quo-systems 0.1.0__tar.gz

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+ .venv/
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+ __pycache__/
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+ *.pyc
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+ *.egg-info/
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+ dist/
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+ 3.13
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+ Copyright 2026 Razvan Gherghina
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+ Quo
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+ Copyright 2026 Razvan Gherghina
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+
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+ This product includes software developed by Razvan Gherghina.
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+
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+ Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See LICENSE.
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+ Metadata-Version: 2.5
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+ Name: quo-systems
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+ Version: 0.1.0
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+ Summary: Quo in Python: the protocol that answers by whose authority.
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+ License-File: LICENSE
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+ License-File: NOTICE
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+ Requires-Python: >=3.11
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+ Requires-Dist: cryptography
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+ # The Quo kit in Python
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+
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+ Written from [the constitution](../../constitution.md) alone and judged
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+ against the pinned corpus in [`../js/vectors`](../js/vectors). Today it
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+ carries a core of five modules and the two roads.
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+
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+ - **`quo.notation`** — Article IV. A blueprint's canonical text, its SHA-256
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+ digest, and every text the notation refuses.
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+ - **`quo.arithmetic`** — Article VI. Ed25519 signs, X25519 seals, SHA-256
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+ commits, AES-256-GCM encrypts under a key derived through HKDF-SHA-256.
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+ - **`quo.wire`** — Article V. The byte encoding of every closed type.
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+ - **`quo.envelope`** — Article XI. The sealed box and the two records inside it.
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+ - **`quo.warden`** — Articles IX and XII. The door, and the judgment in order.
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+
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+ And the roads, which are not the core:
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+
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+ - **`quo.carriage`** — Article III. The common carriage: one POST, bytes in
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+ and bytes out. The only module that imports `http`.
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+ - **`quo.line`** — Article III. Framed envelopes over one persistent TCP
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+ connection. The only module that imports `socket`.
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+
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+ Importing `quo` gives the core and pulls in no host; a road is asked for by
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+ name, and `tests/test_roads.py` asserts that rather than trusting a reader to
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+ keep noticing it.
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+
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+ One third-party import, and it is the whole of it: PyCA
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+ [`cryptography`](https://cryptography.io/), which carries Ed25519, X25519,
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+ AES-256-GCM and HKDF. SHA-256 still comes from `hashlib`, because a primitive
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+ the platform holds is taken from the platform. The core imports no host:
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+ nothing from `socket`, `http` or `asyncio`.
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+
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+ ## What it needs
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+
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+ Python 3.11 or newer. The kit is developed and tested on CPython 3.13, pinned
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+ in `.python-version`, with the dependency resolved by the committed
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+ `uv.lock`.
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+
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+ ## The interface
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from quo import notation
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+
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+ notation.parse(text) # -> Blueprint, or raises NotationError
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+ notation.render(blueprint) # -> the canonical text
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+ notation.canonical(text) # -> the canonical bytes, UTF-8
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+ notation.digest(text) # -> 32 bytes, the blueprint's identity
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+ ```
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+
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+ A text is canonical or it is refused. There is no repair: `parse` reads the
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+ text, then writes the blueprint back and requires the two to be the same
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+ bytes, so a trailing space or a second blank line is a refusal rather than
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+ something quietly dropped.
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from quo import arithmetic
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+
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+ arithmetic.digest(data) # -> 32 bytes
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+ arithmetic.commitment(warden, heir) # -> 32 bytes
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+ arithmetic.signing_public(secret) # -> the Ed25519 pk of that seed
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+ arithmetic.sign(secret, message) # -> 64 bytes
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+ arithmetic.verify(voice, message, sig) # -> bool
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+ arithmetic.sealing_public(secret) # -> the X25519 pk of that key
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+ arithmetic.agree(secret, public) # -> 32 bytes, or ArithmeticError
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+ arithmetic.derive(shared) # -> (32-byte key, 12-byte nonce)
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+ arithmetic.seal(shared, additional, plain) # -> ciphertext then 16-byte tag
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+ arithmetic.unseal(shared, additional, box) # -> plaintext, or ArithmeticError
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+ ```
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+
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+ A key is 32 bytes; anything else is refused before an algorithm sees it. No
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+ function here mints a key — every draw of randomness is taken as an argument.
