    fs['avgTotalEquity']=(fs['TotalEquities']+fs['TotalEquities'].shift(1))/2.0  
+    """
+    
+    #短期偿债能力指标
+    #流动比率：流动资产 / 流动负债
+    fs['Current Ratio']=fs['CurrentAssets']/fs['CurrentLiabilities']
+    #速动比率：（流动资产-存货） / 流动负债
+    fs['Quick Ratio']=(fs['CurrentAssets']-fs['Inventory'])/fs['CurrentLiabilities']
+    #现金比率: （现金+现金等价物） / 流动负债
+    fs['Cash Ratio']=fs['CashAndCashEquivalents']/fs['CurrentLiabilities']
+    #现金流量比率：经营活动现金流量 / 流动负债
+    fs['Cash Flow Ratio']=fs['OperatingCashFlow']/fs['CurrentLiabilities']
+    
+    #####长期偿债能力指标
+    #资产负债率：负债总额 / 资产总额
+    fs['Debt to Asset']=fs['TotalLiabilities']/fs['TotalAssets']
+    #股东权益比率：股东权益总额 / 资产总额
+    fs['Equity to Asset']=fs['TotalEquities']/fs['TotalAssets']
+    
+    #权益乘数：资产总额 / 股东权益总额，使用期初期末均值*****
+    fs=fs_entry_begin(fs,account_entry='TotalAssets',suffix='_begin')
+    fs=fs_entry_begin(fs,account_entry='TotalEquities',suffix='_begin')
+    fs['Equity Multiplier']=((fs['TotalAssets']+fs['TotalAssets_begin'])/2)/((fs['TotalEquities']+fs['TotalEquities_begin'])/2)
+    #fs['Equity Multiplier']=fs['avgTotalAsset']/fs['avgTotalEquity']
+    
+    #负债股权比率：负债总额 / 股东权益总额
+    fs['Debt to Equity']=fs['TotalLiabilities']/fs['TotalEquities']
+    #有形净值债务率：负债总额 / （股东权益-无形资产净额）
+    fs['netIntangibleAsset']=fs['TotalAssets']-fs['NetTangibleAssets']
+    fs['Debt to Tangible Net Asset']=fs['TotalLiabilities']/(fs['TotalEquities']-fs['netIntangibleAsset'])
+    #偿债保障比率：负债总额 / 经营活动现金净流量
+    fs['Debt Service Coverage']=fs['TotalLiabilities']/fs['OperatingCashFlow']
+    #利息保障倍数：（税前利润+利息费用）/ 利息费用
+    fs['Times Interest Earned']=fs['PretaxIncome']/fs['InterestExpense']+1
+    
+    #营运能力指标
+    #存货周转率：销售收入 / 期末存货，平均存货计算困难     
+    #fs['Inventory Turnover']=fs['CostOfRevenue']/fs['avgInventory']
+    #fs['Inventory Turnover']=fs['CostOfRevenue']/fs['Inventory']
+    fs=fs_entry_begin(fs,account_entry='Inventory',suffix='_begin')
+    fs['Inventory Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/((fs['Inventory']+fs['Inventory_begin'])/2)
+    #应收账款周转率：赊销收入净额 / 平均应收账款余额         
+    #fs['Receivable Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/fs['avgReceivables']
+    fs=fs_entry_begin(fs,account_entry='AccountsReceivable',suffix='_begin')
+    fs['Receivable Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/((fs['AccountsReceivable']+fs['AccountsReceivable_begin'])/2)
+    #流动资产周转率：销售收入 / 平均流动资产余额     
+    #fs['Current Asset Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/fs['avgCurrentAsset']
+    fs=fs_entry_begin(fs,account_entry='CurrentAssets',suffix='_begin')
+    fs['Current Asset Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/((fs['CurrentAssets']+fs['CurrentAssets_begin'])/2)
+    #固定资产周转率：销售收入 / 平均固定资产净额    
+    #fs['Fixed Asset Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/fs['avgPPE']
+    fs=fs_entry_begin(fs,account_entry='NetPPE',suffix='_begin')
+    fs['Fixed Asset Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/((fs['NetPPE']+fs['NetPPE_begin'])/2)
+    #总资产周转率：销售收入 / 平均资产总额    
+    #fs['Total Asset Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/fs['avgTotalAsset']
+    fs['Total Asset Turnover']=fs['TotalRevenue']/((fs['TotalAssets']+fs['TotalAssets_begin'])/2)
+    
+    #主营业务利润率=主营业务利润/主营业务收入
+    fs['Operating Margin']=fs['OperatingIncome']/fs['OperatingRevenue']
+    
+    #发展潜力指标
+    #营业收入增长率：本期营业收入增长额 / 上年同期营业收入总额
+    fs['Revenue Growth']=fs['OperatingRevenue'].pct_change()
+    #资本积累率：本期所有者权益增长额 / 年初所有者权益
+    fs['Capital Accumulation']=fs['TotalEquities'].pct_change()
+    #总资产增长率：本期总资产增长额 / 年初资产总额    
+    fs['Total Asset Growth']=fs['TotalAssets'].pct_change()
+    #固定资产成新率：平均固定资产净值 / 平均固定资产原值。又称“固定资产净值率”或“有用系数”
+    #fs['PPE Residual']=fs['avgNetPPE']/fs['avgGrossPPE']
+    if ('NetPPE' in list(fs)) and ('GrossPPE' in list(fs)):
+        fs['PPE Residual']=fs['NetPPE']/fs['GrossPPE']
+    
+    #其他指标
+    #盈利能力指标
+    #资产报酬率：净利润 / 期末资产总额，平均总资产计算困难        
+    #fs['Return on Asset']=(fs['NetIncome']+fs['InterestExpense'])/fs['avgTotalAsset']
+    #fs['Return on Asset']=(fs['NetIncome']+fs['InterestExpense'])/fs['TotalAssets']