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+ `verify` answers false rather than raising, because a signature that does not
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+ stand is an ordinary answer; a seal that does not open is an
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+ `ArithmeticError`. So is a dead agreement — one handing back thirty-two zero
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+ bytes is refused at the point of agreement, said as this module's own refusal
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+ rather than as whatever `cryptography` raised underneath.
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+
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+ ```python
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+ from quo import carriage, line
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+
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+ carriage.post(hint, message) # -> the sealed answer, or b"" for silence
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+ carriage.Door(handle, limit=...) # one POST in, one body out
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+
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+ line.parse_hint("tcp://host:9000") # -> Road(host, port, cap, declared)
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+ line.frame(envelope, cap) # -> the length, then the envelope bytes
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+ line.dial(hint).send(envelope) # the dialing end publishes nothing
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+ line.Listener(handle, cap=...) # the listening end, and its hint
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+ ```
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+
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+ The default cap is 16,384 bytes, which a bare `tcp://` hint promises; a door
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+ with a different appetite declares it with `?cap=` and a dialer reads it before
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+ connecting. An over-cap send is refused in the sender's own kit. On a line
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+ silence has no wire form — a refused ask puts no frame out — and only a framing
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+ fault ends the connection, without a word.
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+
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+ ## The tests
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+
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+ With [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/), from this directory:
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+
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+ ```
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+ uv run --frozen --python 3.13 python -m unittest discover -s tests -t tests -v
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+ ```
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+
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+ Every vector in `../js/vectors/notation.json` is reproduced — six accepted
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+ texts asserted on both their canonical bytes and their digest, and
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+ twenty-eight refusals asserted as strictly as the acceptances. So is every
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+ vector in `arithmetic.json`, all sixteen, with the case count asserted
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+ against the file. `material.json` carries no vectors: instead every one of
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+ its twenty keys is accounted for, each derived from its own secret or named
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+ as a root the file does not derive.
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+ [project]
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+ name = "quo-systems"
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+ version = "0.1.0"
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+ description = "Quo in Python: the protocol that answers by whose authority."
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+ requires-python = ">=3.11"
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+ dependencies = ["cryptography"]
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+
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+ [build-system]
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+ requires = ["hatchling"]
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+ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
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+
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+ [tool.hatch.build.targets.wheel]
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+ packages = ["src/quo"]
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+ """The Quo kit in Python. The core: the notation, the arithmetic, the wire, the
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+ envelope and the warden.
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+
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+ The three roads — ``quo.carriage``, ``quo.line`` and ``quo.call``, which is
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+ distance zero — are deliberately absent here. Importing this package pulls in
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+ no host, so the core stays portable; a road is asked for by name.
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+ """
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+
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+ from . import arithmetic, envelope, notation, warden, wire
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+
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+ __all__ = ["arithmetic", "envelope", "notation", "warden", "wire"]
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+ """The arithmetic: the four algorithms, named once and never negotiated.
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+
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+ Article VI of the constitution is the whole specification. Ed25519 signs,
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+ X25519 seals, SHA-256 commits, AES-256-GCM encrypts under a key derived
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+ through HKDF-SHA-256 with the fixed label ``quo-seal``. There is no suite
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+ identifier and no negotiation.
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+
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+ Every draw of randomness is taken as an argument here, never reached for: no
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+ function in this module mints a key of its own.
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+ """
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+
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+ from __future__ import annotations
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+
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+ import hashlib
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+ from typing import Tuple
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+
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+ from cryptography.exceptions import InvalidSignature, InvalidTag
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+ from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.ed25519 import (
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+ Ed25519PrivateKey,
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+ Ed25519PublicKey,
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+ )
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+ from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.x25519 import (
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+ X25519PrivateKey,
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+ X25519PublicKey,
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+ )
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+ from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.aead import AESGCM
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+ from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes import SHA256
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+ from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.kdf.hkdf import HKDF
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+ from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization import Encoding, PublicFormat
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+
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+ __all__ = [
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+ "ArithmeticError",
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+ "KEY_LENGTH",
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+ "SIGNATURE_LENGTH",
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+ "NONCE_LENGTH",
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+ "TAG_LENGTH",
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+ "SEAL_INFO",
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+ "digest",
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+ "commitment",
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+ "signing_public",
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+ "sign",
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+ "small_order",
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+ "verify",
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+ "sealing_public",
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+ "agree",
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+ "derive",
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+ "seal",
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+ "unseal",
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+ ]
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+
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+
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+ class ArithmeticError(ValueError):
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+ """An input the arithmetic refuses, or a seal that does not open."""
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+
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+
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+ KEY_LENGTH = 32
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+ SIGNATURE_LENGTH = 64
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+ NONCE_LENGTH = 12
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+ TAG_LENGTH = 16
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+
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+ SEAL_INFO = b"quo-seal"
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+ """The fixed ASCII label. The label and the info are one constant, not two."""
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+
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+ _DRAWN = KEY_LENGTH + NONCE_LENGTH
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+
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+
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+ def _key(name: str, value: bytes) -> bytes:
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+ """A key is 32 bytes. Anything else is refused before an algorithm sees it."""
69
+ if not isinstance(value, (bytes, bytearray)):
70
+ raise ArithmeticError(f"{name} must be bytes")
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+ if len(value) != KEY_LENGTH:
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+ raise ArithmeticError(f"{name} must be {KEY_LENGTH} bytes, got {len(value)}")
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+ return bytes(value)
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+
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+
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+ def digest(data: bytes) -> bytes:
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+ """SHA-256 commits."""
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+ return hashlib.sha256(data).digest()
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+
80
+
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+ def commitment(warden: bytes, heir: bytes) -> bytes:
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+ """The pk of the warden the heir would spend at, then the heir's pk, hashed.
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+
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+ For a warden's own name that warden is itself.
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+ """
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+ return digest(_key("warden", warden) + _key("heir", heir))
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+
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+
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+ def signing_public(secret: bytes) -> bytes:
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+ """The Ed25519 public key of the pair minted from these thirty-two bytes.
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+
92
+ The bytes are the seed as Ed25519 defines it; the public key follows by the
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+ algorithm's own rules.
94
+ """
95
+ private = Ed25519PrivateKey.from_private_bytes(_key("secret", secret))
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+ return private.public_key().public_bytes(Encoding.Raw, PublicFormat.Raw)
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+
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+
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+ def sign(secret: bytes, message: bytes) -> bytes:
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+ """Sign a message under the pair minted from this seed."""
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+ private = Ed25519PrivateKey.from_private_bytes(_key("secret", secret))
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+ return private.sign(bytes(message))
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+
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+
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+ # The small-order points of Curve25519's group, as Ed25519 public keys. A
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+ # signature under one binds to no secret, so a voice wearing one is silence.
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+ _SMALL_ORDER = frozenset(
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+ bytes.fromhex(point)
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+ for point in (
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+ "0100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
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+ "ecffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff7f",
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+ "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
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+ "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000080",
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+ "26e8958fc2b227b045c3f489f2ef98f0d5dfac05d3c63339b13802886d53fc05",
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+ "c7176a703d4dd84fba3c0b760d10670f2a2053fa2c39ccc64ec7fd7792ac037a",
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+ "26e8958fc2b227b045c3f489f2ef98f0d5dfac05d3c63339b13802886d53fc85",
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+ "c7176a703d4dd84fba3c0b760d10670f2a2053fa2c39ccc64ec7fd7792ac03fa",
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+ )
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+ )
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+
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+
122
+ def small_order(pk: bytes) -> bool:
123
+ """Whether this public key is one of the curve's small-order points."""