+    #fs=fs_entry_begin(fs,account_entry='TotalAssets',suffix='_begin')
+    fs['Return on Asset']=(fs['NetIncome'])/((fs['TotalAssets']+fs['TotalAssets_begin'])/2)
+    fs['ROA']=fs['Return on Asset']
+    #（投入）资本回报率（Return on Invested Capital，简称ROIC）
+    #ROIC=NOPLAT(息前税后经营利润)/IC(投入资本)
+    #NOPLAT=EBIT×(1－T)=(营业利润+财务费用－非经常性投资损益) ×(1－所得税率)
+    #IC=有息负债+净资产－超额现金－非经营性资产
+    #fs['Return on Invested Capital']=(fs['OperatingIncome']+fs['InterestExpense'])*(1-fs['TaxRateForCalcs'])/fs['InvestedCapital']
+    fs=fs_entry_begin(fs,account_entry='InvestedCapital',suffix='_begin')
+    fs['Return on Invested Capital']=(fs['OperatingIncome'])*(1-fs['TaxRateForCalcs'])/((fs['InvestedCapital']+fs['InvestedCapital_begin'])/2)
+    #fs['Return on Invested Capital']=fs['Return on Invested Capital']
+    fs['ROIC']=fs['Return on Invested Capital']
+    #净资产报酬率：净利润 / 平均净资产    
+    #fs['Return on Net Asset']=fs['NetIncome']/fs['avgTotalEquity']
+    
+    fs['Return on Net Asset']=fs['NetIncome']/((fs['TotalEquities']+fs['TotalEquities_begin'])/2)
+    #股东权益报酬率：净利润 / 平均股东权益总额
+    fs['Return on Equity']=fs['Return on Net Asset']
+    fs['ROE']=fs['Return on Equity']
+    #毛利率：销售毛利 / 销售收入净额    
+    fs['Gross Margin']=fs['GrossProfit']/fs['TotalRevenue']
+    #销售净利率：净利润 / 销售收入净额
+    fs['Profit Margin']=fs['NetIncome']/fs['TotalRevenue']
+    #成本费用净利率：净利润 / 成本费用总额
+    fs['Net Profit on Costs']=fs['NetIncome']/fs['CostOfRevenue']
+    #股利发放率：每股股利 / 每股利润   
+    fs['Payout Ratio']=fs['CashDividendsPaid']/fs['NetIncome']
+
+    ###每股指标，受EPS可用性影响    
+    #每股利润：（净利润-优先股股利） / 加权流通在外股数。基本EPS
+    #注意：流通股股数=期初commonStock-treasuryStock,加本年增加的股数issuanceOfStock*月份占比-本年减少的股数repurchaseOfStock*月份占比
+    import numpy as np
+    fs['outstandingStock']=np.floor(fs['NetIncomeCommonStockholders']/fs['BasicEPS'])
+    #每股现金流量：（经营活动现金净流量-优先股股利） / 流通在外股数
+    fs['Cashflow per Share']=fs['OperatingCashFlow']/fs['outstandingStock']
+    fs['CFPS']=fs['Cashflow per Share']
+    #每股股利：（现金股利总额-优先股股利） /流通在外股数    
+    fs['Dividend per Share']=fs['CashDividendsPaid']/fs['outstandingStock']
+    fs['DPS']=fs['Dividend per Share']
+    #每股净资产：股东权益总额 / 流通在外股数  
+    fs['Net Asset per Share']=fs['CommonStockEquity']/fs['outstandingStock']
+    
+    #市盈率：每股市价 / 每股利润，依赖EPS反推出的流通股数量
+    #fs=get_PE(fs)
+    dateymd=lambda x:x.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') 
+    fs['endDate']=fs['asOfDate'].apply(dateymd)
+    
+    fs['date']=fs['endDate']
+    fs.set_index('date',inplace=True)    
+    
+    # 删除起初_begin字段
+    list_begin=[]
+    for b in list(fs):
+        if '_begin' in b:
+            list_begin=list_begin+[b]
+    fs.drop(list_begin,axis=1,inplace=True)
+    
+    return fs
+    
+    
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    fs=calc_fin_rates(fsdf)
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    ticker='AAPL'
+    ticker='00700.HK'
+    ticker='601398.SS'
+
+    fsr=get_financial_rates(ticker)
+
+def get_financial_rates(ticker):
+    """
+    功能：获得股票的财务报表和财务比率
+    财务报表：资产负债表，利润表，现金流量表
+    财务比率：短期还债能力，长期还债能力，营运能力，盈利能力，发展能力
+    返回：报表+比率    
+    """
+    print("\n  Analyzing financial rates of",ticker,"......")
+    
+    # 变换港股代码5位-->4位
+    result,prefix,suffix=split_prefix_suffix(ticker)
+    if result & (suffix=='HK'):
+        if len(prefix)==5:
+            ticker=ticker[1:]  
+    
+    #抓取股票的财务报表
+    try:
+        fsdf=get_financial_statements(ticker)
+    except:
+        print("  Failed to get financial statements of",ticker,"\b, recovering")
+        sleep_random(max_sleep=60)
+        try:
+            fsdf=get_financial_statements(ticker)
+        except:
+            print("  Failed to get financial statements of",ticker,"\b!")
+            print("  If the stock code",ticker,"\b is correct, please try a few minutes later.")
+        return None
+        
+    #抓取股票的稀释后EPS，计算财务比率
+    fsr=calc_fin_rates(fsdf)
+    if fsr is None: return None
+    """
+    try:
+        fsr=calc_fin_rates(fsdf)
+    except:
+        print("......Failed to calculate some financial rates of",ticker,"\b!")