124
+ return bytes(pk) in _SMALL_ORDER
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+
126
+
127
+ def verify(voice: bytes, message: bytes, signature: bytes) -> bool:
128
+ """Whether this signature stands under this voice over these bytes.
129
+
130
+ False rather than an exception: a signature that does not verify is an
131
+ ordinary answer, not a malformed input.
132
+ """
133
+ try:
134
+ public = Ed25519PublicKey.from_public_bytes(_key("voice", voice))
135
+ except ArithmeticError:
136
+ raise
137
+ if len(signature) != SIGNATURE_LENGTH:
138
+ return False
139
+ if small_order(voice):
140
+ return False
141
+ try:
142
+ public.verify(bytes(signature), bytes(message))
143
+ except InvalidSignature:
144
+ return False
145
+ return True
146
+
147
+
148
+ def sealing_public(secret: bytes) -> bytes:
149
+ """The X25519 public key of the pair minted from these thirty-two bytes.
150
+
151
+ The bytes are the private key itself. Clamping happens inside the
152
+ algorithm; nothing is derived from a seed first.
153
+ """
154
+ private = X25519PrivateKey.from_private_bytes(_key("secret", secret))
155
+ return private.public_key().public_bytes(Encoding.Raw, PublicFormat.Raw)
156
+
157
+
158
+ def agree(secret: bytes, public: bytes) -> bytes:
159
+ """The raw thirty-two-byte X25519 shared secret, exactly as it comes back.
160
+
161
+ **An agreement that hands back thirty-two zero bytes is refused at the
162
+ point of agreement**: the padlock was not a real key, and a seal derived
163
+ from it would protect nothing. ``cryptography`` refuses the degenerate
164
+ output itself, with a ``ValueError`` of its own that is not this module's
165
+ refusal — so it is caught here and said as one, and the zero check stands
166
+ behind it for a platform that would hand the bytes back instead.
167
+ """
168
+ private = X25519PrivateKey.from_private_bytes(_key("secret", secret))
169
+ other = X25519PublicKey.from_public_bytes(_key("public", public))
170
+ try:
171
+ shared = private.exchange(other)
172
+ except ValueError as bad:
173
+ raise ArithmeticError("a dead agreement") from bad
174
+ if shared == b"\x00" * KEY_LENGTH:
175
+ raise ArithmeticError("a dead agreement")
176
+ return shared
177
+
178
+
179
+ def derive(shared: bytes) -> Tuple[bytes, bytes]:
180
+ """Draw forty-four bytes: thirty-two of key, then twelve of nonce.
181
+
182
+ HKDF-SHA-256 used whole, over the raw shared secret with nothing prepended
183
+ and nothing hashed first, under an empty salt — a salt of zero length,
184
+ not a run of zero bytes — and the fixed info ``quo-seal``.
185
+ """
186
+ drawn = HKDF(
187
+ algorithm=SHA256(),
188
+ length=_DRAWN,
189
+ salt=b"",
190
+ info=SEAL_INFO,
191
+ ).derive(_key("shared", shared))
192
+ return drawn[:KEY_LENGTH], drawn[KEY_LENGTH:]
193
+
194
+
195
+ def seal(shared: bytes, additional: bytes, plaintext: bytes) -> bytes:
196
+ """AES-256-GCM under the derived key and nonce: ciphertext first, tag after.
197
+
198
+ The additional authenticated data is the ephemeral public key.
199
+ """
200
+ key, nonce = derive(shared)
201
+ return AESGCM(key).encrypt(nonce, bytes(plaintext), bytes(additional))
202
+
203
+
204
+ def unseal(shared: bytes, additional: bytes, box: bytes) -> bytes:
205
+ """Open a box, or refuse it. The last sixteen bytes are the tag."""
206
+ if len(box) < TAG_LENGTH:
207
+ raise ArithmeticError("a box carries at least the sixteen-byte tag")
208
+ key, nonce = derive(shared)
209
+ try:
210
+ return AESGCM(key).decrypt(nonce, bytes(box), bytes(additional))
211
+ except InvalidTag as failure:
212
+ raise ArithmeticError("the seal does not open") from failure
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
1
+ """Distance zero: the carriage is a call.
2
+
3
+ Article III names three carriages. This is the third: two houses in one device
4
+ or one process handing envelope bytes as bytes, a private carriage like any
5
+ other, needing no naming because no wire exists to disagree about. There is no
6
+ hint, because a hint is where to send bytes and here the door itself is the
7
+ address.
8
+
9
+ **Distance zero waives no step of the judgment.** The bytes handed over are the
10
+ same sealed, signed envelope the common carriage would have carried, and the
11
+ door behind this road spends every step of Article XII on them. The seal and
12
+ the signature are what make the two houses two; a ground that strips them for
13
+ being local has rebuilt the ambient permission the law exists to end. So this
14
+ module carries no shortcut of any kind: it is the carriage with the socket
15
+ removed and nothing else removed.
16
+
17
+ Within one house there is no carriage at all, because there are no strangers.
18
+ This road is for two houses that happen to share a process, never for a house
19
+ talking to itself.
20
+
21
+ This module is a road, not the core, and no core module imports it. Unlike the
22
+ other two it imports no host at all — there is nothing to import, which is the
23
+ whole of what distance zero means.
24
+ """
25
+
26
+ from __future__ import annotations
27
+
28
+ from typing import Callable, Optional
29
+
30
+ __all__ = [
31
+ "CallError",
32
+ "DEFAULT_LIMIT",
33
+ "Door",
34
+ "post",
35
+ ]
36
+
37
+
38
+ class CallError(Exception):
39
+ """The road failed. Never a word about the message, which the seal owns."""
40
+
41
+
42
+ DEFAULT_LIMIT = 65536
43
+
44
+ #: What a caller may hand over. A handler answers bytes, or ``None`` for silence.
45
+ Handler = Callable[[bytes], Optional[bytes]]
46
+
47
+
48
+ class Door:
49
+ """A warden's door at distance zero: bytes in, bytes out, no wire between.
50
+
51
+ ``limit`` is the largest message this door reads, which is the warden's own
52
+ published limit and nothing this road decided. A door that is not open
53
+ carries nothing, the same weather a closed socket is.
54
+ """
55
+
56
+ def __init__(self, handle: Handler, limit: int = DEFAULT_LIMIT) -> None:
57
+ self.handle = handle
58
+ self.limit = limit
59
+ self.open = False
60
+
61
+ def start(self) -> "Door":
62
+ self.open = True
63
+ return self
64
+
65
+ def close(self) -> None:
66
+ self.open = False
67
+
68
+ def __enter__(self) -> "Door":
69
+ return self.start()
70
+
71
+ def __exit__(self, *_exc) -> None:
72
+ self.close()
73
+
74
+
75
+ def post(door: Door, message: bytes) -> bytes:
76
+ """Hand one message to the door. Returns the answer, empty for silence.
77
+
78
+ The bytes cross as bytes and nothing reads them on the way: no length is
79
+ negotiated, no framing is added, and the copy the door sees is its own, so
80
+ neither house can reach into the other's buffer after the call. A door that
81
+ is not open raises :class:`CallError`, which is weather rather than an
82
+ answer.
83
+ """
84
+ if not isinstance(door, Door):
85
+ raise CallError("not a door at distance zero")
86
+ if not isinstance(message, (bytes, bytearray)):
87
+ raise CallError("not bytes")
88
+ if not door.open:
89
+ raise CallError("a door that is not open")
90
+ body = bytes(message)
91
+ if len(body) == 0 or len(body) > door.limit:
92
+ # A message the door would not have read off a socket is not read here
93
+ # either, and it meets the same silence.
94
+ return b""
95
+ try:
96
+ answer = door.handle(body)
97
+ except Exception: # a door never says which step it was
98
+ return b""
99
+ return bytes(answer) if answer else b""