+        return None
+    """
+    #整理列名：将股票代码、截止日期、报表类型排在开头
+    cols=list(fsr)
+    cols.remove('endDate')
+    cols.remove('ticker')
+    cols.remove('periodType')
+    fsr2=fsr[['ticker','endDate','periodType']+cols]
+    
+    return fsr2
+
+"""
+短期偿债能力分析：
+1、流动比率，计算公式： 流动资产 / 流动负债
+2、速动比率，计算公式： （流动资产-存货） / 流动负债
+3、现金比率，计算公式： （现金+现金等价物） / 流动负债
+4、现金流量比率，计算公式： 经营活动现金流量 / 流动负债
+
+长期偿债能力分析：
+1、资产负债率，计算公式： 负债总额 / 资产总额
+2、股东权益比率，计算公式： 股东权益总额 / 资产总额
+3、权益乘数，计算公式： 资产总额 / 股东权益总额
+4、负债股权比率，计算公式： 负债总额 / 股东权益总额
+5、有形净值债务率，计算公式： 负债总额 / （股东权益-无形资产净额）
+6、偿债保障比率，计算公式： 负债总额 / 经营活动现金净流量
+7、利息保障倍数，计算公式： （税前利润+利息费用）/ 利息费用
+
+营运分析
+1、存货周转率，计算公式： 销售成本 / 平均存货
+2、应收账款周转率，计算公式： 赊销收入净额 / 平均应收账款余额
+3、流动资产周转率，计算公式： 销售收入 / 平均流动资产余额
+4、固定资产周转率，计算公式： 销售收入 / 平均固定资产净额
+5、总资产周转率，计算公式： 销售收入 / 平均资产总额
+
+盈利分析
+1、资产报酬率，计算公式： 利润总额+利息支出 / 平均资产总额
+2、净资产报酬率，计算公式： 净利润 / 平均净资产
+3、股东权益报酬率，计算公式： 净利润 / 平均股东权益总额
+4、毛利率，计算公式： 销售毛利 / 销售收入净额
+5、销售净利率，计算公式： 净利润 / 销售收入净额
+6、成本费用净利率，计算公式： 净利润 / 成本费用总额
+7、每股利润，计算公式： （净利润-优先股股利） / 流通在外股数
+8、每股现金流量，计算公式： （经营活动现金净流量-优先股股利） / 流通在外股数
+9、每股股利，计算公式： （现金股利总额-优先股股利） /流通在外股数
+10、股利发放率，计算公式： 每股股利 / 每股利润
+11、每股净资产，计算公式： 股东权益总额 / 流通在外股数
+12、市盈率，计算公式： 每股市价 / 每股利润
+13、主营业务利润率=主营业务利润/主营业务收入*100%
+
+发展分析
+1、营业增长率，计算公式： 本期营业增长额 / 上年同期营业收入总额
+2、资本积累率，计算公式： 本期所有者权益增长额 / 年初所有者权益
+3、总资产增长率，计算公式： 本期总资产增长额 / 年初资产总额
+4、固定资产成新率，计算公式： 平均固定资产净值 / 平均固定资产原值
+"""
+#==============================================================================
+#==============================================================================
+#==============================================================================
+#####以上的指标为时间序列；以下的指标为非时间序列，类似于快照信息
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    symbol='JD'
+    symbol='AAPL'
+    symbol='BABA'
+    symbol='2883.HK'
+    symbol='EBAY'
+    
+    stock_info(symbol)
+
+def stock_info(symbol):
+    """
+    功能：返回静态信息
+    """
+    DEBUG=False
+    if DEBUG:
+        print("  DEBUG: in stock_info, symbol={}".format(symbol))
+    
+    from yahooquery import Ticker
+    stock = Ticker(symbol)
+
+    """
+    Asset Profile:
+    Head office address/zip/country, Officers, Employees, industry/sector, phone/fax,
+    web site,
+    Risk ranks: auditRisk, boardRisk, compensationRisk, overallRisk, shareHolderRightRisk,
+    compensationRisk: 薪酬风险。Jensen 及 Meckling (1976)的研究指出薪酬與管理者的風險承擔
+    具有關連性，站在管理者的立場來看，創新支出的投入使管理者承受更大的薪酬風險(compensation risk)，
+    管理者自然地要求更高的薪酬來補貼所面臨的風險，因此企業創新投資對管理者薪酬成正相關。
+    boardRisk: 董事会风险
+    shareHolderRightRisk：股权风险
+    """
+    adict=stock.asset_profile
+    keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+    import pandas as pd    
+    aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+    ainfo=aframe.T
+    info=ainfo.copy()
+
+
+    """
+    ESG Scores: Risk measurements
+    peerGroup, ratingYear, 
+    environmentScore, governanceScore, socialScore, totalEsg
+    dict: peerEnvironmentPerformance, peerGovernancePerformance, peerSocialPerformance, 
+    peerEsgScorePerformance
+    """
+    adict=stock.esg_scores
+    try:    #一些企业无此信息
+        keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+        aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+        ainfo=aframe.T
+        info=pd.concat([info,ainfo])
+    except:
+        pass
+
+    """
+    Financial Data: TTM???
+    currentPrice, targetHighPrice, targetLowPrice, targetMeanPrice, targetMedianPrice, 
+    currentRatio, debtToEquity, earningsGrowth, ebitda, ebitdaMargins, financialCurrency,
+    freeCashflow, grossMargins, grossProfits, 
+    operatingCashflow, operatingMargins, profitMargins,
+    quickRatio, returnOnAssets, returnOnEquity, revenueGrowth, revenuePerShare, 
+    totalCash, totalCashPerShare, totalDebt, totalRevenue, 
+    """
+    adict=stock.financial_data
+    keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+    aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+    ainfo=aframe.T
+    info=pd.concat([info,ainfo])    
+    
+
+    """
+    Key Statistics: TTM???
+    52WeekChang, SandP52WeekChang, beta, floatShares, sharesOutstanding, 
+    bookValue, earningsQuarterlyGrowth, enterpriseToEbitda, enterpriseToRevenue,
+    enterpriseValue, netIncomeToCommon, priceToBook, profitMargins, 
+    forwardEps, trailingEps,
+    heldPercentInsiders, heldPercentInstitutions, 
+    lastFiscalYearEnd, lastSplitDate, lastSplitFactor, mostRecentQuarter, nextFiscalYearEnd,
+    """
+    adict=stock.key_stats
+    keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+    aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+    ainfo=aframe.T
+    info=pd.concat([info,ainfo]) 
+    
+    
+    """
+    Price Information:
+    currency, currencySymbol, exchange, exchangeName, shortName, 
+    longName, 
+    marketCap, marketState, quoteType, 
+    regularMarketChange, regularMarketChangPercent, regularMarketHigh, regularMarketLow, 
+    regularMarketOpen, regularMarketPreviousClose, regularMarketPrice, regularMarketTime,
+    regularMarketVolume, 
+    """
+    adict=stock.price
+    keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+    aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+    ainfo=aframe.T
+    info=pd.concat([info,ainfo]) 
+    
+
+    """
+    Quote Type:
+    exchange, firstTradeDateEpocUtc(上市日期), longName, quoteType(证券类型：股票), 
+    shortName, symbol(当前代码), timeZoneFullName, timeZoneShortName, underlyingSymbol(原始代码), 
+    """
+    adict=stock.quote_type
+    keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+    aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+    ainfo=aframe.T
+    info=pd.concat([info,ainfo]) 
+    
+
+    """
+    Share Purchase Activity
+    period(6m), totalInsiderShares
+    """
+    adict=stock.share_purchase_activity
+    keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+    aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+    ainfo=aframe.T
+    info=pd.concat([info,ainfo]) 
+
+
+    """
+    # Summary detail
+    averageDailyVolume10Day, averageVolume, averageVolume10days, beta, currency, 
+    dayHigh, dayLow, fiftyDayAverage, fiftyTwoWeekHigh, fiftyTwoWeekLow, open, previousClose, 
+    regularMarketDayHigh, regularMarketDayLow, regularMarketOpen, regularMarketPreviousClose, 
+    regularMarketVolume, twoHundredDayAverage, volume, 
+    forwardPE, marketCap, priceToSalesTrailing12Months, 
+    dividendRate, dividendYield, exDividendDate, payoutRatio, trailingAnnualDividendRate,
+    trailingAnnualDividendYield, trailingPE, 
+    """
+    adict=stock.summary_detail
+    keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+    aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+    ainfo=aframe.T
+    info=pd.concat([info,ainfo]) 
+
+    
+    """
+    summary_profile
+    address/city/country/zip, phone/fax, sector/industry, website/longBusinessSummary, 
+    fullTimeEmployees, 
+    """
+    adict=stock.summary_profile
+    keylist=list(adict[symbol].keys())
+    aframe=pd.DataFrame.from_dict(adict, orient='index', columns=keylist)
+    ainfo=aframe.T
+    info=pd.concat([info,ainfo])    
+
+    # 清洗数据项目
+    info.sort_index(inplace=True)   #排序
+    info.dropna(inplace=True)   #去掉空值
+    #去重
+    info['Item']=info.index
+    info.drop_duplicates(subset=['Item'],keep='last',inplace=True)
+    
+    #删除不需要的项目
+    delrows=['adult','alcoholic','animalTesting','ask','askSize','bid','bidSize', \
+             'catholic','coal','controversialWeapons','furLeather','gambling', \
+                 'gmo','gmtOffSetMilliseconds','militaryContract','messageBoardId', \
+                     'nuclear','palmOil','pesticides','tobacco','uuid','maxAge']
+    for r in delrows:
+       info.drop(info[info['Item']==r].index,inplace=True) 
+    
+    #修改列名
+    info.rename(columns={symbol:'Value'}, inplace=True) 
+    del info['Item']
+       
+    infot=info.T
+    #有的股票信息中缺失returnOnAssets或payoutRatio
+    try:       
+        #增加IGR
+        infot['IGR']=infot['returnOnAssets']*(1-infot['payoutRatio'])/(1-infot['returnOnAssets']*(1-infot['payoutRatio']))
+    except:
+        pass
+    
+    #增加SGR
+    try:
+        infot['SGR']=infot['returnOnEquity']*(1-infot['payoutRatio'])/(1-infot['returnOnEquity']*(1-infot['payoutRatio']))
+    except:
+        pass
+    
+    infott=infot.T   
+    
+    return infott
+
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    info=stock_info('AAPL')
+    info=stock_info('BABA')
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    info=stock_info('AAPL')
+
+def stock_basic(info):
+    
+    wishlist=['symbol','shortName','sector','industry', \
+              
+              #公司名称，业务
+              'underlyingSymbol','longName', \
+              
+              #公司地址，网站
+              'address1','address2','city','state','country','zip','phone','fax', \
+              'timeZoneShortName','timeZoneFullName','website', \
+              
+              #员工人数
+              'fullTimeEmployees', \
+              
+              #上市与交易所
+              'exchange','exchangeName','quoteType', \
+              
+              #其他
+              'beta','currency','currentPrice','marketCap','trailingPE', \
+                  
+              'ratingYear','ratingMonth']
+        
+    #按照wishlist的顺序从info中取值
+    rowlist=list(info.index)
+    import pandas as pd
+    info_sub=pd.DataFrame(columns=['Item','Value'])
+    infot=info.T
+    for w in wishlist:
+        if w in rowlist:
+            v=infot[w][0]
+            s=pd.Series({'Item':w,'Value':v})
+            try:
+                info_sub=info_sub.append(s,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                info_sub=info_sub._append(s,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    return info_sub
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    basic=stock_basic(info)    
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    info=stock_info('AAPL')
+
+def stock_officers(info):
+    
+    wishlist=['symbol','shortName','sector','industry', \
+              
+              #公司高管
+              'currency','companyOfficers', \
+              
+              ]
+        
+    #按照wishlist的顺序从info中取值
+    rowlist=list(info.index)
+    import pandas as pd
+    info_sub=pd.DataFrame(columns=['Item','Value'])
+    infot=info.T
+    for w in wishlist:
+        if w in rowlist:
+            v=infot[w][0]
+            s=pd.Series({'Item':w,'Value':v})
+            try:
+                info_sub=info_sub.append(s,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                info_sub=info_sub._append(s,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    return info_sub
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    sub_info=stock_officers(info)    
+
+#==============================================================================
+def stock_risk_general(info):
+    
+    wishlist=['symbol','shortName','sector','industry', \
+              
+              'overallRisk','boardRisk','compensationRisk', \
+              'shareHolderRightsRisk','auditRisk', \
+                  
+              'ratingYear','ratingMonth']
+        
+    #按照wishlist的顺序从info中取值
+    rowlist=list(info.index)
+    import pandas as pd
+    info_sub=pd.DataFrame(columns=['Item','Value'])
+    infot=info.T
+    for w in wishlist:
+        if w in rowlist:
+            v=infot[w][0]
+            s=pd.Series({'Item':w,'Value':v})
+            try:
+                info_sub=info_sub.append(s,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                info_sub=info_sub._append(s,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    return info_sub
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    risk_general=stock_risk_general(info)    
+
+#==============================================================================
+def stock_risk_esg(info):
+    
+    wishlist=['symbol','shortName','sector','industry', \
+            
+              'totalEsg','esgPerformance','peerEsgScorePerformance', \
+              'environmentScore','peerEnvironmentPerformance', \
+              'socialScore','peerSocialPerformance', \
+              'governanceScore','peerGovernancePerformance', \
+              'peerGroup','relatedControversy','peerCount','percentile', \
+                
+              'ratingYear','ratingMonth']
+        
+    #按照wishlist的顺序从info中取值
+    rowlist=list(info.index)
+    import pandas as pd
+    info_sub=pd.DataFrame(columns=['Item','Value'])
+    infot=info.T
+    for w in wishlist:
+        if w in rowlist:
+            v=infot[w][0]
+            s=pd.Series({'Item':w,'Value':v})
+            try:
+                info_sub=info_sub.append(s,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                info_sub=info_sub._append(s,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    return info_sub
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    risk_esg=stock_risk_esg(info)  
+    
+#==============================================================================
+def stock_fin_rates(info):
+    
+    wishlist=['symbol','shortName','sector','industry', \
+              
+              'financialCurrency', \
+              
+              #偿债能力
+              'currentRatio','quickRatio','debtToEquity', \
+                  
+              #盈利能力
+              'ebitdaMargins','operatingMargins','grossMargins','profitMargins', \
+                  
+              #股东回报率
+              'returnOnAssets','returnOnEquity', \
+              'dividendRate','trailingAnnualDividendRate','trailingEps', \
+              'payoutRatio','revenuePerShare','totalCashPerShare', \
+              
+              #业务发展能力
+              'revenueGrowth','earningsGrowth','earningsQuarterlyGrowth', \
+              'enterpriseToRevenue','enterpriseToEbitda', \
+                
+              'ratingYear','ratingMonth']
+        
+    #按照wishlist的顺序从info中取值
+    rowlist=list(info.index)
+    import pandas as pd
+    info_sub=pd.DataFrame(columns=['Item','Value'])
+    infot=info.T
+    for w in wishlist:
+        if w in rowlist:
+            v=infot[w][0]
+            s=pd.Series({'Item':w,'Value':v})
+            try:
+                info_sub=info_sub.append(s,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                info_sub=info_sub._append(s,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    return info_sub
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    fin_rates=stock_fin_rates(info) 
+
+#==============================================================================
+def stock_fin_statements(info):
+    
+    wishlist=['symbol','shortName','sector','industry', \
+              
+              'financialCurrency','lastFiscalYearEnd','mostRecentQuarter','nextFiscalYearEnd', \
+              
+              #资产负债
+              'enterpriseValue','totalDebt','marketCap', \
+                  
+              #利润表
+              'totalRevenue','grossProfits','ebitda','netIncomeToCommon', \
+                  
+              #现金流量
+              'operatingCashflow','freeCashflow','totalCash', \
+              
+              #股票数量
+              'sharesOutstanding','floatShares','totalInsiderShares', \
+                
+              'ratingYear','ratingMonth']
+        
+    #按照wishlist的顺序从info中取值
+    rowlist=list(info.index)
+    import pandas as pd
+    info_sub=pd.DataFrame(columns=['Item','Value'])
+    infot=info.T
+    for w in wishlist:
+        if w in rowlist:
+            v=infot[w][0]
+            s=pd.Series({'Item':w,'Value':v})
+            try:
+                info_sub=info_sub.append(s,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                info_sub=info_sub._append(s,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    return info_sub
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    fin_statements=stock_fin_statements(info) 
+
+#==============================================================================
+def stock_market_rates(info):
+    
+    wishlist=['symbol','shortName','sector','industry', \
+              
+              'currency','currencySymbol', \
+              
+              #市场观察
+              'priceToBook','priceToSalesTrailing12Months','recommendationKey', \
+              
+              #市场风险与收益
+              'beta','52WeekChange','SandP52WeekChange', \
+              'trailingEps','forwardEps','trailingPE','forwardPE','pegRatio', \
+              
+              #分红
+              'dividendYield','fiveYearAvgDividendYield','trailingAnnualDividendYield', \
+                  
+              #持股
+              'heldPercentInsiders','heldPercentInstitutions', \
+              
+              #股票流通
+              'sharesOutstanding','totalInsiderShares','floatShares', \
+              'sharesPercentSharesOut','shortPercentOfFloat','shortRatio', \
+                
+              'ratingYear','ratingMonth']
+        
+    #按照wishlist的顺序从info中取值
+    rowlist=list(info.index)
+    import pandas as pd
+    info_sub=pd.DataFrame(columns=['Item','Value'])
+    infot=info.T
+    for w in wishlist:
+        if w in rowlist:
+            v=infot[w][0]
+            s=pd.Series({'Item':w,'Value':v})
+            try:
+                info_sub=info_sub.append(s,ignore_index=True)
+            except:
+                info_sub=info_sub._append(s,ignore_index=True)
+    
+    return info_sub
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    market_rates=stock_market_rates(info) 
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    ticker='01810.HK'
+    ticker='AAPL'
+    info_type='fin_rates' 
+
+def get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='basic',graph=True):
+    """
+    功能：抓取和获得股票的信息
+    basic: 基本信息
+    fin_rates: 财务比率快照
+    fin_statements: 财务报表快照
+    market_rates: 市场比率快照
+    risk_general: 一般风险快照
+    risk_esg: 可持续发展风险快照（有些股票无此信息）
+    """
+    #print("\nSearching for snapshot info of",ticker,"\b, please wait...")
+
+    typelist=['basic','officers','fin_rates','fin_statements','market_rates','risk_general','risk_esg','all']    
+    if info_type not in typelist:
+        print("  #Sorry, info_type not supported for",info_type)
+        print("  Supported info_type:\n",typelist)
+        return None
+
+    #改变港股代码，去掉前导的0或8
+    if '.HK' in ticker.upper():
+        ticker=ticker[-7:]
+
+    info=stock_info(ticker)
+    if not graph: return info
+    
+    name=info.T['shortName'][0]
+    if info_type in ['basic','all']:
+        sub_info=stock_basic(info)
+        titletxt="***** "+name+": Basic Information *****"        
+        printdf(sub_info,titletxt)
+    
+    if info_type in ['officers','all']:
+        sub_info=stock_officers(info)
+        titletxt="***** "+name+": Company Senior Management *****"        
+        printdf(sub_info,titletxt)    
+    
+    if info_type in ['fin_rates','all']:
+        sub_info=stock_fin_rates(info)
+        titletxt="***** "+name+": Fundamental Rates *****"        
+        printdf(sub_info,titletxt)
+    
+    if info_type in ['fin_statements','all']:
+        sub_info=stock_fin_statements(info)
+        titletxt="***** "+name+": Financial Statements *****"        
+        printdf(sub_info,titletxt)
+    
+    if info_type in ['market_rates','all']:
+        sub_info=stock_market_rates(info)
+        titletxt="***** "+name+": Market Rates *****"        
+        printdf(sub_info,titletxt)
+    
+    if info_type in ['risk_general','all']:
+        sub_info=stock_risk_general(info)
+        titletxt="***** "+name+": Risk General *****"+ \
+            "\n(Bigger number means higher risk)"
+        printdf(sub_info,titletxt)
+    
+    if info_type in ['risk_esg','all']:
+        sub_info=stock_risk_esg(info)
+        if len(sub_info)==0:
+            print("#Error(get_stock_profile): esg info not available for",ticker)
+        else:
+            titletxt="***** "+name+": Sustainability Risk *****"+ \
+                "\n(Smaller number means less risky)"
+            printdf(sub_info,titletxt)
+    
+    return info
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    info=get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='basic')
+    info=get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='officers')
+    info=get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='fin_rates')
+    info=get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='fin_statements')
+    info=get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='market_rates')
+    info=get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='risk_general')
+    info=get_stock_profile(ticker,info_type='risk_esg')
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    ticker='AAPL'
+    info=stock_info(ticker)
+    sub_info=stock_officers(info)
+    titletxt="***** "+ticker+": Snr Management *****"
+
+def printdf(sub_info,titletxt):
+    """
+    功能：整齐显示股票信息快照
+    """
+    print("\n"+titletxt)
+    
+    maxlen=0
+    for index,row in sub_info.iterrows():
+        if len(row['Item']) > maxlen: maxlen=len(row['Item'])
+
+    for index,row in sub_info.iterrows():
+        
+        #特殊打印：高管信息
+        if row['Item']=="companyOfficers":
+            print_companyOfficers(sub_info)
+            continue
+        
+        #特殊打印：ESG同行状况
+        peerlist=["peerEsgScorePerformance","peerEnvironmentPerformance", \
+                 "peerSocialPerformance","peerGovernancePerformance"]
+        if row['Item'] in peerlist:
+            print_peerPerformance(sub_info,row['Item'])
+            continue
+
+        #特殊打印：ESG Social风险内容
+        if row['Item']=="relatedControversy":
+            print_controversy(sub_info,row['Item'])
+            continue
+
+        thislen=maxlen-len(row['Item'])
+        print(row['Item'],'.'*thislen,'\b:',row['Value'])
+    
+    import datetime
+    today=datetime.date.today()
+    print("*** Source: Yahoo Finance,",today)
+    
+    return
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    printdf(sub_info,titletxt)
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    info=stock_info('AAPL')
+    sub_info=stock_officers(info)
+
+def print_companyOfficers(sub_info):
+    """
+    功能：打印公司高管信息
+    """
+    item='companyOfficers'
+    itemtxt='Company officers:'
+    key1='name'
+    key2='title'
+    key3='yearBorn'
+    key4='age'
+    key6='totalPay'
+    key7='fiscalYear'
+    currency=list(sub_info[sub_info['Item'] == 'currency']['Value'])[0]
+    alist=list(sub_info[sub_info['Item'] == item]['Value'])[0]
+    
+    print(itemtxt)
+    for i in alist:
+        print(' '*4,i[key1])
+        print(' '*8,i[key2],'\b,',i[key4],'years old (born',i[key3],'\b)')
+        print(' '*8,'Total paid',currency+str(format(i[key6],',')),'@'+str(i[key7]))
+        
+    return
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    print_companyOfficers(sub_info)
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    info=stock_info('AAPL')
+    sub_info=stock_risk_esg(info)
+    item="peerEsgScorePerformance"
+
+def print_peerPerformance(sub_info,item):
+    """
+    功能：打印ESG信息
+    """
+    maxlen=0
+    for index,row in sub_info.iterrows():
+        if len(row['Item']) > maxlen: maxlen=len(row['Item'])
+    thislen=maxlen-len(item)+2
+    itemtxt=item+'.'*thislen+'\b:'
+    
+    key1='min'
+    key2='avg'
+    key3='max'
+    i=list(sub_info[sub_info['Item'] == item]['Value'])[0]
+    
+    print(itemtxt)
+    print(' '*4,key1+':',i[key1],'\b,',key2+':',round(i[key2],2),'\b,',key3+':',i[key3])
+        
+    return
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    print_peerPerformance(sub_info,item)
+
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    info=stock_info('AAPL')
+    sub_info=stock_risk_esg(info)
+    item='relatedControversy'
+
+def print_controversy(sub_info,item):
+    """
+    功能：打印ESG Social风险内容
+    """
+    maxlen=0
+    for index,row in sub_info.iterrows():
+        if len(row['Item']) > maxlen: maxlen=len(row['Item'])
+    thislen=maxlen-len(item)+2
+    itemtxt=item+'.'*thislen+'\b:'
+    
+    alist=list(sub_info[sub_info['Item'] == item]['Value'])[0]
+    
+    print(itemtxt)
+    for i in alist:
+        print(' '*4,i)
+        
+    return
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    print_controversy(sub_info,item)
+
+#==============================================================================
+def calc_dupont(ticker):
+    """
+    功能：计算股票ticker的杜邦分析项目
+    """
+    fsr2=get_financial_rates(ticker)
+    if fsr2 is None:
+        print("  #Error(calc_dupont): failed to retrieved info for",ticker)
+        return None   
+    
+    dpidf=fsr2[['ticker','endDate','periodType','ROE','Profit Margin','Total Asset Turnover','Equity Multiplier']]    
+    dpidf['pROE']=dpidf['Profit Margin']*dpidf['Total Asset Turnover']*dpidf['Equity Multiplier']
+    
+    return dpidf
+#==============================================================================
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    tickerlist=['AAPL','MSFT','FB']
+    fsdate='latest'
+    scale1 = 10
+    scale2 = 10
+    hatchlist=['.', 'o', '\\']
+
+def compare_dupont(tickerlist,fsdate='latest', \
+                   sort='PM',facecolor='whitesmoke',font_size='16px', \
+                       loc1='best',retry=10, \
+                   scale1 = 10,scale2 = 10,hatchlist=['.', 'o', '\\']):
+    """
+    功能：获得tickerlist中每只股票的杜邦分析项目，绘制柱状叠加比较图
+    tickerlist：股票代码列表，建议在10只以内
+    fsdate：财报日期，默认为最新一期季报/年报，或具体日期，格式：YYYY-MM-DD
+    scale1：用于放大销售净利率，避免与权益乘数数量级不一致导致绘图难看问题，可自行调整
+    scale2：用于放大总资产周转率，避免与权益乘数数量级不一致导致绘图难看问题，可自行调整
+    hatchlist：绘制柱状图的纹理，用于黑白打印时区分，可自定义，
+    可用的符号：'-', '+', 'x', '\\', '*', 'o', 'O', '.'    
+    """
+    import pandas as pd
+
+    lang=check_language()
+    """
+        ticker ='Ticker'
+        name1 = 'Profit Margin'
+        name2 = 'Asset Turnover'
+        name3 = 'Equity Multiplier'
+        name4 = 'ROE'
+        name5 = 'Report Date'
+        name6 = 'Report Type'    
+    """
+    ticker = '公司'
+    name1 = '销售净利率'
+    name2 = '总资产周转率'
+    name3 = '权益乘数'
+    name4 = '净资产收益率'
+    name5 = '财报日期'
+    name6 = '财报类型'    
+
+    import os, sys
+    class HiddenPrints:
+        def __enter__(self):
+            self._original_stdout = sys.stdout
+            sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w')
+
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+            sys.stdout.close()
+            sys.stdout = self._original_stdout
+    
+    dpidflist,dpilist,fsdatelist,fstypelist=[],[],[],[]
+    name1list,name2list,name3list,name4list,name5list,name6list=[],[],[],[],[],[]
+    newtickerlist=[]
+    print("Working on DuPont factsheet, it takes a very long time, take a breather ...")
+    
+    #第1次尝试
+    faillist=[]
+    for t in tickerlist:
+        try:
+            with HiddenPrints():
+                dpidf=calc_dupont(t)
+        except:
+            print("  #Warning(compare_dupont): found errors in accounting items, ignore",t)
+            continue
+        
+        #未出错，但未抓取到数据，再试
+        if dpidf is None: 
+            faillist=faillist+[t]
+            #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+            continue
+        
+        if fsdate == 'latest': 
+            try:
+                dpi=dpidf.tail(1)
+            except:
+                print(f"  #Warning(compare_dupont): got empty data for {t} @ {fsdate} financials")
+                faillist=faillist+[t]
+                #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+                continue
+        elif fsdate == 'annual':
+            dpidf_tmp=dpidf[dpidf['periodType']=="12M"]
+            try:
+                dpi=dpidf_tmp.tail(1)
+            except:
+                print(f"  #Warning(compare_dupont): got empty data for {t} @ {fsdate} financials")  
+                faillist=faillist+[t]
+                #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+                continue
+                
+        elif fsdate == 'quarterly':
+            dpidf_tmp=dpidf[dpidf['periodType']=="3M"]
+            try:
+                dpi=dpidf_tmp.tail(1)
+            except:
+                print(f"  #Warning(compare_dupont): got empty data for {t} @ {fsdate} financials")  
+                faillist=faillist+[t]
+                #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+                continue
+        else: dpi=dpidf[dpidf['endDate']==fsdate]
+        if len(dpi) == 0:
+            print("  #Warning(compare_dupont): financial statements not found for",t,'@',fsdate)
+            faillist=faillist+[t]
+            #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+            continue
+        
+        newtickerlist=newtickerlist+[t]
+        dpidflist=dpidflist+[dpidf]
+        dpilist=dpilist+[dpi]
+        fsdatelist=fsdatelist+[dpi['endDate'][0]]
+        fstypelist=fstypelist+[dpi['periodType'][0]]
+        
+        name1list=name1list+[dpi['Profit Margin'][0]*scale1]
+        name2list=name2list+[dpi['Total Asset Turnover'][0]*scale2]
+        name3list=name3list+[dpi['Equity Multiplier'][0]]
+        name4list=name4list+[dpi['ROE'][0]]
+        name5list=name5list+[dpi['endDate'][0]]
+        name6list=name6list+[dpi['periodType'][0]]
+        
+        #显示进度
+        #print_progress_percent2(t,tickerlist,steps=5,leading_blanks=4)
+        print(f"  *** Successfully obtained financial information for {t}")
+    
+    #第2次尝试
+    for i in range(retry):
+        if len(faillist) == 0: break
+    
+        tickerlist=faillist
+        faillist=[]
+        
+        for t in tickerlist:
+            try:
+                with HiddenPrints():
+                    dpidf=calc_dupont(t)
+            except:
+                print("  #Warning(compare_dupont): found errors in accounting items, ignore",t)
+                continue
+            
+            #未出错，但未抓取到数据，再试
+            if dpidf is None: 
+                faillist=faillist+[t]
+                #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+                continue
+            
+            if fsdate == 'latest': 
+                try:
+                    dpi=dpidf.tail(1)
+                except:
+                    print(f"  #Warning(compare_dupont): got empty data for {t} @ {fsdate} financials")
+                    faillist=faillist+[t]
+                    #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+                    continue
+            elif fsdate == 'annual':
+                dpidf_tmp=dpidf[dpidf['periodType']=="12M"]
+                try:
+                    dpi=dpidf_tmp.tail(1)
+                except:
+                    print(f"  #Warning(compare_dupont): got empty data for {t} @ {fsdate} financials")  
+                    faillist=faillist+[t]
+                    #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+                    continue
+                    
+            elif fsdate == 'quarterly':
+                dpidf_tmp=dpidf[dpidf['periodType']=="3M"]
+                try:
+                    dpi=dpidf_tmp.tail(1)
+                except:
+                    print(f"  #Warning(compare_dupont): got empty data for {t} @ {fsdate} financials")  
+                    faillist=faillist+[t]
+                    #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+                    continue
+            else: dpi=dpidf[dpidf['endDate']==fsdate]
+            if len(dpi) == 0:
+                print("  #Warning(compare_dupont): financial statements not found for",t,'@',fsdate)
+                faillist=faillist+[t]
+                #sleep_random(max_sleep=30)
+                continue
+            
+            newtickerlist=newtickerlist+[t]
+            dpidflist=dpidflist+[dpidf]
+            dpilist=dpilist+[dpi]
+            fsdatelist=fsdatelist+[dpi['endDate'][0]]
+            fstypelist=fstypelist+[dpi['periodType'][0]]
+            
+            name1list=name1list+[dpi['Profit Margin'][0]*scale1]
+            name2list=name2list+[dpi['Total Asset Turnover'][0]*scale2]
+            name3list=name3list+[dpi['Equity Multiplier'][0]]
+            name4list=name4list+[dpi['ROE'][0]]
+            name5list=name5list+[dpi['endDate'][0]]
+            name6list=name6list+[dpi['periodType'][0]]
+            
+            #显示进度
+            #print_progress_percent2(t,tickerlist,steps=5,leading_blanks=4)
+            print(f"  *** Successfully obtained financial information for {t}")
+
+
+    if len(faillist) > 0:
+        print(f"  ~~~ Pity: failed to fetch financials for {faillist}")
+    
+    tickerlist=newtickerlist
+    raw_data = {ticker:tickerlist,
+            name1:name1list,
+            name2:name2list,
+            name3:name3list,
+            name4:name4list,
+            name5:name5list,
+            name6:name6list}
+
+    df = pd.DataFrame(raw_data,columns=[ticker,name1,name2,name3,name4,name5,name6])
+    num=len(df['公司'])
+    for i in range(num):
+        code=df.loc[i,'公司']
+        df.loc[i,'公司']=ticker_name(code)
+
+    # 排序
+    if sort=='PM':
+        df.sort_values(name1,ascending=False,inplace=True)
+        sorttxt=text_lang("：按照"+name1+"降序排列",": By Descending"+name1)
+    elif sort=='TAT':
+        df.sort_values(name2,ascending=False,inplace=True)
+        sorttxt=text_lang("：按照"+name2+"降序排列",": By Descending"+name2)
+    elif sort=='EM':
+        df.sort_values(name3,ascending=False,inplace=True)
+        sorttxt=text_lang("：按照"+name3+"降序排列",": By Descending"+name3)
+    else:
+        df.sort_values(name1,ascending=False,inplace=True)
+        sorttxt=text_lang("：按照"+name1+"降序排列",": By Descending"+name1)
+
+    # 绘图    
+    #f,ax1 = plt.subplots(1,figsize=(10,5))
+    f,ax1 = plt.subplots(1,figsize=(12.8,6.4))
+    w = 0.75
+    x = [i+1 for i in range(len(df[name1]))]
+    #tick_pos = [i+(w/2.) for i in x]
+    tick_pos = [i for i in x]
+
+    ax1.bar(x,df[name3],width=w,bottom=[i+j for i,j in zip(df[name1],df[name2])], \
+            label=ectranslate(name3),alpha=0.5,color='green',hatch=hatchlist[0], \
+            edgecolor='black',align='center')
+    ax1.bar(x,df[name2],width=w,bottom=df[name1],label=ectranslate(name2),alpha=0.5,color='red', \
+            hatch=hatchlist[1], edgecolor='black',align='center')
+    ax1.bar(x,df[name1],width=w,label=ectranslate(name1),alpha=0.5,color='blue', \
+            hatch=hatchlist[2], edgecolor='black',align='center')
+
+    plt.xticks(tick_pos,df[ticker])
+    if lang == 'English':
+        plt.ylabel(texttranslate("杜邦分析分解项目"),fontsize=ylabel_txt_size)
+    else:
+        plt.ylabel("杜邦分析分解项目",fontsize=ylabel_txt_size)
+    
+    tickernamelist,fstypenamelist=[],[]
+    for i in range(num):
+        tickernamelist=tickernamelist+[ticker_name(tickerlist[i])]
+        if fstypelist[i]=='3M': fsname='季报'
+        else: fsname='年报'
+        fstypenamelist=fstypenamelist+[fsname]
+    
+    if lang == 'Chinese':
+        footnote='【'+'财报日期及类型'+'】'
+    else:
+        footnote='【'+texttranslate('财报日期及类型')+'】'
+        
+    #检查财报类型是否一致
+    name5types=len(df.groupby(name5).count())
+    if name5types > 1:
+        #财报类型不一致
+        linenum=0   
+        for i in range(num):
+            if linenum % 4 == 3:
+                footnote=footnote+'\n'
+            footnote=footnote+ticker_name(tickerlist[i])+"："+fsdatelist[i]+"，"+fstypenamelist[i]
+            if linenum < num -1:
+                footnote=footnote+'；'
+            linenum=linenum + 1
+    else:
+        footnote=footnote+fsdatelist[0]+"，"+fstypenamelist[0]
+        
+    import datetime; today=datetime.date.today()
+    #footnote1=footnote+'\n'+"【图示放大比例】"+name1+'：x'+str(scale1)+'，'+name2+'：x'+str(scale2)
+    if lang == 'Chinese':
+        footnote1="【图示放大比例】"+name1+'：x'+str(scale1)+'，'+name2+'：x'+str(scale2)
+        footnote2=footnote1+'\n'+"数据来源：雅虎财经,"+' '+str(today)
+    else:
+        footnote1=texttranslate("【图示放大比例】")+ectranslate(name1)+'：x'+str(scale1)+'，'+ectranslate(name2)+'：x'+str(scale2)
+        footnote2=footnote1+'\n'+texttranslate("数据来源: 雅虎财经,")+' '+str(today)
+    plt.xlabel(footnote2,fontsize=xlabel_txt_size)
+    
+    plt.legend(loc=loc1,fontsize=legend_txt_size)
+    if lang == 'Chinese':
+        plt.title("杜邦分析对比图"+sorttxt,fontsize=title_txt_size,fontweight='bold')
+    else:
+        plt.title(texttranslate("杜邦分析对比图")+sorttxt,fontsize=title_txt_size,fontweight='bold')
+    plt.xlim([min(tick_pos)-w,max(tick_pos)+w])
+    
+    plt.gca().set_facecolor('whitesmoke')
+    plt.show()    
+    
+    #设置打印对齐
+    pd.set_option('display.max_columns', 1000)
+    pd.set_option('display.width', 1000)
+    pd.set_option('display.max_colwidth', 1000)
+    pd.set_option('display.unicode.ambiguous_as_wide', True)
+    pd.set_option('display.unicode.east_asian_width', True)    
+    
+    df[name1]=df[name1]/scale1
+    df[name2]=df[name2]/scale2
+
+    for i in range(num):
+        code=df.loc[i,'财报类型']
+        if code == '3M': df.loc[i,'财报类型']='季报'
+        else: df.loc[i,'财报类型']='年报'
+    
+    dfcols=list(df)
+    dfecols=[]
+    for c in dfcols:
+        ce=ectranslate(c)
+        dfecols=dfecols+[ce]
+        df[ce]=df[c]
+    df[ectranslate('财报类型')]=df['财报类型'].apply(lambda x:'Quarterly' if x=='季报' else 'Annual')
+    dfe=df[dfecols]
+    
+    titletxt=text_lang("杜邦分析分项数据表","Du Pont Identity Fact Sheet")
+    footnote=text_lang("数据来源: 雅虎财经","Data source: Yahoo Finance")+', '+str(today)    
+    #确定表格字体大小
+    titile_font_size=font_size
+    heading_font_size=data_font_size=str(int(font_size.replace('px',''))-1)+'px'   
+    
+    df_display_CSS(df=df,titletxt=titletxt,footnote=footnote, \
+                   facecolor=facecolor,decimals=4, \
+               titile_font_size=titile_font_size,heading_font_size=heading_font_size, \
+               data_font_size=data_font_size)
+
+    
+    #合并所有历史记录
+    alldf=pd.concat(dpidflist)
+    alldf.dropna(inplace=True)
+    del alldf['pROE']
+    
+    """
+    allnum=len(alldf)
+    for i in range(allnum):
+        code=alldf.loc[i,'periodType']
+        if code == '3M': alldf.loc[i,'periodType']='Quarterly'
+        else: alldf.loc[i,'periodType']='Annual'    
+    """
+    return alldf
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    tickerlist=['IBM','DELL','WMT'] 
+    df=compare_dupont(tickerlist,fsdate='latest',scale1 = 100,scale2 = 10)   
+#==============================================================================
+
+
+
+#==============================================================================
+#==============================================================================